Agnosia is the inability to perceive oneself, a condition in which a person suffers from a certain disability and is unaware of the existence of this disability. The disease was named by neurologist Joseph Babinski in 1914. Agnosia results from damage to the nerves in the right hemisphere of the brain. This condition is different from the state of denial that results from a psychological state when receiving any calamity, whether death or otherwise. Both are associated with damage to the right hemisphere of the brain. Agnosia is sometimes accompanied by a condition which is a type of neglect in which they deny ownership of their limbs. The causes of this condition are not yet known. A study has revealed that agnosia is a multifaceted phenomenon. It can manifest with a number of neurological symptoms including motor deficits, sensory deficits, spatial deficits, memory deficits, and language deficits due to an anatomical-functional defect in the insular control system. Agnosia is relatively common after many brain injuries such as strokes and traumatic brain injuries. However, it can occur in conjunction with almost any neurological deficit. It is more common in acute than chronic cases and is more evident in the assessment of cases with lesions targeting the right hemisphere than the left, but is not associated with global brain confusion, intellectual flexibility, other major intellectual disorders, or sensory or cognitive deficits. Agnosia can be selective, meaning that a person with multiple impairments may appear unaware of one impairment while being fully aware of the rest. For example, agnosia in hemiplegia can occur with full awareness of unilateral spatial visual neglect or vice versa. The phenomenon of double separation can be an indication of impairments related to a specific part of the brain that is involved in sensory perception, meaning that brain damage can selectively affect the process of self-monitoring of motor or mental functions. This condition does not appear to be directly related to sensory deficits and is thought to be the result of damage to higher-level neurocognitive processes involved in integrating sensory information with processes that support bodily or spatial representation. Agnosia is thought to be related to unilateral spatial neglect, a condition that often occurs after damage to the nondominant cerebral hemisphere, in which sufferers appear unable to perceive anything on a specific part of their body. There are several studies that show that balance stimulation can temporarily improve both unilateral spatial neglect syndrome and left hemiplegia. There have been some cases of right hemisphere agnosia following left hemisphere failure or damage, but the incidence of this condition has not been estimated. This condition is associated with Alzheimer's disease and is often presented with poor cognition in the disorder and the insistence that he is healthy and that there is no disorder in him. Agnosia can occur as part of receptive aphasia, a condition that causes poor speech comprehension and the production of fluent but incomprehensible sentences. Patients with receptive aphasia cannot correct their phonological problems and are often angry and frustrated with people who talk about their inability to understand and comprehend. Agnosia is assessed clinically by giving patients a special questionnaire to assess their scientific mental state of their problems. However, there is no complete questionnaire for this disease and there is no benefit in revealing the nature of the disease from the information taken from these questionnaires. Differences exist among patients who are not aware of their psychological problems from questionnaires, but a reluctance to participate in web-based questionnaires has been observed. For example, patients with agnosia due to hemiplegia may find excuses for not doing manual work despite not admitting it and being paralyzed in the upper limbs. Similar situations can occur in patients with agnosia due to mental disorders after brain damage resulting from accidents when monitoring their errors while performing memory and attention tasks and when predicting the results of their performance before performing them. The condition can occur in patients with dementia and patients with agnosia resulting from cognitive impairments related to dementia when they are prompted with words similar to dementia, which shows that the pre-attentional stage is being processed directly and knowledge about their memory problems is being acquired. Interestingly, patients with agnosia may overestimate their performance when asked direct questions. When evaluating the etiology of the disease in patients with stroke, computed tomography is used to determine the location and extent of damage in different areas of the brain. Stroke patients with agnosia have been associated with lesions in the superior lateral lobes and thalamus when compared to patients with mild or no agnosia. In contrast, after a stroke, people with moderate agnosia have a higher risk of lesions in the basal ganglia than those with severe agnosia. Although agnosia is a term used to describe the inability to recognize neurological damage after stroke or traumatic brain injury, the same term is used to describe the impaired insight of people with anorexia nervosa. They do not seem to be able to recognize that they have a mental illness. There is evidence that dissociative agnosia may be caused by a frontal lobe disorder. E. Voller-Touré, a psychologist and schizophrenia researcher, notes that among schizophrenic and bipolar patients, agnosia is the most common cause of medication nonadherence. There is no long-term treatment for agnosia. As with unilateral ignoring, reflex thermography is known to help alleviate the lack of awareness of neurological damage, but its mechanism of action is unknown. It is speculated that the reason lies in the fact that attention is drawn to a specific direction, which stimulates the balance system, which temporarily affects perception. Most cases recover with time, but some may never recover. In the event of non-response, patients are subjected to cognitive behavioral therapy sessions to teach them to adapt to their unresponsive limbs. Another method of treatment is to use patients’ predictions of how they will respond to a certain action before it is performed and compare them with the actual results to develop their insight. The difficulty in neurorehabilitation is that patients are unable to understand that they have a problem in the first place and therefore do not seek treatment. In the acute phase of the injury, little can be done except to create a therapeutic relationship between the patient and the therapist in order to get to the causes of confusion and anger. Since the severity of the condition changes over time, it is difficult to use a single treatment method in all cases. For psychiatric patients, studies have shown that the severity of the condition is significantly associated with irregularity in treatment and re-admission due to the severity of the condition. 15% of patients with severe cases require psychological coercion in order to maintain regular use of medications. Agnosia is significantly associated with mental problems that can interfere with the ability to adhere to treatment.