thi. land that ha. so grisvously suffered from the

o2Ah5
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247,269
r.. ."-H" 22O55


Only ttoenty-t,oo btousand and 6y:ips poies Of dE
ference IN southern States, The people suffer
ing, and give such a vote as this THE effect Of
which was 10 perpetuate their suforiDgs Sir, Il is
impossible to suppose this North Carolina elect
ed her governor under the protective banner, So,
report says, did Tennessee. Can any man deny,
parry, or avoid the force Of this evidence in favor of
the measure in .he SOUTH Sir, in this immense ter
ritory, only twenty-five thousand votes Of differ
ence have not included South Carolina, because
did not know her vote, she elected her electors
by the Legislature; have included Kentucky,
with her majority on the other side. Why, then,
ruin portion Of the Union for the benefit OF those
who are not injured Is t desired TO be done for
the purpose Of carrying out some abstraction, that
you propose this great change in your policy j
hope not-l trust not. An abstraction What is il !
Sir, Il Is fgment Of ffancy-a--nothing- alb
straction--a nonenuty passing dehle so narrow as
to retard its progress il is impraetcability super
refined Is il for this you will make great change
to affect interests in that portion Of the Union where
all parties unite in agreeing that the effect will be in
iurious-disastrous And what is more, sir, if
had exhibited the tariff votes given throughout the
Union, where they constitute majorities and minorl
ties, the aggregate would have been an immense
onty for the tarf-a tariff in principle like that OF
1872 II not Identical


But much had been said about the presidential
contest in Pennsylvania; and | will tell, as have
promised, how we conducted il there as far as
could observe. In our public addresses we quoted
az follows


From h. CiGyS Raleigh spsseh.


I'VE must reject both the doctrines Of free trade and
high and exorbln tariff The parsans Of each must make
ground On wheh both can stand and rsasc, that
fnehar has obtained all that II desires, has secured
its friends and counymen There very few who dis.
sent from the opinion that In time peace the federal
sorting internal taxation Here is basis for sccommo-
dalton and mutual satisfaetion Let the amount, which 10
requisite Tor an economical administration Of the
ment when we not engaged in war he raised exclu.
sVsy on ioreign impos and in adjusting tariff for thai
purpose let such determinations be made will foster and
encourage our domestic industry All parties ought
to be satisfied with tariff for revenue, and determinations
for protection" ..... .H... ...
We then would read from Mr.. Pslk's letter to
John X. Kane:


"DsAR have received recently several letters In
reference to opinions the subject of the tariff and
among others, yours OF the 3oth umo My opinions
this subject have been oen given the public They
to be found in my public acts and in the public discussions


II favor Of tariff for revenue such a one as will
yield sufficient amount TO the treasury to defay the
adjusting the details Of revenue tariff have heretofore
sanctioned such moderate discriminating duties would
afford reasonable Incidental protection home
try am opposed to tariff for protection merely and
| for reveEue.n - a... &. .r'. :. .....





in principle, the candidates agreed this subject
indeed, the only percepble difference between these
declarations, was the word exclusively, which was
used in the one case TO indicate exclusion of the
proceeds of the public lands funds to be applied
10 the ordinary expenses of the government. In
Mr.. Folks letter the word was not used and pre-
| sumo no such exclusion contemplated by
him. In principle, that is in the means by which
protection to be affoTded--namely, through q
| tariff for revenue, both candidates upon these ex-
l. =. a
| about the application Of the proceeds of the pub
lie lands the receipts for which had been greatly
diminished for some time before, and at the pe-
rod of this contest We therefore insisted that
| the one good tariff man as the other.
We also showed that Mr.. Clay had declared in
his Charleston speech his adherence to the compro-
mise act, of which he had been the author and the
fatal effects of which Pennsylvania had recently but
too bitterly experienced. We showed his letter TO
DR.. Bronson, in which he claimed that after his re-
turn to Congress, his efforts had been directed to
| the reduction of existing rates of duties, and that
much less protection was needed than formerly
And we also quoted against him his declaration in
| the Senate, which annihilaed the whole ground of
supposed difference between him and MIR. Polk, to
w.t. that he not in favor of "protection for pro-
| lection" From all these things, and many more
quotations from letters and speeches of Mr. Clay
we inferred and insisted upon that the existence
and niantenance of the tariff were as safe in the
hands of Mr.. Polk as Mr.. Clay. This was the
ground taken by all our prominent men, so far as
can recollect. About the Goth September, 1874
MIR, Clay's letter to whig committee in Pennsyl-
vhnia, appea red in which he declared his adherence
to the tariff of 1912. This letter appearing at so
late PERIOD and differing widely from other de
clarations made in the south, was not relied on by
the people as changing the position of Mr. Clay at
all, although constantly quoted by his friends. The
candidates thus standing the tariff question, there
were many other issues which Mr. Clay was known
to favor, all of which the majority in Pennsylvania
had frequently decided against, TO wit: the bank,
distribution, the bankrupt law, &c. SC. Determin.
ing that the deliberate declarations have quoted
and referred to, placed both gentlemen about an
equal footing to the course each would pursue in
the event of election in regard to the tariff, the
people had no hesitation in casting their votes against
Mr. Clay on the issues that he was known to favor
and which were Objectionable with them. l have
not time to follow the matter further; but now, as
then, insist upon it, that from the evidence fairly
considered we deduced legitimate and proper con-
clusions. Sir 1t would have been hard matter for
Pennsylvania to have cast her vote for Mr. Clay un-
der any circumstances. She had ever opposed him,
and considered herself consistent with all her interests
in doing so again. Mr.. Polk had declared himself in
favor Of tariff for revenue "dscriminatingn for
protection This was his letter, sir, and this was
all we asked, all we desired, all we now desire.
Discriminate for protection in raising revenue and
interests will be sufficiently protected. We call
the tariff Of 1S42 tariff for revenue; it has yielded
about the adequate amount, and has worked well for
protection. Is not this what we are TO havei IL is
oil asked, sir. Instead Of this the Committee Of
Ways and Means give us bill for revenue merely
discriminating for revenue This is a new position;
we adhere to the old one, and ask its maintenance


Sir we insist upon il that the tariff of 1942 has
been equally beneficial all the great interests of
the country, viz: agriculture, commerce, and manu-
factures. The product Of the former has increased
in the aggregate vastly within the last three
years, and may be estimated at between seven and
eight hundred millions Of dollars; and if prices are
now low, it is owing to the superabundance of agr
cultural products Let us look at commerce for a
moment and see how in has advanced.


1912, imports sl0O, ,l62,ls7; 1S45, sll7, ,257, ,564
increase IL per cent


1s42, exports slO9, ,69l ,534; 1s45, s1l4,6466o6;
increase 8 $40 per cent. ...-..


lSi2 tonnage l29,0S3 tons; ls45, l46,0ls tons;