Skip to 0 minutes and 9 seconds Discover Dentistry from The University of Sheffield is a unique and exciting opportunity to learn about something we all have experience of, but often know little about - our mouth and our teeth. Modern dentistry is a fascinating mix of the scientific and the artistic, but as we’ll learn, things started with something as simple as a stick for a toothbrush.
Skip to 0 minutes and 32 seconds I’m Chris Stokes, and on this course, we’ll explore dentistry from the past and look into the future. You’ll see dentistry in practise, talk to world-leading experts and work together to build a worldwide perspective on oral healthcare.
Skip to 0 minutes and 48 seconds We’ll even do some experiments in our kitchens.
Skip to 0 minutes and 52 seconds Have you ever wondered what the numbers mean that a dentist calls out during your dental check up? We’ll slow down the process and examine it step-by-step. We’ll also uncover what dentures have got to do with the Battle of Waterloo, how you can brush like a pro, and what makes it more likely that you’re going to have bad teeth.
Skip to 1 minute and 12 seconds We’ll explore and dispel some common myths and urban legends, and we’ll discuss the perception of dentists in our society. Is it just me, or do dentists in the movies always seem to be the baddies?
Skip to 1 minute and 26 seconds By the end of this course, you’ll understand the impact dentistry has on health and be able to relate it to your own real life experiences. You will know the reasons for the different dental specialties, and have a real sense of the ethical issues surrounding dental treatment. You’ll also be able to discuss and debate these issues with your fellow learners and experts throughout the course.
Skip to 1 minute and 51 seconds If you are considering studying dentistry, this course will be a great head start and an introduction to the basics. Or if you just want to learn more about this often entertaining and frequently mysterious subject, join us, and discover dentistry.


give a detailed description of an object, or a list or set of objects
geometric object or list or set of geometric objects
The routine gives a detailed description of an object, or a list or set of objects
For each geometric object supported by the package, the name and the form of the object are printed out. Besides that information additional information is also printed out depending on the form of the object.
The command with(geometry,detail) allows the use of the abbreviated form of this command.
name of the objectAform of the objectpoint2dcoordinates of the point5−313,34
name of the objectcform of the objectcircle2dname of the centercenter_ccoordinates of the center2,0radius of the circle1equation of the circlex2−22x+y2+1=0
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Scientists pinpoint areas in boreal forests that offer refuge to plants and animals as climate gets warmer and drier
By University of Alberta
North America’s boreal forests are warming and drying from climate change, but they still hold places that can offer refuge for plants and animals, according to University of Alberta scientists who have taken the lead in creating a guide to identify those areas.
The information about these sheltered places known as climate-change refugia—including large lakes, shaded slopes and ancient peatlands—can be used by regional experts to create detailed maps and management plans for conserving northern forested areas, said biologist Diana Stralberg, who led the study published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.
“Our framework can serve as a road map for conservation and land-use planning, and represents a tool to manage biodiversity more efficiently in a changing and uncertain world,” said Stralberg.
“We are trying to find those areas where things are changing a bit more slowly and where plants and animals have more opportunity to survive, whether they are already living there or could shift into those areas.”
Read more here: https://www.folio.ca/scientists-pinpoint-areas-in-boreal-forests-that-offer-refuge-to-plants-and-animals-as-climate-gets-warmer-and-drier/
Read more in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment: https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fee.2188


The Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge in Oklahoma has recently adopted the use of propane cannons in their open fields to prevent wild hogs from causing harm to crops during the establishment period. This is an important strategy that aims to safeguard crop growth and mitigate losses caused by hog damage.
During my recent visit to the refuge, I heard the propane cannon going off and witnessed its effect on the surrounding wildlife. While I was able to take pictures of birds, the loud noise made deer and coyote skittish, and it was difficult to get a clear shot of them.
Although I am looking forward to visiting the refuge again during the spring, which is typically the most productive time for wildlife photography, it is crucial to address the issue of wild hogs. I have personally witnessed the destruction they can cause to crops, and the propane cannon is an essential tool in tackling this problem.
Propane cannons work by emitting a loud noise that startles and scares the hogs away from the area. This non-lethal approach to wildlife population control has gained popularity in recent years due to its effectiveness and humane nature. Furthermore, propane cannons are relatively easy to use and can cover a large area, making them a cost-effective option for farmers and wildlife refuges alike.
Although the use of propane cannons may have a temporary impact on wildlife behavior, it is important to bear in mind that their primary objective is to promote healthy crop growth and safeguard the ecosystem from harmful animals. Therefore, it is crucial to strike a balance between wildlife management and preservation. As a photographer, I will continue to visit the refuge but understand that some visits may be affected by the use of propane cannons.


Organizing to ease stress levels can be done in ways that are thoughtful to the environment. Here are some organization ideas for the eco-friendly minded:
Reduce: Always think before you buy; the less stuff you have, the less you have to organize. Don’t make a purchase unless you really need it.
Reuse: Think in terms of if you can’t use something, can someone else? Donate anything that might be of assistance to others. Always of help, check out freecycle.org to find a facility near you to donate specific items. Also check out throwplace.com – it is the internet’s alternative landfill, and they donate their goods to nonprofit organizations.
Repair: So many of us are quick to replace an item when it breaks. Checking to see if an item can be repaired before you replace it helps lessen your carbon footprint at many steps in the manufacturing cycle.
Repurpose: A new craze of up-cycling, try looking at an item in new light… mix match dishes can be used to hold jewelry with small pieces; or a wine case that has dividers is great for storing ornaments.
Recycle: Before you begin your organization process, know your recyclable guidelines; what can be recycled and where can you take recyclables? Check out recyclebank.com for recycling info – they offer incentives for recycling!
Rethink: As you are going through your items, think about why you bought something, how you used it and if you really needed it.
Other helpful tips:
- Think quality items over quantity.
- Clean with non-toxic cleaners to eliminate VOC emissions.
- Remove your name from junk mail lists
- Enroll in E-Bills to eliminate paper waste from statements each month
- Remember that organized space is more easily cleaned space!
- Recycle all paper items!
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Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is caused by bacterium Rickettsia rickettsia. It is spread to people through the bite of an infected American Dog Tick (Dermacentor variabilis). RMSF is a rare disease in Connecticut. Because RMSF can result in severe illness, treatment should be started as soon as possible to prevent complications. There are several other rickettsia bacteria that can cause disease in humans, together known as Spotted Fever Rickettsioses (SFR), but these are not spread Connecticut. The best way to prevent RMSF is to prevent tick bites.
About Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Information for Clinicians
Clinical Guidance (CDC)
National Surveillance Case Definition
Connecticut Provider Reporting Information
Connecticut Laboratory Reporting Information
Directory of Clinical Testing Services provided by the State Public Health Laboratory
State Public Health Laboratory Contacts – for additional information
RMSF Training Module: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment for Healthcare Providers (CE)
Tick-borne Diseases of the United States – a Reference Manual for Healthcare Providers
Connecticut Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis Surveillance
In Connecticut, the first case of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) was reported in 1965. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began national surveillance for RMSF in the 1920’s. In 2010, CDC combined cases of RMSF with other rickettsia diseases under a category called Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis (SFR). RMSF is included in the SFR category for national statistics. The Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) has maintained surveillance for RMSF for over three decades. DPH uses the CDC surveillance case definition for RMSF, which was first established in 1990. RMSF is rare in Connecticut, and since 1990, an average of 2 RMSF cases (range 0 to 25) have been reported to the DPH annually. From 2009-2018, there have been no reported confirmed cases of RMSF; however, on average, there were 8 probable cases reported annually to the DPH.
Connecticut Annual Infectious Diseases Statistics
This page last updated 9/9/2022.


