[ICT4D 0.0] Northern [ICT4D 1.0] Pro-poor → Para-poor [ICT4D 2.0] Para-poor → per-poor [Issue // Phase] 
Innovation model
I c o n i c t e c h n o l o g y
K e y a p p l i c a t i o n
T h e p o o r
K e y g o a l
K e y i s s u e
K e y a c t o r
A t t i t u d e
I n n o v a t i o n m o d e l
D o m i n a n t d i s c i p l i n e
D e v e l o p m e n t p a r a d i g m