Proposal for a Council Directive adapting to technical and scientific progress Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 28. 05. 1997 COM(97) 195 final Proposal for a COUNCIL DIRECTIVE adapting to technical and scientific progress Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (presented by the Commission) EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM Subject: Proposal for a Council Directive (EC) adapting to technical and scientific progress Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora 1. 2. 3. 4. Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (the "Habitats Directive") provides for the creation, in several stages, of a network of protected natural habitats called Natura 2000. Under the terms of Article 2(2) of Directive 92/43/EEC, measures taken pursuant to the Directive must be designed to maintain or restore, at favourable conservation status, natural habitats and species of wild fauna and flora of Community interest. Pursuant to Article 4 of Directive 92/43/EEC, each Member State is required, on the basis of the criteria set out in Annex III (Stage 1) and relevant scientific information, to propose a list of sites indicating which natural habitat types in Annex I and which species in Annex II that are native to its territory the sites host. Annexes I and II to Directive 92/43/EEC may be amended in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 19. The amendments necessary for adaptation to technical and scientific progress must be adopted by the Council acting by qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission. 5. When Austria, Finland and Sweden acceded to the Union, Annexes I and II were amended (OJNo LI, 1. 1. 1995, p. 135). 6. However, several Member States and the Scientific Working Group set up by the "Habitats" Committee (established by the Directive) wanted Annexes I and II to Directive 92/43/EEC to be adapted to technical and scientific progress. Adaptation was requested to cover: - - the description of the habitat types of Community interest in the Boreal region to better define the additions made to the original lists when Sweden and Finland acceded. the scientific nomenclature of several species, which has changed since the original annexes were drawn up. All up-to-date scientific information on natural habitat types and the relevant species of Community interest indicates that it is necessary to adapt Annexes I and II. As regards Annex I, the process of updating the classification of European habitats, carried out on the basis of the Corine biotopes project, 1 led to the production of an Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats. This Manual includes the new Natura 2000 codes which identify each natural habitat type. The first EUR 12 version of the Manual was published by the Commission in April 1995 and contained updated information for twelve Member States. A second EUR 15 version was published in April 1996, incorporating the new priority habitats of Community interest which were added when the three new Member States acceded. i Corine biotopes - Technical Handbook, Volume 1, pp. 73-109; Corine/Biotopes/89-2. 2, 19 May 1988, partially updated 14 February 1989. 7. * - - - - - - - - * - At the "Habitats" Committee meeting of 13 September 1996, Member States' delegates unanimously approved the following amendments: Annex I: to replace the reference to Corine biotopes for classifying habitat types with a reference to the new Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats, EUR 15 version of April 1996; to replace the 1989 Corine code with the Natura 2000 code, now the standard scientific reference; to describe new types of Boreal habitats, including seven priority habitats, in line with the opinion of the Scientific Working Group of the Habitats Committee. to remove the habitat sub-types (e. g. "grey dunes") which are now described in the Interpretation Manual, EUR 15 version; to take account of the recent scientific identification of the habitat type Turloughs outside Ireland; to therefore delete the word "(Ireland)" from the habitat type "Turloughs (Ireland)"; to reclassify the habitat "*Taxus baccata woods" in keeping with scientific advice so that formations in the British Isles will be placed in the sub-category "Forests of temperate Europe" rather than "Mediterranean mountainous forests"; to replace a number of titles causing habitat types to be confused by more explicit titles from the Interpretation Manual, EUR 15 version; to replace the common names of species under each title by their Latin names, so as to conform to scientific usage. Annex II: to adapt the names of species not correctly identified when the Annexes were drawn up, to the taxonomy and nomenclature currently in force in the scientific community; - to add certain Nordic species identified jointly by scientists in Sweden and Finland. Member States are not expected to experience any additional difficulty in complying with the amendments to this Directive. 8. In conformity with the principle of subsidiarity and with the principle of proportionality it turns out to be necessary that the present proposal is carried out at the Community level because it concerns the simple adaptation to technical and scientific progress of a basic act which emanates from the Community. *** The Commission proposes to the Council to adopt the attached proposal for a Council Directive. Proposal for a Council Directive (EC) adapting to technical and scientific progress Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora,1 and in particular the first paragraph of Article 19 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, Whereas certain natural habitat types and species in Annexes I and II to Directive 92/43/EEC should be adapted to technical and scientific progress; Whereas the Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats (EUR 15 version of April 1996) includes the new Natura 2000 codes which identify each natural habitat type; whereas the reference to the Corine code in Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC should be replaced by a reference to the Natura 2000 code; HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: Article 1 Annexes I and II to Directive 92/43/EEC shall be replaced by the text in the Annex to this Directive. 