The CEDA archive has published a valuable new dataset this week, called HadUK-Grid. This dataset, provided by the Met Office, is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. What makes this dataset notable is that it spans a long time-series (1862-2017) and is freely available to download from our archive.
Some of the observations underwent a ‘rescue mission’ where they were digitised from historic weather station records. These observations have been collated to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. Variables include air temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.
The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables — for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in the 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. The station observations used to produce the grids have undergone a quality control process which corrects or removes erroneous data. The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office.
But why use gridded data, like HadUK-Grid? Some advantages include:
The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. Data can be accessed here and more information can be found on the Met Office website.
The data have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project "Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK".


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E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org | Expert in Water Quality Measurement and Water Treatment Project
A turbidity meter is also called a turbidity meter. It can test the turbidity of water samples in water supply plants, power plants, industrial and mining enterprises, laboratories, and the field.
The operating principle of the turbidity meter: when a certain incident light intensity is used to pass through a water sample of the same thickness and different turbidity, different transmitted light intensities will be obtained, and the extinction value is proportional to the turbidity. The turbidity meter measures the transmission Light intensity, and after circuit processing, the turbidity value of the water sample is obtained. This instrument is often used in the necessary inspection equipment for the treatment of qs certification in drinking water plants.
Turbidity, the turbidity degree of water, is caused by the water containing a small amount of insoluble suspended substances and colloidal substances. The measurement unit used in the ISO standard is FTU (turbidity unit), and FTU is the same as NTU (turbidity measurement unit). The turbidity meter is based on this principle to measure the turbidity of water.
The turbidity meter monitors the turbidity of the water quality. The water containing mud, silt, fine organic matter, inorganic matter, plankton, and other suspended solids and colloids can make the water become turbid and present certain turbidity. The rules in water quality analysis ：The turbidity composed of 1mg SiO2 in 1L of water is a standard turbidity unit, referred to as 1 degree. Generally, the higher the turbidity, the more turbid the solution.
Turbidity is the degree of the hindrance of suspended solids in water to light transmission. Suspended and colloidal substances such as mud, dust, fine organic matter, zooplankton, and other microorganisms in water can make the water appear turbid.
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Olivier Brunel was a Flemish merchant and explorer, born in Brabant in the 16th century. He was the first to establish trade routes between the Netherlands and Russia. He also explored the northern coast of Russia searching for a route to China and the East Indies.
- 1570s-1580s Olivier Brunel, imprisoned by Russians, thanks to English intrigues, including a Thos Hudson. Sent via Ob R. overland from Muscovy to trade with the Chinese - 1580s Olivier Brunel returns to Netherlands and informs Plancius of NorthEast route to China – “sailed north for the English. Then he vanished. However Brunel had failed, he had not been a failure. It was he who made the White Sea Trading Company of the Dutch a success; he was the first Dutch Arctic navigator. Others were to follow along the path he had blazed.” – Jeanette Mirsky, To the Arctic! The Story of Northern Exploration from Earliest Times, p.37
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NEW HAVEN, Conn. (WTNH) — A program based out of New Haven is bridging the digital divide. A problem that really came to light during the pandemic.
In this week’s edition of “Connecticut Up Close,” Concepts For Adaptive Learning (CFAL) has been bringing people into the computer age for the past two decades.
Most of us can’t imagine life without a computer, and the skills needed to effectively navigate the internet. “They come to us because they don’t have the funding to buy a computer or attend a computer class, so we are providing a lot of that for free,” said Tesha Tramantono-Kelly, Executive Director of Concepts For Adaptive Learning.
That’s the mission of concepts for adaptive learning for digital inclusion–creating digital equity, so people with limited financial resources have access to tech.
CFAL offers a 10-week training program for adults. When they complete it, they receive their own computer to take home. “Opportunities are being missed for so many communities, because they don’t have the same opportunities as everybody else,” said Kelly.
Rashad Jackson went through the program, and is now an instructor at CFAL. “It was the stepping stone that I really needed to get into the tech world, and this is the perfect place to start,” said Rashad Jackson, CFAL Technical Instructor.
The computers come from local corporations and colleges, and instead of being thrown out, they’re given to CFAL, so they can get a second life.
James Mitchell has refurbished thousands of computers for CFAL over the years. He says there is nothing like seeing the smiles on people’s faces when they leave with their very own computer.
The program is free and open to anyone and funded primarily through grants.
CFAL services people all across the greater New Haven area. You can get in touch with them at (475)-285-6500, or email@example.com, or via this link.


Spv: Adrian Latupeirissa
Project 1: Sonic dress for humanoid robots
Develop an interactive sonic dress for Pepper robot, embedded with a number of small loudspeakers which should provide a meaningful sonic feedback in correspondence to robot movements, thus enhancing the perception of robot movements.
Robots are limited in the expressive range of their movement, sonic output, and display of emotion. Communication channels between human and robot are dictated by the number of sensors and output available in the robot. We are looking at exploring a possible improvement by adding these communication channels on an existing robot.
This is a very practical project. You will learn how to design and implement an interactive artefact in Human-Robot Interaction. Understanding of HRI/HCI and knowledge in physical interaction prototyping are required. Prototyping tools and materials are provided. A Pepper robot is also available.
Project 2: Exploring the use of non-verbal sound in Human-Robot Interaction
Explore sound design method and create sound models utilizing non-verbal sound of a robot to communicate with human.
There are many sides in the interaction between human and robots. Robots can be the extension of ourselves in the world both physically (e.g: NASA Mars Rover) or virtually through networked communication (e.g: asking a robot to look for information available online). Robots can also be present and accompany us in our daily activities (e.g: social robots at home). In any of these scenarios, there could be many information that can be communicated to us human; any reading from the robot's sensor, internal workings of its 'brain' or computing processes, or any various real-time information of what is happening in the world.
Instead of speech or visualization, in this project we are interested to use non-vebal sound to communicate these various information.
Unlike any other projects offered here, the details of this project is open for your suggestion and interests. It can be a very technical project or a theoritical/philosophical one. Interest in Human-Robot Interaction, understanding of sound design and HCI, as well as technical capabilities to work with our robot (Python, C++, or Java) are required.


Overview of Genetics and Genomics in Nursing
Case Study, Chapter 8, Overview of Genetics and Genomics in Nursing
1. A patient who is 38 years of age is diagnosed with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, a hereditary disease that results in fluid-filled cysts occupying space in the kidneys. The cysts can interfere with the function of the kidney and may burst and cause bleeding inside the kidney. The patient with polycystic kidney disease may or may not have a berry aneurysm of a blood vessel in the brain that could lead to bleeding and death, cysts on the ovaries, and a mitral valve prolapse (in females) that can lead to dysrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms), or diverticula (outpouching of the bowel) that are susceptible to infection and inflammation and may lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient is susceptible to retaining fluid in the abdomen so the abdomen is large to constipation, and to hypertension. There is no cure for the disease. The patient receives supportive care for the various symptoms or complications the patient may have.
When explaining to the patient and family about polycystic kidney disease, the nurse should explain what characteristics about an autosomal dominant genetic disease?
How does variable expression of genetic characteristics play a role in the course of polycystic kidney disease and how can the nurse further predict the level of the disease?
Identify the roles of the nurse in integrating genetics in the nursing care provided for the patient.
2. Mr. Wayne is a 38-year-old man with a significant family history of elevated cholesterol levels. His father died at age 42 from a massive heart attack secondary to elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, and two of his older siblings are currently taking medications to lower their cholesterol levels. Mr. Wayne makes an appointment to discuss his risk for hypercholesterolemia. The nurse recognizes that Mr. Wayne is at risk for familial hypercholesterolemia because this is an autosomal dominant inherited condition.
Describe the pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance.
Mr. Wayne asks what chance his children have of developing familial hypercholesterolemia. How should the nurse respond?
Explain the phenomenon of penetrance observed in autosomal dominant inheritance.


Acrylates are used as very effective cross-linkers in the polymerization of liquid resins used in stereolithography (SLA) printing. When UV light is shown on reactive monomers or oligomers in the liquid resins, they bond together to form a solid object and a typical SLA printer will build up a solid object, layer by layer, using this chemical reaction.
Acrylates and methacrylates present some human and environmental health problems, however. In use in the baseline study resin these chemicals were shown to be skin and eye irritants, skin sensitizers and aquatic toxicants.
The SLA team identified five strategies to reduce or replace (meth)acrylates in SLA printing resins: the employment of functionalized biopolymers, the use of click chemistry, pH-induced photo-polymerization, the photo-polymerization of unmodified proteins, and novel encapsulation techniques.
For each strategy, the team proposed a photopolymerization process and gave example materials for use in resin formulas. They also considered additional steps that could be taken to enhance the properties of objects printed with their proposed strategies; for instance, using post-print curing or additives to enhance strength. Finally, they provided an overview of how each strategy addressed human health and environmental criteria while promising adequate technical performance, and proposed steps that industry leaders could take to further develop these strategiesFinal ReportFinal Report


XI'AN, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- Through virtual reality (VR), students from the Northwest University in Xi'an, capital of China's Shaanxi Province, can "visit" archaeological sites while sitting in the classroom.
Supported by a foundation, the university set up a VR teaching lab where the excavation sites can be reconstructed and the students can observe the features of various ruins and grasp the basic procedures and methods of archaeological investigation and excavation.
VR technologies simulate a virtual environment that resembles reality. Wearing equipment such as helmets and glasses, users feel as if they are actually in the location that is being simulated.
According to Ma Jian, deputy head of the university's School of Cultural Heritage, researchers can establish 3D models based on real data collected in ruins and tombs. With the help of VR equipment, students can have a better grasp of the knowledge in the books.
The VR technology has been used in many courses including archaeology and cultural relics protection in the university.
China's VR market expanded 164 percent year on year to reach 16 billion yuan (around 2.3 billion U.S. dollars) in 2017, data showed. The market is likely to exceed 90 billion yuan by 2020, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.


