Rosendals Trädgård
# Rosendals Trädgård

Rosendals Trädgård is a garden open to the public situated on Djurgården, west of Rosendal Palace, in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden. Today, Rosendals Trädgård is open to public visitors in order to let visitors experience nature and to demonstrate different cultural effects on gardening through history. The purpose is to practise biodynamic agriculture and pedagogical education. The garden is owned and operated by the trust fund "Rosendals Trädgårds Stiftelse". In the area known as Rosendals Trädgård there are also, except from the garden: "Plantboden", a gardening shop where the customers can find everything that's useful in a garden, "Trädgårdsbutik", a shop where the customers can buy fresh vegetables cultivated in the garden at Rosendal. The maybe most visited shop is the famous bakery, which carries the same name as the garden, "Rosendal Trädgårds bakery". Visiting Rosendals Trädgård, one has a great opportunity to experience locally cultivated and produced phenomena and items.

## History

The area today known as Rosendals Trädgård was in 1817 sold to the Swedish king Karl XIV Johan (Charles XIV John of Sweden), also known as Jean Baptiste Bernadotte. Bernadotte transformed the area into an English park. In 1819, the architect Fredrik Blom constructed a royal castle linked to the area known as "Rosendals Trädgård". At the same time a winter garden was also built, creating an opportunity to cultivate tropical plants even during wintertime. In 1848 the Swedish king Oscar I built an orangery, where exotic plants such as palms could be explored. The one person that has been most influential in the development of Rosendals Trädgård is probably Queen Josefina. Queen Josefina had a great interest in gardening and made it possible for the development to take place by establishing a number of plantations and greenhouses. In 1861, Queen Josefina also collaborated with the Swedish Gardening Society, something that made it possible to start a gardening-academy in the area. Together they reformed and structured the garden and its administration after their ideal, the Royal Horticultural Society in London. All the work that was implemented during Queen Josefina's lifetime led to a development that made Rosendals Trädgård flourish. During the fifty years that the garden academy was up running, the garden begun its transformation towards its current structure. Though, when the Garden academy was closed and the Swedish Garden Society ended their activity in the area, Rosendal went into a period of less activity. The Royal administration of Djurgården, who now owned the garden, demised the area for private practise and the garden transformed to several horticultural business garden. But in the late 1960s the Royal Administration of Djurgården acceded Rosendals Trädgård and restored it into its former glory of Queen Josefina.

## The Garden and its flora

### The Fruit Garden

The fruit garden has, during the development of Rosendals Trädgård, been one of the most famous parts of the garden. Every autumn, the many different kind of apple-sorts that are represented in the almost hundred trees, becomes mature. During the Swedish Garden Society's days of glory, there were nearly 400 apple-trees in the fruit garden. During this time, Rosendals fruit garden had a big importance on the spread of fruit-trees in Sweden, since the Garden academy portioned out free plants to farmers etc. Over 24 500 fruit trees, 30 000 currant bushes, as well as 22 000 park trees was portioned out all over Sweden, something that made a greater spread of the many different apple-sorts that exist in Scandinavia possible. Other fruits, such as cherries, prunes, pears etc. are also cultivated in the fruit-garden. In Lars Krantz's book, "Rosendals Trädgård", the author (a former gardener in Rosendals Trädgård) describes the yearly-reappearing apple exhibition in Rosendals Trädgård, where almost 250-300 different apple-sorts is represented: all of them cultivated in Sweden.

### The Rose Garden

The rose garden was found in 1988 and today over 100 different species are cultivated there. The rose garden is situated on a slope just beside the old orangery and is perfect for cultivating roses. Due to the harsh rose climate in Sweden Rosendals Trädgård mostly cultivate bush roses which have favourable properties, such as hardiness.

### Roses cultivated in the garden

Rosa alba

Mme Legras de St Germain

Madame Plantier

Princesse de Lamballe

Maxima

Felicité Parmentier

Rosa 'Great Maiden's Blush'

Céleste

Minette

Amelia

Königin von Dänemark

Suaveolens

Gudhem

Rosa bourbonica

Honorine de Brabant

Souvenir de la Malmaison

Wrams Gunnarstorp

Coupe d' Hébé

Mme Isaac de Pereire

Champion of the World

Bourbon Queen

Louise Odier

Gruss an Teplitz

Ferdinand Pichard

Adam Messerich

Gros chou d'Hollande

Rosa centifolia

Cristata

Variegata

Fantin Latour

Major

Parvifolia

Tour de Malakoff

Rosa centifolia muscosa

Comtesse de Murinais

Salet

Jeanne de Montfort

Henri Martin

Communis

Baron de Wassenaer

William Lobb

Captaine John Ingram

Blue Boy

Nuits de Young

Rubra

Rosa gallica

Complicata

Duchesse de Montebello

Comtesse de Lacépède

Rosa Mundi

Duchesse de Verneuil

Officinalis

Duc de Guiche

Cardinal de Richelieu

Rose du Maite d'Ecole

Charles de Mills

Belle de Crécy

Tuscany

Scharlachglut

Alain Blanchard

Camaieux

Violacea

Aimable Amie

Jenny Duval

Agathe Incarnata

Duchesse d'Angoulême

Rosa × damascena

Trigintipetala

York and Lancaster

Celsiana

St Nicholas

Ispahan

La ville de Bruxelles

Mme Hardy

Blush Damask

Hebe's Lip

Rosa damascea bifera

Duchesse de Rohan

Rose des Quatre Saisons

Rose de Provins

Rose de Rescht

Rosa moschata

Felicia

Francesca

Rosa portlandica

The Portland Rose

Arthur de Sansa

Jacques Cartier

Comte de Chambord

Mme Boll

Rosa pimpinellifolia

Stanwell Perpetual

Poppius

Flore plena

Karl Förster

Aicha

Frühlingsduft

Rosa chinensis

Old Blush

Vres Roses

Schneezwerg

Thérèse Bugnet

Jens Munk

Martin Frobisher

Souvenir de Philémon Cochet

Fracofurtana Roses

Frankfurt

Remontant Roses (hybrida bifera)

Souvenir de Alphonse Lavallée

Archiduchesse Elizabeth d´Autriche

Various Origin Forsby Herrgård

Clair Martin

Prairie Dawn

Geschwinds Nordlandrose

Rosa sancta

Climbing Roses

Seagull

Tausendschön

Mme Gregoire Stachelin

Rosa Longicuspis

White Dorothy

Dorothy Perkins

Ilse Krohn Superior

Rosa multiflora - Japanese climbing rose

Rosa arvensis – Splenden

### The Wine Garden

Due to Rosendals far stretching biodynamic ideals, the wine production does of course also follows the same system of biodynamic cultivation, and the wine that is produced is called biodynamic wine. The production does not include any chemical additives, only the heat from the sun and nourishment from the earth. Today 7 different grapes are cultivated. All of them are planted around the orangery and most of the vines come from Baltic.

## The Trust Fund of Rosendals Trädgård

Since 1982 the Rosendals Trädgård has been operated and administrated by the trust fund of Rosendals Trädgård. The trust fund has no private economic stakeholders or interest of making profit. The only economic interest of the trust fund is to make sure that the economic return from the shops, bakery and plant house cover wages as well as house and machine maintenance. The trust fund is completely self-supporting and receives no economic contribution from the municipality.