1 OJ No L 206, 22. 7. 1992, p. 7, amended by the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden. Arttekl Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 December 1997. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof. The provisions adopted pursuant to this paragraph shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for such reference shall be adopted by the Member States. Article 3 This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. Article 4 This Directive is addressed to the Member States. Done at. ,. For the Council The President ANNEX "ANNEX I NATURAL HABITAT TYPES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST WHOSE CONSERVATION REQUIRES THE DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION Interpretation Guidance on the interpretation of habitat types is given in the 'Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats' as approved by the committee set up in Article 20 ('Habitats Committee') and published by the European Commission1. The code corresponds to the NATURA 2000 code. The sign '*' indicates priority habitat types. 1. COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC HABITATS 11. Open sea and tidal areas 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time • * Posidonia beds (Posidonion oceanicaé) Estuaries Mudflats and sandflats not covered by seawater at low tide * Coastal lagoons Large shallow inlets and bays Reefs Submarine structures made by leaking gases 12. Sea cliffs and shingle or stony beaches 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 Annual vegetation of drift lines Perennial vegetation of stony banks Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts Vegetated sea cliffs of the Mediterranean coasts with endemic Limonium spp. Vegetated sea cliffs with endemic flora of the Macaronesian coasts 13. Atlantic and continental salt marshes and salt meadows 1310 1320 1330 1340 Salicornia and other annuals colonizing mud and sand Spartina swards (Spartinion maritimi) Atlantic salt meadows (Glauco-Puccinellietalia maritimae) * Inland salt meadows 14. Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic salt marshes and salt meadows 1410 1420 1430 Mediterranean salt meadows (Juncetalia maritimi) Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic halophilous scrubs (Sarcocorneteajruticosi) Halo-nitrophilous scrubs (Pegano-Salsoleted) 1 "Interpretation manual of European Union habitats, version EUR 15" adopted by the Habitats Committee on 25 April 1996, European Commission, DGXI. 15. Salt and gypsum inland steppes 1510 1520 1530 * Mediterranean salt steppes (Limonietalia) * Iberian gypsum vegetation (Gypsophiletalid) * Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes 16. Boreal Baltic archipelago, coastal and landupheaval areas 1610 Baltic esker islands with sandy, rocky and shingle beach vegetation and sublittoral vegetation Boreal Baltic islets and small islands * Boreal Baltic coastal meadows Boreal Baltic sandy beaches with perennial vegetation Boreal Baltic narrow inlets 1620 1630 1640 1650 f 2. COASTAL SAND DUNES AND INLAND DUNES 21. Sea dunes of the Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic coasts 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 21A0 Embryonic shifting dunes Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria ('white dunes') * Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ('grey dunes') * Decalcified fixed dunes with Empetrum nigrum * Atlantic decalcified fixed dunes {Calluno-Ulicetea) Dunes with Hippophaë rhamnoides Dunes with Salix repens ssp. argentea (Salicion arenariae)i Wooded dunes of the Atlantic, Continental and Boreal region Humid dune slacks Machairs (* in Ireland) 22. Sea dunes of the Mediterranean coast 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 Crucianellion maritimae fixed beach dunes Dunes with Euphorbia terracina Malcolmietalia dune grasslands Brachypodietalia dune grasslands with annuals * Coastal dunes with Juniperus spp. Cisto-Lavenduletalia dune sclerophyllous scrubs * Wooded dunes with Pinuspinea and/or Pinuspinaster 23. Inland dunes, old and decalcified 2310 2320 2330 2340 Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Genista Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Empetrum nigrum Inland dunes with open Corynephorus and Agrostis grasslands * Pannonic inland dunes t 3. FRESHWATER HABITATS 31. Standing water 3110 Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains (Littorelletalia uniflorae) Oligothrophic waters containing very few minerals generally on sandy soils of the West Mediterranean, with Isoetes spp. Oligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters with vegetation of the Littorelletea uniflorae and/or of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea Hard oligo-mesotrophic waters with benthic vegetation of Char a spp. Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition - type vegetation Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds * Mediterranean temporary ponds *Turloughs 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 32. Running water - sections of water courses with natural or semi-natural dynamics (minor, average and major beds) where the water quality shows no significant deterioration 3210 3220 3230 3240 3250 3260 3270 3280 3290 Fennoscandian natural rivers Alpine rivers and the herbaceous vegetation along their banks Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Myricaria germanica Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Salix elaeagnos Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Glaucium flavum Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation Rivers with muddy banks with Chenopodion rubri p. p. and Bidention p. p. vegetation Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Paspalo-Agrostidion