Why did Jesus do miracles?
When Jesus lived on this earth, he made some astounding claims. As a twelve-year-old, Jesus reminded his parents that God was his Father. In his sermons he said things like, “I am the light of the world… I am the way, the truth and the life… I am the living bread that came down from heaven…” (John 8:12, 14:6, 6:51). Near the end of his life, Jesus answered the question “Are you the Son of God,” saying, “Yes, it is as you say” (Matthew 26:64).
Jesus claimed to be divine. One would think that the divine would be able to do things on earth that mere humans could not. If Jesus really were divine, he should have been able to perform miracles.
Jesus did just that. He healed the sick, walked on water and even raised the dead. These miracles helped to support his claim that he was the true God come to earth to save mankind. Jesus said, “Believe me when I say that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; or at least believe on the evidence of the miracles themselves” (John 14:11).
Jesus’ miracles did more than just support his divine claims. Jesus’ miracles provided him an audience to hear his message. Some came to see Jesus drawn by the prospect of seeing or receiving a miracle. When they came, Jesus also took the opportunity to tell them about the good news of forgiveness.
However, Jesus’ miracles were no mere marketing tool. Jesus genuinely cared about people and used his divine power to bring healing and happiness. The Bible tells us, “When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick” (Matthew 14:14).
Finally, Jesus’ miracles helped to build up the faith of those who believed in him. For example, one night Jesus slept in a boat while a deadly storm raged on the sea. Deathly afraid, Jesus’ friends woke him up and pleaded with him to do something. In a miracle of divine proportions, Jesus raised his hands, rebuked the wind and the water, and the storm immediately calmed (Luke 8:22-25). Jesus’ miracle of power over the storm helped bolster the weak faith of his friends.


What is Naegele's rule?
Your due date, the calulated day when the baby is due, is the most important information you should know. Not because the baby will be born exactly on that day, only 5% of all babies are born on their due date, and 80% are born within 2 weeks before and after the due date. Your due date is important because everything being done during prenatal care and decisions made related to information and interventions relie on the exact due date. If you are off by even 1-2 weeks then mistakes can be made.
I am therefore shocked to find all the time websites that misinform you about the due date like this here.
That website mentions a calculation called the "Naegele's rule" (they even misspell the name of Franz Karl Naegele after whom it was named. Naegele's true rule is to add 7 days then 9 months to the first day of the last menstrual period, but by mistake they say to add 15 days which is incorrect. For example, your last period was April 1,2016 then the correct calculation would give a due date of January 8, 2017.
A much better way to calculate the due date would be to use the BabyMed due date calculator, which makes it much more precise by letting you enter more precise dates like the date of ovulation, or the normal length of your menstrual cycle. The correct due date would be January 5, and not January 16 if you use the incorrect calculation.


Course Hero. "Angela's Ashes Study Guide." Course Hero. 23 Aug. 2017. Web. 28 May 2023. <https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Angelas-Ashes/>.
Course Hero. (2017, August 23). Angela's Ashes Study Guide. In Course Hero. Retrieved May 28, 2023, from https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Angelas-Ashes/
(Course Hero, 2017)
Course Hero. "Angela's Ashes Study Guide." August 23, 2017. Accessed May 28, 2023. https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Angelas-Ashes/.
Course Hero, "Angela's Ashes Study Guide," August 23, 2017, accessed May 28, 2023, https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Angelas-Ashes/.
Frank McCourt is the author, first-person narrator, and main character of Angela's Ashes.
Angela's Ashes is written mostly in the present tense. Using the narrative past tense at the beginning to provide a context for his story, the author uses the present tense to create scenes of childhood and adolescence that seem to happen before the reader's eyes.
The title Angela's Ashes has several meanings. First, the ashes refer to those falling from the cigarettes Frank McCourt's mother, Angela McCourt, née Sheehan, smokes constantly. Second, the ashes refer to those smoldering in the fireplace, providing little warmth during the harsh Irish winters. Additionally, Frank McCourt himself clarifies the meaning: Angela's Ashes and 'Tis, his second memoir, were to be a single book, ending after his mother's death. The memoir, however, was split in two. 'Tis ends with his mother's ashes being scattered at a graveyard in Limerick, Ireland. Therefore, the ashes in the title refer primarily to his mother's remains.
This study guide and infographic for Frank McCourt's Angela's Ashes offer summary and analysis on themes, symbols, and other literary devices found in the text. Explore Course Hero's library of literature materials, including documents and Q&A pairs.


Maria Varelas, Lynne Pieper, Amy Arsenault, Christine C. Pappas and Neveen Keblawe-Shamah
In this study, we examined opportunities for reasoning and meaning making that read-alouds of children’s literature science information books and related hands-on explorations offered to young Latina/o students in an urban public school. Using a qualitative, interpretative framework, we analyzed classroom discourse and children’s writing and drawing in a 3rd grade class during five instructional days that focused on the same science topic (earthworms and their features, behaviors, habitat, etc.) and included read-aloud sessions of print and digital books on earthworms along with observations and experiments with real earthworms. We identified ways in which dialogically shared read-alouds of children’s literature science books on earthworms became tools for children’s meaning making that involved a variety of types of reasoning (causal, teleological, comparative, analogical) in the form of questions, statements, or mini-stories, and how the teacher mediated the children’s engagement in reasoning. We also identified unique opportunities that hands-on explorations offered children to extend their ideas about earthworms, sprinkle their reasoning with playfulness, imbue affect in their meaning making, exhibit sensitivity to suffering and personal connections, and consider ethical treatment of animals. The study findings highlight the synergistic relationship between informational texts and hands-on explorations and point to the significance and usefulness of incorporating both in science instruction so that we maximize the richness of children’s learning experiences by offering them multiple access points and pathways via the assets they bring to the classroom and the ones they co-construct with their teacher and peers.


Context types example
This code defines a class
MyApp which extends BaseComponent from the
The class has an
init$ object that sets initial values for four properties:
firstis set to the string 'FIRST'.
attris set to an empty string.
*secondis set to the string 'SECOND'.
myctx/thirdis set to the string 'THIRD'.
init$ object also defines an
onClick method that updates the value of
property to the current timestamp when the first
<div> element is clicked.
The class has a static
template property that defines an HTML template for the component
using the Symbiote template syntax. The template defines four
<div> elements, each of which
displays the value of one of the four properties defined in the
The class also uses the
bindAttributes() method to map an attribute named
attr property, which means that if the
attr-test attribute is set on an
instance of the component, the value of that attribute will be stored in the
Finally, the class registers itself as a custom element with the name
reg() method from the
BaseComponent class, which means that instances of the
component can be created and inserted into the DOM using the


Relaxing breathing techniques for Stress & Anxiety
Slow your breath
The lungs contain slow and fast stretch receptors. When you breathe slowly, the slow stretch receptors pick up this movement and send feedback to the nervous system that you are safe. After all, when you aren’t under threat you don’t need a fast supply of oxygen to fight or run! So the lesson here is simple: slow down your breathing until there is a gentle, gradual stream of breath entering and exiting your body.
This may seem overly simple, but so often we’re encouraged to take BIG breaths to calm down, an instruction that can make us suck in breath quickly.
Lengthen the exhale
- When you feel yourself getting stressed or anxious, still your body and notice the way you’re breathing
- Intentionally slow down the breath, maybe repeating the mantra “slow” on the inhale, and “down” on the exhale
- Take your inhales down into the belly, keeping your shoulders and chest heavy and relaxed
- Emphasise your exhales by making them longer than the inhales, and perhaps pursing the lips or making a “shhh” sound through your teeth
- Effects can be felt right away, but for deeper effects and long-term stress prevention, continue these techniques for 10-20 minutes on a regular basis


Megan Richards - The 2006 Wendy's E. coli O121:H19 Outbreak
On June 30, 2006, Megan Richards attended a CORE luncheon in Harrisville, Utah, where she ate a BLT catered by a nearby Wendy’s. Unfortunately, the L in her BLT turned out to be contaminated with a rare strain of E. coli bacteria: E. coli O121:H19, which would leave her with severe, long-term health problems.
After her initial symptoms of food poisoning did not resolve themselves, Megan was admitted to the hospital 8 days after eating the contaminated food. Her kidneys began to fail due to a severe complication of E. coli poisoning called hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). She experienced seizures, blood clots, and days on end of delirium. Sixteen days later, she was released, only to begin an intensive regime of dialysis, followed by a lifetime of negative effects of her infection. She incurred lasting central nervous system damage, and will likely require multiple kidney transplants in the future.
An investigation by the Weber-Morgan Health Department concluded that four people had been sickened by iceburg lettuce served by the Wendy’s of North Ogden, Utah the last four days of June. Three of these four people developed HUS from their infections. More than 300 people were thought to have been exposed to the contaminated lettuce at the June 30 luncheon.
Marler Clark represented Megan and the other victims of the outbreak, including another woman and a family with a child who also developed HUS. All of their claims were successfully resolved. To read more about the 2006 Wendy's E. coli outbreak and lawsuits visit the Marler Clark Website.


