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Convenors:    Fabian Klose and Mirjam Thulin as well as all members                                      of the Leibniz Institute of European History Research Area IIVenue:            Leibniz Institute of European History in Mainz, GermanyDate:               October 8 to 10, 2015Conference ProgramThursday, October 8, 201516:00: Welcome and Introduction, Johannes Paulmann (Mainz), Fabian Klose (Mainz), Mirjam Thulin (Mainz)16:30-17:30: Keynote Lecture: Humankind – from Division to Recomposition, Francisco Bethencourt (London)18:00 Dinner&#160;Friday, October 9, 201509:00-10:30: Panel I: Morality and Human Dignity, Part I: Early Modern ConceptsHumanism and Its Humanitas. The Transition from humanitas Christiana to humanitas politica in the Political Writings of Erasmus, Mihai-D. Grigore (Mainz)All People have Reason and Free Will. The Debate about the Nature of the Indigenous Americans in the 16th Century, Mariano Delgado (Fribourg)Chair: Jorge Luengo (Mainz)Commentary: Wolfgang Schmale (Vienna)10:30-11:00: Coffee Break11:00-13:00: Panel II: Morality and Human Dignity, Part II: Modern ConceptsHumanitarianism before Humanitarianism? Spanish Discourses on Slavery, c. 16th to 19th Centuries, Thomas Weller (Mainz)Conceptions of Humanity in Nineteenth Century German Protestant Missions, Judith Becker (Uppsala/Mainz)Chair: Katharina Stornig (Mainz)Commentary: Johannes Paulmann (Mainz)13:00-14:00: Lunch Break14:00-15:30: Panel III: Social InequalitiesGlobal Justice: Equal Rights of All Members of the Human Family, Gerhard Kruip (Mainz)Between Christian Solidarity and Human Solidarity: „Humanity” and the Mobilization of Aid for “Distant Children” in Catholic Europe, c. 1840-1930, Katharina Stornig (Mainz)Chair: Thomas Weller (Mainz)Commentary: Gregor Feindt (Mainz)15:30-16:00: Coffee Break16:00-18:00: Panel IV: Violence and International Law„A War of Justice and Humanity“ – Abolition and Establishing “Humanity” as an International Norm, Fabian Klose (Mainz)Fulfilling the Marten's Clause: the Debate to Develop Crimes Against Humanity, Kerstin von Lingen (Heidelberg)Humanity as a Polemical Concept within the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Esther Möller (Mainz)Chair: Bernhard Gißibl (Mainz)Comment: Martin Aust (Bonn)18:30               Dinner&#160;Saturday, October 10, 201509:00-11:00: Panel V: PhilanthropyJustice and Charity: The Concept of Zedakah in Judaism, Mirjam Thulin (Mainz)„Humanity“ and the Social Implications of Pietism in German Reformed Communities, Peter Yoder (Berry College, USA)Charity, bienfaisance, solidarietà. The “Appeal to Humanity” in International Masonic Relations, Joachim Berger (Mainz)Chair: Judith Becker (Uppsala/Mainz)Commentary: Manfred Sing (Mainz)11:00-11:15: Coffee Break11:15-12:15: Keynote Lecture II, Paul Betts (Oxford)12:15-13:00: Final discussion: Johannes Paulmann (Mainz)