species and hanging curtains of Salix and Populus alba Intermittently flowing Mediterranean rivers of the Paspalo-Agrostidion 4. TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB 4010 4020 4030 4040 4050 4060 4070 4080 4090 Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetralix * Temperate Atlantic wet heaths with Erica ciliaris and Erica tetralix European dry heaths * Dry Atlantic coastal heaths with Erica vagans * Endemic macaronesian heaths Alpine and Boreal heaths * Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum (Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti) Sub-Arctic Salix spp. scrub Endemic oro-Mediterranean heaths with gorse 5. SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB (MATORRAL) 51. Sub-Mediterranean and temperate scrub 5110 Stable xerothermophilous formations with Buxus sempervirens on rock slopes (Berberidion p. p. ) Mountain Cytisus purgans formations Juniperus communis formations on heaths or calcareous grasslands * Cistus palhinhae formations on maritime wet heaths 5120 5130 5140 52. Mediterranean arborescent matorral 5210 5220 5230 Arborescent matorral with Juniperus spp. * Arborescent matorral with Zyziphus * Arborescent matorral with Laurus nobilis 53. Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-steppe brush 5310 5320 5330 Laurus nobilis thickets Low formations of Euphorbia close to cliffs Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub 54. Phrygana 5410 5420 5430 West Mediterranean clifftop phryganas (Astragalo-Plantaginetum subulatae) Sarcopoterium spinosum phryganas Endemic phryganas of the Euphorbio- Verbascion 10 6. N A T U R AL A ND S E M I - N A T U R AL G R A S S L A ND F O R M A T I O NS 61. Natural grasslands 6110 6120 6130 6140 6150 6160 6170 6180 * Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi * Xeric sand calcareous grasslands Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae. Siliceous Pyrenean Festuca eskia grasslands Siliceous alpine and boreal grasslands Oro-Iberian Festuca indigesta grasslands Alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands Macaronesian mesophile grasslands 62. Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland faciès 6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates (Festuco- Brometalia) (* important orchid sites) * Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea * Species-rich Nor dus grasslands, on silicious substrates in mountain areas (and submountain areas in Continental Europe) * Sub-Pannonic steppic grasslands * Pannonic loess steppic grasslands * Pannonic sand steppes * Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands * Nordic alvar and precambrian calcareous flatrocks 6220 6230 6240 6250 6260 6270 6280 63. Sclerophillous grazed forests (dehesas) Dehesas with evergreen Quercus spp. 6310 64. Semi-natural tall-herb humid meadows 6410 6420 6430 6440 6450 Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-ladensoils (Molinion caeruleae) Mediterranean tall humid grasslands of the Molinio-Holoschoenion Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the montane to alpine levels Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii Northern boreal alluvial meadows 65. Mesophile grasslands 6510 6520 6530 Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) Mountain hay meadows * Fennoscandian wooded meadows <\ 7. RAISED BOGS AND MIRES AND FENS 71. Sphagnum acid bogs 7110 7120 7130 7140 7150 7160 * Active raised bogs Degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration Blanket bogs (* if active bog) Transition mires and quaking bogs Depressions on peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion Fennoscandian mineral-rich springs and springfens 72. Calcareous fens 7210 7220 7230 7240 * Calcareous fens with Cladium mariscus and species of the Caricion davallianae * Petrifying springs with tufa formation (Cratoneurion) Alkaline fens * Alpine pioneer formations of the Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae 73. Boreal mires 7310 7320 * Aapa mires * Palsa mires 8. ROCKY HABITATS AND CAVES 81. Scree 8110 8120 8130 8140 8150 8160 Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani) Calcareous and calcshist screes of the montane to alpine levels (Thlaspietea rotundifolii) Western Mediterranean and thermophilous scree Eastern Mediterranean screes Medio-European upland siliceous screes * Medio-European calcareous scree of hill and montane levels 82. Rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation 8210 8220 8230 Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation Siliceous rock with pioneer vegetation of the Sedo-Scleranthion or of the Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii * Limestone pavements 8240 83. Other rocky habitats 8310 8320 8330 8340 Caves not open to the public Fields of lava and natural excavations Submerged or partially submerged sea caves Permanent glaciers U 9. FORESTS (Sub)natural woodland vegetation comprising native species forming forests of tall trees, with typical undergrowth, and meeting the following criteria: rare or residual, and/or hosting species of Community interest 90. Forests of Boreal Europe 9010 9020 * Western Taïga * Fennoscandian hemiboreal natural old broad-leaved deciduous forests (Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus or Ulmus) rich in epiphytes * Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast Nordic subalpine/subarctic forests with Bêtula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii Fennoscandian herb-rich forests with Picea abies Coniferous forests on, or connected to,-glaciofluvial eskers Fennoscandian wooded pastures * Fennoscandian deciduous swamp woods 91. Forests of Temperate Europe 9110 9120 Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests Atlantic acidophilous beech forests with Ilex and sometimes also Taxus in the shrublayer (Quercion robori-petraeae or Hici-Fagenion) Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests Medio-European subalpine beech woods with Acer and Rumex arifolius