The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) said that health crisis is “quickly becoming a child rights crisis” even as the coronavirus outbreak enters its fifth month. The UNICEF has called for an immediate assistance of 1.6 billion dollars for its humanitarian service towards children and warned that about 6,000 children under five could die every day if immediate action was not taken.
“As we re-imagine what a post-COVID world would look like, these funds will help us respond to the crisis, recover from its aftermath, and protect children from its knock-on effects”, UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore said.
She said that the costs of supplies, shipment and care have increased much and the demand has also increased. “Schools are closed, parents are out of work and families are under growing strain,” she said.
The UNICEF said that the estimate of 6,000 additional deaths from preventable causes in the next six months was based on an analysis by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The UN agency said that about 56,700 more maternal deaths could occur in just six months in addition to the 1,44,000 likely deaths across the globe. Fore said that the mothers and children should not become collateral damages in the fight against Covid0-19. The decades of progress on bringing down child and maternal deaths should not be lost, she added.
The UNICEF noted that essential services such as routine immunization have already been compromised in the wake of the deadly virus. The agency also pointed out the psycho-social impact of school closures, restricted movement and even isolation are likely to intensify. It also warned that children under restricted movement and socio-economic decline were in greater jeopardy of violence and neglect. Moreover, the agency also maintained that women and girls are at increased risk of sexual and gender-based violence.


01 November 1996
There has been very little argument among teachers of modern foreign languages (MFLs) about the merit of using the target language as much as possible when teaching. However, there has been an uneasy acceptance of the principle, proposed by the National Curriculum Order for MFLs, that the target language should be the normal means of all communication in the language classroom. Much discussion of the policy and its implementation has focused on teachers' proficiency and fluency in the target language, but there has been little consideration given to the validity of the principle itself.
The survey described in this report set out to establish the extent to which teachers use the target language, and to investigate their beliefs about its role in effective teaching and learning. It provides information, in particular, about the quantity of target language used by both teachers and pupils at key stages 3 and 4 of the National Curriculum, about difficulties encountered in promoting target language use, and about the balance of target language and English thought to be most appropriate for developing foreign language competence.
The perspectives of teachers whose mother tongue is the target language are considered alongside those of English speakers, and together these show a considerable degree of consensus about the need to adapt target language use to circumstances, and to recognise that it is only one aspect of a broader strategy for teaching and learning MFLs.


Computer Science Learning: Closing the Gap: Rural and Small-Town School Districts
This special brief from our Google-Gallup study dives into the opportunities and challenges for rural and small-town communities. Based on nationally representative surveys from 2015-16, we found:
Students from rural/small-town schools are just as likely as other students to see CS as important for their future careers, including 86% who believe they may have a job needing computer science.
Rural/small-town parents and principals also highly value CS, with 83% of parents and 64% of principals saying that offering CS is just as or more important than required courses.
Rural/small-town students are less likely to have access to CS classes and clubs at school compared to suburban students, and their parents are less likely to know of CS opportunities outside of school.
Rural/small-town principals are less likely to prioritize CS, compared to large-city or suburban principals.
Read the report at https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/computer-science-learning-closing-the-gap-rural-small-town-brief.pdf
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In a well-written paper, write a response to three of the following five questions:
- What are the common tools used to protect against a DoS (Denial of Service) or DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attack?
- What is malware and how does it spread?
- What is a Buffer-Overflow attack?
- How does a SQL injection attack take place?
- What are some of the tools that a hacker can use to crack passwords?
Your paper should meet the following requirements:
- Be two to three pages in length, not including the cover page and reference page.
- Follow the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements. Your paper should include an introduction, a body with fully developed content, and a conclusion.
- Support your answers with the readings from Module 3 and at least one scholarly journal article. The CSU-Global Libraryis a great place to find resources.
- Be clearly and well-written, concise, and logical, using excellent grammar and style techniques. You are being graded in part on the quality of your writing. If you need assistance with your writing style, start with Tools for Effective Writing at the CSU-Global Library, accessible from the Library’s homepage.
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Can you have a greener Christmas: some do's and don't's
By Shauna Summers
Cutting down trees is a key element to some families’ holiday season which is contrary to the type of Green Christmas that is good for our trees. I jotted down a few suggestions that could help each of us make the holiday season a little healthier for Mother Earth as well as our pocketbooks. Check out the lists:
- Shop local when you can and avoid the long lines at the big box stores
- Craft your own Christmas gifts (up-cycling counts!). Sew, cook, bath balls, or get creative and make a tiny terrarium or Christmas decoration.
- Alternative Christmas trees include: a potted live Christmas tree, an artificial tree, decorate a large potted pine plant (not tree)
- Don’t buy new, buy vintage and reduce your footprint!
- Give your kids something to do on break AND get rid of old stuff → let the kiddo’s (at church or at home) make tree garland by cutting up old Christmas cards in triangles and gluing them over yarn.
- Turn your lighted Christmas items on and off when you can’t enjoy them; or get a timer.
- Burn clean! Buy candles made from beeswax, soy or vegetable wax which won’t release toxins and make your house smell wonderful!
- Avoid wasteful purchases of things you or others don’t need
- Don’t use or buy wrapping paper -- some Christmas wrapping paper isn’t recyclable! Instead, make a basket/bucket/container part of the gift and cover it with cute cotton fabric that is recyclable (or reusable by the recipient)
- Check out antique stores, Goodwill or eBay to find great deals on unique and unusual items for friends and family, like vintage dishes, pottery, retro outerwear, and jewelry. You’ll also be saving money and reducing your carbon footprint at the same time!
- Don’t burn candles with paraffin which are derived from petroleum, they release toxins into your environment - yuck!


Shopping For A Sensory Book? Here's What To Look For
Children need sensory input — input that stimulates their senses of touch, sight, and hearing — when they actively play. Sensory toys are often incorporated in learning activities to help encourage children to enjoy their play and challenge their growing bodies and minds.
While books are considered to be encouraging for teaching a child imagination tools and will certainly encourage reading and comprehension skills as well as language, books can be sensory-driven as well. Learn what to look for in a sensory book for your children or other kids you know and love. This way, you'll have all the tools you need to help a child succeed in all their areas of learning and play.
Books that have accompanying toys
Children's books that have accompanying toys, like a giraffe plushie and children's picture book set, will help kids not only read, but let their imagination be active at the same time. When children have a plushie toy they can read to, squeeze while reading, or actively incorporate into a book's story line, they can stay on task with their materials while actually enjoying the words in the book.
To keep the sensory goals intact, choose plushie toys that have fluffy features and eyes that are glassy and easy to touch. Toys that feature individual toes and palms and possibly have shirts and crinkly bows on them encourage all different kinds of sensory input. A plushie and book set can come in a variety of different animal options, so keep the interests of your children in mind when choosing books with toys for them to read.
Books that have plushies in them
A giraffe plushie and children's book set, for example, can come with a plushie that is actually incorporated into the book itself, like in the form of a finger puppet or a plushie face that goes into each page of the story. This type of sensory book creates lots of fun for younger children in particular who cannot yet read and are into books mainly for their visual appeal. A book that can not only be read but actively played with is a win for all kids, and is a great way to introduce reading as a fun activity to children who are just beginning to understand what books are.
Sensory books can be a great way to help kids learn and enjoy reading, particularly those who are sensory seeking by nature. Look at many sensory-driven books, such as a giraffe plushie and children's picture book set, before choosing one.


In the science of measuring things, "accuracy" refers to the difference between a measurement taken by a measuring tool and an actual value. For instance, a thermometer reading of 60 degrees Fahrenheit when the actual temperature is 62 degrees Fahrenheit is not totally accurate, though it is more accurate than a thermometer reading of 58 degrees Fahrenheit during that same time. The relative accuracy of a measurement can be expressed as a percentage; you might say that a thermometer is 98 percent accurate, or that it is accurate within 2 percent. These percentages are easy to calculate.
You might also want to calculate the relative accuracy of things like stock price predictions. To do so, simply substitute the word "prediction" for "measurement" in the formula for accuracy.
Obtain the instrument for which you want to calculate the relative accuracy of measurements. For instance, you might want to know how accurate your thermometer's temperature readings are.
Use the tool to measure something for which you know the exact value. For instance, a cup of ice water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit, so this would be an appropriate measurement to use. Your thermometer might measure the temperature of the water at 31 degrees Fahrenheit.
Subtract the difference between the actual value and the measurement from the actual value and divide the result by the actual value to obtain the accuracy of the measurement. For our thermometer example:
Multiply the result by 100 percent to convert the accuracy to a percentage. For our thermometer example:
The thermometer's reading of the ice water was 96.8 percent accurate.
- You might also want to calculate the relative accuracy of things like stock price predictions. To do so, simply substitute the word "prediction" for "measurement" in the formula for accuracy.
About the Author
Timothy Banas has a master's degree in biophysics and was a high school science teacher in Chicago for seven years. He has since been working as a trading systems analyst, standardized test item developer, and freelance writer. As a freelancer, he has written articles on everything from personal finances to computer technology.


