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POUR UNE ANTHROPOLOGIE DE L&#8217;ENFANCE ET DES ENFANTS. DE LA DIVERSITE DES TERRAINS ETHNOGRAPHIQUES A LA CONSTRUCTION D&#8217;UN CHAMPDU 9 AU 11 MARS 2011INSTITUT DES SCIENCES HUMAINES ET SOCIALES, UNIVERSITE DE LIEGEDes d&#233;cennies durant, l&#8217;enfance et les enfants ont &#233;t&#233; consid&#233;r&#233;s comme un &#171; petit sujet &#187; (Lallemand &#38; Le Moal 1981), &#224; ce point qu&#8217;il &#233;tait l&#233;gitime de se demander : &#171; o&#249; sont pass&#233;s tous les b&#233;b&#233;s ? &#187; (Gottlieb 2000) ou encore : &#171; pourquoi les anthropologues n&#8217;aiment pas les enfants ? &#187; (Hirschfeld 2003). &#192; l&#8217;heure o&#249; centres de recherche et r&#233;seaux, Cultural Studies, enseignements, projets et manifestations interdisciplinaires sur le th&#232;me se multiplient, nous proposons de dresser un bilan international des travaux anthropologiques sur l&#8217;enfance et les enfants. Celui-ci permettra de resituer le d&#233;veloppement de ce champ au sein des sciences sociales et humaines, selon les diff&#233;rentes traditions acad&#233;miques de l&#8217;anthropologie. L&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t de l&#8217;anthropologie pour l&#8217;enfance (y compris la gestation et la petite enfance) a grandi &#224; travers le monde gr&#226;ce aux travaux de quelques m&#232;res et p&#232;res fondateurs (Van Gennep, Boas, Mead, Benedict, Malinowski, Firth, Fortes, Griaule&#8230;). Dans ces recherches, la construction sociale et symbolique de l&#8217;enfance, ainsi que les rites de passage qui y sont associ&#233;s, ont surtout &#233;t&#233; abord&#233;s &#224; partir des discours tenus par les adultes sur les enfants. Les travaux sur les &#171; cultures enfantines &#187;, et le r&#244;le social des enfants, connaissent actuellement un essor certain sous l&#8217;impulsion des concepts d&#8217; &#171; enfant-acteur &#187; et d&#8217;agency.Ces recherches rompent avec la conception de l&#8217;enfant per&#231;u comme un &#171; adulte en devenir &#187; et un r&#233;ceptacle passif. Elles s&#8217;inscrivent dans la reconnaissance de celui-ci, en tant que sujet actif et cr&#233;ateur, initi&#233;e par la promulgation de ses droits et l&#8217;&#233;volution de son statut.Les communications interrogeront la perspective de la construction sociale et symbolique de l&#8217;enfance dans son articulation avec celle de l&#8217;enfant-acteur : comment l&#8217;enfant est-il construit et se construit-il, quelle place occupe-t-il et comment sa voix peut-elle &#234;tre entendue ?Les configurations suivantes seront privil&#233;gi&#233;es :     les ruptures familiales et communautaires (enfants de la rue, enfants r&#233;fugi&#233;s, enfants-soldats),     la migration (famille transnationale, enfants migrants, relations interethniques),    les nouvelles parentalit&#233;s (famille recompos&#233;e, famille homoparentale, enfant chef de famille, relations interg&#233;n&#233;rationnelles),    la transmission (entre pairs, familiale, institutionnelle),    les prises en charges individuelles, familiales, institutionnelles (adoption, fosterage, gardiennage),    le d&#233;veloppement et l&#8217;humanitaire (groupe cible, groupe vuln&#233;rable, influences r&#233;ciproques entre normes locales et globales),    les institutions la&#239;ques et religieuses (&#233;cole, orphelinat, mouvements de jeunesse, syndicats),    les soci&#233;t&#233;s locales et les politiques publiques (travail, planification familiale, formation, patrimoines enfantins),    les nouvelles technologies (mondes virtuels, procr&#233;ation m&#233;dicalement assist&#233;e, communication).Pour explorer ces configurations, la sant&#233;, le corps, l&#8217;alimentation, le langage, le d&#233;veloppement, la diff&#233;rence des sexes, le jeu ou encore l&#8217;&#233;thique constituent des entr&#233;es possibles. Issues d&#8217;un travail de terrain ethnographique men&#233; au Nord ou au Sud, les communications ont pour vocation premi&#232;re :    d&#8217;enrichir les connaissances sur les mondes des enfants (vie ordinaire et extraordinaire) de leur propre point de vue comme de celui des adultes,    de lier ces connaissances &#224; l&#8217;ensemble des domaines de la vie sociale et culturelle (&#233;conomie, politique, parent&#233;, religion&#8230;),    de mieux comprendre la soci&#233;t&#233;, la communaut&#233; ou le groupe dont les enfants font partie.