Phonoma is a type of agnosia or loss of knowledge, which involves disturbance in the perception of familiar sounds and impairment of phonemic discrimination abilities that the affected person is not completely disabled by. Phonoma is an auditory agnosia, an acquired auditory processing disorder resulting from brain damage. Other auditory agnosia include cortical deafness and auditory verbal agnosia, also known as pure-word deafness. Since people with phonoma do not have aphasia, it has been proposed that the structures of language comprehension are functionally separate from this sensory perception of the identity of the person speaking it. Phonoma is the auditory equivalent of prosopagnosia. Unlike phonoma, studies of phonoma have not been pursued to a large extent. Phonoma was first described in a study by Van Lancker and Cantor in 1982. Participants in the study were asked to identify which of four names or faces matched the voice of a specific famous person. However, the participants were unable to complete the task. There have since been two studies of patients with phonoma. The clinical and radiological findings with CT scans in these cases indicated that perception of familiar sounds was impaired by damage to the inferior and parietal regions of the right hemisphere, while sound discrimination was impaired by damage to the temporal lobe of one hemisphere. These studies also showed evidence of a double dissociation between sound recognition and sound discrimination. Some patients can discriminate normally but perceive the object worse; others can perceive more normally than they discriminate. Patients do not fare badly in either case. Associative phonagnosia is a form of phonagnosia that develops with dementia or other central nervous system disorders. Some research has raised questions about other phonagnosia-related disorders. Recent studies have shown that phonagnosia also causes problems in the perception of familiar instrument sounds. As with voices, they also showed a deficit in the discrimination of sounds from different instruments. Despite the inability, phonagnosia affects this area very little in phonagnosia. In the case of sound discrimination, it is a complete agnosia, but this is not the case for musical instrument sounds, because some of them can be correctly identified. The controversy has increased, as not all cases of phonagnosia show these symptoms, nor do all researchers agree that these symptoms should be attributed to the damage that causes phonagnosia. There has been increased controversy over the fact that separate areas of the brain are used to process information about language and music. This has led some researchers to doubt that this impairment is a clear symptom of the disorder. Again, more research is needed to reach a clearer conclusion. The hallmark of phonagnosia is that they can correctly perceive emotions from sounds when someone speaks to them. They can match specific emotions with facial expressions. Although surprising, these findings are felt by those with a heightened sense of self, as the limbic system, which is responsible for expressing emotions and detecting others’ emotions, is a separate system within the brain. The limbic system consists of several brain structures, including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nucleus, septum, limbic cortex, and fornix. While there is currently no cure or treatment for phonagnosia, it is clear that more research is needed to find a cure for the disorder. There is no cure for this disorder due to lack of knowledge. Further research will reveal vital information needed to develop effective treatments and therapies. The condition is severe and worsens as the disease progresses. QR and KL participated in a study of auditory and visual tasks with brain MRI. QR had only a deficit in phoneme recognition, while KL had an associative form of phonagnosia. The auditory and visual deficits could then be compared with the patient’s brain MRI. The MRI for qualitative research, a patient with frontotemporal dementia, often shows behavioral and bilateral frontotemporal variability with atrophy of the right anterior temporal lobe, but extending into the temporal lobe and including the superior temporal fissure. The cognitive MRI showed bilateral anterior temporal lobe atrophy, with more damage on the right side and in the inferior temporal cortices. The clinical diagnosis of patient KL showed a temporal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with progressive atrophy of the right temporal lobe. There has been a recent study of developmental phonagnosia. KH is a 60-year-old woman who showed all the symptoms of a phonological impairment, but no associated brain damage. In addition, KH had suffered from an inability to recognize sounds throughout her life, making her the first case of developmental phonagnosia. The study of KH turned the world’s research on phonagnosia on its head because it was thought that phonagnosia resulted only after damage to the parietal and temporal lobes. The discovery that phonagnosia could arise without structural damage suggested that the disorder could be the result of a cognitive abnormality. Given the novelty of this study, little research has been done on cognitive-based theories. Areas of interest lie in the neural connections between different regions of the parietal lobe, as well as those within the temporal lobe. Developmental phonagnosia, as the name suggests, develops as the brain develops in the womb and throughout childhood. Researchers have suggested that neurons do not make the necessary connections to correctly identify familiar and unfamiliar sounds. However, solid theories and research studies have not been formulated to test these individuals at their developmental stage.