FENCES. PASTURES, &c.
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FENCES, PASTURES, &c.


Give vo,r fences general review, repair
al i've, cbrs and see that all gates, bars, &c.
80 rsrularlv shut and fastened. Cattle
n.,ylv 1et out from the yard and stables IN
which thew have been wintered, are very
ant 70 wander; and if they get habit OF
rambIing. it is very difficult to contine them.
Send YOUR boys with bats, malets, or other
nroper implements, over your moving
yrouods and pastures, to beat to pieces ana
Snread over the surface of the soil each and
every lump of manure which your cattle
have dropped the last season.--Do NOT lc'
your cattle, on any account, run upon YOU
moving ground in the spring; for the "'s-
chic. they will do by poaching the erouhu,
and biting the young grass 100 ciose' WI, va,
he ten fold more than the advantage they VIII
der;vr from the feed 1t is likewise inJnm-
m,s to pastures TO turn cattle into them too
early in the spring; and most hurtful 10
those PASTURES IN which the grass springs
earliest, as in those which are low and moist.
The cattle cut up the sward with theit lee',
so that it will produce less quantty OF
grass. DR.. Deane observed that the 9oth
OF MAY is early enough to turn cattle INTO
almost any of our pastures. out Oh some
shey should be kept later. The driest pas
sures should be used first, though IN theHi
the grass is shortest, that the poachihS Vi
the ground in the wetsest may be prevent
ed


Loudon saws ",he time of stocking pas
tures in spring, must evidently be earlier or
later. according to the climate, ana N tne
same climate according to the season; and
she state of growth which it is desirable
shat the grass should attain before being
stocked, must, in some degree be determin-
ed by the condition ana description of the
animals to be employed in consuming 1t;
whether they are only in growing state or
approaching to fatness; whether milch cows
or sheen, or mixture OF animals OF diner
ent species. 1t conveys very precise idea
respecting these points, though the remark
itself is Just, to say that the herhaee shouid
not be allowed to rise so high as to permit
the coarser plants to run to seed; ana that
1t is bad management to suffer store STOCK 10
be turned upon full bite. The great OBJ
jects to be aimed at are, that the STOCK, Of
whatever animals it may consist, should be
carried forward faster or slower, according
TO the purposes Of their owner; and that nc
part Of the herbage should be allowed to run
20 waste, or be unproftably consumed
But nothing but careful inspection OF the
land and Of the stock, from time to time, Car
enable any grazer to judge with certainty
what are the best measures tor ATTAINING
thee Notwithstanding cattle" say'
Marshall, (which are forward In flesh, ant
are intended to be finished with grass, may
require full bite at first turning out. bu
Cor cows, working oxen, and rearing cattle
and lean cattle intended to be fatted on grass
a full bite at first turning out is not requisite


With respect to the size of enclosures


csl5 IN nrpfprreU
large ONES for heavy stock. Besides the adj
yantages of shelter both to the animals ant
the herbage, small fields enable the grazie
either to separate his stock into small par
GELS, by which means they feed more q
their ease, or to give the best pastures I
that portion OF them which he wishes I
come earliest to market. The advantage
of moderate sized enclosures are we'll know
in the best grazing counties but the subdl
visions are in some instances much NOR
minute than is consistent with the value c
she ground occupied with fences, or necessa
nv for the improvement OF the stock. In a
cases, says Marshall, where tatting cattle
dairy cows make part OF the stock, an
where situation, soil and water will PERM
every sort os grazing grounds ought IN m
idea, to consist of three compartments. Or
for head stock, (as cows or fatting cattle
one for followers Gas rearing and otner lea
stock } and the third to be shut up to frest
en- for the leading stock.


Large enclosures are in general best
dapt.d for sheep These animals are NJ
only impatient of heat, and liable to be muc
injured by fiies, in small pastures often SUI
rounded by trees and high hedges, but the
are naturally with the exception perhaps


the Leicester variety, much more restle
and easily disturbed than the other speech
of live stock. "Sheep" says Lord kaime
s.love wider range and ought to have
because they delight in short grass: gi'
them eighty OF ninety acres, and any fen


will keep them in: conhne them to fie
of seven or eight acres, and it must be v
ry strong fence that keeps them nth
fields so large as eighty or ninety acres


be advisable only in hilly districts. yet t


general rule is consistent with experien'


with regard to all our least domesticated y


rieties.