Campaign of the Hills
# Campaign of the Hills

vteParaguayan War :

Mato Grosso campaign

Marquês de Olinda

1st Corumbá

Fort Novo de Coimbra

Feio River

Dourados

Nioaque

Anhambaí

Fort Miranda

Coxim

Laguna

Apa River

2nd Corumbá

Alegre

Corrientes campaign

Corrientes

San Lorenzo River

Rio Grande do Sul

São Borja

Butuí

Uruguaiana

Riachuelo

Salto

Paso de Mercedes

Paso de Cuevas

Yatay

Pehuajó

Jaguarí

Humaitá campaign

Purutué Bank

Paso de Patria

Laguna Sirena

Itapirú

Estero Bellaco

Paso Cidra

1st Tuyutí

Yataytí Corá

Boquerón

Sauce

Palmar

Curuzú

Curupayty

Arroyo Hondo

Hacienda Laguna

Tuyú Cué

1st Passage of Curupayty

Pilar

Ombú

Estero Rojas

Perecué

Tatayibá

Potrero Obella

Humaitá

Passage

2nd Tuyutí

Paso Ipohy

2nd Passage of Curupayty

Laguna Cierva

Cabral and Lima Barros

1st Iasuií

2nd Iasuií

Poí Island

Barroso and Rio Grande

Acayuazá

Fortín Island

Pikysyry campaign

Yacaré

Paso de Tebicuarí

Surubí

Pikysyry

Dezembrada

Ytororó

Avay

Lomas Valentinas

Angostura

San Fernando

Asunción

Cordilleras campaign

Manduvirá River

Concepción

Ybytimí

Tupí-hú

Sapukái

Diarte

Piribebuy

Acosta Ñu

Piribebuy River

Hondo River

Itapytangua

Tacuaty

Curuguaty

Hucuratí

Loma Rugua

Caguijuru–Caraguataí

Iguatemi

Río Verde

Cambaceguá

Lomaruguá

Cerro Corá

Miranda :

The Campaign of the Hills (Spanish: Campaña de las Cordilleras) was the last campaign of the Paraguayan War, lasting from July 1869 to the end of the war on March 1, 1870. The Paraguayans were completely defeated by the Allies. Brazilian writer Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay took part in the campaign and later wrote about it. At least 5,000 Paraguayans were killed during this campaign.

## Background

After the occupation of the Paraguayan capital, Asunción, by the allies, Marshal Luis Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias considered the Paraguayan War to be ended with Allied victory. The marshal asked to be relieved of command on 12 Jan. 1869. On 16 April 1869, Prince Gaston, Count of Eu took command of the Allied Army Headquarters in Luque, two days after his arrival in $Asunción.^{:99–100}$

Since Paraguayan President López refused to surrender, the Allies installed a $triumvirate.^{:99}$ Cirilo Antonio Rivarola, a political opponent of López, as temporary President in occupied Asunción, and decided to continue the war. López decided to resist the Allies in the mountainous region of Northeastern Paraguay. López organized a force of 9,000 men and boys from his headquarters in Cerro $León.^{:101}$

## Battle of Piribebuy

The Allied attack on the town of Piribebuy, then serving as a temporary capital for the Paraguayan government, lasted 5 hours, ending with the capture of the town and destruction of its official records

## Battle of Acosta Ñu

The last major battle, in which Bernardino Caballero (who later became President of Paraguay) fought a Brazilian-Argentine combined force of 20,000 under Emperor Pedro II's son-in-law Prince Gaston and future Brazilian president Manoel Deodoro da Fonseca.

## Battle of Cerro Corá

The last battle of the campaign was at Cerro Corá, in which a Brazilian force of 4,000 wiped out President López's personal guard of 100-250 soldiers, killing López, Vice President Sánchez and López's son Juan Francisco.