Meghalaya is home to a diverse mix of people, from those whose ancestors met Western missionaries 200 years ago to others who have lived all of their life high in the hills where even clothing is not considered necessary.
Foreign missionaries first came to mountainous Meghalaya in the 1800s. Today more than half the population consider themselves Christians, but the faith of many is a mixture of customs from both Christian traditions and their own ancestral rituals. Other small tribes have never heard the Gospel.
Meghalaya is extensively rural and 85 percent tribal, yet there is a fairly high literacy rate—meaning the people are able to read Christian literature. The society in Meghalaya is unique in that it is matriarchal. The family wealth and property are passed down to the women. The main occupation is agriculture, and many crops grow there in what is one of the world’s wettest regions.
|At A Glance: Meghalaya|
|Size||8,800 sq. mi.|
|193 People groups
|37% are illiterate|
|19% are below the poverty line|


Many English language teachers believe that formal meeting is an important skill when acquiring business English. However, many instructors find it challenging to prepare student to truly engage in meaningful and focused discussions. Helping students implement formal meeting skill such as taking turns to speak and understand the correct use of discussion phrases such as "Hear! Hear!" can be a long and difficult process. Through demonstrating two discussion card games, this presentation aims to share ideas on how to address the above-mentioned problem and other problems such as having to accommodate dominating students, and students who have a lack of willingness to produce specific language. The presenter will explain the design and implementation of the activities, and discuss their actual classroom experience. These activities range from intermediate to advanced, with a focus on business meeting language. Then, participants will brainstorm other possible benefits and drawbacks of this approach and other ideas for further development.
Hilda Hio Fong Fok, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao
Doris Ka I Ip, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao
Stream: Gaming and Simulation
This paper is part of the ECLL2017 Conference Proceedings (View)
View / Download the full paper in a new tab/window
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A collection of free Bible worksheets, games, activity and handwriting pages for kids. These free Bible worksheets can be printed for your homeschool or Sunday School classroom and feature many themes you can tie into your weekly lessons. If you’re interested in a complete collection be sure to check out our Bible Alphabet Curriculum where you can download and print an entire Bible Letter of the Week program for your children.
Bible ABC Worksheets
A set of Bible ABC Worksheets featuring the upper and lowercase letters of the alphabet. These pages teach letter formation alongside beginning words for different Biblical characters and themes.
Bible Verse Copywork Sheets
A collection of free Bible Verse Tracing Pages for little learners. Children can write and memorize these small, but key scriptures with our free printable Bible verse packs.
Days of Creation Number Handwriting Worksheets
A set of seven different handwriting worksheets you can use to teach children number formation.
Bible ABC Worksheets (Uppercase)
A free collection of Bible ABC worksheets featuring the uppercase letters. Each page represents a different Bible character or theme.
Ten Commandments Number Worksheets
A collection of number worksheets for the ten commandments. Each page features a key visual to help children remember each commandment.
Fruit of the Spirit Read & Write Workbook
This 10 page booklet provides children the opportunity to read, write and draw their way through the different fruits of the Spirit. This is great for handwriting practice and the finished product provides children with a take home booklet they can share with their family.


Salkhad (صلخد), a predominantly Druze town to the southeast of al-Suweida (السويداء), has had a long history dating to pre-Islamic times. The remains visible today date mostly from the 13th century. Most striking of these is the Ayyubid citadel built in 1214-1247, about the same period as the fortification of the amphitheater in Bosra (بصری). Both were to serve as southern defenses of Damascus (دمشق) against the Crusader presence in Jerusalem. The site was probably earlier occupied by a fort built by the Egyptian Fatimid Caliph, al-Mustansir, in 1073-1074. The citadel was restored in 1277 by the Mamluk Sultan, Baibars. The fortress was built into the crater of a volcano, but the walls which slope steeply down the outer face of the vent are now badly crumbled. The site was controlled by the Syrian military and off-limits until recently, but is now open to the public.
Below the castle, to the south, are the remains of a minaret from the Ayyubid period, erected in 1232. The design is hexagonal in shape, a plan unique in Islamic architecture but probably borrowing from Roman models. It was built using local basalt stone, black with a dark red section at the top, interrupted by two bands of white with finely inscribed Koranic passages and niches on each face. The original mosque has disappeared but apparently resembled in style that of the Mosque of Umar in nearby Bosra (بصری).
Getting There: Microbuses frequently travel between the main bus station in al-Suweida (السويداء) and Salkhad (صلخد). Occasional large buses make the same journey for a slightly lower fare.
Coordinates: 32°29’37.59″N / 36°42’37.70″E
Transliteration Variants: Sulkhad
Rating: (6 / 10)
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We routinely monitor and report the air quality at our mine site. This effort is supported by six high-volume samplers located strategically around the mine site to measure total suspended particulate (TSP) levels. At all stations, the annual average TSP concentration has been below the Kyrgyz 24-hour TSP limit of 500 micrograms/m3 for industrial zones. Selected TSP samples are also analyzed for cyanide, sulfur, arsenic, nickel, selenium, zinc, uranium, radium-226, and strontium-90.
We maintain mine roads and use water trucks to suppress traffic-related dust
The road from the village of Barskaun is shared by KGC’s vehicles and those of border services traveling to outlying villages via the Suek Pass and Jetimi Ridge. Also, it is used for cattle driving or transportation to summer pastures and backwards as well as by tourists visiting the Barskaun Gorge for recreation purposes, the number of individuals who use this road and have nothing to do with KGC being significant enough.
No dust deposition has been observed in plants growing just 1 meter off the road. Perhaps, this is due to considerable precipitation in this gorge as well as to speed limitation and road watering — steps taken by KGC for dust reduction purposes. Plants growing in the immediate vicinity to the road assume the bulk of the dust thus protecting the rest against it. Yet, even those plants that are nearest to the road do not appear to have been affected significantly by dust, according to observations.
In 2017, the Biology and Soil Institute under the Kyrgyz Republic Academy of Science carried out a research in the Barskaun Gorge. Its Report is available here.
KR NAC Report 2017


Our middle school core curriculum includes Language Arts, Mathematics, Religion, Science and Social Studies. Textbook-based lessons are augmented with multi-sensory and digital resources.
Grades 6-8 use the Prentice Hall literature series combined with Educator's Publishing's Wordly Wise 3000 to help increase vocabulary and improve spelling. Students also discuss and complete activities as they read novels together, to enhance comprehension. 6-8 grade students learn to construct cohesive, well organized, logical multi-paragraph essays with strong introductions and conclusions using the Step Up to Writing curriculum. The program also includes instruction on effective note-taking and creative story writing.
As part of our school-wide STEM focus, math instruction is based on Common Core Standards. All grades are taught from the Pearson Envision/Digits textbook series, ensuring continuity as learning progresses. Students in grades 5-8 are instructed in leveled groups, enabling more one-to-one teacher/pupil interaction. Gifted students may place into advanced math groups in grades 7 and 8. Graduates of these advanced groups usually qualify for 10th grade math upon entering high school.
Children of all faiths are welcome at Our Lady of Mount Carmel School. All students are expected to participate in religious studies, daily prayer experiences and monthly school liturgical celebrations, and students in grades 2-8 attend Mass weekly. Religion instruction includes social-emotional learning topics on respecting all living things, multi-sensory projects and group activities. All grades use RCL Benziger programs. In grades 5 and 6, developmentally appropriate content about puberty and human sexuality are covered in a respectful way designed to complement what parents are teaching their children at home.
All grades use TCI Science, a NGSS-aligned and lead students in the doing of science and engineering.
Social Studies instruction follows California and National Standards, exposing children to gradually more complex concepts about the world, it's people and institutions. Social Sciences include history, geography, civics, economics and culture. Grades 6-8 uses McDougal-Littell and Pearson publishers. Group activities, stories and research-based instruction help students discover the past.


Having a roof your head is a basic human need, but there are 1.2 billion people the world adequate housing. This may change thanks to a revolutionary, low-cost use 3D printers to construct houses. With 3D printing, materials are joined together or reinforced using a computer-controlled device to create a three-dimensional object. Two companies have joined forces to try and ease homelessness the world by building affordable homes using 3D printing. Tech company ICON has developed a method printing a one-floor, 60-square-meter house of cement a day for just $10,000. This is a fraction both the time and cost needed to build a similar construction using conventional methods.
ICON has teamed with the non-profit, international housing organization New Story. Together, they will start building homes developing countries. Their joint venture will see 100 new homes constructed El Salvador next year. New Story's co-founder Alexandria Lafci acknowledged that the 100 homes were just a drop the ocean. She said: "There are 100 million people living slum conditions, in what we call survival mode." She also saw possibilities for 3D-printed houses to become common richer countries in years to come. However, she said that the moment: "The tech is ready now to print very high-quality, safe homes the places we're building."


