train.csv

text
Can brain cells move? By movement I mean long distance migration (preferably within the brain only).
"In our computer systems lecture we were introduced to the MIPS processor. It was (re)developed over the course of the term and has in fact been quite easy to understand. It uses a RISC design, that is its elementary commands are regularly encoded and there are only few of them in order to keep the wires simple.
It was mentioned that CISC follows a different philosophy. I looked briefly at the x86 instruction set and was shocked. I can not image how anyone would want to build a processor that uses so complex a command set!
So I figure there have to be good arguments why large portions of the processor market use CISC architectures. What are they? "
"View tabular file such as CSV from command line, having horizontal and vertical scrolling would be great."
"Slater type orbitals (STO) are considered to be more accurate than gaussian type orbitals (GTO) for atomic and molecular QM calculations because - among other reasons - they decay with $e^{-\alpha r}$ as $r \to \infty$. But GTOs are more popular because they are easier to calculate with. GTOs decay with $e^{-\alpha r^2}$, so its adequate to sometimes add diffuse functions to the GTO basis set to compensate for gaussian decay behaviour.
Also, exact hydrogen wavefunctions decay exponentially, so the motivation for STOs.
I understand that the only boundary requirement for solving the Schrödinger equation for atoms and molecules in free space is that the wavefunction goes zero as $r \to \infty$, but there are no a priori requirements for the way it decays as it does so.
My question is: do we have theoretical (ab initio) and/or experimental reasons to believe that all atomic and molecular wavefunctions decay like $e^{-\alpha r}$ as $r \to \infty$."
"Explain what ""git reset"" does. I come from a SVN background and Git is a whole new paradigm. I got mercurial easily, but Git is much more technical.
I think ```git reset``` is close to ```hg revert```, but it seems there are differences. Please include detailed explanations about:

* the options ```--hard```, ```--soft``` and ```--merge```;
* the strange notation you use with ```HEAD``` such as ```HEAD^``` and ```HEAD~1```;
* concrete use cases and work flows;
* consequences on the working copy, the ```HEAD``` and your global stress level."
"I am looking to use Java to get the MD5 checksum of a file.
How is it done?"
What are the primary objections Democrats have to a border wall?
"I'm converting a video to GIF file with ```ffmpeg```:
```ffmpeg \
  -i input.flv \
  -ss 00:00:00.000 \
  -pix_fmt rgb24 \
  -r 10 \
  -s 320x240 \
  -t 00:00:10.000 \
  output.gif
```
It works great, but output gif file has a very low quality.
Any ideas how can I improve quality of converted gif?"
"Tor can only handle TCP connections, but DNS is a UDP protocol. How does Tor route DNS requests over its TCP based network? Why can the same approach not be used to route all UDP traffic over Tor?"
"Why does this throw ```NullPointerException```
```public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Boolean b = true ? returnsNull() : false; // NPE on this line.
    System.out.println(b);
}
public static Boolean returnsNull() {
    return null;
}
```
while this doesn't
```public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Boolean b = true ? null : false;
    System.out.println(b); // null
}
```
?
The solution is by the way to replace ```false``` by ```Boolean.FALSE``` to avoid ```null``` being unboxed to ```boolean``` --which isn't possible. But that isn't the question. The question is why? Are there any references in JLS which confirms this behaviour, especially of the 2nd case?"
How do DOS games like DOOM benefit from a PCI graphics card?
"I need to be able to open a document using its default application in Windows and Mac OS. Basically, I want to do the same thing that happens when you double-click on the document icon in Explorer or Finder. What is the best way to do this in Python?"
"Why does PRC devalue its currency on purpose, but Turkey is worried about the devaluation of its currency?"
Is it worth patenting an algorithm if I don't have the money to defend against infringements?
"""I have a ```String[]``` with values like so:
```public static final String[] VALUES = new String[] {""""AB"""",""""BC"""",""""CD"""",""""AE""""};
```
Given ```String s```, is there a good way of testing whether ```VALUES``` contains ```s```?"" How do I determine whether an array contains a particular value in Java?"
"Does Java casting introduce overhead? Or the compiler just resolves everything and there is no cost at run time?
Is this a general things, or there are different cases?"
"How can I copy a string (e.g ""hello"") to the System Clipboard in C#, so next time I press CTRL+V I'll get ""hello""?"
"I want to put a draft watermark using the below script but the problem is that the watermark don't come over the images and I want it to come over it.
```\usepackage{draftwatermark}
\SetWatermarkText{DRAFT}
\SetWatermarkScale{1}
```"
Understanding the Rails Authenticity Token
Why is FIFA against adding instant replay to the game?
"If we should encrypt the message rather than the method of transfer, why do we care about wifi security? Is this just security theatre?"
Applying filter in scipy.signal: Use lfilter or filtfilt?
"What do different people in the department expect from a postdoc?
By different people I mean the advisor, graduate students and PhD students.
I know it mainly depends on the job description but there are few basic things that a postdoc must be expected to do. How aggressive (proactive) must one be? This question is important since a postdoc cannot just wait for the adviser to give him/her inputs. Rather the postdoc must take the project(s) as another PhD research of his own but be completely accountable to the adviser in terms of what he/she is doing and how is he/she doing that.
The above are my thoughts. My question is divided into the following sub-parts:

* What would you as a professor expect from your postdoc? 
* What preparation one must do to rise to the expected level? 
* Is the preparation merely restricted to having sound academic record and experience?"
Can someone explain to me what the ```contentInset``` property in a ```UIScrollView``` instance is used for? And maybe provide an example?
How is arc defined in TikZ?
How to connect mysql workbench to running mysql inside docker?
Can meat spoil outside the fridge if it's baked into bread as a filling?
"I'm wondering how the XML Schema specification handles these cases:
```
```
No maxOccurs given -> Is this the cardinality [1..1]?
```
```
I suppose this is simply invalid?
```
```
Is this the cardinality [0..2] or [1..2]?
Is there an ""official"" definition on how the XML Schema spec handles these cases?"
Were there any flying dinosaurs?
"Say, a table ```car``` has one-to-one relationship to tables ```electric_car```, ```gas_car```, and ```hybrid_car```. If a ```car``` is ```electric_car```, it can no longer appear in ```gas_car``` or a ```hybrid_car```, etc. 
Is it a bad practice to have several mutually exclusive one-to-one relationships in database design?"
"I see a low use of Mathematica in Kaggle competitions. Why would one use the Wolfram Language versus R, Python, or Julia for machine learning? Besides prettier plots and the Manipulate function, do we have something that is useful for ML that other languages are lacking?"
"I'm using wp_nav_menu and am trying to create custom output for the sub-level drop downs.  I came across the ""items_wrap"" argument but there's really not much information as to what it is, how it works, and what kind of things can be done with it.  
What exactly is ""%1$s"" and ""%2$s""?  (Can anyone explain it in layman's terms?)"
"I've noticed that people on YouTube and even on TV would sometimes say things like ""I used to take lots of coke a few years ago"" or ""I used to smoke weed daily until this and that"" or ""Yea, I smoke weed every once in a while,"" or ""I used to pirate games a lot when I was a bit younger"" or ""I used pirated Windows and Photoshop until I got a job,"" etc., etc..
Basically they are confessing to a crime, on public record, couldn't anyone come after them? They've already confessed - technically all that would have to be done is a trial.
How do people publicly admit to criminal activity and not typically get arrested?"
"Did two dissenting Supreme Court justices agree that Trump was ""absolutely immune"" to the Manhattan DA's subpoena?"
"Just curious, given how heavily from Tolkien D&D drew, and the fact that games like Wizardry used Hobbits, is there a good design reason why Gygax and company used Halflings (a term that also appears in Tolkien) vice Hobbits as the term for our little friends?"
"My USB drive used to be originally 8GB when I bought it.
I'm trying to reformatted in Windows 7 by right clicking on the drive and selecting ```Format...```. But the capacity only shows 250MB.
Is there something I can do to get the original size back? Maybe it got partitioned in a weird way? 
The  flash drive is a SanDisk Cruzer Micro 8GB. "
"I am a Tor developer. I understand that the .onion address is a public key of sorts, but not much more than that (I can vaguely guess, though). When nobody knows the IP of the .onion address, how do requests reach it? Are they bounced between nodes in the P2P network till someone decrypts it with the corresponding private key?"
"I have been offered a PhD position by an inexperienced professor in a great institution in Europe. Despite the fact that the institution is very strong in my area, since the position was offered by this particular professor, I would have to commit myself to working with him for my thesis. This professor is young, and relatively inexperienced, but I enjoy the things he works on, and we seem to get along well.
My question is, would having an inexperienced advisor hurt my growth as a scientist, or my career in general? Will I have the time during my PhD to also work on the side with other, more renowned professors in the department, or is one usually focused in a single research project?"
"Is there a phrase that means ""too important"" and ""attracting too much attention""?"
"This guy claims that Olympic powerlifters working in the 1-6 rep range can increase strength without increasing muscle size. 

