### Instruction:

Extract the cause and effect entities from the following sentence:
To maintain its lead in as many areas as possible within available funding, the TMT Observatory will execute a vigorous development program during the operations phase

### Assistant:

VARIABLE: the operations phase
CONDITION: will execute a vigorous development program
EFFECT_1: To maintain its lead in as many areas as possible within available funding
CAUSE_1: the TMT Observatory will execute a vigorous development program
KEYWORD: during
CAUSE_2: the operations phase