27 Feb Black Necked Crane
Posted at 27 Feb 2021 in Current Affairs 0 Comments
(General Studies paper- 3, Ecology
Source- The Hindu
Recently a group of Buddhist monks in Tawang district has opposed the Arunachal Pradesh government’s renewed push for hydropower projects.
About the Black Necked Cranes-
- Both the sexes are almost of the same size but male is slightly bigger than female.
- The upper long neck, head primarily and secondary flight feathers and tail are completely black and body plumage is pale gray
- A conspicuous red crown adorns the head
Habitat and Breeding Ground-
- The high altitude wetland of the Tibetan plateau, Sichuan and eastern Ladakh are the main breeding ground of the species, the birds spend winter at lower altitudes.
- In Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh , it only comes during winters.
- In Arunachal Pradesh, it can be seen in three areas-
Sangti Valley in West Kameng district
Zemithang in Tawang district
Chug valley in Tawang district
IUCN Red list- Near Threatened
Indian Wildlife( Protection) Act- 1972
- Damage to the eggs and chicks
- Loss of Habitat


Difficult to grasp and harder still to achieve, composition is a chief concern of artists at every level. This clear and focused introduction exposes the compositional devices that underlie successful artworks. Its many examples reduce pictures to their basic formal elements, offering a concise treatment of an oft-neglected topic.
Author Harry Sternberg, whose works appear in major museums throughout the United States, was a student and instructor at New York's prestigious Art Students League. He draws upon his extensive background as a teacher and professional to provide an approachable view of applying composition to graphic works. Novices and experienced artists alike will benefit from his well-illustrated explanations of handling such elements as the picture border, flat space, tensions, positive and negative space, geometric design, and volume, as well as the processes of analyzing pictures and communication through design.
Reprint of the Pitman Publishing Corporation, New York, 1958 edition.
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|Dimensions||11 x 8 1/4|


The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra Pound
Brasch PS3509 L43 W3 1971
London: Faber and Faber
Eliot recycles romance and the Grail legend in his modernist masterpiece The Waste Land. Influenced by Jessie Weston’s From Ritual to Romance, Eliot takes readers on a journey across the waste land of the modern world. In the concluding stanzas, he holds out hope of rebirth and healing, as his Fisher King sits, with ‘the arid plain’ behind him, fishing, asking the right question, and preparing to set his lands in order. Eliot’s published poem owes much to the editing work of Pound, whose changes can be seen in this annotated facsimile and transcript of Eliot’s original drafts.
T. S. Eliot (Edited by Valerie Eliot), “The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra Pound,” ourheritage.ac.nz | OUR Heritage, accessed June 2, 2023, https://ourheritage.ac.nz/items/show/8538.


While they are not a fruit or vegetable, nuts are important to one’s overall diet and are, therefore, included in this website. In fact, our healthy recipe criteria PROVIDES AN EXTRA ALLOWANCE FOR NUTS BECAUSE THEY, LIKE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES, ARE SO IMPORTANT TO OVERALL DIET.
Tree nuts are often good sources of protein and fiber and are high in healthy fats. They also contain several vitamins and minerals. Peanuts are often included with nuts, though they are really a legume. Like all plants, nuts and legumes contain no cholesterol. Also see individual nutrition and storage information for each nut listed below.
|How To Select …|
|Nuts in the shell||Nuts that have been shelled|
|Nuts should feel heavy for their size.
They should not rattle when shaken: this is a sign they have dried out and are aging.
There should be no evidence of damage from insects or moisture.
Shells should not be cracked or have holes.
If purchased in the bulk section, check to see if bins are covered.
|Check expiration dates of packaged nuts.
Nuts should not appear rubbery or shriveled.
When purchasing from the bulk section, check to see if bins are covered.
If possible, smell the nuts to make sure they are not rancid.
Key Nutrients in Fruits & Vegetables
Fruit & Vegetable Recipe Search
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Agriculture can even be soilless but never waterless. In cases where the environment and climate conditions are not suitable, special climatic conditions are created in greenhouses. Even in case of lack of land or insufficient soil quality soilless agriculture (hydroponic agriculture) is possible in greenhouses. But agriculture without water is impossible!
That’s why in Rielli we use our technology to produce water treatment plants that provide top-quality water for agriculture. Our ultrafiltration plants purify the water from all suspended solids down to 0,01-micron size. Besides eliminating all fouling in drop irrigation systems this also provides microorganism free water for misting equipment.
In case of having the reach to high salinity and high TDS water sources only, Rielli reverse osmosis technology is the best solution for desalination provides low TDS fresh water suitable for irrigation.
Rielli water treatment plants not only treat the water from the source but also enable to recycle of the used water in the greenhouse and so create savings on a critical source.
Why use treated water by Rielli plants :
– Quicker growing corps
– High efficiency in limited areas
– High-quality and healthy products
– Minimizing the risk of bacterial contamination
– Savings in water consumption
– Increased competitiveness
– High profitability
Treatment Methods Used in Soilless Agriculture and Greenhouse Applications:
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You can contact us by using the form below for special solutions for your needs.


Why are Pigeons a Problem? If you've got pigeons on your own home, you need to act quick. Pigeons can purpose high priced damage to a belongings in a quick length. In truth, the USA Department of Agriculture’s Wildlife Services branch considers pigeons the most extreme chicken pests for human habitations. Here’s a sampling of the issues pigeons can reason: Disease. Pigeon droppings deliver ailments, together with histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and psittacosis. Feral Bird Control Brisbane. These diseases can be volatile or life-threatening to human beings with sure conditions, like hypersensitive reactions or weakened immune structures. Food infection. In rural or agricultural areas, pigeons can contaminate meals supposed for cattle and human intake. Slip and fall risk. Pigeons gather in a conduct called roosting. As they roost, large numbers of pigeons congregate on rooftops and eaves and defecate on the structures beneath them. Unfortunately, the droppings that pigeons go away in the back of are very slippery, which could make walkways, decks, porches, and different areas dangerous for foot site visitors. This is complicated for each residential and business houses. Corrosive damage to homes. In addition to being slippery, pigeon feces is considerably acidic and might cause harm to homes, siding, flowers, and landscaping. Blocked gutters and drainage. The presence of pigeon nests in gutters or downpipes can reason water backup, flooding, and distinct harm. Fire chance. When pigeons build nests that block chimneys or flues, it may result in a critical buildup of poisonous gasses and expanded hearth risk. Pigeons reproduce all of sudden, producing a capture of 1-3 chicks with an incubation period of just 18 days. If you have a pigeon problem on your own home, it’s crucial to act quickly. The longer you wait, the more likely your house is to stand expensive upkeep or irreversible damage. How to Get Rid of Pigeons Quickly & Humanely Pigeons may be a particularly complicated pest. In addition to multiplying rapid and the use of out beneficial chicken species, they'll be appreciably difficult to take away.


Etching; 8,3 x 10,8 cm
signed and dated lower left: ‘Rembrandt. f. 1650’ (d and 6 in reverse)
This small and exquisite landscape has often been understood as the pendant of another small etching of the same year, Canal with an Angler and two Swans (NH 253), on the basis of the very similar size, style and the rounded platemark above. It has even been speculated that the two plates were once one long plate, which had subsequently been separated by Rembrandt, but this theory has gradually lost support.
The typical Dutch motif of the boat moored in a canal is enriched with a rocky landscape in the left background and other picturesque elements. The present example is a very fine, warm impression with much burr, of the second state. Of the first state, only six impressions are recorded.
As one of the towering figures in the history of art, Rembrandt, a miller’s son from the university town of Leiden, was an artist of unmatched genius. Equally gifted as a painter, printmaker, and draftsman, Rembrandt proved himself to be as skillful at making portraits as he was at creating religious and mythological narratives. His landscapes are just as remarkable as his rare still lifes and subjects detailing everyday life.
Widely recognized as the greatest practitioner of the etching technique in the history of art, Rembrandt created 300 prints that constitute a body of work unparalleled in richness and beauty. During his lifetime, Rembrandt’s extraordinary skills as a printmaker were the main source of his international fame. Unlike his oil paintings, prints travelled light and were relatively cheap. For this reason, they soon became very popular with collectors not only within, but also beyond the borders of the Netherlands.
Bartsch 236; White/Boon 236;
The New Hollstein Dutch 252 Second state (of II) ;
Nowell Usticke: R+: ‘A Scarce landscape‘ ; Plate not in existence.
On laid paper, without watermark, a very fine impression of the second, final state, printing with much burr and a light plate tone, with narrow margins, a tiny rust mark above the boat at centre, otherwise in very good condition


Good Postures of the utmost importance. Don’t let your head hang down and don’t slouch. Wear comfortable shoes if you know you are going to be standing for a long period of time.
Sitting or Working at a Desk
Keep your computer at eye level to avoid looking down. Choose a chair that fits to your back and allows your feet to reach the floor while keeping your legs at a 90 degree angle. it is recommended that you stand up or stretch every 20 minutes or so.
Always bend at the knees, NOT your back. Avoid lifting anything that may be too heavy. Lifting objects is one of the most common ways that people hurt themselves, even twisting or pulling in the wrong direction can, over time, lead to spinal misalignment.
Overall Physical Activity
Whenever you are going to be engaged in physical activity for an extended period of time, it is important that you stretch and warm up. Even the lightest of tasks can result in the pulling of something if the body is not adequately ready.
Talking On The Telephone
Avoid cradling the phone between your neck and shoulders. It is recommended that you use a headset when making long calls if available.
Resting or Sleeping
Falling asleep in odd positions can cause our neck a great amount of pain. Try to be sure your body is in a supportive position when napping or going to sleep.