The governor smoothed the way for exactly the kinds of operations that sparked protests just a few months ago.
Late last year, plans for a gigantic new Tyson plant in Tonganoxie, Kansas, just outside Kansas City, leaked. The town revolted with huge protests out of concern for animal welfare, environmental safety, and lack of infrastructure to be able to handle the production of 1.2 million birds per week. This week, Governor Colyer signed a bill, now referred to (albeit not by its supporters) as the Tyson Bill, which will enable the worst nightmare of those against the legislation to come true.
The initial plan for the Tonganoxie plant, codenamed Project Sunset, included a start-to-finish, hatchery to slaughterhouse, processing plant for the nation’s largest poultry producer. Protestors organized quickly; demonstrations included thousands of people. Civil Eats documented the protests, which were initially successful, but only to a point. Tyson acknowledged that Tonganoxie was probably not the most welcoming place for the new plant, despite the estimated 1,600 jobs the plant would bring, and declared that it would explore other sites within the state.
On March 27th, however, Colyer signed into law a bill that will make it easier and less expensive for Tyson (and other poultry mega-producers) to do business in Kansas. Specifically, this bill makes it easier for CAFOs (Confined Animal Feeding Operations) to operate with fewer regulations.
For example: There are currently state laws about how many birds an operation can have before it’s subjected to extra regulations, like environmental studies. Plants above a certain number of birds also have to maintain a greater distance from neighbors. This bill greatly increases the threshold for those protections to kick in.
It’s unlikely that Tyson will attempt to build in Tonganoxie, but there are plenty of other towns to try. And now the light is green to do exactly what Tonganoxie feared.


The Foundation was established in June 1992 as a scientific and educational Holocaust study centre. It aims to preserve the memory of Holocaust victims, creating museums and documentary exhibitions and advocating the inclusion of the subject in the curricula of schools and institutions of higher education. Within the organisation professional scientists, journalists, public figures and teachers and students from different countries are brought together. Branches of the Foundation exist in St. Petersburg, Blagoveschensk, Birobidjan, Voronezh, Vladimir, Rostov, Smolensk, Taganrog and Brest. The Foundation is a member of the Association of Holocaust Organizations.
The Center has collected personal documents, such as 2,000 letters, diaries and photographs related to the Holocaust in the USSR, from citizens of Russia, the United States, Israel and Germany. The items are included in ten personal and seven documentary collections (including the History of Jews in Russia/the USSR, Jewish Participants in the Great Patriotic War, and the History of the Holocaust and Resistance).
Furthermore, former ghetto prisoners and their families have been asked to complete questionnaires and leave their personal documents as a contribution to the collection. The first exhibition of the Holocaust Museum was prepared on this basis and it opened in 1998. The Museum is currently digitising a database with more than 7,000 entries of the collected documents, which will be accessible on the homepage soon.
Dr. Ilya Altman
Scientific and Educational Centre "Holocaust"
52/45, ul. Sadovnicheskaya
Tel.: 007 095 951 6797
Fax: 007 095 951 5876
< http://www.holofond.ru/ >, accessed 16 March 2004.


Avoid Artificial Flavors?
I have read online about what artificial flavors are, but I would like to know if these chemicals are harmful in any way.
Andrew Weil, M.D. | August 5, 2005
Artificial flavors are typically not harmful. However, I’m not crazy about them, because they don’t usually reproduce the natural taste of foods and are often markers for low-quality foods. Whether natural or artificial, food flavors are made up of molecules that occur naturally and can be synthesized. In general, natural flavors are much more complex than artificial ones, which have far fewer component molecules.
Artificial flavors may be more stable than natural ones and certainly are less expensive, so manufacturers prefer them, and many consumers are satisfied with them. There is even a weak case to be made that artificial flavors are safer for consumption because they omit components of natural flavors that may be slightly toxic.
If a food product contains artificial flavors, you should check to make sure that it doesn’t also contain less desirable additives. Read labels carefully to check for high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) used to sweeten soft drinks and juices. HFCS contributes to obesity in many people.
Also, watch out for artificial colorings and dyes (look for the terms "artificial color added," "U.S. certified color added," "FD & C red no. 3" (or "green" or "blue" or "yellow" followed by any number), as well as artificial sweeteners and monosodium glutamate (MSG). I’m suspicious of chemicals used to dye foods. They are a group of highly reactive molecules that may interact with DNA and increase mutation or cell transformation. Read labels and avoid them.
Andrew Weil, M.D.


What a year!
One thing that has been remarkable about this time is the amount of open sharing that educators have done. From Bitmoji Classrooms to teaching templates, we have embraced the notion of “We are all in this together.”
In the coming weeks, many schools are returning to a full and in person model of learning. Many of us will be moving away from technology and students will be doing more pencil and paper tasks. In this post, I have curated templates to support literacy instruction. These templates are digital, and can be shared easily through Google Classroom. In addition, these can be modified for different grade levels and easily be printed and copied for students to write on, or be replicated on an anchor chart.
|Vocabulary Detective||Esther Park|
|Vocabulary Detective (2)||Unknown (Bitmoji Facebook Group)|
|Think, Pair, Synthesize Placemat||Esther Park|
|Story Elements||Esther Park|
|Plot Diagram (includes drag and drop)||Esther Park|
|Collaborative Plot Diagram||Esther Park|
|Main Ideas and Supporting Details||Esther Park|
Magazine or Book Cover Templates ~
There are so many ways to use these in your literacy instruction. Students can share elements of a fiction story or traits of the main character as well as share information learned after reading nonfiction
|News For Kids||Templates for Teachers|
|Schoolastic Newz||Templates for Teachers|
|Wanted Poster||Templates for Teachers|
|Who Would Win||Templates for Teachers|
Social Media templates are motivating to students in upper grades, and can be modified for many subjects. Ditch That Textbook has ready to use templates for creating :
Whether your students are returning in person or working remotely, these templates are sure to be a popular way to synthesize their learning.


We are used to the idea that kids need time to go from amateur to expert. We don’t expect them to roll over…then get up and run around the room. We even have a buzzy education word to describe helping kids move from stage to stage “scaffolding.” Just like in construction, we build a scaffold of skills and information so they can move from developmental step to another.
This concept is important in areas beyond the development of physical or mental skills. Kids also need to be able to build up the skills they need to handle different situations and expectations. If you are hoping to take your kids to a museum on a regular basis, you need to help build that foundation so they can become experts in what they are supposed to do.
It might start as simply as going for walks in the area near the museum. Especially if you have a class of kids you are bringing they need to get used to navigating as a group, what the walk is like (Traffic? Distractions? Busy sidewalks?). Getting out into the community and back with limited tears and tantrums is a perfect step one.
After that, you can move up to using outdoor areas around the museum. If the weather (and landscape) cooperates you can share a story, have a snack, do an activity near the museum. There may still be different rules and expectations, especially if there is outdoor art, but it will still be a familiar arena.
Once you all have a handle on that (and I do mean all, the adults have to be ready as well!) go ahead and venture inside. Maybe you start by just doing a little walk through and leaving again. You can move up to visiting a specific object, then sharing a story or doing an activity. The visits and walks can get longer until you find that you are all feeling like experts.
Don’t worry if you have to stay at a particular “step” for a long time….or if your particular group never gets all the way to the “top.” All that matters is the experience they are getting and the comfort they are building with new and different environments. There is no right or wrong, just the one that works for you.


For several years now, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), has become a very controversial diagnosis. Many parents have different views on how to approach treatment, or they have trouble accepting that their child may be struggling with some of the symptoms related to ADHD. It is not uncommon to dismiss early warning signs as just normal child development. However, as your child develops into their teenage years (13-18) it is important to know what ADHD symptom presentation might look like.
Some common symptoms of ADHD in teens include:
- Impulsivity and poor decision making
- Lack of focus and poor concentration
- Self-focused behavior
- Heightened emotionality and Rejection sensitive dysphoria
- Trouble finishing tasks and poor time management
- Low frustration tolerance
It is important to note that symptom presentation differs based on ADHD subtypes or comorbidity. Consulting with a trusted professional in order to have the appropriate testing done is key when considering next steps.
It is also crucial to establish a support system for both you and your child during this time. Our therapists at IFC can help you monitor symptoms and behaviors, develop goals and skills, connect you with other professionals, and be a general system of support for you and your child.


