Carefully curated by the early education experts at PBS KIDS, this adorable kit is designed to make preschool skill-building tons of fun.
Any child preparing for preschool will love this portable pack of learning and fun. The kit is packed with 4 books and 4 wipe-off worksheets for practice and play. It includes:
*100 Concepts for Preschoolers—a board book filled with simple words, sweet photos and illustrations, and age-appropriate concepts
*Spot the Differences: Around the World—a 64-page book featuring 50 colorful puzzles that will not only exercise a child’s brain and observational skills, but will also show them people, places, and things from all around the world
*Sticker Smart Art: Colors and Shapes—a 48-page activity book with 27 puzzles and 335 REUSABLE STICKERS that allows kids to exercise their fine motor skills and improve spatial relations while boosting their creativity and playing with shapes and colors.
*Lunch Box Cookbook—featuring fully-illustrated recipes that preschoolers can safely prepare on their own (using nothing sharp and nothing hot!)
*4 wipe-off worksheets (for tracing numbers and letters)
*1 erasable marker (for using on the wipe-off worksheets)
*And the entire kit comes in a totable box with a handle on top!
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"I am one who, when love inspires me, takes note . . ." —Dante
Despite the absence of tracts about beauty and art, aesthetic issues did command the attention of people in the Middle Ages. Whenever poets or philosophers turned their thoughts to the order of the heavens, whenever they delighted in music or art, they contemplated how the pleasure they took in the artistry of the universe was related to the God who created it. For Dante, aesthetics was the discourse of being and could not be narrowly defined. The aesthetic became the domain in which he considered not only form and proportion, but questions of love, identity, and perfection of the self.
Warren Ginsberg expertly guides us through Dante's work. He distinguishes between early texts such as the Vita Nuova, in which the aesthetic offers only a form of knowledge between sensation and reason, and the Comedy, in which the aesthetic is transformed into a language of existence. Among other subjects, Dante's Aesthetics of Being treats poeticism, literary history, language theory, the relation of philosophy to poetry, and of course, aesthetics. Its readers will include not only experts in Dante and medievalists in general, but literary critics of all periods. Indeed, anyone interested in poetic theory, the philosophy of beauty, or interdisciplinary studies will profit from reading Ginsberg's thoughtful offering.
Warren Ginsberg is Professor of English, University at Albany, State University of New York. He is author of The Cast of Character: The Representation of Personality in Ancient and Medieval Literature and editor of two Middle English poems, Wynnere and Wastoure and The Parlement of the Thre Ages.


There is a saying in English that we’re never alone because we are always with “me, myself, and I.” These are three common pronouns to denote ME as the subject and object of a sentence, yet they are commonly misused by English speakers. Let’s have a brief look at how to use them properly.
I is of course the most common pronoun because it refers to me as the subject.
- I went to the store.
Easy right? So what happens when you go with someone else to the store? You always put I second in the subject.
- Julia and I (subjects) went to Japan.
Putting I first is incorrect, sounds dreadful, and English speakers virtually never do it. I would never say, “I and Julia went to Japan.”
Problems with pronouns arise when we use ME.
ME should always be used as the object in a sentence.
- Julia (subject) went to Japan with me (object).
When there is more than one person in the object, put me second.
- Ai and Yuka sang karaoke with Julia and me.
One of the most common errors amongst native English speakers is to use ME as the subject pronoun.
- Me and Julia went to Japan.
- Julia and me went to Japan.
TRY TO AVOID THIS!
Myself is also troublesome. Myself is a reflexive pronoun that refers to the subject AFTER already establishing I as the subject pronoun. It is most commonly used in the following way:
- I couldn’t see myself in the mirror.
- I wanted to buy myself a Washlet in Japan.
A terrible habit amongst English speakers is using MYSELF as either the subject or object in a sentence, like in these ear-splitting examples:
- Julia and myself went to Japan.
- Myself and Julia went to Japan.
- Julia went to Japan with myself.
- Ai and Yuka sang karaoke with Julia and myself.
These are common mistakes that annoy English teachers because we should know better, yet even I catch myself using me and myself incorrectly at times.
As native English speakers we may never travel alone, but we should always know the difference between me, myself, and I.


Forest health staff recently produced a map that highlights a gradient of damage from southeastern to northwestern Wisconsin, which roughly corresponds to the length of time EAB has been present in these parts of the state. Whatever the level of damage, homeowners and landowners should consider treating healthy ash, including trees that have responded well to previous treatments, or removing declining, untreated ash before they become hazardous and even more costly to remove.
The new map was created from both aerial and ground observations of damage to ash populations in the state. Information was averaged for each county, providing a general assessment of the intensity of EAB damage. This general assessment does not capture variability within each county. Some communities and woodlots in the county will have differing levels of damage than the range indicated for that county.
Recommendations to treat or remove ash still apply across the state. If homeowners or property managers have healthy ash trees on their properties, insecticidal treatments are the only option for keeping them alive. Similarly, if ash trees were treated in the past and still appear to be healthy, follow-up treatments are recommended to ensure they survive through subsequent years of EAB activity. If ash trees are already showing signs of decline, or if they are considered low-value and unsuitable for treatment, removing them now will save money and avoid the safety risks associated with EAB-infested ash. For more information, check out this DNR publication on the cost and safety concerns of infested ash trees.
Along with damage caused by EAB, ash in many parts of the state were further stressed by high water levels, with weather in 2019 being unusually wet throughout the growing season. Flooding persisted all summer in many counties, leading to additional stress for green and black ash that are dominant trees along rivers, ponds and lakes. This added stress resulted in accelerated decline of many ash trees in these settings.
Emerald ash borer continues its spread across the state, leaving behind a wake of ash decline and mortality in both urban and rural settings. For more information on EAB identification, its impacts and management options, visit the DNR EAB webpage.


30 years ago, the so-called Westray affair was one of the worst workplace disasters in Canadian history. At 5:20 AM on May 9, 1992, an explosion tore through an underground coal mine in Plymouth, Nova Scotia. Fires started. The ground above collapsed. None of the 26 miners inside the mine came out alive.
What made it especially hard to take was that it was preventable.
The mine operators knew that combustible methane gases were building up inside the mines but didn’t provide necessary ventilation or take other steps to abate the problem. Worse, the officials failed to warn the miners of the danger. They just kept sending them down the mines.
What produced the spark that set off the all but inevitable explosion was never found. But it was probably one of the cutting machines used in the mine.
The Westray disaster and subsequent miscarriage of justice produced a public outcry and a demand for tougher laws. The result was a new national law called Bill C-45, which took effect in 2004. C-45 is designed to ensure that if, heaven forbid, another disaster like Westray were to occur, companies and their officials will be held accountable.
How many times have you told a worker to continue their work – knowing that in the back of your mind – maybe you should get that issue looked at later? How many times have you told someone to stop work immediately until the problem was fixed? Sadly, most people fall into the first category rather than the latter.
There are multiple ways to identify potential hazards in the workplace. From regular maintenance checks to near miss reporting and follow-up there is no shortage or ways to ensure everyone gets home at the end of the day. A lesson that Westray taught many too little too late.
Hazard identification can be done:
- During design and implementation
- Before tasks are done
- While tasks are being done
- During inspections
- After incidents
The good news is that once you have identified an issue, you have the power to prevent an incident. Are you doing everything you need to do to make sure potential hazards are caught and fixed?


American Farriers Journal
American Farriers Journal is the “hands-on” magazine for professional farriers, equine veterinarians and horse care product and service buyers.
Venograms aren’t the most commonly used type of imaging in hoof care, but there are veterinarians who would like to see them used more often.
Proponents of venograms are using them not just as a diagnostic tool, but also to help guide the course of care. Others believe venograms could offer intriguing research possibilities.
Venograms involve taking an X-ray of a particular part of the body after a dye has been injected into a vein. In hoof care, venograms are typically done in the lower limb and foot. The dye, which provides a contrast in the radiograph, allows the veterinarian to view the blood supply in the hoof.
Venograms have been used most commonly as part of diagnosing and treating laminitis.
Christopher Pollitt, a veterinarian and researcher from the University of Queensland in Australia and Ric Redden, an equine veterinarian from Versailles, Ky., pioneered the procedure in standing horses in 1992.
The biggest drawback with venograms may be learning to read them. Redden, an advocate of their use, says reading venograms is a skill that can only be mastered through experience and repetition.
A radiographic plate is already in place before the dye is injected, because the X-rays need…


When the Bolivarian Revolution passed legislation in 2001 to break up the feudal land tenure system and to distribute large tracts of unused land to collectives of peasant farmers, the large estate owners responded by implementing the systematic assassination of peasant leaders.
In this video Hugo Chavez discusses the fallacies of previous land reforms, the importance of democratic collective control over farmsteads, coexistence with nature, how the urban slums proliferated as peasants fled to the cities in the 20th century, and the struggle for control of the countryside as the large landowners organized armed groups to assassinate the peasant leadership. “If there's one thing a socialist revolution must do, it's to give the power to the people.”
In this edition of "Chavez the Radical" we also hear from current leaders of the peasant’s movements who, in 2018, describe to Nicolas Maduro the problems they face as the government reverses the policies initiated by Chavez, evicting their collectives from the land that they have been cultivating and returning it to the large estate owners. As the National Guard is used once again to protect the interests of the landed rich, the assassinations continue and to date over 300 peasant farmers have been murdered in contract killings.
Translation and subtitles by Joshua Wilson.


