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In itsresolution 3.325 (14th&#160;General Conference, Paris, 1966),the UNESCO determined that “in order tocontribute to the study, presentation and mutual appreciation of cultures […],the Director-General is authorized to undertake the study of&#160;LatinAmerican cultures as expressed in their literature and art and so to establishtheir characteristics”. To comply with this resolution, the editorialcollection&#160;Latin America in its Culture&#160;was initiated underthe coordination of Argentinian poet and essayist César Fernández Moreno, laterto become director of the UNESCO Regional Office for Culture in Latin Americaand the Caribbean (Havana, Cuba). A volume on literature (1972, directed byFernandez himself) was followed in 1978 by a volume on art under the directionof Argentinian art historian Damián Bayón. Combining analysis of the books andof the intellectual trajectories of Fernández and Bayón with extensive archivalmaterial, this investigation aims at examining the contribution of the UNESCOeditorial collection to an intellectual Latin American culture network in whichthe national, the regional and the global were coexisting spheres of historicalthinking. It suggests that regional artistic identity should be read here lessas an aspiration to an ontology and more as the result of a deliberatepolitical effort towards international dialogue. Do the current transregional effortsin Art History bypass national and regional identities? Or rather, quoting theabove-mentioned 1966 resolution, is establishing local specificity still imperativefor a “mutual appreciation of cultures”?Diogo Rodrigues de Barros has a BA in History from the University of São Paulo and an MA from the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS, Paris). He is currently a PhD candidate in Art History at the University of Montreal (UdeM, Canada). In his doctoral research, he discusses the current global and transregional approaches in Art History by revisiting regional scholarly and museological projects on Latin American art developed from the 1970s to the beginning of the 1990s. As a lecturer at UdeM, he has taught 'History of Collections' (Winter 2016), 'Modern Arts in Latin America' (Winters 2017, 2018 and 2019) and the 'Synthesis seminar' (Master's Program in Museology, Winter 2018).