Jews and Judaism in World History
Jews and Judaism in World History This book is a survey of the history of the Jewish people from biblical antiquity to the present, spanning nearly 2,500 years and traversing five continents.
Jews and Judaism in World History Pdf
Opening with a broad introduction that addresses key questions of terminology and definition, the book’s ten chapters then go on to explore Jewish history in both its religious and non-religious dimensions.
The book explores the social, political, and cultural aspects of Jewish history, and examines the changes and continuities across the whole of the Jewish world throughout its long and varied history. Topics covered include:
• the emergence of Judaism as a religion and way of life, from the world of the ancient Israelites, as recounted in the Hebrew Bible through to encounters with the Greco-Roman civilization, and with Roman, Byzantine, Persian, Islamic and Christian rule.
• the development during the Middle Ages of Judaism as an all-encompassing identity.
• the effect on Jewish life and identity of major changes in Europe and the Islamic world from the mid-sixteenth through the end of the nineteenth century.
• the complexity of Jewish life in the twentieth century, the challenge of anti-Semitism and the impact of the Holocaust, and the emergence of the current centers of world Jewry in the State of Israel and the New World.
Exploring the overarching themes that bind this complex history, while also taking care to note the broad diversity of the Jewish experience, this book will be a vital tool to all students of world history.
Disclaimer:- Dev Library is not the owner of the books and neither it creates books. We just provide the links of the book for the rural and poor students who don’t afford to buy books. Those E-Books and Pdfs are already available on the internet. For any reason, if someone thinks that I’m violating any laws or if anyone has any issues regarding this, please feel free to Contact Us.
Hi, I’m Dev Kirtonia, Founder & CEO of Dev Library. A website that provides all SCERT, NCERT 3 to 12, and BA, B.com, B.Sc, and Computer Science with Post Graduate Notes & Suggestions, Novel, eBooks, Biography, Quotes, Study Materials, and more.


The sunflowers this summer have been quite magnificent, and the house has been surrounded on three sides by their sunny, cheerful faces. This years are even more special because of the added dimension of suspecting that they could possibly be providing the raw materials for our first honey.
At their peak, each flower had perhaps 2 or even 3 bees working away collecting pollen / nectar.
I think we can be fairly certain that the honey that we did harvest comes virtually exclusively from the sunflowers. In other words, its a monofloral honey. I like to think that the bright yellow colour backs this theory up. The honey is now starting to crystallise- so whereas the honey initially was clear and reasonably fluid, it is now more opaque and much thicker and creamy – but equally delicious.
I have read that honeybees collect mostly nectar from sunflowers, whilst wild bees collect the pollen. Honeybees however cannot avoid picking up pollen – and will transfer it from flower to flower. Sunflowers rarely self-pollinate, and scientific research shows that pollinated sunflowers have a higher seed yield. A nicely balanced partnership.
The sunflower head is made up of individual florets, which start to open from the outside in. In the image below, there are five or six rings of florets which have opened – and will continue to open at the rate of two or three rings per day. On the day I took this image, all the bees were to be found just in this inner rim of the sunflowers. Each floret will mature into a sunflower seed.
So, a big thank you this year to the sunflowers – not only for their aesthetic perfection, their colour and cheer – but also the 30 odd jars of super honey. I must go and deliver a big pot to the farmer who planted the sunflowers, although I’m not sure if he should be thanking us (and the bees) as well – I wonder if the seed output has increased.
What a cheery yellow colour that honey is, gorgeous.
I have to admit that I am rather loathe to give away these jars, as they simply look so attractive sat there in the kitchen ~ but it is proving easy to find them good homes where they will be well appreciated.


It is proposed to provide Educational materials and School Uniforms for the Education development of poor Children in urban (Slums) areas. Due to poverty and meager income Children's parents are unable to provide School Uniforms and Educational materials to their Children, because of poverty, unemployment and meager income. Consequently, their Children are unable to attend School regularly and some of the Children are becoming School dropouts and going for daily labor along with their parents
Because of poverty and meager income parents for unable to spend expenses for Children Education. Consequently, it becomes a problem for the Education development of the poor Children. In addition to the above Children are feeling inferiority complexes, because they did not have Books and Uniforms. It is necessary to provide Educational materials and School Uniforms. Thus, the Children will be liberated from inferiority complexes, mingle with other Children and get self confidence and superior
Due to poverty meager wages and over Children parents are facing lot of problems to provide basic Educational Materials such as Text Books, Note Books, Pen, Pencils, Eraser, School Bags and School Uniforms to their Children. Hence, they are feeling inferiority complexes and they are not going regularly to School. Thus, they are becoming School dropouts and Child labor in the Society. Hence, their bright future is becoming gloomy. If your esteemed organization will provide financial support to
Through this project 50 poor School Children will be benefited. Provide Educational Materials, School uniforms, School Bags, School Fees, Shoes and other Educational materials for 50 going School Children (aged 9 to 14 years) They will be protected and saved from Child labor and various types of Health hazards labor. Poor Children will get prosperous life by providing Education; they will get Government jobs and private jobs. They will get (poor Children) good income by getting jobs.
This project has provided additional documentation in a PDF file (projdoc.pdf).


Buoys on the Fox River mark water quality testing sites
The Fox River Study Group (FRSG) is funding a water quality study this summer upstream of the dam in Carpentersville. The white floats with blue stripes are part of a program to document river water and biological quality prior to the scheduled removal of the Carpenter Dam in 2021. Please avoid and do not disturb the buoys. Readings are being taken of the levels of oxygen, algae, salts, and nutrients in the river as well as the river water's temperature and pH. The study runs through October of this year and will be repeated after the dam is removed to document changes in river conditions.
Another study is underway downstream of the Stratton Dam in McHenry. At that location USGS is conducting the study for the FRSG, and the data are reported continuously online. This study began in 2018 and is collecting data during the six-month growing season through 2021. The aim of the USGS study is to understand the quality of the water at the upstream boundary of the length of the river which the Fox River Study Group is studying. The group's study area runs from below the Stratton Dam to the mouth of the Fox River in Ottawa. View the USGS data to get a sense of the data being collected at both study sites.


Variations in water resources in Australian drainage basins
With the onset of warmer global temperatures, an increase in precipitation is predicted for low-latitude regions of northern Australia, while the southern parts are predicted to become drier. Water is a critical resource, yet little is currently known about the actual amount of groundwater available, let alone how the resource is changing. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission began in 2002 and has a proven capacity to measure variations related to hydrological patterns. GRACE can generate estimates of mass variations which can be interpreted as the sum of ground water, soil moisture, surface and atmospheric water. Such information can provide data on water resources at the basin-scale, information that is not readily available at the present time.
To date, the capability of the GRACE mission has not been utilised to study the temporal variations in water resources in Australia. Before the results of the analysis of GRACE data can be used, the accuracy of the estimates must be quantified. How much "error" is introduced into the estimates of Australian drainage basins from the leakage of signal from real mass variations elsewhere in the world? What is the smallest drainage basin area that can be investigated in the Australian region, while still achieving estimates of sufficient accuracy to provide useful information? Which of the four international centres generating montly GRACE solutions is the most accurate for the Australian region?
A regional approach has significantly higher resolution than a spherical harmonic approach for detecting the crustal deformation after the 2004 Sumatra earthquake; therefore, it is likely to permit drainage basins of smaller area to be assessed separately. We intend to develop software to generate regional GRACE solutions for studying the Australian drainage basins.


When surveyed and studied – cancer tops the list of life-risking diseases that are critical, severe, and most difficult to treat even in such advanced times. Scientists and medical experts have been working on making possible developments and discover new ways to fight off the disease. A few of the techniques that are currently under the limelight of the medial community include cell and gene therapy. Since certain conditions are known to be genetically inherited when using a single functionally defective gene, the concept of gene therapy argues that the diseases causing gene can be replaced or eliminated by insertion or expression of a normal gene by a process known as gene-replacement therapy.
Cancer Gene Therapy focuses on using recombinant DNA to augment other existing treatments using vaccines as immunotherapeutic. As cancer occurs in the form of a multistep process where there is a variety of somatic gene alterations, correcting all those genes may be a daunting process; since the entirety of the cancer-causing cells may yet be unknown.
Gene replacement therapy is currently being utilized by creating certain cancer vaccines. The vaccines work by training the patient’s immune system to recognize the cancer cells by using highly antigenic and immunostimulatory cells. The cancer cells are harvested from the patient’s body and grown in vitro, where they are modified to be more identifiable by the immune system.
Some gene therapies actually make the cancer cells more sensitive to treatments like chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Inserting the modified genes into cancer cells is still remains a complicated process. Therefore, new ways are being developed that enable the altered genes to be inserted into the cells; another technique is by the use of a carrier called a vector and the most common vectors being used are in the form of viruses as they can quickly enter the cells and deliver the genetic materials. The various gene therapies being studied and experimented on offer hope to the world where cancer is becoming more prevalent, as more and more people are becoming prone to it. Experts speculate cell and gene therapies will bring us closer to finding a definitive cure for the notorious disease.


The ideal conditioning program prepares the body for optimal shape and strength and maintains the body at this level. At the same time, the conditioning program works to minimize the damage that occurs during activity or performance. A poorly conditioned dog is very susceptible to soft tissue damage or joint injury. The goal should be for a long-term healthy body condition for every patient and, for athletes, a long, productive career not just an occasional outing. The conditioning program should be designed to fit your pet’s lifestyle, training, and work or athletic requirements.
Various exercises can be implemented into a conditioning program. The following are examples of exercises for canine conditioning:
- Underwater treadmill: Hydrotherapy utilizes the properties of water, such as buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, viscosity, and resistance to improve physiological function. This exercise is excellent for patients that have arthritic pain, weakness, or neurologic disabilities and dogs that just love the water and/or need a challenge in muscle strengthening.
- Agility exercises: Obstacle course work challenges proprioception, increases range of motion, and aides in strengthening of different muscle groups. Multiple obstacles or challenges can be incorporated into the obstacle course, much like an agility course.
- Physioball exercise: Ball exercises can be implemented to focus on core and limb strengthening and body awareness. These exercises are challenging for the pet throughout the entire body.