The Chanel Tweed jackets were first introduced in 1954, with the boucle Tweed - offering a Luxury feel and a design combination of loose-fitting tailored jacket and a collarless style of cardigan.
However, thirty years earlier in 1924, Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel was first inspired to utilise Scottish textiles in her couture. Chanel's attraction to Scottish fabrics was cultivated when she spent summers in the Highlands with the second Duke of Westminster in the mid 1920's. It was here that she looked towards the traditional fabrics of Scotland and visiting the local mills.
Chanel was also inspired by the traditions of the Highland, particularly a handwoven woollen textile that would be the inspiration behind the iconic boucle of the Chanel suit. Despite its rough quality, she sourced from a local mill and began incorporating this fabric into her outfits and designs, in colours inspired by Scotland's granite, moss and bracken.
Chanel became one of the most prestigious designers to champion Scottish textiles, utilising them in every collection - Fair Isle knits, Tweeds, Tartan and Cashmere.
Credit: inspired and compiled from: Caroline Young/Ann Martin, Tartan + Tweed, ed. Frances Lincoln Ltd, 2017.


In a recent poll, M-A students revealed that their plans for Labor Day largely included going to Tahoe, camping, and spending time with friends.
But despite the welcomed time off, do M-A students know the origins of our three-day weekend? In the same poll, when asked why we celebrate Labor Day, only 56% of answers were correct – to celebrate the achievements of the American workforce. More common responses included “to give workers a vacation” and “idk.”
Labor Day, which became a federal or “workingmen’s” holiday in 1894, was originally suggested by American labor unions who wanted a break from the average 80+ hour work weeks of the time. Official founder Peter J. McGuire said that Labor Day “is dedicated to peace, civilization and the triumphs of industry. It is a demonstration of fraternity and the harbinger of a better age–a more chivalrous time when labor shall be best honored and well rewarded”. As shown in the image, Labor Day was a weekend of dedication to the progress of American workers; people would spend time barbecuing and attending massive parades throughout cities across the nation.
Despite the common misconception, however, it has never been legally required for employers to give workers the day off. Many retail and service workers will not have a labor-free day nor will they be paid time and a half. Even a few M-A students responded in the poll that they would be working Monday. Junior Maggie Malecek remarked that as only a part-time worker “it’s not too frustrating” to work on a day where most don’t, however she imagines that “if I were working full time I would find it a bit annoying.” Despite the fact that a day off isn’t legally required, Malecek thinks “it’s still important to have Labor Day to appreciate the work people put in every day.”
While the meaning of Labor Day now places less importance on the collective progress of the American workforce and the history behind changes in labor conditions, it still holds value for individual workers. Labor Day serves as a day in which Americans, working or not, are recognized for their improvements to the nation.


Chinsegut - History
Today’s Chinsegut Wildlife and Environmental Area was once part of 6,000 acres staked from the U.S. government in 1842 by Colonel Pearson of South Carolina and sold ten years later to Colonel F.H. Ederington. The area later became home to pioneer famers John and Susan Bishop, who timbered out much of the virgin longleaf pine. Resin was extracted from many of the remaining pine trees, some of which still bear the distinctive “cat-face” scars where the bark was cut away. Only a chimney and two cisterns remain as evidence of the Bishop’s rural homestead.
In 1904, 2,082 acres were purchased by Colonel Raymond Robins, an attorney who served as an economic advisor to five presidents. Raymond’s sister, Elizabeth Robins, was a successful actress and author who helped provide the needed capital to purchase the large parcel. He named the area “Chinsegut,” an Alaskan Inuit word that means “spirit of lost things.” Robins expanded the translation as “the place where things of true value that have been lost may be found again.” In 1932, Robins deeded his estate to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) under the Migratory Bird Conservation Act to be preserved for “inspiration and education of the next generation.”
An FWC biologist recommended acquiring the acreage for outdoor education after a white-tailed deer study was conducted there in 1956. In 1967, the USDA allowed the Commission to operate a nature preserve on what became the Conservation Center Tract in 1973. The adjoining tract of virgin longleaf pine was deeded to the University of Florida that same year. In 1986, the Hernando County Audubon helped build a nature center and the 430-acre Big Pine Tract was transferred to the FWC for educational purposes in 1989. In 2009, The Nature Conservancy donated two parcels, six and nineteen acres in size, adjacent to the Big Pine Tract.


Displacement and Social Assistance
te Lintelo, Dolf
MetadataShow full item record
Displacement forms part of virtually any major crisis. It introduces a level of complexity when providing social assistance that leads to a specific, usually context-dependent set of challenges. It is widely recognised that the vast majority of displaced people will travel as short a distance as possible to reach safety, whether as Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), refugees or irregular migrants in neighbouring countries. Displaced people are disproportionately hosted in low- and middle-income countries, and the length of their displacement is increasing. This highlights the urgent priority of displacement; indeed, it has received sustained attention from the highest levels of global decision-making, particularly since 2016, including two Global Compacts in 2018 (Global Compact for Migration, Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration). Although some have argued that such global summits offer a replacement for meaningful action, these events at least highlight clear political will to shift the emphasis from humanitarian responses to a much longer-term development focus. Interest in social assistance and displacement has also grown since 2018 and resulting policy must respond to this concern for more sustainable responses. High-level commitments are slowly filtering through to policy, while recent research has provided clear frameworks for analysing developing policy approaches. Gaps remain in the analysis of policy implementation and in the assessment of how to access social assistance beyond official state channels.
CitationCollyer, M.; Zaman, T. and te Lintelo, D.J.H. (2022) Displacement and Social Assistance, BASIC Research Theme Brief, Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, DOI: 10.19088/BASIC.2022.029
Is part of seriesBASIC Research Theme Brief;
Rights holder© Institute of Development Studies
- BASIC Research


According to the Indo-Pacific Centre for Strategic Communications (IPCSC), numerous Chinese incursions into Indian territory were made to collect the rare Himalayan herb (Cordyceps). Cordyceps, also known as caterpillar fungus or the Himalayan gold, is an expensive herbal medicine in China.
According to an IPCSC report, Chinese soldiers illegally entered Arunachal Pradesh in search of the caterpillar fungus, which is mostly found in the Indian Himalayas and on the high-altitude plateau in southwestern China. The report follows a recent standoff between Indian and Chinese soldiers in the border state's Tawang sector.
In 2022, the global Cordyceps market is expected to be worth $1,072.50 million, with China being the largest producer and exporter.
Caterpillar fungus harvest has declined in China in recent years, resulting in a scarcity of this medicinal fungus. However, demand has increased dramatically in the last decade as "an emerging Chinese middle class seeks it to cure everything from kidney disorders to impotence, despite a lack of scientific evidence, according to the report.
It is brown in colour and can grow to be up to two inches long. It can be found in the Himalayan regions at elevations ranging from three to five thousand metres.
In India, it is known as 'Kida Jadi,' while it is known as 'Yarsagumba' in Nepal and China, and 'Yarsaganbu' in Tibet. Cordyceps is scientifically known as 'Ophiocordyceps sinensis,' but it is commonly referred to as a 'caterpillar fungus' in English. On the international market, a kilogram of 'caterpillar fungus' can fetch up to Rs 10-12 lakh.
The herb is highly valued for its therapeutic potential, which is derived from a bioactive molecule called cordycepin. Scientists hope to one day develop the compound into an effective antiviral and anti-cancer treatment. It is also known as Himalayan Viagra and is said to have aphrodisiac properties.
Overharvesting has reduced China's output to 41,200 kg in 2018, down from 150,000 kg in 2010 and 2011. Companies that produce the herb have spent millions of dollars acquiring entire mountains to grow Kida Jadi.
Edited & Collated by Team TRC


Ablah E, Konda K, Kelley CL. Biosecur Bioterror.
2009 Sep;7(3):317-30. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2009.0022.
SOURCE: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, KS 67214, USA. firstname.lastname@example.org
ABSTRACT: Disasters pose a very real threat to every individual in the United States. One way to mitigate the threat of disasters is through personal preparedness, yet numerous studies indicate that individual Americans are not prepared for a disaster. This study attempted to identify the factors most likely to predict individual disaster preparedness. We used 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from the 5 states that included the optional general preparedness module. Respondents were defined as being “prepared” if they were deficient in no more than 1 of the 6 actionable preparedness measures included on the BRFSS. Analyses were conducted comparing preparedness rates based on medical and demographic factors. Using logistic regression, a predictive model was constructed to identify which factors most strongly predicted an individual’s likelihood of being prepared. Although 78% of respondents reported feeling prepared for a disaster, just 45% of respondents were actually prepared by objective measures. Factors predicting an increased likelihood of preparedness included feeling “well prepared” (OR 9.417), having a disability or health condition requiring special equipment (OR 1.298), being 55 to 64 years old (OR 1.794), and having an annual income above $50,000 (OR 1.286). Among racial and ethnic minorities, an inability to afford medical care in the previous year (OR .581) was an important factor in predicting a decreased likelihood of being prepared. This study revealed a pervasive lack of disaster preparedness overall and a substantial gap between perceived and objective preparedness. Income and age were important predictors of disaster preparedness.