Medio-European limestone beech forests of the Cephalanthero-Fagion Sub-Atlantic and medio-European oak or oak-hornbeam forests of the Carpinion betuli Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests * Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines Old acidophilous oak woods with Quercus robur on sandy plains Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles Thermophilous Fraxinus angustifolia woods * Caledonian forest * Bog woodland * Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers (Ulmenion minoris) * Pannonic woods with Quercus petraea and Carpinus betulus * Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens * Euro-Siberian steppic woods with Quercus spp. * Taxus baccata woods of the British Isles 9030 9040 9050 9060 9070 9080 9130 9140 9150 9160 9170 9180 9190 91A0 91B0 91 CO 91D0 91E0 91F0 91 GO 91 HO 9110 91 JO 92. Mediterranean deciduous forests 9210 9220 9230 9240 9250 9260 9270 * Apeninne beech forests with Taxus and Ilex * Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis Galicio-Portuguese oak woods with Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica Quercus faginea and Quercus canariensis Iberian woods Quercus trojana woods Castanea sativa woods Hellenic beech forests with Abies borisii-regis <1 9280 9290 92A0 92B0 92C0 92D0 Quercus frainetto woods Cupressus forests (Acero-Cupression) Salix alba and Populus alba galleries Riparian formations on intermittent Mediterranean water courses with Rhododendron ponticum, Salix and others Platanus orientalis and Liquidambar orientalis woods (Platanion orientalis) Southern riparian galleries and thickets (Nerio-Tamaricetea and Securinegion tinctoriae) 93. Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests 9310 9320 9330 9340 9350 9360 9370 9380 Aegean Quercus brachyphylla woods Olea and Ceratonia forests Quercus suber forests Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia forests Quercus macrolepis forests * Macaronesian laurel forests (Laurus, Ocotea) * Palm groves of Phoenix Forests of Hex aquifolium 94. Temperate mountainous coniferous forests 9410 9420 9430 Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels (Vaccinio-Piceetea) Alpine Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra forests Subalpine and montane Pinus uncinata forests (* if oh gypsum or limestone) 95. Mediterranean and Macaronesian mountainous coniferous forests 9510 9520 9530 9540 9550 9560 9570 9580 * Southern Apennine Abies alba forests Abies pinsapo forests * (Sub-) Mediterranean pine forests with endemic black pines Mediterranean pine forests with endemic Mesogean pines Canarian endemic pine forests * Endemic forests with Juniperus spp. * Tetraclinis articulata forests * Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods n ANNEX II ANIMAL AND PLANT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST WHOSE CONSERVATION REQUIRES THE DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION Interpretation (a) (b) Annex II follows on from Annex I for the establishment of a consistent network of special areas of conservation. The species listed in this Annex are indicated : (c) by the name of the species or subspecies, or by the all the species belonging to a higher taxon or to a designated part of that taxon. The abbreviation 'spp. ' after the name of a family or genus designates all the species belonging to that family or genus. Symbols An asterisk (*) before the name of a species indicates that it is a priority species. Most species listed in this Annex are also listed in Annex IV. Where a species appears in this Annex but does not appear in either Annex IV or Annex V, the species name is followed by the symbol (o); where a species which appears in this Annex also appears in Annex V but does not appear in Annex IV, its name is followed by the symbol (V). (a) ANIMALS VERTEBRATES MAMMALS INSECTIVORA Talpidae Galemys pyrenaicus CHIROPTERA Rhinolophidae Rhinolophus blasii Rhinolophus euryale Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Rhinolophus hipposideros Rhinolophus mehelyi Vespertilionidae Barbastella barbastellus Miniopterus schreibersi Myotis bechsteini Myotis blythii Myotis capaccinii Myotis dasycneme K Myotis emarginatus Myotis myotis RODENTIA Sciuridae * Pteromys volans (Sciuropterus russicus) Spermophilus citellus (Citellus citellus) Castoridae Castor fiber (except the Finnish and Swedish populations) Microtidae Microtus cabrerae * Microtus oeconomus arenicola CARNIVORA Canidae * Alopex lagopus * Canis lupus (Spanish populations: only those south of the Duero; Greek populations: only south of the 39th parallel; Finnish populations excepted). Ursidae * Ursus arctos (except the Finnish and Swedish populations) Mustelidae * Gulo gulo Lutra lutra Mustela lutreola Felidae Lynx lynx (except the Finnish populations) * Lynx pardinus Phocidae Halichoerus grypus (V) * Monachus monachus Phoca hispida bottnica (o) * Phoca hispida saimensis Phoca vitulina (V) ARTIODACTYLA Cervidae * Cervus elaphus corsicanus Rangifer tarandus fennicus (o) Bovidae Capra aegagrus (natural populations) * Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica Ovis gmelini musimon (Ovis ammon musimon) (natural populations - Corsica and Sardinia) * Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata (Rupicapra rupicapra ornata) Rupicapra rupicapra balcanica CETACEA Tursiops truncatus Phocoena phocoena a REPTILES CHELONIA (TESTUDINES) Tesîudinidae Testudo hermanni Testudo graeca Testudo marginata Cheloniidae * Caretta caretta Emydidae Emys orbicularis Mauremys caspica Mauremys leprosa SAURIA Lacertidae Lacerta bonnali (Lacerta monticola) Lacerta monticola Lacerta schreiberi Gallotia galloti insulanagae * Gallotia simonyi Podarcis lilfordi Podarcis pityusensis Scincidae Chalcides simonyi (Chalcides occidentalis) Gekkonidae Phyllodactylus europaeus OPHIDIA (SERPENTES) Colubridae Elaphe quatuorlineata Elaphe situla Viperidae * Macrovipera schweizeri (Vipera lebetina schweizeri) Vipera ursinii AMPHIBIANS CAUDATA Salamandridae Chioglossa lusitanica Mertensiella