BERLIN, July %, 1916.
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this quarter of the globe, nor is there any appear
ance of the peace and tranquility of Prussia being
disturbed either bv war OF rumors OF war but the
rellg Gus horizon is not SO clear.


At the present moment public attention IS chiefly
engrossed by questions OF internal policy, such
the manufacturing interest," the construction OF rail-
roads, and other improvements. The situation OF
the industrious classes gives rise TO many complaints
The operatives suffer severely by the reduction OF
wages and the master manufacturers cannot afford
to raise them, as the prices of all goods, cotton,
llnen and silk, low hardly 10 leave any
profit These circumstances have led to meetings
oi several OF the principal manufacturers from diff
fe.en parts OF the country, who have concluded on
peuoning the governments Of the Zollverein for ad-
dltIonal protection by laying higher duties foreign
goods. II is not Improbable that radical change
IN the system will ensue, and more especially in the
practice of charging the duties by weight, which is
liable to many objections Thus the finer and lighter
fabrics are admitted comparatively at a r1ng duty,
which hardly enhances the price OF the article (such
as the fine musllns of France and England, fashion
able light silk goods, &c. &c) although the wealthy
classes would purchase them even if the prices
good deal higher Common English caicoes, on
the other hand. are subject 10 an enormous duty,
and the lower orders are compelled, therefore, to
put up with inferior article OF this countrys man.
utacturc. The next branch calling for higher pro-
tecuve duties, are the cotton, linen and woollen
spinning taconeS The importation OF cotton twist
from England into the Zollverein has gone on in
creasng tor several years, till 1t has reached about
100000 cwt, in 1914. There are indeed number
OF spinning establishments in this country but they





ther in quantity in quality, the amount produced
being hardly fourth, and the numbers they spin
not higher than COS 1t is argued, however, that II
the duty on importation (Which since 1878 has been
two Prussian dollars on 100 lbs were raised to eight
Prussian dollars 100 lbs. many spinning mills
would be established within the limits OF the Zoll
vereln to supply all the demands OF the weavers
besides the impulse that would be gwen to naviga
tion by importing $4,000 cwt. of cottonwood in
Prussian ships from the cottengrowing countries
the other side of the Atlantic, direct to Prussan ports
nt hty ~ Inra ,h,rvh
The lnen-thread used in Germany is nearly all
spun by hand, small quantity only by machinery.
You are not aware that spinning flax by machinery
is but OF recent invention England, where 1t has
been brought t0reat Perfection and large quantities
of linen yarn are annually exported thence to
all parts of the globe. The importation into this
country amounted last year to upwards of 10000
cwt. Before this immense increase OF spinning
mills for linen-thread, considerable amount of
and-spun yarn was exported from Germany to Eng
land, and the change OF circumstances not being
toreseen at the tlme, 1t was thought unnecessary to
provide against the Importation of that article, and
the duty was fixed at only half Prussian dollar per
100 lbs. Since the introduction of machinery, how
ever, a complete revolution has taken place the
German handspun thread Is no longer exported, and
many districts, where flax s spun in the old fash
ioned way by distaff and spinning wheel, (for in
stance in Silesia and Westphaa, where whole VII
lagos and communities get their living by it) have
gradually lost their customers In the last eight or
ten years, as 1t was found that the linen manufac
tured OF machine yarn looked more even, and had



They are now clamoring for protective duty, and
it proposed to charge four Prussan dollars for 100
lbs on unbleached linen yarn, and five Prusslan
dollars on beached and dyed Woollen warn is
also imported from England in large quantities for
the manufacture of stufs and hosiery, exceeding
even The linen yarn IN amount In this department,
swell as IN the former, there have been many
spinning mills established in various parts OF the
Zollvercin, but not sufficient for the consumption
else helr machinery is not adapted for producing the
different sorts required for the wooen stufls now in
r,~s he lffp pnn rftnIn hos honn
hall Prussian dollar per 100 lbs; 1t is now proposed
to raise II five dollars.


meeting of delegates from all the States of the
Zollvereln assembled lately at Carsruhe Tin the
Grand Duchy of Baden), for the purpose of consult
ing the various alterations which to be adopt
ted in the tariff system. To this conference petit
tions have poured in from all quarters, praying .or
further protection all the articles enumerated,
and many others " too tedious to mention"


The duty on foreign iron was raised last year
already; this affects some of the railroad companies
considerably, who did not take higher duties into
calculation, when they contracted for their rails In
England. An application has been made to Govern
ment IN consequence by one OF the companies, ask
ing permission to import their rails at the lower rate
OF duty, they ordered under the old system,
and would thus be subject kind of erpost fdcto
law; but it is not likely this petition will be granted
On the whole there seems to be no doubt that the
scale of duties will be raised, Of the higher
powers are IN favor OF IL, and great jealousy Is
tertaned of the English manufacture.


The religious movement in Germany, of which |
gave you some account in my last, is going ahead
with considerable force and spirit. A number of
Roman Catholic priests have joined the new church,
some OF whom are men OF emlnence and literary
talent; tor instance, DIR. Schneider at Frleburg In
Baden, who Professor OF Catholic Theology at
that University, but has formally renounced
his allegiance to the Papa See. The same step was
taken by learned eccles of Brcsau, Sesa,
Professor Thener, who has lately Joined the Ger
man Catholic Church. This sect cannot fail to ac-
qure great consideration by men OF such abilities
taking the lead, and accordingly find it progress
mt Arol lnurf nj rn-
testant Germany II has penetrated to Wurtemberg,
Hesse, Darmstadt, the Electorate of Hesse, and the
free city OF Frankfort, where congregations have
been established, and the Protestant churches are
opened to them with the sanction OF the authorities,
to perform their service in, during those hours OF
the sabbath when they occupied by the regu-
lar congregations. Ronge and Czerski continue to
visit the cities and towns OF Prussia, and oficlae
as preachers to the church, assisting at the
same time in the selection of resident cergymen
from such Roman Catholic priests as have seeded
and declared for the reform. AT Breslau, the mem
bers OF this sect amount already to 5000 from pop
uatlon OF about 1900, where of about 10000 are
Roman Catholics. The Prusslan minister OF reli-
gious affairs M Eichhorn, does not appeal TO view
them with very favorable eye, having refused
hitherto TO allow the Protestant churches under his
jurisdiction, to be used by the German Catholics,
Cor Apostolic CahoLc Christians as they call them
selves) but the public in general take great an
interest in them, thu. he will scarcely be able to
hold out much longer In the time their SER
vice is performed in the open air, in fields, church.
yards and gardens, or else IN private departments
In this city, the members amount to about 2OO0 and
they have elected clergyman of the name OF
Brauner, who was formerly Catholic priest in Bo-
hemia, and gives great satisfaction. No other place
OF worship being open to them, they have been ac-
commodated with the lecture room OF the Gymna-
sum (College) but this holds only 700 persons and
is generally crowded


The King and Queen are gone TO the Rhenish pro-
vinces, where they expect to meet Queen Victoria
al the romantic palace OF Stozenfels, Coblence,
on the Rhine. crowd OF princes and potentates
will be ready to receive her, and a succession ol
splendid fetes and entertainments will grace her ar
rival This will probably take place early next
month, after her Majesty has first visited Coburg
Prince Alberts birthplace, which she is very anx.
inua and where she will stau ahIaut ,rsaL