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ArgumentLa notion de risque est historiquement au c&#339;ur des politiques de sant&#233;, ne serait-ce que parce que la maladie &#233;tait l&#8217;un de ces al&#233;as de la vie justiciables d&#8217;une protection par la mutualisation assurancielle. Apr&#232;s la Seconde Guerre mondiale la gestion de la sant&#233; par le risque est aussi devenue synonyme d&#8217;&#233;tudes &#233;pid&#233;miologiques, d&#8217;identification des facteurs de risque, de campagnes d&#8217;&#233;ducation pour la r&#233;duction des expositions. Dans cette perspective, l&#8217;objectivation statistique permettait de constituer des populations dites &#224; risque soumises &#224; une surveillance &#224; distance et tenues pour responsables de leurs conduites. A partir des ann&#233;es 60, le risque a aussi investi la m&#233;decine d&#8217;une autre mani&#232;re&#160;: comme cons&#233;quence des crises sanitaires et de l&#8217;attention croissante apport&#233;e aux effets sur la sant&#233; des risques techno-industriels, du nucl&#233;aire au m&#233;dicament en passant par les polluants, et de&#160; la mobilisation d&#8217;autres technologies, celles du calcul risques/co&#251;ts/b&#233;n&#233;fices. En participant &#224; la remise en cause de la stratification en classes autant qu&#8217;&#224; l&#8217;av&#232;nement de modes de gouvernement r&#233;flexif des soci&#233;t&#233;s contemporaines, ces d&#233;placements, auxquels de nombreuses analyses de sciences sociales ont &#233;t&#233; consacr&#233;es, ont fait de la sant&#233; un des objets privil&#233;gi&#233;s de la &#171;&#160;soci&#233;t&#233; du risque&#160;&#187;.Le gouvernement de la sant&#233; par le risque ne s&#8217;y r&#233;duit cependant plus. Depuis une vingtaine d&#8217;ann&#233;es, on assiste &#224; une biom&#233;dicalisation de la pr&#233;vention prenant pour cible les risques &#171;&#160;incorpor&#233;s&#160;&#187;. Ce qu&#8217;il s&#8217;agit d&#233;sormais de contr&#244;ler est une entit&#233; biologique&#160;- une pr&#233;disposition g&#233;n&#233;tique, une variation biochimique, une alt&#233;ration cellulaire ou morphologique - &#224; l&#8217;origine de propensions &#224; d&#233;velopper une pathologie ou d&#8217;&#233;tats dits de &#171;&#160;pr&#233;-maladie&#160;&#187;. Dans les deux cas, le risque devient une l&#233;sion ou un &#233;tat justiciable d&#8217;interventions faisant appel aux m&#234;mes registres que la clinique th&#233;rapeutique&#160;: tests biologiques, consultation individuelle, administration de m&#233;dicaments ou intervention chirurgicale, injonction &#224; l&#8217;autonomie et appel au choix des personnes. On peut ainsi parler d&#8217;une nouvelle gestion pr&#233;ventive des populations dans laquelle la clinique est au centre des pratiques d&#8217;intervention et le point de passage oblig&#233; des politiques visant les populations,&#160; la gestion collectives des risques et la pr&#233;servation de la sant&#233; publique. L&#8217;enjeu n&#8217;est plus seulement le gouvernement par le risque de nos soci&#233;t&#233;s, le gouvernement de la soci&#233;t&#233; du risque, mais bel et bien son traitement.Cette situation a tout particuli&#232;rement &#233;t&#233; rep&#233;r&#233;e et analys&#233;e dans le domaine de la g&#233;n&#233;tique m&#233;dicale. On a ainsi montr&#233; comment le risque incarn&#233; est trait&#233; comme une pathologie, conduisant &#224; l&#8217;&#233;mergence chez les personnes concern&#233;es de rapports sp&#233;cifiques au corps, aux interventions et &#224; leurs biographies, tandis qu&#8217;ils mettent les professionnels &#224; l&#8217;&#233;preuve de l&#8217;incertitude et de nouvelles interrogations sur le bien fond&#233; de leurs pratiques. La r&#233;flexion sur la gestion du risque par le soin m&#233;rite cependant d&#8217;&#234;tre &#233;tendue &#224; d&#8217;autres secteurs de la sant&#233;. Celle-ci concerne en effet aussi bien le contr&#244;le de la transmission du VIH ou de la tuberculose par des traitements, la prise en charge des pathologies cardio-vasculaires, celui des addictions par le m&#233;dicament ou encore la &#171;&#160;vie avec&#160;&#187; les expositions environnementales. Plus g&#233;n&#233;ralement, la biom&#233;dicalisation du risque pourrait &#234;tre &#224; l&#8217;&#339;uvre dans une vari&#233;t&#233; de situations o&#249; l&#8217;intervention r&#233;paratrice prend le dessus sur la surveillance pr&#233;ventive, comme dans la pr&#233;paration aux nouvelles menaces infectieuses ou les transformations de la sant&#233; au travail.Cette conf&#233;rence explorera les enjeux et pratiques de ce qu&#8217;on peut appeler une mise en clinique du risque dans une vari&#233;t&#233; de situations m&#233;dicales. On s&#8217;int&#233;ressera aussi bien aux modalit&#233;s d&#8217;objectivation des risques, aux outils, dispositifs et relais des interventions, aux registres d&#8217;articulation entre cible individuelle et gestion des populations, aux biopolitiques et formes de citoyennet&#233; aff&#233;rentes. On