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tk,qufs2 $ ILxe4 ctst q 5 iatt r5tstst1 seesi5- ed. With view 10 general reform in the system, I recomsncnd the subject to the attention of Cong ress.

 deera itm duty again to callJonr at tentiofi to i4e condition ssf he District Of Columbia. Ii was doubtless wise in the framers ofour Constitution, te place the people of this District under ti,s e. tian of the sieneral Government; but, to accomplish the objects they lad in view, it is not necessary fhatsthis people should Dc deprived of all the privileges of self royernii,err.t. Independently of the diff ctlty of iaducing ihe Representative of distant States 10 turn their attention to projects off lays s~s.isl. arc not et the hitsh- est inte rest 10 theif constituents, tlsey are not ipaividnalIy. nor in Congress eoliec- lively, well qualified 10 legislate over the local concerns uf this District. Eense- atenfiy, its interests arc much neglected, and tIe people are sifaos. afraid to pre- sent their grievances. Iest a body. ID which tbey are not represented, and which feeis iittie sympathy II, tdsis iiss,ssii relations, should, in its attempt 10 make laws for them, do more harm than good Governed by the laws ofthe States whence they were severed, the two shores of the Potomac within ti4e ten miles square, have different penal codes; not the present codes Of Virginia and Maryland, but such as existed Ill those states at the lime of the cession to fhe United States. As Congress will not form a new code. and as the people of the District cannot make ono for themselves. they are virtually un- der two Governments Is if not just to allow them at least a delegate in Con- gress. if not local legislature, to make laws for the District, shhject 10 the ap- proval or rejection of Congress! I car uestiy recommend tire extension to fhem of every political right winch their inter- ests require, and which may be compaii- hIe with inc Constitution

 The extension Of the Judiciary system of the United States, is deemed 10 be one oSihe duties of Government. One-fourth of tire States in the Union do not pariici- pate in he benefits of a Circuit Court - 10 tie States of Indiana. Illinois. Nissen- ri. Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. admitted into the Union since the present Judicial system was organized, only a District court has been allowed. If this be sufficient, then the Circuit courts. al- ready existing in eighteen States. ought to be abolished: fit be not sufi cient. the dafect onght to be remedied, and these States placed on the same footing with the other members Of the Union. Itwas on this condition, and or tiiis footing, that they entered ti,e .i,iel., .la.a siey lss, de-. mand Circuit ceHrtssas matter. not of eoneessieh, 5ut of right. trust that Gan gross 'gill not adjourn, leaving this snono.A Y ln eur system.

 Entertaining the oy+nions heretofore expressed in rela.tcn to the Bank Of the

 Hited States, as at present organized, I isit t my duty, in my former messages, frankly tediseiose them. in order tina the attention of tae Legislature and inc peo- pie slonld be seasonably directed te that important subject. and that it might be considered and finally disposed of in a manner best calculated to promote the ends ol the Constitution and stlbserye the public interest. Having then conscien- ticusly discharged Constitutional duty, deem It proper, on tiIis occasion, with oiit more particular reference 10 the views of the subject then expressed, 10 leave It for tue present, 10 the insestiga- lion af an enlightened people and their representatives.

 h conclusion, permit me to invoke that Power which superint ends all Gov ernments, to infuse into your defibera- lions, at this important crisis of cur histo- ry, spirit of mutual forbearanee and con ciliation. In that spirit was onr Union formed, and in tliat spirit must 1t he pre- served ANDREW JACKSON.

 WASHINGTON, December 6, ls3l

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