He has refused to pass other laws, for
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people, unless those people would relin-
quish the right of representation in the
legislature--a right inestimable to them,
and formidable to tyrants only.


He has called together legislative boz
dies, at places unusual, uncomfortable,
and distant from the repository of their
public records, for the sole purpose Of ia
tigulng them into compliance with his
measures.


He has dissolved representative houses,
repeatedly, for opposing with manly firm
ness his-inyasions of the rights of the peo-
pie.


He has refused, for long time after
such dissouiions, to cause others to be
| elected; whereby the Legislative powers,
incapable of annihilalion: have returned to
the people at large, for their exercise; the
state remaining, in the mean time, expo
sed to all the danger of invasion from with
out, and commissions within.


He has endeavored to prevent the pop
ulatlon of these states; for that purpose
obstructing the laws for naturalization of
foreigners; refusing to pass others to en-
courage their migration hither, and raising
the condition of new appropriations Of
lands.


! He has obstrucied the administration of
justice, by refusing his assent to laws, for
establishing judiciary powers.


He has made judges dependent on his
will alone for the tenure OF their Offices,
and the amount and payment Of their sal
aries.


He has erected multitude of new off.
ces, and sent hiher swarms of officers,
to harrass our people, and cat out their
substance.


lie has kept among us, in times of
peace, standing armies, without the con-
sent of our legislature.


lie has affected 10 render the military
Independent of, and superior to, the civil
power.


He has combined with others to subject
us to a jurisdiction, foreign to our consti-
tuition, and unacknowledged by our laws;
giving his assent to their acts of pretended
legislation.


Fer quartering large bodies of armed
troops among us:


For protecting them, by mock trial,
from punishment for any murders which
they should commit on the inhabitants of
these states:


For cutting of our trade with all parts
Of the world


For imposing taxes on us without our
consent:


For deprving us, in many cases, of the
benefits Of trial by jury:


For transporting us beyond the seas, to
be tried for pretended offences,


For abolishing the free system of Eng
lish laws in a neighboring province, es-
tablishing therein an arbitrary government,
and enlarging its boundaries, so as to rem
der it at once an example and fit instru-
ment, for introducing the same absolute
rules into these colonies:


For taking away our charters, abolish
ing our most valuable laws, and altering
fundamentally the powers of our govern
mcnts:


For suspcnding our legislatures, and
declaring themselves invested with power
to legislate for us in all eases whatsoever.


He has abdicated government here, by
declaring us put Of his protection, and
waging war against us.


He has plundered our seas, ravaged
our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroy
ed the lives of our people.


He is, at this time, transporting large
armies of foreign mcrcenaries to complete
the works Of death, desola.ion and tyran-
my, already began, with circumstances of
cruelty and pcriidy scarcely paralleled in
the most barbarous ages, and totally un-
worthy the head of civilized nation.


He has constrained our fellow-cilizens,
taken captive on the high seas, to bear
arms against their country, to become the
executioners of their friends and brethren,
or to fall themselves by their hands.


He has excited domestic instructions
amongst us and has endcovorcd to bring
on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the
merciless Indian savages, whose known
rule of warfare is an undistnguished de-
structon of all ages, sexes, and conditions.


In every stage of these expressions, we
have petitioned for redress, in the most
humble terms; our repeated petitions have
been answered only by repeated injury.
A Prince, whose character is thus marked
by every act which may define tyrant,