Question: how many years left for sun to start doing the supernovae process? 

Answer: Never!\n\nThe sun is not big enough to become supernova. You need a star of 5-8 times the mass of the sun.\n\nStars like the sun are made of 75% hydrogen, 24% helium and 1% of other stuff. Their cores are hot enough to fuse hydrogen into helium. When the hydrogen in the core is exhausted the star goes through the red giant state in which it fuses helium into heavier elements like oxygen, sulphur all the way up the periodic system upto iron.\n\nFor the sun the red giant state will start in 4-5 billion years. Time enough to move to another star.
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