He achieved a lot in life for example: discovering an island which is now called Jamaica and setting up a colony called Hispaniola, discovering South America and opening up a pathway between the “old world” (Portugal, Spain, Italy etc.) and the Newfoundland (America) therefore altering life evermore right across the Atlantic.
Columbus failed at a lot of his objectives in life such as he never actually discovered a new route to the East; he was cruel to a lot of Native American Indians, with slavery, warfare, and inhumane acts Columbus was eventually forced out of America by the Indians. Jamaicans in Hispaniola (A Colony created by Columbus) were starting to rebel as they had a shortage of food. This was reported back to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, who ruled over Spain at the time, they then ordered that Christopher be arrested and brought back to Spain immediately.
Columbus died aged fifty-five sad, miserable and lonely as his wife died shortly after his son was born. Columbus believed he had failed in life as he never reached his objective to travel west and arrive in the east.
Columbus succeeded at a lot in his life time (for the times in which he lived). He travelled the world on ships fraught with danger and re-discovered America a land which is now one of the worlds most inhabited spots. America’s permanent population is now around 307,006,550. Christopher Columbus’ battles against the seas came to an end when he was brutally murdered along with forty other men in a fight involving the natives of the new


Grow confidence in thermal management with thermal simulations before production
Reliability prediction relates failure rates of electronic assemblies to the temperature change over an operational cycle and the rate of temperature change. Since component temperature is closely related to predicted reliability, accurate prediction of component temperatures helps thermal designers achieve reliability, performance, and operational success goals.
How thermal simulations can impact your electronics thermal design
Thermal simulations created early in the electronics thermal design process enable companies to address component reliability as early as possible in product development. Using a digital twin from the early ideation phase allows design performance assessment and increases digital twin fidelity throughout development up to verification of the final design.
By shifting the performance assessment earlier in the design process, teams can design products for performance and reliability versus available engineering resources. Learn more about predicting component temperatures in this whitepaper.
Component temperature predictions across electronics thermal design
Engineers can assess component temperature predictions throughout electronics thermal design as new iterations of products become available. Reliable, accurate component temperature prediction allows designers to understand how close the design values come to the maximum allowable temperature. Engineering teams gain increased confidence in the final simulation results with consistently updated design information.
How to increase confidence in thermal simulations results
Accurate component temperature is essential for designers to increase confidence in thermal simulations. To accurately predict a component's temperature, the component should be modeled explicitly as a part of the thermal simulation. Not all components need to be modeled, and designers can consider small components with low power density that are not particularly thermally sensitive as thermally benign. Large components like electrolytic capacitors may disrupt airflow, requiring designers to represent them as 3D objects.
How electronics thermal design software can help with your application
Electronics thermal designs software opens the door to creating digital twins and accurate component temperature simulations. Simcenter provides accurate multi-discipline and multi-physics simulation software tools alongside robust test solutions to support the creation of a virtual digital twin from early-stage ideation, with increasing fidelity throughout development to final verified design.


Composing an essay isn’t a complicated task once you learn the structure well. Within this part of the short article, we will provide you with some hints for writing an outstanding reflective essay. The goal of composing this sort of composition would be to inquire and investigate. Or when you’re simply creating a written report and on the watch for tips. Article composing doesn’t actually have to be challenging. So, basically, it’sn’t challenging to write an essay. For anyone who is composing an academic article. Utilize this entire composition construction to generate a detailed outline on your own documents. The moment you have simplified your Subject, you are heading to need to create an objective to your own article. Concentrating on a special subject causes it to be less troublesome that you just write an essay.
This inspires customers to trust you and increases your popularity..
An essay isn’t about fiction, is about the truth. For some thing to become a very good persuasive essay topic, it should be an controversial issue. Also if composing an composition based upon personal experience, it really is good if you’re able to backup your own opinions with details. papers written for you Just in case you might be going to compose an interesting, exceptional essay, you’ll have to complete investigation. First factor you must execute will be to consider what you’re going to execute in your essay. The judgment is to invigorate your composition within the audience’s thoughts.


Art in the Wild Woods Monday March 20, AM & PM
With the drastic weather change from 9am -3pm, there were a variety of art activities throughout the day. Since it was very chilly in the morning, we started a fire and created a few more rainbow crayons. Using hammers, the children smashed the crayons into smaller pieces then placed them in a muffin tin. Some children also worked with the hammers to create art using hammers, nails and rubber bands.
Once it warmed up a bit, we brought out the paint. No brushes today! We painted using pine cones. To promote color mixing, we had three trays with 2 primary colors and white. The children were amazed to see the different shades they were able to create. (The morning paintings were still very wet so I will bring them back next week to pass out.)
We also continued the flower blossom branches that some children created last week. First they each collected a stick from the wild woods. Next they chose from using tissue paper cut into flower shapes, or the coffee filters we painted in the rain a few weeks ago. They folded and crumbled them into flower shapes and then hot glued them onto the branches. The children also used the paint makers to add details to the branches and flowers. Louisa discovered that the tissue paper looked like a butterfly shape. She created a butterfly by attaching a stick, head and antenna. A few children were interested, so she was able to show them how to create one of their own.