‘Crop circles’ frozen into surface of Alabama creek have meteorologists, social media baffled
Published 6:18 am Monday, February 22, 2021
Was it aliens or some rare feat of mother nature?
Mysterious swirls found on a frozen Alabama creek have meteorologists across the country debate how the hypnotic swirls came to be.
Images of the ice formations have been posted multiple times on social media since they were discovered on Feb. 18 on top of Anderson Creek, near the Tennessee River in north Alabama.
But how they came to be, no one can agree.
Many people likened the swirls to some type of frozen crop circle that you might see from an airplane.
Some suggested the circles were man-made while others joked that aliens might have been involved.
Residents who have lived along the creek 15 years say this is the first time they’ve seen such formations.
WAAY 31 chief meteorologist Kate McKenna offered this theory on her broadcast:
“I believe that near the shoreline the water is a little more shallow so it’s freezing more easily. It’s able to cool down quickly. And then the wind blows that thin sheet of ice out into the water, out into the middle the creek. And then the water near the shoreline again starts to refreeze and the wind blowing that ice out into the lake causes each layer here, each ring to form, kind of like wrings in a tree trunk.”
Alabama meteorologist James Spann, of ABC 33/40, offered a slightly different explanation in a Facebook post.
“This pattern occurs when moving water forces the forming ice to slowly rotate,” Spann wrote. “Shear is involved … When on one side of the creek you have water that’s moving faster than on the other side causing the ice to form in swirls.”
Not everyone was convinced, however.


Patients are most likely to experience anxiety—in the form of stress, depression, loneliness, suicidal thoughts, and more—at certain times of day, according to research collected through not-for-profit Crisis Text Line.
Since volunteers at the New York-based crisis counseling center mostly interact with people via text message, they have been able to track data on the 70,000 people that the center has helped in the last year, according to volunteer Darren Mastropaolo. The text message model is particularly popular with teenagers.
How your smartphone is hurting your health
"Think about being in school and being able to text privately on the bus or from the bathroom stall without anyone hearing what you're going through," Mastropaolo told The Atlantic's Olga Khazan. At some times of the day, volunteers may have to text with more than one person at a time as the volume of people seeking help climbs.
Based on their data collection, they found that:
Additionally, emotions seem to occur more often on certain days of the week. For example, Wednesdays are filled with anxiety, and Sundays tend to bring more suicidal thoughts.
Geographically, New Englanders suffer from the most anxiety, while depression is more evenly distributed across the nation, according to the text data. People living in Alabama, Montana, and North Dakota suffer from the highest rates of health concerns. Those in Hawaii, Nevada, and Vermont report the most stress. People in Arkansas, Nebraska, and West Virginia deal with the most substance abuse concerns.
Crisis Text founder Nancy Lublin hopes that the data may help providers understand the "how the vicissitudes of our days affects the nature of our well-being," Khazan writes.
"Imagine having real time data on every one of those issues," Lublin said in a recent TED talk, explaining, "You could inform legislation. You could inform school policy. You could say to a principal, 'You're having a problem every Thursday at three o'clock. What's going on in your school?'" (Khazan, The Atlantic, 9/10).
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Q. Does my 15-year-old homeschooler need a work permit before trying to find a summer job? What forms does he need and where does he get them?
A. In general, all 14- and 15-year-old students–who do not work for their parents in a family-owned business–must obtain a work permit. Students who are 16 or older do not need a work permit. A homeschool student can pick up the two forms, “Intention to Employ” and “Permission for Employment,” from a public high school or from a limited number of private schools even though he does not attend the schools.
A student can search for a job and fill out job applications, but before a potential employer can hire him, the employer must sign the “Intention to Employ” form acknowledging the days and hours the student will work. The parent must sign the “Permission for Employment” form giving the student permission to work.
Three copies of each form are filed. The homeschool student takes the “Intention to Employ” form to the employer who keeps it at the workplace. The second copy is kept on file in the office of the issuing officer, and the third copy is sent by the issuing officer to the Department of Labor and Industry. The “Permission for Employment” form with the parent’s signature is filed with the issuing officer who sends a copy to the Department of Labor and Industry. If a student changes jobs, he must begin the process again in order to obtain another work permit.
You can find more information on HEAV’s website explaining the types of work that can be done, age limits, hour restrictions, and other requirements, by clicking here.


THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION (AND ITS STATE ALTER-EGOS) HAS, FOR ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES, taken over our entire federal, state, and local governments. The legislative branch follows the advice of their BAR member advisors in the constructing of statutes. The executive branch does the same in the enforcement of those statutes. The judicial branch is literally a closed union shop in that regard. You can’t be a judge unless you are BAR member and you can’t practice in their courts unless you are a BAR member.
The term “BAR” is an acronym for British Accredited Registry [see comments below]. These snakes are in fact working for the Crown of England. And that is why the gold fringed flags are in the courtrooms. It signifies admiralty jurisdiction* [maritime law], which is another way of saying British jurisdiction [England is a maritime nation]. When you cross the bar in a courtroom, you are entering a British colonial forum.
There are over 30 grievances listed against the King of England in the Declaration of Independence (1776). Nearly all of them are applicable today against the Crown of England via the BAR Association. If you don’t have a copy, get one and read it. Each grievance therein begins with “He” (in reference to the King). As you read through the grievances, mentally supplant “He” with “BAR Association, on behalf of the Crown of England” and you’ll see exactly what I mean.
The root for the term “attorney” originates in Sanskrit (the oldest known language) and its original meaning was “to turn or to twist”. That meaning carried forward largely unaltered into the English language. The letter “a”, when used as a word, is defined as “an indefinite article” and when used as a prefix it equates with the word “one” (indefinite article) which modifies the base word (torn) accordingly—as does the suffix “ey”.


Are dogs good or bad for kids? Over the years – multiple studies have been published debating the pros and cons of pets and kids.
A new study suggestions that homes with kids have fewer kids with asthma.
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is an infection that is common in premature children, that is possibly linked to the onset of asthma in later life. For adults, or healthy children who contract RSV, the symptoms are mild, and similar to those of a common cold. For unhealthy people, or babies, it can cause more serious issues that require hospital stays.
For years scientists have been trying to prove that households that have pets can be beneficial not only mentally, but physically as well. They have been collecting information, and doing tests to prove this, and recently have made a breakthrough with the discovery that dog dander contains a microbe that helps fight the RSV virus.
There is a belief that asthma can be linked in some cases back to an episode of RSV, and researchers have been doing work for decades to try to find ways to help. Recently a new study has come to light that says that having canine companions may be a boon in fighting both RSV, and potentially asthma as well.
Even though many people are allergic to dogs, their dander has been proven to contain a microbe that actively works against the RSV virus. Scientists began collecting dust from within homes that had dogs, and mixing it with water to feed to mice. After a few weeks of feeding the mice the dust water, RSV was introduced. Out of the three test groups, one being a control group, not exposed to anything, one being exposed to the RSV virus without any of the dust containing dog dander, and one having been given the dog dander solution, only the group who had not been given the solution contracted the virus. It was also shown that the mice fed the dog dander solution had gut bacteria that was not present in the other two test groups. Studies have also shown that households with dogs have less cases of asthma than those with no dogs.
This research will potentially go a long way in helping scientists develop possibly vaccines, or medications to help cure RSV, and treat asthma.


Production of sound
If somebody calls you from behind, you will quickly turn around. What makes you do so?
We turn back in response to a call because of the sound heard by us. We are able to talk to each other because of the sound produced by us. We are able to predict the distance of a train only by listening to the sound it produces. Similarly, we can distinguish between different musical instruments because of the sounds they produce.
How do you realize that an alarm bell is ringing?
So, what is sound?
Sound is a form energy that produces the sensation of hearing in our ears and vibrating bodies produce sound.
Do you know how a sound is produced? To find out, let us perform the following activities.
Take a frying pan and suspend it in air with the help of support. Hit the pan with a metal spoon. Now, touch the pan. Can you feel the vibrations? When you beat an object, you can feel its vibrations with the help of your sense of touch. Touch the pan when it is not producing any sound. Can you feel the vibrations now?
Take a rubber band and stretch it between two poles (as shown in the given figure). Now, pluck the rubber band in the middle. Can you hear any sound? Does the rubber band vibrate when it produces a sound? On plucking a stretched rubber band or a stretched string, it vibrates rapidly and produces a sound.
Take a cooking utensil and pour some water in it. Now, beat the utensil with a rod. You will hear a sound. Carefully, observe the surface of water in the utensil. Do you see concentric circles moving on the water surface? These are vibrations in water, produced by vibrations of the utensil body, on beating.
Therefore, it can be concluded that a vibrating body produces sou…
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At PS 376, we engage all students in learning experiences that enable them to acquire complex knowledge and subject-specific skills and vocabulary. This means we focus on implementing standards aligned units and lessons with clear objectives, challenging tasks, and appropriate pacing, sequencing, resources, and supports for English learners and students with disabilities so that all learners can succeed.
Project Based Learning
In Project Based Learning, students learn the curriculum by exploring a meaningful question, solving an engaging real-world problem, or taking on a challenge to design or create something. Before they can accomplish this, students need to inquire into the topic by asking questions and developing their own answers. To demonstrate what they learn, students create high-quality products and present their work to other people. Students often do project work collaboratively in small teams, guided by the teacher.
Although it is easier to define what PBL is not (e.g., worksheets disconnected from larger intellectual inquiry), it is more difficult to define what it is… and in one sentence. Here is an attempt:
Project Based Learning is a systematic teaching method that engages students in learning important knowledge and 21st century skills through an extended, student-influenced inquiry process structured around complex, authentic questions and carefully designed products and learning tasks.
At PS 376 we leverag technology to help make student thinking and learning visible.


