Electricity cannot be stored in the transmission grid, so the amount of electricity fed in must always be the same as the amount of electricity fed out. This means the production and consumption of energy must always be balanced. This equilibrium ensures the secure and stable operation of the grid at a constant frequency of 50 Hertz. The Swiss transmission grid is not the only one that is operated at a frequency of 50 Hertz; the same is true for the entire European interconnected grid. Swissgrid works together with the other transmission system operators to ensure that the frequency in this interconnected grid can be maintained at all times.
If unforeseen fluctuations arise, the operators in the grid control rooms use control energy, a reserve that power plants keep available for Swissgrid and that can be retrieved as required. The power plants either increase or decrease their power to compensate for any missing or excess electrical energy.
In the European interconnected grid, the balance between production and consumption is achieved via a three-stage process: first, primary control energy is activated. The turbines of the power plants throughout Europe respond to frequency fluctuations and increase or decrease their power accordingly. After a few minutes, the secondary control replaces the primary control. The power is provided by Swiss power plants, which receive an automatic signal from Swissgrid. After 15 minutes, the operators manually switch to tertiary control energy. They instruct individual domestic or international power plants to feed more or less energy into the grid.
Schedule management – the foundation of a constantly balanced grid
Careful planning together with the power plants and electricity traders is essential to make sure that the grid is always in equilibrium. Swissgrid is responsible for making sure that the transmission grid in Switzerland is always in balance. This also means the power plants and electricity traders always need to feed precisely as much energy into the grid (i.e. produce or purchase) as they sell.
One day before operation, the power plants and electricity traders send schedules of their national and international electricity trading transactions to the grid control rooms. The operators closely inspect the trading transactions and coordinate them with colleagues from the international transmission system operators. That is how they check whether the sum of all the trading transactions by the power plants and electricity traders is in balance, among other things. The schedules can be adjusted until shortly before as well as during operation. These cross-border preparations make it possible for the transmission system operators to ensure that the entire European interconnected grid remains in balance and to prevent fluctuations.


About Tree Bee
Tree Bee is a tree identification tool used to engage classrooms, families and communities in learning more about the trees and forests in their own backyards. Tree Bee has traditionally ran as a competition for students in grades 4-6, challenging them to learn the variety of trees through in-class resources and hands-on workshops. This tool enables everyone to get outdoors and learn what makes a maple different from an oak, or a spruce from a pine.
Tree Bee is a program of Forests Ontario. Forests Ontario is a non-profit charity dedicated to making Ontario’s forests greener. Our ambitious tree planting initiatives, extensive education programs, and decades of community outreach have helped plant millions of trees in the province each year—and it’s through these efforts that we’re bringing our vision for healthier forests to a new generation of stewards, partners, teachers, and donors.
Heritage Trees are also included on the Tree Bee map. Heritage Trees collect and tells the stories of Ontario’s diverse and unique trees and brings awareness to the social, cultural, historical and ecological value of trees. For your tree to qualify, Heritage Trees have to be associated with a historic person or event, or may be growing on land that is historically significant. Candidate Heritage Trees are also assessed for form, shape, beauty, age, colour, size, rarity, genetic constitution or other distinctive features and/or as a prominent community landmark, however its historical or cultural significance is of most importance. For more information about the Heritage Tree program, click here.
Tree Bee competitions can be brought to your communities! Tree Bee is a great way to bring your community together to learn more about trees through a fun and interactive competition. Check out our Tree Bee Resources to learn more.
Research and Publications
Kershaw, Linda. Trees of Ontario. Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, AB. 2001.
Laird, John. Trees in Canada. Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited. 1995.
Images were provided by partners, and sourced through www.forestryimages.org. Photos are cited.


In the course of climate change mitigation and limitation of natural resources an increasing interest in different subsurface activities has been observed in Europe, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), geothermal energy production / storage and unconventional gas exploration (“hydro-fracking”). All these activities have in common that they impact parts of the subsurface and may thus potentially have an effect on fresh water aquifers, which act as drinking water resource for a majority of the European population (75 %).
The proposed first phase of the project “CCS” aims at supporting operators in identifying theoretical and realistic impacts arising from emerging subsurface activities (CCS, geothermal storage / energy production and unconventional gas exploration). The results should enable water suppliers to determine which risks may arise for drinking water production and how they compare to other, existing risks.
This will be done by compiling and evaluating scientific and technical literature, by developing an approach for quantifying risks from subsurface activities and merging experience from research on CCS operation (by VERI and GFZ Potsdam) with water suppliers’ experience (BWB, FUB).
Theoretical knowledge will be combined with practical experience, taking North-Eastern German sedimentary basin as a case study, where deep saline aquifers are being used for gas storage purposes and represent potential carbon dioxide storage formations.
Selected publications produced in the COSMA project are available here.
© Header photo: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum – GFZ


'The concept of 'One Health' aims to help bring about the integration of animal, human and environmental health for the mutual benefit of all. This multidisciplinary approach is of great importance in a variety of fields, from enhancement of breakthroughs in biomedical research, to epidemiological studies and public health policy decision-making. We demonstrate the strength embedded in this approach by using three case studies from Israel. We first describe successful scientific collaboration between physicians, veterinarians and microbiologists in two original research projects aimed at unravelling the link between Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease as well as understanding the virulence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Next, fruitful collaboration between veterinarians and physicians led to the development of a post-exposure prophylaxis regime of tick-borne relapsing fever in humans, together with the detection of animal infection by Borrelia persica. We conclude with an example of a joint avian influenza outbreak investigation that demonstrates just how essential collaboration is between veterinarians and physicians from different organisations, not only across professions but also across state and political borders. The benefits gained by applying the 'One Health' concept in these three examples should encourage further collaboration between veterinarians and physicians.
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|State||Published - 1 Jan 2009|


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Nijmegen, German Nimwegen, gemeente (municipality), eastern Netherlands, on the Waal River (southern arm of the Rhine). It originated as the Roman settlement of Noviomagus and is the oldest town in the Netherlands. Often an imperial residence in the Carolingian period, it became a free city and later joined the Hanseatic League. In 1579 it subscribed to the Union of Utrecht against Spain. It was taken by the French (1672) in the third of the Dutch Wars, and the treaties—between Louis XIV, the Netherlands, Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire—that ended the hostilities were signed there in 1678–79. Nijmegen was the capital of Gelderland until its capture in 1794 by the French, who moved the capital to Arnhem. It served as a frontier fortress until its defenses were dismantled in 1878. Occupied by the Germans during World War II, the town was badly damaged and was the scene of an Allied airborne landing in 1944, during which the city centre was entirely destroyed. Rebuilt, Nijmegen is now an important focus of industry, a rail junction, and an inland shipping centre.
A scenic park, the Valkhof (“Falcon’s Court”), contains ruins of Charlemagne’s castle, which was destroyed by the Vikings but rebuilt by Frederick Barbarossa in 1155 before being demolished by French Revolutionary troops in 1796; a 16-sided baptistry (consecrated in 799) and the choir of its 12th-century church remain. The fine Renaissance Grote Kerk (“Great Church”) of St. Stephen and the town hall (1554) both suffered war damage but have been restored. Other notable buildings include the Latin School (1544–45), the Weighhouse (1612), and the modern Church of St. Peter Canisius (1960). Nijmegen has the Catholic University of Nijmegen (1923), with an important medical faculty and hospital; a municipal museum; the Museum Het Valkhof (1999), with a notable collection of Roman antiquities; and a theatre and a concert hall. Pop. (2007 est.) 160,907.


This is the VOA Special English Education Report.
Last week, we discussed one problem for medical journals: the question of authorship. You would think that all the scientists who took part in a research study would be listed as authors. But that is not always the case. Sometimes there are honorary authors and ghost authors. Honorary authors, also called guest authors, receive credit in a published study but had little to do with designing it or writing the article.
Ghost authors work on studies but are not credited. Sometimes they are paid by drug companies to place articles in journals to support the companys products. One example was described in September at a meeting of international medical journal editors in Vancouver, Canada.
Three researchers at the University of California at San Francisco presented information about a drug companys marketing campaign that included placing research articles in medical journals.
In the nineteen nineties, the drug company Parke Davis paid another company, Medical Education Systems, to produce journal articles in support of one of its drugs. Medical Education Systems worked with authors chosen by Parke Davis to research, develop and write articles for publication.
Editors of the journals that published the studies did not know about the companies involvement.
Another study presented at the meeting was done by editors at the Journal of the American Medical Association. Researchers questioned authors of nine hundred articles published last year in six top medical journals.
They found that twenty-one percent of the papers published in those journals had honorary authors. Eight percent had ghost authors. Two percent had both.
They compared this to a similar study in nineteen ninety-six. It found that nineteen percent of articles had honorary authors, twelve percent had ghost authors and two percent had both.
The researchers noted the drop in the percentage of ghost authors from twelve percent to eight percent. Annette Flanagin and Joe Wislar said they were pleased about the decrease but had hoped it would be larger.
Some researchers and editors say changes must be made to stop such false author claims. Some have called for journals to identify ghostwritten articles and ban their authors from future publication.
And thats the VOA Special English Education Report.


