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Revue Environnement urbain / Urban EnvironmentCALL FOR PUBLICATIONS &#8212; SPECIAL ISSUE Urban Environmental Problems and Planning Strategies in Brazilian CitiesUrban environmental problems in Brazil stem from many causes whose effects are amplified by government&#8217;s inefficiency to commit itself to promoting a genuine sustainable development policy. In the country, 81.25% of almost 170 million people are urban dwellers, and 41% of the 5,560 municipalities have registered environmental problems and disasters resulting in a substantial reduction in quality of life for citizens and even human fatalities (IBGE, 2005) (IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica. 2005. Pesquisa de Informa&#231;&#245;es B&#225;sicas Municipais. Perfil dos Munic&#237;pios Brasileiros: Meio Ambiente). Among the most common environmental problems is the lack of sanitation which affects the majority of Brazilian municipalities. The presence of open air sewer harms communities in 1,031 cities (19% of the total number of cities), followed by deforestation in 1,009 cities (18%), forest fires in 948 cities (17%), and vector-borne illness in 896 cities (16%). The most widespread urban environmental disasters in Brazil are flooding, landslides, drought and erosion. Between 2000 and 2002, 2,263 Brazilian cities (41%) claimed to have been hit by an environmental disaster, such as landslides (16%) and flooding (19%). Among the 1,954 cities (35%) that reported landscape degradation, 676 (35%) mentioned soil erosion (IBGE, 2005).Although governments are expected to promote economic development and to protect environmental quality, economic development interests are generally the highest priority on the agenda of most developing countries. In Brazil, cities suffer from government&#8217;s difficulty in implementing sound policies on water and sanitation as well as in providing decent and affordable housing for low income groups, in order to avoid slums growth in vulnerable areas and to prevent environmental disasters and human fatalities. Cities have always played an important role in the spread of environmental problems. As cities become more complex, due to the development of socioeconomic activities, they tend to cause negative impacts on the environment. The historical growth of cities, with its demographic concentration, industrial production and built-up environments, has caused widespread pollution, natural resource depletion, and loss of biodiversity. Scientists around the world have reached a consensus on the significant impact of socio-environmental vulnerability risk factors on environmental problems, such as floods, soil erosion, deforestation, landsides, air and water pollutions, eutrophycation and sedimentation of water bodies, etc. Original research papers for this special issue could address the following and related topics:-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Planning, development and management (effectiveness of urban environmental policy)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Urban environmental management (monitoring, GIS, and modeling)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Urban growth and sustainable development (integrative ecosystem approach, geoecology)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Economic growth and environmental protection (carrying capacity, ecological footprints)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Air pollution and urban heat island (air quality indicators, land surface temperature and vegetation)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Sustainable transportation and transport integration (urban transport policy, sustainable mobility)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Pollution prevention and waste minimization (effectiveness of urban environmental policy)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Technological innovation toward eco-efficiency (cleaner production processes in industry)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Treatment and disposal of solid and hazardous waste (municipal strategies, public policy)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Waste water treatment and sanitation (safe drinking water, safe recreational water, water / soil pollutions)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Risk management and disaster preparedness (reduction / mitigation strategies toward environmental hazards)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Risks of flooding and preventive measures (land use policy toward flood-prone areas)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Deforestation, soil erosion and landslides (land use policy toward soil vulnerability)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Environmental restoration and revitalisation strategies (urban environmental projects / programs)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Citizen participation in public decision-making (citizen involvement and fairness, transparency, efficacy, inclusiveness in decision