Realise there is no self
within the five aggregates
to realise the true self beyond.
But there are significant problems with how Buddhism has been appropriated to fit directly into a Western mind-set and model. Buddhism appealed initially because it seemed to provide an antidote to our ambition and greed. Buddhism and the East were romanticized as the polar opposites of the harried, avaricious West. But Buddhism has, for the most part, been misread, further entrenching some of the more dangerous aspects of Western notions of the individual self.
Take mindfulness, for example. It is based on the concept of detaching yourself and looking upon the world and each moment nonjudgementally, so that things no longer bother you. Mindfulness is hyped widely as a popular technique for gaining peace and serenity in our fast-paced lives. Today it is even promoted as a tool for productivity and effectiveness by business schools, corporations, and the military.
But mindfulness was intended to break down the self. Buddhism is the doctrine of no self, and Buddhist practices as a whole are designed to do away with the notion that any sort of individual self exists. Yet many of these aspects of Buddhism have been discarded, and instead, it has often been distorted as a way of looking within and embracing the self. It has become a form of exotic self-help: the doctrine of no self utilized to help people feel better about themselves.
Michael Puett & Christine Gross-Loh
What Are You Practising Mindfulness For?
Self-Centric mindfulness is a problem anywhere and everywhere, not just in the west.


Piano Lab LESSON Structure
During your lesson, you will do the following activities.
1. Learn and practice music theory
2. Play major and minor scales
3. Sight read
4. Play songs as a group or “ensemble”
5. Play songs as an individual or “soloist”
At home, you can practice using “Shared Piano”, and play piano games that help you identify notes, scales, and keys. Click on the images below to practice and play games now!
Note Identification Game
Identify the Piano Keys Quiz
Piano Key Identification Game 1
Scale Identification Game
Piano Key Identification Game 2
Master Class: Practicing Correctly
Master Class: Wrist Movement
Master Class: Leaps & Position Changes
IGSMA Music Selection
IMPORTANT: Your IGSMA Solo & Ensemble Contest pieces MUST be at least 22 measures long!
MUSIC Library (PRINT)
Free Piano Solos
Free Piano Duets
Click here to view a comprehensive list of all books and songs on site at Laraway School.
MUSIC Library (VIDEO)
Explore the video playlists below to find music you wish to play. I encourage you to select a variety of pieces with different of styles, tempos, keys, etc. The playlists are organized by level.
Level B3 (continued)


Propane is such a crucial part of the energy mix. American-made propane remains abundant and provides comfort and convenience and saves you money. And you don’t get propane blackouts or large groups of people experiencing service interruptions.
That’s why it’s so frustrating that many state and local governments continue to aggressively push for the increased use of electricity in favor of other fuels. This is done either with expensive and discriminatory incentives or onerous regulations.
But “policy-driven electrification” would increase the average residential household cost, result in minimal reductions in emissions and put a severe strain on the electric grid.
The fact is, the electric infrastructure fails us time and time again, causing massive disruption, frustration, and discomfort.
Earlier in August, the devastating derecho storm once again displayed the vulnerability of Iowa’s electricity infrastructure. Hundreds of thousands of people were left without power for days and even longer. The hurricane force winds that topped 100 mph also destroyed about one-third of Iowa’s crops.
The propane industry was able to rescue thousands of customers who have emergency back-up propane generators, but this is only going to get worse. The next time you read about plans to electrify everything, please remember this current disaster and voice your concern to government officials.
Electricity is often touted as a “clean” energy source, but that assertion becomes shaky when you take a closer look.
Browse our site to learn more about the benefits of propane.
*Sources: National Propane Gas Association; Propane Education Research Council.


Reddish Egrets’ dusky pink and grayish-blue tones and energetic racing about to catch fish certainly make this one of the best birds to watch.
Although they are called Reddish Egrets, they actually come in dark and light morphs, although white morphs are rare.
Dark morph Reddish Egrets have blue-gray bodies and cinnamon-toned heads, necks, and breasts. Their bills are pink with a black tips.
White morphs have entirely white bodies. However, they both have straw yellow eyes with darker skin around (lores) and their legs and feet are blue-black.
Juveniles are also dark or white, and adults will mate with either morph.
- Egretta rufescens
- Length: 27 – 32 in (69 – 81 cm)
- Weight: 15.9 oz (451 g)
- Wingspan: 46 in (117 cm)
Reddish Egrets remain all year along the Gulf Coast, East Coast, and Mexico down to northern South America.
Habitat And Diet
You can find Reddish Egrets in open marine flats and shorelines. They also inhabit marshes, shallow bays, and lagoons.
Generally, Reddish Egrets forage and feed alone. They run across shallow, flooded flats in hopes of catching fish. When they’re successful in scaring fish up, they immediately stab them with their beaks.
Reddish Egret Call:
Nests of Reddish Egrets are often in colonies and built by both parents into a platform of sticks. They are usually on protected islands with nearby feeding areas.
The female lays up to seven eggs that take twenty-five days to incubate by both parents. They both care for the young even when they leave the nest and will feed their young for up to nine weeks.
During mating, the male’s feathers puff out and stand out on its head, neck, and back, and he will perform a head toss display and beak snapping.


As we age, our cognitive abilities may start to decline, making it more challenging to complete daily tasks and remember important information. However, a clinical trial suggests that certain nutrients may help improve cognitive performance in older adults.
The study, which was conducted by a team of researchers, investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, and vitamin E on the cognitive performance of healthy individuals aged 65 years and older.
For the trial, participants were randomly assigned to receive either a daily supplement of 1 gram of fish oil, 22 mg of carotenoids, and 15 mg of vitamin E, or a placebo for 24 months.
The study was double-blind, meaning that neither the participants nor the researchers knew which group each participant was in.
After 24 months, the researchers found that the group receiving the active supplement had significantly fewer errors in working memory tasks than the placebo group. Additionally, the active group outperformed the placebo group as the cognitive load of the tasks increased.
The study also found that the active group had higher levels of carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids in their blood than the placebo group. Interestingly, the magnitude of change in the levels of these nutrients in the blood was related to the magnitude of change in working memory performance.
These results suggest that increasing our intake of carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in reducing cognitive decline and dementia risk in later life. The study's findings support the idea that these nutrients work together in a synergistic and dose-dependent manner to improve cognitive performance.
Carotenoids are found in brightly colored fruits and vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes, and spinach. Omega-3 fatty acids are found in fatty fish such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel, as well as in nuts and seeds like chia seeds and flaxseeds. Vitamin E can be found in foods such as almonds, peanuts, and sunflower seeds.
The results of this clinical trial suggest that a combination of omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, and vitamin E may help improve memory performance in older adults. By increasing our intake of these nutrients through a balanced diet or supplements, we may be able to reduce our risk of cognitive decline and improve our overall brain health.


Cordyceps mushroom extract comes from Cordyceps fungus, specifically the Cordyceps militaris species. Cordyceps militaris thrives in mountainous regions and typically grows in China, Tibet, and other East Asian countries. Cordyceps is derived from the Greek word kordyle, which means “club,” and the Latin suffix –ceps, meaning “head.” Cordyceps fungus has been used traditionally for thousands of years.
Cordyceps militaris and other related species are considered endoparasitoid fungi, meaning they are basically parasites. However, Cordyceps militaris, the species used for our Cordyceps mushroom extracts, does not need a host to grow and can be grown on a substrate. Over the years through science and modern research, the many Cordyceps mushroom uses from ancient Tibetan practices are now being verified. Several other Cordyceps Mushroom Extract uses have since been discovered through modern scientific research too.
Evidence shows that Cordyceps mushroom benefits extend to many areas of health. These areas of health include cardiovascular health, cellular health, immune health, and cognitive health. These Cordyceps benefits can be traced to cordycepin, one of the main bioactive compounds in Cordyceps militaris. Cordyceps militaris in particular, carries higher levels of Cordycepin compared to other species of Cordyceps. So what Cordyceps health benefits come from cordycepin?


CDC monitoring cases of drug-resistant ringworm
Two cases of a highly contagious and drug-resistant strain of ringworm have been reported in New York City, leading to concerns among health officials.
The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) is closely monitoring the situation as more doctors observe patients taking longer to respond to medications for the infection.
Ringworm, contrary to popular belief, is not caused by a fungus.
However, this was not the case in the two reported cases in New York City.
The affected individuals were advised not to use creams and instead required weeks of antifungal medication to clear their infections.
The situation raises questions about how this drug-resistant strain emerged and the potential for it to spread to the general public.
One patient developed the rash while traveling in South Asia, an area where fungal infections have become resistant to most drugs.
This resistance is similar to what has been observed with antibiotic resistance, where overuse of drugs leads to decreased effectiveness over time.
According to a dermatologist in New York City, there is currently no threat to the general public.
However, it is important to be aware of the symptoms of ringworm, which include an extremely itchy red rash that is circular in shape, often with a clear center.
The rash can appear anywhere on the body, including the scalp.
If individuals suspect they have ringworm, they are advised to contact a dermatologist rather than attempting to treat it with over-the-counter creams, as self-medication may worsen the problem.
It is also crucial to keep the affected area dry, as ringworm spreads easily, even through bed linens.
The CDC’s monitoring efforts aim to contain the spread of this drug-resistant strain of ringworm and ensure appropriate treatment options are available.
Health officials and medical professionals are working together to address the situation and provide guidance to individuals affected by this concerning development.


