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Pr&#233;sentationCrise, perte de valeurs, fin d&#8217;un paradigme voici parmi tant d&#8217;autres les expressions qui sont, depuis les ann&#233;es 1990, associ&#233;es &#224; l&#8217;antifascisme. Les raisons, qui ont amen&#233; &#224; mettre &#224; l&#8217;index l&#8217;antifascisme comme objet&#160; politiquement et historiquement l&#233;gitime, varient. Elles peuvent cependant &#234;tre rattach&#233;es au sens large, d&#8217;une part &#224; l&#8217;assimilation pure et simple de l&#8217;antifascisme au communisme, et plus pr&#233;cis&#233;ment au fait que l&#8217;antifascisme a constitu&#233; le socle de l&#233;gitimation des r&#233;gimes communistes &#224; l&#8217;Est de l&#8217;Europe.Le but de cette table ronde est de retravailler sur ce th&#232;me en mettant en &#233;vidence les ruptures et continuit&#233;s entre l&#8217;antifascisme de la p&#233;riode 1920s-1940s, expression et pratique politique plurielle, impliquant des acteurs divers et les usages discursifs qui en ont &#233;t&#233; faits par les r&#233;gimes communistes. L&#8217;antifascisme se diversifie dans le temps et sa d&#233;finition varie en fonction des programmes politiques ou du r&#233;pertoire d'action collective mobilis&#233;. La confrontation entre ces deux aspects implique de questionner les configurations antifascistes dans leurs pratiques et les mouvements politiques concrets qui les portent. Pour les antifascismes en actes nous analyserons la diversit&#233; des pratiques dans des contextes changeants, en partant d&#8217;&#233;tudes de cas pr&#233;cis&#233;ment document&#233;s. Les formes d&#8217;instrumentalisation par les partis communistes seront &#233;tudi&#233;es tant dans leur dimension de l&#233;gitimation nationale que dans le contexte de concurrence politique internationale de la Guerre froide. Ainsi que repr&#233;sentait l&#8217;antifascisme aux yeux des militants communistes, non communistes ou anticommunistes, opposants, r&#233;sistants survivants et victimes des r&#233;gimes fascistes? A quels imaginaires &#233;tait-il rattach&#233;&#160;? Quel &#233;tait le sens de cet engagement Qu&#8217;en sera-t-il apr&#232;s la guerre &#224; l&#8217;Ouest alors que la lutte antifasciste laissera place &#224; la bataille politique quotidienne port&#233;e par des partis et mouvements aux valeurs et aux projets diff&#233;rents, voire incompatibles, et pourtant tous rassembl&#233;s sous la m&#234;me &#233;tiquette &#171;&#160;antifasciste&#160;&#187;&#160;? Et qu&#8217;incarnera cette notion, vid&#233;e de son sens, pour les opposants et les victimes des r&#233;gimes communistes&#160;?Pour mettre en &#233;vidence ruptures et continuit&#233;s entre ces deux versants de l&#8217;antifascisme, il sera tout particuli&#232;rement int&#233;ressant de &#171;&#160;suivre&#160;&#187; certaines figures antifascistes et d&#8217;analyser pr&#233;cis&#233;ment les contextes et les modalit&#233;s des r&#233;&#233;critures biographiques dont elles font l&#8217;objet &#224; l&#8217;Est comme &#224; l&#8217;Ouest.Nous confronterons enfin la r&#233;alit&#233; et la diversit&#233; des pratiques antifascistes &#224; leur r&#233;interpr&#233;tation et leur simplification dans le discours id&#233;ologique des partis communistes au pouvoir &#224; l&#8217;Est comme dans l&#8217;opposition &#224; l&#8217;Ouest. Une attention particuli&#232;re sera ainsi port&#233;e sur les usages politiques de cette notion tout au long de l&#8217;apr&#232;s-guerre. Outre son apport m&#233;thodologique de premier ordre (analyse socio-historique des pratiques et discours) cette table ronde doit cr&#233;er les conditions d&#8217;un dialogue entre des communaut&#233;s scientifiques &#233;loign&#233;es, mais dont la rencontre aura des effets heuristiques essentiels pour ceux qui travaillent sur l&#8217;histoire des id&#233;es et pratiques politiques. Modalit&#233;s pratiquesEnvoyer les propositions (500 mots environ) &#224; Alix Heiniger: alix.heiniger@unige.chAvant le 15 juin 2011English versionCrisis, loss of values, end of a paradigm, here are among many others the expressions that are associated since the 1990s with the antifascism. The reasons, which led the antifascism to be blacklisted as a political and historical legitimate object, are varying. They may however be connected, in a wider sense, with the pure and simple assimilation of antifascism with communism, and more precisely with the fact that antifascism was one of the founding value of communist regimes in Eastern Europe. The purpose of this workshop is to rework this theme by highlighting the ruptures and continuities between the antifascism of the 1920s-1950s, expression and plural political practice involving various actors and the discursive usages made by the communist regimes. The anti-fascism has diversified over time and its definition varies according to the political programs or the repertoire of mobilized collective action. The confrontation between these two aspects involves the questioning of the antifascist configurations in their practices and the existent political movements by which they are carried. For antifascisms in action, we will analyse the diversity of practices in changing contexts by starting with precisely documented case studies. The forms of exploitation by the communist parties will be studied, both in their dimension of national legitimacy as well as in the context of the international Cold War competition. So what represented the anti-fascism in the eyes of the communist, non-communist or anti-communist activists, the opponents, the survivors of the R&#233;sistance and the victims of fascist regimes? To what collective imagination is it related? What is the meaning of this commitment? What will happen after the war in the West when the anti-fascistic struggle will leave room for the daily political battles carried on by the parties and movements of different, not to say incompatible, values and projects and yet all united under the same &#34;anti-fascistic&#34; label? And what will this meaningless notion signify for the opponents and victims of the communist regimes?To highlight ruptures and continuities between these two aspects of antifascism, it will be particularly interesting to &#34;follow&#34; certain antifascist figures and to analyse accurately the contexts and modalities of the biographical rewritings, which they undergo in the East as well as in the West.Finally, we will confront the reality and the diversity of antifascist practices with their reinterpretation and their simplification in the ideological discourse of the communist parties in power in the East as in the opposition in the West. A particular attention will therefore be paid to the political usages of this concept throughout the post-war period.In addition to its high-ranking methodological contribution (socio-historical analyse of practices and discourses), this roundtable should create the conditions for a dialogue between various scientific communities, whose meeting will have essential heuristic effects for those working on the history of ideas and political practices.Proposal for Papers:Please send proposals of no more than 500 words to Alix Heiniger: alix.heiniger@unige.ch Deadline: 15 June 2011    Language: English    Locality: University of Geneva    Dates: January 2012Scientific Committee:    Sonia Combe (University of Paris West)    Alberto de Bernardi (University of Bologna)    Thomas Lindenberger (Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for European History and Public Spheres, Vienna)    Anson Rabinbach (Princeton University)    Brigitte Studer (University of Bern)    Mercedes Yusta (University of Paris 8)Organisation    Alix Heiniger (University of Geneva)    Sandrine Kott (University of Geneva)    St&#233;fanie Prezioso (University of Lausanne)