PROGRAMS & PROJECTS.
This program provides tools for family members to help their children/teens respond in appropriate ways to incidents of bullying. Youth learn the different types of bullying, how to identify bullying and stand up to it safely. Learn what cyberbullying is, how to help prevent it, and how to response to it if they or someone they know are experiencing cyberbullying.
Community Conversation is where schools, community members, and organizations come together to address pressing issues facing students, educators, and public education. Discuss obstacles that students face that can hinder their academic achievement, and discuss how the community can come together to improve educational opportunities for all young people in the community
Finding resources and helping to educate individuals on how to help families and teenagers get the resources they need if they're struggling with addiction and to have good, open communication even when they're not. Understanding the dangers and common side effects of using e-cigarettes and vape pens and the serious long-term side effects they cause.
Entrepreneur/Small Business Workshop
Goal Setting and Accountability
Our two-day workshop is designed for young entrepreneurs or small business owners. It will help them learn how to start and run a successful business or help to improve an existing business.
It will help to develop entrepreneurial thinking, as well as the essential talking points that will prepare them for the grand finale of a business pitch!
Youth will learn how to set goals, which will help them focus on the journey to whatever they want to achieve, helping them to make plans, use their time and resources wisely, and identify the places where they may need help. Which will increase motivation, self-efficacy, and give them a sense of achievement. It will also teach them how to use others for accountability and inspiration.
Website Design Workshop
Is your child or teen interested in designing their own website? No matter if it's for their latest lemonade stand or pet walking business, with our no code web design course, they will be able to ideate, design, launch, and maintain a dynamic website, while mastering a skill set that can lend a lucrative career for a student that will not or cannot attend higher education at a local college or university.


muisca meaning of cuítiva : Qüitiba
Tiba was translated in spanish as 'captain' because JIMÉNEZ DE QUESADA, WHO COMMANDED THE SOLDIERS, used the word 'tiba' to signify the 'ABILITY TO COMMAND'.
in primitive times, 'tiba' was one who served as a regent within a certain domain of the MHUYSQA (muisca) culture.
(i) and (y) semantics can be extensive and will vary according to context. However, 'responsibility', 'regency', or 'command' is always involved in the translation.
Science serves to open new fields studying the knowledge of man and also to correct historical mistakes.
with constant breakthroughs in the muisca language, we must not continue translating TIBA as 'captain' because in doing so, we confine ourselves to the narrow vocabulary of spanish soldiers from centuries ago.
qüitiba: the domain responsible for raising suqui
CREDIT: MARIANA ESCRIBANO, SEMANTICS AUTHOR OF CHICHBA VOCABULARY
Cuítiva is one of the 13 towns of Sugamuxi's province.
Town's full size= 43 km2 (25% the size of Aruba).
Main economic activities: Agriculture and tourism.
How to get here:
By bus: From Sogamoso's bus terminal, every hour. There is a bus stop also at Puente Pesca's corner (center of Sogamoso).
By car: Follow the route Sogamoso - Iza - Cuitiva - Tota. It takes around 25 min.
> Towns of Sugamuxi
> Where to stay in Sugamuxi
> What to do in Sugamuxi
Weather in Cuítiva:


Towards a sustainable industrial system, with recommendations for education, research, industry and policy
The industrial system has been responsible for raising the quality of life of peoples around the world. It is becoming increasingly clear however, that the current system is creating unintended and serious consequences for the environment at a global level. Change on a significant scale is required urgently.
Some businesses are already engaged in reducing their impact through the introduction of new products, processes and business models. Academics concerned with the industrial system have a responsibility to study these emerging models, to interact with them and to synthesise and spread the knowledge.Whilst it is important to address the impact of each aspect of the industrial system and to pursue aggressive reduction of the effects of specific activities, we must also examine the operation of the whole system. Only in this way can we hope to bring the benefits of industrialisation to those who have not yet experienced them without exceeding the limits of our planet.This paper presents cases where industry is already taking action, and argues that:
- dramatic improvements can be made by deploying existing expertise at the level of individual businesses
- relying on technology alone to make the industrial system sustainable is a trap we must avoid
- collaborative engagement of academics is essential to tackle the challenge of reorganising the industrial system
Teachers and researchers, consumers and producers, and practitioners and policy-makers all have the opportunity to shape a future industrial system.What such a system will look like is still unclear and the journey uncertain. This paper does not provide all the answers but offers a platform for informed debate. The case studies highlight examples of changing industrial practice that illustrate the scale of potential improvement.
It considers the implications of these examples and makes recommendations for education, policy, research and practice.
You may also be interested in:
Centre for Industrial Sustainability - The Centre for Industrial Sustainability (CIS) works to develop knowledge and tools that accelerate the transition towards a sustainable industrial system.
IfM Sustainability Association – The Sustainability Association is a membership network of manufacturing leaders and world-leading researchers looking to drive sustainable change to new levels in manufacturing organisations.


The magnificent Atlas mountains are the first site on our desert journey. These well-known ranges run across three nations in a row: Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. The Atlas Mountains, in reality, are not a continuous chain of mountains, but are divided by enormous distances. In general, they are split into three major components in each of the three nations. First, there are the Middle Atlas Mountains, which are located in central Morocco. This later is noted for being the coldest and having more rain seasons than the others, making it a major supply of water in the country. Its tallest peak, Bou Nasser, is approximately 3,340m high.
Finally, there are the High Atlas mountains, which are the biggest and longest. They are a range that spans the preceding North African countries. They have the most magnificent landmarks and scenery since they are the longest. Furthermore, they are home to the highest summit of all the ranges, Toubkal (4,167m).
In usual, when traveling over these mountains, we use an unique pass called Tizi Ntichka, which translates as “the col of being lost.” It is the sole route connecting Marrakech to the southeast. This curving road has several stunning views to stop at, such as its highest point, which is about 2260m.


A comparative analysis template could be useful to present your research conclusion with facts and figures that are derived from your explorative search. If you are a business professional or an academic researcher, you may need excellent comparative PowerPoint templates to present your data before your audience. At this juncture, you can download a slide with all features to display your findings. Research containing four common methodologies has been used for several years. These four research methods are a comparative method, historical method, observation method, and experimental method. Among these methods, the comparative method is more common in academic and business research fields. This comparative slide for PowerPoint presentation is a professional design that ensures excellent data presentation by attracting viewers’ attention.
The comparative analysis PowerPoint template has ten versatile designs to create data comparisons in an engaging style. These include a parallel bar chart (showing differences in value), an animated doughnut chart, a circle comparison diagram, a pie chart, and a simple comparison chart showing a comparison in years. This could be used to show the features of a product by comparing the nearest competitor. Product comparison templates are most common in sales campaigns that are scheduled to display using a business PowerPoint pitch. So, this is a multiple-presentation slide usable in different situations. These slides are useful for explaining the performance and features of the two products. You can access more infographic templates here.
Comparative analysis template for PowerPoint presentation lets the presenter show data with explaining notes. Since the template has empty places, it may help the user create textual themes. All the elements enable modifications. So you can make your designs on the surface. For instance, if you want to insert infographic icons, you can easily drag and drop them. Similarly, if you're going to resize or reshape, it could also be easy. Do prefer your presentation styles and make interesting notes to excite your global audience.


Objective: To evaluate the consistency and quality of immunization monitoring systems in 27 countries during 2002-03 using standardized data quality audits (DQAs) that had been launched within the framework of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization.
Methods: The consistency of reporting systems was estimated by determining the proportion of third doses of diphtheria-tetanuspertussis (DTP-3) vaccine reported as being administered that could be verified by written documentation at health facilities and districts. The quality of monitoring systems was measured using quality indices for different components of the monitoring systems. These indices were applied to each level of the health service (health unit, district and national).
Findings: The proportion of verified DTP-3 doses was lower than 85% in 16 countries. Difficulties in verifying the doses administered often arose at the peripheral level of the health service, usually as the result of discrepancies in information between health units and their corresponding districts or because completed recording forms were not available from health units. All countries had weaknesses in their monitoring systems; these included the inconsistent use of monitoring charts; inadequate monitoring of vaccine stocks, injection supplies and adverse events; unsafe computer practices; and poor monitoring of completeness and timeliness of reporting.
Conclusion: Inconsistencies in immunization data occur in many countries, hampering their ability to manage their immunization programmes. Countries should use these findings to strengthen monitoring systems so that data can reliably guide programme activities. The DQA is an innovative tool that provides a way to independently assess the quality of immunization monitoring systems at all levels of a health service and serves as a point of entry to make improvements. It provides a useful example for other global health initiatives.


OSLO, NorwayEating a diet high in magnesium-rich foods, such as green leafy vegetables, beans, peas, nuts and seeds, may protect against hip fractures, according to a new study conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and published in the Bone Journal.
Hip fractures are a major public health problem, and Norway has one of the highest levels in the world. Many risk factors for the disease are known, such as smoking, height and weight, physical activity and diet, including intake of vitamin D. However, these factors explain only a small part of what we call risk of hip fracture.
For the study, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health examined whether there was a correlation between magnesium and calcium concentrations in drinking water and the incidence of hip fracture. The researchers studied variations in magnesium and calcium levels in drinking water between different areas, as these are assumed to have a role in the development of bone strength.
The project is unique for two reasons: researchers at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health created a registry of all hip fractures in Norway and a map showing the coverage of the various water utility companies in Norway. This made it possible to determine which water utility company is most likely to supply each area in Norway.
The researchers compiled data from three sourcesan earlier project on drinking water in Norway (Trace Metals Project), the National Population Register with inhabitants in Norway from 1994 until 2000, and the register of hip fractures in Norway. Data sources were linked together to create a compilation of fractures in areas with the highest and lowest areas of calcium and magnesium. They followed approximately 700,000 men and women over seven years and registered about 5,500 hip fractures among men and 13,600 hip fractures for women in this period.
Results show that magnesium protects against hip fracture for both men and women. They found no independent protective effect of calcium.
A 2012 study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition found individuals who consume a diet high in magnesium-rich foods may reduce their risk of colorectal cancer by as much as 11% compared to those with low dietary magnesium intake. A similar study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found consuming a diet high in magnesium-rich foods reduced the risk of ischemic stroke by 8%.


