T (hieroglyph)
# T (hieroglyph)

t (or "feminine") Bread bun "semicircle" :

Egyptian hieroglyphs :

The ancient Egyptian Bread bun hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. X1 for the side view of a bread bun. It is also the simple shape of a semicircle. The hieroglyph is listed under the Gardiner category of loaves and cakes.

## "Bread bun/semi-circle" as feminine determiner

Besides alphabetic-t, the bread bun is used for words that are feminine, as an end qualifying determinant, often shown before other qualifying ideograms or determinants in the hieroglyphic word block-(quadrat hieroglyphic block). It is one of the most frequently used signs in hieroglyphic writing.

## Palermo Stone

The t hieroglyph is used extensively throughout the Palermo Stone of the 24th to 23rd century BC, and it is used in the first row (Row I of VI), for the naming of King Tiu of Lower Egypt (a King of the North).

### Palermo Stone, King Series, Row I (predynastic)

The following is the list of predynastic pharaohs (Nile Delta north) represented on the Palermo Piece of the 7–piece Palermo Stone: The sequence is in the proper order with the beginning Pharaoh on the right: (reading right-to-left, seven complete names pictured in year-registers):

* Mekh, Wazner, Neheb, Thesh, Tiu (Tiu), Khayu, Hsekiu.
* Owl...Papyrus...Ripple......Tether...Bread&Feather.Bivalve...Cloth
* Belly.....Fish......Plow........Lake.............Quail.........Newborn...Ka

Note: On the Palermo Stone all the hieroglyphs face in the other direction (Gardiner signs are only facing left; on the stone they face right (reading right-to-left)). The source of the following Pharaohs is only from this King List; a few have artifacts that further confirm their reign (the Double Falcon King). The pharaohs deficient in information are: Hsekiu, Khayu, Tiu (pharaoh), Thesh, Neheb, Wazner, Mekh.

| Preceded by (start of T) | Breadbun or "feminine" t | Succeeded by Land ti |
| - | - | - |

* Narmer Palette detail, from late 3rd millennium Ancient Egypt
* Nile River flood levels recorded on 1-piece of the 7—piece Palermo Stone. Note the 2-uses of t.
* Palermo piece (at Palermo Museum), of the 7—piece Palermo Stone

## The Egyptian hieroglyph alphabetic letters

The following two tables show the Egyptian uniliteral signs. (24 letters, but multiple use hieroglyphs)

| a | y | ' | (w,u) | B |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| P | M | N | R | H1 |
| H2 | Kh2 | S | (Sh)=Š | Q/K2 |
| K | T | Ch—Tj | D | Dj |
| L/(R) (special) (Ptolemaic, etc.) | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| a | i (ee) | y ii | ' ah, (aïn) | w, (u) (oo) | B |
| P | F | M | N | R | H1 |
| H2 | (Kh)1 | (Kh)2 | S | Sh (Sh) | K emphatic |
| K | G | T | Tj Ch Tsh | D | Dj |
| (additionally 4 for vert/horiz) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| M (horiz) M2-Plinth | N (vert) (see: N (red crown)) | S (vert) S (folded) cloth) | | | M (3rd-M -2nd-vert) M3-Baker's tool (vertical) |
| (additionally 3 for equivalents) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| (2 reeds) is— (2 strokes) y2-Two strokes | (quail) is— (coil) letter w, u (see w2-Coil) | | T (no. 2) T2-Pestle | | |
