Question: What licensing, certifications or business requirements are required to be considered a "Consultant?" 

Answer: You are a consultant if someone will pay you to consult with them.  Be careful, however, and avoid stepping over the line.  If you are going to be selling stock or real estate or insurance in the guise of consulting, you need to be licensed.  But pure consulting in any field is generally not licensed (and also usually not worth anything).
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