The consumption of shark fin soup dates back to the Ming Dynasty in China, when it was served to emperors. Today, the cultural delicacy represents wealth, status, and power. Over the past 30 years, with the rising middle class in China, the demand for shark fins has surged. To address the increasing demand, a group of fishermen came to realize there was little value in carting massive shark bodies to shore when all they needed were the highly valued fins. So they sliced off the fins, and threw the still living, rudderless sharks to die in the open ocean. So began the gruesome practice known as “shark finning.” Shark populations have been unable to withstand the demand for their fins, and dozens of species are now threatened or endangered. From enhancing legislation to control the shark fin market to building sustainable fisheries to promoting synthetic shark fin soup – efforts to address the issue of shark depletion are seemingly endless. And yet despite these efforts, both the market for shark fins and global catch rates have continued unabated. If the demand for fins and the practice of shark finning continue at the current rate, human interference may forever change the nature of our oceans.
Preying on the Predator: The Shark Fin Controversy
If the demand for fins and the practice of shark finning continue at the current rate, human interference may forever change the nature of our oceans.


(Q) During the Age of Rig Veda, the grains are collectively called:
A. Yava and Anaaj
B. Anaaj and Dhanya
C. Ann and Anaaj
D. Yava and Dhanya
(Q) The first Muslim ruler to impose the Jaziya on the Brahmins was :
A. Ghiyas ud din Balban
C. Aram Shah
D. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
(Q) Which is the most ancient musical instrument of India?
(Q) ‘Gidda’ is a popular dance of which state?
B. Himachal Pradesh
(Q) Kathakali dance form is associated with which State?
A. Tamil Nadu
B. Andhra Pradesh
(Q) What do the paintings of Ajanta depict?
(Q) Who was the painter of the famous painting called Bharatmata?
A. Gaganendranath Tagore
B. Abanindranath Tagore
C. Nandalal Bose
D. Jamini Roy
(Q) Buddha’s preachings were mainly related to—
A. Purity of thought and conduct
B. Belief in one god
C. Practice of rituals
D. Idol worship
(Q) Rock cut architecture in Harappan culture context has been found at—
« Previous | 1 | 2 | … | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | … | 18 | 19 | 20 | Next »


What Does Form Mean?
In a database context, a form is a window or screen that contains numerous fields, or spaces to enter data. Each field holds a field label so that any user who views the form gets an idea of its contents. A form is more user friendly than generating queries to create tables and insert data into fields.
Techopedia Explains Form
Databases like SQL and Oracle do not use built-in forms, employing the query option for data creation and manipulation instead. This makes querying knowledge essential to handling these databases. Microsoft Access, however, uses forms for data entry, making it more user friendly than its counterparts. The fields and field labels are organized in a logical manner for easy form access and manipulation.
While making an entry into fields of a form, it is important to be careful about the field types, which are generally set when the form is created. As such, an attempt to enter values that do not satisfy the field constraints will fail. For instance, a field with a field type “not null” does not take null values and cannot be left blank. Some fields may also have table relationships connected by a foreign key; any alteration of such a field in a form needs special care.
Some online databases also have built-in form templates included in them. These databases can easily be used by users who are not even aware of scripting, as all entries and changes can be made in the form by a single click. A user is also free to customize the form layout by selecting suitable form templates.


We live in an epidemic of addiction to sex, pornography, online affairs, gaming, the Internet and Facebook/social media: all addictions that are exacerbated by technology. These fit into a larger category of addictions called behavioral addictions which also includes: codependency, eating, shopping, exercising and work addiction. This course is intended to equip students with an interdisciplinary approach to minister to those with technology-related addictions combining lessons from the disciplines of counseling/psychology, theology, public health and technology.
After completing this course, you will be able to:
- Monitor media usage and set boundaries with technology ensure their own sobriety and a healthy diet of media, technology and relationships and to enable others to do the same.
- Communicate the common causes, patterns and treatment of behavioral addictions including: codependency, workaholism, gaming, gambling, pornography, online/social media, eating, exercise and shopping.
- Communicate how technology-related and behavioral addictions and media have affected them.
- Identify resources available to get help if you or others you know face issues of technology-related and behavioral addictions and to be equipped to make referrals and, as appropriate, help with peer support groups within your ministry context.
- Develop a plan for themselves and others to maintain life-balance, avoid burnout and protection from behavioral addictions.
Course Materials & Tuition
|Crouch, A. (2017). The tech-wise family: everyday steps for putting technology in its proper place. Grand Rapids: Baker Books. ISBN: 978-0801018664|
|Hart, D. A. D., & Frejd, D. S. H. (2013). The Digital Invasion: How Technology Is Shaping You and Your Relationships.|
Baker Books. ISBN-10: 0801015294. ISBN-13: 978-0801015298
|Total Cost of Course||$822.50|


Ash trees feature often in Celtic Mythology, most often associated with fire, masculinity, strength, healing, balance, and rebirth.
Ash trees often symbolise Strength due to their deep, strong roots and their hard flexible wood, which is highly valued for construction. Ash trees can grow to over 40m (130ft) tall and often stand alone, due to the amount of space their extensive root system needs.
Ash wood is highly flammable and is often associated with Fire. In Celtic traditions, Ash wood is burnt at the festival of Beltane, on the first day of Summer. The burning of Ash trees offered protection for the crops and cattle during the summer, and symbolised rebirth, change, and growth.
In the Autumn, the Ash takes on a deep orange colour, further lending to the associations with fire.
New life rising from the ashes is a common theme across several European mythologies, including Greek and Norse mythologies. In Norse mythology, the Ash tree is also associated with fire, and it was said that from root to leaf, the Ash tree stretched from the depths of hell to the gates of heaven.
In some Druidic creation myths, Man was formed from Ash, and women from Rowan. For this reason Ash is often associated with Masculinity.
Ash trees are dioecious, which means that unusually, the male and female flowers grow on separate trees, or even on separate branches of the same tree. Ash is commonly seen as a symbol for balance.
This is also the case with Willow and Holly, both of whom were also revered in Celtic Mythology.
Ash tree in the Ogham Alphabet:
The Gaelic name for Ash is Nin, and it lends its name to the Ogham Celtic alphabet as the letter for N.
Ash Tree Celtic Jewelry:
Many people choose to wear Ash Tree jewelry specifically for the associations with strength and new life. Whether or not the Ash is your Celtic Birth Tree, you may still wish to wear a piece celebrating the sacred Ash.


Very little of Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella is known. He was born in Gades (modern Cadiz), and was a contemporary of Seneca the Younger. He seems to have either been raised by or particularly fond of his uncle, whom he simply calls Marcus. If he was not simply a literary creation, his uncle, Columella alleges, was a farmer who had imparted his knowledge to his nephew.
Only two of Columella’s works have survived: the De Arboribus and the De Re Rustica in ten books. The former work focuses solely on trees (hence the name), while the latter is a much-expanded version that discusses many more agrarian concerns, such as lifestock, beekeeping, gardens, and even slaves.
The last book, book 10, picks up where Vergil left off in his Georgics. Therein Vergil deliberately left out extended discussion of gardens, and stated that he would leave the task to someone in the future. Columella’s work, up until now written in prose, switches to hexametric verse, the meter in which Vergil wrote his Georgics. Thus the book is intended to “complete” the Georgics in a sense.
Latin: PHI Latin Texts
English: Lacus Curtius (until book IV)
- E. S. Forster 1950. “Columella and His Latin Treatise on Agriculture.” Greece and Rome 19: 123–128.


Yes. Even though an increase of a few degrees in global average temperature does not sound like much, global average temperature during the last ice age was only about 4 to 5 °C (7 to 9 °F) colder than now. Global warming of just a few degrees will be associated with widespread changes in regional and local temperature and precipitation as well as with increases in some types of extreme weather events. These and other changes (such as sea level rise and storm surge) will have serious impacts on human societies and the natural world.
Both theory and direct observations have confirmed that global warming is associated with greater warming over land than oceans, moistening of the atmosphere, shifts in regional precipitation patterns, increases in extreme weather events, ocean acidification, melting glaciers, and rising sea levels (which increases the risk of coastal inundation and storm surge). Already, record high temperatures are on average significantly outpacing record low temperatures, wet areas are becoming wetter as dry areas are becoming drier, heavy rainstorms have become heavier, and snowpacks (an important source of freshwater for many regions) are decreasing.
These impacts are expected to increase with greater warming and will threaten food production, freshwater supplies, coastal infrastructure, and especially the welfare of the huge population currently living in low-lying areas. Even though certain regions may realise some local benefit from the warming, the long-term consequences overall will be disruptive.
It is not only an increase of a few degrees in global average temperature that is cause for concern—the pace at which this warming occurs is also important (see Question 6). Rapid human-caused climate changes mean that less time is available to allow for adaptation measures to be put in place or for ecosystems to adapt, posing greater risks in areas vulnerable to more intense extreme weather events and rising sea levels.
Page last updated: March 2020
Find out about the Royal Society's latest work on energy, environment and climate


|Object NGC 2089 is located exactly in the center of the picture.
|NGC 2089 - galaxy in the constellation Leporis|
Type: E/SB0 - spiral galaxy with bar
The angular dimensions: 1.90'x1.2'
magnitude: V=12.0m; B=13.0m
The surface brightness: 12.6 mag/arcmin2
Coordinates for epoch J2000: Ra= 5h47m51.3s; Dec= -17°36'10"
redshift (z): 0.009960
The distance from the Sun to NGC 2089: based on the amount of redshift (z) - 42.1 Mpc;
Other names of the object NGC 2089 : PGC 17860, ESO 554-36, MCG -3-15-16, IRAS 05456-1738
Nearby objects: NGC 2087
, NGC 2088
, NGC 2090
, NGC 2091
The full catalog NGC / IC
In this version of the NGC catalog used by NASA imagery, ngcicproject.org and other sources.
The pictures in the places of their original placement referred to as free of licensing restrictions.
In case of doubt, please the authors: let me know and they will be removed.