Falls are the most common cause of injury for the elderly, and can lead to serious complications with hospital visits and reduced mobility. Unlike many threats to elderly health, falls are entirely preventable, so it’s important to take the necessary steps to protect your senior loved ones and create safe home environments.
It is assumed that most falls are caused by tripping, but it’s worth remembering that dizziness and loss of balance can sometimes result from illness or even prescription medications, so there are times when your senior loved one may be more susceptible to falls. Always make sure that if they are not feeling well, they are not up and about too much, putting themselves at risk. Reduced mobility resulting from past falls or illness can also lead to a senior falling.
Here are some of the best steps you can take to prevent elderly falls:
- Remove tripping hazards on the floor such as rugs and cords, or tape them down.
- Ensure that all lights are working, and that there are lights in place throughout the house.
- The bathroom is most likely the place that you will need to spend a bit of money to make it safer. Suggestions include handrails by the toilet and in the bath, rubber mats on the tub bottom, and a walk-in shower.
- Organise the house (importantly the kitchen) so that nothing is on a high shelf and out of reach.
- Install handrails throughout the house.
- Use nightlights between the bedroom and bathroom.
- Keep a walking stick near the bed so they can use it first thing, when they are most likely to be stiff.
- Exercise regularly – keeping an exercise routine maintains balance and strengthens muscles against injury.


Sherillyn Raga, January 2022
The socio-economic collapse induced by the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 has called for stronger government intervention to support the most vulnerable households, firms and sectors. In response, fiscal stimulus packages announced globally from January 2020 to June 2021 have reached $17 trillion (IMF, 2021b). Options for spending fiscal resources have evolved from measures to address immediate health needs, to addressing the economic fall-out from social distancing measures and lockdown, and to building the foundations for more resilient, climate-friendly, gender-sensitive and transformative economic recovery. However, the fiscal resources available to low-income countries (LICs) remain extremely limited, pushing governments to be highly selective in deploying the interventions that would have the most positive short-term and long-term impact.
This paper reviews 94 cross-country, regional and country-level empirical and descriptive studies to identify evidence on fiscal multipliers – the output growth impact of fiscal policy – to provide evidence-based insights to low- and middle-income countries on using fiscal interventions to have the most impact in boosting inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
 This paper focuses on fiscal multipliers that measure the impact of government measures on output. However, the literature also offers alternative measures of fiscal multipliers in terms of responses from trade, investment, employment and unemployment, and inequality, among others.
Workers preparing to build a road in Bangladesh. Scott Wallace / World Bank. License: (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)


Mansa Musa travelled to Mecca with a caravan of 60,000 men and 12,000 slaves
Amazon founder Jeff Bezos is the richest man in the world, according to the 2019 Forbes billionaires’ list released this week. With an estimated fortune of $131bn (£99bn) he is the wealthiest man in modern history.
But he is by no means the richest man of all time.
That title belongs to Mansa Musa, the 14th Century West African ruler who was so rich his generous handouts wrecked an entire country’s economy.
“Contemporary accounts of Musa’s wealth are so breathless that it’s almost impossible to get a sense of just how wealthy and powerful he truly was,” Rudolph Butch Ware, associate professor of history at the University of California, told the BBC.
Mansa Musa was “richer than anyone could describe”, Jacob Davidson wrote about the African king for Money.com in 2015.
In 2012, US website Celebrity Net Worth estimated his wealth at $400bn, but economic historians agree that his wealth is impossible to pin down to a number.
The 10 richest men of all time
Mansa Musa (1280-1337, king of the Mali empire) wealth incomprehensible
Augustus Caesar (63 BC-14 AD, Roman emperor) $4.6tn (£3.5tn)
Zhao Xu (1048-1085, emperor Shenzong of Song in China) wealth incalculable
Akbar I (1542-1605, emperor of India’s Mughal dynasty) wealth incalculable
Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919, Scottish-American industrialist) $372bn
John D Rockefeller (1839-1937) American business magnate) $341bn
Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov (1868-1918, Tsar of Russia) $300bn
Mir Osman Ali Khan ( 1886-1967, Indian royal) $230bn
William The Conqueror (1028-1087) $229.5bn
Muammar Gaddafi (1942-2011, long-time ruler of Libya) $200bn
Source: Money.com, Celebrity Net Worth


Phase Leader: Marie-Claire Nixon
The primary phase at Arbour Vale School caters for children within Key Stage 2, between 8 and 11 years of age. Children within the phase have a vast range of complex learning needs and are grouped according to these learning needs, rather than by age. Vertical grouping ensures that teachers can deliver learning approaches and strategies that are well matched to the needs of the children within their class. Teaching is adapted and highly differentiated to meet children’s personalised learning targets.
Class groups consist of an average of eight pupils and support ratios vary depending on the learning needs of the children within each class. There are currently 57 children across the eight classes in the primary phase. Three of the classes in primary are specifically for children with Autism, one is for children with complex medical needs and profound learning difficulties, one is for children with high sensory processing difficulties and three have children with a range of complex learning needs, some of whom have children with Autism who are beginning to engage in social interactions with their peers.
The primary phase aims to develop the learning of all pupils by building on the strengths they have already established throughout their early years education, whilst supporting areas that are more challenging for them. Where pupils have moved up from the early years phase at Arbour Vale School, they usually display high levels of well-being and have preferred ways of learning and communicating. Strong links between the two phases ensures that the transition is smooth and learning builds on from prior learning, using approaches that have proven to be successful for each individual pupil in the early years.
Pupils encounter a range of learning opportunities with particular focuses on peer interactions, communication, attention to task, engagement in learning and developing independence. We aim for pupils to be more resilient, happy, confident, more independent learners who communicate thoughts and preferences and are more able to self-reflect and self-regulate by the time they transition to Key Stage 3.


Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder first noted in childhood and characterized by inattention, impulse control problems and hyperactivity. Children and adults with ADHD are susceptible to distraction, often have difficulty sitting still (especially in school when sitting still is expected), and have difficulty concentrating and sustaining attention.
Treatment for ADHD often starts with the completion of a psychological evaluation. Physicians and Pediatricians refer children and adolescents to psychologists in order to determine if symptoms typically associated with ADHD significantly interfere with the child or adolescents daily functioning. The psychologist will then make recommendations regarding further treatment. Recommendations may include individual therapy for the child or adolescent, parent education and support and the use of medications to treat some symptoms of ADHD.
APT, Inc. has several psychologists experienced in the psychological assessments of children and adolescents suspected of having ADHD. Penny O. Perdue, M.A. is a Licensed School Psychologist with experience in the intellectual, academic and socio-emotional assessment of children, adolescents and teens. Rachel Arthur, M.A. also has experience performing psychological assessments of children, adolescents and tens. She is also interested in providing therapeutic and educational support to parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD.
Therapy & Counseling for Children, Adolescents and Teens diagnosed with ADHD:
Individual therapy and counseling for children with ADHD often includes teaching the child better organizational skills and study skills, identifying feelings, learning how to better control impulses and learning relaxation techniques. Some children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD experience low self esteem, peer alienation and behavioral problems. Therapy and Counseling can also address these other issues.
Parenting Support and Education:
Parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD often experience stress and may have difficulty dealing with their child's symptoms and behaviors. Psychologists can provide consults with parents to offer support and education. APT utilizes a comprehensive parenting education program that teaches the parent effective discipline techniques and strategies to improve their child's behavior and build stronger relationships between parents and children or adolescents.
Physicians and Pediatricians often rely on psychological evaluations with a psychologist's recommendations to determine if medication to treat symptoms of ADHD is needed.


On the centenary of the establishment of modern Germany's first democratic republic, this special issue explores how the wealth of scholarship on Weimar culture from the last two and a half decades, since re-unification, has contributed specifically to the discipline of art history and vice versa. It also interrogates where art historical research on the Weimar Republic might be heading? What role, if any, do the Republic's intellectuals, artists and cultural producers continue to play in the present? The issue explores the cultural practices, production and reception of art from across Germany's towns, cities and rural provinces. It includes in-depth analyses of art made by historiographically under-represented Berlin-based women Lotte Laserstein and Jeanne Mammen, as well as by regionally-based artists including lesser-known work by Elsa Haensgen-Dingkuhn, Gela Forster and Heinrich Hoerle. It also includes essays on the overlooked material and iconographic contexts for the Merz collages of the more celebrated Kurt Schwitters, as well as in-depth research on the production and appearance of Notgeld - the vast sums of emergency money that were produced during Germany's period of hyper-inflation, between 1914 and 1923.
|Number of pages||24|
|Publication status||Published - Sept 1 2019|


Advocacy Tools: Ways to Engage, Train, and Center Community Voices in Advocating for Educational Equity
From simple daily interactions to deeper and deliberately planned conversations, advocating for diversity, equity, and inclusion means walking the talk at every opportunity. But that can be easier said than done.
While everyone recognizes that poverty, racism, and a lack of power held by communities undermines children’s education and development, the reality is few people know what to do about it.
A growing number of researchers, including Harvard’s Mark Warren and Karen Mapp, authors of “A Match on Dry Grass: Community Organizing as a Catalyst for School Reform,” argue that “community organizing represents a fresh and promising approach to school reform as part of a broader agenda to build power for low-income communities and address the profound social inequalities that affect the education of children.”
Warren and Mapp support this view by showing how organizing groups build the participation and leadership of parents and students, so they can become powerful actors in school improvement efforts.
By working together to raise awareness for the importance of educational equity in the communities we serve, we can identify new ways to foster collaborations between educators and community residents.
“The Community Engagement Guide” from PolicyLink contains concrete recommendations and conversation guides for engaging with communities.
“Social Service and Social Change: A Process Guide” from Building Movement Project explores the drivers of the conditions that create the need for their services, and to develop ways to address those drivers, even as they continue to deliver services.


