Falls are a major cause of illness and even death for the elderly, and are among the preventable causes of injury. The causes of falls for the elderly depend on several factors and may require several precautionary measures to treat any injury that caused a previous fall and prevent future falls. Falls include collapsing from a standing position or from places where a person is exposed to falling, such as stairs. The severity of the fall depends largely on the height from which the person fell, but the nature of the ground on which the person fell also plays a role in the severity of the fall; falling on a hard floor causes more damage than falling on a soft floor. Falls can be avoided by taking several measures, such as ensuring that the carpet is attached to the ground and not raised above it, keeping electrical wires away from walking areas, wearing shoes with low heels and rubber bottoms, ensuring that the person's hearing and visual abilities are working efficiently and at their best, and avoiding walking if the person is dizzy or has consumed a large amount of alcohol. The European Food Safety Authority has conducted several studies which have shown that it is preferable for the elderly, especially those over 60, to include vitamin D as a nutritional supplement to reduce the risk of falls and osteoporosis, and falls are an aspect of great importance in the field of geriatrics. Other definitions are more comprehensive and do not exclude “major events” as falls. Falls are of great importance, especially in medical treatment facilities, and fall prevention measures are a priority in health care services. In 2006, a publication was presented urging the development of a definition for naming falls due to the clear differences in its definition that appeared in several other studies. The European Association for Fall Prevention has developed a definition of falls and recorded cases resulting from falls in an attempt to alleviate this problem. ProFane states that a fall is an unexpected event in which a person falls from a high place to the ground or to a lower place. This definition developed by ProFane is now used as a framework for evaluating research and studies related to the subject of falls. Falls have many causes. A person can live with many factors that may one day lead to a fall, but the problem begins to appear with the emergence of a new, unprecedented factor. Therefore, treatment is often specific to the cause of the fall and not to treat all the factors that may lead to the accident. These factors can be divided into two groups: a group that includes the presence of a disease or a specific condition that caused the fall, and another group that includes external factors such as the surrounding environment and how it affects the fall, such as the lighting of the place. When evaluating a person who has fallen to the ground, it is important to obtain the statements of anyone else who witnessed the incident, as the person who fell may have suffered from loss of consciousness, which leads to an inaccurate description of the incident, but these witnesses are often not available. It should also be taken into account that about 30% of mentally and cognitively healthy older adults cannot remember a previous fall that occurred more than 3 months ago. Important points to examine: Fall prevention is primarily done after identifying the causes that lead to such an accident. A lot of evidence indicates that when making an effort that includes doing some exercise, the risk of future falls is reduced. There are several things that can be done to reduce the occurrence of such an incident, such as: Interventions to reduce the consequences of falls: People admitted to hospital are at risk of falling, and a randomized trial showed that the use of a set of special tools led to a decrease in the rate of falls in hospitals. Nurses prepare a complete scale of risks and factors that cause falls, through which a complete system is created aimed at addressing the main reasons that cause people to be exposed to this incident. These tools also include posters that are placed on patients’ beds with a brief text about how to prevent this incident from happening again in the future. Both the American Society and the British Society of Geriatric Medicine recommend that all older people undergo regular screening to see if they have had any type of fall in the past year; as having had this incident in the past is a major factor in its recurrence in the future. Older people who have had at least one fall in the past six months or who think they may have one in the coming months should be screened to reduce the risk of recurrent falls. Several health organizations in the United States have developed screening questionnaires. These questionnaires include questions about difficulty walking or balance, use of medications to help sleep or regulate mood, loss of sensation in the feet, vision problems, fear of falling, and use of walking aids. Older adults who report falling should be asked about their circumstances and frequency of falls to assess the risk to walking and balance that may be causing the fall. A fall risk assessment is performed by a physician and includes a history of any past falls, a physical examination, a functional assessment, and an environmental assessment. Falls increase gradually with age. According to current research, approximately one-third of older adults experience one or more falls each year, while 10% experience multiple falls each year. However, the risk is much higher for people over age 80, where the annual fall rate can reach 50%. Researchers have been working together to define falls since the 1980s and have finally come to define a fall as “an event that results in the unintentional impact of a person on the floor or other lower level and is not necessarily the result of a significant event or imminent hazard.” The impact on health care and costs of falls in older adults is increasing dramatically worldwide and the cost of falls is categorized into two types: direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs are what patients and insurance companies pay to treat injuries caused by falls. This includes fees for hospitals, nursing homes, doctors and other professional services, rehabilitation, community services, the use of medical equipment, prescription drugs, and changes to the home to ensure that the event does not occur again. Indirect costs include the loss of productive capacity of the family and the long-term effects of falls such as physical disability, dependency, and reduced quality of life. In the United States alone, the total cost of fall-related injuries for people over age 65 was $31 billion in 2015. The costs included millions of emergency room visits, nonfatal injuries, and more than 800,000 hospitalizations, and it is estimated that by 2030 the annual number of fall injuries will reach 74 million seniors.