The previous section has shown that neither line-voltage nor low-voltage technology is better in general. But depending on the situation, one or the other variant is recommended.
When converting existing installations to LEDs, it is recommended that the previously used voltage variant is retained. The advantage is that you can continue to use the cabling. Only the lamps or spotlights need to be replaced. For low voltage installations, the transformer may also need to be replaced with an LED power supply to avoid problems such as flickering or flashing.
Keep high or low voltage variant with existing electrical installation
DC or AC voltage
Some low voltage LED lamps require 12V DC voltage, others require 12V AC voltage. Most of the LED lamps have an integrated rectifier and can be operated with both DC and AC voltage. Please note that when operating with 12V AC, additional rectifier losses will occur. A power supply with 12V DC is preferable.
Choose AC/DC transformer according to your LED lights
LED spots and recessed lights
With LED recessed lights and ceiling spots, the decision for line-voltage or low-voltage technology is the most difficult. For safety reasons, some electricians recommend LED recessed spotlights in low-voltage technology for wet rooms such as bathrooms. The transformer should then also be installed outside the room. Low-voltage spotlights are expected to have a longer lifespan due to their lower power dissipation.
Choose low-voltage spots for wet rooms
If many spotlights with high luminous power should be installed to illuminate larger rooms, the line-voltage version is more recommended. In contrast to the 12V version, the line losses are not significant with mains supply.
Choose line-voltage spots for long cable path
And about the LED lightings for commercial refrigerator or freezer, the line-voltage type is still in common use, but low-voltage type is gradually becoming a trend.


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Lesson X. Sin and the Law
|Title||Lesson X. Sin and the Law|
|Publication Type||Magazine Article|
|Year of Publication||1913|
|Secondary Authors||Kimball, Mary Connelly|
|Magazine||The Young Woman's Journal|
|Date Published||November 1913|
|Keywords||Alma the Younger; Atonement; Fall of Adam; Gideon (Polity); Law of Moses; Native Americans; Original Sin; Sin; Unpardonable Sin|
Introduction—Man prone to do evil—The testimony of David—Nations, families, individuals—Not only Satan, but God also, desires man—Provisions for remission of sin—Some Indian customs—The address of Alma to the people of Gideon— Admonishings against sin—Instructions to the ministers—The earthly origin of sin—The fallen angel—The word of Helaman—The original sin atoned for—The chief concern—The law of Moses—The gospel—The very appearance of evil denounced—The words of the prophets—Some offenses named — No sin where there is no law—The unpardonable sin—How gospel ceremonies came to the Indians—A memory gem.
Items in the BMC Archive are made publicly available for non-commercial, private use. Inclusion within the BMC Archive does not imply endorsement. Items do not represent the official views of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or of Book of Mormon Central.
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Everything is about innovation in the 21st century. Throughout daily life, with an increasing call for innovation, people are susceptible to bringing in new technologies. From the use of a controller to controlling devices to using voice records to send orders; advanced technology has made room in everyone's regular lives. Technologies such as A.I and IoT have gained momentum over the past decade and there is now a new addition to the category, Blockchain Technology.
Blockchain, with its very first modern Bitcoin application, is a disruptive technology that has strongly influenced different industries, enabling them to leverage the power within their ecosystem to do things faster and reduce costs and complexity considerably. Several multi-domain companies look for new and innovative ways to utilize this technology to make it more efficient, secure and accurate. For this new decentralized technology to flourish and accelerate its development, therefore, it becomes absolutely necessary for developers to collaborate and learn through a multidisciplinary approach.
While blockchain infrastructure and use-cases are maturing, and the start-up ecosystem is growing rapidly, the deployment of production-ready networks is still relatively sparse. There are several technical challenges with blockchain like startups to have a collaborative approach and interoperability that can be an integral part of it, and the ability to overcome these may determine the extent of its deployment over the coming years. Perhaps enhancing that learning curve, that's when real-world solutions can introduce checks building on these disruptive trends, by potentially making them more collaborative and interoperable.
submitted by /u/ExtensionQuail


Aotearoa New Zealand, b.1939, d.1990
Captain Ahab, peg-legged hunter of the white whale
- Oil on canvas board
- Presented to the Gallery by Peter Wells, 1984
- 365 x 255mm
Location: Monica Richards Gallery
Tags: backs (object portions), hats, hills, men (male humans), people (agents), portraits, seamen
In Herman Melville’s famous 1851 novel Moby Dick, the troubled captain of a whaling ship becomes so obsessed with the whale that crushed his leg he spends all his time on deck, desperate to catch a glimpse, or even the scent, of his quarry. Ahab dominates our view in this brooding painting by Tony Fomison, bracing his whalebone leg against the ocean’s swell. Every line of Ahab’s body is focussed on the sea, but Moby Dick, the object of his “quenchless feud”, and the ultimate cause of his downfall, is nowhere to be seen.
(Absence, May 2023)
Tony Fomison once described his own paintings as “brutal and lonely.” His study of Herman Melville’s Captain Ahab from Moby-Dick owns something of these qualities. The brooding Ahab, his outlook fixed on the depths below and beyond, thinks of nothing but revenge on the White Whale, the great monster that crushed his leg, leaving him with a humiliating whalebone substitute.
Melville’s epic novel was published in 1851. By then whale populations were depleted and whaling activity off New Zealand shores was nearing its end. Fomison was mindful of whaling as a central aspect of our local history, including through his youthful experience of working as an archaeologist on Banks Peninsula. It is possible to connect his unwavering whaling captain with the earliest Europeans to settle in the South Island, many of whom married local Ngāi Tahu women. Fomison’s Ahab seems to represent a proxy collective ancestor.
(Kā Honoka, 18 December 2015 – 28 August 2016)


In many states, nighttime restrictions for young drivers begin too late to have the greatest impact on fatal crash rates, according to a new study.
Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said restrictions that begin at midnight or later “provide minimal protection” as teens rarely are behind the wheel during this time.
The report “Graduated Driver Licensing Night Driving Restrictions and Drivers Aged 16 or 17 Years Involved in Fatal Night Crashes – United States, 2009-2014” was published today in the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
As part of their graduated driver licensing programs, all states except Vermont have restrictions on night driving for teens, according to the report.
“The increased risk is attributed in part to teens’ inexperience with driving in the dark and high-risk behaviors, such as speeding, driving after drinking alcohol, and carrying teen passengers,” the authors wrote.
Analyzing crash data, they found that during the study period, roughly 31% of the 6,104 fatal crashes involving 16- and 17-year-old drivers occurred at night. Of those, 57% occurred before midnight. However, in 23 states and Washington, D.C., driving restrictions don’t begin until midnight or later.
The authors suggested that states consider starting nighttime driving restrictions earlier and that authorities better enforce seat belt and drinking laws.
“The study results illustrate the importance of each state examining and balancing the unique needs for both mobility and safety of their teen population, particularly related to nighttime travel,” they wrote.


