Common core courses (18 EC)
The common core contains courses common to all EE/CE programs and contains two general engineering oriented courses being compulsory for all students. These courses are Profile Orientation and Academic skills and Systems Engineering; they run in respectively the first and second semester.
The common core further contains 7 fundamental courses introducing all students to the breadth of EE and CE. Of these 7 fundamentals, all students must select three courses.
Common core courses are fundamental and general in nature, and should be attractive to a relevant fraction of the students in multiple tracks. These courses are programmed in the first quarter of the academic year. Typically, they have three parts. These are (1) an introductory part that might be seen as a quick repeat of the expected prerequisite knowledge of incoming students (or as a quick introduction if some knowledge is still missing), (2) the main body, and (3) a part that makes a specific connection to the different tracks in the program. This last part may actually be track-specific.
The common core also contains the Master Kick-Off, this is an intensive multi-day event to introduce all new students to the program, to each other and several of the key persons of the program, as well as to initiate the student's knowledge about the logistics and organizational aspects of the program.
|CESE4010||Advanced computing systems||5 EC||details|
|EE4C01||Profile orientation and academic skills||3 EC||details|
|EE4C03||Statistical digital signal processing||5 EC||details|
|EE4C04||Control system design||5 EC||details|
|EE4C08||Measurement and instrumentation||5 EC||details|
|EE4C10||Analog Circuit Design Fundamentals||5 EC||details|
|EE4C11||Systems engineering||5 EC||details|
|EE4C12||Machine learning for Electrical Engineering||5 EC||details|
dr.ir. Andre Bossche
Electronic Instrumentation Group
Department of Microelectronics


PZI Teacher Archives
Caoshan's Dharma Body (BS52)
Caoshan asked Elder De, “’The true dharma-body of Buddha is like the empty sky. It manifests form in response to things, just like the moon on the water.’ How do you explain the principle of this response?”
De said, “It is like a donkey looking into a well.”
Caoshan said, “You put it in a nice way, but you were able to say only eighty percent.”
De said, “How about you, Master?”
Caoshan said, “It is like a well looking at a donkey.”
—Book of Serenity, Case 52
A Donkey Sees a Well, a Well Sees a Donkey
On thing you realize when you’ve been walking along for thirty lifetimes, is that the journey itself is home. There’s no flaw in what you’re doing. And in the journey you encounter peach blossoms, and you can feel that it changes you. There could be many forms of peach blossoms in your life.
Çaoshan’s Dharma Body
Sarah Bender Roshi reflects on a koan: Wisdom has no knowledge, but there is nothing it does not know. Therefore, purity pervades with abundance. This is a purity of inclusion and intimacy, not exclusion and definition. That’s abundance. You are this abundance. As written April 17 2020.


How Japanese Textiles Enable Global Fashions
With the backdrop of Japan’s traditional kimono culture, a rich textile industry developed around the country. What is behind the appeal of Japanese textiles, and where does that attraction come from? Highlighting Japan sat down with Nobuyuki Ota, the CEO of the Cool Japan Fund and an expert on fashions both domestic and overseas, having been the president of Issey Miyake and managing director at Tokyo-based department store Matsuya, to find out.
How are Japanese textiles viewed globally?
Japanese textiles are highly regarded in European and American high-end fashion business circles. Luxury fashion houses all use Japanese cloths, and they say they couldn’t make their pieces without them. Moreover, with regard to the high-function, quality synthetic fibers created using high technology, Japan’s expertise in this field is first-class globally, receiving exceptional critical acclaim.
At the core of this image of reputable, high-quality Japanese textiles is a unique culture of artisanship. Japan’s textile industry, craftspeople and engineers are custodians of a rich variety of cloths with roots in Japan’s distinctive climate, which is characterized by extremely hot, humid summers and winters that get relatively cold. To cope with these conditions and provide comfort, they created a diverse range of materials ranging from traditional textiles to synthetic fabrics, and continue to produce revolutionary technologies.
Read full story: www.gov-online.go.jp


Students have a lot going on with just mastering course content, but we may be unwittingly putting up additional barriers that make things even harder for them.
Universal design boosts inclusivity and smooths the way for student success by reducing barriers to access. Thinking about this beforehand, when designing a course, means making sure our documents, videos, and other resources follow certain standards so that anyone can access them without requesting help.
Common accessibility topics include:
- Giving all images alt-text that screen readers can read
- Captioning all videos and checking for their accuracy
- Using headers and sub headers in a logical manner
- Avoiding poor color contrast that may make documents hard to read
- And more (see below)
Even if we teach face-to-face, we still need to consider digital accessibility, for example color contrast in our presentations, or captioning videos we show in class.
In addition to being the law, it benefits all students to have clear, easy-to-use material online. In addition, accessible design prevents problems before they happen.
How to Ensure Accessibility
Read our Zoho Knowledge Base Guides
Use Built-in Accessibility Checkers
The same basic universal design principles apply to materials in various formats, and many programs have built-in accessibility checkers that will find errors and suggest fixes for you.
Check these Outside Resources


Ticks are beginning to reappear in British Columbia’s moose population due to the up-and-down weather we’ve seen this winter.
As a result, the BC Wildlife Health Program is conducting their third annual public survey to observe the amount of hair, weight, and blood loss.
“The ticks tend to have a chance for survival when we see those late winters, those warm falls, and with the snow melting away earlier and earlier, ticks have a better chance for survival,” says government wildlife contractor Dustin Walsh.
NEW: Input sought on moose winter tick survey, https://t.co/HjQsLijisq
— BC Government News (@BCGovNews) January 19, 2017
These tick infestations are said to have no health threats to humans, but for the almost 200,000 moose spread across the province, it can take a lot of them… literally and figuratively.
“The ticks can also lead to some serious energy expenditures for the moose at times when energy can be difficult to come by, and moose can lose up to about 40 litres of blood during the peak times in the winter.”
Walsh says there can be tens of thousands of ticks on one animal alone and the more they scratch, the more hair they’ll lose..
He adds in 2016, there were more than 120 people that signed up for the survey; if you wish to take part, you can click here.


In the Standard Model, the weak interaction is purely V-A in character. However in semileptonic reactions the strong force induces additional couplings. Radiative Muon Capture (RMC), μ-Z → ν(Z-1)γ, is a process which is particularly sensitive to the induced pseudoscalar coupling constant, gp, which is still very poorly determined experimentally. Due to the extremely small branching ratio (~6 × 10-8), the elementary reaction μ-p→ νnγ has never been measured. Effort to date has concentrated on nuclear RMC where the branching ratio is much larger, but the interpretation of these results is hindered by nuclear structure uncertainties. A measurement is being carried out at TRIUMF to determine the rate of RMC on hydrogen to a precision of 8% leading to a determination of gp with an error of 10%. The detection system is based on a large volume cylindrical drift chamber, in an axial magnetic field, acting as an e+e- pair spectrometer with a solid angle of ≃2π. At a magnetic field of 2.7 kG the acceptance for 70 MeV photons is about 0.8% for a 1.0 mm thick Pb photon converter. Montecarlo calculations indicate a photon energy resolution of ≃9% FWHM at 60 MeV and ≃13% at 129 MeV. A spectrometer resolution of 12% at 129 MeV has been measured to date. The design, construction and performance of the cylindrical drift chamber are discussed.
|Number of pages||4|
|Journal||IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science|
|State||Published - Jun 1990|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
- Nuclear Energy and Engineering
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering


A systematic study of the energy loss of a cavitation bubble in a close proximity of a glass surface is introduced for the first time in a low acoustic field (1.2-2.4 bar). Single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) is used as a tool to predict the temperature and pressure decrease of bubble (μm) versus surface distance. A glass as a model system is used to imitate the boundary conditions relevant for nano- or micromaterials. SBSL preequilibrated with 5% argon is perturbed by a glass rod with the tip (Z-perturbation) and with the long axis (X-perturbation) at a defined distance. From 2 mm to 500 μm argon-SBSL lines monotonically narrow and the effective emission temperature decreases from 9000 K to 6800 K comparable to multiple bubbles. The electron density decreases by two orders of magnitude in Z-perturbation and is by a factor of two higher in X-perturbation than the unperturbed cavitating bubble. The perturbed single bubble sonoluminescence pressure decreases from 2700 atm to 1200 atm at 2.4 bar. In water new non-SBSL SiO molecular emission lines are observed and OH emission disappears.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||8|
|Journal||Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|
|State||Published - Feb 28 2014|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry


How many actions can you come up with? Here’s a chance to stretch and practice creating new actions or tactics for your organization. It is about creativity. It can also be a chance to apply lessons taught in earlier activities.
How to Lead
“First, write down a brief description of the current situation for the group, such as key objectives and potential allies. Write enough detail so that the situation could be clear to someone who doesn’t know it. That’s because after that step, we’ll pass around the paper and each person will write down an action they might do.”
That should be written up at the top, with space at the bottom of the paper. Have them write one action they are thinking about, as a start.
Then, have them pass their paper to the left. That person reads the description and writes another action. Continue until either people’s come back to them (in small groups) or after six or seven iterations, so each paper is filled with several actions.
It’s a little like a childhood game where people would collectively write a story together, but this time it’s the story of potential actions!
Afterwards, debrief with how that was for people. Anything catch you? Surprise you?
Debrief with any review of strategy elements being stressed in the workshop (for example, using action logic or tactic typology).
Daniel Hunter, Training for Change and Jethro Heiko, Action Mill


Another Box Trap
Categories: MISCELLANEOUS TRAPS.
This works after the manner of the ordinary wire rat-trap; our
illustration explains itself.
The box should be of the shape there shown, with one of its end
pieces arranged on hinges so as to fall freely. An elastic should
be fastened from the inside of this end to the inner surface of
the top of the box, to insure its closing. If desired an elastic
may be adjusted at the side as show
in the cut and a catch piece
of stout tin should be attached to the bottom of the trap to secure
the lid when it falls. A small hole should then be bored in the
top, near the further end of the trap, and
the spindle, having a notch on its upper end, passed through the
hole thus made. The top of the spindle is shown at (a). It should
be held in its place by a small plug or pin through it, below the
surface of the box. A slender stick, long enough to reach and catch
beneath the notch in the spindle should now be fastened to the lid
and the trap is complete. It may be baited with cheese, bread,
and the like, and if set for squirrels, an apple answers every
When constructed on a larger and heavier scale it may be used for
the capture of rabbits and animals of a similar size, but for this
purpose the previous variety is preferable.


نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
عنوان مقاله [English]
One of the main concerns of today's world is the reduction of non-renewable energies and environmental pollution caused by them in buildings, which can be controlled by saving and optimizing energy consumption. On the other hand, global climate change and its local and regional effects are important in buildings energy management policies. To this end, identifying and exploiting passive systems and climate-friendly design strategies are one of the cheap and sustainable solutions in this regard. The present study examined the use of soil thermal potentials and earth-sheltered design as one of the practical solutions for providing thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption in hot and dry climates and case studied “Shahdad Desert”. Various active and passive techniques are currently used throughout the world to reduce energy consumption, some of which has been common from the past to the present such as the construction of buildings in the shelter of earth, like the Iranian native architecture. This study empirically and practically investigated the effect of the depth of a building in the soil on the rate of cooling and heating energy consumption. The information required for the construction site of earth-sheltered building was obtained by conducting a field survey in Shahdad Desert. It was further suggested to build a tourist residence by taking refuge in the heart of the Kaluts in hot and dry climates of Shahdad. By moving the designed building inside Kalut, the rate of cooling and heating energy consumption of the building during the year was calculated and the results showed that changing the depth of the earth-sheltered building did not have much effect on heating energy, but as it approached the earth edges, its cooling energy increased. As the building left the earth, the total cooling and heating energy consumption increased dramatically.


Is Oil Pulling a Safe Practice?
Posted on July 22, 2014 in General oral health
Oil pulling has been in the news and all over social media as of late. Oil pulling is the practicing of swishing oil in your mouth, which supposedly cleans your teeth and gums. But does it work?
Well, there is a lack of evidence to support that oil pulling has any oral health benefits. Luckily, there are time-tested behaviors that we know work to help improve oral health:
• Brush your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
• Floss between teeth once a day
Though oil pulling only recently became popular in America, it is an ancient folk remedy from India and southern Asian cultures.
To clean the mouth, you're supposed to hold a vegetable-based oil (like olive or sesame) in your mouth anywhere from 1 to 20 minutes. But, as is true with many folk remedies, oil pulling just doesn’t have scientific or peer-reviewed literature to back up its claims. Many of the studies that do exist on oil pulling have clear problems, such as a small sample size. We do know, however, that there are potential adverse effects of this practice, including upset stomach, diarrhea, aspiration of the oil and even some cases of lipoid pneumonia.
So, while this practice might seem like an interesting remedy to try, we recommend sticking to the things that are proven to work– brushing with fluoride toothpaste, flossing and visiting your dentist.
 Kim JY, Jung JW, Choi JC, et al. Recurrent lipoid pneumonia associated with oil pulling. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2014 Feb;18(2):251-2


According to searchforpublicschools.com, Caldwell County was established in 1809, and is located in the Pennyroyal region of Kentucky. The county was named for Col. John Caldwell, a Revolutionary War Veteran from Virginia who fought at the Battle of Kings Mountain. The county seat is Princeton, which was founded in 1819 and named for General Hugh Mercer. The county has a rich history of agriculture and was an important stop on the stagecoach route between Nashville and Louisville. It is also home to many historic sites including the Caldwell County Courthouse and the Caldwell County Museum. The museum contains artifacts from the area’s Native American history as well as early settlers, including many items related to early farming and industry. Additionally, there are several churches throughout the county that date back to before the Civil War and are still active today. In more recent years, Caldwell County has become known for its outdoor recreation opportunities including hiking trails, fishing spots, camping areas, historical sites and wildlife management areas. Many of these spots are popular among locals and visitors alike who come to enjoy all that this rural region has to offer. Caldwell County is home to two school districts, the Caldwell County School District and the Princeton Independent School District. The Caldwell County School District serves the entire county and consists of 8 elementary schools, 2 middle schools, and 1 high school. The district strives to provide a safe learning environment for all students while providing a quality education. The curriculum includes core subjects such as English, Math, Science and Social Studies as well as art and music classes. Additionally, the district offers Advanced Placement courses in several subjects to help students prepare for college. The Princeton Independent School District serves the city of Princeton and consists of 2 elementary schools, 1 middle school, and 1 high school. This district has one of the highest graduation rates in Kentucky with a focus on promoting academic excellence while preparing students for college or career readiness. Additionally, this district offers a variety of extracurricular activities including sports teams, music programs, theater arts classes and student clubs that allow students to explore their interests outside of academics. Both districts strive to provide quality education for all Caldwell County students with an emphasis on preparing them for success in college or careers after graduation. Check thembaprograms.com to learn more about Kentucky geography.


A Critical Guide to the PDB
Author(s): Teresa Attwood1, GOBLET Foundation
The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
727 total view(s), 196 download(s)
This Critical Guide in the Introduction to Bioinformatics series provides a brief outline of the Protein Data Bank – the PDB – the world’s primary repository of biological macromolecular structures. The rationale for creating the resource and the kinds of information it provides are discussed, and issues relating to its evolution and growth are explored.
Specifically, this Guide introduces the principal features of the PDB, the nature (and quality) of its contents and how these may be interrogated. On reading this Guide, users will be able to:
- explain some of the ways in which knowledge of protein structures is useful;
- identify the constituent databases of the wwPDB;
- explain key features of the RCSB PDB in terms of its data distribution, growth and redundancy statistics;
- search the PDB using simple and advanced keywords and full sequences, and analyse differences between them; and
- explain various structural quality criteria, and infer the quality of individual PDB entries.
Cite this work
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
- Attwood, T., GOBLET Foundation (2020). A Critical Guide to the PDB. Network for Integrating Bioinformatics into Life Sciences Education, QUBES Educational Resources. doi:10.25334/EKRH-2C94
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The dimples of Venus (also known as back dimples, butt dimples or Venusian dimples) are sagittally symmetrical indentations sometimes visible on the
The dimples of Venus (also known as back dimples, butt dimples or Venusian dimples) are sagittally symmetrical indentations sometimes visible on the human lower back, just superior to the gluteal cleft.
They are directly superficial to the two sacroiliac joints, the sites where the sacrum attaches to the ilium of the pelvis. An imaginary line joining both dimples of Venus passes over the spinous process of the second sacral vertebra.
The term “dimples of Venus”, while informal, is a historically accepted name within the medical profession for the superficial topography of the sacroiliac joints. The Latin name is fossae lumbales laterales (“lateral lumbar indentations”). These indentations are created by a short ligament stretching between the posterior superior iliac spine and the skin.
Named after Venus, the Roman goddess of beauty, they are sometimes believed to be a mark of beauty. The features may be seen on both female and male backs, but seem to be more common and more prominent in women.
Another use of the term “dimples of Venus” in surgical anatomy refers to two symmetrical indentations on the posterior aspect of the sacrum, which also contain a venous channel. They are used as a landmark for finding the superior articular facets of the sacrum as a guide to place sacral pedicle screws in spine surgery.
In the 2010’s, back dimples became a popular location for women to get transdermal body piercings.


Cleveland Fed researcher finds little evidence that affirmative action bans result in migration across state lines to attend college
In this Economic Commentary, Cleveland Fed researcher Peter Hinrichs studies whether or not students move across state lines to attend college in response to an affirmative action ban.
The results provide little evidence that affirmative action bans lead to migration to attend college across state lines, and thus do not support the view that interstate migration for college is a cause for concern when assessing the merits of affirmative action policies. The results also bear on forthcoming research from Hinrichs which finds that affirmative actions has had mixed effects on segregation.
Read more: Do Affirmative Action Bans Cause Students to Move Across State Lines to Attend College?
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
The Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland is one of 12 regional Reserve Banks that along with the Board of Governors in Washington DC comprise the Federal Reserve System. Part of the US central bank, the Cleveland Fed participates in the formulation of our nation’s monetary policy, supervises banking organizations, provides payment and other services to financial institutions and to the US Treasury, and performs many activities that support Federal Reserve operations System-wide. In addition, the Bank supports the well-being of communities across the Fourth Federal Reserve District through a wide array of research, outreach, and educational activities.
The Cleveland Fed, with branches in Cincinnati and Pittsburgh, serves an area that comprises Ohio, western Pennsylvania, eastern Kentucky, and the northern panhandle of West Virginia.
Doug Campbell, email@example.com, 513.455.4479


