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The Ninth International Conference on the Begining of the Use of Metals and Alloys (BUMA-IX) International Center, Dong-A University, Busan16-19 October 2017&#160;Tuesday, October 17, 8:45~10:00 The Korean Bells – It’s design and Characteristics *Hyung Yong Ra (Seoul National University), Sock Hyun Kim (Kangwon National University) and Dong Kyu Na (Hongik University) Numismatic and metallurgical analysis of Korean coins in The Ashmolean Museum  *James B. Lewis, Lyce Jankowski and Yiu-Kang Hsu (University of Oxford) &#160;Tuesday, October 17, 12:00~12:45Traits of Iron Making Process in Ancient Korea *Nam Kyu Lee (Hanshin University)&#160;Iron production and the function of the tuyère in Korea during the Three Kingdoms Period  *Daeyoun Cho (Chonbuk National University) &#160;Tuesday, October 17, 15:45~17:00Texture analysis to confirm the ancient craft metal wire manufacturing technology in AD 4th-5th century in Korea Il Kwon Huh and Bo Bae Choi (Chuncheon National Museum), Hyo Tae Jeong (Gangneung-Wonju National University), *Dong-Ik Kim (Korea Institute of Science and Technology), Nam Chul Cho (Kongu National University), Hyeong Sun Go (GangWon Research Institute of Cultural Properties) &#160;Wednesday, October 18, 16:00~16:45Characterization of the early Iron-Production technologies in Chungju, Korea*Eunwoo Lee (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) &#160;POSTER SESSIONSOctober 17 - October 18, 09:00~18:00Reproduction of casting process for manufacturing of ancient metal type and analysis of the technologyJea-Young Choi, Kwang Suk Son and *Chang Ock Choi (Dong-A University)&#160;Smelting experiment on the 4th century Korean smelting furnace *Eunwoo Lee and Jisun Han (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) &#160;A study on the tuyeres used in the Korean ancient ironwork *Eunwoo Lee and Jisun Han (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) &#160;Structure and Operation Method of Ancient Iron Smelting Furnace in Korea *Kim Kwon Il (Shilla culture Institution) &#160;Metallurgical Analysis and Review of the Results of the 2nd Experimental Work on the Iron Smelting Furnace of Ancient Korea *Gyung Hwan Shin (Kyungwon Tech-Metal Research Center) &#160;Analysis of a stirrup presented to the Korea Museum Non-Political Organization in Japan *Satoko Taguchi and Kazumi Mizumoto (Tokyo University of the Arts), Katsu Kobayashi and Kenji Inoue (Korea Museum Non-Political Organization), Fumiyoshi Kirino (Tokyo University of the Arts) &#160;Rivets used on forged high tin bronze bowls from Korea in the 12th-15th century *Hye Youn Lee (Naju National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage), Nam Chul Cho (Kongju National University) &#160;Material Characteristics for Bronze and Gilt Bronze Artifacts from Gameunsaji Site in Gyeongju, Korea *Nam Chul Cho (Kongju National University), Young Dong Jung (Research Institute of Silla Conservation Sciences), Hyung Tae Kang (SEC Co., Ltd.) &#160;Microstructural analysis on the bronze artifacts of early iron age in Korea using electron microscopy Ha-Young Kim and Yoon Seok Ko (Korea Institute of Science and Technology), Mi Ra Choi (Kongju National University), Han-Jin Kim, *Jin-Yoo Suh, Dong-Ik Kim and Kyung-Tae Hong (Korea Institute of Science and Technology), Nam Chul Cho (Kongju National University) &#160;Study on the Characteristics of remains through Analysis of Slag from Sinpung site in Wanju, Korea  Nam Young Choi and *Nam Chul Cho (Kongju National University), Byoung Sun Kang (Honam Cultural property research center), Tae Cheon Rho (Chungnam National University) &#160;Site Web du colloque