Windows 10: How to monitor the battery health of a laptop?
Keep a close eye on your laptop's battery health by quickly generating a detailed battery life report in Windows 10.
Laptop battery life seems to be declining? You can check it very easily in Windows 10 by generating a battery life report. Built right into Windows, this feature requires a command prompt and gives you valuable information about your machine's battery life. From the number of charge cycles to the maximum remaining capacity and the history of the last charges, the Windows battery life report allows you to know very quickly if your battery is at the end of its life and needs to be changed.
1. Open the command prompt as an administrator.
Click the Start menu, then in Windows System, run the command prompt.
2. Generate a battery life report
The command prompt should display, by default, C:\Users\NameOfYourPC\>.
This is where you should enter the command to generate an autonomy report. To do this, type powercfg /batteryreport and press Enter to validate.
The command prompt now indicates that the Battery Life Report is stored in the C:\Users\NameOfYourPC directory under the name battery-report.html.
3. Access the report
To access and open the report, open a Windows 10 File Explorer window and, in the left column, select This PC. Then enter the system disk (C:), open the Users directory, and enter the directory with the name of your session.
Locate the file named battery-report and double-click the file to open it in the Edge web browser.
The battery life report opens and allows you to view detailed information about your machine's battery health, number of cycles, recent battery usage history, and more.


Physical therapy, also known as physiotherapy, is a healthcare profession that specializes in the treatment of physical impairments, disabilities, and pain through the use of therapeutic exercise, manual therapy, and other modalities.
Physical therapists are licensed healthcare professionals who have completed a graduate degree in physical therapy and passed a licensure exam. They work with patients of all ages and with a variety of conditions, including musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiopulmonary disorders.
The goals of physical therapy are to help patients reduce pain, increase range of motion, improve strength and mobility, and restore function. Physical therapists use a variety of techniques to achieve these goals, including therapeutic exercise, manual therapy, therapeutic modalities such as heat, cold, or electrical stimulation, and assistive devices such as braces, crutches, or wheelchairs.
Physical therapy can be helpful for a wide range of conditions, including sports injuries, back pain, arthritis, stroke, and chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease. Physical therapy can also be used to prevent injuries and maintain overall physical health and wellness.
Dr. Ashia Pourdehghan


The goal of chemotherapy (chemo) is to kill cancer cells or slow cancer's growth over time. Chemo is often given several times over weeks or months in what is known as a course of treatment. A course of treatment is made up of a series of treatment periods, called cycles. During a cycle, you may get chemo every day for one or more days. Since chemo also kills normal cells, these chemo days are followed by periods of rest when you receive no treatment. This rest lets your body recover and produce new healthy cells.
Your Chemo Regimen
Your doctor will create a plan, or regimen, that includes the type of chemo medications you will receive. The regimen also includes the medication dose and how often you will receive it. Your doctor will choose certain medications that can best fight your cancer. You may also receive medications that help support your body's ability to better tolerate the chemo from start to finish. Talk to your doctor and care team about what you can do to help you meet your treatment goals.
Click here for a discussion guide about chemo and infection to use with your healthcare team.
Next: How Chemo Is Given
The Chemotherapy and Infection Discussion Guide can help you understand your
risk of infection
Infection can be a serious side effect of strong chemo. Find out the factors that affect your risk of infection. Simply answer a few questions, and then print your results to share with your doctor.
Use the Chemotherapy and Infection Discussion Guide to find out more.


First proof state of De Wit's very rare map of the British Isles.
De Wit's map is based on Jansson's map of the British Isles. This example is the first of two proof states with the cartouche blank, as well as certain topographical features and place names lacking.
Shirley lists, but does not illustrate, the map in Early Printed Maps of the British Isles (#663) and again in Printed Maps of the British Isles. While Shirley suggests that the map is c1650, we believe it is closer to 1658 or 1659.
There were 3 subsequent states of the map. In the second state, a partial proof state, the cartouche is half-completed but undated. States 3 and 4 are complete, and each is dated 1659 in the cartouche.
De Wit (1629 ca.-1706) was a mapmaker and mapseller who was born in Gouda but who worked and died in Amsterdam. He moved to the city in 1648, where he opened a printing operation under the name of The Three Crabs; later, he changed the name of his shop to The White Chart. From the 1660s onward, he published atlases with a variety of maps; he is best known for these atlases and his Dutch town maps. After Frederik’s death in 1706, his wife Maria ran the shop for four years before selling it. Their son, Franciscus, was a stockfish merchant and had no interest in the map shop. At the auction to liquidate the de Wit stock, most of the plates went to Pieter Mortier, whose firm eventually became Covens & Mortier, one of the biggest cartography houses of the eighteenth century.


The Age of Phillis
In 1773, a young, African American woman named Phillis Wheatley published a book of poetry that challenged Western prejudices about African and female intellectual capabilities. Based on fifteen years of archival research, The Age of Phillis, by award-winning writer Honorée Fanonne Jeffers, imagines the life and times of Wheatley: her childhood in the Gambia, West Africa, her life with her white American owners, her friendship with Obour Tanner, and her marriage to the enigmatic John Peters. Woven throughout are poems about Wheatley’s “age”―the era that encompassed political, philosophical, and religious upheaval, as well as the transatlantic slave trade. For the first time in verse, Wheatley’s relationship to black people and their individual “mercies” is foregrounded, and here we see her as not simply a racial or literary symbol, but a human being who lived and loved while making her indelible mark on history.
Winner, 2021 NAACP Image Award for Literary Work: Poetry
Finalist, 2021 PEN/Voelcker Award in Poetry
Long-List, 2020 National Book Award in Poetry
Finalist, 2020 Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Poetry
NPR’s “Best Books of 2020”
Library Journal “Best Poetry of 2020”


Coloradans are known to love hiking, being outside and getting into the mountains. Colorado also has ticks, which can cause problems to our health, including Lyme disease.
Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne illness in these regions, Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of an infected black-legged tick, commonly known as a deer tick. You’re more likely to get Lyme disease if you live or spend time in grassy and heavily wooded areas where ticks carrying Lyme disease thrive. It’s important to know the signs and symptoms and take common-sense precautions in tick-infested areas.
According to the Mayo Clinic the following signs and symptoms are often common with Lyme disease.
Signs and symptoms of Lyme disease can vary. They usually appear in stages, but the stages can overlap.
A small, red bump, similar to the bump of a mosquito bite, often appears at the site of a tick bite, or often the actual tick will be in the place of the bite. A tick removal and red bum often resolves over a few days. This normal occurrence doesn’t indicate Lyme disease.
However, these signs and symptoms can occur within a month after you’ve been infected:
If you do have Lyme disease and it goes untreated untreated, new signs and symptoms of Lyme infection might appear in the following weeks to months. These include:
If you’ve been bitten by a tick and have symptoms
Only a minority of tick bites leads to Lyme disease. The longer the tick remains attached to your skin, the greater your risk of getting the disease. Lyme infection is unlikely if the tick is attached for less than 36 to 48 hours.
If you think you’ve been bitten and have signs and symptoms of Lyme disease — particularly if you live in an area where Lyme disease is prevalent — contact your doctor. Treatment for Lyme disease is more effective if begun early.
See your doctor even if symptoms disappear
Consult your doctor even if signs and symptoms disappear — the absence of symptoms doesn’t mean the disease is gone. Untreated, Lyme disease can spread to other parts of your body for several months to years after infection, causing arthritis and nervous system problems. Ticks can also transmit other illnesses, such as babesiosis and Colorado tick fever.


Citation: Published by ESRI Press, 2008.
Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop: Basics of ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo contains introductory concepts followed by scripted software exercises that reinforce an understanding of the conceptual material presented. This format encourages readers to acquire functional GIS skills in a variety of areas. Offering the most comprehensive overview of ArcGIS 9.3 available on the market today, Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop, Second Edition Updated for ArcGIS 9.3, is valuable as both a classroom text and as a manual for individuals learning ArcGIS. The workbook includes a fully functioning 180-day single-use trial version of ArcView 9.3 software on DVD and a CD of data for working through the exercises.
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Research studies for people with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis are enrolling now.
Those who qualify may receive*:
If you live with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis, then you know that even a small patch of psoriasis can have a BIG impact on your quality of life. Red, scaly, dry, cracked skin that may get worse in the winter or under stress, may be just a few of the things you need to manage when you have psoriasis. Many people are embarrassed to talk about the patches you can get in places that people do not see, but cause pain and discomfort and can make everyday tasks difficult to perform.
When you have psoriasis, the life cycle of your skin cells speeds up, leading to a buildup of dead cells on the surface of your skin. The dead cells appear as red patches with silvery scales. Only about 2 to 3 percent of the population develops psoriasis.1 Researchers believe that for someone to develop psoriasis, he or she must have a combination of the genes that cause psoriasis and exposure to certain external factors called “triggers” such as stress, exposure to certain medications, infection or trauma to the skin.1
Psoriasis can put you at risk for other chronic and serious health conditions called co-morbidities”. In addition to depression, those with more severe psoriasis are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease among other serious conditions.
Better treatment options are needed for all people with plaque psoriasis, and you can help advance medical research by participating in research studies for psoriasis.
Take the next step to see if you qualify for local research studies for people with Psoriasis. But don’t delay — space is limited!
Tell us a little bit about yourself
Answer some questions about your health
We will connect you to available studies in your area
AcurianHealth helps connect people with research studies that offer treatment under development. Since 1998, AcurianHealth has referred 1 million study candidates to 800 studies in 70 countries.