However, owning a hybrid vehicle also brings with it the need for hybrid car charging stations. So, what is a hybrid car charging station? Why does it matter?
A hybrid car charging station is a device that supplies electric energy to recharge plug-in vehicles such as hybrid and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). It is a crucial component for most EVs as it provides the required charging current and voltage to the car’s battery when it’s running low. Charging stations typically range from simple devices that plug into standard outlets to complex devices that require sophisticated software.
The growth of hybrid vehicles has been steadily on the rise globally, with over 5.8 million electric vehicles sold in 2019. In the US, there were approximately 1.4 million hybrid vehicles sold in 2020, marking a 10% increase compared to 2019. This increase in hybrid car sales has led to an increase in the demand for hybrid car charging stations.
Aside from the fact that owning a hybrid vehicle helps to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, having a hybrid car charging station has numerous advantages that are worth highlighting:
The increased popularity of hybrid car charging stations can be attributed to the rising demand for hybrid vehicles globally. A hybrid car charging station is a crucial component for most EVs as it provides the required charging current and voltage to the car’s battery when it’s running low. Having a hybrid car charging station is not only eco-friendly, but it also saves money on gas, provides convenience, is easy to install, and can boost your property value.
If you’re a proud owner of a hybrid vehicle, investing in a hybrid car charging station is a smart move. With so many models on the market, it’s easy to find one that suits your needs and budget, giving you the peace of mind that you’re helping to reduce harmful emissions and saving money in the long run.
CategoriesFederal & State Policy EV Technology & InnovationsBusiness ManagementHome EV ChargingTesla DriversElectric Car IncentivesEnergy5 UpdatesEnergy GenericElectricity RatesNon-Tesla DriversElectric Vehicle ChargersFast ChargingEV ChargerCharging StationElectric Vehicle Charging
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by Rose Y. Colon-Singh |
Scientists at the University of California Irvine have developed a revolutionary technique to un-boil eggs and return them to their original liquid state.
Eggs can’t be un-boiled, can they? Believe it or not, scientists at the University of California Irvine and Australian chemists have discovered a way to un-boil eggs and turn the solid whites into their previously liquid state.
“Yes, we have invented a way to unboil a hen egg,” Gregory Weiss, UCI professor of chemistry and molecular biology & biochemistry, said in a statement. “In our paper, we describe a device for pulling apart tangled proteins and allowing them to refold. We start with egg whites boiled for 20 minutes at 90 degrees Celsius and return a key protein in the egg to working order.” Their findings were published in the journal ChemBioChem.
Although this mind-blowing technique could revolutionize the food industry, it was developed to reduce the costs of cancer treatments. So how it is done? Here’s an excerpt from a UCI press release:
“To re-create a clear protein known as lysozyme once an egg has been boiled, he and his colleagues add a urea substance that chews away at the whites, liquefying the solid material. That’s half the process; at the molecular level, protein bits are still balled up into unusable masses. The scientists then employ a vortex fluid device, a high-powered machine designed by professor Colin Raston’s laboratory at South Australia’s Flinders University. Shear stress within thin, microfluidic films is applied to those tiny pieces, forcing them back into untangled, proper form.”
No doubt the Grant Achatzs of the world are already scheming how to use a similar technique to unboil eggs in their restaurant kitchens…
Via UCI | FineDiningLovers


Users of the tracks in the Gateway Island bushlands may have noticed areas of heavily slashed or sprayed grass in past weeks.
This has been in preparation for mass plantings of native grasses, which began today.
To outcompete weeds, swathes along the track have been sprayed or slashed, and covered with special matting. Native species like Poa, Kangaroo (Themeda), Wallaby (Danthonia) and Weeping (Microleana) grasses have been planted in premade slots in the matting.
The aim of these plantings is to improve the amenity of the park and showcase native grasses, which have their own delicate beauty at different stages of their annual cycle.
In addition, these grasses grow less vigorously than the weedy grasses that have taken over much of the bushland in this area. Grasses like Phalaris, which was originally introduced from Europe as pasture for sheep and cattle, form a vigorous monoculture once grazing stops. This is evident in many areas of Wodonga that used to be farmland.
Aside from forming rambling impenetrable thickets unsuited to pedestrian areas, they do not support native wildlife and dry off early in summer, creating high fire risk. In order to mitigate the fire risk, these grasses require constant slashing in spring and summer.
Contrast this with native grasses, which are more sparse, clumping by nature and grow with bare spaces between plants. The native grasses on Gateway Island will only need one mow during the growing season and will remain green in summer, substantially reducing fire risk. They will also be providing habitat for native wildlife.
Planting continues on the Gateway Island sites, with our aim this year to double the area planted to date.


Traffic management is a calculated risk assessment of the incoming hazards on the roads and their aligning locations. Aggregated studies help operators and specialists research on how to predict the traffic inflow. With knowing the tendency of road journeys by cars, the entire road network can be covered to put out preventive measures against accidents. This analysis helps to cover every part of the road network and put up actual safety and maintenance technology.
Historical Traffic Data
Congestion hotspots can be identified by studying the road maps when the travel times are at peak vs when the traffic flows freely. These help to compare the hotspots with the bottlenecks and formulate policies to reduce on-road delays. The delays at intersections can also be reduced where the efficiency of the signals can be increased. Applications of highly effective traffic circulation can reduce congestion even during peak traffic hours.
Public Transportation Management
Road network is just an aspect of the entire traffic management. The network widens up if you are to consider public transport and the commuters in the list. This section of commutation demands a comfortable journey with the flow of transport being smooth, efficient, and frequent. Studying congestions will help the traffic operators to reroute busways and make travel time shorter. This will completely be backed by traffic data.
The road infrastructure must continually be modified and updated to optimise the road capacities to cater to logistical transports. When the traffic has reached its optimality and the road capacity cannot be increased, investments are made keeping in mind the decision of traffic control specialists. Those decisions support the expansion of roads which highlights the travel time to lessen with controlling speeds in traffic. Travel flows will also depict the traffic reroutes and congestion calculation will be conducted likewise.
Traffic Data Gathering
Loop detectors and cameras on road are a part of a traffic control team’s surveillance responsibilities. Any high volume of traffic data to emergency monitoring, all are captured through their backend storage system. Traditional detection systems combined with monitoring and controlling abilities help the specialists to take rapid decisions in cases of safety emergencies.
Capital Traffic Management Solutions maintain a well-knit network on road with help of radio and roadside message signs to guide the drivers despite the voluminous traffic. With the traffic operators having direct access to real-time traffic knowledge, they can channelize the drivers any intimation about road emergencies quite rapidly.


The Rockwell hardness testing technique calculates the hardness of a metal by measuring the depth an indenter travels into a metal, after a known load is applied.
Rockwell hardness is a common hardness measurement technique whereby the hardness of a metal is calculated by measuring the depth an indenter travels into the metal after a known load has been applied. There are several Rockwell hardness scales which utilize different indenters and loads, and we are equipped to measure samples using the Rockwell B and Rockwell C scales.
Rockwell B measures softer metals such as brasses.
Rockwell C is used for harder metals such as steels.
When conducting Rockwell Hardness tests most metals are tested several times, and the average hardness value as well as the standard deviation are reported.
Hardness can vary across a sample, especially samples which have different thermal profiles such as welds, or samples which have experienced surface hardening treatments.
In metallic materials, the yield strength can often be approximated from a hardness measurement.
For Rockwell C Hardness testing, SGS PSI conforms to ASTM E18.
Samples usually have to be flat, with a thickness of at least 10 times the depth of penetration by the indenter. If samples are not flat, they can be prepared by SGS PSI using standard metallographic techniques.
Contact an expert to discuss your Rockwell Hardness testing needs and associated sample considerations.
We’ve tested automotive parts, heavy machinery tooling, and even bullets with Rockwell Hardness Testing.


The Korean Women's Movement and the State Bargaining for Change
This book asks what strategies women’s movements can employ to induce law and policy changes at the national level that will assist women’s equality without sacrificing their feminist energy, movement cohesiveness and core feminist commitments. The book takes up this question in order to emphasize the need not only to recognize the accomplishments of women’s movements through political participation, but also to analyze the process through which feminist organizations interact with formal politics. It examines the institutionalization of the Korean women’s movement under the progressive presidencies of Kim Dae Jung (1998-2002) and Roh Moo Hyun (2003-2007), focusing on three major pieces of legislation concerning women’s rights that were enacted during this time, and looks at the process of gender politics and the strategic bargains that needed to be made between the women’s movement and other political forces in order to advance their agenda. It questions whether the institutionalization of the women’s movement inevitably results in demobilization and deradicalization, and goes on to examine the relationship between the women’s movement and the government over the two most women-friendly administrations in South Korean history, a period marked by flourishing civil society activism and participatory democracy.
1. Introduction: Gender and the State 2. The Women’s Movement and Gender Policy: Dynamics of Resistance, Tension, and Negotiation 3. The Anti-Sexual Traffic Act (2004): Feminist Discourse and the Movement to Abolish Prostitution 4. The Personal is Political: The Abolition of the Family-Head System (2005) 5. From Feminist Politics to Family Politics: The Healthy Family Law and Childcare Policy (2004-2007) 6. Conclusion: The Korean Women’s Movement at the Crossroads


Wikipedia of Allosaurus
Allosaurus is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur that lived in 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period. The name of “Allosaurus” means “different lizard” in Ancient Greek. Earliest discovered Fossils of Allosaurus was found in 19 century. Therefore Allosaurus is one of the first well-known dinosaur. Allosaurus was typical large theropod, having a massive skull on a short neck, a long tail and reduced forelimbs. It is about 9-12 meters (31-39ft) in length. As a large predator, Allosaurus was at the top of the food chain, preying on contemporaneous large herbivorous dinosaurs.
Parameter of Animatronic Allosaurus statue
|Skin Color||Light Brown|
Image of Animatronic Allosaurus Statue
Allosaurus in pop culture
Allosaurus appeared in documentary Walking With Dinosaurs, Jurassic World 2 and other movies. And the first time it appeared in popular culture is in the novel of Arthur Conan Doyle (writer of Sherlock Holmes)—“The lost world”.
Application of Animatronic Allosaurus
Animatronic Allosaurus we made is a robotic replica of Allosaurus model. All of them strictly rebuild from scientific discovery of Allosaurus fossils. Therefore our animatronic Allosaurus is popular by audiences of dinosaur park, museum, theme exhibition, etc.
Another animatronic dinosaur for sale?
Yes. We have made hundred species of animatronic dinosaurs, such as Animatronic T-rex, Animatronic Spinosaurus, Animatronic Velociraptor, Animatronic Triceratops, Animatronic Ankylosaurus, Animatronic Brachiosaurus…