10 July 2015 | General Interest
On 22 June the Australian Council of Social Service (ACOSS) released Inequality in Australia: A Nation Divided. This report is the first of its kind, and analyses trends in income and wealth inequality in Australia over the last 20 years.
The report reveals that income inequality in Australia is higher than the OECD average; a person in the top 20% income group has around five times as much income as someone in the bottom 20%; while a person in the top 20% wealth accumulation group has around 70 times more wealth than a person in the bottom 20%. The top 10% of households own 45% of all wealth, most of the remainder of wealth is owned by the next 50% of households, while the bottom 40% of households own just 5% of all wealth.
The report is accompanied by a video, which explains and describes the effects of this growing inequality in a readily accessible and understandable way.
Based on these revealing findings, ACOSS is urging all Australian governments to make addressing growing inequality a top policy priority. Despite increasing levels of income and wealth inequality, the report does note that Australia has a highly redistributive tax transfer system. Our various income, asset and employment tests mean that, as a proportion of overall transfer payments, Australia redistributes more income to the poorest 20% of our population than virtually any other OECD country.
To learn more, access the full report via the ACOSS website.


Marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States: History, current status and future trends
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are diverse phenomena involving multiple. species and classes of algae that occupy a broad range of habitats from lakes to oceans and produce a multiplicity of toxins or bioactive compounds that impact many different resources. Here, a review of the status of this complex array of marine HAB problems in the U.S. is presented, providing historical information and trends as well as future perspectives. The study relies on thirty years (1990–2019) of data in HAEDAT - the IOC-ICES-PICES Harmful Algal Event database, but also includes many other reports. At a qualitative level, the U.S. national HAB problem is far more extensive than was the case decades ago, with more toxic species and toxins to monitor, as well as a larger range of impacted resources and areas affected. (...)
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Anderson, Donald M.; Fensin, Elizabeth; Gobler, Christopher J.; (...); Smith, Juliette L.; and et al, Marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States: History, current status and future trends (2021). Harmful Algae, 102, 101975.


"Gifted best practices are those instructional approaches that are sustainable over time and can be used with any grade level or content curriculum. Gifted best practices are those strategies that support higher level thinking and increased rigor in any lesson plan. Gifted best practices move students from acquisition of knowledge, where the teachers does most of the thinking and work, to assimilation and adaptation of knowledge, where students do both the thinking and the work. Lesson plans that include gifted best practices address high levels of rigor and relevance for all students. Students of all abilities and aptitudes, not just gifted students, benefit from these. Programs, such as Junior Great Books, are valuable tools that may be used to address specific student needs or a particular purpose, and may utilize best practices, but are a resource."
What it Means to Teach Gifted Learners Well
The Role and Importance of Process- "Why do I have to show my work if I can do it in my head?" This article for parents and teachers explores both the points of view on whether or not gifted students should show his/her work.
Website on iPads/Technology that Support Rigorous Instruction
Higher Order Thinking
Begin with Highest Level Learner in Mind by Lisa Van Gemert the Gifted Guru
The Differentiator-use this tool to quickly and easily differentiate learning objectives
Literacy Supports for Advanced Learners
Respondo!- Don't just ask students to "identify the conflict" or "note the setting." Use Respondo! to click up some creative literature response questions.
Math Supports for Advanced Learners
Ethics in Math- ways to raise the bar for mathematical thinkers
Gifted Resources Available for Checkout
DID YOU KNOW...
Gifted and Talented has professional books, enrichment kits, Jacob's Ladder, Envision, and Junior Great Books available for check out?
Professional Learning & Textbook Library Checkout
Try the search terms "gifted and talented," "differentiation," "acceleration," "depth and complexity," or "Junior Great Books" to search through Destiny. Click below to log in and search the catalog of professional resources and classroom resources available for checkout.


Gadd9 Chord (also known as G2 guitar chord)
This chord is often called G2 guitar chord, but the correct way to spell it is G add 9 (G major with an added 9th).
The intervals in this chord are Root, Major Third, Perfect Fifth, and Major Ninth
Different notations for the Gadd9 chord:
- G Major Ninth Added
- G Maj9
- G Maj Add 9
The G Major Ninth Added chord is composed of the notes G, B, D, and A
Notes that compose the G add9 chord:
Chord structure of the Major Ninth Added chord:
How To Play The Gadd9 chord on guitar
Chord boxes are sorted from the easiest to the hardest. Learn how to read chord diagrams.
If you have difficulties with bar chord shapes, check the Bar Chords Tips tutorial.
Want a printable pdf?
Download the Free Guitar Chords Chart Pdf


Learn about setting short-term goals during a throwing and catching activity.
Aim high! Make a plan to reach you goals!
Say: Let’s see if you can solve some riddles about the four parts of fit. I will give you a clue, then you guess whether I am talking about recharge, mood, food, or move. (Practice each movement before you read the riddle clues that follow.)
Here are the clues:
You can set recharge, mood, food, or move goals to make healthy choices. Goals can be big (long-term goals), like wanting to be an astronaut or playing on a professional sports team, or small (short-term goals), like drinking water instead of soda or turning off screens in the evening. Goals always start with a plan. Without a plan, a goal is just a wish.
To set a goal, remember G-O-A-L-S:
The number one thing you need to know is to set a goal, you need a plan!
Today we are going to practice setting goals. You will do throwing and catching activities, then make a plan and set a goal to improve your throwing and catching skills.
Describe a goal you will work on this week. What is your plan?
Use movement to show preferences for healthy recharge, mood, food, and move choices.Play Game
Use movement to show what influences your healthy choices.Play Game
Learners practice healthy recharge, mood, food, and move choices at fit activity stations.Play Game


What Does An Accountant Do?
An accountant performs a variety of duties for clients including journal entries, account reconciliations, preparing financial statements, and any other financial-related work that needs to be done for an organization.
How Do I Become An Accountant?
A four-year bachelor’s degree in accounting is necessary to obtain this position. A higher degree (master’s) in a related field, which may take an additional two-three years to earn, may lead to more opportunities. Learn more about these degrees below.
What is the Average Salary For An Accountant?
High – 120,000
Median – 65,000
Low – 36,000
What Courses Should I Take To Become An Accountant?
- Math – As much as possible!
- English – As much as possible!
- Public Speaking
What Is The Work Environment For An Accountant?
An accountant can potentially work for any organization.
What Is The Future Outlook For An Accountant?
The job outlook for this position looks good over the next 10 years, keeping in mind that geographical differences may exist.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook
- Explore Careers, Labour Market Information, Government of Canada


Comparative research of advanced programming language options. Packages created in Java supply portability in a community. Verb (used with object), programmed or programed, programming or programing. Use a bit of paper to maintain track of the x and y variables if you might want to. If the above is not clear, stop and re-learn this part or the one on variables.
In the second instance above you’d first get to the “print dog” assertion and do not know what the variable canine was referring to. Completely different languages react in a different way when they run into this problem. The float kind, which has a smaller vary, was used at one time as a result of it was quicker than the double when dealing with thousands or hundreds of thousands of floating-level numbers.
Having somebody that’s actually good at laptop programming in your aspect will help you provide you with many creative ideas. Debugging is a vital process within the software improvement course of since having defects in a program can have vital consequences for its customers.
New languages are generally designed across the syntax of a prior language with new performance added, (for instance C++ provides object-orientation to C, and Java adds reminiscence administration and bytecode to C++, but in consequence, loses effectivity and the flexibility for low-level manipulation).
Once more the pc will compare depend to 1, and since 2 is bigger than or equal to 1, it’ll print the assertion, lower count to 1, loop back up, examine depend with 1, and since 1 is larger than or equal to 1, display the phrase and reduce the variable rely to zero.


Date & Time: Sunday September 2nd, 2018 at 4pm
Venue: Auditorium between Bldg. 2/3
Light refreshments will be provided.
Abstract: Given the vast abundance and inexhaustibility of sunlight, tapping into solar energy to produce clean water is a viable solution to current global challenges of water scarcity and clean energy shortage. The presentation will cover two topics: (1) solar-driven steam generation and solar crystallizer for brine treatment with zero liquid discharge. In these systems, photothermal materials are employed to capture and convert sunlight to heat and the generated heat in turn is used to produce water vapor. The choices of photothermal materials and the evolution of photothermal architectures will be reviewed. Recent development in solar crystallizer will be presented. (2) Sunlight-assisted atmospheric water harvesting. The effective water sorbents collect water vapor from dry air and the saturated sorbents are then heated up via photothermal conversion to release and subsequently condense and produce clean water. Common salts based water sorbents, simple all-in-one devices, and their performances will be presented.
Biography: Professor Peng Wang is an associate professor in Environmental Science and Engineering program at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). He received his Ph.D. degree from the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) in 2008. His research focuses on rational design, synthesis, and application of nanomaterials toward sustainable-energy driven clean water production.


As a culminating event to an orienteering unit, first-graders took their learning outside with GPS units. Under the guidance of fifth-grade student leaders, the first graders learned how to program and navigate with the GPS units.
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology that is obviously embedded in our students’ everyday lives. This technology can help students explore real-world problems in an interdisciplinary and engaging way. When you combine this technology, with gamification, you get geocaching. Geocaching is an activity of hunting for and finding a hidden object by means of GPS coordinates.
To prepare for the navigation activity, the fifth-grade student leaders set up a geocaching course for the first graders. During the outdoor activity, students work in groups and used GPS units to locate various waypoints in the schoolyard at BFA that were hidden but the fifth-grade leaders to gather puzzle pieces.
First-graders persevered as teams to navigate and seek the geocaches using their problem-solving skills to reach their goal of finding the hidden caches. Each team member took turns in different roles as they helped contribute to their teams.
After successfully finding all 25 geocaches, the first-grade team returned to their classes and used the puzzle pieces they had gathered to completed the final stage of the challenge, making a final map.
A special thanks to the hardworking fifth-grade student leaders who made this all possible. Their leadership with the lower grades students was a valuable lesson for all.