portera un int&#233;r&#234;t privil&#233;gi&#233; aux propositions de communications portant sur l&#8217;un des trois enjeux suivants&#160;: traiter le risque comme une maladie&#160;; organiser la clinique du risque&#160;; pr&#233;venir en population par des traitements individuels.Les inscription ont lieu aupr&#232;s de Cindy Hemery : chemery@vjf.cnrs.frPour toute autre information&#160;:Nicolas Henckes : henckes@vjf.cnrs.frJean-Paul Gaudilli&#232;re : gaudilli@vjf.cnrs.frProgrammeJeudi 5 d&#233;cembre &#8211; Matin9.30 - Jean-Paul Gaudilli&#232;re &#38; Nicolas Henckes (CERMES3). Accueil des participants et introduction g&#233;n&#233;raleKeynote10.00 - Nikolas Rose (Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine - King&#8217;s College London). Predictive, Preventive, Personalized &#8211; and Participatory? Psychiatry and the new rationality of medicine.11.00-11.15 &#8211; Caf&#233;Le risque comme pr&#233;-maladie11.15 - Baptiste Moutaud (CERMES3). Constructing and intervening on patient risk: Controversies in the field of early psychosis12.00 - Isabelle Ville (CERMES3). Un arbitrage clinique : la gestion des risques en m&#233;decine f&#339;tale12.45-14.00 D&#233;jeunerJeudi 5 d&#233;cembre &#8211; Apr&#232;s-midiTraiter les risques14.00 - Janina Kehr (Institute and Museum of the History of Medicine &#8211; University of Zurich). Risky treatments? Multiresistance and sacrificial populations in 21st Century Tuberculosis Control14.45 - Vinh-Kim Nguyen (D&#233;partement de M&#233;decine Sociale et Pr&#233;ventive de l&#8217;Universit&#233; de Montr&#233;al). Exploring clinical reason today: the population-laboratory and the rise of the algorithm15.30-15.45 &#8211; Caf&#233;15.45 - Christoph Gradmann (Institute of Health and Society &#8211; University of Oslo). Stalking microbes&#160;: Infectious risks, hospital hygiene and the natural history of infectious diseases in the late 20th century.16.30-17.30 Introduction g&#233;n&#233;rale introduite par Soraya Boudia (LATTS &#8211; Universit&#233; Paris-Est)Vendredi 6 d&#233;cembre &#8211; MatinKeynote10.00 - Robert Aronowitz (Department of History and Sociology of Science &#8211; University of Pennsylvania). The social and psychological efficacy of risk interventionsG&#233;rer le risque, g&#233;rer le cancer11.00 - Carsten Timmermann (Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine- The University of Manchester). Lung Cancer. Risk management and the making of a recalcitrant disease.11.45 - Ilana Lowy (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). A risky prevention: Tamoxifen and the reduction of breast cancer riskVendredi 6 d&#233;cembre &#8211; Apr&#232;s-midiLa clinique du risque14.00 - Marie-Jauffret (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). La gestion du risque dans le champ des addictions&#160;: Enjeux et tensions autour de la place du m&#233;dicament.14.45 - Anne Lovell (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). Chronic risk and leaky treatments: Risks and stakes in biomedicalizing addiction15.30-15.45 &#8211; Caf&#233;15.45 - Adam Hedgecoe (School of Social Sciences &#8211; University of Cardiff). From risk to uncertainty. Genome sequencing and the clinic.16.30-17.30 &#8211; Discussion g&#233;n&#233;rale introduite par George Weisz (Department for the Social Study of Medicine &#8211; McGill University)ArgumentHistorically, the concept of risk has been a central issue for health policies, as diseases have in industrial societies been among those hazards of life covered by insurances since the late 19th century. After World War II, managing health by way of risk has however become synonymous of epidemiological studies, identification of risk factors, and educational campaigns aimed at reducing exposure to risks. In this perspective, statistical objectification led to constitution of &#8220;at risk&#8221; populations, which were subjected to surveillance at a distance and were deemed responsible for their conducts. From the 1960s on, risk also took hold in medicine in another way: as a consequence of sanitary crises and of the growing attention paid to the sanitary effects of techno-industrial risks, from nuclear energy to polluting substances and pharmaceuticals. Risks were then objectified through new technologies such as cost-benefit-risk calculus. As health risks contributed to weakening traditional patterns of social stratification relying on classes and to the emergence of new ways of governing contemporary societies calling for increased reflexivity, health has become a privileged field for observers of the &#8220;risk society&#8221;.However, the government of health through risk is no longer limited to these issues. Over the last twenty years, a new biomedicalization of prevention has emerged, targeting &#8220;embodied&#8221; risks. Control has been extended over biological entities &#8211; genetic predispositions, biochemical variations, cellular or morphological alterations &#8211; which are considered to be