This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Nicole Levine, MFA. Nicole Levine is a Technology Writer and Editor for wikiHow. She has more than 20 years of experience creating technical documentation and leading support teams at major web hosting and software companies. Nicole also holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Portland State University and teaches composition, fiction-writing, and zine-making at various institutions.
This article has been viewed 3,025 times.
This wikiHow teaches you how to change the names of multiple files at the same time on a Windows PC.
1Open the folder that contains the files. This method will help you change the names of several files at once. The end result will be files with the same name with different numbers at the end.
2Hold the Ctrl key as you click each file. Once all files are selected, release the Ctrl key.
3Right-click the selected files. You can do this anywhere in the blue highlighted area. A menu will appear.
4Click Rename. It’s toward the bottom of the menu.
5Type a name for the files. The first selected file will be given the name you type, while the remaining file names will include a number.
- For example, if you type test, the first file will be named test, and the other files will be named test (1), test (2), test (3), etc.
6Press ↵ Enter. The files are now renamed.Advertisement
About this article
1. Open the folder that contains the files.
2. Select the files.
3. Right-click the selected files.
4. Type a new name.
5. Press ↵ Enter.


How do you spell 473 in words:
Convert 473 dollars in words (USD):
473 spelling in British Pound amount (GBP):
How to write 473 Canadian Dollar in letters (CAD):
How to write numbers in words similar to 473
Reminder of the spelling rules to write the number 473 in letters
Here are basic rules for spelling out 473 and other cardinal numbers :
- To write the number 473 in dollar amount, the currency symbol is placed before the number, with no spaces : $473 .
If spelled out in words, the currency symbol is removed : Four hundred seventy-three dollars dollars.
- Decimals should be separated by periods and thousands by commas.
- Numbers from 21 to 99 are written with a hyphen : Seventy-five, Seventy-six
- From 13 to 19, these numbers are composed of the digits from 3 to 9, and they all end with "-teen" : Eighteen, Nineteen
- If you want to know how to spell another number in English, type any number in the number to words converter above to see how it is spelled in English.
More information about the number 473
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473 in Roman numerals
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Remote Education Provision
Blended Learning: Google Classrooms
Remote Education Provision Information
Please click on the link below for the user guide with detailed information on how to use Google Classrooms as a pupil or parent.
Google Classroom Student Guide
If you have an iPad or Tablet, the following guide might be helpful:
Google Classroom on an iPad or tablet
If your child needs to access their Google Classroom for remote learning, we recommend the following
The computer should have Google Chrome installed on it as this is best browser suited to support the Google platform.
You can download Google Chrome from https://www.google.com/intl/en_uk/chrome/
The parent or guardian should create a standard user account for the child to use on the computer. In this way the child won't be able to install any software on the computer and the child won't be able to accidentally delete any of the computer owners' files !
If the child uses their own account for accessing Google Classroom the web browser won't try and use a parent or guardians email address to try to login to the child's google account. This can be a cause of confusion when trying to gain access to G Suite.
Remember the G Suite login is just a login for the child. It does not offer an email facility to ensure your child's e-safety.
If you'd like to learn more about G Suite for Education, then check out the Youtube channel "Google in Education"


- Find Your Location
- Pay Your Bill
For tooth and jaw procedures that go beyond the expertise of a general dentist, you might need oral surgery. Our doctors specialize in Tooth Extractions and Root Canals. Schedule an Appointment Today!
In certain instances, a tooth may be so damaged or failing beyond repair that the tooth must be extracted. The tooth could be causing extreme pain, discomfort, or infection. If any of these situations arise, an exam from the dentist will determine if a tooth extraction is the best option and that the entire tooth will be removed from the jawbones. A general dentist can perform one of two types of extractions: simple or surgical. Simple extraction is a quick process to remove a tooth that’s visible in the mouth and surgical is for teeth that aren’t visible yet, such as the wisdom teeth.
When the soft inner section of the tooth, known as the pulp, becomes infected, the entire tooth begins to die. A root canal treatment removes the pulp from the tooth to stop the infection from continuing and spreading to the other teeth. The root canal will also relieve the patient’s pain and allow proper healing. Once the pulp is removed, the dentist will need to use a filling material inside the tooth or place a crown over the tooth to protect it from damage and future infections. A root canal will also stop the bacteria from entering the blood and infecting other parts of the body. Patients with heart problems, including congenital defects and artificial heart valves, are at higher risk of developing an infection and should take antibiotics before and after their root canal treatment.
Common oral surgeries include wisdom teeth removal, dental implant placement, jaw surgery, and gum grafting.
To prepare for oral surgery, follow your dentist’s instructions for any dietary restrictions, medications to avoid, and any preoperative testing.
The length of recovery after oral surgery varies depending on the type and complexity of the procedure, but it can range from a few days to several weeks.


Causes of Corruption in Nigeria Several factors have been pinpointed by scholars as responsible for the enthronement of corrupt practices in the developing countries. These factors cut across sociocultural differences, ethno-linguistic divisions, and political variables. Some of the more notable reasons why corruption has become endemic in Nigeria are highlighted below: 1. Political office as an avenue for wealth accumulation: Political offices are seen as an avenue for accumulating wealth by Nigeria’s political elites thus, they regard the appointment or election into political offices as a must have at all cost (Agwu, 2011). Politics provides the easiest route to wealth and status and politicians do anything to acquire political office including vote buying, politically motivated killings, and electoral fraud. Political offices are used by the officeholders for appropriating material benefits for themselves, their allies, and kinship members (Seteolu, 2005). 2. Weak enforcement on the part of governmental control mecha- nisms: The various anti-corruption agencies and government initiatives to control corruption in Nigeria have been ineffective and the country continues to rank as very corrupt on the world corruption index, occupying in 2018 the 144th position out of 180 countries in the index maintained by Transparency International (TI, 2018). 3. Lack of transparency and accountability in governance Transparency and public accountability are important elements in the maintenance of democratic forms of government. In Nigeria, the political leaders holding public offices care very little about maintaining transparency in governance (Nnamdi, 2009). Accountability requires that public officials be obligated to give account of their official decisions and actions to the public. However, the conditions in Nigeria are quite different elected officials do not account for their political actions and decisions and especially there is very little financial accountability (Daily Trust, 2013; Ochulor, Metuonu, & Asuo, 2011; New York Times, 2012).


On this edition of tip Thursday we connect the dots by sharing five tips under five subheadings on why you shouldn’t totally avoid saturated fat, the importance of consuming protein and olive oil, eating vegetables and fruits. Enjoy!
DON’T FEAR SATURATED FAT
Saturated fat has been controversial. While it’s true that saturated fat raises cholesterol levels, it also raises HDL (good) cholesterol and shrinks your LDL (bad) particles, which is linked to a lower risk of heart disease.
New studies in hundreds of thousands of people have questioned the association between saturated fat intake and heart disease.
DON’T OVERCOOK OR BURN YOUR MEAT
Meat can be a nutritious and healthy part of your diet. It’s very high in protein and contains various important nutrients.
However, problems occur when meat is overcooked or burnt. This can lead to the formation of harmful compounds that raise your risk of cancer
EAT VEGETABLES AND FRUITS
Vegetables and fruits are loaded with prebiotic fiber, vitamins, minerals, and many antioxidants, some of which have potent biological effects.
Studies show that people who eat the most vegetables and fruits live longer and have a lower risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other illnesses.
MAKE SURE TO EAT ENOUGH PROTEIN
Eating enough protein is vital for optimal health. What’s more, this nutrient is particularly important for weight loss.
High protein intake can boost metabolism significantly while making you feel full enough to automatically eat fewer calories. It can also reduce cravings and your desire to snack late at night.
Sufficient protein intake has also been shown to lower blood sugar and blood pressure levels.
USE EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL
Extra virgin olive oil is one of the healthiest vegetable oils. It’s loaded with heart-healthy monounsaturated fats and powerful antioxidants that can fight inflammation.
Extra virgin olive oil benefits heart health, as people who consume it have a much lower risk of dying from heart attacks and strokes.