The United Nations Alliance of Civilizations’ High Level-Group Report recognizes that “The constant exposure of populations to media presents an educational challenge, which has increased in the electronic and digital age. Evaluating information sources requires skills and critical thinking and is an educational responsibility the importance of which is often underestimated. Separating fact from opinion, evaluating text and image for bias, and constructing and deconstructing a text based on principles of logic are teachable skills. Media literacy instruction is not widely recognized for its importance as an aspect of civic and peace education and therefore few instructional programs have been developed as part of basic modern education.” The Report recommends that “Media literacy programs should be implemented in schools, particularly at the secondary level, to help develop a discerning and critical approach to news coverage by media consumers and to promote media awareness and development of Internet literacy to combat misperceptions, prejudices and hate speech.”
To that end, UNAOC has developed a wide range of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) initiatives:
PLURAL+ Youth Video Festival
PLURAL+ Youth Video Festival focuses on the themes of migration, diversity and social inclusion, developed in partnership with IOM.
PEACEapp is a series of projects using ICT, gamified apps, and videogaming for intercultural dialogue.
MIL clearinghouse, a web-based multi-lingual platform for the dissemination of MIL resources and information developed in partnership with UNESCO.
MIL Curriculum for Teachers
MIL Curriculum for Teachers, the interactive version of UNESCO’s MIL curriculum.


Early proof-of-concept study produces encouraging results
Researchers have shown that electrical stimulation to the skull can starve brain cancers of vital nutrient-rich blood, opening the door to “brain zapping” as a new treatment for the often-fatal tumours.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applies a low intensity electrical current to the brain via electrodes on the scalp and is being investigated for a range of disorders including depression, speech loss after stroke, and the cognitive decline of Alzheimer’s disease.
Home users have also taken up the technology in the hope of bumping up thinking power or improving gaming skills.
It has not, however, been used for brain tumours.
A team from Harvard Medical School, US, and Italy’s University of Siena enrolled eight patients for the recent study. Six had glioblastomas – tumours that grow from the brain tissue itself – and two had metastatic cancers that had spread from the lung.
Even with the gold standard treatments of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the outlook is grim for both types of cancer. Median survival is around 12 months.
The researchers, led by Harvard’s Emiliano Santarnecchi, used brain scans to map the tumour and guide placement of scalp electrodes with the aim of maximising current to the cancer and minimising effects on the surrounding brain.
Each patient then had 20 minutes of tDCS while in a functional MRI scanner, which can monitor blood flow in the brain.
For such a brief intervention, the results were dramatic.
Read the full story in Cosmos magazine here


Epistle is the Greek word for letter. The New Testament contains twenty-two divinely inspired and inerrant epistles written to Christ’s Church by various apostles.
The letters are the result of the apostles’ carrying out Jesus’ great commission to make disciples of all nations, baptizing them and teaching them to observe all that He commanded. Accordingly, the Church has always gathered to listen to the epistles be read and to learn about the Christian faith and life. Given the use of the “brother” language in the epistles there is good reason to believe that the apostles wrote to local parish pastors who would then read the letter to the congregation. As time progressed the clerical office of lector (reader) developed. By the seventh century there were seven different clerical offices, and the privilege of reading the epistle fell to the sub-deacon (Matt. 28:19-20; 1 Thess. 5:27; Heb. 13:23-24).
Justin Martyr (d. 166 A.D.) wrote, “On the day called Sunday, all who live in cities or in the country gather together in one place, and the memoirs of the Apostles or the writings of the prophets are read, as long as time permits; then, when the reader has ceased, the [presiding minister] verbally instructs and exhorts to the imitation of these good things.”


With three independent branches, a legislature divided into two houses, and many diverse constituencies, it is remarkable that the federal government does not collapse in permanent deadlock. Yet, this system of government has functioned for well over two centuries, even through such heated partisan conflicts as the national health-care showdown and Supreme Court nominations. In Partisan Balance, noted political scholar David Mayhew examines the unique electoral foundations of the presidency, Senate, and House of Representatives in order to provide a fresh understanding for the government’s success and longstanding vitality.
Focusing on the period after World War II, and the fate of legislative proposals offered by presidents from Harry Truman to George W. Bush, Mayhew reveals that the presidency, Senate, and House rest on surprisingly similar electoral bases, with little difference in their partisan textures as indexed by the presidential popular vote cast in the various constituencies. Both congressional chambers have tilted a bit Republican, and while White House legislative initiatives have fared accordingly, Mayhew shows that presidents have done relatively well in getting their major proposals enacted. Over the long haul, the Senate has not proven much more of a stumbling block than the House. Arguing that the system has developed a self-correcting impulse that leads each branch to pull back when it deviates too much from other branches, Mayhew contends that majoritarianism largely characterizes the American system. The wishes of the majority tend to nudge institutions back toward the median voter, as in the instances of legislative districting, House procedural reforms, and term limits for presidents and legislators.
David R. Mayhew is Sterling Professor of Political Science at Yale University. His books include Congress and Electoral Realignments.
This publication is available at the following link:


The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is proposing a study to help establish a non-animal-based model to potentially replace the need to use dogs in future trials with new informatics tools.
The administration says it will conduct one study involving a small number of dogs—where they will only be subject to minimally invasive blood sampling—to eliminate the need for the use of dogs in certain types of future studies, some in which they might even be euthanized.
Before approving an animal drug, the FDA must have data to understand how a drug behaves in an animal’s body. As one part of generating the data, animal drug developers perform bioequivalence studies, which compare pharmaceutical products (i.e. an original approved product and proposed generic version) to see if they are similar enough to link them in terms of safety and effectiveness.
The aim is to validate a research model for the comparison of blood levels of certain orally administered canine drugs, to provide an alternative approach animal drug developers can use to generate data needed to support the FDA’s approval of these types of drugs, without the use of dogs during the research process.
The study would compare the bioequivalence of tablets containing both locally and systemically acting antiparasitic drugs already widely used in dogs and well-tolerated.
The proposed study would place dogs into three groups and, over the course of several months, they will receive a total of three pills. After each pill is administered, researchers will draw a small amount of blood from the dogs at specified intervals to measure the concentration of the drugs in the blood and compare them against existing data for these products. No dogs would be euthanized.
By using the data generated from these blood tests to establish a clear benchmark for how these drugs are absorbed in the dogs’ blood, the FDA expects to be able to use the data to develop informatics tools that can model the absorption of drugs in the future, rather than requiring the drugs to be tested on live dogs.
The dogs will receive regular veterinary care, including vaccinations and other preventive care, so they remain happy, well-socialized, and healthy. At the conclusion of the study, the dogs will be retired for adoption as pets.


The numbers are staggering. Around the world, one million babies die every year – on the very first day of their life. The reasons are many – premature birth, low birth weight and lack of skilled help during labor and delivery are just a few of the causes of death. But the even greater tragedy is that many of these deaths are preventable.
The First Day of a Baby's Life is Critical
Around the world, health care isn’t readily available to pregnant women. In low-income countries, premature babies without food or access to incubators are dying. Save the Children supports Kangaroo Mother Care – where skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding offer children warmth and nutrition during the most critical stage – the first 24 hours. Our experts agree that this simple, low-cost intervention can prevent the death of up to half a million newborns each year.
Our Saving Newborn Lives program is a project that aims to reduce newborn deaths and improve newborn survival in high-mortality countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Health workers present when the baby is born can help the mother establish exclusive breastfeeding, and can support her to keep the baby warm through skin-to-skin contact – a technique known as Kangaroo Mother Care.
Ways to Help
Become a Monthly Donor
When you make a monthly donation, you’ll help us respond to the ever-changing hunger, health and education needs of children around the world.
Sponsor a Child
Sponsorship makes a lasting change in the life of a child. Help your sponsored child and their community have a healthy start and the opportunity to learn. For less than $1 a day.
Newborn Health Resources
Thank you for signing up! Now, you’ll be among the first to know how Save the Children is responding to the most urgent needs of children, every day and in times of crisis—and how your support can make a difference. You may opt-out at any time by clicking "unsubscribe" at the bottom of any email.


COMPOSITION BOOK PAGE #3
OK so this is pretty simple. Please find a quiet place in your house (garage, basement, porch, attic wherever!) and carefully and slowly read Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 of “Holes” by Louis Sachar. Please set a timer and read for at least 20 minutes. Please read MORE chapters if you need to to get to 20 minutes. YOU ARE ALLOWED TO READ FOR LONGER THAN 20 MINUTES!
In your composition book, please write a short summary of Chapter 4 then write a short summary of Chapter 5.
Write your exact start time and end time at the top of the page!
Let’s be honest … you COULD easily cheat and just search Google for chapter summaries. I am actually OK with that AS LONG AS YOU ACTUALLY READ THE BOOK FIRST!
In fact … here is a link to cheat:
- I will be VERY IMPRESSED if you can figure out a way to add your mom or dad’s signature to this page if you are doing your composition book on Google docs.
- If you are using a notebook, just ask your mom or dad to sign the page after you are finished.


“I think history will judge: 17,000 people given safe passage is without precedent”
That was the claim from Dominic Raab yesterday as he defended his handling of the evacuation from Afghanistan.
The 17,000 figure refers to the number of people the UK has brought back from the country since April.
But despite the foreign secretary’s claim, it’s not unprecedented – even in British history.
The evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 saw 338,000 Allied troops rescued from northern France having been surrounded by German forces. The operation took eight days.
Also in 1940, some 24,600 people were evacuated from the Channel Islands to mainland Britain over fears of an imminent German invasion.
There have been more recent examples internationally.
In 1990, more than 170,000 Indians were airlifted from Kuwait after it was invaded by Iraq. The operation was carried out by Air India and overseen by the country’s foreign minister.
The following year, the US military evacuated 20,000 troops from the Philippines in a single month following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo.
And even in the Afghanistan evacuation which just ended, America’s record surpasses the UK’s.
On a single day last week, the US military brought 19,000 people out of the country – more than the 17,000 Britain evacuated through the entire mission.
The Foreign Office was contacted for comment.


