{"word_count": 128, "character_count": 806}
Can-Seng Ooi (2013), Why are cities becoming alike when each city is branded as different? CLCS Working Paper SeriesCities are becoming alike. As a result, there is a rise of “copy-cat” cities. There are many reasons for this, and this paper looks from the perspective of city branding: how does place branding lead to the homogenization of cities? Using the case of Singapore, and with references to Chinese cities, this paper highlights a number of accreditation tactics in place branding campaigns. Accreditation is necessary because the brand needsto seek credibility for the messages it sends. The types of accreditation used must also be globally understood, so as to reach out to diverse world audiences.Why are cities becoming alike when each city is branded as different?Full text available online