Mississippi Mills, Ontario
# Mississippi Mills, Ontario

Mississippi Mills is a town in eastern Ontario, Canada, in Lanark County on the Mississippi River. It is made up of the former Townships of Ramsay and Pakenham, as well as the Town of Almonte. It is partly located within Canada's National Capital Region.

## History

The Town of Mississippi Mills was incorporated on January 1, 1998, by amalgamating the town of Almonte with the townships of Ramsay and Pakenham.

Almonte's first settler was David Shepherd, who in 1819 was granted 200 acres (0.81 $km^2)$ by the Crown to build and operate a mill. The site became known as Shepherd's Falls. That name was never official, however, as Shepherd sold his patent after his mill burned down. The buyer of the patent, Daniel Shipman, rebuilt the mill and the settlement became known as Shipman's Mills in 1820.

The majority of Shipman's Mills' early settlers were Scottish. The town grew to encompass thirty stores and forty other businesses. A textile mill town almost from the start, at its peak it boasted seven busy woolen mills. During this time of rapid expansion the town changed its name from Shipman's Mills to Ramsayville and then to Waterford. When in 1855 the newly created Canadian post office pointed out there was already a Waterford in Ontario, the town needed yet another name change.

Relations between the United States and Great Britain had been antagonistic since the War of 1812. Border skirmishes between Mexico and the United States increased this antagonism. Mexican general Juan Almonte had fought in these skirmishes, and by 1853 had become Mexico's ambassador to the United States. Since the people of Waterford mistrusted the U.S., and General Almonte had resisted the U.S., they decided to honour Mexico and the general by renaming the town Almonte. This makes Almonte the only town in Ontario named after a Mexican general. The name change appears to have happened in 1856, though the post office didn't record the new name until 1859.

After the last textile mill closed in the early 1980s, Almonte no longer had a dominant industry. It has since turned its attention towards tourism. It offers museums and several historical spots, such as the home of James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, and the Naismith Museum & Hall of Fame. Many of the town's residential, commercial and institutional buildings date from the 19th century. Malcolm Street, for example, contains many 19th century homes. Daniel Shipman's house still stands at the corner of Bridge and Mill Streets.

## Communities

The town comprises the communities of Almonte, Appleton, Bennies Corners, Blakeney, Cedar Hill, Clayton, Galbraith, McCrearys, Montgomery Park, Pakenham, Ramsay, Snedden, The Tannery, Uneeda, and Union Hall. The town administrative offices are located in Ramsay and Almonte.

Many of the communities in Mississippi Mills were settled along the shores of the Mississippi River where the natural falls provided an opportunity to harness the water power to operate the mills.

### Almonte

Settled in 1816, Almonte was one of the principal wool manufacturing towns of the Ottawa Valley. Formerly a separate municipality, the town located along the Mississippi River, has had many name changes: Shepherd's Falls, Shipman's Mills, Ramsayville, Waterford and then Almonte after a Mexican general.

### Appleton

A former mill town, Appleton was settled in the 1820s along the Mississippi River in the former Ramsay Township. The town once included a sawmill, gristmill and a woolen mill.

### Bennies Corners

Bennie’s Corners was a small village located at the junction of the eighth line of Ramsay and Bennies Corners Road, on land where James Bennie settled in 1821. Most of the hamlet was destroyed by fire in the summer of 1851, and when rebuilt it had little more than a post office and general store, a few residences, a school and some trades with a population of about fifty people. In 1874, the area post office was moved from Bennies Corners to Blakeney in 1874.

### Blakeney

Located on the Blakeney Road, the community was first settled in 1821 at rapids along the Mississippi River. It was originally known as Norway Pine Falls, Snedden’s Mills and Rosebank, before being formally named Blakeney in 1865.

### Cedar Hill

The village of Cedar Hill was first called Upper Pakenham and was built around the first school and once had a small population with two sawmills, two churches and a school. The village is located at the intersection of Cedar Hill Side Road and the 7th Concession in the former Pakenham Township.

### Clayton

Founded by Edward Bellamy in 1824, it was first named Bellamy’s Mills, Clifton and then finally named Clayton in 1858 for postal reasons. The hamlet is located at the intersection of Tatlock Road and Bellamy Mills Road, on the shore of Clayton Lake, a local recreational area.

### Galbraith

The area of Galbraith is located at Rae Road and Concession 5 in the former Ramsay Township. It was named after Daniel Galbraith, a Member of the Provincial Parliament, and later Member of Parliament, who owned the surrounding land which he had purchased in 1855. The one room Galbraith School, S.S. No. 5 Ramsay, was on a half acre of land at the top of the hill, which Mr. Galbraith had sold to the school trustees in 1870 for $1.00. He also gave land for a second school in 1875 on the opposite side of the road. The school operated until 1969 when the Government of Ontario mandated the consolidation of county schools and bussed students to either Almonte or Carleton Place.

### McCrearys

Among the first settlers of the area was the McCreary family in 1823. McCrearys was located on Concession 3, Lot 3 in the former Ramsay Township. Joseph McCreary gave the land for the first school, on which "McCreary School" was erected. This one was torn down and a new one was erected in 1871. The community was known for the McCreary Cheese Factory, located on the road south of Highway 7.

### Montgomery Park

Located along the Montgomery Park Road next to the Mississippi River.

### Pakenham

Pakenham, formally established in 1823, is known for the nearby Mount Pakenham, a popular skiing location, and the five-arch stone bridge crossing the Mississippi River. Built in 1901, it is the only five-arch stone bridge in North America. The community itself is named for a brother-in-law to the Duke of Wellington, Major-General Sir Edward Pakenham, who was killed near the Mississippi River in the southern United States commanding British forces at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Mississippi Mills had a population of 14,740 living in 6,043 of its 6,241 total private dwellings, a change of 12% from its 2016 population of 13,163. With a land area of 511.25 $km^2$ (197.39 sq mi), it had a population density of $28.8/km^2$ (74.7/sq mi) in 2021.

## Culture

Mississippi Mills is home to several festivals and events, including the North Lanark Highland Games, Naismith 3-on-3 Basketball Festival, the Almonte Fair and CeltFest.

Many of the town's citizens commute to the nearby city of Ottawa. Almonte has three elementary schools: R. Tait McKenzie Public School, Naismith Memorial Public School and Holy Name of Mary Catholic School. Almonte and District High School serves the town of Almonte and much of the surrounding area.