Parents of African American Children (PAAC) Committees work in collaboration with Parent Teacher Associations at Durham Public Schools. Our mission is to inspire students to achieve academic success while expecting higher educational standards from their schools. Our goals are
- to engage more parents in efforts to eliminate opportunity gaps and educational disparities;
- to help make the culture and climate of schools more supportive of Black parents’ engagement;
- to increase participation of Black parents in school leadership; and
- to facilitate and support participation of parents as advocates for Black children.
PAAC Committees have operated within the established PTA structure to support and advocate for parents and teachers with prioritized consideration for racial equity and equal educational opportunities. PAAC began in 2016 when the George Watts PTA hosted a meeting for parents with Black students. From this meeting, the George Watts Parents of African American Children committee began.
The goals of this committee are to hear the concerns of parents with Black children, collaborate with the school personnel to find solutions, and be a social network for parents with similar concerns. PAAC also brought race-based conversation, culturally responsive pedagogy, and intentional focus to tutoring and support for Black and Brown children. At the end of the year results were increased participation of racially diverse parents and the greatest increase in the District for Black students on the End-Of-Grade tests, supporting the goal of students becoming college and career ready.
For more information about PAAC email firstname.lastname@example.org.
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How to cool cities – level 3
In the 1960s, an average of two heatwaves happen a year in the US. In the 2010s, the number increased to six as heatwaves became more frequent in the US and across the world.
In a rather new concept, people want to design cities to cool them against the heat. Ventilation corridors increase the wind speed in an area to bring the temperature down a few degrees. Architects also arrange buildings in certain patterns, and they add shade structures throughout communities.
Greenery is another good method to cool cities. In 1967, Singapore started its garden city with many planted trees and added new parks. The city is creating sky gardens and adding greenery on tall buildings.
In the US, some cities offer incentives to install green roofs, and the department of energy plans to start a grant program to build green roofs on public schools.
Lighter color paint on roofs and roads lighter colors is another option, since they reflect more solar energy.
Difficult words: concept (a plan or idea), ventilation corridor (a long space to allow fresh air into a place), incentive (a motivation to encourage someone to do something).
You can watch the video news lower on this page.
What do you think about this news?
LEARN 3000 WORDS with NEWS IN LEVELS
News in Levels is designed to teach you 3000 words in English. Please follow the instructions
How to improve your English with News in Levels:
- Do the test at Test Languages.
- Go to your level. Go to Level 1 if you know 1-1000 words. Go to Level 2 if you know 1000-2000 words. Go to Level 3 if you know 2000-3000 words.
- Read two news articles every day.
- Read the news articles from the day before and check if you remember all new words.
- Listen to the news from today and read the text at the same time.
- Listen to the news from today without reading the text.
- Answer the question under today’s news and write the answer in the comments.
- Choose one person from the Skype section.
- Talk with this person. You can answer questions from Speak in Levels.
Stock images by Depositphotos


Embryo implantation is a complex process; primary step in implantation is the initiation of dialogue between free floating blastocyst and the receptive endometrium. This is followed by a stable adhesion of the blastocyst anchors to the endometrial basal lamina and stromal extracellular matrix. The last step is invasion of the embryo through the luminal epithelium and its basal lamina into the uterine stroma. Successful embryo implantation depends up on number of factors like steroid hormones (progesterone, estrogen), Cyclooxygenases, prostaglandins, cytokines, growth factors, transcription factors (HOXA-10 and HOXA-11), and adhesion molecules (integrins, selectins, cadherins, mucins) and receptive endometrium. Importantly, there is timely regulation of these factors and their cross talk which mediates the implantation process. Blastocyst is unable to implant successfully if there is deregulation in any of these factors leading to pregnancy loss. In this chapter we reviewed the information available till date to provide possible causes of implantation failure and its positive outcomes.
Keywords: Implantation, endometrial receptivity, growth factors, cytokines, hormones, adhesion molecules.


In 1904, A. J. Selwood of Miniota and R. J. Denny of Douglas started the Riverside Brick Yard located nine miles south of Douglas, where they had discovered a deposit of brick-quality clay 6-8 feet deep on the bank of the Assiniboine River. Their plant produced red-coloured brick.
Manitoba Brick Yards by Randy Rostecki, Manitoba Historic Resources Branch Report, May 2010.
This page was prepared by Gordon Goldsborough.
Page revised: 9 May 2020
A history of the manufacture of bricks and concrete blocks in Manitoba, based on research by Randy Rostecki for the Manitoba Historic Resources Branch and supplemented by information compiled by Gordon Goldsborough of the Manitoba Historical Society. .
Bricks | Blocks | People | Glossary
We thank Hugh Arklie, Gordon McDiarmid, and Heather Bertnick for their help in the development of this online guide. Financial support of the Thomas Sill Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. Additional information was provided by Ina Bramadat, David Butterfield, Neil Christoffersen, Frank Korvemaker, Ed Ledohowski, Ken Storie, Lynette Stow, and Tracey Winthrop-Meyers.
Randy Rostecki, Manitoba Historic Resources Branch, Gordon Goldsborough, and Manitoba Historical Society.
All rights reserved.


How to Change Violin Strings
How can I change my violin strings?
Fitting your new strings
Modern strings rarely break if correctly fitted to a violin in good condition. The following notes will help you to get the best life from your new strings.
- Uncoil strings carefully to avoid twisting or kinking. Pull the string gently through thumb and index finger to check for any irregularity.
- Check your bridge and top nut for sharp edges. The grooves should not be deeper than half the diameter of the string and no wider than the string.
- Apply graphite in the form of soft pencil lead, 2B or 3B, liberally to the grooves in bridge and top nut.
- It is inadvisable to use single fine tuners for the lower 3 strings. These fine tuners are designed for E strings only, the slots are too narrow for the thicker bindings and can cause premature failure. If you require 4 tuners, you can use a tailpiece with 4 integrated tuners which have wide slots designed for the lower 3 strings.
- Please do not use fine tuners for gut cored strings. These strings are not designed for use in fine tuners and can be damaged by them.
- Fit the strings referring to the illustration below.
- Support the strings away from the groove in the nut for as long as possible.
- Tune a semitone flat and wait 10 minutes or so, then pull gently up to pitch. Do not tune sharp, always tune up to the note to maintain tension.


The Conciergerie, on Paris's Ile de la Cité, became notorious as a revolutionary prison: Marie Antoinette and Robespierre were both held here before their executions. However, the building's history goes back far further and while the upper levels are dedicated to this prison history, the ground floor is an impressive piece of mediaeval architecture.
In fact, the ground floor is now some way below modern street level, so you enter by descending a staircase, and the windows are blocked giving it something of a cathedral crypt ambience. It is all that remains of the palace which originally occupied the site. Charles V left this palace for the Louvre after a popular invasion in 1358 which had seen his father's advisors killed, and created the post of Concierge to administer the building and its prison. By the following century it had become one of Paris's largest prisons.
The salle des gens d'armes dates from 1302, and was restored in the nineteenth century. It is the largest secular mediaeval room surviving in Europe, 64 metres long. To warm such a large space, each of the four walls had its own fireplace. Since the palace employed several thousand staff, the generously-sized space was very much needed! Staircases led up to the Great Hall, which burned down in 1618. However, its antechamber, the Salle des Gardes, still survives and features some fascinating column capitals:
Stunning photos and fascinating,as ever!
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Racial Slavery, Marronage & Freedom: A 10th Anniversary Retrospective Exhibition
09/22/2022 to 12/31/2022
Center for the Study of Slavery & Justice
Racial Slavery, Marronage & Freedom:
A Different Story of Freedom
There is a different story of human freedom other than the conventional ones told to us. In the conventional story of freedom, freedom is sometimes an ideal; other times it is connected to individual choice and then sometimes it is understood as a negative kind of freedom – a freedom from. All these versions of freedom primarily focus on politics, or our capacity to purchase a consumer good. But there is another kind of freedom, one which emerged from racial slavery: Black freedom.
Historical sociologists tell us that in Western society the ideas and practices of freedom emerged in Greek slave society. One central meaning of this freedom was the right to participate in political life. Over time in the West, this idea became dominant and within the framework of the American and French revolutions in the 18th century, the dominant idea of freedom was linked to that of political liberty. Just recall all the talk and proclamations about liberty during the American Revolution. None of it was meant for the enslaved Africans nor the dispossessed Indigenous population. Then the prevailing idea of “slavery” for the white male settler was a lack of political equality, not the racial slavery nor indentured servitude of the Indigenous population. Let’s just recall Stephen Hopkins’ best-selling pamphlet at the time, Rights of the Colonies Examined, in which he argued for political independence and political equality (right to vote) but was silent about the system of racial slavery. So, the constitutive grounds for the making of America was racial slavery, Indian genocide and dispossession. We cannot think of the historical significances and meanings of America today without recognizing these historical grounds. Yet, if the dominant idea and practices of freedom in the Americas were linked to ideas of political liberty and then economic choice, there was another, a distinctive idea and practice which emerged from the enslaved African population in the Americas.


This week is Mental Health Awareness Week. It is a vital time to spread awareness and knowledge about mental health and the impact it has on many lives around the world. Run by UK charity Mental Health Foundation, the theme this year is stress.
Stress in itself is not a mental health diagnosis but it is an important factor that can lead to anxiety, depression, self-harm and even suicide. It also has physical health implications, such as an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Reading about stress made me recall my days as an intern medical doctor in a rural South African hospital, and the stress that I endured in the overwhelming hospital environment. In the beginning I could not recognise that the physical and mental symptoms I was experiencing were related to stress and burnout syndrome. I found myself exhibiting signs of:
• Physical and mental fatigue
• Depressed mood
• Detachment from my work and patients
• Sense of failure
After talking to my peers and doing some of my own research, I realised that I had burnout syndrome. I had never been prepared or warned about it as young professional. I also learned that as a female doctor I had 60% greater chance of experiencing burnout stress than my male colleagues. This was is related to gender-based expectations and societal pressures that women experience on a regular basis.
Burnout syndrome is a form of chronic stress. It is an alarm clock to a more serious problem and needs to be addressed as early as possible. In my instance, I spoke to my senior doctors and supervisors about how I was feeling. They helped me reduce the levels of stress I’d been feeling by finding me additional assistance for my workload. I started to focus on lifestyle changes to alleviate the symptoms such as eating healthily, exercising, and talking to someone about the frustrations I was dealing with at work.
We need to have active dialogues about stress and burnout. Ask yourself if you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above. Involve others in that self-reflection. Start this week – discuss amongst your friends, your work peers and your family. Let’s engage in conversation so that we can recognise stress and allow ourselves to receive the help and treatment we need to handle it.