The Smthsonian’s 3D Digitization Program has been working to digitize the Apollo 11 Command Module “Columbia” that is currently on display at the National Air and Space museum.
“Columbia” was the living quarters for the three-person crew during most of the first manned lunar landing mission in July 1969. Scanning this module in 3D is a highly complex challenge that does not lend itself to any single 3D capture technology. Without touching the artifact, and certainly without getting inside, we are trying to document nearly every surface at the highest possible quality. For this we have enlisted the help of the Autodesk Reality Capture team. Creating terabytes of data using laser scanners, photogrammetry and structured light is one thing, but compositing this data into a single model is the larger task. Despite the enormity of this undertaking, it gives Autodesk an opportunity to grapple with a data-set that won’t be so uncommon in the future. As a result the Smithsonian gets to offer the public what will be one of the most compelling 3D visualizations of an artifact ever created. The 3D model of Columbia will be available on the 3D Program’s website 3d.si.edu in summer 2016. Users will be able to interact with it, download the model and print it with a 3D printer. The interactive model will also be featured in an upcoming exhibition on the lunar missions opening in 2020.


Hana Rashid D.D.S.
How do we know if you need a Sealant or a Filling?
We used the DIAGNOdent!
The DIAGNODENT uses laser fluorescence to help with early detection of decay that allows for minimally invasive dentistry and possible fillings without anesthesia. Clean and healthy tooth structure will have minimal or no fluorescence. The amount of fluorescence will yield a number and the higher the number, the deeper the cavity.
0-10 healthy tooth structure, patient is a great candidate for sealants
11-20 early enamel decay
21-30 deep enamel decay
30+ dentin decay
Helps detect "iceberg" cavities before they infect the nerve. Like an iceberg that is bigger underwater, Iceberg cavities start with a small hole on the top of the tooth and grow rapidly underneath. Sometimes they are hard to see on an x-ray. The picture below shows a tooth before the cavity is opened and shortly after showing how deep the cavity became:
Some teeth have deep grooves on their biting surface, which make them hard to keep clean even with daily brushing and flossing since the brush bristles cannot access deep enough to remove plaque.
To prevent decay in those deep grooves, we often place sealants when children get their 6 year and 12 year molars. Our sealants do not contain Fluoride and are tooth-colored.
However, some children are not good candidates for sealants if they have a history of decay as they may already have enamel decay. It is important that we use the DIAGNOdent to determine if your child is a great candidate for sealants or if they need fillings, as sealants will not prevent the cavity from getting bigger.
Adults are also great candidates for sealants, but unlike children, most insurance plans do not cover sealants for anyone over the age of 12. Nonetheless, This is a conservative approach to preventing decay and helps prevent decay in adults as well because, as we age, our body's ability to heal from decay diminishes. This is accelerated more when we take medications that cause dry mouth, snack a lot or have autoimmune diseases like diabetes, heart disease, thyroid disease that prevent our body from fighting infection as easily as a healthy adult.
Contact Dr. Hana if you have any questions about sealants and cavities. (916) 780-1955


Social and Emotional Safety
Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) is the process through which children and adults aquire and effectively apply the knowedge, attitudes, and skills necessary to understand and manage emotions, set and achieve positive goals, feel and show empathy for othersm establish and maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions.
There are five Core SEL Competencies. Each plays a role in enhancing students' capacity to integrate skills, attitudes, and behaviors to effectively and ethically deal with daily tasks and challenges. All students in grades K-8 are explicitly taught and engage in lessons to acquire these SEL skills.
The ability to accurately recognize one's own emotions, thoughts, and values and how they infuence behavior. The ability to accurately assess one's strengths and limitations, with a well-grounded sense of confidence, optimism, and a "growth mindset."
The ability to successfully regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and
behaviors in different situations — effectively managing stress, controlling
impulses, and motivating oneself. The ability to set and
work toward personal and academic goals.
The ability to take the perspective of and empathize with others, including those from diverse backgrounds and cultures. The ability to understand social and ethical norms for behavior and to recognize family, school, and community resources for supports.
The ability to establish and maintain healthy and rewarding relationships with diverse individuals and groups. The ability to communicate clearly, listen well, cooperate with others, resist inappropriate social pressure, negotiate conflict constructively, and seek and offer help when needed.
The ability to make constructive choices about personal behavior and social interactions based on ethical standards, safety concerns and social norms. The realistic evaluation of consequences of various actions, and a consideration of the well-being of oneself and others.


“Burned, but not Burnt”: Meanings of Pirčiupiai and Their Change in Soviet and Independent Lithuania
Keywords:Pirčiupiai, Mother of Pirčiupiai, monuments, cultural heritage
Abstract. The article examines the development of the Pirčiupiai Memorial – the first memorial established in the Lithuanian SSR to commemorate the “victims of Hitler’s terror” – and the role of the story of the destruction of the village of Pirčiupiai in the memory cultures of the Soviet and independent Lithuania. During the Soviet era, this story was used to substantiate the essential ideological statement that the target of Nazi repression, terror, and mass murder was the entire “Soviet” Lithuanian society, and at the same time, an ambivalent image of Pirčiupiai as a peaceful Lithuanian peasant village, destroyed by the Nazis, and an active “partisan village” was introduced. During the revival period, the highlight of the Pirčiupiai memorial and one of the symbols of the cultural canon of the Lithuanian SSR – the sculpture of the Mother – was not removed, but the story of the destruction of Pirčiupiai itself, due to the counter-reaction to the intensive use of the history of Pirčiupiai in the Soviet era and the significant associations created during this period, other priorities of Lithuanian commemoration policy and socioeconomic circumstances became a secondary place of remembrance and, in the long run, a favorable medium for third parties to develop their own historical narrative.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 History
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