Originally shared by Science on Google+
I See the World with Science! Image Competition
Cute Llama…or is an Alpaca? What’s the difference again? And those mountains are they fold or block mountains? Does erosion play a large factor? And so much green, how do plants hold on to enough water in such steep slopes, and why are they different shades of green anyways?
Welcome to round 3 of #iseetheworldwithscience !
Round 2 was a photo of the PANSTARRS coment and was won by Oliver Binetti who pointed out the difference in colour ranges our eyes and photo film can absorb compared to digital photos. (https://plus.google.com/b/105917944266111687812/105917944266111687812/posts/DtVpRHinGFb)
How much more can we see in this picture with your knowledge of science?
If you see something, add a one sentence description in the comments. It should be short, clear and very sciency.
The more creative, surprising or unexpected the better. But it needs to be something based on actual science.
The winner will be mostly determined by the +1’s on your description by others. The winning description will be added to the image and posted separately on our page. You have 48 hours to submit a description or to vote.
Leave a comment


Note: Historically the name of the fort has had at least five different spellings
After the Battle of Moira, the next major record of life in the Moira area comes from the late 16th and early 17th Century. Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone, was engaged in a campaign against the English in Ireland known as the Nine Years War.
O’Neill had a Fort at Inisloughlin, just off the Hillsborough Road. It was also close to a ford on the Lagan at what we now call Spencer’s Bridge. The Fort was 40 yards (more than 36 metres) square with corner bastions.
The above image comes from QUB Geophysical report read here
A large reward was offered for O’Neill’s capture, dead or alive. Eventually Sir Arthur Chichester and his English soldiers surrounded and captured Inisloughlin Fort in August 1602.
This weakened O’Neill’s power and robbed him of vast treasures he had hidden in the Fort. Soon he fled from Ireland in what was known as the Flight of the Earls. Lisburn and the territory around here, including the captured Fort, were given to Sir Fulke Conway.
Capt. Henry Spencer was Governor of the Fort in 1623. Spencer’s Bridge close to the Fort was possibly built by him or named after him. The fort was levelled in 1803 but one small part still survived in 1837. (The Castles of Ireland Compiled by Lee Johnson and Lewis Topographical Dictionary, 1837)
Archaeologists are still trying to unearth the exact location of the Fort of Inisloughlin.


Last Updated on June 19, 2019, by eNotes Editorial. Word Count: 356
Moses and Monotheism (German: Der Mann Moses und die monotheistische Religion) is a 1939 theoretical and philosophical book written by famed Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. As the title suggests, the book presents Freud’s contentious hypothesis on Monotheism, and establishes a contemplative theory about Moses’s identity. Because it discusses the meaning and origin of religion as well, Moses and Monotheism is also classified as a social psychology book, and even a comparative religious treatise.
Many readers and analysts, especially Freud’s contemporaries, considered the book to be quite controversial, as it put the Bible’s word into question. In it, Freud boldly argues that Moses was not only raised into Egyptian aristocracy, but he was also born into Egyptian aristocracy. He was also one of the first theorists to mention the Akhenaten Aten worship in literature, which is actually considered the first monotheistic religion in the world; one which Moses, apparently, followed.
Freud also discusses the origin of the religion of Aten, and theorizes how it might be connected to the social, cultural and mythological development of Judaism and Christianity. Because of this controversial narrative, Moses and Monotheism was translated into English a few months after its first publication.
Freud believes that instead of leading all of the Israelites into freedom and the Promised Land, as the Bible suggests, Moses led only his close friends and followers. Later, they turned against him and murdered him, and joined a Midianite tribe that worshiped a God named Yahweh. After some time, they began to regret killing Moses, which is what, essentially, led the Jews to create Judaism. Many analysts consider this theory to be absurd and ridiculous, while some agree with Freud, saying that his analysis is very thorough and persuasive.
In the end, Freud argues that religion in general, and all religious thoughts and sentiments are, in fact, a symptom of neurosis, which is reflective of his atheist views. Thus, many religious readers have criticized the book, saying it represents religion in a negative connotation. Nonetheless, Moses and Monotheism received a lot of positive reviews as well, mainly because of its speculative and thought-provoking narrative.


Teodor Axentowicz (1859-1938), a renowned Polish-Armenian painter and the first elected rector of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków, was born in Braşov, Hungary (now Romania). His father’s family had Armenian roots and owned a small property in Ceniów, near Brody.
Axentowicz grew up in Lwów (Lviv) and after finishing high school he spent four years (1878-1882) studying art at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. In 1882, he moved to Paris and continued his artistic studies at the studio of Carolus-Duran. He became an illustrator for Le Monde Illustre, L’Illustration, and Figaro.
In 1895, Axentowicz moved to Kraków, where until 1934 he was professor at the Academy of Fine Arts. In 1898 he founded a school of painting for women. A founding member of the Sztuka Society of Polish Artists, Axentowicz took part in all of its domestic and foreign exhibitions. He was also a member of the Vienna Secession and contributed to its journal Ver Sacrum.
Teodor Axentowicz is famous for his depiction of Hutsul life. His keen interest in the folk life of the Carpathian Mountains began after his first visit to the Hutsul region at the end of his studies in Munich. Based on his sketches from the region, Axentowicz developed folk themes during his time at the Paris studio and continued to return to the subject throughout his career.
Axentowicz was especially fascinated with the picturesque rituals and strict customs of the Hutsuls. The colorfulness of folk costumes, along with the sublime mood of religious rituals, was reflected in the recurring and modified themes of his work.
Kolomyika – Hutsul Dance
Lirnyk – Hurdry-Gurdy Player
Feast of Jordan (Epiphany, Blessing of Waters)
By Areta Kovalska
Teodor Axentowicz, Culture.pl.
Teodor Axentowicz, Wikipedia.
Teodor Axentowicz, artnet.


Cute aggression is defined as the urge some people get to squeeze, crush, or bite cute things, without any desire to cause harm. The emotional and behavioral mechanisms underlying cute aggression have not been examined in young children. This study will further our understanding of the interplay of emotion regulation and social cognition in children with and without ASD.
What are the goals of the study?
The purpose of this study is to better understand how emotion regulation, empathy, and theory of mind may impact the perception of cuteness in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
What will happen during the visit or online?
Participation in the study will involve two online sessions completed via Zoom. During the first Zoom session, child participants will be administered a cognitive assessment and parent participants will be sent a link via Qualtrics to fill out questionnaires about their child. During the second Zoom session, child participants will listen to a story, view images of cute animals, watch short videos, and be asked to answer some questions about the story, images, and videos. The total duration for participation time will be one hour or two 30- minute sessions. Participants will be paid $10 via Amazon gift card for their participation. Participants will still be compensated for their participation even if they decide to discontinue their participation in the middle of the study.
How will this help families?
As feelings of cute aggression are related to feelings of overwhelm and caretaking, study findings will also inform efforts to improve prosocial skills for children with ASD, ultimately discovering new, groundbreaking ways of better supporting children with ASD.


The Supreme Court and the Constitution
This Academy is designed to immerse you in the study of the Supreme Court and the Constitution. We study the Supreme Court not because the Constitution belongs to it but because its work is not always well understood and its place in the framework of American constitutionalism is frequently misinterpreted. How did the branch said by Alexander Hamilton to be “least dangerous to the political rights of the Constitution” become, in Professor Alexander Bickel’s words, “the most extraordinarily powerful court of law the world has ever known”?
In this study of the Court, you will look at the institution’s founding, the establishment of its role in interpreting the very Constitution by which it was created, and its interpretation of the Constitution in several areas: the power of Congress to regulate commerce “among the several States”; the meaning of “the free exercise” of religion; and the president’s power in national security. Among the questions you will examine are the following: What is judicial power? How is it related to the other powers of government? Is the Court the final, authoritative interpreter of the Constitution on matters such as the power of Congress and the president and the meaning of freedom of religion? If so, why? If not, why not? Has the Court correctly understood the meaning of these constitutional powers and rights?
This Academy is a particularly good choice for any student considering law school after their undergraduate education.
Where and when
Schedule and Syllabus of Readings
Schedule of events coming soon.


Interactive read alouds are an important component of a balanced literacy classroom. Research proves the value of reading aloud to students of all ages, and shows that students benefit from being read aloud to several times throughout the week.
Thoughtful planning of an interactive read aloud lesson plan template is critical for its success. Teachers should select a text that is both meaningful and engaging to students, while considering how the text will support lessons, units, or themes that the class works on during the year. Thought-provoking questions are essential to every interactive read aloud. Using the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Cognitive Dimensions is one way to ensure students will take part in a variety of discussions from understanding the plot of the story to analyzing the author’s message.
This lesson is an example of an interactive read aloud of a picture book that can be modified to use with grades K–5. Text-dependent questions are provided based on the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Cognitive Dimensions in order to promote higher levels of text discussion.
About Brothers at Bat
The Acerra team is the longest-playing all-brother baseball team in history. The Acerra family had sixteen children and twelve of them were boys. Each one of the boys played baseball on the family team. This story is about more than baseball...It is a story about compassion, love and caring for others.
Every spring, I use a variety of baseball books with my classes in honor of the start of the Major League Baseball season. I have found that my 'reluctant boy readers' really enjoy these books. It is a fantastic feeling to see the kids that are typically least engaged during reading class to be the first to participate in class discussions. If your class enjoys Brothers at Bat be sure to check out some of my other baseball-themed reading resources.


