The role of family caregivers is becoming more common, and care in the familiar home environment can delay the onset of some symptoms and postpone or prevent the need for more expensive, professional levels of care. Home care can also be costly economically and psychologically, as family caregivers often give up work hours and wages to spend an average of 47 hours a week with a loved one who is ill and cannot be left alone on a frequent basis. In a 2006 survey of long-term care insureds, the direct and indirect costs of providing care for Alzheimer’s patients averaged $77,500 in the United States. Caregivers themselves are at increased risk for depression, anxiety, and, in some cases, health problems. Schulz and colleagues conclude that the transition to institutional care is most difficult for spouses, about half of whom visit their sick spouses daily and continue to provide care in addition to professional care during their visits. Clinical interventions that better prepare caregivers for the patient’s transition and address their depression and anxiety could be of great benefit to them. In a Norwegian study, Thomsen and colleagues found that the most commonly reported causes of anxiety were “disruption of household routines, difficulties leaving during holidays and festivals, restrictions on social life, and sleep disturbances…” and that these symptoms were common among caregivers of people with dementia, stroke, and Parkinson’s disease. A Japanese study by Hirono and colleagues estimated that “patients’ functional and neuropsychological impairments were the main factors that increased caregiver burden.” An Italian study by Marvardi and colleagues found that “patients’ behavioral disturbances and disability were the main indicators of time-related burden, and that psychological burden was mainly manifested in caregiver anxiety and depression.” Caregivers can experience anticipatory grief and ambiguous loss.