&#192; partir de leur travail ethnographique, les participant(e)s sont &#233;galement invit&#233;(e)s &#224; r&#233;fl&#233;chir aux particularit&#233;s du terrain avec les enfants au vu de la diversit&#233; des postures m&#233;thodologiques, des orientations personnelles et des rattachements institutionnels de l&#8217;anthropologue. Comment se positionne-t-il/elle et est-il/elle per&#231;u(e) par les enfants et leur entourage selon son sexe, son &#226;ge, ses origines, son statut social (parental et matrimonial) ? Comment s&#8217;op&#232;re son int&#233;gration au &#171; monde des enfants &#187; ? Quels types d&#8217;observations et d&#8217;entretiens (ou autres outils audiovisuels, graphiques&#8230;) peuvent &#234;tre mis en &#339;uvre ? Plus largement, seront abord&#233;es les questions particuli&#232;res que les terrains de l&#8217;enfance adressent &#224; la pratique du terrain en anthropologie.Sur ces bases, les communications permettront enfin de s&#8217;interroger sur l&#8217;existence conceptuelle de l&#8217;anthropologie de l&#8217;enfance et des enfants. Quelle valeur heuristique rev&#234;tent divers concepts et notions (corps et personne, techniques du corps, socialisation, interaction&#8230;) ? Quelles sont les influences r&#233;ciproques, les sp&#233;cificit&#233;s et les synergies entre l&#8217;anthropologie, la sociologie, l&#8217;histoire, la psychanalyse, la psychologie, la linguistique ou la d&#233;mographie ? Au-del&#224;, le Colloque ambitionne de mieux cerner les apports de l&#8217;anthropologie de l&#8217;enfance et des enfants aux divers champs de l&#8217;anthropologie, ainsi qu&#8217;aux sciences sociales et humaines en g&#233;n&#233;ral, comme de renforcer sa place dans l&#8217;ar&#232;ne scientifique et publique internationale.Envoi des propositions (en anglais ou en fran&#231;ais) pour le 31 mai 2010250 mots (titre et 5 mots-clefs compris) S&#233;lection des propositions par le Comit&#233; Scientifique : 30 juin 2010Les modalit&#233;s et d&#233;lais &#233;ditoriaux pour une publication collective seront communiqu&#233;s aux participant(e)s par les Coordinateurs apr&#232;s le Colloque.RENSEIGNEMENTS &#38; INSCRIPTION OBLIGATOIRE AUPRES DE : ConfAnthropoChildren2011@hotmail.fr COORDINATION    &#201;lodie RAZY (charg&#233;e de cours en anthropologie, Institut des Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Laboratoire d&#8217;anthropologie sociale et culturelle, Universit&#233; de Li&#232;ge, Belgique)    Charles-&#201;douard DE SUREMAIN (charg&#233; de recherche, UMR 208, IRD-MNHN, Paris, France)    V&#233;ronique PACHE (professeur associ&#233;e d&#8217;anthropologie sociale, domaine des Sciences des soci&#233;t&#233;s, des cultures et des religions, Universit&#233; de Fribourg, Suisse)COMITE SCIENTIFIQUE    Erdmute ALBER (Lehrstuhl f&#252;r Sozialanthropologie, Universit&#228;t Bayreuth, Deutschland)    Doris BONNET (Directrice de recherche, IRD, UMR 196, Paris, France)    Gladys CHICHARRO (Ma&#238;tre de conf&#233;rence, Laboratoire Expertice, Universit&#233; Paris 8, France)    Clarice COHN (Profesora, Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Carlos, Brazil)    Filip DE BOECK (Professor of Anthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research in Africa, Faculty of Social Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium)    Julie DELALANDE (Ma&#238;tre de conf&#233;rence, Universit&#233; de Caen, France)    Sandra J.T.M. EVERS (Associate professor and senior researcher, Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands)    Peggy FROERER (Lecturer in Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Brunel University, United Kingdom)    Alma GOTTLIEB (Professor of Anthropology, Women&#8217;s Studies and African Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA)    Yannick JAFFRE (Directeur de recherche, CNRS, UMI 3189, Marseille, France)    Suzanne LALLEMAND (Directrice de