Sunday, June 4th, 2023
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
kil´mad ( כּלמד , kilmadh ; Χαρμάν , Charmán ): A city or district mentioned after Sheba and Asshur as supplying merchandise to Tyre (Ezekiel 27:23 ). By changing "m" into "w" (common in Assyrian-Babylonian) this has been compared with Kalwādha near Bagdad (G. Smith, Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, I, 61; Delitzsch, Paradies , 206), but the identification seems improbable. Though regarded as the name of a country in the Septuagint and the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible , 390-405 ad) (Charman ; Chelmad ), there is some doubt whether this view of the word is correct. The Targum substitutes Madhai , "Media," and on this account Mez (Stadt Harran , 24) amends to Kōl Madhai , "all Media." The absence of the copula "and" has caused others to further modify the vocalization, and by reading kelimmūdh instead of Chilmad, the sense "Asshur was as the apprentice of thy trading" (Ḳimḥi , Hitzig, Cornill) is obtained, but is not satisfactory. Probably both text and translation are susceptible of improvement.
These files are public domain and were generously provided by the folks at WordSearch Software.
Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. Entry for 'Chilmad'. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/isb/c/chilmad.html. 1915.


Teaching British Values
Mathematics at Bilbrook helps prepare children for British life by developing their ability to make logical decisions and solve problems. They learn to work both independently and collaboratively and appreciate maths in everyday life whether it be in finance, patterns in nature or statistical analysis.
In Mathematics, at Bilbrook CE Middle, we intend to create confident mathematicians who become fluent in the fundamentals of mathematics, are able to reason mathematically and solve problems by applying their mathematics to a variety of problems with increasing sophistication. The programme of Mathematics at Bilbrook CE Middle follows the National Curriculum and the intention is that all children have a rapid recall of mathematical facts which will enable them to make connections within the subject of maths.
Children are given opportunities to work both independently and as part of a team when tackling mathematical tasks building resilience in the face of adversity. Children are regularly given the opportunity to work on tasks which require them to apply their fluency, reasoning and problem-solving skills.
The implementation of the maths curriculum is underpinned by the use of the concrete, pictorial, abstract framework; we believe this is a highly effective approach to teaching that develops a deep and sustainable understanding of maths. All new learning is explicitly modelled by the teacher. Each lesson challenges children to retrieve knowledge; to rapidly recall key number facts; to make explicit links with prior learning and to apply their new learning in context.
The impact is that children leave Bilbrook CE Middle as confident mathematicians with the knowledge and skills required for the next stage of their education, and indeed, life.
The overview for the year can be found here: Maths Whole School Overview
Our Calculation Policy can be found here: Bilbrook Calculation Policy
Year group route maps:
Y5 Learning journey
Y6 Learning journey
Y7 Learning journey
Y8 Learning journey
National Curriculum Progression Primary
Years 1-6 Ready to progress criteria
Key Stage 3 Small Steps
Key Stage 3 Closing the Gaps
National Curriculum Progression Secondary
Key Stage 3 Overview


Posted 27 June 2014
This Insect of the Day feature has been produced as part of Harper Adams University's National Insect Week celebrations, June 23-29.
The African armyworm by Senior Lecturer in Entomology, Dr Rob Graham.
Armyworm. The very word conjures up visions of destruction and invasion– and that is precisely the behaviour of this marauding insect pest!
The African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta, is a moth predominately found in sub-saharan Africa. It is probably the most destructive pest in eastern Africa, with outbreaks of caterpillars capable of destroying a farmer’s entire crop, feeding upon all types of staple cereal and grazing crops.
The adult moths live about 10 days and can migrate hundreds of kilometres, making it very difficult to predict the location of the next outbreak.
The female can lay about 1000 eggs in her lifetime. Eggs hatch in two to five days and six caterpillar stages are completed within two to three weeks. Caterpillars occur in two morphologically distinct forms: a 'gregarious' form, which is black, and a 'solitary' form, which is green, determined entirely by density.
UK scientists are part of an international team currently involved in combating this pest using a naturally occurring pathogen, the baculovirus SpexNPV, as a biopesticide. Ongoing research on the biology, ecology and genetics of SpexNPV is trying to assess its potential use as a microbial pesticide http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/armyworm/
This is one of the major insect pests and threats to food security in sub Saharan Africa; but it truly is a spectacular and remarkable insect with a fascinating life-history!


Dead Nettle is a flowering perennial that produces small flowers, often in white, pink, or purple shades. Also known as Lamium, this plant is an easy-to-grow groundcover. Flowers bloom in spring and early summer, but the lovely variegated foliage stays in place throughout the growing season. It’s disappointing when Dead Nettle plants do not flower, or the buds do not open. There is usually a reason why the Dead Nettle plants do not bloom, and if you determine that reason, you can work on a solution.
Common Reasons Why Dead Nettle Isn’t Blooming
Improper or inadequate care is often why flowering plants do not bloom. Dead Nettle plants need full to partial shade, and plants that receive too much light may not bloom. Plants that are under- or over-watered may also fail to set flower buds. Dead Nettle plants do not have high water needs, and since they thrive in shady conditions, overwatering is a common problem that can prevent flowering.
Pruning Dead Nettle To Help It Bloom
Overgrown plants will not bloom or may not set as many flowers. Dead Nettle plants typically do not need to be pruned until after flowering is complete, but if the plant is large and unwieldy, cutting it back may encourage flowers during the spring and early summer.
Fertilizing Dead Nettle To Help It Bloom
Dead Nettle plants are not heavy feeders, but some well-timed fertilizer applications will keep this flowering perennial full and healthy. Feed Dead Nettle using a balanced fertilizer in the spring and mid-summer. Too much fertilizer or incorrect fertilizer can negatively impact the plant and may prevent flowering.
Get Dead Nettle To Produce More Blooms
Help Dead Nettle plants produce more flowers by providing excellent care. Make sure the plant receives full to partial shade and water when the soil is dry. Feed Dead Nettle using a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer in the spring and midsummer. Deadhead the plant to encourage more blooms and trim straggly growth.
Why Dead Nettle Isn’t Blooming
- Too much sunlight
- Inadequate watering
- Leggy growth
- Improper fertilizer


The international treaty that saved the earth’s ozone layer is now having the unintended benefit of slowing global warming, according to a new study.
The 1987 Montreal Protocol, ratified by two hundred countries after scientists discovered a gaping hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica, phased out the use of industrial chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, which were once commonly used as refrigerants and vapor propellants in aerosol cans. Although CFCs are best known for damaging the ozone, they are also greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming, and a team of Columbia researchers recently set out to quantify the impact they had on global temperatures. Using computer climate models, they determined that CFCs and similar substances caused about one-third of all global warming between 1955 and 2005 and half of Arctic warming and ice loss during that period.
“In the coming decades, as these chemicals stop being used altogether, and as those that have already accumulated in the atmosphere dissolve, they will contribute less and less to global warming,” says lead author Lorenzo M. Polvani, the Maurice Ewing and J. Lamar Worzel Professor of Geophysics at Columbia Engineering. “It’s a good-news story.”


In commemoration of the World Philosophy Day established by UNESCO on the third Thursday of November -the day on which Socrates was supposedly executed-, different high schools in the region held, on December 12, 2014, a day of exchange of experiences, reflection and group work around a philosophical question. This year’s theme was “Utopias. Criticizing the present, imagining the future”. The activity was aimed at all the students of the second year of high school who are studying the history of philosophy as a common subject.
These days are intended to be a way to promote and stimulate philosophical reflection and debate by young people beyond or outside the classroom, as well as an uncomplicated celebration of reflection and philosophical thought in the public space. It is also for this reason that the chosen themes always revolve around current issues. The conference also has a strong academic component: it involves students in the second year of high school, in the course immediately prior to their entry into the university world, who will have to take an exam on this subject in the selectivity tests. In this sense, the aim is to highlight the relevance of philosophical training given its backbone character in order to be able to face with guarantees and in a reflexive way the conflicts and problems that an active citizenship in any professional or intellectual field entails today.
See the complete program of the conference and also the press dossier.


Your child’s teacher is a master at her trade. She has learned about your child specifically. She knows just how to welcome every child in the morning, she knows their favorite toys, what time they get hungry, who they like to play with. She knows how long your daughter can sit in one spot, how your son holds a pencil and which books are their favorites. She watches all of them playing, all day.
With all of this information she has developed a system of planning that unfolds daily, weekly and monthly. This is called Emergent Curriculum. Emergent thematic curriculum happens when great teachers witness amazing children, who at any given moment may be fascinated by trains, pirates, bugs, babies or rainbows. Your child’s teacher then builds activities based around the themes and fascinations that have emerged naturally in her classroom, creating a curriculum built around your children’s interest. Children excitedly participate and engage in learning because they feel a part of the planning.
Yes, we also introduce curriculum we think children should have exposure to, such as culture, art and science, but it is done by tailoring the specifics to them individually, which pulls each child in and makes learning engaging, fun, and interesting. Although it can sometimes look like chaos—as if 10,000 things are happening at the same time—it’s quite the contrary. What’s actually happening is that each child is engaged in his or her own learning, at his or her own pace and in his or her own bright spot.
Next time you are in the school, please take a careful look at the curriculum walls and bulletin boards. It’s not just about class calendars and newsletters, although those are equally important. It’s also a graphic representation of how the teachers’ beautiful plans have evolved into your child’s reality. And then, since it is impossible to put on paper everything that happens each day, take it a step further. Imagine all that unfolds at snack time, free play and at the park! Oh so many teachable moments!
This is what a thriving preschool classroom looks like. It truly is learning by design!