Life as we know it has been revolutionized by technology, and the classroom today looks nothing like it did 50—or even 10—years ago. Digital whiteboards have replaced traditional chalkboards, and schools now have an abundance of iPads and online resource like chuyển đổi kích thước.
Is this development detrimental to your pupils’ learning, or is it beneficial? According to the Pew Research Center, the internet has a significant impact on teachers’ ability to access content, tools, and materials. Here are a few examples of how educational technology can enhance the teaching experience:
Makes the Workplace More Engaged
You may believe that technology is merely a source of distraction, yet it may actually assist in encouraging active engagement in your classroom. Using technology in the classroom, such as a computer, tablet, or other form of device, can help convert normally boring subjects into participatory and fun activities.
Various Learning Styles are Included
Each kid in your classroom is unique, and tailoring your learning plan to meet each one can be difficult. Luckily, educational technology can assist you in modifying your classes. Ryan Greene, a Walden MS in Instructional Design and Technology alumnus, for example, selected online learning to complete his degree and now uses his expertise of technology integration to help improve his classroom.
Collaboration is improved.
When kids use technology in the classroom, teachers have noticed that they are more likely to help one another. Many technology-based assignments include additional components, which necessitates pupils seeking assistance from their peers or the teacher. ‡ When students are divided into small groups, those who are more technologically advanced can help their less experienced peers.
Children are better prepared for the future.
Nine out of ten kids said that using technology in the classroom will help them prepare for the digital future, according to a CompTIA research.
You can help set your pupils up for success by teaching them skills like PowerPoint. Students can be better prepared for future digital demands if instructional technology is introduced in the classroom at a young age.
It enables you to communicate with your students.
Teachers can use technology to improve their relationships with their pupils and coworkers. Incorporating technology into your lesson planning, as well as using it to further your own topic knowledge, may make a big difference in the classroom.


In the wake of September 11, 2001, the sense of American and global security altered profoundly. The world has had to consider the potential new threats posed by nuclear weapons, particularly in the hands of terrorists.
Now, the United States faces the issue of the development of new nuclear powers, such as Iran, as well as the risk that unguarded weapons could get into the wrong hands and be used by non-state actors in an act of terrorism.
Most international experts believe that there are more than 40 nations with the capability to build or purchase nuclear military technology. According to the UCS, the world’s supply of nuclear weapons is around 25,000, and most of these would explode with a force roughly 8 to 100 times larger than the those dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The United States and Russia each have more than 7,000 nuclear warheads combined, many of which are still aimed at each other that can be fired in as little as three minutes. This makes up more than 96 percent of the world’s total deployed warheads. A false alarm or small mistake can put us on the brink of nuclear war. In the former Soviet Union, materials for tens of thousands of nuclear weapons are moved around by civilian nuclear industries and get left in poorly secured facilities, intensifying the risk of nuclear terrorism.
As Jews we have always been firmly committed to the belief that nations must "beat their swords into plowshares" and that people must act toward one another in a spirit of kindness and humanity. Moreover, we recognize our unique role as active participants in bringing about this era of peace and harmony. We must seek peace and pursue it (Psalms 34:15). As a result, the Reform Jewish Movement has long advocated policies designed to curb the loss of life resulting from armed conflicts.
Reform Judaism's Resolutions on Arms Control
Learn more about the position of the Reform Movement on these key issues, and read the formal resolutions by URJ and CCAR.


While the stigma surrounding mental health is improving, its association with health care practitioners is relatively unknown to the public. Today, many health care providers deal with burnout, anxiety, depression, and job dissatisfaction. In some cases, this leads to substance abuse and, in severe cases, suicide. The specialties that have the highest rates of burnout and anxiety include urology, neurology, and emergency medicine. In general, physicians have a higher rate of suicide than that of the regular population. In some cases, the suicide rate is two times higher.
Few medical professionals seek treatment for mental health. Many physicians feel that sharing their mental health status and seeking treatment might cause them to have issues in obtaining medical licenses. Also, the competition between members within the health community can suppress the sharing of feelings and struggles that may be seen as “weaknesses.”
Many physicians don’t seek treatment for mental health disorders for fear that they will not be able to continue performing their job. In many cases, avoiding actions to improve mental health can be a professional hindrance. For physicians who forgo consulting a therapist, speaking up to loved ones, or using a medication, mental health issues can quickly become elevated.
In cases of extreme burnout and depression, a physician’s ability to treat patients may become compromised. This occurs in the form of medical errors, which can affect the quality of treatment provided. Depending on the severity of the error, a physician may be required to take a leave of absence.
Taking Back Control
To improve physician mental health and thus, quality of treatment for patients, education on and acceptance of the potential mental health struggles in the field of healthcare is vital. Today, many medical schools are encouraging aspiring physicians to prioritize their mental health early in their careers through wellness programs. These programs require schools to monitor fatigue levels and a student’s clinical hours to decrease the chance of burnout.
Interested in becoming a physician within the U.S.?
One of the first steps towards this goal is completing a clinical rotation.
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Happiness is directly dependent on the people you are communicating with, said Moran Cerf, a neuroscientist at Northwestern Illinois State University.
Studying the decision-making mechanism for more than 10 years, Moran Cerf came to the conclusion that a sense of happiness has nothing to do with the material situation, personal philosophy or human experience. The most important decision in life is directly related to your environment.
The statement of the neuroscientist is based on two positions. First, the decision-making process is extremely tiring for a person. There is a certain amount of mental energy that we can spend on the choice of this or that action: where to eat, what music to listen to, what to wear. Secondly, people mistakenly believe that their decisions can control the satisfaction of what is happening around. They think that happiness can be achieved with the help of right decisions.
In fact, people make this or that choice, focusing on irrational social attitudes, the neurobiologist asserts. The decisions of the person are extremely emotional and prejudiced. Therefore, it is very difficult to make the notorious “right” choice.
At the same time, the scientist discovered that the surrounding influence our interaction with reality. The brain waves of people spending a lot of time together are synchronized. They start using the same settings and think alike.
Therefore, a person needs to surround himself with people whose principles he shares and whose views are close to him. In this case, he can feel happier and reduce the level of stress.
So, instead of deciding where and what to eat, you just need to choose a companion who will choose what you like, concluded Cerf.


There has been much unease among many minorities in the United States during President Donald Trump’s first month in office. With campaign pledges to remove many of President Obama’s executive actions, many Americans feel that their rights may be violated. For the LGBTQ community, this was also a factor, as weeks ago there were rumors of drafts going through the White House that may affect their rights. The LGBTQ may now give a collective short sigh of relief, as the administration announced that it would not remove President Obama’s executive order from 2014 which protected employees working for federal contractors from anti-LGBTQ workplace discrimination.
The administration also praised Trump’s stance on protecting all Americans, reminding people that his acceptance speech was the only GOP speech to acknowledge the LBGTQ community and their rights.
Although this comes as good news for many workers throughout the country, a few remained skeptical, including the president of the Human Rights Campaign, who questioned whether the current administration would commit to other executive actions that would allow other employers and organizations to discriminate.
It remains to be seen whether Trump’s presidency will help or hinder employee protections and prevent workplace discrimination. There are still many local, state and federal laws in order to protect workers from discrimination on the grounds of sex, race, age, country of origin, religious beliefs and disabilities. It will be important for the LGBTQ community to stay mindful of possible new laws or changes to existing laws. If you are uncertain whether your rights have been violated, reaching out and learning about workplace discrimination laws may prove beneficial.
Source: USA Today, “Trump to keep Obama executive order for LGBTQ workplace protections,” By David Jackson, Jan. 31, 2017