precursors of pathology or to be themselves a pre-disorder condition. In both cases, risk has been turned into a lesion or a condition, which become the targets of clinical intervention including biological tests, individual consultation, pharmacological or surgical treatments, and injunction to be autonomous. We may thus speak of a new preventive management of populations, in which the clinic has been reestablished as center of practices and as obligatory point of passage for the policies targeting populations, aiming at the collective management of risks and at the preservation of public health. The goal is thus not only the government of society through risk, or the government of the risk society, but also its treatment.This situation has been well described and analyzed in the case of medical genetics. It has thus been demonstrated how embodied risks are now treated as diseases, creating among patients new relationships to medical interventions, to their own body and to their biographies, while health professionals face new uncertainties. But other segments of medicine are also concerned with the management of risk by way of treatment. It is the case of highly heterogeneous domains with attempts to control HIV or tuberculosis transmission by way of pharmacological therapies, to treat the risks of cardio-vascular pathologies or of addictive behaviors, or to design ways of &#8220;living with&#8221; exposures to environmental pollutions. More generally, the biomedicalization of risk might be at play in a diversity of situations where restorative interventions replace prevention over surveillance, such as preparedness in the management of infectious threats or in occupational health.This conference will explore the issues and practices of what might be called a clinical approach to risk in a diversity of medical situations. Participants may address the question of risk objectification, the tools, assemblages and means of interventions mobilized, the articulation between targeting individuals and managing populations, issues of biopolitics and biological citizenship. Proposals dealing with one of the three following problems are especially welcome: treating risk as a disease; organizing the clinics of risk; population prevention through individual treatments.ProgrammeThursday, December 5th &#8211; Morning 9.30 - Jean-Paul Gaudilli&#232;re &#38; Nicolas Henckes (CERMES3). Welcome and general introduction.Keynote10.00 - Nikolas Rose (Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine - King&#8217;s College London) . Predictive, Preventive, Personalized &#8211; and Participatory? Psychiatry and the new rationality of medicine.11.00-11.15 &#8211; CoffeeRisk as Pre-disease11.15 - Baptiste Moutaud (CERMES3). Constructing and intervening on patient risk: Controversies in the field of early psychosis12.00 - Isabelle Ville (CERMES3). Un arbitrage clinique : la gestion des risques en m&#233;decine f&#339;tale12.45-14.00 LunchThursday, December 5th &#8211; AfternoonTreating risks14.00 - Janina Kehr (Institute and Museum of the History of Medicine &#8211; University of Zurich). Risky treatments? Multiresistance and sacrificial populations in 21st Century Tuberculosis Control14.45 - Vinh-Kim Nguyen (D&#233;partement de M&#233;decine Sociale et Pr&#233;ventive de l&#8217;Universit&#233; de Montr&#233;al). Exploring clinical reason today: the population-laboratory and the rise of the algorithm15.30-15.45 &#8211; Coffee15.45 - Christoph Gradmann (Institute of Health and Society &#8211; University of Oslo). Stalking microbes&#160;: Infectious risks, hospital hygiene and the natural history of infectious diseases in the late 20th century.16.30-17.30 General discussion introduced by Soraya Boudia (LATTS &#8211; Universit&#233; Paris-Est)Friday, December 6th &#8211;MorningKeynote10.00 - Robert Aronowitz (Department of History and Sociology of Science &#8211; University of Pennsylvania). The social and psychological efficacy of risk interventionsManaging risk, managing cancer11.00 - Carsten Timmermann (Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine- The University of Manchester). Lung Cancer. Risk management and the making of a recalcitrant disease.11.45 - Ilana Lowy (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). A risky prevention: Tamoxifen and the reduction of breast cancer riskFriday, December 6th &#8211; AfternoonThe clinic of risk14.00 - Marie-Jauffret (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). La gestion du risque dans le champ des addictions&#160;: Enjeux et tensions autour de la place du m&#233;dicament.14.45 - Anne Lovell (CERMES3 &#8211; INSERM). Chronic risk and leaky treatments: Risks and stakes in biomedicalizing addiction15.30-15.45 &#8211; Coffee15.45 - Adam Hedgecoe (School of Social Sciences &#8211; University of Cardiff). From risk to uncertainty. Genome sequencing and the clinic.16.30-17.30 &#8211; General discussion introduced by George Weisz (Department for the Social Study of Medicine &#8211; McGill University)