WRITTEN QUESTION No. 4140/97 by Angela SIERRA GONZÁLEZ to the Commission. Human rights of the Tuareg population in Niger
9. 10. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 310/13 (98/C 310/14) WRITTEN QUESTION E-4133/97 by Wilfried Telka¤mper (V) to the Commission (21 January 1998) Subject: Aid for nuclear or solar energy How much aid has nuclear energy (including reprocessing, final storage, etc. ) received to date, in total and over the past ten years, within the EU? How much aid has solar energy received to date, in total and over the past ten years, within the EU? What proportion of both 1. and 2. has been accounted for by Baden-Wu¤rttemberg and the Federal Republic of Germany, respectively? What debts has EdF/France incurred as a result of its nuclear programme? What has been the overall level of aid for nuclear energy in France? Answer given by Mr Papoutsis on behalf of the Commission (27 March 1998) The Communityís financial contribution to nuclear energy over the last ten years has been confined to the framework programme of research and development (R&D) (nuclear fission and fusion). The annual average works out at around ECU 310 million, including ECU 100 million for fission. Between 1986 and 1995, the corresponding average annual R&D expenditure on nuclear energy in the Member States as a whole was around ECU 1 470 million. As for Euratom borrowing, no grants have been made since 1988. From 1990 to 1997, around 160 solar projects were supported in the framework of the Thermie programme. These projects related to solar energy technologies, i. e. solar photovoltaic, solar thermal and solar industrial power generation. In addition, 72 solar energy projects were granted financial support under the Altener programme during the period 1993-97. The financial contribution granted from these two programmes equals ECU 70 million, or about ECU 9 million per year. Between 1986 and 1995, average annual R&D expenditure on solar energy in the Member States as a whole was around ECU 125 million. As far as Germany is concerned, 17 solar energy projects were implemented over that period, with a Community financial contribution of ECU 8 million from the Thermie programme. The figures for Baden-Wu¤rttemberg are 4 projects and ECU 1. 65 million. Under the Altener programme 8 solar projects were supported in Germany for a total of ECU 1. 3 million, of which one project was located in Baden-Wu¤rttemberg and granted approximately ECU 170 000. Average annual R&D expenditure on nuclear and solar energy in Germany between 1986 and 1995 was ECU 336 million and ECU 70 million respectively. Electricite· de Franceís 1996 annual report showed the companyís debt to be standing at FF 133 billion at the end of that year. No breakdown is given of the different sources of electricity production. Average annual R&D expenditure on nuclear and solar energy between 1986 and 1995 was ECU 467 million and ECU 3 million respectively. (98/C 310/15) WRITTEN QUESTION E-4140/97 by Angela Sierra Gonza·lez (GUE/NGL) to the Commission (21 January 1998) Subject: Human rights of the Tuareg population in Niger The Tuareg population in the central Sahara region, which currently numbers more than 3 million people and is divided between Algeria, Libya, Niger, Mali and Burkina-Faso, is currently facing a humanitarian crisis in the refugee camps where many of the population live