The First Flourishing Fleurs!
Birds?! Sun?! WARMTH?! Spring is OFFICIALLY here! FINALLY it is time to bask in the sunlight and frolic through the flowers!
I am sure you have noticed the first few flowers peeping through the newly thawed tundra. They come in a range of colors from white, purple, yellow, and blue and are a pleasant sight amongst the greening grasses. Just what ARE these magical blossoming blooms?
They are Netted Irises, or Iris reticulata, if you're Latin. These lightly-scented flowers are usually violet-purple, although white, yellow, and light-blue are also prevalent. These little buggers multiply rapidly and can easily commandeer your lawn. They are one of the earliest irises flowering from February through early April, though with this horrid winter, they waited til they were SURE warm weather was here to stay!
Fun facts: Iris reticulata is a bulbous perennial iris that is native to Turkey, the Caucasus, Northern Iraq and Iran. The species name of reticulata is in reference to the netted or reticulate pattern on the dry bulbs. (Thanks, Missouri Botanical Garden)
From now on when you take your nature walks and morning strolls, you can confidently identify these premier poppers. I recommend loudly announcing every siting, so everyone can benefit from your knowledge. Commence the frolicking!


A PROPOSAL TO PROMOTE CODING AND SOFTWARE CREATION AT SCHOOL
UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia (SPAIN)
About this paper:
Conference name: 14th International Technology, Education and Development Conference
Dates: 2-4 March, 2020
Location: Valencia, Spain
Abstract:Writing source code at school is considered beneficial for children and the whole society. From a psychological point of view, learning to code stimulates abstract thinking and creative approaches to problem solving. For society, it is also beneficial to find talent in this type of intellectual tasks because children are potential computer scientists that can boost discoveries or progresses in the field. In the last decade primary and secondary educational institutions are trying to implement interventions programs to promote coding among children. Here we highlight some positive consequences of encouraging educational institutions to include coding competences in their curricula. We think that learning to code allows students to acknowledge computers scientists their work. At the same time, children also learn to think and reflect about technology in “essential” terms. That is to say, by learning to write pieces of software children also learn the universal message presented in “The Little Prince” that the essence of reality is not seen by the eye. As a result, we will provide some ideas and reflections about the early introduction of coding at school. Thus, our main objective is to develop a list of guidelines to help children to go into programming. The methodology we have used to develop such a list is literature review. We have reviewed key references on adult programming best practices to develop our guidelines for children. Our results, based on literature review and several formal discussions, can be synthetically summed up into three core guidelines: a) learning about master scripts and how to use them, b) dividing complex problems into small and simpler computational tasks, each of them should be written in a single script, and c) illustrating the notion of “function” and “function arguments”. These three guidelines are quite general and we are aware that different language programs work differently. As a result, those guidelines are not probably widely applicable. However, our intention is to provide a first taste of coding for children. In order to facilitate the practical implementation of those guidelines, we suggest using examples with open and free languages like R or LaTeX at school.
Keywords: Coding, software development, R, LaTeX, abstract thinking.


We can easily prevent high blood pressure by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and healthy diet.
Exercise: Exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight and lower your blood pressure. You should try to do regular exercise at least 30 minutes to 1 hour daily. Walking, running, skipping, aerobics, yoga etc. any kind of exercise can be beneficial.
Healthy weight: Being overweight or having obesity increases your risk for high blood pressure. Maintaining a healthy weight can help you control high blood pressure and reduce your risk for other health problems also.
Managing stress: Learning how to relax and manage stress can improve your emotional and physical health and lower high blood pressure. Stress management techniques include exercising, listening to music, focusing on something calm or peaceful, and meditating.
Don’t smoke and stop consuming alcohol: Drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure. It also adds extra calories, which may cause weight gain. Cigarette smoking raises your blood pressure and puts you at higher risk for heart attack and stroke.
Healthy Diet: Choosing healthful meal and snack options can help you avoid high blood pressure and its complications. Be sure to eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. Eating foods low in salt (sodium) and high in potassium can lower your blood pressure. Eating a diet that is rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy products and skimps on saturated fat and cholesterol can lower your blood pressure. Potassium can lessen the effects of sodium on blood pressure. The best source of potassium is food, such as fruits and vegetables, rather than supplements.
Few green vegetable, fruits, nuts and seeds are extremely helpful to reduce the risk of high blood pressure. Regular consumption of foods like Fig Fruit, Chia Seed, Gooseberries/Amalaki, Chives, Black Plum, Red beetroot, Mushroom, Almonds, Basil Seeds, Pumpkin Seed, Black Seed, Garlic, Ginger, Cloves, Bitter gourd, Spinach, Sweet potatoes, Walnuts, Banana, Avocado, Carrots, Cashew nuts, Moringa leaf, Cabbage, etc. can reduce the risk of high blood pressure.


Michigan’s primary goal for SNAP-Ed is to increase fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity behaviors as a means to prevent diet-related health problems in Michigan SNAP recipients. The Michigan Fitness Foundation’s (MFF’s) SNAP-Ed program aims to expand access to and increase fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity or reduce sedentary behavior through both direct education and policy, systems, and environmental change (PSE) strategies. A customized, comprehensive evaluation plan will be developed to assess the following:
- Evaluation of the intended outcomes of locally-relevant interventions selected to meet the unique needs of the SNAP-eligible population in defined communities;
- Short-term, medium-term, long-term, and/or contribution to population level outcomes related to increased fruit and vegetable consumption, increased physical activity and/or reduced sedentary behavior, and health-related quality of life;
- Process evaluation related to fidelity and program improvement.
- Short-term outcomes related to assessment of need and readiness for PSE change, and collaboration with local champions, partnerships and/or coalitions;
- Medium-term outcomes for adoption and promotion of policy, system or environmental change to expand access to or improve healthy eating and/or increased physical activity and/or reduced sedentary behavior;
- Long-term outcomes of organizational implementation and effectiveness of policy, system or environmental change to expand access to or improve healthy eating and/or increased physical activity and/or reduced sedentary behavior.
As SNAP-Ed programming evolves, careful and deliberate formative, process, outcome and impact evaluations are required. These evaluations allow MFF to share best practices and continuously improve the quality of its programming.