processes)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Environmental justice (spatial equity, socio-environmental vulnerability, residential segregation / mobility)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Environmental education (access, empowerment and community based alternatives in urban environmental projects / programs)GUEST EDITOR Gabriela SilvaDoctoral Student, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) &#8211; Universit&#233; du Qu&#233;bec, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-UCS)SCHEDULE We invite all those interested to submit an abstract by 30 January 2009 to the journal editor at environnement.urbain@ucs.inrs.caPapers must be received by 1st May 2009.Guidelines for contributors are available at http://www.vrm.ca/cyber_direct.asp.If you wish further information, please contact the guest editor at gabriela_silva@ucs.inrs.caAPPEL &#192; COMMUNICATION &#8212; NUM&#201;RO SP&#201;CIAL Les probl&#232;mes relatifs &#224; l&#8217;environnement urbain et les strat&#233;gies de planification dans les villes br&#233;siliennesLes probl&#232;mes relatifs &#224; l&#8217;environnement urbain au Br&#233;sil d&#233;coulent de plusieurs causes dont la gravit&#233; est proportionnelle &#224; l&#8217;inefficacit&#233; du gouvernement &#224; adopter une v&#233;ritable politique de d&#233;veloppement durable. &#192; l&#8217;&#233;chelle du pays, 81,25% des quelques 170 millions d&#8217;habitants vivent dans les villes et 41% des 5&#160;560 municipalit&#233;s doivent composer avec des probl&#232;mes dont certains peuvent &#234;tre qualifi&#233;s de d&#233;sastres environnementaux. Un tel &#233;tat de fait hypoth&#232;que la qualit&#233; de vie des personnes et peut m&#234;me, parfois, entra&#238;ner des pertes de vie humaines (IBGE, 2005) (IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica. 2005. Pesquisa de Informa&#231;&#245;es B&#225;sicas Municipais. Perfil dos Munic&#237;pios Brasileiros: Meio Ambiente).L&#8217;insalubrit&#233; compte parmi les probl&#232;mes r&#233;currents qui affligent les municipalit&#233;s br&#233;siliennes. La canalisation des eaux us&#233;es &#224; ciel ouvert constitue une menace pour 1&#160;031 villes (18%), alors que 948 villes (17%) subissent les cons&#233;quences de feux de for&#234;t et que les maladies &#224; transmission vectorielle touchent 896 villes (16%). Ces probl&#232;mes touchant l&#8217;environnement urbain au Br&#233;sil sont, par ordre d&#8217;importance, les inondations, les glissements de terrain, la s&#232;cheresse et l&#8217;&#233;rosion. Entre 2000 et 2002, un total de 2&#160;263 villes br&#233;siliennes (41%) ont d&#233;clar&#233; avoir &#233;t&#233; victimes d&#8217;un sinistre environnemental tel que des glissements de terrain (16%) ou des inondations (19%). Parmi les 1&#160;954 villes (35%) qui ont indiqu&#233; une d&#233;gradation du paysage, 676 (35%) ont recens&#233; l&#8217;&#233;rosion du sol (IBGE, 2005).Les gouvernements tardent &#224; mettre en place des mesures de protection de la qualit&#233; de l&#8217;environnement, notamment en mati&#232;re d&#8217;eau et d&#8217;assainissement ainsi qu&#8217;&#224; offrir une aide destin&#233;e aux couches d&#233;favoris&#233;es priv&#233;es d&#8217;un logement d&#233;cent et abordable. De telles actions permettraient de freiner la croissance de quartiers de taudis dans les zones vuln&#233;rables et pr&#233;venir des d&#233;sastres environnementaux. Les villes ont depuis toujours jou&#233; un r&#244;le primordial dans la diffusion des probl&#232;mes environnementaux. La croissance historique des villes qui renvoie &#224; la concentration d&#233;mographique, &#224; la production industrielle et aux milieux urbanis&#233;s, contribue &#224; la pollution diffuse, &#224; l&#8217;&#233;puisement des ressources naturelles ainsi qu&#8217;&#224; la perte de la biodiversit&#233;. Les chercheurs internationaux s&#8217;accordent &#224; dire que les facteurs de risque de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; socioenvironnementale sont directement li&#233;s aux probl&#232;mes environnementaux tels que les inondations, l&#8217;&#233;rosion du sol, la d&#233;forestation, les glissements de terrain, la pollution de l&#8217;air et de l&#8217;eau, l&#8217;eutrophication et la s&#233;dimentation des masses d&#8217;eau, etc.Les travaux de recherche originaux propos&#233;s dans le cadre de ce num&#233;ro sp&#233;cial pourraient aborder les diff&#233;rentes questions li&#233;es entre elles&#160;qui suivent : -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Planification, d&#233;veloppement et gestion (efficience de la politique de l&#8217;environnement urbain)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Gestion environnementale urbaine (surveillance, SIG, mod&#233;lisation) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Croissance urbaine et d&#233;veloppement durable (approche &#233;cologique int&#233;gr&#233;e, g&#233;o&#233;cologie)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Croissance &#233;conomique et protection environnementale (capacit&#233; portante, empreintes &#233;cologiques)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Pollution