Plan your garden using a garden grid. Below is an example, where each box is 12” wide in the garden. Using a grid helps you plan for how much space your plants will need as they grow. Use graph or loose leaf paper to draw your garden grid each year. Next year you’ll want to “rotate” your plants around on the grid to prevent disease and pests, so save your map from year to year.
Seedlings are small and sometimes hard to tell apart from weeds. Use the guide to help identify your seedlings. When they get big enough, surround them with mulch to reduce the need for daily weeding.
Seedlings grow into big plants. You’ll need to thin them to the right spacing so they don’t crowd each other as they grow.
When you research information you must cite the reference. Citing for websites is different from citing from books, magazines and periodicals. The style of citing shown here is from the MLA Style Citations (Modern Language Association).
When citing a WEBSITE the general format is as follows.
Author Last Name, First Name(s). "Title: Subtitle of Part of Web Page, if appropriate." Title: Subtitle: Section of Page if appropriate. Sponsoring/Publishing Agency, If Given. Additional significant descriptive information. Date of Electronic Publication or other Date, such as Last Updated. Day Month Year of access < URL >.
Amsel, Sheri. "Garden Planning Grid and Seedling Identification and Thinning Guide" Exploring Nature Educational Resource ©2005-2023. June 5, 2023
< http://www.exploringnature.org/db/view/Garden-Planning-Grid-and-Seedling-Identification-and-Thinning-Guide >


When you can't hear what those around you are saying, you miss out not only on vital information but also on a whole world of social interactions. Those who don't suffer from hearing loss simply don’t understand everything you miss out on when you're hearing impaired. In fact, your friends and family members might not truly understand the frustration and emotional struggles that can accompany hearing loss.
Thankfully, being hard of hearing doesn't mean that you have to miss out on many of life's best moments. While a 100-percent effective cure for hearing loss still isn't available, many hearing-impaired individuals benefit from combating hearing loss by learning speech reading. Also known as lip reading, speech reading is a method you can learn to cope with auditory problems while remaining actively involved with their communities, families and friends.
Speech reading goes far beyond simply knowing what message someone is mouthing across a room. When mastered, speech reading is known as a third ear because it allows individuals to clearly understand what others are saying. If you have difficult hearing in rooms with background noise or often misunderstand what others are saying to you, studying reading lips can be a great way to take charge of your hearing impairment and regain the joy of communicating with others.
No matter how long you've dealt with hearing impairment, you've probably tried to rely on your third ear to decipher what those around you are saying. Unfortunately, lip reading isn't always as easy as it seems. That's why lip-reading training makes sense for many individuals who suffer from hearing impairment. In our training program, you'll learn how to:
By combining these skills, you'll have greater success at interpreting what others are saying in a wide variety of social settings.
If you're interested in learning more about speech reading, take some time to review our Beginner's Guide to Lip Reading.
Learning how to lip read isn't difficult. Our training courses are focused on breaking down the skills you need and teaching them to you in a practical, eyes-on fashion so that you can apply them to your life right away. If you're frustrated by missing out on conversations with those you care about, take the first steps in your speech reading journey with us today.


Failing to understand the ability to pull a sword from a stone as a valid claim on the throne of England, the Eleven Kings of the north rebel against King Arthur as soon as he receives the crown. Loving peace, Arthur wages total war:
The King of England had ordered that there were to be no ransoms in his sort of battle. His knights were to fight, not against gallowglasses, but against the knights of the Gaelic Confederation. Let the gallowglasses fight among themselves if they must—indeed, since there was a real aggression for them to settle, apart from the question of ransoms, let them fight to the best of their ability. But, as for his nobles, they were to attack the nobles of the rebels as if they were gallowglasses and nothing more. They were to accept no composition, observe no ballet-dancer’s rules. They were to press the war home to its real lords—until they themselves were ready to refrain from warfare, being confronted with its reality.
Afterwards, he knew for certain now, it was to be the destiny of his life to deal with every way of twisting decency by threats of Power.
So we may well believe that the King’s men were shriven on the night before they fought. Something of the young man’s vision had penetrated to his captains and his soldiers. Something of the new ideal of the Round Table which was to be born in pain, something about doing a hateful and dangerous action for the sake of decency—for they knew that the fight was to be fought in blood and death without reward. They would get nothing but the unmarketable conscience of having done what they ought to do in spite of fear—something which wicked people have often debased by calling it glory with too much sentiment, but which is glory all the same. This idea was in the hearts of the young men who knelt before the God-distributing bishops—knowing that the odds were three to one, and that their own warm bodies might be cold at sunset. (T.H. White, The Once and Future King)


Prevalence of food allergies in South Asia.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the published medical literature on the prevalence and types of food allergies in South Asia.
DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search was performed using the keywords India and food allergy, Asia and food allergy, and South Asia and food allergy for any period. Articles cited in selected studies were reviewed for their appropriateness of inclusion into this review.
STUDY SELECTIONS: Publications were included that were original research and fit the topic of food allergy and South Asia. South Asia is defined as region inclusive of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
RESULTS: A total of 169 articles were initially identified, and 47 were reviewed in detail for inclusion in this review. The primary focus was placed on 10 studies that consisted of case reports of newly reported or documented food allergy, survey studies that investigated food allergy prevalence in specific demographics, and prospective and cross-sectional studies with case controls, all of which investigated food allergy prevalence by allergy testing in a selected population.
CONCLUSION: The medical literature on the prevalence and types of food allergy in South Asia indicates that there is a variety of unusual and unique allergens and an overall low incidence of food allergy. There is also an association of increased food allergy prevalence in individuals who live in metropolitan regions or who migrate to communities that have adopted westernization.
Published In/Presented At
Arakali, S. R., Green, T. D., & Dinakar, C. (2017). Prevalence of food allergies in South Asia. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 118(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2016.09.441
Medicine and Health Sciences | Pediatrics
Department of Pediatrics


How healthy do you think your home is? It may not be as healthy as you think. Pollution can be two to five times more concentrated indoors than outside your home, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Indoor air contaminants floating through your home’s air may be a source of headaches and allergy flareups. And mold and mildew pose a potential health risk.
Though headaches and allergies can be the result of other things, they could be an indicator your home has indoor air quality (IAQ) problems. This is especially accurate if you feel better once you’re away from home.
- Dry eyes, nose, throat or skin
- Headaches and sinus issues
- Allergies or asthma issues that are more irritated than you usually experience
- Coughing and sneezing
- Faintness or feeling queasy
An outdated heating and cooling system might be a potential element in indoor air quality challenges, especially if it’s having difficulty to filter air, regulate humidity or keep temperatures consistent.
Here are further indications you may choose to evaluate your indoor air:
- Too much static or mold growth
- Disproportionate grime
- Musty smells


“How do you get rid of squash bugs?” Question from Judy of Louisville, Mississippi
Answer: Surely these are some of the most annoying and destructive of all summer vegetable garden pests. To manage squash bugs (Anasa tristis), you need to understand their life cycle.
Squash Bug Life Cycle
These true bugs attack squash and relatives, like cucumbers, pumpkins, and zucchini. They spend their winters sheltering under garden debris, leaves, rocks, and logs. Sometimes they even enter homes for refuge. When spring weather warms, they seek out squash plants, mate, and lay eggs on developing squash plants. The clusters of brownish-orange eggs hatch in just 5 to 10 days. Bug nymphs emerge and develop into adult squash bugs that suck the juices from squash stems, leaves, flowers and developing fruits. Badly infested plants will show signs of wilt and have poor fruit output and development.
Squash Bug Management
The first thing you can do to protect your garden is to remove all infested plant material from your beds in fall. Good garden sanitation will destroy winter cover for these bugs, which will decrease their populations during the cold season. In spring, keep a lookout for their eggs. If you see any on leaves or stems, scrape them off immediately and smash them. Once you begin to see adults, remove them by hand or spray them with an OMRI Listed insecticidal spray approved for organic gardening, like insecticidal soap, neem oil, or horticultural oil. [Click here to read more about using horticultural oils.]
It also pays to plant squash-bug-resistant varieties, which include most butternut varieties, ‘Early Summer Crookneck,’ ‘Improved Green Hubbard,’ ‘Royal Acorn‘, and ‘Zucchetta Tromboncino’.
I hope this helps! Happy gardening.
Black Gold Horticulturist


Construction emissions include raw material extraction, manufacturing, material transport, and onsite installation. While Construction is not a discrete category defined by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, at Stanford, we have opted to measure and address it as its own category of emissions.
View the Stanford Embodied Carbon Report
Construction emissions are best measured on a project by project basis by performing a whole building life cycle assessment (WBLCA) to quantify embodied carbon in the building. To that end, Stanford’s Department of Project Management now requires a WBLCA for all new construction and major renovation projects. As part of that process, project managers work with consultants to set an embodied carbon baseline for each new project that is based on the current industry average. Then, a target carbon metric is set for the building and assessed periodically throughout the design & construction process.
Stanford has set a goal to reduce embodied carbon by 20% from baseline for each major project based on a study of three recently constructed buildings conducted in 2022. The study revealed that building reuse (such as opting to retrofit an existing building instead of building a new one), design optimizations (such as constructing a wood-framed building instead of a steel-framed building), and material optimizations (such as procuring low emissions concrete, steel, and flooring materials) are all effective strategies to reduce embodied carbon in a new project.


Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use the sun’s energy to make sugar (glucose) for food. Plants absorb energy from sunlight, take in carbon dioxide from the air through their leaves, take up water through their roots, and produce glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis takes place on land and in shallow water where sunlight can reach seaweeds.
Chemosynthesis is the process by which food (glucose) is made by bacteria using chemicals as the energy source, rather than sunlight. Chemosynthesis occurs around hydrothermal vents and methane seeps in the deep sea where sunlight is absent. During chemosynthesis, bacteria living on the sea floor or within animals use energy stored in the chemical bonds of hydrogen sulfide and methane to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide (dissolved in sea water). Pure sulfur and sulfur compounds are produced as by-products.
In the diagram mussels and tubeworms are using the hydrogen sulfide released from a hydrothermal vent. The chemical equation given here for chemosynthesis is just one of a number of possibilities.
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This is an excellent graphic
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Definition of 'Electronic Commerce - ecommerce'
A type of business model, or segment of a larger business model, that enables a firm or individual to conduct business over an electronic network, typically the internet. Electronic commerce operates in all four of the major market segments: business to business, business to consumer, consumer to consumer and consumer to business. It can be thought of as a more advanced form of mail-order purchasing through a catalog. Almost any product or service can be offered via ecommerce, from books and music to financial services and plane tickets.
Also sometimes written as "e-commerce" or "eCommerce".
'Electronic Commerce - ecommerce'
When you purchase a good or service online, you are participating in ecommerce.
Some advantages of ecommerce for consumers are:
- Convenience. Ecommerce can take place 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Selection. Many stores offer a wider array of products online than they do in their brick-and-mortar counterparts. And stores that exist only online may offer consumers a selection of goods that they otherwise could not access.
But ecommerce also has its disadvantages for consumers:
- Limited customer service. If you want to buy a computer and you’re shopping online, there is no employee you can talk to about which computer would best meet your needs.
- No instant gratification. When you buy something online, you have to wait for it to be shipped to your home or office.
- No ability to touch and see a product. Online images don’t always tell the whole story about an item. Ecommerce transactions can be dissatisfying when the product the consumer receives is different than expected.


