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THE PUBLIC LANDs.-sIR. oLAY's DILL.

 No. Y.

 7he Effects of .Mr. Cleg's proposed sg5iaat

 on tke local and geaefal interests of the

 United Staies. C

 What promise of advantage IS there to the United States or any portion of them which can furnish justification for these palpable violations of fundamental law and acts of bad faith! Does the salvation, the happiness, the prosperity, or even the in- terests of our States or our people, require that all which IS sacred in public morality and honor, shall be sacrificed to maintain itl No. So far from being beneficial to the Union or any part of 1t, this scheme if ever carried into effect, will be injurious to the old States and disastrous 10 the new.

 The proceeds of the safes oi the public lands which are likely to come into tho Treasury annually, at the present prices, may be estimated at about $2, 400, ,00O.- Now, is 1t not evident, that if this sum be taken out of the Treasury, and given to the States annually, it's place must be sup piled by another S2,40O,000 collected in some way from the people of lie Slages2 Must they not be taxed enough higher, ei- ther by duties on imported goods, or by a direct tax. to replace in the Treasury that which IS to be abstracted and given to their State government? And what advantage is it to thepeople, if you give them S2, ,4o0,- 900 out of, the Treasury in oae aa0e, and collect from them the same sum to replace it in aaother2 Would 1t not be better to let the first $2,400, ,00o remain in tho Treas,.- ry2

 In this case, however, the gratllitg and the tax will not be reciprocal. Before q distribution IS to be made, one-eiahih olfhe $S,i00, ,00o IS to be deducted Us an extka gratulty to a few new States, leaving s. 100000 to be divided among the whole twenty-four. All the old States, therefore, including Kentucky and Tennessee, will seeeire only their proportion of S2,Ioo.000, when they will have to pay their proportion of S2,4o0,000.

 Let us illustrate this fact by reference to a particular State. The federal ronsesen. tative population of Virginia, as shown by the appoftionment Of fRepresentatiyes is I0 that of the whele Union as 2l to 240. Her annual contribution according to that raiio. towards making mp tlsa s2.40o. .00o fo hel