NEW Yong. Aug. q. 1876.

TO the E4iio, efa. Union
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tenn appears to give the convention the most trouble.


The time is rapidly approaching for the conclusion


OF It's labors, for, my memory serves me, the peo-


pie are 10 vote on the adoption OF whatever eonsti-


tuition they may form, in November next, To Gem


plete its work and lay results before the people in


time for them TO make up their minds as TO the mer-


its ofthe same before voting, the time Is sufficiently
/ limited Some features of the new instrument will


necessarily challenge discussion. II the new constl-


tuition shall be accepted by the people at the ensu-


ing election the legislature 10 convene in January


will have important duties TO perform IN bringing II
! into practical operation, and IN squarlng their action
| in conformity with It's provisions


| The Commercial has stepped forward in most
| beseeching medatorial manner between the belge-


rant whig prints. Ii exhorts TO peace-but there is


no immediate prospect of pacRcaton. The spirltu-


secular whig Commercial, little touched with abo-


litionsm, (but repudating Founerism) administers a


deal Of paterna adyice-yet, Il 10 10 be feared the
| combatants will break their lances its head


needless Of random blows. IL Is to be feared that
| the Commercials counsels may be dispensed,


something after the fashion Of Dazzle, in the play,
Who finding friend involved in trouble, exclaimed,
"My dear SIR, let me give you piece Of my advice,
| for never found il of the least to myself. 4"
That of the Commercial has certainly never proved
| very profitable TO the whig party, and II Is likely
| will not prove more beneficial to the oontending
| whg organs, for they ncorrgibly pugnacious.
understand from Mr.. Bell, the British resident Of


Mosquiun, that the claims of the protectorate, ua-
der the authority of the king, extends a much


larger territory than had supposed.


The capital Of the proieeiorate is fixed at the
mouth Of the river Blue6elds north Of Sc. Juan de
Nicaragua. was permitted by MIR. Bell 10 exam
Inc private map Of the proteotorate, or OF Mos
qutD, claimed, and over which English authority
Is claimed 10 be exercised, and found the boundary
OF the same renched most seriously on the terrific
ries ofthe Guatemalan States On the northern coast
II embraces about $50 miles of rich mahogany
cOm WhI he nj HOnduraA aV
claims as its territory. British Mosqultin also, in


its greatest BREADTH passes some $50 miles into the
interior The Blueheds river runs from northwest
to southeast into the waters Of the Atlantic, through
fine high and unduating country and is said to be
nayigable for 50 miles for steamboats, and other
vessels.


On the south the proteetorate claims to take in
San Juan de Nicaragua, where we have a consul re-
siding, recognised by the government of Guatemala
and from thence passes on for $50 to 200 miles fur
ther south, including one or two valuable ports In
this extension Of claim, the proteetorate trenches


largely on the Guatemalan States Of Nicaragua and
Costa ca, including the rePuted locations of yau-
able gold mines.


The British resident exercises jurisdiction over the


large slice Of territory claimed by the State OF Hon
duras. The result is, that between the conflicting
claims of the latter and those OF the protectorae,
American trade on that part Of the coast Exceeding.


y rich in mahogany is sacrificed or doubly taxed.
learned from Mr. Bell that, in the name of the
king, he exacts from American vessels, trading on
that part Of the coast, tonnage duties each vessel


and 50 for each mahogany tree cut and carried OIL
The Honduras authorities claim to make exactlons
also to what amount, do not know This is
state Of things government should lose time
in endeavoring TO have rectihed. | asked Mr. Bell
whether his government contemplated enforcing ju-
| risdiction over all the territory in dispute all
| sides He replied that he not prepared to
| swer the question, and the course Of policy to
be pursued would depend very much upon the ma
ture of the orders from the home government. Ii is
clear to impartial mind that if England enforces
the jurisdiction Of the protectorate over the whole
surface of the territory claimed, 1t will be act of
gross usurpation towards the Central American
States IL the amount Of territory claimed comes
under the indirect control Of Great Britain she will
come in possession of from onethlrd 10 one-half of
the whole Of Central America. Have we no inter-
est in such result Do not these facts Justify the
sending out able intelligent, and faithful men rep
at the ports and capital of the United States
Of Central America, or Guatemala


The English, besides the resident representative
Of the protectorste, Mr.. Bell, (hmself enterpr-
sing and intelligent man, has also consul general
Of Mosqutn, residing at Bluefeds, in the person
Of Mr.. Walker. am not aware that we have any
consular agent or other representative on the Mos
quito coast Consequently the greater part of the
trade from that quarter has been long confined to
English houses in Jamaica, understand there is
no opposition to Americans trading to the coast pro-
vided the jurisdiction Of the protectorate be respect
ed. On the contrary, Americans freely invited
to 90 there and engage in any pursuit they please


Mr.. Bell states that the English claim to the pro-
tectorae, under the authority of the king of Mosqu-
Ia, Mosquitin, dates back to the time Of Charles
II, during whose reign English nobeman, visit
ing the coast carried a son of the king to Jamaica
and had him educated. He states that the present
king or prince was educated at the same place, is a
good scholar, can speak and write English, French,
&c. He says tender of the whole state of Mos
quitn in fee has been made to England, but she de-
clined its acceptance.


Mr.. Bell, during his four years. residence in the
country, has not failed to make himself acquainted
with the best locality for constructing water COM
muncation from one sea to the other, which was


noticed in the Albion Of February last.


1t will be observed by looking at the narrowest
part of the isthmus on map, between Porto Beilo
and Panama, that owing to curve the direction OF
the strip of land at this point runs nearly east and


vest consequently Porto Bello lies on the northeast
and Panama on the southeast of the isthmus. I'm


mediately to the east Of line passing from one port


to the otheris fine independent tribe of Aborgines,
called the San Bias Indians, stretching from one sea
to the other. He says New Grenada claims nom
ina jurisdiction the Indians, but that they are


perfectly independent and maintain distinct govern
| ment Of their own. He states the best route for a


shipcanal railroad from one ocean to the other,
passes from the blight of Mandingo bay, on the At
| lantc side, to point near Panama on the Pacific
| coast lie has strongly recommended this route to
his government in preference to all other, and sup
ported it by many arguments. ] understand Mr..
Bell contempates writing book on Central Ameri-


ca, for which he is eminently qualified His adven-
| lures among the Circassans were very remarkable.


He lived with them in their camps during some Sc
we're conflicts with the Russians travelled through


mountains visited their towns and villages and OBJ


served their customs and manners His enterprise
and love Of travel is somewhat national trait, for


Mr.. Bell is a native of Scotland, whose people have


so often been denomnated "the Yankees of Eu-


rope" and very shrewd ones at that.


| Yours &c, G.
New YoRK, Aug. %, l846.
To The Editor Of The Union:


The mail for the Caledonia will close in this city
L IN Mnnda,r In he time tun rin