Last modified: 2021-04-24 by ivan sache
Keywords: hœrdt |
Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors
Flag of Hœrdt - Image by Olivier Touzeau, 11 October 2020
The municipality of Hœrdt (4,442 inhabitants in 2018; 1,656 ha) is located north of Strasbourg.
Hœrdt was mentioned for the first time in 1192 in official documents as an
imperial fief of the Landgrave of Lower Alsace, as Herde,
which means "dry and uncultivated soil". The village was then part of the Holy
Over the centuries, the village was successively the property of the bishopric of Strasbourg, and of several noble families including the Hanau-Lichtenberg (from 1570) and their heirs, the Hesse-Darmstadt (from 1736 to the French Revolution). Hœrdt was part of the Bailiwick of Brumath.
After having suffered the Thirty Years' War, which devastated the whole region, the population had to face, in the 17th century, two fires in 1669 and 1687, as well as wars led by Louis XIV.
Olivier Touzeau, 11 October 2020
The flag of Hœrdt (photo, 2012) is red with the municipal arms, "Or a bunch of asparagus argent in pale". Asparagus is the municipality's main crop. A former version of the arms had the asparagus represented vert.
Pascal Vagnat & Olivier Touzeau, 11 October 2020


Romanian is a Romance language spoken by about 24 million people in Romania, Moldova and Ukraine. Romanian retains a number of features of Latin, such as noun cases, which other Romance languages dispensed with a long time ago. Romanian contains many words taken from the surrounding Slavic languages, and also from French, Old Church Slavonic, German, Greek and Turkish.
Romanian first appeared in writing during the 16th century mainly in religious texts and other documents. The earliest known text in Romanian dates from 1521 and is a letter from Neacşu of Câmpulung to the mayor of Braşov. Neacşu wrote in a version of the old Cyrillic alphabet similar to the one for Old Church Slavonic, and which was used in Walachia and Moldova until 1859.
From the late 16th century a version of the Latin alphabet using Hungarian spelling conventions was used to write Romanian in Translyvania. Then in the late 18th century a spelling system based on Italian was adopted.
A version of the Cyrillic alphabet was used in the Soviet Republic of Moldova until 1989, when they switched to the Romanian version of the Latin alphabet.


Citation management tools (examples include Zotero, EndNote, and RefWorks, among others) help you organize and track sources you are using in your research so that you can easily cite them. They save you time in formatting footnotes, endnotes, bibliographies, etc. Which one you use is up to you! Check out this comparison guide.
Consult citation style guides (typically Chicago Manual of Style or MLA Handbook) and note the components below while you are collecting and managing your images—this will save time later when you cite your images. Citation style guides will detail specific formatting, but these are the major parts:
Keeping track of image citation information can be daunting as you acquire more and more images. Consider using an image management system such as Tropy to help keep them organized, and citation management systems to keep track of other sources.
Chicago Manual of Style
Researchers in arts fields often use the Chicago Manual of Style. The notes in this system are typically footnotes or endnotes that correspond to superscript numerals within a paper.
Resources for Chicago Manual of Style citations:
The Chicago Manual of Style Online
CiteSource Guide to the Chicago Manual of Style (Trinity University)
MLA: Modern Language Association Style
MLA Style consists of in-text parenthetical citations and a Works Cited or bibliography section at the end of the paper. Sources are cited in parentheses immediately following the sentence or idea cited within the paper. A Works Cited or bibliography should be at the end of the paper referencing each source used, following these parameters:
Resources for MLA citations:
MLA Handbook (eighth edition)
MLA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue Online Writing Lab)
You must give credit whenever you use:
Check out these sources to understand more about avoiding plagiarism:


Segue From Summer: Starting a Fall Garden
For most people, the urge to start a garden comes rolling in with the beautiful spring weather. Once the frost officially recedes, it's time to put your green thumb to work so that you can harvest by mid-summer.
While gardening may be a warm weather activity, don't forget fall! September and October can be a great time to grow a heartier grade of vegetable. Today we're going to talk about the basics of prepping your fall garden.
Segue From Summer
First things first; in order to plant a successful fall garden, you have to plan ahead. That means harvesting your summer crops at the appropriate time in order to clear the way for a late-summer planting.
Most people fail to consider how early they actually have to harvest their summer crops in order to enjoy a robust fall garden. In order to harvest in early September, you'd have to sow new seeds by the first week of July. If you want to extend your gardening even further into the fall, planting in August will yield a mid-October crop just before the frost sets in. The Farmer's Almanac is a useful tool for figuring out ideal planting times year round.
Figuring Out What to Plant
Here comes the exciting part: figuring out what to plant. Here is a list of common vegetables that grow well in early fall when the weather starts to turn colder. Those include:
- Brussels sprouts
- Green onions
Plants With Purpose, Year Round
Here at Green Goo, we love the outdoors. Our full line of lotions, soaps, and salves are all-natural, crafted from the best ingredients that nature has to offer. Our plants have purpose. That's why we'll take any opportunity to extend our time outdoors. Please visit Green Goo to learn more about our special line of all-natural products.


Collaborative Identification of Multilingual Learners for Special Education 5.09A, 5.09B Pioneer Elementary January 11 - 25, 2022 is a Course
Collaborative Identification of Multilingual Learners for Special Education 5.09A, 5.09B Pioneer Elementary January 11 - 25, 2022
Ended Jan 25, 2022
Full course description
- This course will prepare educators to collaborate to utilize the Colorado MTSS framework to identify and serve English learners who may require special education. Guidance, processes, and tools for separating language difference from a disability are provided and utilized in the context of case study students. Utilizing culturally responsive processes, procedures, and instruments to collaboratively identify and serve students is a central focus of the course.
- Lead Learner (Facilitator): Becky Corr
- Credit(s) and Type: 2 Hours Relicensure | English Language Development (ELD)
- Certified Staff
- Open to Substitute Teachers = Yes
- Open to Student Teachers = Yes
Date, Time & Location
- Date: January 11 - 25, 2022
- Time: 8:00 - 9:00AM
- Location: Pioneer Elementary Library
Here are the outcomes for the course:
- Participants will gain a deeper understanding of the collaborative process of identifying MLLs for SPED.
- Participants will gain a deeper understanding of language acquisition for MLLs.


Author: Imig, Scott, Sellars, Maura, Fischetti, John
Type of paper: Individual Paper
Background: At this moment, 70 million human beings have been forcibly displaced from their homes due to war and conflict. Of these individuals, 28 million are classified as refugees or asylum seekers. Many are children who have experienced unimaginable loss and trauma, find themselves living in new countries, with a new language, new cultures, radically different expectations, and new forms of schooling. Our work in this space challenges us to ‘reimagine [our] ways of thinking and working in uncertain times.’Significance/Aims: For school principals, there is often a lack of knowledge about meeting the needs of students and their families with refugee and asylum-seeking experiences. This presentation will share findings from a study of school leaders in five Western countries (Australia, New Zealand, England, United States and Northern Ireland) who have developed responsive school communities who are educating and supporting children and families who have been resettled. The aim of the research was to identify the challenges and opportunities these principals faced in creating welcoming schools.Design: Using a snowball sampling approach, 22 leaders participated in the study. Participants represented a range of primary and secondary schools, large and small enrolments, religious and government, and in both urban and rural settings. Engaging in a semi-structured interview protocol, these principals alerted us to the challenges and difficulties they had experienced in addition to detailing their contexts and sharing with us their successes, perspectives, strategies and approaches to inclusion.Findings from our research included: 1. The importance of reflection for school leaders who are supporting children and families who have suffered complex trauma; 2. The need for leaders to identify and confront racism in its many forms; 3. The development of purposeful efforts to understand cultural diversity and the unique lived-experiences of newly arrived students; 4. Understanding the emotional and cognitive impacts of trauma and loss; and, 5. The ways school leaders work within and around educational policies to transform their schools for the benefit of all students and their families. Implications: Our findings provide opportunities for school leaders to rethink their practices. The study also challenges school leadership programs to reassess their courses and learning objectives to embed the reality of serving refugee and asylum seeking students. Our findings also point to the need for additional research into the practices of school leaders and into the classroom practices of teachers who are working to support children and families with refugee experiences.