Posted: October 1st, 2022
2 parts for this assignment, each one answer 250 words and sign the answer number of question: use 2 words doc to upload
1/ Please answer any 2 ofthe following 4 questions asked from the section of Urbanization and Rural-Urban Migration of Economic Development. In order to obtain credible scores in this forum, you must provide proper citations and their corresponding references of reading materials in your contents of answers. You are also required to respond to at least one of your cohort’s posting in this forum. 10pts
1. Provide a list of positive and negative externalities of rapid urbanization in major cities in developing countries with their sources of externalities. Also provided real world case study example in your answer. 5pts
2. What is urban bias as one of the key factorsfor rapid urbanization? Giving an case study example, briefly provide a few viable recommendations to address the problem of urban bias. 5pts
3. Critically and briefly describe the importanceof growing urban slums with its pros and cons in the context of real world economic development in major cities in developing countries. As an economic adviser, what would be your list recommendations to address the problems of urban slums. Provide example of case study in the real world of economic development. 5 pts
4. What are the key sources of urban congestions and their effects on urban lives in the context of health and sustainability? As a part of solution suggested by many economists and policy experts suggested to significantly reduced the cars driving to cities. Why do you think that the limiting the cars to the metropolitan and cosmopolitan cities would be extremely difficult by city authorities in near future? 5 pts
2/ Comment on the responsibilities of Developing, and Developed countries with respect to climate change and its impact on the economy, and human capital….or…Can we figure a way to survive as long as the dinosaurs did (165 million years)?…sort of the same question.
Place an order in 3 easy steps. Takes less than 5 mins.


The weather is slowly but surely starting to warm up, which means that biking season is right around the corner. As spring rolls around in Missouri, everyone will be itching to get on their bikes and take a ride around the neighborhood.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Association reports that over 800 cyclists were killed in crashes between bikes and cars in 2016. In order to avoid a nasty crash, it is important to make sure you are as safe as can be when setting out this spring.
Use arm signals
Many accidents between cyclists and cars occur because the car cannot see or did not notice an individual who was biking near them. Using hand signals when turning can be a great way to signal to cars that you are there.
Wear a headlight or reflectors at night
Night cycling can be very dangerous, especially when bikers are not wearing anything to help notify drivers that they are on the road. Adding a headlight to your helmet or throwing on a reflective vest over one’s clothes can be a life saver. Making sure to have reflectors on the bicycle is a good idea as well.
Stay aware of surroundings
It is both a motor vehicle driver’s job as well as a cyclist’s job to avoid an accident. When cyclists do not pay attention to their surroundings when biking, they may be more susceptible to a crash. Making sure to keep an eye on passing cars as well as making eye contact with drivers when taking a turn can help confirm that motor vehicle drivers see you.


Topics covered in this course include: developmental milestones of communication, assessment in the communication domain, indicators of common disabilities related to communication development, service planning to address needs in communication development, and evidence-based intervention strategies.
Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to:
- Describe terms, components, and the sequence of communication development in young children.
- Identify indicators and characteristics of common disability conditions related to communication development.
- Discuss tools and practices appropriate for evaluation and assessment of communication development.
- Develop functional, relationship-based outcomes based on the needs identified through an assessment of communication development.
- Describe appropriate, evidence-based intervention practices that may be used to address developmental needs in the communication domain.
Topics Covered in Each Two-Week Lesson Cycle
Weeks 1-2: Development of Communication Skills
- Define common terms in the area of communication development
- Define the essential components of a child’s communication system
- Describe typical communication development in infants and toddlers
Weeks 3-4: Red Flags, Common Disabilities, and Referrals
- Recognize behaviors and characteristics that indicate a need for assessment
- Describe the characteristics of the most frequently occurring communication disorders
- Describe the impact of specific developmental disabilities on communication
Weeks 5-6: Essentials of Assessment of Communication Development
- Identify multiple tools and practices to assess development and progress in the area of communication
- Restate findings of a communication evaluation or assessment report to a child’s family
- Describe how communication assessment can be conducted using typical family routines and activities
Weeks 7-8: Outcomes, Services, and Coordination
- Identify a family’s concerns, priorities, and resources for their child’s communication development
- Identify possible functional, family-focused outcomes for a child with a communication disorder
- Explore service and support options based on the needs of the child and family
Weeks 9-10: Intervention Strategies to Work With Children and Their Families
- Describe relationship-based intervention strategies to support families in supporting the communication development of their young children
- Identify resources and strategies for promoting the communication development of young children
- Identify intervention strategies for integration into natural environments to address the communication disorders of young children


- YIDDISH WORD
The word tsu 'to' can have a distributive meaning approximately 'each'.
The rich folk led down only one cart each and the commoners brought a mere bundle. di raykhe hobn tsu eyne furn aropgefirt un di gemayne hobn in a bintl fartrogn. And he was a formidable man with six toes on each foot and six fingers on each hand. Un a gezunter iz er geven, tsu zeks finger hot er gehot af di fis un tsu seks af di hent.
This appears to be a calque from a distributive use of the Slavic po. The Germanic tsu with the distributive po meaning. In German it is not the most common use of ",zu" for it to have the meaning "on", but it does and can happen. To "go on foot" = "gehen zu Fuss" "a charger proud on its hooves" = "ein Stürmer Stolz zu Hufe" and "[Yew Bow]....it is excellent on a horse,..."="[Der Eibenbogen]....er ist ausgezeichnet zu Ross,..." But "po" can apparently be used by itself with a plural to imply "each" or perhaps better yet "on each" The "to" in English "tomorrow" is an old remnant of the preposition "to" being used as "on" in English. Compare with "on the morrow." http: //www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=tomorrow&allowed_in_frame=0


After Coal Curriculum
Matthew Mignogna, M.Ed, Penn State
This curriculum is designed for 11th or 12th grade Social Studies classes. This curriculum is inspired by After Coal, a documentary about how coal-dependent communities adapted to life after large amounts of coal jobs left the community.
The curriculum has three objectives:
- Teach students to recognize resource-dependent communities, ways that dependence is created, and the problems resource-depletion causes to these communities;
- Show students how scholars and affected communities have attempted to address these problems (using provided frameworks for sustainable growth) and have students apply the same models to the two case studies in After Coal;
- Empower students to develop a sustainable plan for your local community in a hypothetical scenario where your community’s primary industry or employers go out of business.
This curriculum is meant to be taught over the course of five days. The curriculum has a global focus, addressing communities in and outside of the United States.
- This curriculum is organized into five lessons plans meant to be taught across five sessions of class. You can utilize this organization or choose to modify it however you see fit as long as the intended conceptual objectives are still achieved.
- This lesson plan has several lecture portions where the teacher provides information to the students. This information is only outlined in this document – in order to understand it to the point where they can effectively teach it to their students, teachers will need to access and read through a Teacher Key created specifically for this curriculum.
- This curriculum was designed by an individual who is not directly teaching the content to the students. I understand the problems and difficulties that sometimes accompany these situations, so if you have any questions or feedback (ranging from exuberant praise to vehement opposition) please feel free to reach out at firstname.lastname@example.org.


By Uwe Werner Schierhorn
There can be a variety of measures to reduce the risk of nuclear war, e.g:
- Establish a joint early warning centre worldwide.
- Store nuclear warheads separately. They should not be mounted directly on delivery systems, such as intercontinental ballistic missiles.
- Conclude non-aggression treaties
- Abide by the Non-Proliferation Treaty: Eliminate or continuously reduce nuclear weapons
- Hold close-knit conferences between the countries possessing nuclear weapons
- Conclude new disarmament agreements that go beyond the current INF Treaty
- Ensure de-escalation – build a broad coalition of reason (e.g. confidence- and security-building measures as in “Cold War No. 1”, Red Phones, controls, inspections, manoeuvre announcements)
- Focus on “détente”, “peaceful coexistence” and “change through rapprochement”.
- Pursue foreign policy according to the principles of peace logic (e.g. equal rights, understanding the other side, anticipatory prevention of conflicts, readiness for reconciliation instead of violence & images of the enemy, recognition of other political cultures & renunciation of regime changes)
- Create cooperative security structures with inclusion and without exclusion of neighbours (e.g. geographical Europe includes at least Russia and Turkey)
- Improve international understanding (e.g. youth exchange, cultural exchange)
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator


World Tourism Day 2015 to Spotlight Tourism’s Ability to Drive Positive Change
“One Billion Tourists, One Billion Opportunities” will be the theme of this year’s World Tourism Day on 27 September 2015, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).
World Tourism Day is a day set aside in the United Nations calendar to honor tourism; a sector driving economic growth and development worldwide.
“Every time we travel, for whatever reason, we are part of a global movement; a movement that has the power to drive inclusive development, create jobs and build the sustainable societies we want for our future; a movement that builds mutual understanding and can help us safeguard our shared natural and cultural heritage”, the UNWTO said in an announcement.
The purpose of World Tourism Day is to foster awareness among the international community of the importance of tourism and its social, cultural, political and economic value. The event seeks to address global challenges outlined by the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and to highlight the contribution the tourism sector can make in reaching these goals.
This year, the UNWTO is inviting all to talk tourism through social media and via the hashtags #1billiontourists and #WTD2015.
“This year on the 27th of September, we want you to talk Tourism. Help us raise awareness of the important impact tourism has on countries and communities around the world and its potential as a force for good, creating a better world for all.”
The official celebrations for World Tourism Day this year will be held in Burkina Faso in West Africa.


Spring 2 Well-being focus: Humour
This half term our wellbeing focus is humour. It has long been known that humour is an important component of emotional health, affecting relationships, brain development and physical health. How you relate to peers, how you understand your peer group, how they relate to you, can be affected by humour. Childhood humour helps make people resilient, improving their ability to cope with stressful circumstances. If a child can interpret a difficult situation in a humorous way, as opposed to just ‘a bad thing is happening to me’, that could make a significant difference in how their brain and body responds to that difficult situation.
In our assembly on humour we have made sure that the children know that having a laugh can make you feel a little bit better when you are feeling unhappy, sad or worried, but reminded them that humour shouldn’t be used to pretend that you don’t feel sad or worried.
Another important message that we have shared with the children is that it is unkind to laugh at someone else’s problems or because of the way that they look, think, speak or act.
That said, we will be celebrating humour throughout the school with a joke competition, with the winners being shown in a video compilation in assembly. We will also ask the children to let us know which funny books are their favourite.
March the 20th is World Happiness day and we will have posters up, where children can write what makes them happy.
Humour Strategies for parents to use
Just remember, above all, that sarcasm has no place. Only "no hurt" humour is acceptable.