de l&#8217;air et &#238;lot de chaleur urbain (indicateurs de qualit&#233; de l&#8217;air, temp&#233;rature et v&#233;g&#233;tation de surface) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Transport durable et int&#233;gration du transport (politique de transport urbain, mobilit&#233; durable)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Pr&#233;vention de la pollution et r&#233;duction des d&#233;chets (efficience de la politique de l&#8217;environnement urbain)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Innovation technologique en mati&#232;re d&#8217;&#233;coefficacit&#233; (processus de production industrielle propre)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Traitement et &#233;limination des d&#233;chets solides et dangereux (salubrit&#233; de l&#8217;eau potable, salubrit&#233; de l&#8217;eau utilis&#233;e &#224; des fins r&#233;cr&#233;atives, pollutions de l&#8217;eau et du sol) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Gestion de risque et pr&#233;paration aux situations d&#8217;urgence (strat&#233;gies de r&#233;duction / mitigation face aux dangers environnementaux)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Risques d&#8217;inondation et mesures pr&#233;ventives (politique d&#8217;occupation du sol en zones inondables)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; D&#233;forestation, &#233;rosion du sol et glissements de terrain (politique d&#8217;occupation du sol et vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; des sols)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Restauration environnementale et strat&#233;gies de revitalisation (projets / programmes en mati&#232;re d&#8217;environnement urbain)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Participation citoyenne dans les prises de d&#233;cision (implication, justice, transparence, efficacit&#233;, inclusion des citoyens dans les processus d&#233;cisionnels).-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Justice environnementale (&#233;quit&#233; spatiale, vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; socioenvironnementale, s&#233;gr&#233;gation / mobilit&#233; r&#233;sidentielle)-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; &#201;ducation relative &#224; l&#8217;environnement (acc&#232;s, prise en charge par la collectivit&#233; et actions parall&#232;les dans le cadre de projets / programmes en mati&#232;re d&#8217;environnement urbain)&#201;DITEUR INVIT&#201; Gabriela SilvaDoctorante, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) &#8211; Universit&#233; du Qu&#233;bec, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-UCS)&#201;ch&#233;ancier Nous vous invitons nous envoyer un r&#233;sum&#233; avant le 30 Janvier 2009 &#224; l&#8217;adresse&#160;: environnement.urbain@ucs.inrs.ca.Les articles doivent &#234;tre envoy&#233;s avant le 1er Mai 2009.Le guide de pr&#233;sentation se trouve &#224; l&#8217;adresse&#160;: http://www.vrm.ca/cyber_direct.asp.Si vous avez besoin de plus d&#8217;information, contactez l&#8217;&#233;diteur invit&#233; &#224; l&#8217;adresse&#160;: gabriela_silva@ucs.inrs.caCHAMADAS DE ARTIGOS &#8212; EDI&#199;&#195;O ESPECIAL Problemas Ambientais Urbanos e Estrat&#233;gias de Planejamento em Cidades BrasileirasOs problemas ambientais urbanos no Brasil emergem de in&#250;meras causas cujos efeitos s&#227;o ampliados pela incapacidade do governo em promover uma pol&#237;tica de desenvolvimento sustent&#225;vel verdadeiramente comprometida. No pa&#237;s, 81.25% dos quase 170 milh&#245;es de habitantes s&#227;o popula&#231;&#227;o urbana e 41% dos 5.560 munic&#237;pios registraram problemas ambientais e desastres que reduziram a qualidade de vida dos cidad&#227;os e causaram inclusive fatalidades humanas (IBGE, 2005) (IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica. 2005. Pesquisa de Informa&#231;&#245;es B&#225;sicas Municipais. Perfil dos Munic&#237;pios Brasileiros: Meio Ambiente). Dentre os problemas ambientais mais comuns, a falta de saneamento afeta a maioria dos municipios brasileiros. A exist&#234;ncia de esgoto a c&#233;u aberto prejudica as comunidades de 1.031 cidades (19% do total), seguida por desmatamento em 1.009 cidades (18%), queimadas em 948 cidades (17%), e presen&#231;a de vetor de doen&#231;a em 896 cidades (16%). A respeito dos desastres ambientais urbanos no Brasil, os mais freq&#252;entes s&#227;o enchentes, deslizamentos de terra, seca e eros&#227;o. Entre 2000 e 2002, 2.263 cidades brasileiras (41%) haviam declarado ter sofrido algum tipo de disastre ambiental, tal qual os deslizamentos de terra (16%), e as enchentes (19%). Dentre as 1.954 cidades (35%) que informaram sobre a degrada&#231;&#227;o da paisagem, 676 (35%) haviam registrado a eros&#227;o de solo (IBGE, 2005). Embora espere-se dos governos promover o desenvolvimento econ&#244;mico e proteger a qualidade ambiental, os interesses do desenvolvimento econ&#244;mico tendem a ter prioridade na agenda da maioria dos pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, as cidades sofrem com a dificuldade do governo em implementar