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roblo and ,ba, experjencr OF the social system m


which they moved which they termed s7roIr rirr''


or the know ledge Of life, made them regard. az ihe
beipbi Of il-breeding and the con-unmation OF
ab.urdtv. that Jealous regard for the cha'u'y ~
their wives which i. the attribute, N a. nations o'


men, to whom custom or law gives the power -


preserve it-whether the Mahomcian Who can


drown, or the Protestant, wnO car divorce the 4e'
! lnqucnts Pccuniary combinations. "iloN ar


invariably the great cemcHters0 q Established wrong


or conventional night. tended % reconcile the ia-
Igred party TO his wrong. Marriages weie tnl''


Of convenience the daughters Brought dowue'


those who did not had no spouse but 'he Church


and the for;-ne Of the wive., whsle II gave them


right 10 an ins>lcni independence Il conduct. con-


,oicd their husban for the .o.s Of hearts which


they never woocd But the most MARKED dis,inc-
| ton between the b., nch Au-focracy and the ing
| ish. and the one lch operated tie most ia'ai'y


20 their downfall. arose land ihis ma ne'cr been


.us -icntv cou.idcrcd) from the early extinction oi
| the Representative System. That safeguard oi


modern society. though always AaDe 10 great


abuses necessarily clumsy ia iis machinery ara
perhaps hereafter. in some distant age l. To ida


aside for mode, of legislative government more


paternal and less noisy, has this immense ad.an-
| ,age.-it opens hcalihf.l field for the energies


and ambition of the Great. aud a field that can oe
|


interiors. An election brings al. classes iogeirer


antics them in common Iinks Of passion and inter-
cst;-,hcre can be 10 odaugerous and prolonged -ei-
aratiOn between classes where elections are IoiI


lar and frequent. What tho tcudal ~ stem Wa DO


binding together the baron andthe va,>a III" fIeci


oral s in binding together the great roiurtof
| aud the aericultuIasi-the great mcrclast and the


arti,an--the rich and the poor: there j, q hnS ~
| ron between the most ambitious statesman and the
| mease.t vetor. IL was ust AZ he time when tle
| Representative System was most ed,d ln rance.
! that Is. in the dissolution OF the old forms ana


u.ages which cementedlhe different ranks, that It
| va, extingu.hed by the ambition OF the Executive


The education of men insensitly adapt, Itself 20


the object, of ambition. open to their future
! The rich gentleman or the powerful noble in Eng
| land has the ambitsn before him-of ruELic
LWT-and TO ,hi, a large proportion Of tae class
are imperccptibly trained; hence. despite Of much
that may be ia,e and preigdiccd, in the intellect


u.l cultivation through which they pass. II i 'n-
possible but what the uiinds of the English ais
tecracy should become more manly, practical.
busincss-ke, and robust, than the members OF "a
correspondent class in country where public life.
properly speaking, existed not-wncrc ambition
he'd opening, except il the army oT the sa.oon-
where graceful person. charming manner.
happy b0u-1aot were the best passports 1, place
"a
NAY, a colonccy in the army. Hence. on the other
ham, formed that peculiar polish Of civiilza
tion or which the French H06lcsSe were remark
able, and for which the history oi the world ha-
probably no correspondent example. Grace man
ner, wit conversation--all that could amusc, iu-
tcrcst iascnato their equals or supcriors-th -~
we're to the French pairicians. what knowledge OF
bu.nes, and the art Of speaking, and thc hard
qualities of public hi-. were and are 10 the En4-
i>h. Habits consequent on such Accomplishments /
were necessarily those Of generosity and o.iesta-
lon--n other words, ot expense. lhe cHfen~e !
was suppsd ~ the most grinding exlctions on
their tenantry, the most fragrant Job, on the
public resoufces-morc and more reasons for the
separation between ranks. 1t Is astonishing how
completely unfit these brilliant personases were for
any other existence than that which they corrupted
and adorned. While thc army was entirely oii- |
cered by the n1bles while the mobiles alone seized I
Or sold every place at the court, and filled the !
church with cdous sinecures--thelr unpresuy /
ijb<s monopolizing the benefcos Of d'gni'aric', !
and leading openly the lives of roHcs-thc admin
~tration of the country the power, the business OF
the state, were left. for the most part. without all
eilort, to the members of the bourgc0i@e on the !
5lr. While in England the administration OF al
airs more and more falling iuto tnc ar>'ocIauc
nand, which. have since welded il, IN France the





oly of the rofouriers. II was not from the nigh
born taiAfq,tis lha, such men F., Colbert and lur'
got could arise Th, French gentleman. cantent-
ed with the brilliant hGtier of the butterfly had
none Of the vulgar industry of the bee.


Ii was impossible that, time went on and
Hpened rvnection--it impossible that such a
class could long retain established power IN the
state. OF the state they made 10 part and uey
we're only visible in legislation by the intrusion ot
privileges equally insulting 70 common sense ani
obnoxious to common justice. Rapidly, too they
we're wasting Improbable proius.on. the sole
| foundation which an arlstocracy can rcs-PRo-
PERTY. When the baron can NO longer awe boy
the number of his followers, the noble ony inn


pose by the extent of his rent roll. IL !, true, that


a. body the Aristocracy still share! with tsc
Church the possession of the far larger portion OF
the lands but agriculture declined. mortgage, I'M
creased and the lands rather served tor the OPP


preston Of peasants. than for adequate resource,
| To the extravaganza of the Lords, About the mid


die of tine reign of Loui, XN. along the Seine and


along the Loire. dismaniied chatcaus, starving


scrf, untitled fields, were the visible signs 70. tasty
! falling order. Thus. in the following reign, the
| French seigneur became not only unpopuiar.-he


became e,pised. If a Leyellcr of our own time


and land were 10 paint the English Aris'ocracy


according to his prejudice or opinion, he nigh, ie-


cribe them hateful. but never ceraia.s "a, de,-


picablc. Men never can dcsPse the powerful


The power OF the English aristocrscy every whore


and IN every thing-Power IN wcaltn--powef in
! ands-poweris u the state-power IN the affections
| they command from large classes no; belonging to
lhem-power in the intellect which enables them


in the open contests of party, TO bear comparison


with men Of the highest ai,aiumenis in inferior


grades. and 10 justify by their talent, the offices


they aspire to from their birth. Iae English ari.-


tocracy have few privileges AID much power; Toe


French had many privileges and 40 power lei