Demographics of Guinea-Bissau
# Demographics of Guinea-Bissau

This is a demography of the population of Guinea-Bissau including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

## Ethnic groups

The population of Guinea-Bissau is ethnically diverse with distinct languages, customs, and social structures. Most Guineans, 99%, are Black people — mostly Fula and Mandinka-speakers concentrated in the north and northeast, the Balanta and Papel, living in the southern coastal regions, and the Manjaco and Mancanha, occupying the central and northern coastal areas.

Most of the rest, 1% of its total population, are mestiços of mixed Portuguese and black descent, including Cape Verdean minority. Due to the exodus of most Portuguese settlers after independence, less than 1% of Guinea-Bissauans are pure Portuguese. The country also has a Chinese minority, including Macanese people of mixed Portuguese and Cantonese blood from Macau.

Most people are farmers. 38%-45% are Muslims - this makes Guinea-Bissau the only Portuguese-speaking nation with a sizable Muslim population. Most Muslims are Sunnis. The rest of the population are pagans, principally the Balanta, and Christians, mostly Roman Catholics.

## Population

According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 2,026,778 in 2022. The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 43.17%, 53.75% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.08% was 65 years or older. The proportion of the population below the age of 15 in 2010 was 41.3%, 55.4% were aged between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% were aged 65 years or older.

| | Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 1950 | 518 000 | 38.8 | 57.6 | 3.6 |
| 1955 | 566 000 | 41.9 | 54.9 | 3.2 |
| 1960 | 593 000 | 41.3 | 55.7 | 3.0 |
| 1965 | 598 000 | 41.3 | 55.6 | 3.1 |
| 1970 | 603 000 | 37.0 | 59.7 | 3.3 |
| 1975 | 694 000 | 41.0 | 55.7 | 3.3 |
| 1980 | 835 000 | 42.1 | 54.4 | 3.5 |
| 1985 | 922 000 | 45.4 | 51.1 | 3.5 |
| 1990 | 1 017 000 | 43.8 | 52.8 | 3.5 |
| 1995 | 1 125 000 | 44.1 | 52.6 | 3.4 |
| 2000 | 1 241 000 | 43.1 | 53.6 | 3.3 |
| 2005 | 1 368 000 | 42.4 | 54.4 | 3.2 |
| 2010 | 1 515 000 | 41.3 | 55.4 | 3.3 |
| 2020 | 1 927 104 | 43.2 | 53.8 | 3.1 |

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2019) (Data refer to national projections.):

| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | 790 873 | 813 688 | 1 604 561 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 137 507 | 131 104 | 268 611 | 16.74 |
| 5–9 | 125 195 | 118 976 | 244 171 | 15.22 |
| 10–14 | 91 543 | 90 827 | 182 370 | 11.37 |
| 15–19 | 85 443 | 84 441 | 169 884 | 10.59 |
| 20–24 | 72 130 | 70 537 | 142 667 | 8.89 |
| 25–29 | 67 422 | 69 259 | 136 681 | 8.52 |
| 30–34 | 54 779 | 60 638 | 115 417 | 7.19 |
| 35–39 | 46 871 | 55 153 | 102 024 | 6.36 |
| 40–44 | 30 186 | 34 773 | 64 959 | 4.05 |
| 45–49 | 25 238 | 30 395 | 55 633 | 3.47 |
| 50–54 | 17 056 | 20 282 | 37 338 | 2.33 |
| 55–59 | 15 067 | 18 335 | 33 402 | 2.08 |
| 60–64 | 9 076 | 11 570 | 20 646 | 1.29 |
| 65-69 | 6 482 | 6 899 | 13 381 | 0.83 |
| 70-74 | 3 823 | 5 014 | 8 837 | 0.55 |
| 75-79 | 1 806 | 2 881 | 4 687 | 0.29 |
| 80+ | 1 249 | 2 604 | 3 853 | 0.24 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 354 245 | 340 907 | 695 152 | 43.32 |
| 15–64 | 423 268 | 455 383 | 878 651 | 54.76 |
| 65+ | 13 360 | 17 398 | 30 758 | 1.92 |

## Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Guinea-Bissau not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

| Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR* | CDR* | NC* | TFR* | IMR* |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1950-1955 | 30 000 | 18 000 | 12 000 | 54.9 | 33.5 | 21.4 | 7.41 | 211 |
| 1955-1960 | 25 000 | 17 000 | 7 000 | 42.3 | 29.5 | 12.8 | 5.88 | 201 |
| 1960-1965 | 25 000 | 16 000 | 9 000 | 42.3 | 27.4 | 14.9 | 5.88 | 191 |
| 1965-1970 | 21 000 | 15 000 | 6 000 | 35.6 | 24.8 | 10.8 | 4.78 | 182 |
| 1970-1975 | 36 000 | 18 000 | 18 000 | 55.7 | 27.3 | 28.4 | 7.34 | 174 |
| 1975-1980 | 35 000 | 19 000 | 15 000 | 45.5 | 25.3 | 20.3 | 6.11 | 165 |
| 1980-1985 | 42 000 | 21 000 | 21 000 | 47.9 | 23.5 | 24.4 | 6.70 | 153 |
| 1985-1990 | 44 000 | 21 000 | 23 000 | 45.8 | 22.1 | 23.7 | 6.68 | 145 |
| 1990-1995 | 48 000 | 23 000 | 26 000 | 45.2 | 21.2 | 24.0 | 6.54 | 141 |
| 1995-2000 | 51 000 | 24 000 | 27 000 | 42.8 | 19.9 | 22.9 | 6.05 | 134 |
| 2000-2005 | 54 000 | 24 000 | 29 000 | 41.1 | 18.5 | 22.5 | 5.66 | 126 |
| 2005-2010 | 57 000 | 25 000 | 32 000 | 39.3 | 17.5 | 21.9 | 5.27 | 119 |
| * CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) |||||||||