The core philosophy of Rolling Hills Country Day School is education of the whole child. Our students are critical thinkers, collaborative workers, confident leaders, and involved citizens. As a Kindergarten through Grade Eight institution, our role in educating students is unique. We understand both the lasting impact of the earliest years of education and the importance of preparation for high school, college, and beyond.
Country Day School is a nurturing environment where students have opportunities to experience success and at the same time, the support and safety to work through challenges. Our academics are rigorous, but we also believe that learning happens everywhere on campus. Whether it is in the classroom, during flag speeches, in the swimming pool, or on outdoor education trips, students are inspired to realize their potential.
The skills that students gain at Country Day School will stay with them for the rest of their lives. We focus on teaching our students real-life skills. The School believes that creative and critical thinking, problem-solving, presentation skills, technological acumen and grit are crucial to future professional success. Just as important is the sense of self that students gain at Country Day School. We promote and instill self-confidence, responsibility, and purpose. Our students are not just prepared for high school, but for a lifetime of meaningful endeavors, and we partner with our families to raise good humans.
Click below to learn more about Country Day School’s academic programs at the Lower School and Middle School levels.


Similarities with spanish and it is true! However, you should also keep in mind that there are numerous difficulties in french that can complicate your learning. For this reason, in this article we will delve into some tedious rules and exceptions of molière's language, so that we will detail the most difficult aspects of pronunciation and spelling and those similarities with spanish that can cause confusion. You are ready? Let's go there! French pronunciation without a doubt, when we talk about the difficulties of french, the first on the list will always be phonetics. The french language consists of 37 phonemes, among which we find the dreaded “ nasals ”.
The difficulty of these sounds in which part of the air has to pass through the nasal cavity is due to the fact that they do not exist in spanish. In addition, contrary to e commerce photo editing the spanish language , in french there are numerous ways of writing the same sound so, for example, when pronouncing our vowel "o" we could write "o", "au" or "eau" inesem business school superior course b1 french online more information the letter -s in french also in relation to pronunciation, it is important to know that the letter -s at the end of a word is not pronounced in french. In addition, there are many words that contained this letter in ancient times and were modified throughout the history of the language, replacing the -s with a circumflex accent (^).
In this sense, for example, the word “hospital” is now spelled “hôpital”. Gender and number in french, what difficulties do they present another of the great difficulties of french can be found in the differences in the formation of the feminine and the plural with respect to the spanish language. In french there are many different ways to create the plural or the feminine. Thus, for example, in general we form the plural in french by adding the letter -sa to the singular word, but words ending in -eau, -au and -eu form their plural in -x:


This overlay shows radio (orange) and infrared images of a giant molecular cloud called W49A, where new stars are being formed. A team of astronomers led by Chris DePree of Agnes Scott College used the National Science Foundation’s Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to make new, high-resolution radio images of this cluster of still-forming, massive stars. W49A, 36,000 light-years from Earth, has been studied for many decades, and the new radio images revealed some tantalizing changes that have occurred since an earlier set of VLA observations in 1994 and 1995.
The VLA radio images show the shape and movement of giant clouds of ionized hydrogen gas formed by the intense ultraviolet radiation from young stars. Comparing old and new VLA images of these ionized regions has shown changes indicating new activity in some of the regions. This new activity includes a narrow, fast-moving jet in one region, supersonic gas motions in three others, and an unexpected reduction in the radio brightness in another.
The astronomers, who reported their findings in the Astronomical Journal, plan to continue observing this region regularly to track changes that will reveal new details about the complex processes of star formation and interactions of the outflows from young stars.


Vector-borne diseases constitute over 17% of all infectious diseases and largely affect people in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. India with its rising temperatures and longer transmission seasons, is a hub of vector-borne diseases. There is thus a need to raise awareness on prevention and treatment options. Vectors are the organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens from an infected individual to another or from animals to humans. Some of the common vector-borne diseases in India include dengue, malaria, chikungunya, and scrub typhus, which pose a high public health burden.
Raising awareness, Dr Arulrhaj, Founder, Chairman and Head, Acute Medicine, Sundaram Arulrhaj Hospitals, said, “Precaution is the key to protecting oneself from vector borne diseases. However, if you still develop any of these diseases, do not panic and do not self-medicate. Consult a physician as early as possible. Do not be quick to label every fever as COVID-19 and start rushing for tests. The symptoms of all these diseases can overlap and they are treatable. Treatment of dengue and chikungunya involves the use of paracetamol to relieve fever and pain. Scrub typhus is treated with antibiotics, while malaria requires treatment with antimalarials.
“Fortunately, some antibiotics like doxycycline are known to have a potential role in the treatment of vector-borne diseases. This is a broad-spectrum, time-tested antibiotic, which also has antiviral, anti-typhus, anti-parasitic, and anti-inflammatory properties”, he added.


The Effect of Social Stories on the Social Interactions of a Student with ASD in Unstructured School Activities
The purpose of this study was to determine whether using social stories would impact the social interactions of a student with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during unstructured times at school, specifically during centers and lunch. Observations were conducted before, during, and after the intervention to determine the mean frequency with which the student engaged in conversations. Descriptive statistics also were compiled from surveys to determine the quality of the student's conversations with assigned lunch buddies. The only significant change in the frequency of conversations was between the pre and post phases during center times. Student perceptions of the number of conversations were not always consistent, but their perceptions of the intervention and the quality of conversations were generally quite positive. Conducting future studies over more extended periods of time and using larger samples might help more fully assess the effectiveness and perceptions of using social stories to facilitate social interactions among students with ASD.
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Pasta and tomato sauce prices may soon spike because of record-breaking drought.
Yesterday, Bloomberg reported that California, the top global tomato producer, is going through the worst drought in 1,200 years.
"We desperately need rain," Mike Montna, head of the California Tomato Growers Association, told the pub. "We are getting to a point where we don’t have inventory left to keep fulfilling the market demand. It’s real tough to grow a tomato crop right now."
Montna said that in addition to the water crisis, farmers are also dealing with high inflation. That means higher fuel and fertilizer costs, which reduces profit margins at a time when tomatoes are already in short supply.
California isn't alone in experiencing the effects of severe climate change, and it's unlikely we'll see a prettier picture any time soon.
In June, researchers published a study in the journal Nature that said global tomato production would decrease because of warming temperatures. It's just another example of the many ways humans are negatively impact the Earth and its environments.
This week alone, humans caused the euthanasia of a beloved, globe-trotting walrus, potentially made flooding in Sudan even more deadly, and we learned that strip mining in Kentucky made the deadly floods there more severe.
Such a dark barrage of headlines reminds us that there's a limited amount of time to stop or reverse the effects of climate change, and no reasonable action could be taken too soon.
More on human impacts: Officials Beg Russia To Stop Bombing Near Europe's Largest Nuclear Plant