American alligators have been in existence for more than 150 million years, rare survivors from the time of the dinosaurs — so it’s fair to say they have this whole “staying alive” thing down pat.
But last week’s bomb cyclone, which brought extreme winter weather to much of the East Coast, helped reveal one of alligators’ most fascinating survival techniques.
North Carolina’s Shallotte River Swamp Park is home to 12 alligators rescued from captivity. As the recent extreme weather system moved through the area, the water they inhabit froze over.
So, rather than allow themselves to get trapped under the ice, or risk freezing in the colder air above, the alligators did this instead.
They protruded just the tips of their noses through the surface as it iced over, allowing themselves to breathe while remaining mostly submerged.
The park’s general manager, George Howard, captured the clever behavior on video, describing the alligators (rightfully) as “survival machines.”
Though this behavior is news to some, it’s actually been described before. According to an early online publication from the Florida Museum of Natural History:
“Adult alligators can survive freezing conditions if they are in water. They submerge their body but keep their nostrils projecting above the water surface, so that when the surface freezes they can still breathe (called the “icing response”) … Yet another example of their amazing ability to survive.”
Using this technique isn’t the only way these creatures cope with the cold. Similar to hibernation in mammals, when temperatures drop, alligators enter into a state of brumation, wherein their metabolism slows as a way of preserving energy.
Fortunately, the alligators weren’t under ice for too long.
On Tuesday, Shallotte River Swamp Park reported that the ice had thawed and the alligators were once again free.
Amazing articles. How many days do they stay submerged? Winter is a long season. Thank you


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A collection of articles with strategies and guidelines for 21st century teaching practice. There are also resources to help guide 21st century skills and production of learning.
This is my Symbaloo on 21st century teaching and learning. Here you will find websites and videos that will help some understand 21st century education.
Resources for innovative leaders
This is a research webmix about Theatre of the Absurd, Samuel Beckett, Eugene Ionesco, and Waiting for Godot to be used in a theatre history unit in an Intro to Theatre class
21st Century Skills in Starcraft
This webmix holds the games, activities and resources for kindergarten students and their teachers from Century Elementary School in Park Rapids, MN.
Links for 3rd graders at Park Rapids Century Elementary School.
This is a research webmix for an Intro to Theatre course where students study early 20th century theatre legends such as Stanislavski, method acting, Oscar Wilde, vaudeville, and Minstrel shows.


Practicum (ADED 42292) is an important part of the one-year internship associated with the licensure program. It complements your specialty methods courses and student teaching with a fall placement at your student teaching site. During this time, you will gradually get to know different aspects of what it means to be a teacher in the context of the school in which you are teaching that spring.
Purpose of Practicum and Assignments
There are several assignments to complete within the Practicum course. These will help you begin to understand and think about specific aspects of the multifaceted world of teaching in a focused manner. These assignments have been ordered in a specific fashion to increase your involvement in the school in a conscious, deliberate way, as well as to fit with your developmental needs as a growing professional.
School Culture Visual and Print Essay
With this assignment, you will examine the culture of the community in which your school resides and consider how this culture will impact your instructional decision-making. Understanding where your students come from will help you understand how to make lessons more meaningful for them.
School Personnel Interviews
After the School Culture Visual and Print Essay, you will then complete interviews with the intervention specialist and the disciplinary principal of the school. This will help you meet the individuals; learn about their expectations, and how you can fit within the school.
Lesson Observation Forms
During September, you will meet with your mentor to decide the focus of your integrated unit. You will design a pre-assessment, administer it, analyze it, and plan a ten day unit for your methods course. You will then teach during the end of October and/or beginning of November. While you teach this unit, your practicum instructor will observe your teaching.
- Analysis of Videotaped Lesson (PDF)
- As you teach, you will video tape yourself and analyze the video.
- Analysis of Student Evaluations (PDF)
- After viewing the video, you will gather and analyze feedback from students on your teaching.
- Time Sheet (PDF)


Why measure pH?
- To prepare a buffer solution at a controlled pH level necessary for carrying out chemical or biological experiments in optimal conditions.
- To monitor and direct a chemical reaction and/or the transformation process of food.
What is pH?
According to Sørensen, pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydronium ions, H3O+, resulting from the dissociation of molecules:
When the H3O+ ion concentration changes by a factor of 10, the pH changes by 1 unit.
pH = –log [H3O+]
What is pH neutral?
Not only acids and bases dissociate to form hydronium or hydroxyl ions, pure water also dissociates to form these ions:
Kw is the dissociation constant of this reaction, also called the self-ionization of water :
2 H2O ⇔ H3O+ + OH–
The solution is neutral for equal quantities of H3O+ and OH–.
Kw = [H3O+][OH–] = 10–14 mol/L (25 ºC)
This is the case when concentrations of [H3O+] and [OH–] are 10–7 mol/L, i.e. pH 7.


Sri Lanka at a glanceby: Dhananji Liyanarachchi
February 20, 2016
Sri Lanka – the island of serendipity – rises from tropical sandy beaches into cool highland regions, rich with temples and tea plantations shrouded in mist
Travel in Sri Lanka: vital stats
- Capital of Sri Lanka: Colombo
- Population of Sri Lanka: 22 million
- Languages in Sri Lanka: Sinhala, Tamil, English
- Time in Sri Lanka: GMT+5.5
- International dialing code for Sri Lanka: +94
- Voltage in Sri Lanka: 230V 50Hz AC
- Visas for Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka visas
- Money in Sri Lanka: Sri Lankan rupee (RP). Credit cards and travellers cheques are widely accepted although credit card fraud is a problem. There are ATMs in major cities.
- Travel advice for Sri Lanka: Foreign & Commonwealth Office
- Sri Lanka tourist board: Sri Lanka Tourism
When to go to Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka has two monsoons. The south, west and the hills are driest from December to March, while the dry season in the north and east runs from April to September. It’s generally warm all year, but far cooler in the hills. The dates of the Kandy Esala Perahera festival are based on lunar cycles, but the ten-day extravaganza is always in July or August. To see the elephants at Minneriya, visit from July to September.
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The German cockroach is one of the smaller house roaches. It is muddy brown in color and has two parallel strips on the head shield. Adults measure 5/8 of an inch long. The German cockroach is the most common roach infesting homes and apartment buildings in Kansas.
The American cockroach is the largest of common roaches. Adults measure from 1 . to 2 inches long and are light reddish-brown in color. Both sexes have fully developed wings and fly fairly readily. This large, native roach is a common pest in restaurants, grocery stores and hotels.
The oriental cockroach is black or reddish brown in all stages and is about 5/8 inch long. It’s soiling of food and roachy odor make it one of the most undesirable house pests. It does some injury to grain and milk products. In homes, it is most often found in basements.
Smokey Brown Roach
Brown cockroach is a large species of cockroach, winged, and growing to a length of 1 1/4″-1 3/8″. It is brown in color. It is closely related to the American cockroach however is easily distinguishable from it. It has a uniformly dark brown mahogany color. Its thorax is dark and shiny, unlike the light rimmed pattern of the American cockroach. It does well in moist conditions and it seems to be most commonly concentrated in moist concealed areas. It can feed off a wide array of organic (including decaying) matter like most cockroaches, it is a scavenger. It tends to lose more moisture than its relatives and requires water every 2-3 days. It may come indoors to look for food, and even to live, however, in warm weather it may move outdoors and enter buildings looking for food.
Pennsylvania Wood Roach
The wood roach can be found beneath the bark on rotting logs and stumps and is rarely found in homes. Adults measure 1 to 1 . inches long. Their color is dark brownish-black with a light boarder on the front margins of the wings and around the pronotal shield. Both sexes have fully developed wings and fly readily. It is not a household pest in Kansas.


Vingt deux années d'exploration dans le Nord de la Chine, en Manchourie, en Mongolie et au Bas-Tibet. (1914-1935).
Tientsin [Tianjin], Musée Hoang ho Pai ho, . Folio (30.9 x 23.0 cm). 42 pp.; numerous illustrations; one very large, double-folded map in two colours showing the itineraries of Licent's expeditions. Original pictorial wrappers.
The author's copy. Written by the French Jesuit trained as a natural historian. Émile Licent (1876-1952). "...He spent more than twenty-five years researching in Tianjin. His expeditions spread across various parts of Northern and Central China (including the provinces of Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau). Upon his first arrival at Tianjin in 1914, he established the Musée Hoangho Paiho (it was known as the 'Beijiang Museum' among the Chinese), one of the earliest of its kind in China. The Museum survived the Second World War and changed its name to Tianjin Natural History Museum (TMNH) in 1952. He was a colleague of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin in conducting archaeological research in northern provinces of China in the 1920s...Nothing much is known about his life or religious activities in France before and after his stay in China." (Wikipedia). Vicent's autograph in the top margin of the front free endpaper. Small, round stamp "Archigymnas. Insulensis Cathol." (a gymnasium in Lille, France) on the front wrapper, which may suggest that he retreated to Lille after his stay in China. This work describes the museum he founded, and still exists. Wrappers slightly age-toned, front wrapper with a weak fold in lower outer corner, otherwise in excellent condition. Rare. We have never seen another copy.