This lesson is based on Matthew 2:1-9 about the Wise men following the star to find baby King Jesus and Luke 2:8-20 about the Angels.
God used the star and he used angels to send messages to people in the Christmas story.
READ: Matthew 2:1-9 and Luke 2:8-20 (from a Childrens bible or normal bible)
DISCUSS: What were the messages that God was sending through these messengers? Why do you think God chose to use angels and the star? What do these signs teach us about God?
SING: Hark the Herald Angels Sing.
Star Art: (ages 3-7)
Draw dots and stars on paper with white crayon (you won’t see them at this point).
Then take the water colour and wash the page, the colour won’t stick over the crayon, leaving the effect of the night star.
Art: (ages 8-10)
- Laminating plastic
- Black permanent marker
Using the rough side of half an A3 laminating sheet draw a soft outline of an angel or a star in pencil (you can’t see it yet in this picture)
Colour areas in different marker and finish by outline with the black permanent marker.
When you hold it up, it should look like a stain glass window.
Please don’t forget to get children to put their names on their art and collect it for the Art Show!


The Communicative Approach, adapted from I Speak English 4th Edition by Ruth M. Colvin
The Communicative Approach is an effective and practical way to help adults learn or improve English. It focuses on real life communication and survival skills. It is learner centered and stresses the language needed by students. Four skills are taught in this approach – listening, speaking, reading and writing. The main goal of the communicative approach is communication: students will understand what they hear, speak so they can be understood, read with comprehension and express themselves on paper.
Language Learning – a few basics to get you thinking Adapted from Teaching Adults, an ESL Resource Book, New Readers Press
There are four basic language skills – listening, speaking, reading and writing. Each skill builds on the one before and they all support each other. Some implications to consider as you begin working with a learner.
- People learn language initially by listening, so give learners plenty of opportunities to listen to and understand spoken English.
- Set up activities where learners practice speaking things they have already heard and understood. Students often feel nervous speaking aloud. Repetition and speaking drills can help them feel more confident. Review is your friend and theirs.
- Introduce new words and sentences orally first, then have students learn to read and write them. Use pictures or actual items when possible to support comprehension.
- Use pictures, gestures, or act out new words or sentences to help students understand what they are hearing and saying. You can also use a bilingual dictionary or staff to help when needed.
- Keep the tutoring session fun and make sure learners know that it is okay to make mistakes!
- Remember: successful communication is the goal, not perfect communication.
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Among the notorious characters who contributed to the disorder in this section in the early, days, were Bill Marshall and Juan Verdugo. It is said that Bill Marshall was from Providence, Rhode Island, and that he came to this country in 1844, in a whale-ship, from which he deserted. He married a daughter of an Indian chieftain, and was instrumental in binding the tribes together for hostilities against the whites. The trial of these men took place by court-martial, at “Old town,” San Diego, in December 1851. They were convicted of inciting the Indians to an outbreak, to burning the town of Agua Caliente, and to destroying the rancho of Hon. J. J. Warner, and committing murders and outrages upon the whites. These men were executed at 2 o’clock p. m., December 11, 1851, on a scaffold erected near the Catholic burying-ground. Verdugo acknowledged his guilt, but Marshall protested his innocence.
In the latter part of December, 1851, Major Heintzleman ordered a ” council of war,” for the trial of Francisco Mocate, chief of the Ysidro; Luis, Alcalde of Caliente; Jacobo or Onisil, and Juan Bautista. The council, after a patient hearing, adjudged them guilty, and sentenced them to be shot on the morning of Christmas day, and the sentence was duly carried into effect.On January 11, 1852, was executed by sentence of military court-martial, Antonia Garra, an educated and talented Indian chieftain, convicted of theft and murder at the insurrection of Agua Caliente. These executions did much to reduce the lawlessness and disordered conditions proceeding from Indian depredations in San Bernardino County.
Source: An Illustrated History of Southern California: embracing the counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the peninsula of lower California.


Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. What is the name of the capital of the non-Slavic speaking nation bordered by Romania on the east and by Austria on the west?
2. Moldova is the second smallest of all of the former Soviet Republics.
What is its capital?
3. Skopje (called Skupi, by the Romans) is the capital of what former republic of Yugoslavia?
4. This Eastern European capital has a population of 1.2+ million. It includes 24 administrative and territorial districts and 34 mayor-led councils. The area has been populated since the 7th century BC. What is the city?
5. This city is noted for its architecture. Its castles include Vysehrad, Belvedere, and Troja. It is home to 1.2+ million. What city is it?
6. At the crossroads of Europe and Asia lies Armenia. What is the name of its capital?
7. What is the capital city that is home to the large international air-carrier, LOT?
8. This city is the capital of the nation which is at the heart of Europe where the Alps and the Mediterranean join the Pannonian plains and the limestone region known as the Karst. What is the city?
9. Name the capital of the nation where the official language has two distinct dialects, Gheg and Tosk.
10. Air Baltic is based in what Eastern European capital?
11. Bratislava is the capital of which country?
12. Timisoara, Iasi, Craiova and Cluj-Napoca are all major cities in this Eastern European nation. What is the capital and largest city in this nation?
13. Which capital does not belong out of the four choices below?
14. Which of these capitals is home to Alexander Nevski Cathedral?
15. What Eastern capital hosted the Winter Olympics during the 1980's?
Source: Author JamesLake
This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor minch
before going online.
Any errors found in FunTrivia content are routinely corrected through our feedback system.


Jesse Jackson is best known for the work he had achieved during the civil rights movement. His work during his time in high school and faced open racism that made his and other Black Americans lives difficult for no other reason other than blind hate. During the majority of his youth he led many marches and peaceful protests that earned him the favor of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. After the assassination of Dr. King, Jackson was seen as the successor of his movement.
Marie Stopes October 15, 1880 to October 2, 1958
Marie Stopes had been one of the leading activists of the women's rights movement in England, where she brought the topic of safe sex into the public forum. She studied paleobotany and was the youngest person to earn a doctorate from the University College of London, as well as the first female science academic at the University of Manchester. Despite her impressive academic achievements, she is best known for her activism that included the idea of family planning. A concept that was seen as harmful by the church. However, her work as an activist allowed for the development of safe sex with in England.
Carl Von Ossietzky October 3, 1889 to May 4, 1938
Carl Von Ossietzky was a journalist and pacifist from German, who earned the Nobel Peace Prize in 1935 for his criticism of the rearmament of the German military. He was in opposition of the Nazi regime from the start because he saw them leading his country into a state of war that would not be beneficial to anyone. He was so outspoken that after Adolf Hitler took power in 1933, he was arrested and sent to the concentration camp known as Esterwegen. At the camp he was so mistreated that it became a global concern. There he developed tuberculosis, which together with his mistreatment lead to his death. However, he is best known for being one of the few people to speak out against the Nazis during their rise to power.


It’s often said that restoring health is about achieving balance in a patient, however, the problem is that balance is a term which means many different things. In the west, balance means preventing any one quantity from dominating its opposite. This is because the western concept of opposites is exclusive and antagonistic (e.g. good versus evil, light versus dark). In contrast, the eastern view of opposites is inclusive and complementary. Opposites are essentially different sides of the same coin. (Exactly how this is the case, however, is almost always far from obvious). As a result, balance can only come about when both opposites occur at the same time, in equal measure (e.g. treble and bass, stillness and movement).
Accordingly, our concepts of opposite and balance heavily colour our approaches to becoming more healthy, or less ill. I’ve been told that stability and flexibility in a human body are opposite qualities which need to be balanced. Too stable and you can’t move, too flexible and you become unstable and prone to injury. Stability and flexibility are claimed to be antagonistic, so balance equates to a trade-off between the two as you can’t have both.
Certain schools of thought and movement see it differently. Connective tissue, especially fascia, can change shape whilst remaining passively engaged, allowing it to provide stability through a range of postures. Muscle cannot do this – it can provide stability only when it contracts, and flexibility only when it relaxes. Used this way, stability and flexibility can co-exist without getting in the way of each other, but only if fascia is fully engaged as a single continuous unit, and is also free to move. As a result, balance is achieved through restoring fascial movement and integration, and both stability and flexibility can be achieved at the same time.
Learning to manage the movement of fascia is hard work. Most people will have survived using variations on a muscle-clenching theme since they were toddlers, and so starting to be aware and progressing to managing the movement of fascia can be a fundamentally new experience. However, it is vital for your mechanical health, and is an important step for moving beyond mere physical survival and becoming fully alive in your body.


At a Glance
- The World Meteorological Organization has confirmed a new record-longest lightning bolt, which struck over Oklahoma in 2007.
- The lightning bolt measured 199.5 miles long as it streaked across the sky.
- The WMO also announced another record – a lightning bolt that lasted 7.74 seconds over southern France in 2012.
The World Meteorological Organization has named a new king of lightning bolts, nine years after it streaked across the sky over Oklahoma.
According to a new report published Tuesday in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the lightning bolt spanned 199.5 miles horizontally when it struck June 20, 2007. On Tuesday, the WMO officially recognized it as the longest single flash of lightning ever recorded.
From its border with Missouri to the western end of the panhandle, Oklahoma measures about 500 miles across, so this bolt stretched across a considerable portion of the state.
In the report, the WMO also said there is a new record for longest duration of a single lightning flash. On Aug. 30, 2012, a lightning bolt streaked across the sky above parts of southern France and lasted for an astounding 7.74 seconds. For comparison, the average lightning flash lasts about 0.2 seconds.
The news "reinforces critical safety information regarding lightning, specifically that lightning flashes can travel huge distances from their parent thunderstorms," Randall Cerveny, chief Rapporteur of Climate and Weather Extremes for the WMO, told USA Today.
The message comes in a year when 35 deaths have been blamed on lightning strikes, according to NOAA data. That's the highest death toll related to lightning strikes in any single year since 2007.