Out of order
Contrary to the rules of parliamentary procedure. The expression may be applied to motions, bills or to any intervention which offends against the rules of the House.
The official agenda of the House, published for each sitting day, listing all items that may be brought forward on that particular day.
A bill consisting of a number of related but separate parts which seek to amend and/or repeal one or several existing Acts and/or to enact one or several new Acts.
The in extenso report – transcribed, edited, and corrected – of what is said in the House and in a Committee of the Whole. The Official Report often identified as “the Hansard” which is the name of the British family originally responsible for arranging the official reporting of debates in the British House of Commons.
Official of the House
An officer responsible to the House for the carrying out of duties assigned by statute or by special order. Among those included in the designation are the Clerk of the House and the Clerk of the Senate.
Officer of Parliament
An officer responsible to one or both Houses for the carrying out of duties assigned by statute.
Oath of allegiance
An oath of loyalty to the country, in accordance with the requirements of the constitution, sworn by a Member before taking a seat in the House.


The ancestral artistic talent of the Mehinako indigenous people
The Mehinako group are indigenous people from the upper Xingú River region, in the state of Mato Grosso, south of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. Just over 200 indigenous people make up this group, which has survived the expeditions of European and Brazilian researchers since the end of the 19th century. Currently, the Mehinakos are one of sixteen ethnic groups that live in the Xingu Indigenous Park nature reserve. Together with the Waurá and Yawalapiti ethnic groups, they belong to the Aruak linguistic family group.
Excellent artisans, the Mehinakos preserve their traditional artifacts. The men are responsible for making wooden benches, masks and beiju shovels, in addition to the final lashing of baskets. The women make buriti yarn, hammocks, baskets and mats.
The raw material used to make hammocks and baskets is the straw of the Buritizeiro, a palm tree typical of the Amazon region, found at the edges of rivers and lakes. For this, the older men of the tribe walk more than 10 km in the forest in search of this tree that reaches 35 meters in height.
The use of a hammock to sleep is a tradition that still exists in indigenous ethnic groups. They used to call them “ini”. Mehinako hammocks are made of buriti fibre and coloured cotton wefts. They are made with a single buriti thread that has no seams. For this craft work, the women of the tribe spin a huge roll with the fibre. Then, they produce the hammock and finally intertwine their wefts with coloured cotton. Due to the extensive work of producing buriti yarn, assembling the warp and weaving, a hammock takes months to complete. A true masterpiece.
Among the different types of Mehinako baskets are the Kuño baskets, articles originally used to serve food, as a colander or to collect fish after fishing. They are recognised, however, as a work of art and decorative pieces due to their mastery in manual work and the use of graphics that refer to elements of Mehinako cosmology. To make them, the Mehinako women use the finest and most delicate fibre leaves of the buriti palm tree. They assemble the pieces weaving the straw ribbons in bamboo bows and then embroider the colourful designs with cotton threads.


1. The J.P. Morgan Connection
The raw form of morganite was first found in 1910 in Madagascar. This gem was named ‘morganite’ to honor the legendary American banker J.P. Morgan for his notable contribution of gemstones to the American Museum of Natural History.
2. A Subtle Hue that Enchants
Morganite is most coveted for its delightful hue that ranges from pink to orange-pink. This pleasing color is caused by traces of manganese. Intense pinks in morganite are extremely rare. Only the larger crystals come in intense to magenta pink hues. These are considered as the most valuable morganites. The softer hues of pastel pink to purplish pink (rose), yellowish pink (peach) and orangish pink (salmon) are more commonly found. Another mind-blowing fact about this appealing gem is the intense red-hued fluorescence it exhibits when exposed to X-rays.
3. The Rose of Maine
The largest specimen of Morganite was discovered on October 7th, 1989 in the Bennet Quarry of Buckfield, Maine. It was pinkish-orange in color and weighed more than 50 pounds. The 30 cm wide stone, originally valued at more than $1 million, was called ‘The Rose of Maine’. One of the pieces of this shattered gigantic crystal is now displayed at the Mineralogical and Geological Museum at the University of Harvard. It sits next to the magnificent 7cm wide Morganite crystal.
4. Sources of Morganite
Minas Gerais in Brazil is a major source of morganite. It is also mined in small quantities in Namibia, Afghanistan, Mozambique and the USA. Although the original deposit in Madagascar is only a minor producer today, it still sets the benchmark for the best quality. The rough magenta-hued stones from this mine score above crystals from all other sources.
5. Bountiful Benefits
Morganite is believed to encourage fairness towards others. This delicate pink stone is especially effective for those suffering from emotional issues. Its soothing energy helps relieve stress and anxiety. This pretty pink gem is known for improving communication by elevating your ability to empathize.


Organizational Planning and Tools
A company’s organizational plan is a critical part of its structure and is one of the clearest demonstrations of the planning for its operations. Within an organization, managers use a number of tools to carry out organizational plans and to measure the success of organizational performance in light of strategic goals. In this Assignment, you will examine the contributions managers make to an organization’s plan, as well as their use of organizational charts and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). (https://www.thebalancecareers.com/organization-charts-as-a-management-tool-2275147)
Submit your responses to the following prompts:
- Explain how managers can contribute to an organization’s strategic and operational planning. (75–150 words, or 1–2 paragraphs). Click here to ORDER NOW
- Describe what an organizational chart is and provide a written example of how an organizational chart could be used within an organization. Explain how organizational charts can benefit managers. (150 words, or 2 paragraphs).
- Describe the four dimensions that are measured in a balanced scorecard (BSC). Explain what purposes a BSC can serve for a manager. (75–150 words, or 1–2 paragraphs). Click here to ORDER NOW
NB: Ensure your Organizational Planning and Tools assignment is fully referenced with 3-4 APA Journals.


C# is a modern multi-purpose programming language, developed by Microsoft. It has a C-style syntax and is targeted to the Common Language Infrastructure. It was first released in 2000 and reprises Microsoft’s own vision of the “C with objects” concept. C# was developed with not only advanced but also embedded systems in mind. It allows a creation of lightweight, easy on resources applications and wide internationalization capabilities.
C# was developed as a part of .Net project and was sometimes criticized for being “Microsoft’s .Net Java-clone”, but the difference came even more obvious after C# 2.0 and especially LINQ extensions released with C# 3.0, that implemented strong functional-style programming support to the language. Programming research and development through the years showed benefits of using functional-style programming in various situations, and accommodations have been brought immediately.
Please refer to this (Comparison of C Sharp and Java) nice Wikipedia article for detailed analysis, and here are some of C# key features:
○ Meta programming
○ Methods and functions
○ Memory access
○ Functional programming
Since C# is by design the closest implementation of CLI principles, it fulfills the CTS (Common Type System) standard.
As long as C# runs on the CLR we can create revealing, cross-platform applications. It allows to build custom web solutions with any functional services a client wants it to be. Thanks to the variety of C# features, our developers work more productively delivering the same quality of programming.
As of now C# is the main programming language in Microsoft’s ecosystem. Grown from own views of distributed computing oriented language, after abandoning the use of Sun’s Java, C# has the best use of all the super-modern .Net features, and thus is Microsoft’s flagship. It is also the best in Microsoft .Net favorite language interoperability. All this makes C# the weapon of choice in most .Net, Portable.Net and Mono projects.


The Words of Sun Myung Moon from 2011
Note: These notes are taken from a Peace TV video clip. They cannot be published as definitive texts and should never be used in the future as an "official" publication of True Father's words.
"Originally it should be Sang Ha (above and below), Oo joa (right and left), and Jeon Hoo (front and rear). In Confucianism, it says Sang Ha (above and below), Joa Oo (left and right), and Jeon Hoo (front and rear). Confucius knew Sang Ha (above and below) which is the 'vertical relationship of the parent-child,' and in terms of the relationship of spouses, because of the fall, the husband's position which should be on the right side, was reversed, and wife's position that is Joa (left) came first due to the fall. We should restore its original status."
"In Buddhism, they say one is able to reach the deliverance of one's soul without God. This is totally wrong."
"450 years ago, prophets foretold that there would be a fight between the South and North of the Korean peninsula."
"Among peninsulas, the Korean peninsula has the best shape."
"Say Yi, Mok, Goo, Bi (ear, eye, mouth and nose). Why does the nose come last? You do not know why we say these in this order."
"In Korean, the right side is called Baruda (true, right, or correct)."
"The Cosmic World Assembly for the Proclamation of the Settlement of the True Parents of Heaven, Earth, and Humankind, and the Substantial Word of God" covers all without lacking anything. Do you know that? Even by eliminating other words in this title such as 'substantial word' or 'settlement,' Heaven, Earth, and Humankind added with Humankind is enough. Which is the center, Heaven and Earth or Humankind?"


Antioxidants are special class of micronutrients that are required by the body in only miniscule amount to provide essential support for vital metabolic functions of the body. They block harmful chemical reactions that are caused by oxidation. Antioxidants are often used to provide overall support for the body and its organs. They are nature’s way of providing the cells with adequate defense against attack.
Antioxidants are selected by the body to wade off free radical and at the same time, they energise the body cells to stay healthy, function normally and live longer. The human body are constantly attacked by free radical, which are often referred to as reactive oxygen species that are linked to chronic disease and cancer. In the year 1992, there was a measurement that was developed to measure the capabilities of antioxidants against free radicals to know how much a particular food inhibits the performance of the free radicals. It is known as the Oxygen radical absorption capacity.
Healthy diets are good producer of antioxidants that effectively fight free radicals. This antioxidants neutralize free radicals by donating electrons that stabilize them. They also possess a special property of being able to lose electrons without becoming free radicals themselves. When the body runs low on the necessary antioxidants, or it’s overrun by excessive free radicals, the body’s healthy cells become damaged and diseased. To keep a very healthy body, you need to eat foods that are rich in antioxidants or take antioxidant supplements.
Taking too much of antioxidant supplements is not really advisable, except it is recommended by your doctor. Adults should limit their daily antioxidant supplement intake to around 100-200IU for Vitamin E, 100-200 mcg for selenium. Vitamin C, which is soluble in water, is quite safe even if taking in overdose, but we derive maximum benefit from it when we take around 250-500mg per day.
Consumption of antioxidants at a level that is higher than the daily intake recommended allowance specifications is not recommended. Excessive intake may have pro-oxidant effects on the body. They become toxic and harm the body, which is why natural antioxidants are always advisable at times.