Topic: "This Day in History"(3)
Frodo has wondered, often, about the parallels of history. It is much more than a statistical fact that some things happen when they happen because of the time of year. Suicides, for example, occur with frequency during the holiday seasons, amid periods of great joy, when depression is accentuated for those who suffer. Frodo enjoys marking events on the date that they occur, and to compare them with prior history. It is, to some, mildly amusing to note that Frodo was born on the date which 17 years previously would forever become known as "Black Friday." Frodo adds, in his defense, that his birth actually occurred on a Wednesday, and the New York Stock Exchange has been on an upward spiral ever since.
Prohibition, and the Constitutional Amendment which brought it into being, ended 75 years ago today. The social engineering of the time helped to produce the growth of Organized Crime. J. Edgar Hoover, a meglomaniac of substantial proportions, rose to become an influence on the subsequent course of the Cold War. Federal regulation was extended into the mountains and the valleys occupied by those with little, if any, prior involvement with their national government. And, of course, people died, either because of violence or by the poison produced to meet the consumer demand.
Perhaps, someday, someone such as Frodo, will make the parallel to the Pre-Emptive War and note that the unintended consequences which it propelled upon history were just as mindless. Frodo, however, would simply prefer to note that on that exact same day, 75 years ago, one of his all-time favorite people came into being. Frodo is struck by the fact that as the madness ended, so did it begin in an entirely different format.
What would our world be like without Little Richard?
Happy Birthday! Frodo tips, legally, his glass to you.


What is Etherum (ETH) The second cryptocurrency in the world.
Ethereum is an open source, public, blockchain-based distributed computing platform and operating system featuring smart contract (scripting) functionality. It supports a modified version of Nakamoto consensus via transaction-based state transitions. Ether is a cryptocurrency generated by the Ethereum platform and used to compensate mining nodes for computations performed. Each Ethereum account has an ether balance and ether may be transferred from one account to another.
Ethereum provides a decentralized virtual machine, the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), which can execute scripts using an international network of public nodes. The virtual machine's instruction set, in contrast to others like Bitcoin Script, is thought to be Turing-complete. "Gas", an internal transaction pricing mechanism, is used to mitigate spam and allocate resources on the network
Ethereum was proposed in late 2013 by Vitalik Buterin, a cryptocurrency researcher and programmer. Development was funded by an online crowdsale that took place between July and August 2014. The system then went live on 30 July 2015, with 72 million coins "premined". This accounts for about 68 percent of the total circulating supply in 2019.
In 2016, as a result of the exploitation of a flaw in The DAO project's smart contract software, and subsequent theft of $50 million worth of ether, Ethereum was split into two separate blockchains – the new separate version became Ethereum (ETH) with the theft reversed, and the original continued as Ethereum Classic (ETC).
“Smart contracts are applications that run exactly as programmed without any possibility of downtime, censorship, fraud or third-party interference.”


Below are a few of the many mistakes made in English VERBALLY AND NON-VERBALLY and how they can be corrected.
Apostrophes may not be noticeable while speaking but it completely changes the meaning of the message being delivered when used wrongly in a sentence.
Janes file is over there.
Jane’s file is over there.
The computer’s aren’t working.
The computers aren’t working.
- THE COULDS/ WOULDS:
The basic difference between a “could” and “would” is that one expresses the possibility of doing it in future with some doubt and the other is the possibility of doing it with confidence.
I could have made a better presentation.
I would have done it sooner.
This again may sound the same while speaking but are completely different when used in written English.
The books are kept over there.
Their photographs aren’t ready yet.
- DEGREES OF COMPARISON:
There are various degrees of comparison like:
But there are some words whose degrees of comparison are different:
Beautiful cannot be beautifuller<beautifullest
- IN/ AT/ BY:
These are prepositions that are used mostly to describe or speak about time.
- Please be there in time.
- I shall reach office by 6 in the evening.
- Office starts at 9 in the morning.


نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
دانشجوی دکتری (سطح چهار) جامعه المصطفی(ص) العالمیه و کارشناس ارشد فقه و اصول
عنوان مقاله [English]
Real perceptions are the mental reflections of realities on the ground whereas arbitary perceptions are assumptions which mind makes in order to meet its vital needs. They are based on contract, supposition and consideration. There are two opinions concerning the logical inferential relation between real and arbitrary perceptions. According to one opinion that was originally presented by Muhaqqiq Isfahani and followed by Allama Tabatabei, Martyr Mutahhari and Imam Khomeini, there is no logical relation between the two. According to the other, however, there is a logical inferential relation between real perceptions and arbitrary perceptions in case the latter is supported by the realities on the ground. Based on the above-mentioned epistemological principle, the followers of the first opinion do not use real or factual perceptions in theological issues and if a thing as such happens they take it as confusion between reality and arbitrariness. However based on the correct opinion held by most theologians and philosophers, it is correct to use real and factual perceptions in theological issues. Theologians have mostly dealt with factual perceptions as an epistemic presupposition. They have used such perceptions both in theological definitions as well as in theological argumentations. Based on this opinion, theological issues form part of factual perceptions. In case they do not, they are not mere suppositions, but are instead rooted in facts.


With the news that the UK's parliamentarians (The House of Commons Environmental Audit Committee) dislike the slow progress in creating marine protection reserves, the blueprint is hopefully laid. Our future depends on these reserves, worldwide. In the ocean's equivalent of "built-up areas," kelp beds, corals and sea-grass have disappeared and are fast approaching the point of no return. If we can't rescue these NE Atlantic coasts, this could mean the end for most marine life that survives anywhere near our cities and industries.
The European Parliament has recommended the establishment of no-take zones where fish stocks can recover in 10-20% of each nation's territorial waters. The UK's ambitious plans for 127 Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) incorporated different types of conservation action in the areas best suited for conservation effort, but sadly fell short of that aim. No-take zones are possibly the sticking point, but not all MCZs would include no-take zones. That admirable plan covered more than the recommended territorial area, reaching a full 27% of the UK marine environment. Government shifts to try and reject 96 of the proposed sites would seem to block the whole idea. 27 MCZ only have been designated, with a further37 in 2015.
Throughout Europe, Mediterranean red corals remain one of the few successful protection efforts, in a very small set of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) near Corsica. A rather limited whale sanctuary exists around France, Monaco and Italy. Both of these reserves seem very unsuccessful as the Mediterranean acidifies and warms, destroying corals and, "snail-reefs." This was revealed by research directed by the University of Barcelona's in Mediterranean Demise.
If the British Isles fail to recover their over-fished part of the wild Atlantic, there seems little hope for the Baltic and the remaining Atlantic coastal fringes either.
Compare potential areas to the huge Pacific reserves such as that in the Cook Islands with more than 1.1million square km/around 400,000 square miles Even the US, with its giant MPA, admittedly around Hawaii (the 140,000 square mile/360,000 square km PapahÄnaumokuÄkea Marine National Monument) is now enlarging MPAs. Europe does seem to lag behind. The continent only leads in long-term exploitation, especially with fish stocks.


Chiltepins are a wild relative of domesticated peppers that grow throughout Mexico and in some pockets of the US. In the State of Sonora chiltepins are the predominant ingredient in salsas and are pickled. Harvested in large quantities from the Rio Sonora Valley chiltepins are distributed for commercial sale throughout the region. Not only are chiltepíns culturally and economically valuable but they are an important component of the local ecology. I gathered a diversity of information through in-depth interviews and surveys with harvesters, buyers, and landowners as well as visiting several of the harvesting areas. An interdisciplinary approach to research from both a landscape and human perspective reveals that a diversity of factors influence both the harvest and conservation of this important plant. Land tenure, agricultural potential of land, access to harvesting grounds, and personal relationships are significant in the commercial management and conservation of chiltepins.
The next stage in my research is to analyze the data that I collected and gather and analyze data on the communities and landscapes where I conducted the research. I would like to work with one or two research assistant(s) in the following ways:
- Conduct literature searches for a long list of references that I am hoping to use
- Using an INEGI data base along with other digital data collected at different agencies while I was in Mexico last fall, find information such as socio-economic and climate data for the general region and individual communities where I researched;
- Work with me to analyze the data and present it in table and graph format
- Enter data from household surveys that I collected in the Fall 2009 and work with me to do summary statistics. Present data in graph and table formats;
- Depending on the student and time availability, write collaboratively based on some of the above data.
Working with student research assistants would give me the chance to not only teach students about some of the methods used by geographers and my research specifically but really contribute to the amount of work that we as a team could accomplish. I have worked with several students in the three years that I have been at Willamette and I found the experiences to be rewarding on a personal level as well as the end product being research that I could not have accomplished on my own.


ÖlmusubarnOld Norwegian Dictionary - ölmusubarn
Meaning of Old Norwegian word "ölmusubarn" (or ǫlmusubarn) in Norwegian.
As defined by the Johan Fritzer's Old Norwegian dictionary:
- ölmusubarn (ǫlmusubarn)
- ölmusubarn, n. fattigt, hjælpeløst Barn;er þú vart borinn, þá vartu kastaðrfyrir kirkjudyrr ins helga Sendinis, okvartu þar fundinn sem ölmusubarnKlm. 4008.
Part of speech: n
Orthography: Johan Fritzner's dictionary used the letter ö to represent the original Old Norwegian (or Old Norse) vowel ǫ. Therefore, ölmusubarn may be more accurately written as ǫlmusubarn.
Possible runic inscription in Medieval Futhork:ᚯᛚᛘᚢᛋᚢᛒᛆᚱᚿ
Medieval Runes were used in Norway from 11th to 15th centuries.
Futhork was a continuation of earlier Younger Futhark runes, which were used to write Old Norse.
Also available in related dictionaries:
This headword also appears in dictionaries of other languages related to Old Norwegian.


Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education
Cumulative Experience of Educational Assets from Preschool through First Grade and the Social-emotional Well-being of English- and Spanish-Speaking Children
Children’s social and emotional experiences influence brain development and are therefore central to outcomes of behavior, learning, and health. The current study examined associations between children’s cumulative educational assets in the early grades and end of first grade social-emotional outcomes for children from English- and Spanish-speaking families. Data were drawn from a sample of preschool-aged children (N = 1,132) from low-income families in a large, culturally, and linguistically diverse sample followed annually from pre-kindergarten through first grade. A multi-method, multi-informant approach was used to assess predictor and outcome variables. Results indicate overall that cumulative experiences of educational assets (teacher-student interaction and relationships, parent-teacher communication) were associated with indicators of children’s social-emotional well-being and matter in similar ways for children from English- and Spanish-speaking families. However, we did find some evidence of significant interactions of Spanish as a home language with cumulative educational assets on children’s conduct problems and feelings about peers.
Nguyen, Tutrang; Hofkens, Tara; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; and Ruzek, Erik A.
"Cumulative Experience of Educational Assets from Preschool through First Grade and the Social-emotional Well-being of English- and Spanish-Speaking Children,"
Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education: Vol. 5:
1, Article 6.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/perspectives/vol5/iss1/6


Etymology of Psychology
The Latin psychologia with psycho meaning ‘of the soul, spirit, psyche, or mind’ and logia from the Greek word logos which ‘denotes the characters, actions, or departments of knowledge’ that precedes the logos. A simpler translation would be ‘the study of’ Meaning that psychology is the study of the soul, the spirit, the psyche, or the mind.
What is Psychology Now?
The Oxford English Dictionary defines Psychology as:
The scientific study of the nature, functioning, and development of the human mind, including the faculties of reason, emotion, perception, communication, etc.; the branch of science that deals with the (human or animal) mind as an entity and in its relationship to the body and to the environmental or social context, based on observation of the behaviour of individuals or groups of individuals in particular (ordinary or experimentally controlled) circumstances.
Note that the spirit or soul is not mentioned in our contemporary concept of psychology? Relationships between the individual and their environment, their socio-economic status, their body, are all major factors but what about a person’s relationship with the unknown?
The Unknown by other named is a God, the mystery, abyss, infinite, Zero, singularity, the original principle.
What impact does our relationship with the Eternal have on the way we communicate and behave ?
The former is the kind of question a psychologist might ask.
In the Nineteenth Century Parapsychology was perceived as a development of a fanciful intellectual system:
“1887 Science 27 May 511/1 The term ‘para-psychology’ may be invented to apply to those weirdly imaginative systems of thought by which some intellects strive to satisfy their inner longings, and to make the world seem rational.”
“Fanciful” and “weirdly imaginative” seem like overly subjective terms for scientific publication! However, I think the difficulty people had with para-psychology is that it studies what is beyond traditional logic and rational thought because the causes and effects are often unmeasurable. What these linear thinkers forget is that at one time all science was thought to be magic.


While the world celebrates Environment Day on June 5, Canadian celebrations last a little longer. Around the same time, precisely the second Sunday of June, we focus on our waterbodies and celebrate Canadian Rivers Day.
Canadian Rivers Day is a relatively young tradition, started only in 2002. This day is the brainchild of the then Minister of Canadian Heritage Sheila Copps. Her proposal got strong encouragement from the Canadian Heritage Rivers Board, who were already working to conserve the traditions surrounding the rivers in Canada.
This day is closely related to the B.C. Rivers Day, that has been around for a couple of decades. Though celebrated at different times in the year, their aim remains the same: making Canadians aware of their river heritage and why it is important for them to conserve it in this delicate state of the atmosphere.
While rivers remain on the forefront of this day, it has been extended to include other waterbodies too. Conservation efforts also discuss the harmful effects of dumping plastic in lakes. Celebrations also emphasize how to prevent pollution from entering the lake.
Other celebrations include canoeing, boating, rafting, and cycling along the banks of the rivers for understanding their beauty. The simplest way of celebrating this day is by being out on the lake, enjoying a family picnic on the banks of a river, or taking a walk along the banks with a loved one.


Man up. Tough it out. These phrases are all too familiar to many people. When we experience a problem, we are often told to ignore our feelings and end up pushing the pain further and further inside ourselves. Although this seems like an easy solution, denying that we are feeling upset and suppressing our emotions doesn’t make our problems disappear. In the long run, it actually harms our mental wellness.
Sadness, anger, hatred, disappointment, and other so called “negative” emotions are just as important as happiness. Expressing these emotions isn’t a sign of weakness. In fact, it takes strength to show vulnerability. The important thing is to accept the pain as a normal response to hardship and find a healthy way to cope with these emotions. Everyone is different and some coping strategies will work better for you than others. Below are a few ways to cope with anger and sadness by experiencing your feelings.
Crying: Crying can help relieve stress, clear your head, and connect you to your feelings. Life can be very overwhelming, and releasing bottled up energy through crying can be energizing and help you better understand your situation. Crying also flushes out toxins and chemicals that increase stress hormones.
Physical Venting: Releasing negative energy in an active or physical way can be relieving and prevents anger from festering inside yourself. Exercise, screaming, scream singing, or punching a pillow are all helpful ways for people to release their frustration and calm down. Furthermore, exercise releases muscle tension which is key to physical relaxation.
Meditation: Meditation can be a great way to focus on the present. When you feel upset or angry about something, such as a fight with a family member or friend, it is important to re-center yourself. This helps you better comprehend your feelings and prevents rash actions. Paying attention to your breathing, imagining yourself in a calm setting, or even listening to music can help you manage your stress and mentally prepare you to address difficult situations.
There are many other effective ways to calm down and release stress in tough situations. Regardless of what method works best for you, being able to experience your difficult emotions instead of pretending that everything is fine helps you cope with hardships in a healthy way, which is key to both mental wellness and moving forward.
— Anusha, 15 years old


Color in Natural Colored Diamonds
Origin, Rarity and Formation
When we hear the word "diamond", the first thing that comes in our mind is a colorless sparkling stone with no hue. However some diamonds do can exhibit natural color. Yet very few people are aware about the existence of these colored diamonds.
A diamond is categorized as a Natural Color Diamond by a gemological lab if it has a noticeable body hue when viewed from both side and face up position.
Yellow brown and gray are more common while pink, blue, violet and red are considered as extremely rare.
As per geology.com out of 100,000 diamonds only a few will have these colors. The colors are classified to have intensities ranging from faint, very light, light, fancy light, fancy, fancy intense, fancy deep to fancy vivid. With intensity of color, the rarity of diamond also increases and hence its investment value.
The formation of color diamond is an natural chemical and atomic structural process. For example, the color may be due to the substitution of nitrogen atoms for carbon in the diamond crystal lattice.
Color diamonds are generally found in South America, Africa, Southern Asia, Northern Asia, and western region of Australia. Most of today's color diamond today come from Australia, Russia and Africa.


"Blue slime" at the bottom of the ocean puzzles researchers
The deep sea is perhaps the least explored corner of the planet, where scientists continue to discover new curiosities. One of them puzzled researchers just a few weeks ago.
According to Live Science, researchers have discovered strange mucus-like formations in the shape of a drop at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea. They were first spotted on 30 August while exploring the seabed near Santa Cruz Island (US Virgin Islands) using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The blue mucus droplets were found at a depth of 407 to 611 metres.
The mysterious creatures were found by members of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) expedition, which has been studying the North Atlantic for the past four months. During the work, the scientists were broadcasting live, which could be watched by deep-sea diving enthusiasts from all over the world.
It was in one such stream that unusual dark blue creatures appeared in the frame. Some researchers suggested that it could be a soft coral or sponge, or even a shell - a shaking marine invertebrate, sometimes called an ascidian. Some scientists have jokingly suggested the names "gelatinous blue stuff", "blue biomat" and "blue slime".
Despite the fact that the scientists did not come to a unanimous opinion about what they found, they decided what the discovery could not be. "I can tell you that it's not a rock, but that's all I can do," one researcher joked.
The creature has now been photographed and several videos have been taken to begin the process of identifying it. First, the footage will be shown to coral and sponge experts. But even for them, this task will not be easy, because there are about 2000 species of soft corals, almost 8500 species of sponges and about 3000 species of shells in the world. If the experts fail to identify the creature, the scientists will try to get a sample of it from the seabed for closer study.
As OBOZREVATEL wrote, the mysterious creatures, which were thrown on the beach in Australia, frightened tourists with a "dance of death", which they performed.


A use for waste
A world first bio plant for handling unsorted household waste is going to be built in Northwich, Cheshire by DONG Energy. It will be the first bio plant in the world to handle unsorted household waste, without prior treatment, using enzymes. The groundbreaking new technology, called REnescience, has been developed by DONG Energy and tested at a demonstration plant in Copenhagen since 2009.
Now the world’s first commercial full-scale plant will be built in Northwich, meaning a much larger proportion of UK household waste can be recycled and converted into biogas energy.
DONG Energy will finance, build and operate the plant, which will be operational in 2017. Around 150 people will be involved during the peak phase of construction, with an average of 75 at any given time. The plant will also require around 24 full-time local employees to operate it.
Brent Cheshire, DONG Energy’s UK Country Chairman, said: “It’s fantastic to see the world’s first bio plant of this type being built in Northwich, underlining the UK is once again leading the way in renewable energy. This new plant also highlights our commitment to investing in the Northern Powerhouse.
“REnescience is a brilliant new technology and generates as many resources as possible from everyday household waste. This new bio plant will see us handling waste in a much smarter way.”
The REnescience plant in Northwich will be able to receive unsorted household waste, which – through enzyme treatment – will be converted into biogas as well as recyclable plastics and metals. The biogas is converted to green power via gas engines.
The plant will have an annual capacity of 120,000 tonnes of waste, which is equivalent to the waste from almost 110,000 UK households. The waste will be supplied by the UK waste management company FCC Environment, which already collects household waste in the Northwich region.
The design and planning of the plant in Northwich has been completed, and the site has been awarded planning permission. DONG Energy expects construction work to begin in February 2016, with the plant being commissioned in early 2017.