7 most harmful chemicals added to common foods
Let thy food be thy medicine. Well, these words of wisdom might be true, but when we look at the processed foods around us, it seems difficult to let food be the medicine.
The use of chemicals and food additives makes many foods unfit for human consumption, and regular intake of such foods might be deadly too.
Scroll down to learn about these 7 common food chemicals that are added to foods and are not healthy for the human body.
1. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)
It is a common food additive added to savoury dishes. This additive is likely to have negative effects on human brain health. It is also associated with weight gain and metabolic syndrome.
2. Artificial food colouring
Research indicates that artificial food colouring may cause hyperactivity in sensitive children and can cause allergic reactions. The use of red colour has been shown to increase the risk of thyroid tumors.
3. Sodium Nitrite
It is a common chemical used in processed meat that can be converted into a harmful compound called nitrosamine. Regular consumption of this chemical is also linked to a higher risk of several types of cancer.
4. High-Fructose Corn Syrup
Commonly used in soda, juice, candy, breakfast cereal, and snacks, this chemical is linked with weight gain, diabetes, and inflammation.
5. Artificial Sweeteners
The most common type of artificial sweeteners are aspartame, sucralose, saccharin, and acesulfame potassium. While they claim to promote weight loss and blood sugar control, they might result in headaches and other health issues.
6. Sodium Benzoate
Even though this chemical is considered safe by the FDA, there are studies that suggest it is potentially harmful to humans. It has been associated with increased hyperactivity and when combined with vitamin C, it may be associated with cancer development.
7. Trans fat
It is a type of unsaturated fat that has undergone hydrogenation, which increases shelf life and improves the consistency of products. It is commonly found in processed foods and is linked with a higher risk of heart disease. It also causes inflammation and diabetes.
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Publisher: DK Publishing,
Publication Year: 2021,
See inside the eye of a cyclone, witness hailstones the size of tennis balls, and learn how a gentle mountain stream can become a raging surge within a few minutes.
With striking images, models, and illustrations, this visual guide offers a unique view of catastrophic weather conditions. From polar regions to the tropics, Eyewitness Hurricane & Tornado shows the effects of nature's most extreme weather.
Discover a bridge that collapsed due to severe gusts of wind, and learn about a tree species in southwest Africa that can survive several years of drought. Along the way you'll uncover historical items that reveal how ancient civilizations predicted the weather as well as the weather-forecasting techniques that have developed over the centuries and the ways in which human activity can cause weather patterns to change.
Part of DK's best-selling Eyewitness series, which is now getting an exciting makeover, this popular title has been reinvigorated for the next generation of information-seekers and stay-at-home explorers, with a fresh new look, new photographs, updated information, and a new "eyewitness feature - fascinating first-hand accounts from experts in the field.


When even Harley Davidson is thinking of manufacturing an electric motorcycle, there can be no doubt that transport, vehicles and road systems are undergoing a revolution. The fact that the creator of the V-twin engine has proposed a LiveWire prototype is even more striking than Google's desire to create a self-driven car in California. Because while Mountain View is the home of cutting-edge inventions, the Harley has a century-long history in motorcycling and was at the heart of the development of motorcycles in the early 20th century.
The electric car market is growing at a rate of 100 percent each year: 80,000 units in 2011 became 200,000 in 2012, which then became 400,000 in 2013. These numbers are still much lower than those of traditional vehicles, but we can learn something from history: the first motorcycle was put on the market in Germany in 1894, and between 1903 and 1905 Harley Davidson only managed to sell three Number Ones in the USA. Over a century later in 2013, Honda alone sold almost 17 million two-wheelers worldwide.
The positives of e-mobility – zero emissions, the reduction of oil consumption and energy savings – are already well-known, and while automotive manufacturers are racing to come out with increasingly efficient and consumer-friendly models, electricity companies can help speed up the chase by developing fast, interoperable and widespread charging stations. The Enel Group, which after eight years of consistent work is now a world leader in the field, has extended its scope beyond just research of technology and the implementation of infrastructure and systems.
Enel travels in electric cars: In Italy alone, the Group uses 238 electric vehicles in the daily activities of Enel Distribuzione's operational personnel. Over the course of 2014 in Spain, Endesa will introduce 32 electric cars to its fleet that will join the 407 hybrids already used by its sales personnel. Besides launching projects that encourage the spread of electric cars in Europe and Latin America, the Enel Group uses sustainable mobility in its own daily activities, meaning that when it comes to innovation it walks the walk as well as talking the talk.


Current treatments for type 2 diabetes include lifestyle, exercise and diet changes, alongside medication such as insulin injections. Despite this, some patients still struggle to manage their blood sugar levels.
However, a new artificial pancreas that has been trailed by scientists at Cambridge University could change all of that. The trial tested the artificial pancreas on 26 patients in two different settings. Encouragingly, the results of the trial were incredibly successful, and showed that the artificial pancreas helped to double the amount of time patients were in the target range for glucose when compared to standard treatments. The device also helped to half the amount of time spent experiencing high blood-sugar levels.
RELATED: Indian Science Institute Develops Insulin That Can Be Kept Without Refrigeration
The device works by helping to automatically manage patients glucose levels through the use of an off-the-shelf glucose monitor, insulin pump and an specially designed app. The app uses an algorithm to maintain the correct glucose levels for each patient. This is particularly advantageous when compared to current methods, with patients reporting that they spent less time managing their diabetes.
Other benefits that many of the trial participants highlighted included that there was no need for finger-prick testing, as well as increased confidence in managing blood glucose levels being reported.
Already, the researchers have submitted the artificial pancreas device for regulatory approval. This means that type 2 diabetes patients could soon be able to use the device to treat themselves in the near future.


The severe swelling of tendons, which are the flexible bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. Tendons help your muscles move your bones.
Bursitis and tendinitis are both common conditions that involve inflammation of the soft tissue around muscles and bones, most often in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, or ankle.
Tendinitis usually happens after repeated injury to an area such as the wrist or ankle. It causes pain and soreness around a joint. Some common forms of tendinitis are named after the sports that increase their risk. They include:
- Tennis elbow
- Golfer’s elbow
- Pitcher’s shoulder
- Swimmer’s shoulder
- Jumper’s knee
A bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a bone and other moving parts: muscles, tendons, or skin. Bursae are found throughout the body. Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed (redness and increased fluid in the bursa).
Treatments include rest, wrapping or elevating the affected area, and medicines can help. Ice is helpful for recent, severe injuries. Other treatments include stretching, altering or eliminating various sports movements, ultrasound, physical therapy, steroid injections, and surgery.


What Can An Orthodontist Do To Fix the Gap?
Having large gaps between the teeth can be, frankly, a huge hit to one’s self esteem and confidence. If you have this problem, seeing an orthodontist is your first key step toward correcting the problem. The dentist will be able to recommend appliances and tools that will help close the gap and braces are the most common solutions.
However, there are instances where regular braces alone cannot do the job and the spaces remain. It is important to note that braces are not the be-all end-all of tooth gaps. Here are several reasons why this may be the case.
1 – Size, Position and Shape of Teeth
Your tooth might be too small to properly occupy the space, so in addition to braces, your orthodontist might recommend having your tooth reshaped or resized to fill the entire space. Positioning may also be an issue. For example, if you have an angled tooth, the roots of two teeth might already be touching each other, thus making it more difficult for them to meet on the surface. This condition can be corrected by either reshaping the tooth or moving it.
2 – Your Bite
It might be the case that your lower front teeth are pushing the back of your upper front teeth. This issue will create gaps in the long run. A bad bite can only be corrected by moving or reshaping the teeth involved.
3 – The Structures Around Your Teeth
While there might be nothing wrong with your teeth per se, the structures that surround it may be hindering your braces from closing the gap between your teeth. These can include ligament problems, excess tissue between the teeth, tongue positioning problems, and sometimes even growths in the bones or cysts.
To correct persistent and stubborn gaps, your orthodontist might recommend several treatments to fix the issue. Talk to your orthodontist about the best possible options for your specific case.
CAN I FIX MY GAP?


'My Plate' Replaces Food Pyramid
The pyramid has become a plate. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has introduced a plate-shaped depiction of the government’s dietary guidelines. The plate is divided into four sections, vegetables, fruits, grains and proteins, with a fifth section, dairy, positioned like an adjacent cup.
Fruits and vegetables take up half of the new plate icon, with the vegetable portion being larger. Grains and proteins (such as meats and beans) occupy the other half.
The USDA first displayed dietary guidelines as a pyramid in 1992. Since then, the nation’s obesity rate has skyrocketed and the pyramid has been criticized as confusing and ineffective.
“When mom or dad comes home from a long day of work, we’re already asked to be a chef, a referee, a cleaning crew. So it’s tough to be a nutritionist, too,” says First Lady Michelle Obama. “But we do have time to take a look at our kids’ plates. As long as they’re half full of fruits and vegetables, and paired with lean proteins, whole grains and low-fat dairy, we’re golden.”
"The new My Plate icon is certainly more practical and intuitive than the previous My Pyramid icon," says Campbell Soup Co. spokesperson Juli Mandel Sloves.
On its My Plate website, the USDA emphasizes three steps families can take to eat healthily:
● Enjoy your food, but eat less.
● Avoid oversized portions.
Foods to Increase
● Make half your plate fruits and vegetables.
● Make at least half your grains whole grains.
● Switch to fat-free or low-fat (1%) milk.
Foods to Reduce
● Compare sodium in foods like soup, bread, and frozen meals ― and choose the foods with lower numbers.
● Drink water instead of sugary drinks.