Tuning the wheat root microbiome to improve soil health and optimize rhizosphere nitrogen cycling and availability
Improvement of soil health by wheat root traits,
root morphological and functional traits in wheat landraces can preserve and improve target soil health markers. These beneficial traits, likely lost through wheat domestication, can be introduced in modern wheat cultivars and will be the base of an innovative strategy to restore and preserve agricultural soils.
To provide genetic resources and predictive models to breeders and other stakeholders for the introduction of the beneficial root traits in wheat production.
To enhance the potential beneficial effects of wheat cultivation on soil health through the identification of root traits that can improve soil structure and optimize nitrogen (N) cycling.
For this, the WISH-ROOTS project will aim to:
1) identify key traits associated with functionality of microbial and fungal guilds in the rhizosphere and root system architectural traits
2) find the genes, genomic regions or metabolic pathways in wheat that can benefit soil health
3) develop genetic tools for breeding to introduce these beneficial traits in commercial cultivars. These aims will provide advantageous varieties for farmers that support a more sustainable use of land improving soil microbial biodiversity, N cycling, and structure


Subtraction: Booklet 1
Subtraction: Booklet 1 - Parent/Teacher Guide - Beginning Subtraction
Parent/Teacher Guide 68 pages - stapled booklet Student Workbook 40 pages - stapled booklet
The Parent/Teacher Guide has instructions on how to teach the lessons, sample dialogues, games, and the Answer Key. The Student Workbook has worksheets and practice pages.
This unique approach to subtraction was developed by Prof. Emeritus Michael Butler at the world renowned UCI Farm Elementary School.
- The Patterns in Arithmetic series teaches for understanding using a discovery and inductive approach.
- Subtraction starts by creating stories with edible manipulatives and recording these stories in ways that make sense to the student. Concrete objects represent the edible pieces and are recorded with numbers. leading to standard subtraction formats, e.g., 8 - 6 = 2 and 8 -6
- Parents are guided though a series of lessons that give sample dialogues that a teacher might have with a student.
Fishy Game and Story Problems
Recording: Representational and Recording: Representational with Number Sentences
Answer Key is in the Parent/Teacher Guide
Foreword by Professor Michael Butler, Introduction, Farm School Math Notes, Teaching Techniques, Arithmetic Conventions, Math Journal, Sequence Guides, Lesson Planning, Materials, and Resources


Of all the bills that made up the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was the most controversial. It required citizens to assist in the recovery of fugitive slaves. It denied a fugitive’s right to a jury trial. (Cases would instead be handled by special commisioners — commisioners who would be paid $5 if an alleged fugitive were released and $10 if he or she were sent away with the claimant.) The act called for changes in filing for a claim, making the process easier for slaveowners. Also, according to the act, there would be more federal officials responsible for enforcing the law.
For slaves attempting to build lives in the North, the new law was disaster. Many left their homes and fled to Canada. During the next ten years, an estimated 20,000 blacks moved to the neighboring country. For Harriet Jacobs, a fugitive living in New York, passage of the law was “the beginning of a reign of terror to the colored population.” She stayed put, even after learning that slave catchers were hired to track her down. Anthony Burns, a fugitive living in Boston, was one of many who were captured and returned to slavery. Free blacks, too, were captured and sent to the South. With no legal right to plead their cases, they were completely defenseless.
Mr. Harun Jihad Bilal || Living Islam 101
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I was overjoyed to spot this book at a local store. Remembering watching Newsround way back in 1992 (although I thought it hadn’t happened that long ago) in disbelief at the weird and wonderful tale of a band of escapees. Markus Motum has created yet another amazing picture book inspired by real life events.
Told in first person from the viewpoint of one of the thousands of plastic ducks who were being shipped from China to the USA, yet never completed the trip, this story is one that entertains and educates in equal measure. When a storm hits, an unusual adventure begins…one that is still being ‘enjoyed’ today!
As anyone would expect, the illustrations are a joy. Minimal yet so well crafted, your eyes observe the basic shapes and then are drawn in by the small details that Markus Motum uses.
Now for the teacher bit. The whole book is basically crying out to be turned into a geography unit of work in KS2. There would be no doubt about pupil engagement and the study around the oceans of the world would be absolutely ace! At the end of the book is a handy non-fiction text that educates the reader about ocean currents and plastic pollution. It is ideal for teachers who need a reading comprehension linked to their geography curriculum.
A bonkers true life tale – absolutely quackers!


Gnidia oppositifolia, commonly in Afrikaans gonnabas (gonna bark) or basbos (bark bush), is an erect, willowy shrub that reaches heights from 1 m to 3 m. It sometimes resprouts after fire.
The opposite leaves are simple and short-stalked, ascending on the upper stems, the lower stems bare. The lanceolate leaf-shape ends in an acutely pointed tip. The blades are smooth, bright green with midribs prominent on the lower surfaces and sometimes with red to purple colouring along the margins, particularly near the tips. Leaf size is about 10 mm long and 5 mm wide.
The species distribution is in the Western Cape from Clanwilliam to Gqeberha in the Eastern Cape. The photo was taken in Jonkershoek.
The habitat is fynbos on sandstone slopes, often in moist places such as streambanks. The species is not considered to be threatened in its habitat early in the twenty first century (Vlok and Schutte-Vlok, 2015; Manning, 2007; Bean and Johns, 2005; Bond and Goldblatt, 1984; iNaturalist; http://redlist.sanbi.org).


InnovationPrevention Three genes associated with increased cervical cancer risk
Scientists have identified three genes associated with an increased risk of developing cervical cancer.
The study, led by scientists from Imperial College London supported by the NIHR Imperial BRC, which has been published in the journal The Lancet Oncology, studied data from over 150,000 European women.
The research is one of the first studies to pinpoint genetic variants associated with an increased risk of cervical precancer and cancer. The study team say the findings open avenues for identifying women at higher risk and monitoring their health more closely – particularly if genetic information is combined with the cervical cancer screening programme.
Dr Sarah Bowden, lead researcher of the study, explained: ‘HPV causes cervical cancer, but what we haven’t understood until now is why many people are infected with HPV, yet very few develop cervical cancer.
‘Over 70 per cent of people are infected with HPV over their lifetime, yet most women clear the infection, and only a small fraction go on to develop abnormal pre-cancerous cervical cells; even fewer develop cervical cancer.
Previous studies suggest around 30 per cent of the risk of developing cervical cancer is genetic. This study is the first to confidently identify gene variants that may be associated with an elevated risk of cervical cancer.’
For more information please see the full story written by Kate Wighton. © Imperial College London.
Photo by National Cancer Institute on Unsplash


How prevalent are concussions in youth sports?
If your child plays sports, you likely expect some injuries to occur. Sports can be rough, from the intense physical activity to the high contact with other players, so getting hurt is no surprise. It may seem like something that just comes with being an athlete.
However, some injuries have worse consequences than others. One that has taken the spotlight in recent years is concussions, especially in youth sports. Are they really as common and as serious as the media portrays them to be?
Statistics on the rise of concussions vary, with the highest report being a 500 percent increase from 2010 to 2014, reveals Sports Illustrated. The high number may be partially from greater awareness leading to an increase in reporting and doing so sooner, so the actual difference may not be as drastic.
Those who have the highest incidence rate of concussions are football players, followed by female soccer players, according to MedStar Sports Medicine. Females athletes across the board have the greatest risk. Having prior concussions also raises the odds of experiencing further ones.
Concussions are serious for children because their brains have not finished developing yet. Full maturity happens around age 25. Before 14 years of age, the head is bigger than the rest of the body, the neck is weak and nerve fibers lack myelin (the protective sheath). These traits mean more damage to the brain after a concussion. Furthermore, helmets do not prevent concussions, as the injuries are a result of the brain hitting the skull.
Concussions do not always lead to blacking out or having headaches. Other signs include:
- Poor sleep
- Trouble with concentration and/or memory
- Changes in mood and/or personality
- Sensitivity to sounds and lights
- Dazed appearance
If your child exhibits these behaviors, even if he or she seemed fine at the time of the incident, head to the doctor right away. The sooner treatment occurs, the better the chance of recovery.


Sir2-like proteins (Sirtuins) are a class of enzymes conserved throughout the kingdoms of life. In fact, from Archaea to Mammals, these (class III) NAD+-dependent deacetylases catalyse the removal of the acetyl moiety from a substrate protein. Sirtuins show a conserved central catalytic domain with two more variable amino- and carboxy-terminal flanking regions. Amino acid comparison of these central conserved catalytic core sequences allows us to divide Sirtuins into five different classes (I, II, III, IV and U). These proteins differ in their subcellular localization (i.e. in Eukaryotes they can be found in the nucleus, cytoplasm or mitochondria). In humans there are seven Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) that are implicated in various physiological processes including aging and age-related disorders such as neoplasms, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation. Nowadays, the estimated life expectancy is definitely longer than in the past thus, we may consider all aging-related problems as having a strong social impact. Consequently, Sirtuins are emerging, particularly from a pharmacological point of view, as new and valuable drug targets.
Keywords: Aging, caloric restriction, cancer, deacetylase, drug targets, NAD+, X-ray crystallography.