Nature improve human health and well-being in many ways. For examples, trees provide many benefits such as giving off oxygen, taking in carbon dioxide intercepting UV light, absorbing rainfall, and reducing air pollution. The quality of our environment, air, soil and water depends on the role trees play. If nature is destroyed, we too will be. That’s why should we take care of nature. This painting inspired from my dream to stay close to nature, paradise on earth. In this artwork, the proposed collaborative robot or Co-bot system records volumes of digital data about the position and force form the artists. It can learn skill of artist such as tapping method, blending method, stabbing method, scrubbing method, sliding brush stroke and line brush stroke. When re-played, the robot will generate a perfect art work of the original strokes. Our software can use to edit the movement of robot and to improve the robot performance. Moreover, these digital files can be sent through the internet and the other robot can use to replay. White, blue, green, brown, yellow, red and black are used to paint the artwork. The texture adds complexity to the painting. Several layers of paint are applied in this artwork. We use round brush size 8 mm. The sizes of canvas and frame is 18” x 24”.
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Soil and water contamination has become a major global concern as a result of industrialization and the use of natural resources. The utilization of microorganisms for heavy metal recovery from soil, sediments, and water has got a lot of interest in the recent period of environmental protection. The fundamental mechanism of microbial remediation for decontaminating the environment is metal biotransformation. Microbial remediation is a cutting-edge technology that uses metal immobilization to reclaim contaminated environments. Heavy metals would be less available to living systems if this strategy would be taken. Precipitation and transformation of microorganisms’ metabolic activities have been proven to be highly beneficial in this setting. Metal contamination can be reduced as a result of this method. The use of living creatures for pollution decontamination is a holistic approach that includes microbes, algae, fungi, and, higher plants in this process called bioremediation. Microorganisms have the ability to modify the metal oxidation state and they can also accumulate oxides of metals and zerovalent metals on or into their cells. Here, we have represented up-to-date information on several microbial mechanisms for removing metals from contaminated soils and water in this chapter. Metal oxidizing microorganisms and their use in remediation are emphasized for the same reason.
Elsevier, Wajid Umar, Muhammad Zia ur Rehman, Muhammad Umair, Muhammad Ashar Ayub, Asif Naeem, Muhammad Rizwan, Husnain Zia, Rama Rao Karri, Chapter 10 - Use of nanotechnology for wastewater treatment: potential applications, advantages, and limitations, Editor(s): Janardhan Reddy Koduru, Rama Rao Karri, Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Erick R. Bandala, In Micro and Nano Technologies, Sustainable Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation, Elsevier, 2022, Pages 223-272, ISBN 978012824547


NPR - DISSEMINATION WITH THE HELP OF TECHNOLOGY IN QUEBEC, CANADA
The Centre de référence en agriculture et agroalimentaire du Québec (CRAAQ) is a unique model of cooperation and knowledge dissemination for the agriculture and agri-food sector in Canada.
CRAAQ is a non-profit organization with a principal mandate to promote cooperation amongst its expert member and those of other agricultural and agri-food organizations in order to communicate knowledge, to create and to disseminate reference tools and carry out networking activities in the agriculture and agri-food sector.
Over the years, the CRAAQ has utilised technology to the benefit the Quebec’s agriculture and agrifood sector. This presentation will present five examples. The two major ones:
- Our web-based information database: Agri-Réseau (Agri network). Its mission is to disseminate cutting edge and up-to-date information for enterprises and professionals in agriculture and agri-food sector through specialised websites.
- Our collaboration platform: the Bureau virtuel agricole et agroalimentaire (we could translate Virtual office).
And two innovative ways to present content:
- For starting a business, Agro-Démarrage is a web-based tool that aggregates all the necessary information and available resources on the different steps in starting a business in agriculture.
- For Knowledge transfer and promotion of agroforestry initiatives, Réseau de sites de démonstration en agroforesterie project aims to support the transfer of knowledge and to encourage the adoption of agroforestry. The website emphasizes on the different agroforestry systems and takes the visitor through a virtual tour of various existing agroforestry initiatives in Quebec with an interactive map.
Finally, SAgE pesticides is an information tool on the risks to health and environment as well as the agricultural uses for a rational and safe pesticide management. More than just a usage database on pesticides, this tool presents their potential toxicity to human health of pesticides, their potential effects on non-target organisms and the environment, their mode of action, and their compatibility with integrated pest management (IPM) programs.
Organization(s): Centre de référence en agriculture et agroalimentaire du Québec (CRAAQ) (1)


Subject – Data Analysis & Business Intelligence
Q1. Please read the below paragraph and write your opinion with any examples. References must.
Descriptive statistics represents properties of data using statistical calculations. Measures of central tendency such as mean, mode and range and measures of dispersion such as variance, standard deviation and range are used commonly. An example of descriptive statistics is calculating the average marks for students in a class for a subject.
Inferential statistics uses data from samples to make inferences about a population. The data is used to make conclusions, generalizations and predictions. An example is making conclusions about the performance of students in an entire country based on a sample selected.
Quantitative data are expressed as numbers and represent values. Examples are average salary, average area and average price. Qualitative data are expressed as categories and represent categories. Examples are profession, locality and target customers (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013).
Discrete variables are countable while Continuous variables are not. An example of a discrete variable is money in an account. An example of a continuous variable is time (Stephanie, 2018).
Q2. Please read the below paragraph and write your opinion with any examples. References must.
As a business analyst, learning descriptive and inferential statistics will enhance my decisions making process, provide the strong mathematical evidences and calculative analysis. Also, it will allow better data analysis and bigger picture view along with the more accuracy.
Descriptive statistics refers to the numerical measures that describes the attributes of a data set like average, mean, mode and median. Other measurements are skewness and kurtosis. (Besselaar, 2003). Inferential statistics refers to the numbers obtained by complex mathematical calculations in order to analyze the trends among larger number of populations, making decisions and predictions. (Meletiou-mavrotheris, 2003).


School Health Advisory Council (SHAC)
What is a School Health Advisory Council (SHAC)?
The Texas Education Code (TEC), Chapter 28, Section (SEC) §28.004
requires every independent school district to have a School Health Advisory Council (SHAC). SHAC is a group of individuals representing segments of the community, appointed by the school district to serve at the district level, to provide advice to the district on coordinated school health programming and its impact on student health and learning.
SHAC members are appointed from various groups. The groups include:
District employed teachers District employed school administrators.
District Students District employed counselors
Health Care professionals Business Community
Law Enforcement Senior Citizens
Clergy Nonprofit Health Organization
Local domestic violence program Or a representative from another group not listed above
SHAC suggests policy recommendations to the school board on a wide variety of issues regarding student health in district curriculum. SHACs provide an efficient, effective structure for creating and implementing age-appropriate, sequential health education programs, and early intervention and prevention strategies that can easily be supported by local families and community stakeholders.
- Recommend the number of instructional hours to be provided:
- K-8th Health education
- Mental Health education (9-12)
- If the school district requires health education for high school graduation, health education, including physical health education (9-12)
- Recommend policies, procedures, strategies, and curriculum appropriate for specific grade levels
- to prevent physical health concerns (including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and Type 2 diabetes)
- Mental Health concerns
For more information regarding GISD SHAC, please contact the central office at 830-672-9551.


One of the insights I find so intriguing from ecological psychology as developed by James and Eleanor Gibson is the concept of exploring visual space. Animals (including we humans) aren’t simplistic sensory processing machines that are fixed to a point in space; instead, we are free to move around in order to see things from multiple perspectives.
Consider a simple object like the blue mug on my desk.
If you were limited to viewing this mug from only one particular angle, it’s possible that all you’d see is a blotch of blue. But because you can move around the mug or move the mug around, you can easily discover that the mug has a handle (an affordance for gripping it), that it’s hollow inside with a solid bottom (an affordance for filling it with liquid), etc.
An analogy I’d like to think about further is the exploration of social space, with its associated discovery of what I recently called social affordances (of course there are other kinds of space, such as natural space, intellectual space, and inner space). From birth we humans are continually engaged in social learning by pushing against constraints, accomodating ourselves to interpersonal realities, trying new behaviors, building new relationships, formulating new goals, and modifying our thoughts, priorities, actions, and reactions based on what we’ve learned (consider activities like “the terrible twos”, adolescent acting out, dating, travel, and early-career job hopping). And we do this in every domain of social life: family, friendships, school, work, community, etc. Indeed, I’m coming to see that a great deal of human existence consists in the exploration and navigation of social space.
What are the implications? They’re not fully clear to me because I’m no expert in the fields of sociology, anthropology, or social psychology. However, as with everything else, different people do a better or worse job at this task of living (consider those with “dark triad” personality traits who manipulate family members or co-workers) and experience plays a large role because it takes years to figure out how to navigate the social world (human psychology and relationships are complicated!).
One thought on “Exploring Social Space”


AILA Preschool Flash Cards - First Words
- Oversized 4.5" x 5.75" cards
- Vocabulary words and pictures
- Initial letters & letter sounds
- 85 two-sided premium flash cards
- Early vocabulary
- Short vowel sounds
- Skill-building activities on every card
Perfect for Little Ones
Extra Thick and Rounded
Keep little fingers safe as toddlers develop their fine motor skills – the foundation for writing, art, and self-care.
Oversized and Durable
Extra large, bright and colorful illustrations support visual literacy and cognitive growth, enabling toddlers to learn with confidence while boosting kindergarten readiness.
Each picture side features a vocabulary word and a beautiful illustration that represents everyday objects toddlers will recognize, promoting real-world connections and further discovery.
More Than Just Vocab
The back of each card offers a fun activity with questions and games to reinforce your toddler’s learning, letter fluency, word building, phonics, spelling, and much more.
Eighty-five (85) colorful and premium cards that build vocabulary by introducing names of animals, foods, household objects, maps, vehicles, musical instruments, counting, and feelings. An excellent resource for at-home and in-class learning.
Promote Early Literacy
Identifying words quickly is a fundamental part of learning to read fluently. With our First Words Flash Cards, toddlers will develop a love for reading and learning that lasts a lifetime.
Our flash cards introduce and reinforce vocabulary words in ways that toddlers will find fun and engaging. Each card makes learning accessible, helping toddlers boost their confidence and build a love for learning and participating.
Play Learning Games
By using flash cards to teach alphabet letters, we help toddlers create strong links between the name, sound, and picture of each letter. This visual, auditory, and sensory approach to teaching literacy activates memory and creates a lasting learning experience.


