International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees
# International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees

The International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees (FIET; French: Fédération internationale des employés, techniciens et cadres) was a global union federation bringing together workers representing clerical workers. The union was sometimes known as the International Federation of Employees, Technicians and Managers, or informally as the International Federation of White Collar Workers' Unions.

## History

The first attempt to create an international federation of clerical workers was the International Commercial Employees' Secretariat, founded in Hamburg in 1909, and led by Edo Fimmen. It collapsed at the start of World War I. FIET was founded in 1921, in Vienna, as its replacement.

Initially representing only European unions, after World War II the federation began admitting unions from around the world. The large majority of workers represented worked in banking, insurance, or as clerical staff in commerce and social services. In 1984, the International Secretariat of Entertainment Trade Unions became an autonomous section of the FIET.

By 1994, membership of FIET had reached 11 million. At the end of 1999, it merged with the Communications International, the International Graphical Federation, and the Media and Entertainment International, to form Union Network International.

## Leadership

### General Secretaries

    1904: Max Josephson
    1910: Edo Fimmen
    1921: Gerrit Smit
    1934: Willem Spiekman
    1958: Erich Kissel
    1973: Heribert Maier
    1989: Philip Jennings

### Presidents

    1921: Otto Urban
    1933: Joseph Hallsworth
    1947: Oreste Capocci
    1949: James Young
    1955: Friedrich Hillegeist
    1960: Algot Jonsson
    1962: Joe Hiscock
    1964: James Suffridge
    1970: Alfred Allen
    1976: Günter Stephan
    1983: Tom Whaley
    1987: Bengt Lloyd
    1991: Jochen Richert
    1994: Gary Nebeker
    1999: Maj-Len Remahl
