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This study was conducted in the context of a research project on "Adaptation to climate change in Africa and Latin America" under the project lead of Dr Imme Scholz and Dr Susanne Neubert, of the German Development Institute. The project was funded by the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).The study analyses how smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa adapts to or can be adapted to climate change using the concept of a "resilient adaptation" as an analytical lens. I adopted a multi-level and multi-actor approach for analyses at two levels: the farm-level and the policy and institutional level. In the course of the study, I developed an analytical tool and operational instrument, "the Resilience Check" to assess the contributions of adaptations to the resilience of SSA agriculture to climate change.The study also identifies ways through which adaptation in smallholder agriculture canbe promoted and made more resilient.