We expect every research study to have some inherent random error because samples cannot exactly reflect the entire population. However, we hope to avoid bias. Bias is a systematic deviation from the truth, or systematic error. There are many different forms of bias because it can occur at any stage of the process from the conceptualization of the question, to the way the research is conducted, to the way the research is discussed and presented. Many different forms of bias have been described, and researchers should be aware of potential sources of bias and try to avoid them during the conduct of the research and during the publication process.
1Clinicians need to worry about bias in research as it could lead to errors in evidence-based clinical decision-making.
- Pannucci C.J.
- Wilkins E.G.
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- NIH Public Access.Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011; 126: 619-625https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181de24bc.Identifying
- Empirical evidence for selective reporting of outcomes in randomized trials.JAMA. 2004; 291: 2457-2465https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.20.2457
- Don't Let the Truth Get in the Way of a Good Story: An Illustration of Citation Bias in Epidemiologic Research.Am J Epidemiol. 2014; 180: 446-448
© 2017 Hanley & Belfus, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


Healthcare organizations spend tens of millions on sophisticated data collection and storage, yet it is hard to define what data is worth to an organization. What is its true value? This depends entirely on how the organization uses it. If an organization does not understand how to interpret and make use of their current and historical data, they will not optimize the return on this significant investment.
Numbers mean nothing by themselves. Whether it’s an income statement, community demographics, or COVID hospitalizations, all data receives its meaning only when interpreted in context. This is why people can look at the same set of numbers and come away with two very different conclusions. Without context, data is useless.
For example, many organizations have terabytes upon terabytes of data stored, but when your context is “these unprecedented times,” how valuable is that historical data? You must have an understanding of the situation surrounding the historical data to understand whether and how it can be properly applied to current conditions.
It is also wise to consider the context of the person, team, or organization interpreting the data. Do they have a wide range or many years of experience? Do they have particular expertise to understand the nuances of the numbers they’re reading?
It is natural and right for organizations to desire to avoid past mistakes. One of the ways they venture to do that is through data analysis to pinpoint what went wrong. However, the numbers alone are not enough to prevent repeating history. It takes a deeper level of discernment to avoid both relying on past data too much and ignoring relevant data points. It requires balance.


Cognitive decline is an all-too-familiar hallmark of age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. While there is much research that focuses exclusively on functional changes in the brain, the so-called gut-brain axis - a connection between the digestive system and the central nervous system - also appears to play a pivotal role. It raises the question: Could nutritional interventions, to nurture the health of the gut microbiome, also help prevent or reverse age-related dementia? In 2018, Dr. Julie Andersen, a scientist at the Buck Institute for Research On Aging, in California, received a $3.8 million grant to explore the hypothesis. In this LLAMA podcast episode, Dr. Andersen discusses the work of her laboratory, and the idea that a gut metabolite, urolithin A, could play an important role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- Working at the Buck Institute for Research On Aging - the only freestanding institute studying aging and age-related disease.
- A multi-disciplinary approach to aging research, embracing a range of diseases and mechanisms that drive-age related conditions.
- Evolving definitions of aging.
- Exploring autophagy, mitochondrial function, urolithin A and muscle health, in relation to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
- The science and logic behind restoring an older person's gut microbiome to that of a younger person.
- Building on "exciting" clinical trials, by Amazentis, looking at the efficacy, in older humans, of Urolithin A, to enhance muscle function.
- Exploring the relatively new area of study known as the gut-brain axis.
- Explaining the scientific process, grants and clinical trials.
- How preliminary preclinical trial data suggests urolithin fed to mice may prevent cognitive loss associated with Alzheimer's disease.
- Turning 60 and aspirations for a long healthspan.
- David Katz: Robust health beyond the pandemic
- Stuart Phillips: Boosting physical strength as we age
- Stephanie Blum: Embracing and marketing the science of wellbeing
- Johan Auwerx: Enjoying youthful vitality as we age
- Navindra Seeram: The rejuvenating power of plants
- Patrick Aebischer: A novel molecule to promote longevity
- Anurag Singh: Pomegranates, muscle mass and healthy aging
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Government should implement legislation, address gaps in protection for victims.
By Rothna Begum
HRW (29.09.2020) – https://bit.ly/3nnWZtq – This month, after years of activism, Kuwaiti women’s rights activists won a new law establishing protections against domestic violence. The need for this law was underscored on September 9 when Fatima al-Ajmi, aged 35 and pregnant, was shot repeatedly and killed, reportedly by a family member for marrying a man outside of her family’s community. Her killer had reportedly threatened her before.
In 2019, I spoke to nine women in Kuwait who described facing abuse from family members and husbands. They said they were either scared to go to the police or were turned away when they did. One hundred and fifty-five countries have legal protections against domestic violence, but until now, Kuwait had no explicit law setting out protection measures against domestic violence, or even shelters they could go to. Some laws, like article 153 in Kuwait’s Penal Code, even provide men with reduced sentences for killings of women found in the act of adultery.
On September 20, Kuwait began catching up to the global norm and issued a new Law on Protection from Domestic Violence, after the National Assembly passed it on August 19. The law creates a national committee – with representatives from different ministries and civil society – to draw up policies to combat and protect women from domestic violence. The committee will also submit recommendations to amend or repeal laws that contradict the new domestic violence law. The new legislation also establishes shelters and a hotline to receive domestic violence complaints, provides counseling and legal assistance for victims, and allows for emergency protection orders (restraining orders) to prevent abusers from contacting their victim.
However, the new law has serious gaps. While it provides penalties for violating protection orders, it does not set out penalties for domestic violence as a crime on its own. It also does not include former partners or people engaged in relationships outside of wedlock, including those engaged to be married or in unofficial marriages.
As the tragic killing of Fatima al-Ajmi has shown, these long-awaited protections are crucial. Kuwait’s real test will be ensuring implementation of its new law, filling remaining protection gaps, and emphasizing prevention, including by repealing discriminatory laws that leave women exposed to deadly violence.


What type of whales are they?
Humpbacks are baleen whales which means they use baleen (straw-like fibers) instead of teeth to filter the sea creatures that make up their diet. When in the Inside Passage they consume lots of herring and salmon fry and when in other waters they are known for eating krill (very small shrimp) and other small fish. They herd their prey together and gulp and consume them through their baleen.
When do they migrate?
During winter, some humpbacks will winter over in the Inside Passage and others will travel west to Hawaii(2) or south along the West Coast. In spring when the weather starts to warm up in the Northern Hemisphere, the whales that migrated for the winter will travel back east or north to the oceans around Alaska, Washington, and Canada.
What do they look like?
Humpback whales grow to be just under 50 feet long. They are also black with patches of white on their belly, throat, and flukes (the two wing-like sections of the tail) and they weigh about 35 tons.
How do they behave?
When you see them, they may simply be surfacing and shallow diving as they travel along or they may be engaging in behaviors such as:
Spyhopping: Poking their heads out of the water.
Breaching: propelling their bodies up out of the water.(3)
Lobtailing: Lifting their flukes out of the water and slapping them against the water’s surface.
They perform these behaviors for a multitude of reasons, including mating, food gathering, playing, etc.
And while humpbacks sleep in the water, in 49 years Captain Nick has observed a humpback whale sleeping only once.
Schedule your tour today for next spring, summer, or fall to see some of the world’s greatest creatures: humpback whales!
1 Alaska Department of Fish and Game “Humpback Whales”. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
2 “Alaska’s Best Whale Watching”. State of Alaska
. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
3 “Whale Behaviors”. NOAA: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved 6 December 2021.


Pope Benedict was a special church leader for many, not only in his country but worldwide primarily in Africa.
During his nearly nine year- pontificate Benedict XVI only made at least two trips to Africa, visiting Cameroon, Angola and the Benin Republic.
“His visit was limited to the two countries, but he intended to embrace in spirit of all the Africans…”
His first visit was in 2009, which marked the 11th visit at the capital of Cameroon from March 17th to the 20th.
Pope Benedict then continued with his journey to Angola from the 20th-23rd of March 2009 and during his visit, he spoke about the challenges that the continent was facing by then.
During his public address, he remembered masses of people in Africa who suffered from AIDS and TB, and he encouraged the church to play its role as a comforter to those who are suffering as he offered an example of Simon of Cyrene.
The late Pope Benedict also made some calls during his visit to end conflicts in Africa and to restore peace.
During the unfortunately numerous and tragic conflicts which still afflict various regions of the continent, the church knows she must be a sign and instrument of unity and reconciliation so that the whole of Africa may build together a future of Justice.
Pope Benedict was from German, and he was once quote saying spiritual garbage is poisoning Africa.


While we admit the value of a concordance for various kinds of studies (literary, linguistic, philological, etc.), the situation is even more significant in the case of the Ethiopian Bible, since we do not have enough tools in this regard. One can mention here the concordance to the Ethiopian version of the Psalms by Monica Devens, which is one of the rare contributions in this field (Wiesbaden, 2001). Lusini has also produced one on the Ascension of Isaiah (Wiesbaden, 2003). The concordance is based on the edition called Mahebara Hawariat, which was compiled by Ethiopian scholars. It reproduces the textus receptus. The first column gives the number of occurrences of each word in the mentioned biblical books in Ge’ez. This allows the reader to see whether a term is particularly common or rare in the Ethiopian Bible. The next column indicates the entry, strictly according to alphabetical order, taking into account syllabic vocalisation (cf. Dillmann, A., Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae cum indice latino [Reproductio phototypica editionis 1865], Osnabrück, Biblio Verlag, 1970 Dillmann, Lexicon).
Since the entry reproduces a term as it occurs in the biblical text, one can look up the occurrences without necessarily knowing the root of a particular noun or verb. The next column gives the exact location of the entry, namely the chapter and verse, and the last column provides the context (or quotation) in which each word occurs, which is essential for semantic analysis.
Concordance of the Acts, Catholic Epistles and Apocalypse
Concordance of the four Gospels
Concordance of the Pauline Epistles


When we think of speech therapy, we usually think about children learning to differentiate the pronunciation between their W’s and L’s, or helping them get rid of their toddler lisp. But as we grow older, it is still important to keep our communication abilities in good condition, especially for seniors. They need to be able to communicate their pains or discomforts they are having in emergency situations. Aside from informing others about physical concerns, there is a huge social impact of having bad communication issues. At South Coast Post Acute Care, we give our seniors the best therapy that can help in many different ways. Speech therapy can improve:
Swallowing: Aging weakens the muscles we used to swallow food and liquids. With weakening muscles, seniors are more susceptible to choking while eating or drinking. Speech therapy strengthens these muscles and helps the swallowing reflex, giving seniors more security while enjoying a meal.
Vocal Cords: Vocal cords can lose their elasticity with age, which affects the larynx and makes it more difficult to communicate. Therapy can keep the vocal cords from becoming less elastic and strengthens them, which in turn leads to better communication.
Depression: Losing the ability to communicate effectively can lead to isolation and social exclusion, making seniors depressed and lonely. Having therapy to adequately interact with others and participate in social activities is an integral part of life, which decreases depression.
Having skilled nursing in a post hospital care to work with you in speech therapy is an essential part of aging. Here at the South Coast Post Acute care community, we specialize in speech therapy which will improve quality of life. Don’t hesitate to seek out speech therapy, the sooner you start the better.
Real People. Remarkable Care. South Coast Post Acute.