Plans and maps
Larger documents such as maps and construction drawings
show specific damage patterns that are primarily caused by their unwieldy format - kinks or folds cause cracks and breaks that destabilize the material. Regardless of whether it is rag or machine paper, parchment paper, blueprints or cardboard, storage, whether rolled or flat, is often the starting point for mechanical damage, especially in the edge areas.
General loss of moisture
makes paper brittle and brittle and often leads to further damage when unfolded and unrolled. The first step is always to condition the material. In a specially developed humidity chamber, the fibers are given the necessary elasticity by enriching the moisture content in the fiber cells. In this way we can unroll the documents and lay them out without damaging them any further.
The actual restoration and stabilization starts
after the papers have sufficient elasticity again. There are additional work steps, such as fiberising with paper fibers to close imperfections and cracks, but also fiberising the entire sheet in the edge zones in the case of particularly badly damaged edges. It is often useful to stabilize the entire sheet or card. In these cases, the back is fastened with Japanese paper or other material-appropriate carriers. The introduction of alkaline chemicals to buffer negative acids is possible and appropriate.
Removal of old backing materials, adhesive tapes and self-adhesive tapes and other individual treatments are available if necessary. In order to ensure that the original can be used safely in the future, we recommend a polyester bag that is open on both sides. This gives the original protection from mechanical damage and at the same time does not restrict atmospheric exchange.
Let us advise you!


shaft Collar is an important component in the mechanical industry, used to connect shafts and bearings, transmit motion and force. Therefore, the correct selection and use of the collar is very important. The following introduces the materials and selection principles of the shaft ring.
1、 Types and characteristics of materials
Carbon steel is one of the most commonly used shaft ring materials, with characteristics such as low cost, easy processing, and good wear resistance. However, carbon steel is prone to rust and produce iron oxide, leading to wear and corrosion.
Alloy steel has good hardenability, high strength, high toughness, and other characteristics, and is superior to carbon steel in surface hardness and wear resistance. However, the cost of alloy steel is relatively high.
Stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and hardness, and is also relatively cost-effective. However, stainless steel has low toughness and is prone to cracking.
2、 Selection principles
Select materials based on usage environment and requirements
Different application environments and requirements for shaft rings vary, and suitable materials should be selected based on the actual situation. For example, for harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and heavy load, materials with wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance should be selected.
Select appropriate materials based on operating conditions
In harsh working conditions, materials with higher strength, better wear resistance, and better corrosion resistance should be selected. For example, for collars that need to withstand significant impact and wear, high-strength and high toughness alloy steel or stainless steel should be selected.
Considering Economy and Performance Balance
When selecting materials, not only performance and usage requirements should be considered, but also economy and cost. On the premise of meeting the usage requirements, materials with higher cost-effectiveness should be selected. For example, for shaft rings with medium to low loads and medium to low speeds, carbon steel or alloy steel can be chosen as the main material, while in cases of high loads and fast speeds, stainless steel can be chosen as the main material.
In short, the correct selection and use of the collar is very important. The selection of materials should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as usage environment and requirements, operating conditions, economy, and performance balance. In practical applications, it is also necessary to comprehensively consider and choose based on specific situations.


First Aid - Module 08 - Bone, Joint and Muscle Injuries (US)
Bone, joint and muscle injuries can be very painful. Victims are counting on you to do everything you can to minimize the risk of further injury and help alleviate pain. Take this course to refresh your memory about what to do for various bone, joint and muscle injuries. Ideal learners are employees who have already taken in-depth first aid training.
2. Types of Injuries
- Recognize different types of potential bone, joint and muscle injuries.
- Know the guidelines for safe splinting.
- Recognize joint dislocations or sprains and muscle strains and cramps.
- Know what first aid to perform for joint dislocations.
- Know the importance of rest, ice, compression and elevation, or RICE, for injuries to the joints and muscles.
OSHA Outreach Courses makes it simple to take and pass your course.
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At the age of 127, Sarah dies. Abraham purchases a plot of land with trees and a cave from Ephron the Hittite near Hebron. Sarah is buried in the cave of Machpela.
Abraham asks a servant to go back to the land of his father and find a wife for Isaac. The servant is sent with camels and goes on his way. When he arrives, he prays for success in his mission. When asking a maiden for water, if she answers that she will give him a drink and give his camels a drink then that is the sign that she is the right one for Isaac.
A young lady approaches the well, when he asks her for a drink, she replies that she will give him one and give his camels a drink. He gives her a gold nose ring and bracelets. Rebecca runs home and her family comes out to meet the servant.
The servant explains where he is from, how blessed Abraham is, and Rebecca’s family grants that she returns with the servant to become Isaac’s wife. Rebecca agrees to go. When she returns, Isaac takes her into his mother’s tent and marries her.
Abraham remarries and has more children. Before his death, Abraham gives gifts to his children and sends them away. Isaac inherits the rest. Abraham dies at the age of 175 and is buried by his sons Isaac and Ishmael in the cave of Machpela next to Sarah.
Ishmael’s progenies are listed, and he dies at age of 137.


Parliament's Education and Workforce Committee has released a report on the International treaty examination of the Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention, 1930.
The committee says it welcomes the protocol and supports its ratification.
"We note that a bill is not required to ratify the treaty. Once ratification is registered with the International Labour Organisation, the treaty will become binding on New Zealand 12 months later," it says.
New Zealand ratified the Forced Labour Convention, 1930 in 1938 and the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 in 1968.
Together, the two conventions provide an international framework and jurisprudence on the elimination of forced labour. The Government is now seeking to ratify the Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention, 1930.
The protocol updates the convention to take into account modern-day changes in the context and forms of forced labour. The protocol is administered by the ILO, which is the United Nations agency responsible for bringing together governments, employers, and workers of its 187 member states to set labour standards, develop policies, and devise programmes promoting “decent work”.
The protocol entered into force in 2016, and more than 30 member states have ratified it. The ILO estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour world-wide. That includes people being trafficked, held in bondage, or working in slavery-like conditions. Other estimates double this number.
A MBIE analysis of the protocol, included in the committee's report, says the reasons for ratifying the treaty are:
- New Zealand has ratified both ILO Conventions on Forced Labour, and our law and practice are already largely consistent with the protocol.
- Ratification is consistent with the Government’s priorities for addressing temporary migrant worker exploitation.
- Domestic and international attention to these issues is increasing.
- Ratification will bolster New Zealand’s credentials as a responsible member of the international community.
In its analysis, the ministry identified no disadvantages or risks from ratification, the report says.


3. The collocation of things, distinct and separate, cannot be by chance, for it is in regular order. This collocation of things, then, distinct and separate from one another, must be due to the intention of some cause. It cannot be due to the intention of any cause that acts by physical necessity, because physical nature is determined to one line of acton. Thus of no agent, that acts by physical necessity, can the intention reach to many distinct effects, inasmuch as they are distinct.* The distinct arrangement and collocation of things must proceed from the intention of some knowing cause.* Indeed it seems the proper function of intellect to remark the distinction of things. It belongs therefore to the First Cause, which of itself is distinct from all others, to intend the distinct and separate collocation of all the materials of the Universe.
4. Whatever God knows, He knows most perfectly: for there is in Him all perfection (Chap. XXVIII). Now what is known only in general is not known perfectly: the main points of the thing are not known, the finishing touches of its perfection, whereby its proper being is completely realised and brought out. Such mere general knowledge is rather a perfectible than a perfect knowledge of a thing. If therefore God in knowing His essence knows all things in their universality, He must also have a particular knowledge of things.
8. Whoever knows any nature, knows whether that nature be communicable: for he would not know perfectly the nature of 'animal,' who did not know that it was communicable to many. But the divine nature is communicable by likeness. God therefore knows in how many ways anything may exist like unto His essence. Hence arises the diversity of types, inasmuch as they imitate in divers ways the divine essence. God therefore has a knowledge of things according to their several particular types.* This also we are taught by the authority of canonical Scripture. God saw all things that he had made, and they were very good (Gen. i, 31). Nor is there any creature invisible in his sight, but all things are naked and open to his eyes (Heb. iv, 13).
1.49 : That God knows other things besides Himself
1.51 : Some Discussion of the question how there is in the Divine Understanding a Multitude of Objects


verb (used with object), ap·pre·ci·at·ed, ap·pre·ci·at·ing.
- to be grateful or thankful for: They appreciated his thoughtfulness.
- to value or regard highly; place a high estimate on: to appreciate good wine.
- to be fully conscious of; be aware of; detect: to appreciate the dangers of a situation.
- to raise in value.
verb (used without object), ap·pre·ci·at·ed, ap·pre·ci·at·ing.
- to increase in value: Property values appreciated yearly.
verb (mainly tr)
- to feel thankful or grateful forto appreciate a favour
- (may take a clause as object) to take full or sufficient account ofto appreciate a problem
- to value highlyto appreciate Shakespeare
- (usually intr) to raise or increase in value
1650s, “to esteem or value highly,” from Late Latin appretiatus, past participle of appretiare “to set a price to” (see appraise). Meaning “to rise in value” (intransitive) first recorded 1789. Related: Appreciated; appreciating.