Starting in 2030, California will require all light autonomous vehicles operating in the state to emit zero emissions. Enacted by Governor Gavin Newsom on Thursday, SB 500 represents the state’s latest effort to limit the sale of new internal combustion vehicles in an effort to reduce greenhouse emissions. In 2020, Newsom signed an executive order that effectively banned the sale of new gasoline and diesel vehicles by 2035. That same year, the state Air Resources Board mandated that all new trucks sold in California be zero-emission by 2045.
“We are grateful for California’s leadership to ensure that this is the industry standard,” said Prashanthi Raman, Cruise’s head of global government affairs, in a statement to Engadget. “The AV industry is poised to lead the way in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in cities, and that is why we have operated a zero-emission, all-electric fleet from the start.” Cruise endorsed SB 500 through its involvement with the Zero Emissions Coalition, a group that also includes autonomous delivery startup Nuro.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the transportation sector has been the largest source of greenhouse emissions in the United States since 2019, with light vehicles accounting for more than half of that production. Yet self-driving cars currently represent only a small fraction of the nearly 15 million vehicles on California’s roads. Additionally, both Cruise and Waymo, two of the most prominent companies testing fully autonomous taxi services in the state, use fleets made almost exclusively of electric and hybrid vehicles. This latest California move is about preventing autonomous vehicles from becoming big polluters in the future, particularly if driverless taxi services become popular with commuters.


This site was archived on Oct. 19, 2020, based on the scientific consensus that homosexuality does not fit neatly into a nature v. nurture binary.
Nsikan Akpan, PhD, Science Editor at National Geographic, explained the newest scientific consensus in an Aug. 29, 2019 article, “There Is No ‘Gay Gene.’ There Is No ‘Straight Gene.’ Sexuality Is Just Complex, Study Confirms,” available at pbs.org: “Sexuality cannot be pinned down by biology, psychology or life experiences, this study and others show, because human sexual attraction is decided by all these factors.”
Whether sexual orientation is a trait we are born with (nature) or is caused by the environment we are raised in (nurture) has been debated by scientists, religious leaders, elected officials, and the general public.
Proponents argue that sexual orientation, much like handedness or tongue curling, is determined by natural, immutable biological factors such as genes or hormones, and therefore gay people should be entitled to the same legal rights and protections as other human beings.
Opponents argue that homosexuality is a reversible and unfortunate lifestyle choice resulting from poor child-parent relationships, sexual abuse, brainwashing by pro-gay influences, or other developmental causes. Some contend that gay people should be denied marriage, discrimination protection, and social and religious acceptance.


This stellar whirlpool is a spiral galaxy named NCG 7329, which has been imaged by Hubble’s Vast Discipline Digital camera 3 (WFC3). Creating a colourful picture akin to this one utilizing a telescope akin to Hubble will not be as easy as pointing and clicking a digicam. Industrial cameras will sometimes attempt to accumulate as a lot gentle of all seen wavelengths as they’ll, with a view to create essentially the most vibrant photos potential. In distinction, uncooked photos collected by Hubble are all the time monochromatic, as a result of astronomers sometimes wish to seize very particular ranges of wavelengths of sunshine at any time, with a view to do one of the best, most correct science potential. In an effort to management which wavelengths of sunshine will probably be collected, Hubble’s cameras are geared up with all kinds of filters, which solely enable sure wavelengths of sunshine to succeed in the cameras’ CCDs (a CCD is a digicam’s gentle sensor — telephone cameras even have CCDs!).
How are the colourful Hubble photos potential on condition that the uncooked Hubble photos are monochromatic? That is achieved by combining a number of totally different observations of the identical object, obtained utilizing totally different filters. This picture, for instance, was processed from Hubble observations made utilizing 4 totally different filters, every of which spans a distinct area of the sunshine spectrum, from the ultraviolet to optical and infrared. Specialised picture processors and artists could make knowledgeable judgments about which optical colours finest correspond to every filter used. They’ll then shade the pictures taken utilizing that filter accordingly. Lastly, the pictures taken with totally different filters are stacked collectively, and voila! The colorful picture of a distant galaxy is full, with colours as consultant of actuality as potential.


HYDROPERIOD CLASSIFICATION OF CERVANTES COOLIMBA COASTAL WETLANDS USING LANDSAT TIME SERIES IMAGERY
Keywords: Environment, Hydrology, Monitoring, Landsat, Temporal
Abstract. Geomorphic classification of wetlands relies on information regarding landform and hydroperiod. Additional attributes of wetland size, vegetation cover and salinity can be collected for lower order classification. Hydroperiod is important in determining features that characterize the ecological function of the wetland. This study examines how Landsat time series imagery was used to describe the hydroperiod of wetlands along the coastal zone between Cervantes to Coolimba in Western Australia. Inundation extent maps were derived using 17, Landsat Band 5 images captured between 1988 and 2011. The number of times a wetland basin was more than 10 % inundated was then calculated. This inundation frequency dataset was then the basis for hydroperiod classification. Wetlands were classified as being permanently inundated if they had more than 10% inundation in 12 or more of the 17 images available (approximately 70%). A Landsat image captured 2 weeks prior to field work was used to determine Band 5 thresholds to identify areas of inundation and assess classification accuracy. Field measurements of surface water cover, depth, secchi depth, vegetation cover and salinity were taken across 16 plots located close to inundation boundaries. The accuracy of the inundation maps was highly dependent on the degree of vegetation cover. Mapping accuracy was heavily influenced by vegetation cover and achieved an overall accuracy of 87.5%. The resulting hydroperiod datasets provides an accurate record of inundation frequency which can be used to aid classification of wetlands and also allows changes to inundation frequency over time to be assessed.


This post is provided by guest blogger, Tonya Stafford, graduate student at the University of St. Francis in Joliet, Il., MS in Training and Development program.
Authentic assessment uses real-world tasks to demonstrate the practical application of knowledge acquired and skills learned. In a recent article, Kaider, Hains-Wesson, and Young (2017) discuss equipping students with skills needed for employment through
work-integrated learning and authentic assessment tools in the place of clinical rotations or internships, which may not be available in certain disciplines. The article discusses several authentic assessment proponents’ theories and views, and a study investigating authentic assessment in a sample of university courses, concluding that all courses studied contained some level of authentic assessment aligning with learning outcomes and facilitating employability skill development.
Although this article specifically addresses university students and innovative approaches to enhance employability skills, I would recommend it for any instructional designer, teacher, or facilitator interested in providing learners with an opportunity to use higher-order thinking skills to apply in practical, real-world situations. The discussion of common characteristics in authentic learning and the examples of authentic learning assessment techniques in this article provide useful tools when designing a course and would be an asset to anyone who would like to explore alternatives to traditional assessments, such as standardized tests and quizzes.
Kaider, F., Hains-Wesson, R., Young, K. (2017). Practical typology of authentic work-integrated learning activities and assessments. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 18, 153-165. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1151141.pdf


Pterygium is a commonly occurring ocular disease. Pterygium often occurs in regions with abundant sun exposure.
The pterygium patient population is estimated to be approximately 10 million to 15 million patients in the United States and approximately 10 million in Europe.
A pterygium is a benign fibrovascular growth on the cornea that can impair vision. It progressively grows and has cycles of irritation. It is associated with and thought to be caused by ultraviolet light exposure (e.g., sunlight).
Symptoms of pterygium includes hyperemia, irritation, foreign body sensation, and pain. It can cause visual impairment due to lesion obscuration on the visual axis.
There are no FDA-approved drugs for pterygium. Physicians often prescribe off-label drugs including artificial tears, topical corticosteroids, and NSAIDs with limited efficacy or safety concern. Surgical removal is dependent upon visual axis involvement, symptom severity and cosmetic concerns.
The images above show the current standard of care to treat late stage pterygium patients – surgical excision. Unfortunately, post-surgical recurrence rate is high.
(Sources: 1. Medscape; 2. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Accessed November, 2018.; 3. Hovanesian, J. A. etc., J. Cataract Refract Surg., 2017, 43, 405-419; 4. Rezvan, F. etc., Surv Ophthalmol., 2018, 63, 719-735)


Hauwau Mukhtar Abdulkarim & Okolie Benedicta Onuegbu
The study investigated the eﬀectiveness of psychosocial counselling technique (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) on juvenile delinquency problem among secondary school students in Sokoto Metropolis. The study adopted Quasi-Experimental Research Design in which pre-test, post-test, control and experimental groups were used. The populations for the study comprised of 7,513 SSS III students in Sokoto metropolis from which a sample of 60 students were selected using two intact classes from two secondary schools purposefully selected for the study. The two hypotheses formulated were analyzed using t-test. An instrument, Juvenile Delinquency Questionnaire (JDQ), was used for data collection. The ﬁndings from the study revealed that, there is signiﬁcant eﬀect of psychosocial counselling technique (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy) on juvenile delinquency problem among secondary school students in Sokoto Metropolis. It was therefore recommended that the school counselling oﬃcer should adopt Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) technique in the treatment of students’ psychosocial problem such as juvenile delinquency among the students, and that governmental and nongovernmental agencies should help by creating awareness on the eﬀectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of behavioural problem in students through public lecture, seminar/workshop and open air campaign.


Albumen print from wet collodion negative
Image: 40.5 x 54.8 cm (15 15/16 x 21 9/16 in.); Matted: 55.9 x 71.1 cm (22 x 28 in.)
John L. Severance Fund 1988.87
From the medium’s beginnings in the 1830s through the 1880s, most photographs were intimately scaled objects meant for the hand, the album, and the home. As the medium began being used to document landscapes and monuments in the 1850s, larger scale processes arose such as the glass-plate negative. The mammoth print truly seemed gargantuan in the 1860s. For much of the 20th century, the 8-x-10-inch gelatin silver print was the norm for photojournalism; these prints were destined for reproduction in books and magazines around the same scale.
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To request more information about this object, study images, or bibliography, contact the Ingalls Library Reference Desk.
All images and data available through Open Access can be downloaded for free. For images not available through Open Access, a detail image, or any image with a color bar, request a digital file from Image Services.