luschani (Salamandra luschani) * Salamandra atra aurorae Salamandrina terdigitata Triturus carnifex (Triturus cristatus carnifex) Triturus cristatus (Triturus cristatus cristatus) Triturus dobrogicus (Triturus cristatus dobrogicus) Triturus karelinii (Triturus cristatus karelinii) Proteidae Proteus anguinus Plethodontidae Hydromantes (Speleomantes) ambrosii Hydromantes (Speleomantes) flavus n Hydromantes (Speleomantes) genei Hydromantes (Speleomantes) imperialis Hydromantes (Speleomantes) strinatii Hydromantes (Speleomantes) supramontes ANURA Discoglossidae Bombina bombina Bombina variegata Discoglossus galganoi (including Discoglossus "jeanneae") Discoglossus montalentii Discoglossus sardus * Alytes muletensis Ranidae Rana latastei Pelobatidae * Pelobates fiiscus insubricus FISHES PETROMYZONIFORMES Petromyzonidae Eudontomyzon spp. (o) Lampetra fluviatilis (V) (except the Finnish and Swedish populations) Lampetra planeri (o) (except the Finnish and Swedish populations) Lethenteron zanandreai (V) Petromyzon marinus (o) (except the Swedish populations) ACIPENSERIFORMES Acipenseridae * Acipenser naccarii * Acipenser sturio CLUPEIFORMES Clupeidae Alosa spp. (V) SALMONIFORMES Salmonidae Hucho hucho (natural populations) (V) Salmo salar (only in fresh water) (V) (except the Finnish populations) Sahno marmoratus (o) Salmo macrostigma (o) Coregonidae * Coregonus oxyrhynchus (anadromous populations in certain sectors of the North Sea) CYPRINIFORMES Cyprinidae Alburnus albidus (o) (Alburnus vulturius) Anaecypris hispanica Aspius aspius (o) (except the Finnish populations) Barbus plebejus (V) Barbus meridionalis (V) Barbus comiza (V) f& Chalcalburnus chalcoides (o) Chondrostoma soetta (o) Chondrostoma polylepis (o) (including C. willkommi) Chondrostoma genei (o) Chondrostoma lusitanicum (o) Chondrostoma toxostoma (o) Gobio albipinnatus (o) Gobio uranoscopus (o) Iberocypris palaciosi (o) *Ladigesocypris ghigii (o) Leuciscus lucumonis (o) Leuciscus souffia (o) Phoxinellus spp. (o) Rutilus pigus (o) Rutilus rubilio (o) Rutilus arcasii (o) Rutilus macrolepidotus (o) Rutilus lenMningii (o) Rutilus frisii meidingeri (o) Rutilus alburnoides (o) Rhodeus sericeus amarus (o) Scardinius graecus (o) Cobitidae Cobitis trichonica (o) Cobitis taenia (o) (except the Finnish populations) Misguraus fossilis (o) Sabanejewia aurata (o) Sabanejewia larvata (o) (Cobitis larvata and Cobitis conspersa) SILURIFORMES Siluridae Silurus aristotelis (V) ATHERINIFORMES Cyprinodontidae Aphanius iberus (o) Aphanius fasciatus (o) * Valencia hispanica * Valencia letourneuxi (Valencia hispanica) PERCIFORMES Percidae Gymnocephalus schraetzer (V) Zingel spp. [(o) except Zingel asper and Zingel zingel (V)] Gobiidae Pomatoschistus canestrini (o) Knipowitschia (Padogobius) panizzae (o) Padogobius nigricans (o) SCORPAENIFORMES Cottidae Cottus petiti (o) Cottus gobio (o) (except the Finnish populations) fS INVERTEBRATES ARTHROPODS CRUSTACEA Decapoda Austropotamobius pallipes (V) INSECTA Coleoptera Agathidium pulchellum (o) Boros schneideri (o) Buprestis splendens *Carabus menetriesi pacholei (o) * Carabus olympiae Cerambyx cerdo Corticaria planula (o) Cucujus cinnaberinus Dytiscus latissimus Graphoderus bilineatus Limoniscus violaceus (o) Lucanus cervus (o) Macroplea pubipennis (o) Mesosa myops (o) Morimus funereus (o) *Osmoderma eremita Oxyporus mannerheimii (o) Pytho kolwensis (o) •Rosalia alpina Stephanopachys linearis (o) Stephanopachys substriatus (o) Xyletinus tremulicola (o) Hemiptera Aradus angularis (o) Lepidoptera Agriades glandon aquilo (o) *Callimorpha (Euplagia, Panaxia) quadripunctaria (o) Clossiana improba (o) Coenonympha oedippus Erebia calcaria Erebia christi Erebia medusa polaris (o) Eriogaster catax Euphydryas (Eurodryas, Hypodryas) aurinia (o) Graellsia isabellae (V) Hesperia comma catena (o) Hypodryas maturna Lycaena dispar Maculinea nausithous Maculinea teleius «ào Melanargia arge Papilio hospiton Plebicula golgus Xestia borealis (o) Xestia brunneopicta (o) Mantodea Apteromantis aptera Odonata Coenagrion hylas (o) Coenagrion mercuriale (o) Cordulegaster trinacriae Gomphus graslinii I^uconhinia pectoralis Lindenia tetraphylla Macromia splendens Ophiogomphus cecilia Oxygastra curtisii Orthoptera Baetica ustulata ARACHNIDA Pseudoscorpiones Anthrenochernes stellae (o) MOLLUSCS GASTROPODA Caseolus calculus Caseolus commixta Caseolus sphaerula Discula leacockiana Discula tabellata Discus guerinianus Elona quimperiana Geomalacus maculosus Geomitra moniziana •Helicopsis striata austriaca (o) Idiomela (Helix) subplicata Leiostyla abbreviata Leiostyla cassida Leiostyla corneocostata Leiostyla gibba Leiostyla lamellosa Vertigo angustior (o) Vertigo genesii (o) Vertigo geyeri (o) Vertigo moulinsiana (o) BIVALVIA Unionoida Margaritifera durrovensis (Margaritifera margaritifera) (V) Margaritifera margaritifera (V) *1 Unio crassus (b) PLANTS PTERIDOPHYTA ASPLENIACEAE Asplenium jahandiezii (Litard. ) Rouy BLECHNACEAE Woodwardia radicans (L. ) Sm. DICKSONIACEAE Culcita macrocarpa C. Presl DRYOPTERIDACEAE Diplazium sibiricum (Turcz. ex Kunze) Kurata * Dryopteris corleyi Fraser-Jenk. Dryopteris fragans (L. ) Schott HYMENOPHYLLACEAE Trichomanes speciosum Willd. ISOETACEAE Isoetes boryana Durieu Isoetes malinverniana Ces. & De Not. MARSILEACEAE Marsilea batardae Lauiiert Marsilea quadrifolia L. Marsilea strigosa Willd. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Botrychium simplex Hitchc. Ophioglossum polyphyllum A. Braun GYMNOSPERMAE PINACEAE * Abies nebrodensis (Lojac. ) Mattei ANGIOSPERMAE ALISMATACEAE * Alisma wahlenbergii (Holmberg) Juz. Caldesia parnassifolia (L. ) Pari. Luronium natans (L. ) Raf. AMARYLLIDACEAE Leucojum nicaeense Ard. Narcissus asturiensis (Jordan) Pugsley Narcissus calcicola Mendonça Narcissus cyclamineus DC. Narcissus fernandesii G. Pedro Narcissus humilis (Cav. ) Traub * Narcissus nevadensis Pugsley Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. subsp. nobilis (Haw. ) A. Femandes Narcissus scaberulus Henriq. 