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sds
York; Hon. Richard Brodhead OF Pennsylvania; General
James Carson, OF Virginia; Lund Washington, r Esq
D JOHN M. MccALLA. Chief Marshal.


TwENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS-.


SECOND SESSION.


In Senate


EVENING SESSION.


WARRINGTON, March i, l845.


The Senate considered various reports, chiefly
upon private cases, when


The House bill was resumed for the admission
OF Iowa and Florida into the Union.


Mr.. CHoATE said that his colleague, who il was
understood was desirous OF addressing the Senate,
was suddenly and seriously indisposed, and could
not appear in his place. Mr.. G. said that he was
not disposed to exhaust the time of the Senate,
nor to resist the current by which we were all
borne along, nor the approach of the inevitable
hour for, the passage OF this bill. Yet he could
have wished that these two cases, so totally dis
tlnct had been presented in two separate bills
II Was the flrst time under the Constitution that
two States were ever proposed to be admitted by
the same bill into the Union. This bill placed
MGassachusetts y. IN an unpleasant situation. Two
States were to be admitted in one and the same
bill, against the terms and Constitution of one
Massachusetts was compelled to stand, while
tor the admission OF Iowa she would cheerfully
not sanction. the terms Of the admission Of Flor
ida, even if in her resistance Iowa should be re-
jected. In the future, this fact might be brought
against Massachusetts, without the circumstances





opposed to the admission OF any State into the
Union. Mr.. Choate read the resolutions adopted
in Florida against the admission Of any new State
from the north, unless counterbalancins State be
admitted from the South. Then he referred to the
Texas resolution, which he said was passed by
blending two schemes together, neither of which
would have received q majority OF the Senate, but
either OF which would have fallen to the ground Of
itself. The Texas resolution was therefore adopt
ed by the President and minority Of the Senate !:
tor, suppose the President should choose to- act
upon the JOINT resolution from the House, which
could not have received itself majority Of this
Senate, would not Texas be admitted into the
Union by minority OF the Senate, instead oftwo-
thirds, or even the constitutional minimum of a
large Of France, capable OF being cut up into forty
such States as1Massachusetts in territory, and
equal to five of the largest class. Where is the bal
ance to be found against this unconstitutional ac-
found in the hearts Of the American people, it
could be found nowhere. Mr.. Choate reviewed
the unconsttntionaty and injustice of the provi-
sIons OF the Florida constitution, proposed to be
stricken out by Mr.. Evans) and spoke very feel
,lngly OF the seventies that would arise under the
law prohibiting colored seamen to land upon the
shores OF Florida; and the disadvantage it would
be to Florida, to be dispossessed of the power TO
emancipate her slaves, in the future, by this pro-
hibition In her constitution. Mr.. C. maintained
that the powerto regulate commerce conferred upon
Congress had been exercised 80 as to give liberty
to seamen to 60 on shore at any port. or at any
part Of the coast Of the United States, as their
safety, or their legitimate business might suggest;
and that this provision tor prohibiting coored sea-
men from landing in Florida confiicted with the
constitutional power of Congress to regulate COM
merce, DC.


Mr.. ARCHER contended that the law of self.
preservation was stronger than any constitutional
authority. 1t was a law above all laws Mr.. A.
proceeded to denOunce the fanatics of the North !;
apd the necessities that had been created for the
South TO protect herself against invasons upon her
safety from these and all other incendiaries. Mr..
A. towards the close OF his remarks, said substan-
TALLY that they were NO patriots who would from
their hearts wantony persist in the spirit which had
been shadowed forth by the Senators opposing this
State Constitution Of Florida


Mr.. EVANS earnestly resisted this charge. The
Senator from Virginia says they are no patriots
who


Mr.. ARCHER interposed word


Mr.. EVANS said that the Senator had declared
they were no patriots who would deliberately re-
sist these features Of the Florida Constitution
The CHAIR said he did not understand the Sena-
tor from Virginia In this Light and with some re-
marks between Mr.. Archer and the Chair, Mr.. Ar
cher said he could not explain, and would not, un-
less the Senator from Maine spoke in a different
tone OF voice.


Mr.. EVANS said that he had offered an amend
ment and had spoken upon it, and that the Senator
from Virginia had said they were patriots who
would wantlng'y persist In such course: He
spoke in no tone, and demanded no explanation.


MI. ARCHER then said he would give an explana-
ton from his own volition, and did it accordingly,
dsclaming any disrespect to the Honorable Sena-
tor, &c.


Mr.. EVANS passed all that matter by, and reca-
ptuated his objections to this Florida Constitution,
urging upon his colleague to regard the instructions
Of his Legislature, "that they shall use their beet
efforts to secure the repeal of all laws in all States
and Territories" fthe character Of these provisions
Of the Florida Constitution.
Mr.. ARCHER replied in defence of the laws Of
self-preservation, and Of the black laws of the
south.


Mr.. M'DurrrE hoped the vote would be taken
without debate.


Mr.. HENDERSON advocated the bill legally.
Mr.. WHITE spoke in behalf of the amendment,
and also for Cancellation the part Of the SOUTH
and tor justice to the north. He did this in very
conclliatory manner.


Mr.. SEWER showed that this Constitution of
Florida was mild in respect OF slaves and colored
people, that of any other slave ate perhaps mil
der. In the course OF his remarks he denounced
the Abolltionlsts as the biggest hypocrites and
the greatest scoundrels in the world.
Mr.. EvANs--(across)- Especially since they
voted for Colonel Polk.


Mr.. SKvBR said he did not know, but admitted
that Colonel Polk might have got a scattering
Abolition vote here and there.


great deal.


bill.


Mr.. SIMMONS, in a kindly spirit, replied to the
good humored remarks Of the Senator from Ar
L Mr.. HUNTINGTON, in a more earnest manner,
sided with Mr.. Evans for the ascendancy of the
Constitution.


Mr.: BEaR1.r, with much energy, defended the
peculiar institutions OF the South and the pro-
visions of this bill proposed to be expunged by Mr.
Evans.
Mr.. Choate, Mr. Berricn, Mr.. Evans, Mr.. John.
son, MI w Woodbury, Mr.. White, Mr.. Hanegan,
and Mr. woodbridge followed, when the amend.
paseed-Yeas 36, noes 8, as follows,--
Ysn-Allen. Archer, Ashley. Atchison, Atherton,