II aa1 fhe Nnion

T OW IHIe UNfJll. TARIFF No. 4.
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 TARIFF No. 1.

 mescm tar0 coilsidered-H is pro- |irs torif ta aH us .fcatmcS.-Dustcs talorem, mininutua, and specifc- Those |rs crplai,ted.-injnstice and oppres- b praciiced uader he minimum end spc- k ddics.-Hiustratjons by facls.

 my last communication, 1 attempted to |n the principles which mark and dis |sh tariff for revenue from one for |ion, defining what l deemed a reee- |nd what a protectiUe tatiif.

 his number propose to consider the mental principles and the peculiar char |siics of the existing tariff, which is the surviving monument of the inglorious sastrous reign of whiggery in 18I2. |he first place, 1t is, inf all its leading |s, a pfoieefiee tariG. Deducing con from it's most important provisions, enacted mainly for the express pur- |af benefting and enriching the manu- |ng capitalists of the country at the |se of all other classes Of our citizens. MAN UFACTURER'S TARIFF-de- |by the manufacturers, voted for i'll Con- by manufacturers, and designed to ben |nufacturing capital and other capital |expense Of consumption and labor.- [riminates in favor of the manufactu- Eainst the producer Of the raw material, E lhe farmer. It also discriminates in |of the rich consumer against the poor |ner. It's whole tendency is to build |iiariify capital in this country; thus (shing the basest, most sordId, most Hing of all aristocracies-a moacyed |facy-at the expense of the imporer- |lt and degradation of the masses of |ople. This Is its character, and this |leney, as a careful and thorough anal all its provisions will most clearly . lt Is my purpose, now, to go into r |alysis, Iand to demonstrate the propo- l have laid down.

 biting, duty free, articles imported for |nefl of the United States, philosophi- ! Earatus for schools and colleges, cer- |tcles used by the manufacturers in |nsiness, tea and coffee, Improperly |ed from duty, in consequence of the . F0us appeals, perhaps, of partisans of Eqies to the prejudices of the people, | pd silver, and few minor articles. 1t on all other articles rates of duty \ 10 ad valorem, ranging from about Fent to over 3 per cent, as appears /. |rual importations since its passage, duties which 1t imposes are. of three fions, viz ad valorem, minimum, and

 In order to enable those not con !. with the precise meaning of these Tt Is necessary that should go into explanation of them, illustrating, by ', the justice of the first, and the in- and enormiiy of the two last.

 he ad ralorem duty. The term 'ad IS Latin term, which means ia 0on 10 the caluc. Thus, when com

 Is charged with a duty of 90 per

 valorem, the importer has to pay at

 om- house $50 for every Sl00 of it's

 Il the duty is 20 per cent, he pays

 every Sl00; and, of 10 per cent,

 every 5100 m value of the article

 a' Thus it is evident that this de-

 ol duty is a just and an honest du-

 lle articles are of a cheap descrip-

 ey are of less value, and, of course,

 duty. If they are valuable and @ey pay a niger duty in proportion. eFson who purchases the articles im-

 whether cheap or dear, pays q duty

 Foporllon to its value. To illus

 orc clearly; Suppose that silks were

 With duty af 90 per cent ad valo-

 that two pieces were imported

 rSd at 30 cents per yard, the other at

 under this description of duty, the

 S9o purchased yard of the cheap

 alu nave to pay only l5 cents duty;

 person who bought the dear silk

 ave to pay 30 cents-just double the

 because the value is double; but

 1les paying only a duty of 30 per

 saIorem. Thus an ad-ra7orcm duty

 n may be the rate, falls eqaalfg and

 @%y4Pon % al coasumerS-ihe Aiad and |

 ss ss rteh aad tie poor. It is the on-

 u duty which an honest, republican

 40uia ever submit to, or to tolerate.

 ' @''.Hum duty. This, in the lan-

 @I ne lramers of the tariff of I842,

 n.ed aa an ad-valorem duty; but, while

 'o that character, it is mere men,

 n1aala,aleht, s'll, and cheating legislative

 A.. eolleet duty, in some instances

 aMes higher than it prolesses to

 IS also a Latin word, which |

 s';a. @'allest quantity possible. In the

 anli' a t applies only to cotton lab-

 ,sl ans There are three minimums

 ps;,. ny to fabrics, ali or a part of which

 mslz; the 20-cents, 30-cents, andl

 r','iiums; and two which apply 1

 salns--vlz: the 60-cents and 75-

 SSWing IS the mode in which these I~;Ii %Iies are levied. To explain the

 sp@l @n' take, for instance, coarse cot

 Ehieh cost 3 cents per yard in

 all ans, ne present tariff professes to ias to'lon manufactures, coarse as

 h of imported into this country, on- o, oV per cent. ad valorem-that sre, 'aefy ,y Sl00 of value imported.

 'ud' Were the actual duty levied |