1805 in Germany
# 1805 in Germany

Events from the year 1805 in Germany.

## Incumbents

### Holy Roman Empire

* Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)

**Important Electors**

* Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 1803 – 6 August 1806)
* Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 1799 – 6 August 1806)
* Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 1763 – 20 December 1806)
* Würzburg- Ferdinand III (25 December 1805 – 6 August 1806)
* Württemberg - Frederick I (1803 – 30 October 1816)

### Kingdoms

* Kingdom of Prussia
   * Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)

### Grand Duchies

* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
   * Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
   * Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)
* Grand Duke of Oldenburg
   * Wilhelm (6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
   * Peter I (2 July 1823 – 21 May 1829)
* Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
   * Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

### Principalities

* Schaumburg-Lippe
   * George William (13 February 1787 – 1860)
* Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
   * Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)
* Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
   * Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)
* Principality of Lippe
   * Leopold II (5 November 1802 – 1 January 1851)
* Principality of Reuss-Greiz
   * Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 – 29 January 1817)
* Waldeck and Pyrmont
   * Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)

### Duchies

* Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
   * Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)
* Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
   * Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
* Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
   * Francis (8 September 1800 – 9 December 1806)
* Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
   * Bernhard II (24 December 1803 – 20 September 1866)
* Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
   * Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)

## Other

* Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
   * Louis I (6 April 1790 – 14 August 1806)

## Events

* 7 April – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3, Eroica, has its public premiere at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna under his baton.
* 9 April - The first Weltsekttag to celebrate the resistance to Napoleon.
* 8 October – Battle of Wertingen
* 9 October – Battle of Günzburg
* 11 October – Battle of Haslach-Jungingen
* 14 October – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition – Ulm Campaign: Battle of Elchingen – An Austrian corps under Johann von Riesch is defeated by Marshal Ney, near Elchingen, Bavaria.
* 16–19 October – War of the Third Coalition: Ulm Campaign – Battle of Ulm: Austrian General Mack von Leiberich is forced to surrender his entire army to Napoleon, after being surrounded.
* 3 November – Treaty of Potsdam
* 20 November – Beethoven's only opera Fidelio, in its original form (known retrospectively as Leonore), is premiered at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, which at this time is under French military occupation.
* German Army surgeon Philipp Bozzini invents the lichtleiter, ancestor of the endoscope, for examination of bodily orifices.
* Grand Duchy of Würzburg is established.

## Births

* 27 January – Samuel Palmer, English artist (died 1881)
* 13 February – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician (died 1859)
* 8 April – Hugo von Mohl, German botanist (died 1872)
* 30 July – Rudolf Wagner, German anatomist, pathologist (died 1864)
* 27 September – George Müller, Prussian evangelist, founder of the New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol in England (died 1898)
* 14 November – Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer, pianist (died 1847)

## Deaths

* 17 January – Paschen von Cossel, German lawyer (born 1714)
* 20 February – Justus Claproth, German jurist, inventor of the de-inking process of recycled paper (born 1728)
* 9 May – Friedrich Schiller, German playwright (born 1759)
* 5 October - Eleonore Prochaska, German heroine soldier (born 1785)