A peccary is not a pessary. (And neither has anything to do with a cassowary.) I suppose a peccary would eat pecorino and piccalilli and pickles, but only if you picked it and packed and left it out. Otherwise a peccary eats what’s available, but will prefer a prickly pear. I won’t say its diet is precarious, though its habitat is occupied.
Well. They live in a lot of places, some of them well forested still. And they can be expected in packs of up to 100. But they’re not big space hogs or food hogs. They’re not big hogs at all. They’re not big: they’re about a metre long, and they weigh 20 to 40 kilograms (much of which appears to be the head and not too much of which appears to be the prancing, spindly legs). And they’re not hogs. But, boy, do they look like them.
Here are some peccaries.
Don’t they look just like pigs? Well, they do until you inspect the dentition. Pigs have curved tusks. Peccaries have straight ones and they’re shorter. Also, they snap them together to make a sound indicating irritation at any particular peccadillo. Also, peccaries are not closely related to pigs.
They’re not! Oh, they are related. They belong to the same suborder, Suina. But they belong to a different family, Tayassuidæ (the Old World pigs are Suidæ). They came over to the New World a long, long time ago. So they’re New World pigs. They’re also called javelina in Spanish. (The name peccary comes from a Carib word.) They’re also called skunk pigs. Because they smell. They have scent glands, which they use to mark their territory and each other.
But smell notwithstanding, people still eat them. I presume they taste porky. I’m sure they’d make good paprikash or pörkölt.
They’re common in south Texas, where they’re known as “javelina”, Spanish for small tusk..
A crackling good blog post James!


Marx: his significance and his legacy
Red Lion Hall
Tresham House, Red Lion Square
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.org (Kathy)
Comrade Harpal Brar will be giving this presentation on the life and work of Karl Marx: his phenomenal contribution to human knowledge in the fields of philosophy, political economy and history, and the great advances in the understanding and waging of class struggle that were made as a result.
What did his work mean to the world he lived in? How has it stood the test of time? What significance does Marx’s work have for people in Britain today, 150 years after the publication of his seminal work, Capital Volume 1?
A presentation to the Stalin Society, followed by discussion.
About the society
The Stalin Society was formed in 1991 to defend JV Stalin and his work on the basis of fact, and to refute the capitalist, revisionist, opportunist and Trotskyist propaganda directed against him.
Stalin’s name is synonymous with communism, the October Revolution, and the overthrow of capitalist exploitation and imperialist tyranny. For this reason, the international bourgeoisie have spearheaded their attacks on working and oppressed peoples by slandering Stalin and the Soviet Union.
They have employed a variety of tactics to this end over the last 90 years, but have been guided to a large extent by dissidents who betrayed the Soviet people, most notably Leon Trotsky. The powerful US-based Hearst press, sympathetic to Hitler, was a pioneer in these methods, but the rest of the capitalist world’s media and political elites have not lagged behind.
All welcome to this meeting who are genuinely interested in the content, ready to listen respectfully to the speaker and wishing to take part constructively in the discussion that follows.


Whose Spain is it, anyway?
- David A. Wacks (see profile)
- CLCS Global Hispanophone, CLCS Medieval, LLC 16th- and 17th-Century Spanish and Iberian Poetry and Prose, LLC Medieval Iberian
- Renaissance, Spain, Iberians--Social life and customs, Middle Ages, History
- Item Type:
- Book chapter
- converso, Morisco, islamophobia, antisemitism, Historical memory in post-Franco Spain, Renaissance in Spain, Medieval Iberian culture, Medieval Spanish History
- Permanent URL:
- The Iberian Peninsula during the Latin Middle Ages was home to large populations of Muslims and Jews. During the period we like to call the Middle Ages, much of the Iberian Peninsula was under Muslim rule. By the beginning of the sixteenth century, the entire peninsula was under Christian rule, and Judaism and Islam were officially banned. Consquently, the very rich cultural legacies of Peninsular Judaism and Islam did not form part of Spanish or Portuguese national patrimony, and became instead the classics of the Arab and Jewish worlds. This essay examines how the formation of Modern of Spanish (and Portuguese) national identity, predicated on non-Islam and non-Judaism, affected the study and reception of the medieval cultural production of Iberian Muslism and Jews.
- Last Updated:
- 4 years ago
Item Name: wacks-2019-whose-spain-postprint.pdf Download View in browser Activity: Downloads: 348


One of the most revolutionary advances in medical practice is the development of minimally invasive surgery. These procedures rely on one or more tiny incisions, through which trocars (similar to catheters) are inserted that can deliver tiny cameras (laparoscopes and endoscopes) and surgical instruments. Surgeons watch display screens to guide their instruments which are concealed within the patient’s body.
A new approach may give surgeons a powerful way to view their progress during minimally invasive procedures. Cambridge Consultants is a company that is developing an augmented reality (AR) system that will give surgeons the ability to look “inside” a patient’s body as if they had X-ray vision. The system takes medical imaging data and provides a 3D representation to the surgeon wearing AR glasses. It relies on off-the-shelf components such as the Microsoft Hololens and custom software to let doctors see a more accurate representation of their procedure as they operate, making it easier to “see” what they are doing compared with the two-dimensional imaging that they must rely on now. The system also delivers other real-time data to the surgeon’s view, such as the patient’s vital signs, without having to look away.
The Cambridge Consultants AR system is still under development and not yet ready for clinical applications with human patients, but it holds the promise of making current procedures faster, more accurate, and safer, resulting in better outcomes for the patients.


The Hebrew wisdom literature is about the art of success, and Proverbs is a guidebook for successful living (Lasor, 460). The Old Testament also emphasizes the laws of love (Lev. 19:18; Deut. 6:5). God’s people were required to submit to God with total obedience. This they called “the fear of the Lord”. Thus the fear of the Lord in the Hebrew wisdom literature does not mean a servile attitude of submission but one conjoined with hope, love, gratitude and commitment to do God’s will in all circumstances. We see the use of the phrase “fear of the Lord” throughout the book of Proverbs to contrast the wise and the foolish:
|Ways of those who Fear the LORD||Ways of the foolish|
|Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge||Fools despise wisdom and instruction.|
|Proverbs 8:13 The fear of the LORD is to hate evil||Pride and arrogance and the evil way, And the perverted mouth, I hate.|
|Proverbs 10:27 The fear of the LORD prolongs life,||But the years of the wicked will be shortened.|
As mentioned above, the Hebrew wisdom is the art of success. In the book of Proverbs we see the teaching that a life that is lived in fear of the Lord is a successful life. Those who are wise fear the Lord, and those who are foolish do not and live a despiteful life. Yet again, we have to note that the Hebrews also emphasized the laws of love. They feared the Lord not in dreadful manner but in filial reverence. To fear the Lord was to be in awe of God, honor him, and give him what he deserves because God is good and just.
6 thoughts on ““Fear of the LORD” and Its Role in the Hebrew Wisdom Literature”


Wayang or puppet is an Indonesian original art which develops rapidly on Java and Bali Island. The performance is also well known in some regions such as Sumatera and Malayan peninsula, which is influenced by Javanese and Hindu culture. In 2003, UNESCO announced that Wayang has officially entered in the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO since 2008. In the development, Wayang has some types such as Wayang Kulit, Wayang Golek, Wayang Orang, and many others. In addition to those types, there is also a Wayang Ringkang or art puppet which was popularized in 2007. Wayang Ringkang is contemporary one which is innovation of Wayang Golek. Wayang Ringkang is played by colossal puppeteers who may reach 20-50 puppeteers. The Wayang art also collaborates with Rampak Kendang, Rampak Sekar, dance and Wayang Orang. To play Wayang Ringkang, it needs Wayang arena or Jagat with the size twice from Jagat on general Wayang arena. In the Wayang Ringkang performance, the main puppeteer will read dialog, while other puppeteers guide Wayang. In the performance, the puppeteer will guide the Wayang while standing. This makes the size of Jagat become bigger than Wayang performance in general. During the performance, Wayang Ringkang is also accompanied by Gamelan and brought in Sundanese language with communicative style. Although Wayang Ringkang performance is delivered in communicative style, the story is also delivered and it still contains philosophical values of people’s life in the past, present time and in the future. Ki Tantan Sugandi who is the initiator of Wayang Ringkang, hopes that the Wayang art can raise potential of young generation in puppet show. Until now, West Java government has continued to promote Wayang Ringkang. All of them are conducted in order Indonesian traditional art can be preserved from time to time.


Breakfast has known to be the most important meal of the day and most health experts suggest that breakfast is the first meal of the day and should not be avoided as it helps break your overnight fast that you experience while you were asleep. Having a healthy breakfast restores the glucose levels in the body and further lowers stress levels. Considering the 9-10 hours break, it is imperative to load up on all things nutritional. Focus more on having cereals, milk, nuts, poha, idli, dalia, upma or eggs and other protein rich foods that help you stay energetic through the day. However, if you tend to miss your breakfast more often, there are chances you may be introduced to certain health problems in the longer run.
Here’s why you should never skip your breakfast, no matter how busy or caught up you are.
1. Chances of developing diabetes increase
Skipping breakfast can mean putting yourself at the risk of developing type-2 diabetes as it may lead to chronic insulin resistance. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition reports that one can increase their chances of getting diabetes by skipping breakfast.
2. Weight gain is inevitable
According to studies, those who have breakfast as their biggest meal of the day lost a significant amount of weight as compared to those who had a big dinner. Basically, if you skip breakfast, you tend to eat much more for lunch to compensate your body’s need for food. This is why you enter the vicious circle of overeating.
3. May cause heart diseases
Most studies suggest that people having a healthy breakfast are at a much lower risk of heart trouble than the ones skipping it. Skipping breakfast has been associated with hypertension and elevated blood sugar levels.
4. May affect your cognitive functioning
According to a study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, eating breakfast could improve cognitive function. Breakfast helps the brain work better, further improving your memory and logic.