### Life expectancy

| Period | Life expectancy in Years |
| - | - |
| 1950–1955 | 35.88 |
| 1955–1960 | 37.19 |
| 1960–1965 | 38.63 |
| 1965–1970 | 40.60 |
| 1970–1975 | 42.48 |
| 1975–1980 | 44.49 |
| 1980–1985 | 46.60 |
| 1985–1990 | 48.18 |
| 1990–1995 | 49.99 |
| 1995–2000 | 51.81 |
| 2000–2005 | 52.68 |
| 2005–2010 | 54.18 |
| 2010–2015 | 56.00 |

## Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.

* One birth every 8 minutes
* One death every 28 minutes
* One net migrant every 360 minutes
* Net gain of one person every 11 minutes

The following demographic are from the independent Guinea-Bissau Statistical Service and from the CIA World Factbook unless otherwise indicated.

### Population

    2,026,778 (2022 est.)
    1,833,247 (July 2018 est.)
    1,596,677 (July 2011 est.)

### Religions

Muslim 46.1%, folk religions 30.6%, Christian 18.9%, other or unaffiliated 4.4% (2020 est.)

### Age structure

    0-14 years: 43.17% (male 417,810/female 414,105)
    15-24 years: 20.38% (male 192,451/female 200,370)
    25-54 years: 30.24% (male 275,416/female 307,387)
    55-64 years: 3.12% (male 29,549/female 30,661)
    65 years and over: 3.08% (male 25,291/female 34,064) (2020 est.)
    0-14 years: 43.55% (male 400,666 /female 397,704)
    15-24 years: 20.23% (male 181,286 /female 189,515)
    25-54 years: 29.9% (male 259,762 /female 288,300)
    55-64 years: 3.29% (male 27,621 /female 32,611)
    65 years and over: 3.04% (male 24,331 /female 31,451) (2018 est.)

### Birth rate

    36.45 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 12nd
    37.3 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 13th

### Death rate

    7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 106th
    8.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 79th

### Total fertility rate

    4.69 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 14th
    4.81 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 18th

### Population growth rate

    2.53% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 21st
    2.48% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 23rd
    1.988% (2011 est.)

### Median age

    total: 18 years. Country comparison to the world: 214th
    male: 17.4 years
    female: 18.6 years (2020 est.)
    total: 17.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 216th
    male: 17.2 years
    female: 18.5 years (2018 est.)

### Contraceptive prevalence rate

    20.6% (2018)
    16% (2014)

### Net migration rate

    -3.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 188th
    -3.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 189th

### Life expectancy at birth

    total population: 63.68 years. Country comparison to the world: 207th
    male: 61.45 years
    female: 65.99 years (2022 est.)
    total population: 61.4 years (2018 est.)
    male: 59.2 years (2018 est.)
    female: 63.6 years (2018 est.)
    total population: 50.23 years
    male: 48.21 years
    female: 52.31 years (2015 est.)

### Dependency ratios

    total dependency ratio: 80.4 (2015 est.)
    youth dependency ratio: 75.2 (2015 est.)
    elderly dependency ratio: 5.2 (2015 est.)
    potential support ratio: 19.3 (2015 est.)

### Urbanization

    urban population: 45% of total population (2022)
    rate of urbanization: 3.22% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
    urban population: 43.4% of total population (2018)
    rate of urbanization: 3.41% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

### Sex ratio

* at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
* 0–14 years: 1 male(s)/female
* 15–24 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
* 25–54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
* 55–64 years: 0.6 male(s)/female
* 65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female
* total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2015 est.)

### Nationality

    noun:Guinean (s)
    adjective:Guinean

### Ethnic groups

* Fulani 28.5%
* Balanta 22.5%
* Mandinga 14.7%
* Papel 9.1%
* Manjaco 8.3%
* Beafada 3.5%
* Mancanha 3.1%
* Bijago 2.1%
* Felupe 1.7%
* Mansoanca 1.4%
* Balanta Mane 1%
* Other 1.8%
* None 2.2%

### Languages

* Crioulo 90.4%
* Portuguese 27.1% (official)
* French 5.1%
* English 2.9%
* Other 2.4%

### Education expenditures

    2.9% of GDP (2019) Country comparison to the world: 155th

### Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

    total population: 59.9%
    male: 71.8%
    female: 48.3% (2015 est.)

### Major infectious diseases

    degree of risk: very high (2020)
    food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
    vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever
    water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
    animal contact diseases: rabies

note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Guinea-Bissau is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an "infected" person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine.

