Goilalan languages
# Goilalan languages

The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020).

## Languages

The languages are,

* Fuyug
* Tauade
* Northern (Kunimaipa): Biangai, Kunimaipa, Weri

The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects.

## Pronouns

Pronouns are:

* Northern: 1sg ne, 2sg ni, 3sg pi
* Tauade/Fuyug: 1sg na, 2sg nu

Tauade also has the possessive pronouns ne-ve, ni-e.

## Vocabulary comparison

The following basic vocabulary words are from SIL field notes (1973, 1975, 1980), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:

    glossFuyugTauade head hul ha; ondobekɔrɔtɔ hair are; hul halumaawutu ear gadolokepapaí eye hul li; imtavai nose hul hunga; ungekiːtʰ tooth hul usinɔtɔvai tongue hul aseseaivi leg sogalɔ'vai louse hidautʰ dog ho; oikɔveřa pig ovopɔřu bird Nemba; nembekide egg hulombomutuwu blood tanail'iví bone hudekeniví skin hul hoda; odekɔtipai breast hul dudadata tree i'ieata man A'a; anbaře woman Amu; amuriiva sun evulivatava moon hamaɔne water ʒuipi fire okie'na·m stone zoevi'ti road, path enamba; inambebɔřiƀařa name ifaape'te eat huni neneɔmei nai one fidakɔne two ʒuvalokupal'iai

## Evolution

Fuyuge reflexes of purported proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:

* baba ‘father’ < *mbapa
* sabe ‘saliva’ < *si(mb,p)at
* magata ‘mouth, jaw’ < *maŋgat[a]
* mele-pila ‘tongue’ < *mele-mbilaŋ
* imu ‘eye’ < *(ŋg,k)amu
* ije ‘tree’ < *inda