22_ Narcissus triandrus L. subsp. capax (Salisb. ) D. A. Webb. Narcissus viridiflorus Schousboe BORAGINACEAE * Anchusa crispa Viv. * Lithodora nitida (H. Ern) R. Femandes Myosotis lusitanica Schuster Myosotis rehsteineri Wartm. Myosotis retusifolia R. Afonso Omphalodes kuzinskyanae Willk. * Omphalodes littoralis Lehm. Solenanthus albanicus (Degen & al. ) Degen & Baldacci * Symphytum cycladense Pawl. CAMPANULACEAE Asyneuma giganteum (Boiss. ) Bornm. * Campanula sabatia De Not. Jasione crispa (Pourret) Samp, subsp. serpentinica Pinto da Silva Jasione lusitanica A. DC. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria ciliata L. ssp. pseudofrigida Ostenf. & O. C. Dahl Arenaria humifusa Wahlenberg * Arenaria nevadensis Boiss. & Reuter Arenaria provincialis Chater & Halliday Dianthus arenarius L. subsp. arenarius Dianthus cintranus Boiss. & Reuter subsp. cintranus Boiss. & Reuter Dianthus marizii (Samp. ) Samp. Dianthus rupicola Biv. * Gypsophila papulosa P. Porta Herniaria algarvica Chaudhri * Herniaria latifolia Lapeyr. subsp. litardierei Garnis Herniaria lusitanica (Chaudhri) subsp. berlengiana Chaudhri Herniaria maritima Link Moehringia laterifolia (L. ) Fenzl. Moehringia tommasinii Marches. Petrocoptis grandiflora Rothm. Petrocoptis montsicciana O. Bolos & Rivas Mart. Petrocoptis pseudoviscosa Fernandez Casas Silène furcata Rafm. ssp. angustiflora (Rupr. ) Walters * Silène hicesiae Brullo & Signorello Silène hifacensis Rouy ex Willk. * Silène holzmanii Heldr. ex Boiss. Silène longicilia (Brot. ) Otth. Silène mariana Pau * Silène orphanidis Boiss. * Silène rothmaleri Pinto da Silva * Silène velutina Pourret ex Loisel. CHENOPODIACEAE * Bassia (Kochia) saxicola (Guss. ) A. J. Scott * Salicornia veneta Pignatti & Lausi 23> CISTACEAE Cistus palhinhae Ingram Halimium verticillatum (Brot. ) Sennen Helianthemum alypoides Losa & Rivas Goday Helianthemum caput-felis Boiss. * Tuberaria major (Willk. ) Pinto da Silva & Rozeira COMPOSITAE * Anthémis glaberrima (Rech. f. ) Greuter Artemisia campestris L. subsp. bottnica A. N. Lundstrom ex Kindb. * Artemisia granatensis Boiss. * Artemisia laciniata Willd. Artemisia oelandica (Besser) Komaror * Artemisia pancicii (Janka) Ronn. * Aster pyrenaeus Desf. ex DC * Aster sorrentinii (Tod) Lojac. * Carduus myriacanthus Salzm. ex DC. * Centaurea alba L. subsp. heldreichii (Halacsy) Dostal * Centaurea alba L. subsp. princeps (Boiss. & Heldr. ) Gugler * Centaurea attica Nyman subsp. megarensis (Halacsy & Hayek) Dostal * Centaurea balearica J. D. Rodriguez * Centaurea borjae Valdes-Berm. & Rivas Goday * Centaurea citricolor Font Quer Centaurea corymbosa Pourret Centaurea gadorensis G. Blanca * Centaurea horrida Badaro * Centaurea kalambakensis Freyn & Sint. Centaurea kartschiana Scop. * Centaurea lactiflora Halacsy Centaurea micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link subsp. herminii (Rouy) Dostal * Centaurea niederi Heldr. * Centaurea peucedanifolia Boiss. & Orph. * Centaurea pinnata Pau Centaurea pulvinata (G. Blanca) G. Blanca Centaurea rothmalerana (Arènes) Dostal Centaurea vicentina Mariz * Crépis crocifolia Boiss. & Heldr. Crépis granatensis (Willk. ) B. Blanca & M. Cueto Crépis tectorum L. subsp. nigrescens Erigeron frigidus Boiss. ex DC. Hymenostemma pseudanthemis (Kunze) Willd. * Jurinea cyanoides (L. ) Reichenb. * Jurinea fontqueri Cuatrec. * Lamyropsis microcephala (Moris) Dittrich & Greuter Leontodon microcephalus (Boiss. ex DC. ) Boiss. Leontodon boryi Boiss. * Leontodon siculus (Guss. ) Finch & Sell Leuzea longifolia Hoffmanns. & Link Ligularia sibirica (L. ) Cass. Santolina impressa Hoffmanns. & Link ^<r Santolina semidentata Hoffmanns. & Link * Senecio elodes Boiss. ex DC. Senecio jacobea L. subsp. gotlandicus (Neuman) Sterner Senecio nevadensis Boiss. & Reuter CONVOLVULACEAE * Convolvulus argyrothamnus Greuter * Convolvulus fernandesii Pinto da Silva & Teles CRUCIFERAE Alyssum pyrenaicum Lapeyr. Arabis sadina (Samp. ) P. Cout. * Biscutella neustriaca Bonnet Biscutella vincentina (Samp. ) Rothm. Boleum asperum (Pers. ) Des vaux Brassica glabrescens Poldini Brassica insularis Moris * Brassica macrocarpa Guss. Braya linearis Rouy * Coincya rupestris Rouy * Coronopus navasii Pau Diplotaxis ibicensis (Pau) Gomez-Campo * Diplotaxis siettiana Maire Diplotaxis vicentina (P. Cout. ) Rothm. Draba cacuminum Elis Ekman Draba cinerea Adams Erucastrum palustre (Pirona) Vis. * Iberis arbuscula Runemark Iberis procumbens Lange subsp. microcarpa Franco & Pinto da Silva * Jonopsidium acaule (Desf. ) Reichenb. Jonopsidium savianum (Caruel) Ball ex Arcang. Rhynchosinapis erucastrum (L. ) Dandy ex Clapham subsp. cintrana (Coutinho) Franco & P. Silva (Coincya cintrana (P. Cout. ) Pinto da Silva) Sisymbrium cavanillesianum Valdes & Castroviejo Sisymbrium supinum L. CYPERACEAE Carex holostoma Drejer * Carex panormitana Guss. Eleocnaris carniolica Koch DIOSCOREACEAE * Borderea chouardii (Gaussen) Heslot DROSERACEAE Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. EUPHORBIACEAE * Euphorbia margalidiana Kuhbier & Lewejohann Eurphorbia transtagana Boiss. GENTIANACEAE * Centaurium rigualii Esteve * Centaurium somedanum Lainz Gentiana ligustica R. de Vilm. & Chopinet Gentianella angelica (Pugsley) E. F. Warburg 2S GERANIACEAE * Erodium astragaloides Boiss. & Reuter Erodium paularense Fernandez-Gonzalez & Izco * Erodium rupicola Boiss. GLOBULARIACEAE •Globularia stygia Orph. ex Boiss. GRAMINEAE Arctagrostis latifolia (R. Br. ) Griseb. Arctophila fulva (Trin. ) N. J. Anderson Avenula hackelii (Henriq. ) Holub Bromus grossus Desf. ex DC. Calamagrostis chalybaea (Laest. ) Fries Cinna latifolia (Trev. ) Griseb. Coleanthus subtilis (Tratt. ) Seidl Festuca brigantina (Markgr. -Dannenb. ) Markgr. -Dannenb. Festuca duriotagana Franco & R. Afonso Festuca elegans Boiss. Festuca henriquesii Hack. Festuca summilusitanica Franco & R. Afonso Gaudinia hispanica Stace & Turin Holcus setiglumis Boiss. & Reuter subsp. duriensis Pinto da Silva Micropyropsis tuberosa Romero - Zarco & Cabezudo Pseudarrhenatherum pallens (Link) J. Holub Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin. ) Scribner + Merr. Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero * Stipa austroitalica Martinovsky * Stipa bavarica Martinovsky & H. Scholz * Stipa styriaca Martinovsky * Stipa veneta Moraldo Trisetum subalpestre (Hartman) Neuman GROSSULARIACEAE * Ribes sardoum Martelli HIPPURIDACEAE Hippuris tetraphylla L. Fil. HYPERICACEAE * Hypericum aciferum (Greuter) N. K. B. Robson JUNCACEAE Juncus valvatus Link Luzula arctica Blytt LABIATAE Dracocephalum austriacum L. * Micromeria taygetea P. H. Davis Nepeta dirphya (Boiss. ) Heldr. ex Halacsy * Nepeta sphaciotica P. H. Davis Origanum dictamnus L. Sideritis incana subsp. glauca (Cav. ) Malagarriga Sideritis javalambrensis Pau Sideritis serrata Cav. ex Lag. Teucrium lepicephalum Pau 2fc Teucrium turredanum Losa & Rivas Goday * Thymus camphoratus Hoffmanns. & Link Thymus carnosus Boiss. * Thymus lotocephalus G. Lôpez & R. Morales (Thymus cephalotos L. ) LEGUMINOSAE Anthyllis hystrix Cardona, Contandr. & E. Sierra * Astragalus algarbiensis Coss. ex Bunge * Astragalus aquilanus Anzalone Astragalus centralpinus Braun-Blanquet * Astragalus maritimus Moris Astragalus tremolsianus Pau •Astragalus verrucosus Moris *Cytisus aeolicus Guss. ex Lindl. Genista dorycnifolia Font Quer Genista holopetala (Fleischm. ex Koch) Baldacci Melilotus segetalis (Brot. ) Ser. subsp. fallax Franco •Ononis hackelii Lange Trifolium saxatile All. *Vicia bifoliolata J. D. Rodriguez LENTIBULARIACEAE Pinguicula nevadensis (Lindb. ) Casper LILIACEAE Allium grosii Font Quer •Androcymbium rechingeri Greuter •Asphodelus bento-rainhae P. Silva Hyacinthoides vicentina (Hoffmans. & Link) Rothm. •Muscari gussonei (Pari. ) Tod. LINACEAE *Linum muelleri Moris (Linum maritimum muelleri) LYTHRACEAE *Lythrum flexuosum Lag. MALVACEAE Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L. ) Ledeb. NAJADACEAE Najas flexilis (Willd. ) Rostk. & W. L. Schmidt Najas tenuissima (A. Braun) Magnus ORCHIDACEAE Calypso bulbosa L. *Cepnalanthera cucullata Boiss. & Heldr. Cypripedium calceolus L. Gymnigritella runei Teppner & Klein Liparis loeselii (L. ) Rich. *Ophrys lunulata Pari. Platanthera obtusata (Pursh) subsp. oligantha (Turez. ) Hulten PAEONIACEAE Paeonia cambessedesii (Willk. ) Willk. Paeonia parnassica Tzanoudakis Paeonia clusii F. C. Stem subsp. rhodia (Steam) Tzanoudakis 2f PALMAE Phoenix theophrasti Greuter PAPAVERACEAE Corydalis gotlandica Lidén Papaver laestadianum (Nordh. ) Nordh. Papaver radicatum Rottb. subsp. hyperboreum Nordh. PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago algarbiensis Sampaio (Plantago bracteosa (Willk. ) G. Sampaio) Plantago almogravensis Franco PLUMBAGINACEAE Armeria berlengensis Daveau •Armeria helodes Martini & Pold Armeria neglecta Girard Armeria pseudarmeria (Murray) Mansfeld •Armeria rouyana Daveau Armeria soleirolii (Duby) Godron Armeria velutina Welw. ex Boiss. & Reuter Limonium dodartii (Girard) O. Kuntze subsp. lusitanicum (Daveau) Franco *Limonium insulare (Beg. & Landi) Arrig. & Diana Limonium lanceolatum (Hoffmans. & Link) Franco Limonium multiflorum Erben •Limonium pseudolaetum Arrig. & Diana * Limonium strictissimum (Salzmann) Arrig. POLYGONACEAE Persicaria foliosa (H. Lindb. ) Kitag. Polygonum praelongum Coode & Cullen Rumex rupestris Le Gall PRIMULACEAE Androsace mathildae Levier Androsace pyrenaica Lam. •Primula apennina Widmer Primula nutans Georgi Primula palinuri Petagna Primula scandinavica Bruun Soldanella villosa Darracq. RANUNCULACEAE •Aconitum corsicum Gayer (Aconitum napellus subsp. corsicum) Adonis distorta Ten. Aquilegia bertolonii Schott Aquilegia kitaibelii Schott •Aquilegia pyrenaica D. C. subsp. cazorlensis (Heywood) Galiano •Consolida samia P. H. Davis Pulsatilla patens (L. ) Miller Ranunculus lapponicus L. Pulsatilla vulgaris Hill, subsp. gotlandica (Johanss. ) Zaemelis & Paegle •Ranunculus weyleri Mares RESEDACEAE •Reseda decursiva Forssk. 2& ROSACEAE Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour Potentilla delphinensis Gren. & Godron Sorbus teodorii Liljefors RUBIACEAE •Galium litorale Guss. •Galium viridiflorum Boiss. & Reuter SALICACEAE Salix salvifolia Brot. subsp. australis Franco SANTALACEAE Thesium ebracteatum Hayne SAXIFRAGACEAE Saxifraga berica (Beguinot) D. A. Webb Saxifraga florulenta Moretti Saxifraga hirculus L. Saxifraga osloensis Knaben Saxifraga tombeanensis Boiss. ex Engl. SCROPHULARIACEAE Antinhinum charidemi Lange Chaenorrhinum serpyllifolium (Lange) Lange subsp. lusitanicum R. Femandes •Euphrasia genargentea (Feoli) Diana Euphrasia marchesettii Wettst. ex Marches. Linaria algarviana Chav. Linaria coutinhoi Valdés •Linaria ficalhoana Rouy Linaria flava (Poiret) Desf. •Linaria hellenica Turrill •Linaria ricardoi Cout. •Linaria tursica B. Valdes & Cabezudo Linaria tonzigii Lona Odontites granatensis Boiss. Verbascum litigiosum Samp. Veronica micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link •Veronica oetaea L. -A. Gustavsson SOLANACEAE •Atropa baetica Willk. THYMELAEACEAE Daphne petraea Leybold •Daphne rodriguezii Texidor ULMACEAE Zelkova abelicea (Lam. ) Boiss. UMBELLIFERAE • Angelica heterocarpa Lloyd Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffm. • Apium bermejoi Llorens Apium repens (Jacq. ) Lag. Athamanta cortiana Ferrarini • Bupleurum capillare Boiss. & Heldr. 