Crystals of smashed cement, the perfect size for lodging in lungs, made up most of the dust rising from the World Trade Center.
When ten million of tons of building, mixed with 91,000 liters of jet fuel, collapse into a smoking heap, an incredible variety of pulverized materials rise into the air. Though no one took samples of the plume that rose up from the World Trade Center on 9/11, samples of the dust that filtered down in the following days and gas emanating from the pile have given a glimpse of what rescue workers and others breathed in: heavy metals from computers, cellulose from paper, shards of metal and stone from the buildings' walls, calcium carbonate from the tons of smashed cement, fibers from rugs, fragments of glass and burned hair. The NYC EPA's conflicting reports in the days after the disaster---air pollution levels seemed safe, yet rescue workers should wear bulky respirators---appear to have contributed to the ongoing public health crisis of "World Trade Center cough," lung disease, and increased cancer rates in rescuers and those who worked nearby. In an interactive feature
, David Biello at Scientific American shows microscopic mugshots of the culprits and describes what scientists have gleaned about the environmental effects of 9/11 in the last ten years. Read more at SciAm
Image courtesy of the EPA, via SciAm


Iconic images of the Statue of Liberty show her from the front, with torch raised high. So most people are unfamiliar with her feet, which are mostly covered by her long robe anyway. But author Dave Eggers wants readers to notice her right foot, which he says holds a timely message about what the statue represents: acceptance of immigrants.
Written with humor and candor, Her Right Foot tells the story of the statue’s creation in France and how it made it’s way to New York. It’s full of facts presented in a way to appeal to young readers. For instance, Eggers calls attention to the copper skin that “is about as thick as two pennies.” He also writes that for about 35 years the statue was brown, which is the color of copper before it oxidizes into a greenish-blue hue.
Facts about her height, how she was built, the symbolism of the seven spikes on her crown, and more build up to a little known fact about her right foot. Eggers uses imagery of that foot to offer a reminder about what the statue itself symbolizes, both to Americans and to people all over the world.
Art by Shawn Harris is sometimes playful, sometimes serious, and it helps the story flow. Her Right Foot is a great book to share with children aged 5 to 8 as a way to start a conversation about immigration and its historic role in the U.S.
The publisher provided me with a copy of this book in exchange for my honest review.


Racism, Antisemitism and Achievement: Christoph Meiners and his Theory of the Nonequivalence of Human Beings
This chapter deals with the establishment of the scientific theory of race in Germany c. 1800. More specifically, I will show that the Göttingen philosopher Christoph Meiners (1747–1810) developed his doctrine on the inequality of humans and ‘human races’, which took shape around the time of the French Revolution of 1789, with reference to the emancipation of the Jews and the movement to abolish slavery and the slave trade. Thus, one might argue pointedly that the genesis of the scientific theory of race was a reaction to the emancipatory struggles of both Jews and slaves. One might also argue that the interlinkage of antisemitism and racism is an inherent part of the scientific theory of race from its very beginnings.
Axster, Felix. 2022. Racism, Antisemitism and Achievement: Christoph Meiners and his Theory of the Nonequivalence of Human Beings. In: Colonialism and the Jews in German History: From the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century, hg. von Stefan Vogt. Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. doi: 10.5040/9781350155749.


Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that progresses over time and affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. As ALS advances, the brain loses its ability to control the muscles in the body.
This affects the muscles involved with voluntary movement (such as walking and mobility) as well as muscles utilized for respiration and swallowing. ALS generally occurs between 40 and 70 years of age, however, it can develop at any time.
ALS may be referred to as Lou Gehrig’s Disease (after the famous baseball player afflicted with the condition) or motor neuron disease.
What Causes ALS?
There are two types of ALS: sporadic (or random) and familial. Most people have the sporadic type — the cause of which is still unknown. A small percentage of people with the disease have familial ALS. They have a family history of the disease where dominant genetics are involved.
Because the disease progresses slowly over time, symptoms can go unnoticed. They include:
- Arm or leg weakness
- Difficulty with speech or swallowing
- Muscle twitching and cramping
- Loss of muscle mass
- Shortness of breath
There is no specific test for ALS, and it is difficult to diagnose. It is essential to have a neurologist evaluate a patient by taking a thorough medical history and performing a neurological examination. Based on patient symptoms, this will enable the neurologist to rule in or rule out other diseases. Some tests that may be performed include: EMG (electromyography), which tests functionality of muscles and nerves, blood tests, urine screens, spinal tap and an MRI of the spine and brain.
Treating and Controlling ALS
While there is currently no cure for ALS, there has been a surge of promising research. Focus is placed on managing the symptoms that accompany the disease in order to enhance quality of life, maintain activities of daily living and prevent other complications.
Riluzole is the only drug currently approved by the FDA for ALS. In some people, it slows the disease’s progression. Other medications are often prescribed to alleviate some of the disease symptoms such as pain, depression, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal issues and fatigue. Nutritional support, mobility assistance devices and respiratory devices have shown to be helpful as the disease progresses.
For more information about ALS, visit the ALS Association at: alsa.org.


Mini Tafseer: Suratul-Masad
Page Count: 78
Trim Size: 5.5" x 8.5"
Color: Black and White
Recommended for KG-2nd Grade (as a read along with an adult) or 3rd-5th Grade (used for independent study).
Rasulullah (peace be upon him) had started openly teaching his people about Islaam, but one of his uncles was burning with anger about it. Your child will learn who this uncle was, and the many cruel ways that he and his wife tried to stop the spread of Islaam.
Click below to see the book preview:
About this Series:
The Mini Tafseer Book Series provides parents/teachers with an exciting way to introduce children to the Tafseer (explanation) of Juz 'Amma (30th part of the Qur'aan) plus Suratul-Faatihah. The set includes 38 workbooks that feature 300+ Qur'aanic Arabic vocabulary words, the reasons of revelation (Asbaab An-Noozool), engaging illustrations, coloring pages, activities, fascinating information about each surah, mini grammar lessons, and comprehensive review quizzes.
The series is based on the classic Tafseer of Ibn Kathir and the world-renowned Sahih International translation of the Qur'aan. All ahadith quoted in the series come from the Sahih collections of Al-Bukhari and Muslim. Therefore, you can rest assured that you are teaching your child from the most authentic Islamic sources, Insha-Allah.


What's behind the increase? According to Symantec, spammers appear to be "trying to make up for the loss of several zombie networks, due to legal actions." In other words, they're pumping out spam with malware in an attempt to build their botnets back up to full strength, adding as many compromised -- aka zombie -- PCs as they can.
Spam-containing malware isn't the only attack that's lately been on the increase. Indeed, from May to June 2010, the incidence of phishing attacks increased by 25%. In part, this was due to the prevalence of attackers using automated toolkits for creating their phishing attacks; the use of such toolkits more than doubled in that timeframe. The number of free webhosting services being used in such attacks also increased by 26% from May to June, to comprise 11% of all phishing attacks.
As always, the primary motive behind phishing attacks appears to be monetary, with 85% of all phishing attacks targeting financial institutions, versus 14% targeting information services companies, and less than 1%, government agencies.
On a positive note, however, the amount of spam in the wild has recently declined. While spam comprised 88.3% of all email messages in June, that was down from 89.8% in May.
In recent months, attackers have also been creating more phishing websites that spoof Google's social networking site Orkut, especially in Brazilian Portuguese, since Orkut's biggest traction is in Brazil, said Symantec. These spoof sites have even been going so far as to mimic Google's changing imagery, often based on popular holidays, such as Earth Day and Mother's Day. This attention to detail may result from the need to trick the maximum number of people during the short window that a phishing site remains active -- just 54 hours, according to Symantec -- before it gets shut down.


The Nassau County Department of Health Officials is investigating a Legionnaires outbreak on the Wantagh and Levittown borders. A person dies and nine people were hospitalized due to the infection of the disease.
Health officials said that they have been combing the whole area and trying to find out the exact or most probable source of disease. The disease comes from a kind of bacteria called Legionella. People will get infected with diseases when they breathe in a mist or vapor comprising the bacteria. This is not a contagious disease that will not be spread from one person to another person.
The most communal source of the bacteria includes hot tubs, decorative fountains, hot water tanks, cooling towers for air conditioning systems, and big plumbing systems. Symptoms of the Legionnaires include shortness of breath, coughing, muscle aches, high fever, and headache. People can observe these symptoms within two to ten days of exposure to the disease.
As per the CDC, people 50 and older are at very high risk of getting ill from the Legionnaires, as well as people with the very low immune system, former and current smokers, people with underlying illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, kidney or liver failure, and chronic lung disease.
All 10 people who were infected with the disease are between 35 to 96 years old, and majorities are 50 and older. The person who died was over 50 years with underlying medical conditions. All these cases are within half a mile area of Wantagh Avenue. Children and staff of the nearby areas not showing any symptoms nor they got sick.
Nassau County has been alerted to the outbreak. And anyone with the symptoms of the disease should get in touch with their health providers.