> Trained Olympic lifters, for example, were shown over a two-year period to have significant strength increases with barely noticeable increases in muscle mass (Hakkinen et al, 1988). I had a similar experience when I used AST's Max-OT principals. My strength went up like crazy, but I gained very little size. Obviously, traditional strength training with low volume and low sets (1-6 reps, 3 or less sets) is not the best approach. Strength training does cause hypertrophy (Hakkinen et al, 1985), but it won't cause maximum hypertrophy.

What is the scientific explanation for this? Is the inverse true? That is, can a buff guy (with lots of prominent muscle) actually be weak? "
What are the major concerns about planting trees to create carbon offsets?
"I am wondering how to generate uniformly distributed points on the surface of the 3-d unit sphere? Also after generating those points, what is the best way to visualize and check whether they are truly uniform on the surface $x^2+y^2+z^2=1$?"
"In Shutter Island, at the end of the movie Teddy had a chat with Chuck, in that scene Teddy told to Chuck as,

  Which would be worse: To live as a monster, or to die as a good man?

What's the implicit meaning of this dialogue? Who's the monster as Teddy mentioned?
And, who's a good man?"
"To set the minimal distance between flexbox items I'm using ```margin: 0 5px``` on ```.item``` and ```margin: 0 -5px``` on container. For me it seems like a hack, but I can't find any better way to do this.


```#box {
  display: flex;
  width: 100px;
  margin: 0 -5px;
}
.item {
  background: gray;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  margin: 0 5px;
}```
```
  
  
  
  
```


"
"Is there a Git for data? The key improvement I'd want is to Diff/Merge more intelligently. e.g. in CSV rather than line vs line comparison, it would do cell vs cell.
And ordering is usually not significant, e.g. rows in a CSV, whereas Git does care and presents the user with 'conflicts'."
"I have been puzzling over where to put the submit button, on the left or the right. In researching, I noticed that many sites put buttons on the bottom right in dialogue boxes, and on the bottom left in forms.
It makes sense: in a dialogue box it seems to denote finality, being in the endpoint of the window for left–right readers; in a form, the bottom right could be in a different position relative to the rest of the form if the window is resized.
It seems to be a convention, but should the OK/Cancel buttons be aligned right or centered?
Should the OK/Cancel buttons be aligned right or centered?"
"Is it at all possible to update object's properties with ```setState```?
Something like:
```this.state = {
   jasper: { name: 'jasper', age: 28 },
}
```
I have tried: 
```this.setState({jasper.name: 'someOtherName'});
```
and this:
```this.setState({jasper: {name: 'someothername'}})
```
The first results in a syntax error and the second just does nothing. Any ideas?"
What is the difference between Non-Player Characters (NPCs) and bots in video games?
"Is there anything like ```static class``` in java? What is the meaning of such a class. Do all the methods of the static class need to be ```static``` too? Is it required the other way round, that if a class contains all the static methods, shall the class be static too? What are static classes good for?"
"The Episode IV-VI movies never mention the Emperor's name. In Episodes I-III, we can guess that Darth Sidious will be the emperor, but what about Chancellor Palpatine? If the audience didn't know that he was Sidious, the impact of the reveal would be far different than if they did.
But I did. In all the novels and comics that came out after ""Return of the Jedi"", the Emperor's name was stated plainly: Palpatine. 
So when I saw the prologue movies, for the life of me I couldn't figure out: was I supposed to know that Palpatine was the villain?  
Maybe the filmmakers figured that most of the moviegoing public never got into the Expanded Universe. But they had to know that the hardcore fans would know. Or maybe when you watched the movie, even if you hadn't heard of Palpatine, it was supposed to be obvious?
What was the intent?"
"So, students in Gryffindor are supposed to represent bravery. How does Neville represent bravery, to the point in being accepted into the house. I've always thought of his strongest traits being things like loyalty, willingness to work hard, etc, and these things would tend to put him in Hufflepuff. "
"This claim was made popular by being said in the movie The Social Network. It exactly says:

> Did you know there are more people with genius IQs living in China than there are people of any kind living in the United States?
"
"I am trying to get my program to print out ```""banana""``` from the dictionary. What would be the simplest way to do this?
This is my dictionary: 
```prices = {
    ""banana"" : 4,
    ""apple"" : 2,
    ""orange"" : 1.5,
    ""pear"" : 3
}
```"
"Different coffee packets advertise different amounts of 'Robusta' and 'Arabica'? What do these terms refer to, and how does it affect the taste of the coffee?"
"So whenever we want to shoot our flash before taking a photo. we have to charge it first.
What is the point of the charging our flashes? Aren't their power directly supplied by the battery of our camera?
Please answer for the built in flash on the 2000D and the traditional hot shoe Xenon flashes.
Perhaps these hot shoe xenon flashes have their own batteries charged by the slow hot shoe port. Who knows? "
"What are some strategies to maintain morale and productivity after massive layoffs? I am not in a managerial role, just a lead role, and am asking for myself and my fellow employees."
"Could you please clearly explain what is the difference between correlation and convolution that is done by a filter on an image? 
I mean in terms of signal processing definition I know that convolution describes the output of an LTI system, that is if an LTI system produces an output due to convolution with an input system then the output signal can be described as the result of convolution of the input signal and the impulse response of the LTI system. As for the correlation, it describes the similarities between to signals. But how does convolution and correlation effect on a image and how different are they in terms of effects?
Thanks"
"24601 has developed into being an iconic part of both the Les Miserables book and musical. Was that number special to him, or was it simply a random number he chose (I doubt it)?"
Why does Michael Crichton use US Customary measurements in hard sci-fi?
"How can horns, most of which have only three buttons, play all their notes?"
"I am a big fan of worldbuilding. A common sight in science fiction is that aliens pretend to be human (For example in Third Rock from the Sun). Obviously if the aliens are advanced enough to disguise themselves as another species, there are much easier, simpler and less expensive methods to destroy humanity, so why else would an advanced alien civilization waste time, energy and resources to disguise themselves as humans? What possible scientific, cultural or commercial use could such an expensive procedure have?"
"I've taken a look at the list of surveys taken on scala-lang.org and noticed a curious question: ""Can you name all the uses of “_”?"". Can you? If yes, please do so here. Explanatory examples are appreciated."
"My university usually asks that we book a flight via a travel agent, but the prices he gives me are about $50 higher than the prices I can get by online booking in the flight company's website.  Why would a company want me to book a flight via a travel agent if it is more expensive?"
Layman's explanation of encryption backdoors
"I have a page where a scroll bar containing table rows with divs in them is dynamically generated from the database. Each table row acts like a link, sort of like you'd see on a YouTube playlist next to the video player.
When a user visits the page, the option they are on is supposed to go to the top of the scrolling div. This functionality is working. The issue is that it goes just a tad too far. Like the option they are on is about 10px too high. So, the page is visited, the url is used to identify which option was selected and then scrolls that option to the top of the scrolling div. Note: This is not the scroll bar for the window, it is a div with a scrollbar.
I am using this code to make it move the selected option to the top of the div:
```var pathArray = window.location.pathname.split( '/' );
var el = document.getElementById(pathArray[5]);
el.scrollIntoView(true);
```
It moves it to the top of the div but about 10 pixels too far up.
how to fix that?"
"Suppose I have the geographic coordinates of "Saratoga, California, USA" as
```Latitude:   37°15.8298′ N
Longitude: 122° 1.3806′ W
```
I know from here that in the case of latitude ```1° ≈ 69 miles``` and that longitude varies:
```1° longitude = cosine (latitude) * length of degree (miles) at Equator.
```
How many miles is 1° longitude at ```longitude: 122°1.3806′ W```?"
"I have read numerous times that some Norse warriors, upon death, would go in Fólkvangr, while some others would go to Valhalla. How was it decided which warrior would go to which place? Why did the need to have many ""paradises"" (whatever you many call it) exist?
Citing Wikipedia:

 > In Norse mythology, Fólkvangr (Old Norse ""field of the host"" or ""people-field"" or ""army-field"") is a meadow or field ruled over by the goddess Freyja where half of those that die in combat go upon death, while the other half go to the god Odin in Valhalla."
"I noticed that there is a binary executable ```/bin/echo``` on my Ubuntu MATE 17.04 system.
I thought, that's odd, because
```$ type echo
echo is a shell builtin```
Cursory testing suggests that ```/bin/echo``` does the same sort of thing as the Bash builtin ```echo```:
```$ /bin/echo foo
foo
$ /bin/echo $USER
zanna
```
So, why is there another version of ```echo``` separate from the Bash program, and why or when would I want to use it?"
"what's the difference between JavaScript objects, classes and functions?"
"In most introductory algorithm classes, notations like $O$ (Big O) and $\Theta$ are introduced, and a student would typically learn to use one of these to find the time complexity.
However, there are other notations, such as $o$, $\Omega$ and $\omega$. Are there any specific scenarios where one notation would be preferable to another?"
Why is Gaia operating around Earth orbit? Why not send it to Neptune's orbit?
"I have a string representing a unix timestamp (i.e. "1284101485") in Python, and I'd like to convert it to a readable date. When I use ```time.strftime```, I get a ```TypeError```:
```>>>import time
>>>print time.strftime("%B %d %Y", "1284101485")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
TypeError: argument must be 9-item sequence, not str
```"
"In Django, the convention is to put all of your static files (i.e css, js) specific to your app into a folder called static. So the structure would look like this:
```mysite/
    manage.py
    mysite/ --> (settings.py, etc)
    myapp/ --> (models.py, views.py, etc)
        static/
```
In ```mysite/settings.py``` I have:
```STATIC_ROOT = 'staticfiles'
```
So when I run the command:
```python manage.py collectstatic
```
It creates a folder called ```staticfiles``` at the root level (so same directory as ```myapp/```)
What's the point of this? Isn't it just creating a copy of all my static files?"
"I am used to thinking of finite-differences as a special case of finite-elements, on a very constrained grid. What are criteria to choose between finite-differences and finite-elements"
How important is multithreading in the current software industry?
Is it true that the price of diamonds is based on a monopoly? And who actually runs/owns this supposed monopoly? Is this likely to affect diamond prices if I am interested in purchasing?
"Normal filesystem images can be easily mounted:
```mount system.img /mnt
```
Examined, and modified.  But when I try this with a Raspberry Pi system image (e.g. raspbian), I get:
```mount: unknown filesystem type '(null)'
```
And no matter what I try with ```-t```, it won't work.  How can I mount this image?"
How does immersion passively help with learning a language?
"I have a script, that does not exit when I want it to.
An example script with the same error is:
```#!/bin/bash
function bla() {
    return 1
}
bla || ( echo '1' ; exit 1 )
echo '2'
```
I would assume to see the output:
```:~$ ./test.sh
1
:~$
```
But I actually see:
```:~$ ./test.sh
1
2
:~$
```
Does the ```()``` command chaining somehow create a scope? What is ```exit``` exiting out of, if not the script?"
Adding a new swap file. How to edit fstab to enable swap after reboot?
"
How do I add a validation to make sure the date string being passed to the method is in the ffg. format:
```'YYYY-MM-DD'
```
if it's not, method should raise some sort of error"
When to use UICollectionView instead of UITableView?
"On my branch I had some files in .gitignore
On a different branch those files are not.
I want to merge the different branch into mine, and I don't care if those files are no longer ignored or not.
Unfortunately I get this: 

