Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
# Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar

Part of a series on Shia Islam :

Twelver Shi'ism :

The Fourteen Infallibles

Muhammad

Fatimah

The Twelve Imams

Ali

Hasan

Husayn

al-Sajjad

al-Baqir

al-Sadiq

al-Kadhim

ar-Ridha

al-Taqi

al-Naqi

al-Askari

al-Mahdi :

Principles

Monotheism

Justice

Prophethood

Imamate

Judgement Day :

Other beliefs

Imamate of the Family

Angels

Mourning of Muharram

Intercession

Occultation

Wilayat al-Faqih

Usul al-fiqh

Ijtihad

Taqlid

Irfan :

Practices

Salat

Sawm

Hajj

Zakat

Khums

Jihad

Amr bi-l maʿrūf

Nahy ani l-Munkar

Tawalli

Tabarri :

Other practices

Mourning of Muharram

Arba'een Pilgrimage

Intercession :

Holy cities

Mecca

Medina

Najaf

Karbala

Mashhad

Jerusalem

Samarra

Kadhimiya

Qom :

Groups

Ja'fari

Usuli

Akhbari

Alevi

Shaykhi :

Other related sects and groups

Alawites

Sufism and Alevism

Qizilbash

Safaviyya

Bektashism and folk religion

Malamatiyya

Qalandariyya

Hurufism

Bektashism

Rifa`i

Galibi

Ni'matullāhī :

Scholarship

Law

Marja' (list)

Hawza

Ayatollah (list)

Allamah

  Hojatoleslam

Ijtihad :

Hadith collections

The Four Books

Kitab al-Kafi

Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih

Tahdhib al-Ahkam

Al-Istibsar

Other hadith collections

Book of Sulaym ibn Qays

Bihar al-Anwar

Wasā'il al-Shīʿa

Reality of Certainty

Nahj al-Balagha

Mafatih al-Jinan

Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya

Al-Amali :

Sources of ijtihad and jurisprudence

Qur'an

Hadiths of The Infallibles

Consensus

Reason :

Related topics

List of Twelver Shia books

Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism :

Shia Islam portal :

vte :

Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar was a Persian Sufi saint and Malāmatī-Qalāndārī Sheikh, of possible Turkic origin, and is buried in Zava, Khurasan. Qazvini, author of the Tarikh-i guzida, states Haydar was alive at the time of the Mongol invasion of Central Asia in 1220 and died in 1221 CE/618 AH. The date of his life helpfully indicates the time when the use of cannabis took hold in Islamic society.

Haydar apparently followed an ascetic discipline until he ate some marijuana that he found growing. He then took to eating it constantly. It was deemed compatible with a spiritual life, a positive aid even.

   God almighty has granted you as a special favour an awareness of the virtues of this leaf, so that your use of it will dissipate the cares that obscure your souls and free your spirits from everything that might hamper them, keep carefully, then the deposit he has confided in you.

Use of cannabis migrated into Iraq, Syria and Egypt where it was known as 'Haydar's Lady' or 'the Wine of Haydar'.

Haydar – the Persian form of his name is Heydar – founded an order of mendicant dervishes called the Ḥaydariyya who were known for their celibacy and mortification of the flesh through piercing their own bodies with iron rings. His followers also wore felt and walked barefoot. According to al-Jawbari in his book Kashf al-Asrar "Unveiling the Secrets", "members of the Haydariyya dervish order took Hashish before staging their performances of self-mutilation, in order to numb the pain." Al-Jawbari's Kashf al-Asrar was written in 13th century Iraq. The author was a conjuror whose writing was an exposé of not only magic tricks but also the 'dodges' of beggars and other 'low-life'. In fact the term hashishiyya is synonymous with 'low-life' and has been used as such for centuries in the Islamic world.