ART in pictures: HIV treatment explained (June 2017)
16 June 2017. Related: News.
NOTE: this links to the latest update (2021).
A new i-Base resource explaining HIV and ART.
- Read this guide online
- Download ART in pictures PDF (1.3 Mb)
- Order print copies (free in UK)
This 32-page publication explains HIV and treatment (ART) by using six simple pictures.
Each picture is first explained with a brief summary explaining the idea. It is then followed by a more detailed explanation.
The text is written using plain everyday language, even when explaining technical and medical terms. A glossary is also included.
Key chapters are:
- Your immune system when not on treatment (ART)
- The HIV lifecycle
- Natural history of HIV when not on ART
- HIV after starting ART
- Drug levels and adherence
- The viral reservoir
- The HIV cure puzzle
- Understanding test results
This is a book for anyone who is HIV positive and who wants to understand how HIV treatment works. It is also a training resource for advocates and health workers.
The resource was developed with HIV positive people including advocates at HIV i-Base, Positively UK and Project 100.
This resource has also been translated into Russian by ITPCru:
АРТ в картинках: Доступно о лечении ВИЧ – PDF (1.3 Mb)
First edition (June 2017): ISBN: 978-0-9553619-1-3.


Basic calculations, negative number calculations, fraction calculations, reciprocals, factorials, statistical calculations, complex number calculations.
A calculator is generally composed of arithmetic unit, controller, memory, keyboard, display, power supply, and some optional peripheral equipment and electronic accessories, which are composed of manual or mechanical equipment. The arithmetic unit and controller of the low-end calculator are realized by the digital logic circuit for simple serial operation, and the random access memory has only one or two units for accumulative storage. High-end calculators are implemented by microprocessors and read-only memory for various complex calculation programs, and there are more random storage units to store input programs and data. The keyboard is the input component of the calculator, which generally adopts contact or sensor type. To reduce the size of the calculator, one key often has multiple functions. The display is the output part of the calculator, such as a light-emitting diode display or a liquid crystal display. In addition to displaying calculation results, there are often overflow indications, error indications, etc. The power supply of the calculator adopts an AC converter or battery, and the battery can be recharged with an AC converter or a solar energy converter. In order to save power, calculators use large-scale integrated circuits (see complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuits) made with CMOS technology, and are equipped with automatic power-off circuits that do not operate regularly. The peripherals available for the calculator include micro printers, cassette tape drives, and magnetic card players.
From a certain perspective, “computer” in a broad sense includes “electronic calculator”. There are also integrated circuits in electronic calculators, but calculators have simple functions and cheaper prices, which are good for portability and good stability.


Braces.. the food magnet.
That pretty much sums up the article. Just kidding! Actually, its a little more complicated than that, but we will see to it that you grasp why the practice of regular brushing needs to be enforced, why cleaning is important with braces, and why not cleaning your teeth can hurt your cosmetics on the long run. Like any rough object, it catches stuff.
Because braces are rice grain sized, its very difficult to clean them. A brace is composed of brackets that are attached to the teeth (or glued on, if you will), and wires that connects these brackets in unison. When the bracket is attached to the tooth, the back of the bracket has these sharp objects called (hooks), and wings. It is probably what grazed your lips, or hurt your cheeks if you never had braces on before. Now when you think about that rice-grain sized object, think about how easy is it for food to get stuck to it.
The rough edges collect the food over time, and the food starts to build up over the bracket, and when it runs out of places to build up, it starts to collect at the tooth-bracket interface, and then when that is occupied, it then starts to collect over the tooth itself. Imagine the size of the object required to clean that very small, fraction of a millimeter gap between the tooth and the bracket. That “pocket”, where food collects.
Food over time on the tooth surface causes a myriad of problems. From tooth decay to staining and calculus. However, when food is combined with a trapping roughness on the tooth surface, it causes the appearance of what we call WSL – White Spot Lesion. That is, tooth decay, so bad, that it caused the tooth surface to turn white!
That causes the tooth to look bad after the braces are removed. So now you are left to contend with white spots that form circles on top of your teeth. And that is just the tip of the iceberg! In the next article, we shall take a look at what happens in the back, where these rings are fixed. If you like our content, consider subscribing to receive it as it is publishes!
One thought on “Why is it important to get your teeth cleaned with braces?”


The virus can be transmitted to a person only by a mosquito that was previously infected by an infected bird. The risk of individuals becoming infected is very low, and can be further reduced by following the guidelines below.
Infection Reduction Guidelines
Help reduce the number of mosquitoes by taking these simple steps to eliminate breeding sites for mosquitoes:
- Change water in flower vases, planters, and animal water bowls 2 or 3 times week.
- Get rid of all standing water in your yard. Check your yard 2 or 3
times per week, especially after rains, and remove water from cans,
bottles, buckets, old tires, or anything that will hold water. Even ¼
inch of water on top of a can lid can allow mosquitoes to breed.
- Keep grass and weeds cut short.
- Repair leaky faucets that can cause puddles, and make sure rain gutters are not clogged.
Avoid being bitten by mosquitoes by taking these precautions:
- Avoid being outdoors in the late afternoon and evening hours when mosquitoes are most active.
- Use insect repellants. Repellants containing D.E.E.T. are considered most effective. Always follow label instructions, especially when treating children.
- Wear lightweight clothing that covers arms and legs (long-sleeves and long pants).


CORAL REEFS MAPPED TO TACKLE CLIMATE CHANGE
BBC : 15 April 2022
Scientists have mapped coral reefs in the Caribbean to identify those most likely to survive climate change.
Corals with the highest potential to escape destruction from marine heat waves are predominantly located along the northern shoreline of Cuba.
And other promising sites are clustered around the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, eastern Jamaica, and the US state of Florida.
Coral reefs are wonders of the ocean.
Made up of hundreds of thousands of tiny creatures, they are one of the most threatened ecosystems on the planet.
According to a recent IPCC report (top-level UN reports written by scientists), at up to 1.5C of warming, only 10 to 30% of coral reefs are expected to survive. If warming is above that, survival prospects plummet drastically.
The research team compared different climate models and examined factors such as hurricane damage and heat stress. They used this to define a list of coral that are priorities for protection due to their better resilience to climate change.
Locating and managing the places that hold “greatest promise to sustain key species will be critical for helping these precious habitats persist as the planet continues to warm,” said lead researcher, Iliana Chollett.
The insights are already shaping reef conservation efforts “to deliver durable, climate-smart protection for those ecosystems most likely to survive this century,” added Ximena Escovar-Fadul, of global environmental non-profit, The Nature Conservancy.
But the scientists say their research – in line with other studies – shows coral reefs will not survive 2C of warming, meaning urgent greenhouse gas emission reductions are needed to save them for future generations.
The research is published in the journal, Global Change Biology.


Everyone has an interest in keeping employees safe when they’re not at work, and even helping them keep their families safe at home.
Employers need their people to be at work and being productive, and employees need to be at work earning a paycheck. If John has a broken leg, regardless of whether he broke it at work or at home, he isn’t going to be an effective carpenter and the framing still needs to get done. If Ron’s little girl is in the hospital for chemical burns, he either won’t be at work, or he’ll be very distracted while he is at work. Either way, Ron isn’t being productive. Worse, if he’s working but distracted, he could be putting others in danger.
We’ve compiled some resources that you can use to safely deal with chemical hazards that commonly exist in homes. The websites below have relatively easy-to-read solutions that cover everything from handling household asbestos and lead hazards to what to do with a burnt-out CFL bulb
- The Department of Community Development at Ohio State University prepared a fact sheet regarding hazardous chemicals in the home. You can access it here: http://ohioline.osu.edu/cd-fact/0103.html
- The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a document on general household hazardous waste. In it is information on how to dispose of hazardous waste (ie, paint and compact fluorescent light bulbs) and links to more information on specific hazards, such as: used oil, medical waste, antifreeze, batteries, etc. Here is the url: http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/materials/hhw.htm
- The EPA published information on how to handle asbestos hazards at home. Here is the url:http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/pubs/ashome.html
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention put together some helpful information about lead hazards at home. You can find their information at: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/tips.htm
- And here is some information on the CDC’s new Healthy Homes Initiative: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/healthyhomes.htm