Friendship Across Contexts: The Impact of Friends' Race on School Belonging
This study investigated the links between the percentage of friends of a different race in adolescents' school-based friendship networks and their sense of school belonging. Data from 9,357 adolescents (53% female; 49% White, 18% Black, 18% Hispanic, 7% Asian American) were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. In my path analysis model, I found that adolescents with fewer friends of a different race (more same-race friends) reported higher school belonging, through the channel of higher perceived safety at school. While students with higher peer support reported higher school belonging, the racial composition of friends was not related to the level of peer support. These relationships showed some variation by students' race and ethnicity, immigrant generation status, numerical marginalization status, and the racial diversity of their school. For numerically marginalized students (i.e., who had less than 15% same race or ethnicity peers), fewer friends of a different race were also associated with lower peer support, which was linked to lower school belonging a year later. Findings suggest that in the context of diversity and inclusion in academic institutions, having more same-race friends still confer unique benefits to the well-being of young people.
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A book is a publication focused on one topic. A book can be a primary, secondary, or tertiary source. We have books in print, online, and audiobook formats.
To find books in any format, search the library catalog, IvyCat. To access a book that is in the library, you need to know its call number. To access a book online, you need to log in to My Ivy or create a free account on that database to read it. Find out more:
Search in library databases and catalogs with the key words of your statement or question. It saves time to write these key words down, with a synonym for each, because you will refine them as you search. When you find a resource that you like, look at the subject tags on its record, and use those to find more. For more help on constructing searches see these Library Guides:
Your assignments may ask you to use primary sources and/or scholarly sources.
The terms primary, secondary, and tertiary indicate the relationship between the author and the events described. A primary source is documentation from someone who personally witnessed or experienced them: ex. a diary, an interview, a report of an experiment. Primary sources are not always written texts!
Scholarly sources refers to the audience: not for general readers. Peer-reviewed refers to the scholarly process of review before publication. You can limit your searches to scholarly or peer-reviewed items.


Active Seniors recently held Balance Workshops across Sydney and the Central Coast. We would like to thank everyone that came along. We will be sharing videos over the next month reminding you all of the exercises that you learnt on the day. If you would like to watch a video of the whole workshop again please click here
The three most important areas that contribute to our ability to balance are our eyes, our ears and our body receptors which are also known as proprioceptors. Eyes, like many parts of the body, are controlled by muscles. These muscles can become tight and stiff, just like ones in the neck, back or legs. Like those bigger muscles, they can be stretched to make them work better and have a positive impact on your balance. The way to stretch them is quite simple, just watch this video.
Ankle and Foot Exercises
There is a direct correlation with how stiff your ankles are and how likely you are to fall. Simply put, the stiffer your ankles, the more likely you are to fall. This occurs for two reasons. Firstly your ankles have to be able to move while you are walking on unstable ground. If you walk over a crack in the footpath and your ankle is locked, then it will cause you to tilt to side and possibly fall. The second reason is that the ankles are constantly giving feedback to the brain about how you are moving and what muscles to switch on, like your hip or thigh muscles. The more your ankle moves, the more information it gives.
The joints are constantly giving information to the brain about where they are positioned and how they are moving. The more the joints are moved, the more stimulation to the brain and the better your balance is. The key joints are your feet and ankles, your hips, spine and neck. They should be moved gently and comfortably through the full range of their movement every day.
Spinal Mobility Exercises
Our spine has more balance receptors in it than any other part of the body. Like the ankles, the better it moves the better your balance. Having good mobility in your spine is also is very important for improving the way you move and conditions including osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.
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Upper Body Weight Bearing
By Jessica Tallent, OTR/L
Kids Place Pediatric Occupational Therapist
Occupational therapists assist in developing fine motor coordination and grasping skills needed for children to carry out everyday tasks. These tasks include playing with different sized, picking up pieces of food, learning to use utensils such as spoons and markers, tying shoes, completing buttons, and so much more.
An inefficient or weak grasp pattern can affect how we are able to participate in our world. Before we can even begin to develop and refine our fine motor and grasping skills, we must first have what we call proximal stability.
Proximal stability means have strong, stable muscles and joints in and close to our core, especially at the shoulders. One of the best ways to achieve proximal stability is through weight bearing activities.
Occupational therapists focus on weight bearing through the upper extremities. This allows us to activate our core muscles, strengthen our shoulder girdle, and improve stability. When weight bearing through outstretched hands, we are also able to better develop our hand arches and integrate palmar and grasping reflexes.
We often hear about tummy time as babies, and the importance of creeping/crawling for core and upper extremity development, but tummy time does not have to stop when babies learn to walk. Floor time can and should continue throughout childhood to continue building that proximal stability.
Ways to work on more weight bearing activities at home:
- Play on your belly – coloring, puzzles, reading are examples that can all be done lying on
- Creeping/crawling on hands and knees – make a relay or have a race, crawl beside each other or follow the leader
- Yoga – down dog, cat/cow, cobra, bridge
- Animal walks – bear crawls, crab walks, army/belly crawls
- Wheelbarrow walks
- Wall push-ups/floor push-ups


St. Luke?s Hospital limits visitors during flu outbreak
Published 11:00 pm Tuesday, February 12, 2008
The flu is a familiar, misery filled scene: aches, fever, chills, nausea and a week spent at home with a diet of fluids. There are steps you can take to help beat the flu bug and even avoid it altogether.&uot;Vaccination offers the best defense,&uot; says Helen Blomeley, infection control nurse. &uot;The Center for Disease Control urges those at most risk to receive the immunization including the elderly; people with serious conditions such as cancer, asthma, and liver or heart disease; those who are in close contact with people at high risk such as health care workers; and those living with immune compromised people. Vaccination is a good idea for anyone who wants to avoid the flu.&uot;In addition to vaccination, you can fend off the flu by keeping your immune defenses strong. Get proper amounts of sleep, eat a healthy diet, get regular exercise, and take vitamins as advised by your physician. It is also wise to avoid people you know are sick and take preventive precautions such as washing your hands frequently.If you think you have the flu, see your primary care physician and stay home until your doctor says you are no longer contagious. Your own doctor is the best resource you have to diagnose and treat the flu.


When it comes to encouraging teenagers to take measures to reduce their risk of skin cancer, new research suggests parents and health educators should emphasize how ultraviolet light causes wrinkles and other signs of premature aging.
In the study, researchers recruited high-school students and randomly assigned them to two groups. One set of participants watched a health-based video that highlighted skin-cancer risks, while the other group viewed a video focusing on the cosmetic changes due to ultraviolet light. Students completed questionnaires demonstrating their knowledge about ultraviolet light and use of sun-protective behaviors before and after watching the videos. According to a University of Colorado Cancer Center release:
... despite knowing the skin cancer risk from ultraviolet exposure, the group that had watched the health-based video showed no statistically significant increase in their sun-protective behaviors. On the other hand, the group that had been shown the appearance-based video reported a dramatic increase in the use of sunscreen.
"For teenagers, telling them [ultraviolet] exposure will lead to skin cancer is not as effective as we would hope. If our endgame is to modify their behavior, we need to tailor our message in the right way and in this case the right way is by highlighting consequences to appearance rather than health. It's important to address now - if we can help them start this behavior when younger, it can affect skin cancer risk when older," [says study co-author April Armstrong, MD.]
Previously: Beat the heat - and protect your skin from the sun, As summer heats up take steps to protect your skin, How ultraviolet radiation changes the protective functions of human skin, Medical experts question the safety of spray-on tanning products and The importance of sunscreen in preventing skin cancer
Photo by David van der Mark


Perceptions of interactive whiteboard pedagogy in the teaching of Chinese language
AbstractThere have been many positive claims made concerning the benefits of learning through a pedagogy which makes use of an interactive whiteboard (IWB), leading to a rapid acquisition and implementation of the IWB in schools. There is more limited research, however, of the effectiveness of the IWB in language learning and, in particular, in the learning of Chinese. This case study research used both qualitative and quantitative data to collect teacher and student perceptions of the learning of Chinese through an IWB pedagogy in one secondary school in Sydney, Australia, involving students in three levels of senior secondary school. Our findings confirm previous studies which state that students endorse the use of new technology in education. In particular, our study shows that the students believed that the IWB was effective in enhancing various aspects of their Chinese language learning. The positive attitude of the teacher towards the use of new technology in teaching is also found to play an important role in the implementation and success of the use of the IWB and in turn leads to the effective teaching and learning of Chinese. This study contributes to attention within research to the application of new technology in language learning.
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How to Cite
Xu, H. L., & Moloney, R. (2011). Perceptions of interactive whiteboard pedagogy in the teaching of Chinese language. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.972
Articles published in the Australasian Journal of Educational Technology (AJET) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant AJET right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in AJET volumes 36 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.


What is femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)?
With FAI, certain activities can cause the ball and socket of the hip bump or impinge on each other, causing pain, inflammation, and sometimes a grinding or popping with hip movement. Frequently the ring of soft cartilage attached to the edge of the hip socket, called the labrum, is damaged or torn. The consequences of this is symptoms that limit activity and result in slow but progressive damage to the hip joint.
Types of FAI
FAI generally occurs in two forms: CAM and Pincer. At times both CAM and Pincer type impingement occur in the same hip, creating a mixed presentation.
The CAM for (CAM comes from the Dutch word meaning “cog”) describes a shape of the ball (femoral head) that is aspherical or not perfectly round. This loss of roundness of the femoral head contributes to a damaging, abnormal contact between the head and socket.
The Pincer type (Pincer comes from the French word meaning “to pinch”) describes the situation where the socket, or acetabulum, has too much coverage of the ball or femoral head. This over coverage typically exists along the front-top rim of the socket and results in the labral cartilage being “pinched” and damaged between the rim of the socket and the ball of the hip joint.
How is femoroacetabular impingement treated?
There are non-surgical options such as injections, medications, and physical therapy to address the modifiable variables contributing to FAI pain.
A minimally invasive arthoscopic surgery to reshape the bone contours of the ball and socket can be performed to treat FAI. Reshaping the joint reduces the interference causing the damage is relieved. Since tearing of the labral cartilage frequently accompanies this condition, a repair of the labrum is also commonly done. Hip arthroscopic surgery is highly successful in relieving pain and allowing patients—even athletes—to more quickly resume activities that previously had been too painful for them.


