Battles of Tadjalalt and Haroum
# Battles of Tadjalalt and Haroum

Between December 3 and 10, 2022, militants from Islamic State in the Greater Sahara and al-Qaeda-linked Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin clashed in eastern Mali, at the river between the towns of Tadjalalt and Haroum.

## Prelude

While originally allies against the Malian government throughout the Mali War, since 2020 JNIM and ISGS have clashed in Mali due to ideological differences. In March 2022, ISGS went on an offensive against the Malian government, Tuareg rebels, and JNIM. In May 2022, the two groups agreed to a truce, although this truce expired sometime in September. Clashes between ISGS and JNIM in particular escalated in November, with fighting in Gao and Timbuktu regions killing an unknown amount of fighters. A Tuareg source speaking to Le Monde stated that JNIM usually sends soldiers out one wave at a time, with each wave containing around 700 soldiers.

## Battle

In the rural village of N'Tillit, fighting began on December 3 between the two groups, with 583 households being displaced. On December 4, clashes flared up in the village of Tin Djiridjitane, with JNIM capturing the ISGS base of Fitili. These clashes were just 15 kilometers away from a Malian army base in Tessit. The commander of a local Tuareg militia, Fahad Ag al-Mahmoud, claimed the battle near Fitili inflicted heavy casualties on both sides, with JNIM ultimately winning. al-Mahmoud alleged that following the battle, the remnants of the ISGS fighters dispersed, and JNIM committed massacres on December 5 in the towns of Idarfan and Alabadje, killing around 70 people.

Clashes resumed between the two groups in the villages of Tadjalalt and Haroum on December 7, with the battles being the heaviest of the clashes. In the battle, A Malian air force jet was alleged to have flown over the battlefield during the battle. Fighting in the towns lasted until December 10, with JNIM claiming to have killed over seventy-three ISGS fighters in Haroum alone. Conversely, ISGS claimed to have killed a hundred JNIM soldiers. Due to the heavy losses from the battles, both jihadist groups returned to their positions by the Malian-Burkinabe and Nigerien-Malian borders. Low-intensity skirmishes continued until December 13.