Assessment with satellite data of the urban heat island effects in Asian mega cities
This study focuses on using remote sensing for comparative assessment of surface urban heat island (UHI) in 18 mega cities in both temperate and tropical climate regions. Least-clouded day- and night-scenes of TERRA/MODIS acquired between 2001 and 2003 were selected to generate land-surface temperature (LST) maps. Spatial patterns of UHIs for each city were examined over its diurnal cycle and seasonal variations. A Gaussian approximation was applied in order to quantify spatial extents and magnitude of individual UHIs for inter-city comparison. To reveal relationship of UHIs with surface properties, UHI patterns were analyzed in association with urban vegetation covers and surface energy fluxes derived from high-resolution Landsat ETM+ data. This study provides a generalized picture on the UHI phenomena in the Asian region and the findings can be used to guide further study integrating satellite high-resolution thermal data with land-surface modeling and meso-scale climatic modeling in order to understand impacts of urbanization on local climate in Asia.
International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
- Pub Date:
- January 2006


The southern Chinese city of Zhongshan is located in the growth region of the Pearl River Delta. Against the backdrop of the strong urbanization processes taking place in the region, a new urban area is planned in the district of Minzhong on an area of 42.5 km2. At the beginning of the project, there was an existing master plan for the development of the area with residential, commercial and industrial quarters as well as various neighbourhood centres. However, the planned quarters partly were located on near-natural areas with different degrees of protection status. Therefore, the aim of the project was to adapt the existing master plan to the natural conditions and to enable the integration of ecological functions into the urban space. For this purpose, an analysis of the natural spaces and the network between them as well as an examination of the degree of need for protection was carried out. The results were transferred to a spatial representation of the vulnerability of the natural spaces. Based on this, adaptations of the master plan according to the ecological aspects could be elaborated. This included a reduction of the planned area and an integration of ecological aspects into the areas to be urbanized. In addition, rules for the compensation of interventions in the ecology were established in the planning process. The adjustments included for example restoration areas for mangrove forest, flooding and retention areas and the spatial connection of green spaces. In addition, aspects of sustainability such as the “compact city” and fresh air corridors were included in the urban planning concept.


Why are they called citronella ants – Middle Tennessee is home to a variety of different species of ants, however, none more peculiar than citronella ants. Due to their strange color and appearance these insects are sometimes confused with termites. The winged citronella ants are a darker color and from a distance can be mistaken for a termite swarmer. The real question though is why do they refer to them as citronella ants?
Why are they called citronella ants?
The citronella ants get their name from the citronella odor they emit when threatened. The scent is most noticed when the ants are crushed. If you come across citronella ants in your home, it is recommended to vacuum them to avoid the odor they leave behind. Besides just their odor, these insects primarily feed on aphids and can be found near shrubs around the home.
Are citronella ants dangerous?
In addition, these ants can be found throughout the United States and primarily in the Midwest and the South. A common question many people ask is if these ants are dangerous. Thankfully, citronella ants are not dangerous. They do not sting or bite and are considered to be nuisance pests. When these ants swarm they can invade your home in large numbers and are difficult to eliminate without professional help.
U.S. Pest is proud to protect your Middle Tennessee residence from Citronella ants
When it comes to protecting your home from citronella ants, trust in the folks at U.S. Pest Protection. We are family owned and have been in business for over 40 years. Families in Middle Tennessee rely on us for all of their pest control needs. In need of pest control that will get the job done? Contact us today and begin your pest protection.
Lastly, don’t forget to follow us Facebook and Instagram!


Evaluating Source Relevance
1. What is it about? The title will be your first immediate clue. Click on the title to see if there is an abstract available--that's a summary of the article that will help you determine its relevance for your research question. If there is no abstract, read the article introduction and scan the article headings. Consider how the item relates to your research question and how you might use it. More on evaluating source purpose
2. What is the subject area focus? Knowing what discipline an article comes from can help you decide if the article is relevant. For example, if you are researching global warming activism for a political science class, an article on global warming from a chemistry journal may not be helpful if it doesn't focus on political issues. Look at the title of the book/article or the journal title to try to determine the subject area.
3. Are you looking for recent information? If so, look carefully at publication dates.
4. What type of source is it? Consider what types of sources or information you need in order to answer your research question.
For example, sometimes you may be asked to use only scholarly sources.
Books and articles: Articles tend to focus on a very specific issue or analysis, while books usually address a broader topic. (Note, however, that some books consist of a series of chapters that each stand alone as distinct articles.) Often the record in a library database will indicate the item type, but you can also tell from the citation--is it an article? A book chapter? A monograph (a study on a single topic, usually written by a single author)?
Research studies: This may only be relevant in courses which require that a specific type of research be used (quantitative, qualitative, experimental, systematic review, etc.). The abstract usually contains clues about the type of study. Most research study's also have a "Methods" section that describes how the research was conducted. If you need to find a particular type of study, you can try using that as one of your keywords--"qualitative," "quantitative," "systematic review," etc.
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The phrase ‘Practice Makes Perfect’ supposedly tracks back to around 1550-1560. The erroneous nature of the phrase was brought to my attention by a client and the book ‘The Power of Habit’ by Charles Duhigg.
The book explains all about habits – creating habits that are good for us and breaking those that aren’t. Research said 40% of the actions people do every day are habits, not conscious decisions in the moment rather decisions we’ve made previously and now do automatically.
Some interesting comments from the book:
- As the way of doing something becomes more and more automatic, our brains think less and less (the basal ganglia part of our brains stores habits even while the rest of the brain can go to sleep)
- The brain converts a sequence of actions into an automatic routine – known as chunking which is the basis of how habits form. Habits are the brain’s way of saving effort.
- The habit loop starts with a CUE, then the ROUTINE happens (which can be physical, mental or emotional) and the end of the activity is a REWARD. Only when the brain starts expecting the reward – the craving – will the habit become automatic. The cue triggers the routine and also triggers the craving for the reward.
- The easiest way to change a habit is to change the routine between the cue and reward and belief you can do it. The key is intense self-awareness to understanding the reward and cue.
- Individuals have habits. Groups or organizations have routines.
Practice does not make perfect. Practice makes automatic. Since the brain can’t tell the difference between a good habit or a bad habit; if you practice the wrong thing you will make it automatic. It’s the difference between the habit of smoking versus going to the gym.
What habit do you want to create that serves your greatest self?


Inservice elementary and middle school teachers’conceptions of photosynthesis and respiration
Journal of Science Teacher Education
The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate inservice elementary and middle school teachers’ conceptions of photosynthesis and respiration, basic concepts they are expected to teach. A forced-choice instrument assessing selected standards-based life science concepts with non-scientific conceptions embedded in distracter options was utilized to assess 76 inservice elementary and middle school teachers from the central Appalachian region. Outcomes from four tasks assessing photosynthesis and respiration concepts are discussed. Findings revealed similarities between non-scientific conceptions the teachers demonstrated and non-scientific conceptions reported in the research literature on elementary and middle school students’ understanding of the concepts. Findings also informed subsequent inservice teacher professional development efforts in life science and the development of a biology course for preservice elementary teachers.
Krall, R.M., Lott, K.H., & Wymer, C.L. (2009). Inservice elementary and middle school teachers’ conceptions of photosynthesis and respiration. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 20(1), 41-55.


Ice Dams and Roofs: Useful Information Guide
By Roof Online Staff • Updated October 8, 2022
- Minimum Required Slope for Roofing Materials
- Roofing Underlayment
- Snow Issues and Roofs
- Ventilation and Roofing
- Weight of Snow by Snow Type
External Sources & References for Information about Ice Dams
1. General: “Preventing and Removing Ice Dams: A Comprehensive Guide for Homeowners” is a thorough and well-written article available on the website of the Breck Life Group.
2. General: The folks over at the University of Minnesota Extension cover all the bases on their ice dam page, with a nice diagram that illustrates how an ice dam forms and what kind of trouble it can cause.
3. General: You can see another good short article on preventing and dealing with ice dams in Popular Mechanics.
4. Building Codes: “R905.1.2 Ice Barriers” from the 2018 International Residential Code. Available at the UpCodes website.
5. Technical: “Guidelines for Ventilating Attics and Cathedral Ceilings to Avoid Icings at Their Eaves” is a very technical article (lots of math and graphs) available on the website of the US Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center.
6. Technical: “Prevent Ice Dams with Air Sealing and Insulation” – an excellent, excellent article available at the Green Building Advisor website. Be sure to read this before you do anything else about your ice dam issues.
7. Technical: “Preventing Problems from Ice Dams” is a brief technical bulletin available at the website of the Canadian Asphalt Shingle Manufacturers’ Association.