Viruses undoubtedly are a serious menace to your computer system and your privacy. They are also known as harmful software, and may damage info on your computer. The good thing is that you can take care of yourself by viruses with antivirus application.
Antivirus application works by verifying your computer data files against a database of known https://connectsecure.info/best-secure-browsers/ malware. The solution also watches traffic to and from your pc and can coop afflicted files. Several antivirus software program also offers fire wall features to anticipate unapproved access to your pc.
A full program scan, or a quick scan, looks at the data on your computer, mainly because well as all of the external products connected to your PC. If there are any attacks, the antivirus security software software should quarantine the infected data files and inform you.
You will find three types of diagnosis devices employed by antivirus application: personal unsecured, behavior, and heuristic. Signature-based detection is definitely the old life. It uses an electronic fingerprint to check the incoming data for matches to well-known malware. Spyware and developers quite often tamper with signatures to stop detection.
Behavior-based detection, alternatively, looks for certain behaviors in files. This usually is best suited when made use of in combination with signature-based detection.
Malware safeguards is an expensive endeavor. Infections consume system resources, and slow down your PC. A good antivirus item will avoid malicious software program and other threats, while not taxing your personal computer resources.
You can discover antivirus application for sale on the net, at a store, or you can download that from the industry’s website. The majority of antivirus applications offer a free sample, and all offer money back guarantees.


Computer Tips-Keyboard Function Keys From F1 to F12!
Computer Tips-Keyboard Function Keys From F1 to F12
Many of us do a lot of work on the computer. But even after that, many things close to the computer remain unknown to us. As a result, we have to do many simple tasks through all the complexities. But if we try to know a little bit about all these small things then maybe the speed of working on our computer will increase more.
So today I am sharing with you the function of the function keys located on the computer keyboard. Basically, function keys are used to work on computer functions in a very short time. The keyboard has a total of 12 function keys from F1 to F12. And very naturally all the function keys work differently. So let’s find out what all these keys do.
F1 – The function of this key is to launch the Help menu. This means that no matter what program you are in if you press F1 directly from the keyboard, the HELP center/guide located in that program will appear in front of you.
F2 – This key is used to rename a folder.
F3 – Pressing this key will turn on the search option in Microsoft Windows, Office, Internet browsers, etc. programs.
F4 – can quickly paste the latest work/line in Microsoft Office. This is called the last action performed Repeat. Moreover, the program can be quickly closed by pressing Alt + F4.
F5 – This key is mainly used to refresh the computer. Moreover, it is also used for reloading pages in internet browsers.
F6 – Press the cursor to the address bar in an Internet browser.
F7 – This key can be used to correct grammar in Microsoft Office.
F8 – The computer can be turned on in Safe Mode by pressing this key when the computer is turned on.
F9 – Press Quark 5.0’s Measurement Toolbar.
F10 – Quickly select the menu bar by pressing.
F11 – Quick full screen with key.
With F12 – Avro Keyboard can be converted from English to Bengali layout.
As far as I know, all these things can be done with these keys. If you know more about these keys, you can share them with us in the comments. Thanks.


The Skills Guide for Facility Managers details 10 must-have traits for those new to the industry
This peer-to-peer networking session will cover best practices for working with young facility professionals
A comparison with a baseline across a set period will help managers identify the source and timing of potential water waste, as well as opportunities for improvement. For example, continued use of irrigation water during wet weather is a common source of waste for many organizations.
Leaking fixtures also represent a common source of waste. A seemingly slow leak adds up over time, and if the leak occurs in a hot-water fixture, it also wastes energy. Also, leaks in an irrigation system's in-ground piping can go undetected for extended periods.
Over-irrigation is another common sources of water waste. Traditional sprinkler systems operate on timers, regardless of the weather. In desert climates, system operators usually set these timers to operate at night to minimize evaporation and maximize infiltration. To increase water savings, managers can specify products that determine watering cycles based on the landscape's needs.
Other common sources of waste include malfunctioning HVAC systems, such as poorly operating cooling towers. An auditor can identify waste in this case by investigating the actual use based on water bills.
Water Audit: Obtain Fixture Flow Rates, Waste-Line Sizes
Water Audit: Create a Fixture Inventory
Water Audit: Identify Water Waste


To help your child become an autonomous and resilient learner:
Foster his ability to exercise self-control.
The teenage brain is incredibly plastic and ripe for learning. As Dr. Laurence Steinberg explains in his book Age of Opportunity, this makes adolescence both a vulnerable time (because the brain can be damaged by harmful experiences) and a time of extraordinary opportunity.
The part of the brain that is most actively changing and adapting during adolescence is the pre-frontal cortex. This part of the brain is responsible for executive functioning: things like differentiating between conflicting concepts, planning and organizing, and exercising self-control.
Throughout his book, Steinberg stresses the importance self-control to adolescent success and wellbeing. A person who can exercise self-control is better able to persevere and delay gratification and is less likely to take unnecessary risks or succumb to stress.
To help your child develop self-control, stick to the basic principles of authoritative parenting:
• Show your child affection and respect; this will make him feel safe and self-confident.
• Establish predictable and healthy routines for him; this will help him develop good habits.
• Set challenges for your child; this will expose him to appropriate levels of risk and reward.
• Give your child responsibilities; this will help him develop autonomy and self-sufficiency.


The 2022 Northern Hemisphere summer was one of the hottest ever recorded in Europe with over 24,000 heat-related fatalities, and brought intense heatwaves to parts of China and North America.
The 2022 Northern Hemisphere summer was one of the hottest ever recorded in Europe with over 24,000 heat-related fatalities, and brought intense heatwaves to parts of China and North America. It was also very dry, and the resulting drought caused widespread water shortages, wildfires and crop failures leading to higher food prices, as well as impacts on electricity supply.
An international team of climate scientists led by the research group of Sonia Seneviratne, Professor for Land-Climate Dynamics at ETH Zurich, now analysed the possible influence of climate change on this extreme weather event. Their external pagestudycall_made published by the World Weather Attribution group estimates that human-caused climate change made soil moisture drought conditions in the Northern Hemisphere at least 20 times more likely, threatening crop production and adding further pressure to food prices and food security.
Intense agricultural and ecological droughts
For their study, the researchers analysed soil moisture levels in June, July and August 2022, across the whole Northern Hemisphere, excluding the tropics. They also focused on Western and Central Europe, which experienced particularly severe drought with substantially reduced crop yields. Soil moisture dryness in the top metre of soil, known as the root zone where plants extract water, is often referred to as agricultural and ecological drought.
Read more at: ETH Zurich


Remember that big green worm with the red horn on its tail that was eating your tomato plants in July? Well, over the last month it has burrowed into the soil, pupated, and emerged as a big moth that shows up after sunset and feeds from flowers at night.
The moths are called “hummingbird moths” because they look and act so much like hummingbirds, being able to hover over a flower and drink from it in flight. Also, like hummingbirds, they are fast fliers, zipping back and forth among blossoms. The moth’s tongue is actually longer than its body, allowing it to extract nectar from deep-throated blossoms.
These hummingbird moths, which are also called sphinx moths, can have wingspans up to 4 inches. The moths are gray with darker gray and black markings, and they have yellow or orange spots on the sides of their abdomens.
The moths’ larvae, those green caterpillars known as hornworms, feed on Solanaceous plants like tomato and tobacco. They have also been found on potato, eggplant and peppers, and they can thrive on these plants’ wild relatives such as jimsonweed, tropical soda apple and horse nettle.
Tomato hornworms and tobacco hornworms are similar in appearance and behavior, and both feed on tomato and tobacco plants.
The larvae are harmless to humans; the red horn on the rear end is flexible and cannot stick you. The best way to manage the pests is to be vigilant and pick each caterpillar off the plant as soon as you see it. Save it, and you can give it to a local schoolteacher for classroom demonstrations.
After the larva has fed to fullness, and is about 3 or 4 inches long, it crawls down into the soil and changes into the pupal stage. The pupa is distinctive in having a loop, almost like a shepherd’s crook, at one end; this is where the mouthparts of the adult moth form.
The reddish-brown pupa will remain underground until next spring when the adult moth will emerge from the pupal skin, through the soil and start the cycle all over again. If your garden is already planted when these moths emerge in the spring, they may lay their first batch of eggs on your young tomato plants, so keep an eye out for hungry caterpillars.