  The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge

How would I modify my pull command to overwrite those files, without me having to find, move or delete those files myself?"
"Since long time ago I have been thinking in two problems that I have not been able to solve. It seems that one of them was recently solved. I have been thinking a lot about the motivation and its consequences. Mostly because people used to motivate one of them with some very interesting implications. My conclusion however, is that there is a mistake in the motivation of the problem, and that, while being a really interesting result, it does not make any sense in the setting in which is formulated. As my opinion is not relevant compared to one of the experts in the area, I do not say anything. 
My question is if you can provide me some examples of conjectures that were believed to be interesting in the mathematical community because of a specific reason, but that once having the proof, people realized that the reason to motivate the problem  was not truly related to its solution. Or in other words, the solution of the problem gives no clues about the original motivation. "
How do GPS receivers communicate with satellites?
Why is iceberg lettuce bad for rabbits?
How do I open the JavaScript console in different browsers?
"I have Ubuntu 10 as the guest OS on a Windows 7 machine.  I have been trying to setup shares through VirtualBox, but nothing is working.  First, I create the share in VirtualBox and point it to a Windows folder.  Then I try to mount the drive in Linux, but I keep getting
```/sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: Protocol error
```
I have read so many solutions to this, but none seem to work.  I have tried:

* Using the mount.vboxsf syntax
* Reinstalling VBox additions
* Rebooting
* Enabling and trying as root account

I made a share called "Test" in VBox Shared folders.  Then I made a directory in ubuntu named "test2".  Then I tried to execute this command:
```sudo mount -t vboxsf Test /mnt/test2
```
Any other ideas?"
"What does %~dp0 mean, and how does it work?
I'd also like to know if it is a documented feature, or something prone to be deprecated."
Should a tester feel bad about finding too many defects/bugs in the product?
"Millions of colors in the visible spectrum can be generated by mixing red, green and blue - the RGB color system. Is there a basic set of smells that, when mixed, can yield all, or nearly all detectable smells ?"
Do you bleed to death after your penis is cut off?
"In Swift, is there a clever way of using the higher order methods on Array to return the 5 first objects?
The obj-c way of doing it was saving an index, and for-loop through the array incrementing index until it was 5 and returning the new array. Is there a way to do this with ```filter```, ```map``` or ```reduce```?"
"What's the simplest way to get an environment variable from a docker container that has not been declared in the Dockerfile?
For instance, an environment variable that has been set through some ```docker exec container /bin/bash``` session?
I can do ```docker exec container env | grep ENV_VAR```, but I would prefer something that just returns the value.
I've tried using ```docker exec container echo ""$ENV_VAR""```, but the substitution seems to happen outside of the container, so I don't get the env var from the container, but rather the env var from my own computer.
Thanks."
"I am confused about the use cases for both ```InputStream``` and ```OutputStream```.
Please include a snippet of code to go along with your explanation."
"What is the difference between:
```npm install [package_name]
```
and:
```npm install [package_name] --save
```
and:
```npm install [package_name] --save-dev
```
What does this mean? And what is really the effect of ```--save``` and ```-dev``` keywords?"
pod install -bash: pod: command not found
"I read in the Essential C# 3.0 and .NET 3.5 book that:

  GetHashCode()’s returns over the life of a particular object should be
  constant (the same value), even if the object’s data changes. In many
  cases, you should cache the method return to enforce this.

Is this a valid guideline?
I have tried a couple built-in types in .NET and they didn't behave like this."
"Especially in blitz or bullet games, it is possible that a player makes an illegal move, for example castles through check. 

* If the opponent does notice the illegal move, then as far as I know the first player is obliged to make a legal move with the same piece, if one exists. What if there are no legal moves? 
* What if the opponent, being in time pressure, doesn't notice the illegal move and makes a move. What happens after they realize that? Does the person who made the illegal move forfeit? Or is the whole game cancelled?

Are there any standard rules for these kinds of situations?"
How to set button click effect in Android?
"The following article from CNN describes a Michigan police officer being put on administrative leave for having KKK material at his home: https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/10/us/michigan-officer-placed-on-leave-kkk-document-house/index.html. The materials were discovered while a potential buyer was touring his house. 
Although I vehemently condemn the KKK, doesn't this officer have the right to display whatever he wants in his home so long as it doesn't actively and deliberately call for violence? Aren't these articles protected under the first amendment? I realize this is an extreme example, and as a police officer his job requires interacting with all races, but unless it can be shown that he's bigoted and that it negatively affected his job performance, isn't it illegal to fire him? 
Employers can restrict speech according to company policy while at work, but we all have to go home at some point. Can those restrictions follow us after clocking out? "
What does strength refer to in mathematics? Is it a formal idea?
"Does vegetarianism affect life expectancy?
Is an average vegetarian supposed to live longer just because of their diet?"
"What is the difference between an object and a companion object in a class in kotlin?
Example:
```class MyClass {
    object Holder {
        //something
    }
    companion object {
        //something
    }
}
```
I already read that companion object shall be used, if the containing parameters/methods are closely related to its class.
But why is there also the possibility of declaring a normal object in the class? Because it behaves exactly like the companion, but it must have a name.
Is there maybe a difference in its ""static"" (I'm from the java side) lifecycle? "
I've rooted my phone.  Now what?  What do I gain from rooting?
"Is there a better way to determine whether a variable in ```Pandas``` and/or ```NumPy``` is ```numeric``` or not ? 
I have a self defined ```dictionary``` with ```dtypes``` as keys and ```numeric``` / ```not``` as values."
I've come across the polynomial algorithm that solves 2SAT. I've found it boggling that 2SAT is in P where all (or many others) of the SAT instances are NP-Complete. What makes this problem different? What makes it so easy (NL-Complete - even easier than P)?
Why isn't Sectumsempra an Unforgivable Curse?
How can I add a delay to a program in C#?
"I'm trying to write a Bash script that will overwrite an existing directory. I have a directory ```foo/``` and I am trying to overwrite ```bar/``` with it. But when I do this:
```cp -Rf foo/ bar/
```
a new ```bar/foo/``` directory is created. I don't want that. There are two files in ```foo/```; ```a``` and ```b```. There are files with same names in ```bar/``` as well. I want the ```foo/a``` and ```foo/b``` to replace ```bar/a``` and ```bar/b```."
"Is there a particular reason the elves die off so fast? After the first war against Sauron, I recall the elves being decimated, to the point that they're almost useless army-wise in the trilogy. But I'm guessing men suffered equal or greater losses as well.
Anyways, other races just seem much more capable of repopulating, while is seems like there are incredibly few (if any?) elven children. Considering the fact that elves are immortal, wouldn't their population be the fastest to grow? Also the seem to be perpetually 40 years old, so aren't they eternally fertile as well? Why don't they have more kids and build bigger societies?"
Reasons for being vegetarian or vegan other than ethical reasons?
My mom has a green card that expires 2028 but has been out of the US in the UK for over a year due to COVID travel restrictions. Can she enter now?
What is the LXX and why is it so noteworthy that there is a Greek translation of the OT? Wouldn't it be better to directly reference manuscripts in the original languages?
"I have to disable inputs at first and then on click of a link to enable them.
This is what I have tried so far, but it doesn't work.
HTML:
```
```
jQuery:
```$(""#edit"").click(function(event){
   event.preventDefault();
   $('.inputDisabled').removeAttr(""disabled"")
});
```

This shows me ```true``` and then ```false``` but nothing changes for the inputs:
```$(""#edit"").click(function(event){
   alert('');
   event.preventDefault();
   alert($('.inputDisabled').attr('disabled'));
   $('.inputDisabled').removeAttr(""disabled"");
   alert($('.inputDisabled').attr('disabled'));
});
```"
"I'm no expert in darkroom photography, but it seems a little odd that there is a type of light that doesn't affect film or developing paper etc. So why is a dark-room safelight safe?"
"With the command:
```ls -la *
```
I can list all my symbolic links. 
How can I remove all symbolic links which are linked to a special folder?
For example:
In my directory ```usr/local/bin``` I have the following entries:
```lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Apr 22 14:52 allneeded -> /usr/local/texlive/2011/bin/x86_64-linux/allneeded
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 47 Apr 22 14:52 amstex -> /usr/local/texlive/2011/bin/x86_64-linux/amstex
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Apr 23 19:09 arara -> /home/marco/.arara/arara
```
Now I want to remove all links with the path ```/usr/local/texlive/```"
Did Aztecs know how many continents there are on earth?
What did the Soviet Union and Russia bring to the ISS?
"What utility can move my Windows boot partition over to another hard drive?
My preference is that it would be really easy. 

* Boot into Windows
* Pick drive to move
* Pick target drive
* It copies everything over, and reboots to the correct partition."
What's the difference between ASCII and Unicode?
Reasons why healthy people would intentionally want to get infected?
"In The Avengers, the Council contacted Nick Fury and supposedly, they want to nuke Manhattan. Nick didn't agree so they contacted a S.H.I.E.L.D. operative to nuke Manhattan.
When they found out that an unauthorized jet was trying to fly, Nick grabbed a rocket launcher and fired it at the jet, which was a decoy and the real jet was able to escape. 
However, why would he do that? If that was the real plane carrying a nuke enough to level Manhattan, wouldn't the nuke explode and destroy the base along with them if he fired a rocket launcher at it?"
"Since I created my repository it appears that the tags I have been
creating are not pushed to the repository. When I do ```git tag``` on the
local directory all the tags are present, but when I logon to the
remote repository and do a ```git tag```, only the first few show up.
What could the problem be?."
How do I add Git submodule to a sub-directory?
"Given that Kohn-Sham DFT is strictly a ground-state method (at 0 K), how is it sufficient to describe materials in real-life applications?"
"I don't really get the difference between gain and volume boost.

So if I understand correctly, gain directly boosts a signal from a line or input while volume handles the output. Volume isn't really for boosting either.
Would this mean, in most settings, getting 'close to' as much gain as possible without any hiss/background noise is ideal?"
"I recently had someone claim (on an unrelated SE site I won't link to) that it is the responsibility of a player to correctly identify their hand, that what you "call" your hand determines the winner:

For example, you have an Ace, King, Queen, Jack, and Ten. You call your hand and say, "I have a Straight!"
But that was a bad move on your part because you are a novice player and you did not notice that all of your cards are Spades. You actually had a Straight Flush, but now you have lost because one of the remaining players had a Full House.
Your hand has not been determined until you call your hand.

Is this true? Clearly you might play your hand differently if you misunderstand what you have, but I always thought that the cards speak for themselves once they are revealed.
Or would it depend on the specific poker variation/house rules?"
How to get the first item from an associative PHP array?
Why do people write #!/usr/bin/env python on the first line of a Python script?
"Nowadays each graphic card has some driver in operating system that translates some (typically) standard API such as OpenGL, so that programmers use some standardized API code to tell graphics cards how and what they want to render. (Actually that's already a bit hard-core most programmers really use various game engines that do this for them). In times of old computers - how was this done? Did every programmer of every game implemented all possible various API's that old graphic cards supported? Or did the old game studios from MS-DOS times had their own ""game engines"" that provided some abstraction when it came to these graphic cards? I remember there were many various card vendors and I remember old games asked me which one I have - so I suppose these games contained code / drivers for all these cards?"
"Why is it ""behead"" and not ""dehead""?"
Why do many vinyl albums of classical music have Sides 1 / 4 on the first record and 2 / 3 on the second? An example of this is the RCA Red Seal recording of Beethoven's 9th Symphony by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
Why isn't the market dropping like a stone with all the bad news?
"What are Null Pointer Exceptions (```java.lang.NullPointerException```) and what causes them?

What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?"
"In Raiders of the Lost Ark, at the Ark opening ceremony the Nazi troops brings the Ark of the Covenant to the top of the mountain as Belloq said something before opening the Ark. Then they took the sand from the Ark and suddenly spirits coming out from the Ark and they're all killed (except Indy and Marion) by the freed-spirits which came from the Ark. Meanwhile, Indy asks Marion to keep her eyes shut. They didn't see the Ark when it was opened, so they're survived. In that scene what I don't understand is how did Indy know not to look into the Ark when it was opened?"
"What is likely to happen when you plug two ends of a network cable to a single switch/router? Will this create problems on the network, or just be ignored?"
What command do I use to find the size of all the files (recursively) in a Linux or Mac OS X directory?
"I've been writing C and C++ code for almost twenty years, but there's one aspect of these languages that I've never really understood. I've obviously used regular casts i.e.
```MyClass *m = (MyClass *)ptr;
```
all over the place, but there seem to be two other types of casts, and I don't know the difference. What's the difference between the following lines of code?
```MyClass *m = (MyClass *)ptr;
MyClass *m = static_cast(ptr);
MyClass *m = dynamic_cast(ptr);
```"
Why don't toilets use saltwater?
How do I modify fields inside the new PostgreSQL JSON datatype?
"I find that the survivability and general performance of my party increases massively from levels 1 to 2. At times, level 1 feels like a completely different game from level 2. However, I can't fathom how or why. I think that the availability of healing has something to do with it. From a mechanical perspective, is there any deep reason why level 1 and level 2 seem so radically different? Furthermore, why I do find no similar differences between later levels, such as 6 and 7?"
"In my table view I have to scroll to the top. But I cannot guarantee that the first object is going to be section 0, row 0. May be that my table view will start from section number 5.
So I get an exception, when I call:
```[mainTableView scrollToRowAtIndexPath:[NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:0 inSection:0] atScrollPosition:UITableViewScrollPositionTop animated:NO];
```
Is there another way to scroll to the top of table view?"
While in Phd I developed a lot of code that I want to turn into start-up. Can I do this?
"I have heard multiple times in photography, the words Bokeh, and Gaussian Blur. To me, it seems that the words are used almost interchangeably, but in some instances, I have heard them contrasted. What's the difference, and what are the definitions of each of them?"
"In 1969, NASA not only went to the moon, but broadcast the whole thing live on TV.
How did they achieve the TV broadcast? What technology did they need to use to send a video and audio signal from the moon to earth? Was there much of a lag?"
"Why does ""elite"" rhyme with ""beet"" rather than ""bite""?"
"A lot of ShaderToy demos share the Ray Marching algorithm to render the scene, but they are often written with a very compact style and i can't find any straightforward examples or explanation.
So what is Ray Marching? Some comments suggests that it is a variation of Sphere Tracing. What are the computational advantages of a such approach?"
Is martial arts training 'inadequate' for the real world?
Make a single page landscape in Google Documents
"PHP is writing this error in the logs: ""Notice: Use of undefined constant"".
Error in logs:
```PHP Notice:  Use of undefined constant department - assumed 'department' (line 5)
PHP Notice:  Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (line 6)
PHP Notice:  Use of undefined constant email - assumed 'email' (line 7)
PHP Notice:  Use of undefined constant message - assumed 'message' (line 8)
```
Relevant lines of code:
```$department = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST[department]);
$name = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST[name]);
$email = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST[email]);
$message = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST[message]);
```
What does it mean and why am I seeing it?"
"I'm from a very rural area and love to garden, however, for work I just moved into an apartment in the city. I miss being able to grow vegetables and so I attempted to start some leaf lettuce indoors, however, almost every plant died quickly. I'm just curious, does anyone have experience growing vegetables indoors? What are the best ones for this? What sort of planter do you use? Do they need to be directly next to a window? How often should they be watered? I'm not used to not having Mother Nature help me out with my plants Any tips that can be provided would be much appreciated, thanks!"
What are the advantages of studying words by their frequency?
"I have heard many people saying, “Hah! I beat Stockfish,” and one saying, “I am the best chess player ever! I beat Stockfish.” So I wonder if it is possible, just to know whether I should try to beat it. I tried to play it once; I barely played 25 moves."
How to decrypt Jenkins passwords from credentials.xml?
"I'm pretty disappointed with my horse.  He wasn't cheap -- 1000g -- but he just doesn't seem that fast.  To make things worse, he's a bit of a wolf magnet and every time I get attacked I have to tediously dismount, blast the wolf, and then remount.
Is the speed of a horse actually significantly faster than normal running speed?  If so, how much faster?"
"Other than rust, corrosion, and other reactions with air that would make the use of a metal unfavorable, how do different metals affect the performance?
Let's give Yagi an example:
Let's say I use 4 different metals for the directors
, reflector, and driven element.
One antenna made out of copper, one made out of aluminum, and one made out of a higher resistance conductor, let's say graphite (I know it would snap, I'm just talking theoretical), and iron 
Other then the metal variations, the antennas  are identical.
So, do different metals with different conductivity and permiability affect the performance of an antenna including gain, efficiency, impedance, elevation, or any other characteristic other then mechanical strength, and chemical reliability in open air. "
"Windows in its earliest days was simply a shell that ran on top of MS-DOS, which means that Windows 3.1 itself was actually just a standard MS-DOS application like any other.
Yet, MS-DOS is not a multitasking operating system, and at the same time, Windows applications were compiled native-code binaries that ran without any form of managed environment. So, how exactly was multitasking of Windows binaries achieved if Windows 3.1 was simply a regular old MS-DOS program itself? Are there any old technical documents still floating around that describe the early Windows architecture internally?"
"I'm working on 2 different branches: release and development. 
I noticed I still need to integrate some changes that were committed to the release branch back into the development branch.  
The problem is I don't need all of the commit, only some hunks in certain files, so a simple  
```git cherry-pick bc66559
```
does not do the trick.  
When I do a
```git show bc66559
```
I can see the diff but don't really know a good way of applying that partially to my current working tree.  "
"In Civilization V, you attain a cultural victory by accumulating enough culture to purchase at least 36 social policies, and then building a wonder. The catch is that the more cities you build, the more culture you need to generate before you hit the next ""plateau"" of culture.
What is the ideal number of cities for a cultural victory? Does it change over time? "
"How to find if a customer is logged in or not in Magento 2.
If the customer is logged in then how to get customer data from a session?"
"I have a 9 year old daughter that has expressed some interest in manga, but I'm having trouble locating series that are appropriate for her age. No one at our local bookstore could offer any advice. Is there a kid-friendly imprint or other resource I could use to help her find something appropriate? My preference is for physical books but I'm willing to explore digital options."
"I'm looking for a precise piece of information in a database which I have no knowledge about. The database is on a separate machine, but I can log into it, and launch a ```psql``` command line, with administrator rights.
It's a third-party product, and they are slow to answer questions. I know the data is inside that database, so I want to do a little bit of reverse-engineering.
Given a table name, is it possible to get a list of the names of the columns in that table?
For example, in SQL Server, it's possible to dump a table into a reusable ```CREATE``` statement, which textually lists all the columns the table is composed of."
"I am using Visual Studio Code and have a fairly common project structure:
```├── client/
│   ├── tsconfig.json
├── shared/
├── server/
│   ├── tsconfig.json
├── project.json
```
The two tsconfig files have different settings (e.g. the one under ```client/``` targets ES5, the one under ```server/``` targets ES6). Note that there is no tsconfig in the root directory.
The problem is that I want the shared directory to be included in both projects. I can't do this using tsconfig because the ```exclude``` option won't let me include a folder that is in a higher directory than the tsconfig.json, and using ```files``` I have to constantly keep the list of files up to date as it doesn't support globs.
Note that I can compile fine by adding the shared folder into tsc, what I want is for the Visual Studio Code IDE to recognise the shared code for intellisense etc.
Is the only option to wait for filesGlob?"
"I have the following method to save an Object to a file:
```// Save an object out to the disk
public static void SerializeObject(this T toSerialize, String filename)
{
    XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(toSerialize.GetType());
    TextWriter textWriter = new StreamWriter(filename);
    xmlSerializer.Serialize(textWriter, toSerialize);
    textWriter.Close();
}
```
I confess I did not write it (I only converted it to a extension method that took a type parameter).
Now I need it to give the xml back to me as a string (rather than save it to a file). "
"I have a problem with the embedded bitcode term.
What is embedded bitcode?
When to enable, ```ENABLE_BITCODE``` in new Xcode?
What happens to the binary when enabled, ```ENABLE_BITCODE``` in Xcode 7?  "
"In Dupire's local volatility model, the volatility is is a deterministic function of the underlying price and time, chosen to match observed European option prices.
To be more specific, given a smooth surface $(K,T)\mapsto C(K,T)$ where K is the strike and T is time to maturity. Dupire equation implies that there exits an unique continuous function $\sigma_{loc}$ defined by
$$\sigma_{loc}^{2}(K,T)=\frac{\partial_{T}C(K,T)+rK\partial_{K}C(K,T)}{\frac{1}{2}K^{2}\partial_{KK}C(K,T)}$$ for all $(K,T)\in(0,\infty)\times(0,\infty)$ such that the solution to the stochastic differential equation $dS_{t}/S_{t}=rdt+\sigma(t,S_{t})dW_{t}$ exactly generates the European call option prices.
What do the dynamics of the local volatility mean? Are dynamics equivalent to the volatility surface? Why the dynamics of local volatility model is highly unrealistic?"
Can you explain why we need a large number of trees in random forest when the number of predictors is large?  How can we determine the optimal number of trees?
"I believe artificial intelligence (AI) term is overused nowadays. For example, people see that something is self-moving and they call it AI, even if it's on autopilot (like cars or planes) or there is some simple algorithm behind it.
What are the minimum general requirements so that we can say something is AI?"
"I have some questions regarding the usage and significance of the ```synchronized``` keyword. 

* What is the significance of the ```synchronized``` keyword?
* When should methods be ```synchronized```?
* What does it mean programmatically and logically?"
"I am using the ```$http``` service of AngularJS to make an Ajax request. 
How can a spinner GIF (or another type of busy indicator) be shown while the Ajax request is executing?"
"Let's say that we have a gaseous or liquidus compound (I don't know if elements or compounds make a difference, take this as a thought experiment), and we have a tungsten or steel block that's 5cm (or less, you choose) thick. Is there any physical method for that gas or liquid to pass through that thick heavy metal block (not by drilling etc.)?"
"Once, I boarded a plane, went to my designated seat and tried to put my bag in the overhead bin. However, it was full, and other adjacent overhead bins were full too. Because I had a seat next to the emergency exit, which I paid for, I had to hand over my bag to someone else in order to take off. 
Do I have any rights over the overhead bin above my seat?
Could I ask the flight attendant to remove some of the bags to make room for me?
I cannot imagine that the bins were full because there was not enough space. I think this happened because some people were ignorant enough to bring more bags than is allowed inside the airplane instead of sending them to cargo. If this is the case why doesn't the airline enforce the bag limit inside the airplane?"
"The Canon EF 40mm f/2.8 has a designation of STM on the lens. What does this mean? What are the advantages of having it and does it replace an older technology?
"
"I'm trying to set get id of all elements in an ```HTMLCollectionOf```. I wrote the following code:
```var list = document.getElementsByClassName(""events"");
console.log(list[0].id);
for (key in list) {
    console.log(key.id);
}
```
But I got the following output in console:
```event1
undefined
```
which is not what I expected. Why is the second console output ```undefined``` but the first console output is ```event1```?"
"I am 21 years old and living in a large city in Germany where smalltalk in local markets is not a common thing.
A new cashier joined my local food shop. She’s always at the checkout and never doing stuff like sorting products or cleaning the floor where I could actually ask her out. I am quite new to relationships, but the signs she gave me are promising.
My question is how I can ask for her number, or ask her out for coffee while she is only sitting at the checkout? I mean there are always like 5 people before and after me, and I think it would be awkward if we are changing numbers while customers are waiting behind us. Or even worse if I read the signs wrong and she rejects me? Since the store is just 5 min away from my place I visit regularly and don't want to leave a bad impression there."
"You start with the number 1536. Your mission is to get to 1 in as few steps as possible. At each step, you may either multiply or divide the number you have, by either 2 or 3; but, only if the result is a whole number whose first digit is 1, 3, 4, or 9. That is all."
"I want to create a simple bit of JS code that creates an image element in the background and doesn't display anything. The image element will call a tracking URL (such as Omniture) and needs to be simple and robust and work in IE 6 = ```var oImg = document.createElement(""img""); oImg.setAttribute('src', 'http://www.testtrackinglink.com'); oImg.setAttribute('alt', 'na'); oImg.setAttribute('height', '1px'); oImg.setAttribute('width', '1px'); document.body.appendChild(oImg); ``` Is this the simplest but most robust (error free) way to do it?"
Why is %s better than + for concatenation in python?
"I had an interview with an employer working on a software-based vehicle solution.
Before going further in the interview process, he gave me a task to find out if a potential customer (automotive OEMs) is interested.
My question is, how can I approach a potential customer and arrange some time together to present to them the solution?. I'm intending to use Linkedin, but I'm not sure how to proceed.

* Who to contact (I mean the person position in the company)
* How to formulate the request?
"
"When an expendable booster rocket stage nears the end of its burn, does the guidance computer shut the engine(s) off at a certain velocity/altitude for the mission, or does the stage completely exhaust its propellants?"
"Is "ima" an informal spelling of "I must"?

MegaCharizardZord  Replying to @nytimes about COVID-19 vaccine:
i just hope when i take it don't die lol.  i trust the government in Canada, but if I do get something ima sue the shit out of em lol.


Source: Twitter
"
"How to prevent ""Delhi Belly"" from eating/drinking locally?"
"I'm working at my first programming job. My boss is a very smart software engineer, and I feel
like I have very little to offer compared to him. Problem is, he is always busy, and needs someone to help him out. I feel like I'm not good enough, but I still want to succeed. I want to be a great programmer.
What can I do to impress him?
Thank you."
"Can I pass variables to a GNU Makefile as command line arguments? In other words, I want to pass some arguments which will eventually become variables in the Makefile."
"I have noticed that some games quote the requirement for ""pixel shader 3.0 or better"". 
What is a pixel shader and is it some software requirements or hardware requirements?"
Red light facing forwards? It was nighttime in Manhattan. Isn't more always better when it comes to being seen?
"If water is not a good conductor, why are we advised to avoid water near electricity (no wet hands near circuits etc.)?"
"What is the difference between cohesion and coupling?
How can coupling and cohesion lead to either good or poor software design?
What are some examples that outline the difference between the two, and their impact on overall code quality?"
Can Romex (NM-B) cable be run through conduit?
"Let's say I have a function which takes an ```std::function```:
```void callFunction(std::function x)
{
    x();
}
```
Should I pass ```x``` by const-reference instead?:
```void callFunction(const std::function& x)
{
    x();
}
```
Does the answer to this question change depending on what the function does with it? For example if it is a class member function or constructor which stores or initializes the ```std::function``` into a member variable."
"I have an Eloquent model which has a related model:
```public function option() {
    return $this->hasOne('RepairOption', 'repair_item_id');
}
public function setOptionArrayAttribute($values)
{
    $this->option->update($values);
}
```
When I create the model, it does not necessarily have a related model. When I update it, I might add an option, or not.
So I need to check if the related model exists, to either update it, or create it, respectively:
```$model = RepairItem::find($id);
if (Input::has('option')) {
    if () {
        $option = new RepairOption(Input::get('option'));
        $option->repairItem()->associate($model);
        $option->save();
        $model->fill(Input::except('option');
    } else {
       $model->update(Input::all());
    }
};
```
Where `````` is the code I am looking for."
"NASA is hiring a new 'planetary protection officer' to defend Earth from alien matter, and the pay is a six-figure salary: as much as $187,000 a year.
When we are not sure whether aliens exist, why are we still hiring staff for protecting Earth? I do understand we have to take precautions. But when we don't have any proof why spend $187,000 a year?
Source: Nasa [sic] hiring new 'planetary protection officer' to defend Earth from alien matter - Times of India, Aug 3, 2017"
"Traditional advice for making megadungeons in older versions of D&D is in addition to any rooms with Monsters, Treasure, Traps, or ""Tricks"", there should also be at least 50 to 60 percent ""Empty"" rooms, which contain nothing overtly threatening or valuable.  Now, there's several arguments for including these empty rooms that I buy, so I'm not going to accept any answer which primarily says, ""Don't include empty rooms"".  The main issue I run into with empty rooms, however, is that they're boring in the way that I've been including them.  They don't do their job of increasing tension, and the set dressing included around them hasn't been sufficiently interesting to my players either.  My question is this: How can I make empty rooms interesting, by increasing tension or simply being interesting in and of themselves?"
"Laravel - Eloquent ""Has"", ""With"", ""WhereHas"" - What do they mean? explain in the context of an example"
What are some of the advantages of using one over the other?
"What factors determine the maximum altitude for a plane?
Is it limited by wing design, engine thrust, and so on?
Is there a formula by which one can calculate the maximum altitude a plane can reach?"
"Why did the Typescript folks create the ```infer``` keyword?
According to the documents, this is an example of how you would use it:
```type ReturnType = T extends (...args: any[]) => infer R ? R : any;
```
I don't understand why this is needed. Why can't it just be:
```type ReturnType = T extends (...args: any[]) => R ? R : any;
```
Why doesn't this work? Why is the ```infer``` keyword necessary ?"
Which is more widely supported: ```window.onload``` or ```document.onload```?
"I was surprised to learn that Puerto Ricans, despite living in a US territory, were not entitled to vote in the presidential elections.
I was even more surprised to learn that US citizens are allowed to vote for president from anywhere in the world - EXCEPT if they happen to live in Puerto Rico.
What is the legal/political rationale behind this? What is it about Puerto Rico that magically removes one's right to vote? Has anyone ever challenged this?"
"Suppose I wrote that I will be killed by a UFO falling from space in the year 2315 while I am lifting.
Will the Note increase my lifespan? In other words, will I still be alive by then? "
"I have an Affa Protector enchanted with Unhallowed Pact ... My opponent kills my Affa with Dread Slaver ...
Who will take control of the creature at the end? This is taking into consideration that my aura spell was cast 5 turns ago. Meaning my aura spell is NOT on the stack."
"I've found that some people call JavaScript a ""dynamically, weakly typed"" language, but some even say ""untyped""?  Which is it really?"
"I was fixing my laptop, and as you may know, laptops have a lot of small screws to take out when you are fixing it. One of the screws fell into the floor (the floor has carpet on it), and I was unable to follow the screw with my sight. If I don't follow the screw with my sight when it falls, there is a high chance that I will not see that screw again.
My question is: what kind of method, tool or hack can I use to find small screws that falls into the floor?
I have tried using the tool with a magnet on the tip, that mechanics use to grab wrenches that falls in inaccessible areas, but had no luck finding the screw."
"What is the difference between mutex and critical section? Please explain from  Linux, Windows perspectives? 
I am programming in C#, would these two terms make a difference. Please post as much as  you can, with examples and such....
Thanks"
"What is the purpose of the single underscore ""_"" variable in Python? What is the meaning of ```_``` after ```for``` in this code?
```if tbh.bag:
    n = 0
    for _ in tbh.bag.atom_set():
        n += 1
```"
"What is the difference between doing:
```ptr = malloc (MAXELEMS * sizeof(char *));
```
or:
```ptr = calloc (MAXELEMS, sizeof(char*));
```
When is it a good idea to use calloc over malloc or vice versa?"
Why would I want to use Kotlin's coroutines? It seems that the RxKotlin library is much more versatile. Kotlin's coroutines look significantly less powerful and more cumbersome to use in comparison. I base my opinion on coroutines on this design talk by Andrey Breslav (JetBrains) Slideshow from the talk is accessible here.
"How do I get a ```PriorityQueue``` to sort on what I want it to sort on?
Also, is there a difference between the ```offer``` and ```add``` methods?"
"I've looked in the Apex developer's guide and a saw the Naming Conventions section  which has basically only has this:

We recommend following Java standards for naming, that is, classes start with a capital letter, methods start with a lowercase verb, and variable names should be meaningful.

I'm looking for something more in depth, such as end all Controllers with Controller and their tests with ControllerTest, etc.
What is a good set of naming conventions to use when developing on the Force.com platofrm?  It would be preferable if the answer has something that handles custom objects, classes, visualforce pages, and components and not just Apex classes."
"When learning some basic French, I was somewhat surprised to learn that phrases of the form ""I have found the cat"" generally translate almost word-for-word from English (J'ai trouvé le chat). To me, it's not immediately obvious that possession (""I have""/""J'ai"") has a correspondence with past tense, although if I think about it a little more I suppose I can kind of see how it makes sense.
This makes me wonder: Is this a common pattern in other languages? Especially ones not closely related to English."
"I'm building a simple helper script for work that will copy a couple of template files in our code base to the current directory. I don't, however, have the absolute path to the directory where the templates are stored. I do have a relative path from the script but when I call the script it treats that as a path relative to the current working directory. Is there a way to specify that this relative url is from the location of the script instead?"
How to send HTML-formatted email in C#?
"I want to sum a list of Integers. It works as follows, but the syntax does not feel right. Could the code be optimized?
```Map integers;
integers.values().stream().mapToInt(i -> i).sum();
```"
"I am beginner of LaTeX. From many examples I found, I notice that it's very common to use command ```\leavevmode```. I can't find any information about this command. Could anyone tell me what's the function of it and how to use it?"
"In Python specifically, how do variables get shared between threads?
Although I have used ```threading.Thread``` before I never really understood or saw examples of how variables got shared.  Are they shared between the main thread and the children or only among the children? When would I need to use thread local storage to avoid this sharing?
I have seen many warnings about synchronizing access to shared data among threads by using locks but I have yet to see a really good example of the problem. 
Thanks in advance!"
"I grew up in a country where we were not allowed to leave/travel to an other country even when we were able to do so – we had the resources and dual nationality.
After two decades I still can't figure out why dictators, like Kim Jong-un for example, ban people from leaving their home countries?
Could it be that a dictator is usually interested in looting the country he rules, and having a smaller population means more natural resources for him and fewer protesters?"
Why can't we kill ourselves by holding our breath?
"Sometimes while driving in the traffic, I come across a car or two which would be dripping water-like drops from its exhaust steadily in 4-5 second intervals. I tried to ask a couple of people at the local workshops; they say, and I quote, "The car is giving an amazing mileage".
And I am like, what does that water dripping mean even then? Why does the water drip? What is the source of it? And what does it signify?"
Why can't MX records point to an IP address?
"Why is ```SELECT *``` bad practice? Wouldn't it mean less code to change if you added a new column you wanted?
I  understand that ```SELECT COUNT(*)``` is a performance problem on some DBs, but what if you really wanted every column?"
"I did my training around the Seattle area, and was told that landing at SeaTac Airport (the region's major International/Commercial airport), while not strictly forbidden, was definitely frowned upon because it can slow down and interfere with the big planes on schedules. To discourage GA aircraft from using the big airport, they have a variety of landing fees, ramp fees, and prior-approval requirements.
But later, I moved near MCI, and was told that landing at the big airport was no big deal.  That they're actually happy to have little planes there.
If you fly small GA planes, do you land at the major airports in your area?
What advanced preparations can you make to minimize your impact on the ""big boys"", and remain a good airspace citizen?"
"I need a way to compare multiple strings to a test string and return the string that closely resembles it:
```TEST STRING: THE BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE RED COW
CHOICE A   : THE RED COW JUMPED OVER THE GREEN CHICKEN
CHOICE B   : THE RED COW JUMPED OVER THE RED COW
CHOICE C   : THE RED FOX JUMPED OVER THE BROWN COW
```
(If I did this correctly) The closest string to the ""TEST STRING"" should be ""CHOICE C"".  What is the easiest way to do this?
I plan on implementing this into multiple languages including VB.net, Lua, and JavaScript.  At this point, pseudo code is acceptable.  If you can provide an example for a specific language, this is appreciated too!"
"Given the following code:
```var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
var results: number[] = await arr.map(async (item): Promise => {
        await callAsynchronousOperation(item);
        return item + 1;
    });
```
which produces the following error:

  TS2322: Type 'Promise[]' is not assignable to type 'number[]'.
  Type 'Promise is not assignable to type 'number'.

How can I fix it? How can I make ```async await``` and ```Array.map``` work together?"
Why don't helicopters use reaction wheels to counter the main rotor?
"When configuring cron to run a command every other day using the ""Day of Month"" field, like so: 
```1 22 */2 * * COMMAND
```
it runs every time the day of month is odd: 1,3,5,7,9 and so on.
How can I configure cron to run on days of month that are even like 2,6,8,10 and so on (without specifying it literally, which is problematic as every month has a different number of days in the month)?"
"Is there a way to have a private setter for a property in TypeScript?
```class Test
{
    private _prop: string;
    public get prop() : string
    {
        return this._prop;
    }
    private set prop(val: string)
    {
        //can put breakpoints here
        this._prop = val;
    }
}
```
Compiler complains that visibility for getter and setter don't match. I know I can just set the backing field, but but then I can't set breakpoints when the value is set.
I though about using an interface to hide the setter, but interfaces can only define a property, not whether it has a getter on setter.
Am I missing something here? There doesn't seem to be any reason to not allow private setters, the resulting JS doesn't enforce visibility anyway, and seems better that the current alternatives.
Am I missing something? If not is there a good reason for no private setters?"
"When learning vocabulary, especially with the use of SRS (Spaced Repetition System), it is interesting to use flashcards. A commonly encountered problem is how to formulate those for maximum efficiency.
How does learning vocabulary through sentences, thus giving context to the used words, compare to learning to recognize words alone? For example, the context may give away the meaning of the problematic vocabulary. Are there studies or expert opinions on one approach being preferable to the other at different stages of language learning?  Or is it recommended that they be mixed for best results?"
"Can I spend the night alone in a tent in a forest outside Stockholm in -20°C without risking my life?

The backstory
From the end of January, I'm starting my studies in a suburb of Stockholm. I've decided to, if it turns out plausible, not rent an apartment, but live in a tent. (This is not out of frugality, but out of a will to try something new.)
I do have friends who I could visit once a week or so to prepare food and wash my clothes, so I think I can solve the practical problems, or at least those that I've come to think of. I'd camp in one of the forests, maybe 1 km from ""civilisation"". I'd have access to showers etc at university every day.
However: I don't want to freeze to death in my sleep! That's very important to me. I've read that the nights can get as cold as -20°C (-4°F). With the proper preparations, would this be a plausible way of living, at least for a month or so?
I do have camping experience, and have been hiking for three weeks, but only in summer."
"Why is the volt not identical to the full name Volta, unlike the other electrical units ohm, ampere, coulomb, tesla, weber and henry? Is there a historical explanation, was the volt introduced at a different time?"
"We can define cross products mathematically like if we take two vectors, we can find another vector with certain properties but why do we use it in physics, if we consider a hypothetical physical quantity like force which is equal to cross product of certain vectors?

  For example, the force exerted on a charge in motion in an uniform magnetic field.

Why is it so? Why does that force have to be a cross product of two vectors?
Is it possible to come up with them when what we do is just observe the nature?"
"I have a web project in my solution file that is ""unavailable"" when I open the solution. When I right-click on the web project and reload the project, I get the following error:
```
The Web Application Project mycompany.myapp.mywebproject is configured to use IIS. The Web Server 'http://localhost/MyWebApp could not be found.
```
I have not manually set up virtual directories for this web application. 
Per colleagues, Visual Studio should prompt me to create virtual directories but I am not getting prompted. 
I installed VS2010 before installing IIS on my dev machine. 
Here is my development machine setup:

* Windows 7 Enterprise
* Service Pack 1
* 64 bit OS
* Visual Studio 2010 Enterprise Service pack 1
* IIS version 7.5
"
Why is it hard to draw people running in animes?
"Malachi 4:5: 

  I will send you the prophet Elijah. He will come before the day of the Lord arrives. It will be a great and terrifying day

Jesus says in Matthew 11:14

  ""and if you are willing to believe their message, John is Elijah, whose coming was predicted""

Jesus says in Mathew 17:12

  But I tell you, Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him everything they wished. In the same way the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.”

It's pretty clear from the above verses that John was Elijah reincarnated.
Wouldn't the above verses imply that reincarnation is true? "
"I see hugely varied performance depending on how many newlines there are in the file I'm visiting.
Here's an example. I have two JSON files:
```$ wget https://github.com/Wilfred/ReVo-utilities/blob/a4bdc40dd2656c496defc461fc19c403c8306d9f/revo-export/dictionary.json?raw=true -O one_line.json
$ python -m json.tool pretty_printed.json
```
These are two JSON files with the same content. ```one_line.json``` is 18MiB of JSON without any newlines. ```pretty_printed.json``` has newlines and whitespace added, making it 41MiB.
However, the bigger file split over many lines is much faster to open in Emacs, both in Javascript mode and Fundamental mode.
Why does Emacs have such poor performance with long lines, since it's actually fewer bytes? Is there anything I can do to improve performance without reformatting the data outside of Emacs?"
"Sooner or later we come across a task in our project, with which we are totally unfamiliar ('we' as in PM, but also possibly the staff assigned to do this particular task). 
How can we estimate amount of time/work/resources needed to complete such a task? What margins of error should we assume?"
"Why is Nazi-Germany commonly referred to as ""The Third Reich"" in English? Why is reich not translated when Dritten (""third"") is?
And what is the English synonym of reich? Realm?
Austria (Republik Österreich), Norway (Kongeriket Norge) and Sweden (Konungariket Sverige) all have reich (or the Norwegian/Swedish corresponding etymology related word) in their name and they all have English translations of their name."
"If we fold a paper and then apply pressure on the newly formed crease, it seems that the paper's surface gets a permanent deformation but what exactly has happened to the paper at a molecular scale?"
"In general, there are two types of syntax of defining functions - Something like C, C++, C#, or Java (```int functionName(char arg)```) vs the ML (and others) tradition of defining the return type after the function (and using something like a ```fun``` keyword to define a function - like ```fun functionName(char arg): int```).
One of the advantages (for the parser, at least) for a ```fun``` keyword is that it lets the parser be context-free (it doesn't have to guess if ```int``` defines a variable or if it defines a function).
When C was invented, computers had very little memory and speed (so little, that the reason C requires one to define all the variables in the beginning of the function was because it had to be a one-pass parser). Why didn't they choose the simple way out and use function defining keyword?"
"I am new to TeX, working on it for about 2 months. Have not yet figured out how to script the 'curvy L' for Lagrangian and/or for Laplace Transforms.
As of now I am using the 'L' - which is not good! :-( 
Any help?
UPDATE The 2 best solutions are;
```\usepackage{ amssymb }
\mathcal{L}
```
and
```\usepackage{ mathrsfs }
\mathscr{L}
```
I got my answers at, http://detexify.kirelabs.org/classify.html "
"My son doesn't want to share anything with other kids, and if some kid even so much as touches his toy, he pushes the kid. He shouts and cries at the same time, and tries to express his anger by pushing and hitting the kid. I feel so embarrassed in front of other parents. 
And when he is at home with me and doing something wrong, I try to stop him, he tries to repeat my words and shouts at me. He is copying the behavior of others, whether it's a good act or bad...
Please help me how to stop him from being a bully."
What are the differences between the Strategy design pattern and the State design pattern? please explain the difference in layman's terms?
Why don't Tour de France riders always ride their TT bikes?
"I remember when the Muslim holy book was the Koran when I was in middle school, but now it's the Quran. But it's always been Qatar and Iraq (but still Kuwait.)
Who decided that 'Q' was going to be represent that sound instead of 'K', and why?"
How do you add Boost libraries in CMakeLists.txt?
"Quando devo fazer essa gravação direto no banco? 
Quais as situações?
Eu sei que posso gravar no banco o caminho da imagem."
"I need a regular expression that validates a number, but doesn't require a digit after the decimal. ie. ```123 123. 123.4 ``` would all be valid ```123.. ``` would be invalid"
"The year is 2109 C.E my friends and I were caught in a space disaster when the spacecraft we're in broke apart during a daring escape from a patrolling spacecraft. We stole an antique cellphone (from 1999, in good working condition) from a space museum but our escape was interrupted and fortunately we managed to get into the escape pod and didn't get caught up in the explosion. The only emergency transponder in the escape pod isn't working probably due to the destruction of the spacecraft. Given the technology of 1999, is it possible for us to sent out a distress signal to alert the leaving patrol spacecraft?
Note: the cellphone was the most innovative product of 1999 money can buy.
The escape pod is not a Faraday cage we're talking about the future and the patrol spacecraft don't necessary be on a lookout for distress signal; please use these clues to your advantage.
If there is absolutely no way to transmit any man-made signal out, please state a valid reason why it can't be done."
"Often I want to just point the camera to an object or a specific area in my scene to get an idea of how it'll look in the render. What's the most painless hassle-free way to do this in blender?
A quick search on the blender wiki does not lend itself to easy look-up due to all the noise in the search result.
This question could probably be broken down into these two main questions:

* How do I point a selected camera to the current 3d-cursor location in the scene?
* How do I point the selected camera to the currently selected object(s) in the scene?
"
"What are the general tactics of Krav Maga as opposed to Systema? 
For instance, the tactics of Silat are to hurt the other person so badly they can't hurt back. Another example would be that the tactics of boxing would be to knock out the other person first using only punches. So, as far as I know, the goal of Systema and Krav Maga are both to do anything you can to defeat your attacker because they are serious about self defense. Does that mean that Krav Maga and Systema are strategical identical? Does Krav use strategies that Systema doesn't? Does Systema use any strategies that Krav doesn't? Is there a difference or do they generally work the same way?"
"I understand that unlocking the bootloader will wipe my Android phone, but have been looking around for why.  Seems to be by design, but what is the reasoning for that design?  Is it some security concern, some obscure technical reason, or just for lulz?  I'm looking for something solid to chew on here, something more than because ""that's how it is""."
"The original IBM PC and later variants used an Intel 8253 or 8254 as a sound chip. Why did users add sound cards such as the Adlib or Sound Blaster. I remember voice output with programs like telephone answering programs. The sound was wimpy but I attributed most of the quality to speaker size.
What was lacking with the original PC sound chip? "
"According to the sources I have found, a lambda expression is essentially implemented by the compiler creating a class with overloaded function call operator and the referenced variables as members. This suggests that the size of lambda expressions varies, and given enough references variables that size can be arbitrarily large.
An ```std::function``` should have a fixed size, but it must be able to wrap any kind of callables, including any lambdas of the same kind. How is it implemented? If ```std::function``` internally uses a pointer to its target, then what happens, when the ```std::function``` instance is copied or moved? Are there any heap allocations involved?"
"So, I'm on vacation in Utah, and so I attended an LDS service. In the morning, I heard a reading from one of the Presidents of the church during the ""Quorum of the Elders,"" then went to Sunday School, and finally witnessed the Sacrement of the bread and water. (I guess it makes sense there was no wine, but it did make me go ""Huh!"") After that, there were testimonies from missionaries and some music - but nothing that struck me as a sermon. 
Was I missing something, or was this an atypical service? I guess I was trying to understand what the ""pastor""s role in the service was supposed to be - or again, is it just that Mormons are even more Baptist than baptists?
If someone could explain how instruction and exhortation are primarily conferred in the LDS church Id appreciate it. "
"A partir de un String, ```""123-654321""```, lo que deseo es dividirlo en dos Strings:
```string1=123
string2=654321
```"
"What’s the difference between ```\n``` (newline) and ```\r``` (carriage return)?
In particular, are there any practical differences between ```\n``` and ```\r```? Are there places where one should be used instead of the other?"