WW1 Highland Light Infantry Attributed Officer’s Doublet.
A scarce 1917 pattern shoulder rank doublet tunic attributed to Major James Reid People. The doublet is tailored in Bedford cord (usually for trench use) by J Christie & Son of Edinburgh, the interior with tailors label with ink name. Complete with regimental collar badges, buttons and Major rank crowns. The left breast with medal ribbons indicating a 1914 Mons Star Trio with a Mention in Despatch. Also tailored wth the Great War feature of a false waistband and able to be buttoned with the collar up. often referred as a anti gas precaution. Condition near VGC.
Approx armpit to armpit 19 inches
Major James Reid Peploe studied at Cheltham College. He was granted a commission and at the outbreak of the Great War was serving with the 6th Gurkha Rifles. He landed in France on the 8th November 1914. In 1916 he transferred to the Highland Light Infantry with the rank of Captain. A photographic portrait is housed in the National Portrait Gallery and a digital image is shown, serving with the Gurkha’s.
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I left Lima at 3 AM bus to reach Paracas. I already had reservation with an agency but they did not turn up. Luckily there was another company who were conducting boat trip for a group. So I spoke to them and they happily agreed.
The boat trip from Paracas to Islas Ballestas is 24 kilometers and it took us about 30 minutes to get there. On our way we saw Paracas Candelabra, a geoglyph that sits on a hill overlooking the water. The Paracas Candelabra is 180 meters tall and it can be seen from a distance of up to 12 miles out at sea. The design is carved 2 feet into the ground, and it has been around for over 2000 years. The symbol is a mystery , nobody knows for sure its purpose or origin. One common theory is this was used as marker for ships. Some theory even suggests extraterrestrial influence.
We saw lot of wildlife . Boats are not allowed to disembark tourists which means wildlife can only be observed from a distance. We saw some Humboldt Penguins. These penguins are native to Peru and breeds in a hot Mediterranean or desert climate. There were birds everywhere,
We spotted pelicans, bright red sea stars, boobies. We also saw sea lions and red sea crabs. Male sea lions were just basking in the sun. Females (darker in color) and babies were playing in water. This islands were full of birds . It was nesting season and there was not even an bare patch of rock.
Guano , bird dropping are very are valuable as fertilizes due to their extremely high nitrogen content. There are special structures in these islands to collect this substance. In eighteenth century before artificial extraction of nitrate started “Guano export” was a major contributor to the economy of Peru. Licences are still issued to commercially collect Guano from these islands.


Prof. Claire Buck’s work on women and poetry of the First World War
I am currently writing a book on British First World War literature, and in the last year I have published two articles on women and war poetry. “First World War English Elegy and the Disavowal of Women’s Sentimental Poetics,” appeared in English Literature in Transition (1880-1920), 53:4, 2010: 431-450. The idea for this article came to me in the library one day when I was reading the Times Literary Supplement for 1916 and 1917. Contributors were talking about whether poets could write good poetry about war, and arguing that only soldier poets could do so without being jingoists. Then I noticed “From a Trench,” a poem printed in the correspondence section. It was published anonymously, but I had already read it in a collection of women’s First World War poetry and knew it to be by Maud Bell. What caught my attention was that the poem’s speaker is a soldier in the trenches asking if England is really worth dying for considering the mindless and murderous jingoism of civilians. Did readers assume that this anonymous poem was by a soldier? Apparently, since another woman replied three weeks later with a poem arguing that civilians understood and suffered with the soldiers in the trenches. But did the editors of the paper know that it was by a woman? Why did they publish it anonymously?“ This discovery led me to explore the relationship between the iconic First World War figure of the soldier poet and women’s war elegies. After writing this article it was easy to say yes when the editor of the Cambridge Companion to Twentieth Century British and Irish Women’s Poetry (2011) invited me to write “Reframing Women’s War Poetry,” and essay about the ways in which women poets have reworked traditional assumptions about gender and war poetry in the twentieth century.


Perfect late summer weather, and coffee too!
A unique experiment at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory called the Holometer has started collecting data that will answer some mind-bending questions about our universe — including whether we live in a hologram.
Much like characters on a television show would not know that their seemingly 3-D world exists only on a 2-D screen, we could be clueless that our 3-D space is just an illusion. The information about everything in our universe could actually be encoded in tiny packets in two dimensions.
Oh but wait a minute. The characters (I take the author of this piece to mean “actors”) do live, and play their parts, in a 3-D world. The only thing they don’t “know” (from their perspective as such*) is that it is transmitted (usually) in a 2-D format. To 3-D people. So not sure if analogy works, but anyway …
Essentially, the experiment probes the limits of the universe’s ability to store information. If there is a set number of bits that tell you where something is, it eventually becomes impossible to find more specific information about the location — even in principle. The instrument testing these limits is Fermilab’s Holometer, or holographic interferometer, the most sensitive device ever created to measure the quantum jitter of space itself.
If the general thesis is accepted, would it provide support for the Law of Conservation of Information, which William Dembski uses in his new book Being as Communion? That said, here’s a prediction: Next summer will bring forth a new bright idea. It’s not always clear how seriously people intend these ideas to be taken.
To get some idea what a real 2-D universe would actually be like, see a short 19th century book, online, Flatland (1885). The 1-D universe is addressed there also.
See also: In search of a road to reality
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Note: Of course they know it, but not from their perspective in the studio – until they check the monitor. Even then, they don’t know if the screen in your living room is also 2-D.


The principle of floor heating
Floor heating actually uses the ground as a radiator, and then uses the radiant layer of the floor as a heat medium, so that the space floor can be fully and evenly heated. Through the effect of floor heating radiating upward, heating is carried out from bottom to top, so as to satisfy the heating of users. If it is a low temperature ground, it will form a gradually decreasing heat transfer to the ground, giving the user a feeling of warm feet and cool feet. This heating method is in line with the fitness concept advocated by traditional Chinese medicine, and is also recognized as a comfortable heating method.
Is the floor warm?
1. Floor heating is a method of uniformly heating the floor by means of low-temperature radiation, so that the floor temperature of the indoor space is suitable, and the heat decreases from bottom to top, making people feel comfortable. Because no heat is generated, the indoor air is fresh and clean. In addition, it has outstanding effects on children and the elderly, making people’s blood circulation smoother and promoting metabolism to a certain extent.
2. The heat generated by the heating method used by floor heating is relatively high, but at a temperature beneficial to the human body, the heat loss during the heating process is effectively reduced. In addition, users can also carry out humanized control according to the actual heating demand. Each heating space has a separate control switch to adjust the heating temperature of each space individually, which has outstanding performance in energy utilization.
3. The use of floor heating has better performance in environmental protection, completely solves the worrying environmental pollution problem, avoids the traditional heating method of boiler heating, effectively saves energy, and makes the air fresher. In terms of regional management, it also greatly eases the trouble of the property staff to charge on time every month and reduces the workload.
4. The installation of floor heating is generally installed on the ground. It is a hidden project like a hydroelectric project. After this kind of project is installed, it does not take up too much space, making the space decoration effect more beautiful. In addition, floor heating mostly uses high-quality materials, so it has outstanding performance in all aspects, prolongs the service life, and has no external damage. As long as the building can be used, it can effectively reduce maintenance costs.


“Opinionated”: vocabulary meaning.
- A person who is opinionated has an opinion about something and doesn’t want to change it under any circumstances. Sometimes this opinion might be wrong and other people might try to make the person change her mind but they can’t. An opinionated person thinks he/she is right and doesn’t even want to consider other people’s opinions.
Other examples of “opinionated” vocabulary in a sentence
- He is opinionated and it is hard to make him change his mind.
- Don’t be opinionated. You’re just a child.
- I don’t like opinionated people, it’s difficult to have a conversation with them.
“Opinionated”: use in context explanation
The woman and her husband are having a walk. Suddenly, they come across an unusual couple. The couple are holding each other and look like they care for each other. The only strange thing is a significant age gap between them. The man looks much older than the girl, who is probably in her twenties. The woman is skeptical. She doesn’t believe they truly love each other. She is convinced the man must be very rich and the girl is with him only for his money and is not being truthful and honest. The man, on the other hand, doesn’t see anything wrong or strange and thinks his wife is opinionated. He thinks she shouldn’t judge the book by its cover and should be more open-minded.


Susan Kaspari secures funding from the Washington State Water Resources Center, the USGS and the NSF
Response of River Runoff to Black Carbon in Snow and Ice in Washington State is a project funded by the Washington State Water Resources Center and the United States Geological Survey.
Susan and her students will be collecting snow and ice core samples from glaciers and the seasonal snow pack in the North Cascades, Olympics, and Mt. Rainier, and measuring the amount of black carbon in the snow and ice. Black carbon is an absorptive particle produced by incomplete combustion of fossil and bio-fuels. When black carbon is deposited on snow and ice surfaces, it can darken the surface and potentially accelerate melt. The goals of this study is to begin to characterize black carbon in the Washington snowpack, and determine if substantial black carbon is present to be affecting melt. This grant will support Ian Delaney's MS research.
Susan also received funding from the National Science Foundation for acquisition of a portable ice core drill. This lightweight drill (20 kg) will enable Susan to collect shallow (20 m) ice cores for climate studies that focus on recent changes to glaciers and the chemistry of the atmosphere, and for reconnaissance studies that will identify potential deep ice core drilling sites. The drill is manufactured in Switzerland (http://www.icedrill.ch). Susan will be returning to Switzerland in March to receive training in its operation.


The Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model, is a conceptual framework that defines the layers that computer systems use to communicate over a network. In other words, the 7 Layer OSI model characterizes computing functions into a universal set of rules and requirements to support interoperability between different products and software. There are seven layers within the OSI model, each of which has a specific functionality to perform. Together, the layers work collaboratively to transmit the data from one person to another across the globe. It is crucial to raise awareness about why Layer 1 of the OSI model needs to be addressed.
Below is an overview of the seven layers and their individual functions.
The Physical Layer – An Explanation
The Physical Layer (L1) is the lowest layer of the OSI model and provides hardware security. This layer is responsible for the actual physical connection between the devices by identifying the equipment involved in the data transfer. Layer 1 defines the hardware equipment, cabling, wiring, frequencies and pulses. The information is contained in the form of bits and transmitted from one node to another.
The problem is that hardware security goes neglected; existing security software solutions do not cover the Physical Layer of the OSI model (Layer 1). Without Layer 1 visibility, the physical specifications of the network are not captured. Hence, network implants – Rogue Devices which operate on the Physical Layer – are not detected. Similarly, spoofed peripherals – Rogue Device manipulated on the Physical Layer – are identified as legitimate HIDs.
Without Layer 1 visibility, enterprises are at risk of Rogue Devices infiltrating their network and conducting harmful attacks. As Layer 1 is the first of the OSI layers, it is crucial to have adequate physical level security protection at this level to stop the attacks originating from Rogue Devices at the very first instant; before being carried out.


When things in nature grow and their size and quantity is plotted on a chart, they tend to exhibit what is called the normal distribution curve or a bell shaped curve. This growth pattern, as seen in most natural objects such as, plants, animals and humans, shows the medium size will always be the dominant size, while quantity of the small and big size are much less, creating the bell curve.
In the novel, The Medicine Box, I described a professor experimenting using qi to enhance mushroom growth. The results created a crop that had a mixture of very giant sized and very tiny sized mushrooms, with only a small number of middle sized mushrooms. If we chart the crop results, it creates the normal bell curve flipped upside down, looking more like the letter ‘U’, an inverse bell curve, which is the total opposite from what is exhibited in nature. Why does this happen? It’s a mystery.
In 2008, the Chinese Shenzhou space craft carried 87 kinds of vegetable seeds into space. Recently, many vegetables grown from those seeds have come to maturity and their fruit has been harvested. All exhibit a very interesting result.
In the crop of eggplants grown from the seeds brought back from space, there were some the size as big as a honey dew melon! What also caught my attention was the fact that on the other hand, some eggplant were as small as an egg, with very few medium sized. This phenomenon is exactly the same as the mushrooms that were treated by qi projection. Similarly, both exhibit the upside-down bell curve, opposite to what is seen of vegetables grown in nature. Is there a common factor or influence from qi-treatment and space-treatment to these plants? If so, what is it? This could be a very interesting subject for researchers to study.


[Pointer Access Operators]
Referencing is one of the features specifically for use with pointers. The ampersand operator
& is used for this purpose. If
x is a variable, then
&x represents the address of the variable
int *p; // declare a pointer to an int data type int i = 5; int result = 0; p = &i; // now 'p' contains the address of 'i' result = *p; // 'result' gets the value at the address pointed by 'p' // i.e., it gets the value of 'i' which is 5
Pointers are one of the complicated subjects for beginners in learning C, and it is possible to write the vast majority of Arduino sketches without ever encountering pointers. However for manipulating certain data structures, the use of pointers can simplify the code, and knowledge of manipulating pointers is handy to have in one’s toolkit.
- [Definition] Pointers
Language Reference Home
The text of the 86Duino reference is a modification of the Arduino reference and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Code samples in the reference are released into the public domain.


Energising Our Waste
Preventing waste is the best thing we can do. When this is not possible, reducing, reusing and recycling are the next best options. But even after that, we are still left with residual waste, which can often be polluted or simply not good enough to recycle.
The average family in the European Union produces around 10kg of residual waste every week, contributing to a total of 2.5 million tonnes of unrecyclable waste across Europe every seven days. That’s a lot of waste: enough to fill a large football stadium every week.
Addressing climate change and the sustainable management of ever increasing amounts of waste are important global challenges, as recognised by both the Paris Agreement and the EU Circular Economy Action Plan.
Thankfully, we can still recover some value from this waste. Even better, we can do this in a way that gives us things we need while also reducing negative environmental impacts.
Energy recovery from non-recyclable waste – known as Waste-to-Energy (WtE) – could play a significant part in the EU’s ambition to be a “zero avoidable waste” economy and meet the targets of the EU Landfill Directive, diverting biodegradable municipal waste from landfill while contributing to renewable energy generation.


Bridging the literacy gap for children from low income settings through individual tutoring provided by trained, caring adults.
Why Making Sense of Language Arts?
"Thank you for the great work you do with our students and the support you have given the school, staff and me." -Dr. Russo, Principal of Winton Place/Winton Hills Academies for 17 years.
For over twenty years we have taught hundreds of children to read, write and comprehend. All of the children who enter the program begin with below average language arts skills. Each year, 80-100% of the children have left the program with average or better language arts skills. The improvement in expressive ability and letter and word skills is significant, to very significant! Because literacy skills are often a determining factor in school and career success we change their outcomes for a lifetime.
Economics of Human Potential
Investing in quality early learning programs is the most efficient way to affect school and life success and to reduce social expenditures later, according to research by Prof. James Heckman, a Nobel laureate in economics from the University of Chicago. Returns are greatest for the most at-risk children. For that population in particular, quality early learning programs can result in reduced costs later on special education, remedial classes, and even incarceration. Heckman's research also shows early interventions for disadvantaged children "raise the quality of the workforce, enhance the productivity of schools and reduce crime, teenage pregnancy, and welfare dependency. They raise earnings and promote social attachment." Heckman contends, "The real question is how to use available funds wisely. The best evidence supports the policy prescription: Invest in the very young."
--Assessment: pre and post testing of all incoming kindergartners
--Training: volunteers & paraprofessionals are trained in multi-sensory techniques that "rewire" the brain
--Curriculum: easy to use lesson plans and support material to guide successful tutoring sessions
--Tutors: compassionate, sensible adults, mostly age 50+ who care about children and their success.
--Results: each of our 20+ years of 24+ sessions per year we have seen 80-100% of the children improve
Bridging the Literacy Gap-Building Bridges Out of Poverty-Bridging Generations


We are Golden and we SPARKLE
In this lesson, we will learn what an electrical conductor and an electrical insulator are. We will conduct an investigation to see which materials are insulators and which are conductors. Finally, we will draw conclusions about the best material to make certain objects from, based on what we have learnt. You will need a piece of paper, a pencil and a ruler.
PHSE- Community Care https://classroom.thenational.academy/lessons/community-care-cctp8c
In today’s lesson, you will understand what a community is, explore the different types of communities (place, interest, action and practice) and consider the benefits of being a part of one.
Geography- What is the geography of Scotland?
In this lesson, we will recap our knowledge of the seven continents, and locate the UK on a world map. We will then zoom into Scotland and look at the different human and physical geographical features. We can then compare these to the area where we live.
DT- Box model of a gas mask holder
Picture News- Virtual assembly- www.picture-news.co.uk/discuss
French- les vetements - clothes
In this lesson, we will learn the French words for items of clothing, we will look at describing the colours of clothing and also revise adjectival agreement of masculine, feminine and plural nouns.


I use substitution when I notice that in one of the equations one of the variables has a coefficient of 1
Then solve for that single variable
e.g. in #2
-7x + y = 57 ,
y = 7x + 57
now sub that into the other equation
6x + 4y = -10
6x + 4(7x+57) = 10
6x + 28x + 225 = 10
34x = - 218
x = -218/34 = - 109/17
then y = 7(-109/17) + 57
y = 206/17
do the other two the same way
Okay but the homework is saying the answer is (-7,8) so how would they have gotten that from the equation you did above?
I made a transcript error.
After 6x + 4(7x+57) = 10 it should have been
6x + 28x + 228 = -10
I had 2 errors in copying that line, sorry about that
Now i works out
Okay so what about number one it is a + and the a - for the second problem how do you figure a subtitution problem like that? do the signs make a difference?
For number 3 I got (6.7,51.8) is this correct?


After Maria: Everyday recovery from disaster
A graphic novella, produced by Dr Gemma Sou from our Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, explores how low-income Puerto Rican families recovered from the impacts of Hurricane Maria.
On 20 September 2017, the ‘biggest storm in Caribbean history’ Hurricane Maria struck the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico causing over US$30 billion in damage. But what happened after the storm passed? How did the people recover and what were the long-term and hidden impacts?
For one year, Dr Gemma Sou and Dr Felix Aponte-Gonzalez conducted ethnographic research, following 16 low-income Puerto Rican families to find out how they recovered from Maria. Gemma turned this research into a 20-page graphic novella, free to download in English and in Spanish. Although the graphic novella tells the story of a fictional family, After Maria is based on the experiences that tie together all of the Puerto Rican families Gemma spoke to.
The novella is a creative way to communicate our research and reach different audiences. It also illustrates theories related to gender, inequality, resilience, poverty, disasters, cities and vulnerabilities and can be used as a teaching resource for anyone who wishes to use it.
Visit the HCRI webpages to read the novella in both English and Spanish and to see further information and videos.