Health care for urban poor falls through the gap
The Lancet, Volume 377, Issue 9766, Pages 627 – 628, 19 February 2011
While governments and donors focus on health care for those living in rural poverty in developing countries, the residents of the world’s slums are being neglected, writes Priya Shetty.The slums of Mumbai and the favelas of Rio de Janeiro are images of urban poverty so extreme that they are indelibly stamped on the identity of those cities. But urban poverty now goes far beyond these notorious icons.
The world is becoming more urbanised overall (figure). 2008 was a demographic turning point—for the first time, according to the UN Population Fund (UNFPA), more people lived in urban areas than in rural ones. Yet these new urbanites, especially in developing countries, are overwhelming cities that were never designed to have so many inhabitants, and therefore simply do not have the infrastructure to cope.
Kindly follow this link to read the full article.
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“Engaging Public Health Professionals In the Process of Change”


As the world continues to move more towards a dependency on technology, you should also learn how to incorporate technology into our education. By using technology to your advantage, you can teach more effectively. With technology combined with education, you can open new opportunities for the future.
Connecting Students to Information
One of the biggest changes to education since the internet became widely used is the access to information. With just a couple clicks, a student can easily find the answer to any question right at their fingertips. This is a major impact to how students can learn because they no longer have to spend time flipping through encyclopedias. Additionally, now students can be sure that they have the most updated information. The internet helps to level the field because if a group of students have internet access, they also can research the same information. However, it is also important for students to understand how to find reliable information.
Making Online Classes Possible
Technology provides a location where people can be joined together from all around the world. Not only does this allow you to communicate with someone thousands of miles away, but it also allows people to be linked together in a classroom setting. Someone from Taiwan can be attending classes for an educational institution in the United States. In cases where you are unable to attend classes in person, online classes allow you to get a quality education remotely. One downside to online education is the added distractions possible. Often students will take online classes at home or in their rooms where they can be reminded constantly of everything else they could be doing besides studying. From the instructing side, it is important to keep your students actively participating.
Access to Tools
The internet is a place where you can benefit from other teaching tools put online for your use. Aside from accessing information, you can share tools that have helped you teach concepts better and you can find tools from others. Video sharing is one example of an online tool that can be used to become more educated. You can find videos either on a video streaming service like YouTube, or live video calls from tools like Zoom. Online you can even find editing software or applications that can help you with math.
Technology has the power to transform education for the better. Once you know what technology is available to you online, you will be able to help yourself or your students accelerate the learning process.
Read this next: Common Tech Threats to Your Business


SEAGRASS DIVERSITY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN IN A GLOBAL CHANGE SCENARIO: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FROM SATELLITE IMAGES
Manuel Matías, Tomás Sintes
Fecha de inicio: 1 de Diciembre de 2022
Fecha de final: 30 de Noviembre de 2024
The main challenge of this project is to correlate the changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Mediterranean basin with the spatial distribution and size of different seagrass species. We aim to evaluate the changes in the biodiversity and the patterns they form to the SST variation and determine how the growth (mortality) rate depends on the temperature. The results derived from this project are expected to be of relevance not only to identify the vulnerability of these ecosystems to climate change, but also in the design of optimal restoration strategies that maximizes the restoration success while minimizing the time scale for recovery and planting effort. These objectives meet with those contained in the EU Regulation 2020/852 of the European Parliament that establishes the protection and recovery of the biodiversity and ecosystems and the support to environmental policies as one of the main objectives in the ecological transition.


The spread of the new coronavirus is “completely out of control” on the Yanomami indigenous reservation in Brazil, where cases have nearly quadrupled in three months, according to a report published Thursday.
The Yanomami, like all indigenous peoples in the Amazon rainforest, have little historic exposure to outside diseases, and have a tragic history of being devastated by epidemics.
The report by a coalition of indigenous rights groups found virus cases on the reservation had surged from 335 in August to 1,202 in October, with 23 confirmed or suspected deaths.
“Social distancing is impossible in indigenous villages, so around 10,000 Yanomami and Ye’kuana may have been exposed to the new coronavirus, more than one-third of the total population” on the reservation the two groups share, the report said.
“The situation is completely out of control,” it added.
The researchers’ figures are higher than the official ones from the Brazilian health ministry, which reports 1,050 cases and nine deaths for the territory.
The reservation, the largest in Brazil, is home to around 27,000 people.
It registered its first coronavirus cases and death in April.
Indigenous rights groups blame illegal gold miners for bringing the disease onto the reservation, and accuse far-right President Jair Bolsonaro of failing to address the problem.
Overall, 39,647 indigenous people have been infected by the new coronavirus in the country, and 877 have died, according to the Association of Brazil’s Indigenous Peoples (APIB).
Brazil has the second-highest death toll in the pandemic, after the United States, with more than 167,000 people killed.
The country is home to an estimated 800,000 indigenous people from more than 300 ethnic groups.
The Brazilian Amazon is home to at least 100 isolated tribes, more than anywhere else in the world, according to indigenous rights group Survival International.
The Yanomami, who are known for their face paint and intricate piercings, number around 27,000.
Largely isolated from the outside world until the mid-20th century, they were devastated by diseases such as measles and malaria in the 1970s.


Hermione Lee is one of the leading literary biographers in the English-speaking world, the author of widely acclaimed lives of Edith Wharton and Virginia Woolf. Now, in this Very Short Introduction, Lee provides a magnificent look at the genre in which she is an undisputed master--the art of biography. Here Lee considers the cultural and historical background of different types of biographies, looks at the factors that affect biographers, and asks whether there are different strategies, ethics, and principles required for writing about one person compared to another. She also discusses contemporary biographical publications and considers what kind of "lives" are the most popular and in demand. And along the way, she answers such questions as why do certain people and historical events arouse so much interest? How can biographies be compared with history and works of fiction? Does a biography need to be true? Is it acceptable to omit or conceal things? Does the biographer need to personally know the subject? Must a biographer be subjective?
About the Series: Combining authority with wit, accessibility, and style, Very Short Introductions offer an introduction to some of life's most interesting topics. Written by experts for the newcomer, they demonstrate the finest contemporary thinking about the central problems and issues in hundreds of key topics, from philosophy to Freud, quantum theory to Islam.


Armenia is the smallest country in the Caucasus region with area of 29,800 square kilometers and with the population of about 3mln people. But above 6mln Armenians live abroad (Diaspora), mainly in Russia and USA, therefore the Diaspora has an immense contribution in the economic development of Armenia.
As per the estimated per-capita GDP of US$ 3,780 (GNI, 2014), Armenia is a lower middle-income country. One of the key sectors of Armenia's economy is the Mining Sector, which is also considered one of the fastest growing exporting sectors during the recent years. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector is one of the most productive in Armenia and the Government of Armenia declared the ICT sector as one of the development priorities for the Armenia's economy. But still Agriculture is the main sector of Armenian economy, and in 2013 the share of agriculture was 19.3% of the GDP, while the share of agriculture and food processing was nearly 25% of the GDP. While the contribution of agriculture in economic growth is essential, the capital Yerevan accounts for about 60% of Armenia's total GDP economic development with the huge gap between the regions of the country. It is necessary to develop industry and increase incomes in rural areas, accordingly.
Aiming at achieving the balanced and sustainable economic growth, JICA is providing the on-going assistance in the priority areas of cooperation with Armenia, which are as follows
1) Improving basic infrastructure and developing managing capacity; 2) Promoting small and medium-sized enterprises and sustainable regional development with the use of regional resources; and 3) Strengthening measures for disaster prevention.
|September 13, 2021||Support through JICA-funded “LEAP” (Private Sector Investment Finance-PSIF): The first loan to expand electricity services to provinces in Armenia|


On August 24, 1818, the Quapaw Line was drawn. Starting at La Petite Roche and heading due south, this line formed the boundary between the Quapaw tribal lands and public lands available for settlement. (In the 1810s and 1820s, the Quapaw alternated between Central Arkansas and Northwest Louisiana depending on preferences of the tribal leadership.)
Though by 1824, the Quapaw were forced by the federal government to give up all of their lands in the area, the line continued serve as an important marker. In the ensuing six years, the first permanent settlement of Little Rock took place and streets were planned.
The 1818 treaty referred to La Petite Roche as the Little Rock. Some have speculated that this is the first official use of “Little Rock” to designate the outcropping and to name the area. When the U.S. Post Office was established in March 1820, it was given the name Little Rock.
There is a marker commemorating the beginning of the Quapaw Line located at La Petite Roche in Riverfront Park. The first segment of the line is also noted in the park. There are also sunken markers place along the line at various points. In MacArthur Park, at the corner of 9th and Commerce Streets, there is a marker noting that the line passed through at that location. A few years ago, engineers from Garver retraced the line using modern technology. They found the original surveyors’ work to be extremely accurate.
A good account of walking the Quapaw Line through downtown Little Rock can be found on this website.
Most of what is now called the Quapaw Quarter was located to the west of the Quapaw Line. However, it did take its name from the fact that the tribe had once lived in that area and was later sequestered to lands near it. The name for the area was chosen by a committee composed of David D. Terry, Peg Newton Smith, Mrs. Walter Riddick Sr., Dr. John L. Ferguson, and James Hatcher. They had been appointed to a Significant Structures Technical Advisory Committee to advocate for preservation of important structures as a component of the City of Little Rock’s urban renewal efforts.


Sustainable Development Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
Crimes of violence, human trafficking, corruption and discrimination affect vulnerable people in all countries. Women and girls are usually the ones who suffer most in areas of conflict. Children are particularly affected as they miss out on education and health care in times of war. One in every four children world-wide are not registered at birth so do not have national identity status. Courageous women speak out at risk to themselves. It is vital that governments, civil society and other institutions address injustice of all types in order to restore and maintain peaceful societies.
Psalm 140 as you call to mind those who are oppressed.
God of justice, Prince of peace,
We pray for those in our communities who are vulnerable,
who have no-one to protect them
no-one to offer safe refuge
no-one to include them and treat them with respect.
We pray especially for children,
suffering cruelty from those who would abuse or manipulate,
denied education, health care and national identity,
just because they were born in the ‘wrong’ time and place.
We pray for those whose task is to administer justice,
those who make laws,
those who police our towns and cities,
those who work for peaceful solutions to conflict situations.
‘May justice roll on like a river, righteousness like a never-failing stream’ (Amos 5:24)
Encourage your church to adopt safeguarding practices if they don’t already do so
Find out the contact details of an appropriate person to inform if you suspect mal-practice.
Campaign for an end to violence against women and children through the Thursdays in Black movement.
Use your right to hold your elected officials to account. Talk with them about justice issues.
To find out more about Goal 16 and other Sustainable Development Goals visit: http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment
The World Federation of Methodist and Uniting Church Women supports the Sustainable Development Goals.