pol&#237;ticas saud&#225;veis para &#225;gua e saneamento, assim como em prover habita&#231;&#227;o decente e acess&#237;vel para grupos de baixa renda, a fim de evitar o crescimento de favelas em &#225;reas vulner&#225;veis, visando a impedir desastres ambientais e fatalidades humanas. As cidades sempre assumiram um papel importante na propaga&#231;&#227;o de problemas ambientais. Enquanto as cidades se tornam mais complexas, devido ao desenvolvimento de atividades socioecon&#244;micas, elas tendem a causar impactos negativos sobre o meio ambiente. O crescimento hist&#243;rico das cidades, com concentra&#231;&#227;o demogr&#225;fica, produ&#231;&#227;o industrial e ambientes constru&#237;dos, causou polui&#231;&#227;o difundida, solapamento de recursos naturais, e perda de biodiversidade. Pesquisas internationais concordam que os factores de risco para a vulnerabilidade s&#243;cio-ambiental est&#227;o diretamente relacionados aos problemas ambientais, tais como inunda&#231;&#245;es, eros&#227;o de solo, desmatamento, deslizamentos de terra, polui&#231;&#245;es do ar e da &#225;gua, eutrofiza&#231;&#227;o e assoreamento de corpos h&#237;dricos, etc.Os artigos ser&#227;o publicados em franc&#234;s ou em ingl&#234;s, contudo &#233; prevista a inclus&#227;o de um resumo em portugu&#234;s. Os artigos de pesquisas originais para esta edi&#231;&#227;o especial podem abordar os seguintes t&#243;picos relacionados: -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Planejamento, desenvolvimento e gest&#227;o (efic&#225;cia da pol&#237;tica ambiental urbana) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Gest&#227;o ambiental urbana (monitoramento, GIS, e modelagem) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Crescimento urbano e desenvolvimento sustent&#225;vel (abordagem ecossist&#234;mica integrada, geoecologia) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Crescimento econ&#244;mico e prote&#231;&#227;o ambiental (capacidade de suporte, pegadas ecol&#243;gicas) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Polui&#231;&#227;o do ar e ilha de calor urbana (indicadores da qualidade do ar, temperatura e vegeta&#231;&#227;o de superf&#237;cie) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Transporte sustent&#225;vel e integra&#231;&#227;o do transporte (pol&#237;tica de transporte urbano, mobilidade sustent&#225;vel) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Preven&#231;&#227;o de polui&#231;&#227;o e minimiza&#231;&#227;o de res&#237;duos (efic&#225;cia da pol&#237;tica ambiental urbana) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Inova&#231;&#227;o tecnol&#243;gica para a eco-efici&#234;ncia (processos de produ&#231;&#227;o mais limpos na ind&#250;stria) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Tratamento e destina&#231;&#227;o final dos res&#237;duos s&#243;lidos e perigosos (estrat&#233;gias municipais, pol&#237;tica p&#250;blica) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Tratamento da &#225;gua e saneamento (&#225;gua pot&#225;vel/recreacional seguras, polui&#231;&#245;es da &#225;gua e do solo) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Gest&#227;o de riscos e prontid&#227;o a desastres (estrat&#233;gias da redu&#231;&#227;o/mitiga&#231;&#227;o dos perigos ambientais) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Riscos de inunda&#231;&#227;o e medidas preventivas (pol&#237;tica de uso do solo para as &#225;reas propensas &#224;s inunda&#231;&#245;es) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Desmatamento, eros&#227;o de solo e deslizamentos de terra (pol&#237;tica de uso do solo para a vulnerabilidade do solo) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Recupera&#231;&#227;o ambiental e estrat&#233;gias de revitaliza&#231;&#227;o (projetos/programas ambientais urbanos) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Participa&#231;&#227;o do cidad&#227;o na tomada de decis&#227;o p&#250;blica (participa&#231;&#227;o e equidade do cidad&#227;o, transpar&#234;ncia, efic&#225;cia, inclusividade nos processos de decis&#227;o) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Justi&#231;a ambiental (equidade espacial, vulnerabilidade s&#243;cio-ambiental, segrega&#231;&#227;o/mobilidade residencial) -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Educa&#231;&#227;o ambiental (acesso, empowerment e alternativas baseadas na comunidade em projetos/programas ambientais urbanos)EDITOR CONVIDADO Gabriela SilvaDoutoranda, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) &#8211; Universit&#233; du Qu&#233;bec, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-UCS)CALEND&#193;RIO&#160; Convidamos a todos os interessados a enviarem os resumos at&#233; 30 de janeiro de 2009 ao editor da revista em environnement.urbain@ucs.inrs.ca Os artigos ser&#227;o recebidos at&#233; 1&#186; de maio de 2009.As orienta&#231;&#245;es para a elabora&#231;&#227;o dos resumos e artigos encontram-se dispon&#237;veis em http://www.vrm.ca/cyber_direct.asp.Em caso de maiores informa&#231;&#245;es, favor entrar em contato com a editora convidada em gabriela_silva@ucs.inrs.ca