recherche, CNRS, Paris, France)    David F. LANCY (Professor, Anthropology Program, Utah State University, USA)    Olga NIEUWENHUYS (Lecturer, Department of Geography, Planning and International, Development Studies, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands)    Jacqueline RABAIN-JAMIN (Chercheur honoraire, CNRS, Paris, France)    Pamela REYNOLDS (Professor Emerita, Department of Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, USA)    Andrea SZULC (Researcher, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Argentine)    Akira TAKADA (Associate professor, Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Japan)    Patrice YENGO (Professeur d&#8217;anthropologie, Universit&#233; Marien N&#8217;Gouabi, R&#233;publique du Congo)INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCETOWARDS AN ANTHROPOLOGY OF CHILDHOOD AND CHILDREN.ETHNOGRAPHIC FIELDWORK DIVERSITY AND CONSTRUCTION OF A FIELDMARCH 9-11, 2011INSTITUTE OF HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF LIEGE (BELGIUM)For decades, childhood and children were considered as a &#8216;small subject&#8217; (Lallemand &#38; Le Moal 1981). It is thus justified to wonder: &#8216;where have all the babies gone?&#8217; (Gottlieb 2000) or: &#8216;why don&#8217;t anthropologists like children?&#8217; (Hirschfeld 2003). Whereas interdisciplinary research centres and networks, Cultural Studies, courses, projects, and meetings on the theme multiply, we propose a critical overview of anthropological accounts on childhood and children. The conference will present how this field developed in social and human sciences according to different academic traditions. The interest in an anthropology of childhood (which includes gestation and infancy) grew throughout the world from the early works of a few founding mothers and fathers (Van Gennep, Boas, Mead, Benedict, Malinowski, Firth, Fortes, Griaule&#8230;). These works emphasized social and symbolic construction of childhood and associated rites of passage, through adults&#8217; discourses on children. Recent and numerous studies on &#8216;children&#8217;s cultures&#8217; and on the social role of children are rooted in the concepts of &#8216;the child as an actor&#8217; and of &#8216;agency&#8217;. They break up with the perception of the child as an &#8216;adult to be&#8217; and a passive recipient; they are also embedded in its recognition, as an active and creative subject, initiated by the promulgation of its rights and the evolution of its status.Papers should question the connection between social and symbolic construction of childhood and the construction of the &#8216;child-actor&#8217;: how is the child shaped and how does it construct itself, what is its position in society and how can its voice be taken into account?The following configurations will be considered:     family and community break-ups (street children, child-refugees, child-soldiers),     migration (transnational families, migrant children, interethnic relations),    new parenthood (blended family, same-sex family, child-headed household, intergenerational relations),     cultural transmission (between peers, within the family, within institutions),    individual, familial and institutional care (adoption, fosterage, daily care),    development and humanitarian action (target groups, vulnerable groups, reciprocal influences between local and global norms),    secular and religious institutions (schools, orphanages, youth movements, trade unions),    local societies and public policies (work, family planning, training, children&#8217;s heritage),    new technologies (virtual worlds, new reproductive technologies, communication).In order to explore these configurations, health, body, food, language, development, gender, play or ethics are possible entry points. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Northern or Southern societies, the papers will particularly:    enhance knowledge on children&#8217;s worlds (ordinary and extraordinary daily life),    link this knowledge to other dimensions of social and cultural life (economics, politics, kinship, religion&#8230;),    promote a better understanding of the society, the community or the group that children belong to. From their ethnographic reports, participants are also invited to discuss the specificities of fieldwork with children, regarding the diversity of methodological positions, personal orientations and institutional attachments of the anthropologist. How does she/he act and how is she/he perceived by children and their social environment? How relevant are age, sex and social status (parent or not, origin)? How does she/he enter the &#8216;children&#8217;s world&#8217;? What sort of observations and interviews (or other audiovisual, graphical tools&#8230;) can be used? More largely, the specific questions that ethnographic fieldwork with children addresses to fieldwork practice in anthropology will be stressed.Finally, papers should outline the conceptual characteristics of anthropology of childhood and children. What is the heuristic utility of notions and concepts such as body and person, body techniques, socialization, interaction&#8230;)? Which are the reciprocal influences, the specificities and synergies between anthropology, sociology, history, psychoanalysis, psychology, linguistics or demography? Moreover, the Conference aims to highlight the contribution of an anthropology of childhood and children to other fields in anthropology and social and human sciences. It will also strengthen its position on the international scientific and public arena. Sending of papers proposal (in English or French) by the 31th of May 2010: 250 words (title and 5 keywords included).Selection of papers proposal by the Scientific Committee: 30th of June 2010.Editorial rules and schedule for a collective publication will be sent to participants by the Coordinators after the Conference. INFORMATION &#38; REGISTRATION: ConfAnthropoChildren2011@hotmail.fr COORDINATION    &#201;lodie RAZY (Assistant professor in cultural and social anthropology, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Social and Cultural Anthropology Laboratory, University of Liege, Belgium)    Charles-&#201;douard DE SUREMAIN (Researcher in social anthropology, UMR 208, IRD-MNHN, Paris, France)    V&#233;ronique PACHE (Associate professor in social anthropology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland)SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE    Erdmute ALBER (Lehrstuhl f&#252;r Sozialanthropologie, Universit&#228;t Bayreuth, Deutschland)    Doris BONNET (Directrice de recherche, IRD, UMR 196, Paris, France)    Gladys CHICHARRO (Ma&#238;tre de conf&#233;rence, Laboratoire Expertice, Universit&#233; Paris 8, France)    Clarice COHN (Profesora, Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Carlos, Brazil)    Filip DE BOECK (Professor of Anthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research in Africa, Faculty of Social Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium)    Julie DELALANDE (Ma&#238;tre de conf&#233;rence, Universit&#233; de Caen, France)    Sandra J.T.M. EVERS (Associate professor and senior researcher, Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands)    Peggy FROERER (Lecturer in Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Brunel University, United Kingdom)    Alma GOTTLIEB (Professor of Anthropology, Women&#8217;s Studies and African Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA)    Yannick JAFFRE (Directeur de recherche, CNRS, UMI 3189, Marseille, France)    Suzanne LALLEMAND (Directrice de recherche, CNRS, Paris, France)    David F. LANCY (Professor, Anthropology Program, Utah State University, USA)    Olga NIEUWENHUYS (Lecturer, Department of Geography, Planning and International, Development Studies, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands)    Jacqueline RABAIN-JAMIN (Honorary Researcher, CNRS, Paris, France)    Pamela REYNOLDS (Professor Emerita, Department of Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, USA)    Andrea SZULC (Researcher, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Argentine)    Akira TAKADA (Associate professor, Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Japan)    Patrice YENGO (Professeur d&#8217;anthropologie, Universit&#233; Marien N&#8217;Gouabi, R&#233;publique du Congo)