24 • Bupleurum kakiskalae Greuter EryngiumalpinumL. • Eryngium viviparum Gay • Laserpitium longiradium Boiss. • Naufraga balearica Constans & Cannon • Oenanthe conioides Lange Petagnia saniculifolia Guss. Rouya polygama (Desf. ) Coincy • Seseli intricatum Boiss. Thorella verticUlatinundata (Thore) Briq. VALERIANACEAE Centranthus trinervis (Viv. ) Beguinot VIOLACEAE • Viola hispida Lam. Viola jaubertiana Mares & Vigineix Viola rupestris F. W. Schmidt subsp. relicta Jalas Lower plants BRYOPHYTA Bruchia vogesiaca Schwaegr. (o) Bryhnia novae-angliae (Sull & Lesq. ) Grout (o) •Bryoerythrophyllum campylocarpum (C. Mull. ) Crum. (Bryœrythrophyllum machadoanum (Sergio) M. O. Hill)) (o) Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ) Moug. & Nestl. (o) Cephalozia macounii (Aust. ) Aust. (o) Cynodontium suecicum (H. Am. & C. Jens. ) I. Hag. (o) Dichelyma capillaceum (Dicks) Myr. (o) Dicranum viride (Sull. & Lesq. ) Lindb. (o) Distichophyllum carinatum Dix. & Nich. (o) Drepanocladus (Hamatocaulis) verrucosus (Mitt. ) Warnst. (o) Encalypta mutica (I. Hagen) (o) Hamatocaulis lapponicus (Norrl. ) Hedenas (o) Herzogiella turfacea (Lindb. ) I. Wats, (o) Hygrohypnum montanum (Lindb. ) Broth, (o) Jungermannia handelii (Schiffh. ) Amak. (o) Mannia triandra (Scop. ) Grolle (o) • Marsupella profunda Lindb. (o) Meesia longiseta Hedw. (o) Nothothylas orbicularis (Schwein. ) Sull. (o) Orthothecium lapponicum (Schimp. ) C. Hartm. (o) Orthotrichum rogeri Brid. (o) Petalophyllum ralfsii (Wils. ) Nees & Gott. (o) Plagiomnium drummondii (Bruch & Schimp. ) T. Kop. (o) Riccia breidleri Jur. (o) Riella helicophylla (Bory & Mont. ) Mont, (o) Scapania massolongi (K. Mull. ) K. Mull, (o) Sphagnum pylaisii Brid. (o) Tayloria rudolphiana (Garov) B. & S. (o) Tortella rigens (N. Alberts) (o) SPECIES FOR MACARONESIA PTERIDOPHYTA HYMENOPHYLLACEAE Hymenophyllum maderensis Gibby & Lovis DRYOPTERIDACEAE • Polystichum drepanum (Sw. ) C. Presl. ISOETACEAE Isoetes azorica Durieu & Paiva ex Milde MARSILEACEAE • Marsilea azorica Launert & Paiva ANGIOSPERMAE ASCLEPIADACEAE Caralluma burchardii N. E. Brown •Ceropegia chrysantha Svent. BORAGINACEAE Echium candicans L. til. • Echium gentianoides Webb & Coincy Myosotis azorica H. C. Watson Myosotis maritima Hochst. in Seub. CAMPANULACEAE • Azorina vidalii (H. C. Watson) Feer Musschia aurea (L. f. ) DC. • Musschia wollastonii Lowe CAPRIFOLIACEAE • Sambucus palmensis Link CARYOPHYLLACEAE Spergularia azorica (Kindb. ) Lebel CELASTRACEAE Maytenus umbellata (R. Br. ) Mabb. CHENOPODIACEAE Beta patula Ait. CISTACEAE Cistus chinamadensis Banares & Romero • Helianthemum bystropogophyllum Svent. COMPOSITAE Andryala crithmifolia Ait. • Argyranthemum lidii Humphries Argyranthemum thalassophylum (Svent. ) Hump. Argyranthemum winterii (Svent. ) Humphries • Atractylis arbuscula Svent. & Michaelis Atractylis preauxiana Schultz. Calendula maderensis DC. Cheirolophus duranii (Burchard) Holub 3>1 Cheirolophus ghomerytus (Svent. ) Holub Cheirolophus junonianus (Svent. ) Holub Cheirolophus massonianus (Lowe) Hansen & Sund. Cirsium latifolium Lowe Helichrysum gossypinum Webb Helichrysum oligocephala (Svent. & Bzamw. ) • Lactuca watsoniana Trel. • Onopordum nogalesii Svent. • Onorpordum carduelinum Bolle • Pericallis hadrosoma Svent. Phagnalon benettii Lowe Stemmacantha cynaroides (Chr. Son. in Buch) Ditt Sventenia bupleuroides Font Quer • Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum Webb & Berth CONVOLVULACEAE • Convolvulus caput-medusae Lowe • Convolvulus lopez-socasii Svent. • Convolvulus massonii A. Dietr. CRASSULACEAE Aeonium gomeraense Praeger Aeonium saundersii Bolle Aichryson dumosum (Lowe) Praeg. Monanthes wildpretii Banares & Scholz Sedum brissemoretii Raymond-Hamet CRUCIFERAE • Crambe arborea Webb ex Christ Crambe laevigata DC. ex Christ • Crambe sventenii R. Petters ex Bramwell & Sund. • Parolinia schizogynoides Svent. Sinapidendron rupestre (Ait. ) Lowe CYPERACEAE Carex malato-belizii Raymond DIPSACACEAE Scabiosa nitens Roemer & J. A. Schultes ERICACEAE Erica scoparia L. subsp. azorica (Hochst. ) D. A. Webb EUPHORBIACEAE • Euphorbia handiensis Burchard Euphorbia lambii Svent. Euphorbia stygiana H. C. Watson GERANIACEAE • Geranium maderense P. F. Yeo GRAMINEAE Deschampsia maderensis (Haeck. & Bom. ) Buschm. Phalaris maderensis (Menezes) Menezes GLOBULARIACEAE • Globularia ascanii D. Bramwell & Kunkel • Globularia sarcophylla Svent. 3^ LABIATAE • Sideritis cystosiphon Svent. •Sideritis discolor (Webb ex de Noe) Bolle Sideritis infernalis Bolle Sideritis marmorea Bolle Teucrium abutiloides L'Hér. Teucrium betonicum L'Hér. LEGUMINOSAE • Anagyris latifolia Brouss. ex. Willd. Anthyllis lemanniana Lowe • Dorycnium spectabile Webb & Berthel • Lotus azoricus P. W. Ball Lotus callis-viridis D. Bramwell & D. H. Davis • Lotus kunkelii (E. Chueca) D. Bramwell & al. • Teline rosmarinifolia Webb & Berthel. • Teline salsoloides Arco & Acebes. Vicia dennesiana H. C. Watson LILIACEAE • Androcymbium psammophilum Svent. Scilla maderensis Menezes Semele maderensis Costa LORANTHACEAE Arceuthobium azoricum Wiens & Hawksw. MYRICACEAE • Myrica rivas-martinezii Santos. OLEACEAE Jasminum azoricum L. Picconia azorica (Turin) Knobl. ORCHIDACEAE Goodyera macrophylla Lowe PITTOSPORACEAE • Pittosporum coriaceum Dryand. ex. Ait. PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago malato-belizii Lawalree PLUMBAGINACEAE • Limonium arborescens (Brouss. ) Kuntze Limonium dendroides Svent. • Limonium spectabile (Svent. ) Kunkel & Sunding • Limonium sventenii Santos & Fernandez Galvan POLYGONACEAE Rumex azoricus Rech. fil. RHAMNACEAE Frangula azorica Tutin ROSACEAE • Bencomia brachystachya Svent. Bencomia sphaerocarpa Svent. • Chamaemeles coriacea Lindl. Dendriopoterium pulidoi Svent. Marcetella maderensis (Bom. ) Svent. 32 Prunus lusitanica L. subsp. azorica (Mouillef. ) Franco Sorbus maderensis (Lowe) Dode SANTALACEAE Kunkeliella subsucculenta Kammer SCROPHULARIACEAE • Euphrasia azorica H. C. Watson Euphrasia grandiflora Hochst. in Seub. • Isoplexis chalcantha Svent. & O'Shanahan Isoplexis isabelliana (Webb & Berthel. ) Masferrer Odontites holliana (Lowe) Benth. Sibthorpia peregrina L. SOLANACEAE • Solanum lidii Sunding UMBELLIFERAE Ammi trifoliatum (H. C. Watson) Trelease Bupleurum handiense (Bolle) Kunkel Chaerophyllum azoricum Trelease Ferula latipinna Santos Melanoselinum decipiens (Schrader & Wendl. ) Hoffm. Monizia edulis Lowe Oenanthe divaricata (R. Br. ) Mabb. Sanicula azorica Guthnick ex Seub. VIOLACEAE Viola paradoxa Lowe Lower plants BRYOPHYTA • Echinodium spinosum (Mitt. ) Jur. (o) • Thamnobryum fernandesii Sergio (o) " 3«f ISSN 0254-1475 COM(97) 195 final DOCUMENTS EN 14 15 03 Catalogue number : CB-CO-97-211-EN-C ISBN 92-78-19665-7 Office for Official Publications of the European Communities L-2985 Luxembourg 3: