### Instruction:

Extract the cause and effect entities from the following sentence:
Prior to the start of any production welding, all welder/welding operator performance qualification (WPQ) shall be approved by an M&P engineer authorized by NASA

### Assistant:

NEGATION: Prior to
CAUSE_1: the start of any production welding
VARIABLE: the start
CONDITION: of any production welding
EFFECT_1: all welder/welding operator performance qualification (WPQ) shall be approved by an M&P engineer authorized by NASA