APSA Resources on Systemic Racism & Social Justice
Political scientists have long examined the linkages between race, power, governance, social injustice and oppression. This scholarship has made an invaluable contribution to our discipline and to public discourse. It has illuminated the sources and structures of systemic racism, pervasive inequality and human rights abuses in the United States, as well as the resulting social, political, and public policy consequences. Below is a collection of resources and scholarly work from political scientists and a variety of other sources, that we hope you will engage. Additionally, we have provided access to articles from the journals of the American Political Science Association that address these important questions.
This project arose as a means to acknowledge the issues and debates that have re-surfaced into the public discourse as a result of the murders of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Ahmaud Arbery at the hands of police, and the resulting protests and civil debates about social justice, race, systemic racism and public policy. With the understanding that these social, political, and economic themes predate the events and protests in Minneapolis, MN and the protests around globe. The goals of this project are to: 1) Highlight the range of scholarly expertise and contributions of political scientists whose research and public engagement addresses these important topics, 2) Identify a diverse array of political science resources that can be brought to bear to assist students and faculty in the classroom and the public the better understand and dialogue about these issues in a constructive way, and 3) Acknowledge and appreciate that these themes are core and essential to the study of political science.
The resource page is divided into five key sections, as described below. While the resource page is not meant to be comprehensive, it is dynamic and inclusive. As we learn of new resources from our members and staff, we will update the page.


Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources, including inter alia terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part. This refers to the diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems (UN 1992b) 1).
The AlpES approach considers biodiversity as a factor which contributes to the generation of ecosystem services (e.g. disease control through diversity) and which may also be a result of ecosystem services (such as provision of specific habitat quality). However, biodiversity is not considered to be an ecosystem service itself.
see also: Biodiversity
UN (United Nations) (Ed.) (1992b): Convention on Biological Diversity.
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I also mentioned in my earlier post that the expression "black dwarf" in reference to Athanasius became first known in 1984, in The History of Christianity by Justo L. Gonzales. I also enclosed there a link to an article explaining the situation (BTW, I don't endorse the tone used by the author of this article in regards to Dr. Gonzales).
This recent comment, however, prompted me to write Dr. Gonzales directly, and he kindly replied. I am posting his reply here:
"Thanks for your e-mail. Actually, after that book was published I looked for the reference, and found several of his enemies mocking his stature and calling him 'black'. But the actual phrase 'black dwarf' does not appear in any of the early texts. (There are some later historians who do use the phrase, and I took if from them. But the actual quote in a reliable ancient text I cannot find. I'll have to correct it in the next edition!)"At any rate, at that time, and among the people involved in the debates, 'black' did not mean what the same word now means in the US. In Egypt, it was used as a derogatory term by some among the Greeks (who had conquered Egypt some seven centuries earlier) and the Romans (who had come three centuries after the Greeks) as a pejorative way to refer to the original Coptic population. These were not 'black' in the sense in which it is applied to people South of the Saharan. They were fairly dark-skinned, and their hair was wavy. But they were neither as dark nor their hair as wavy as the Sudanese and other people to the south. There are many indications that Athanasius was a Copt and that he was very short."
Dr. Gonzales approved of the illustrations in my book and the way Athanasius is portrayed.
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What are the first things you need to do to start a new project?
- Start a new project folder. You can do this by going into your computer’s documents folder, or you can use your Git Bash command line to create what you need.
- Create a folder called war. Add a new folder or use cd to change directory into your projects folder and then mkdir war to make a directory called war. Always make sure you are in the directory you expect to be in before you create a file or folder.
- Create a file called index.html or use touch index.html.
- Create a folder called css and one called js or use mkdir.
- In the css directory create a file called style.css or use cd css and then touch style.css.
- In js directory create a file called script.js or use cd ../js and then touch script.js. The ../js moves out of the current directory up one level in the file system and then finds the js directory and opens that folder.
Next, make a plan. What do you need your program to do and what do you want it to look like? Think about it before you read my description.
We’ll want a title War! We’ll want a first and second player. We’re not going to mess with images of cards at this point. We’ll just have it show 9 of Clubs and such. So we’ll need a place on the page to show each card and a spot to show the winner of each round.
We’ll need 52 cards. We’ll need them split into two hands, one for each player. The cards played will need to go into the “back” of winner’s deck. Eventually we’ll have to figure out when there is tie, but that’s not a thing we need in place in the beginning.
Today you can create the head of your HTML file. Create the body and add in your script links as well. Use your last project to get that done.
You can watch this lesson as a video and see how I am setting up the game to see what it looks like.


Crashes of all sorts can result in damage to the head and brain. In some cases, this damage is hard to detect. In others, you will know almost immediately that something is wrong.
You should always seek medical attention after a crash. But you should understand signs of brain injuries as well. It can help you decide what type of help to get.
Traumatic brain injuries
You must keep an eye out for injury after a crash, according to Mayo Clinic. In specific, they cite the potential dangers of traumatic brain injuries. Brain injuries in any form can do damage in the short and long term. Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) tend to have the most noticeable immediate impact, though.
For example, physical symptoms with TBIs tend to lean toward extremes. A victim might experience seizures, migraines, vomiting and nausea and dizziness. They may go numb in their extremities. They could start to leak clear fluid from the ears or nose. They may also have uneven, dilated pupils.
It is most likely for TBI victims to experience disorders of consciousness, too. This includes blacking out, passing out or falling into a coma. Needless to say, people often recognize these signs immediately.
Moderate and mild brain injuries
Milder or moderate brain injuries often have symptoms that people struggle to detect. It may manifest in a persistent headache, but one that is not debilitating. Victims could experience mild nausea or confusion. They may forget things. They could even have trouble sleeping or staying awake. But less intense symptoms often make people think the injury is also milder.
This is not always the case, though. Thus, no matter what signs you have, you should always seek immediate medical attention.


The Role of Hydration in Spinal Health
What will it take to get you drinking the appropriate amount of water?
Every cell in your body contains water, and relies on water to perform basic cellular functions that keep you functioning. But why stop at functioning? Why not strive to thrive? Hydration is one of the fastest ways you can improve overall health and, as we will find below, it has extremely important applications in spinal health. And all you have to do is pick up a glass (or preferably a reusable water bottle) and drink!
The role of hydration in spinal health
Your intevertebral discs provide for shock-absorption and healthy articulation between the vertebral bones that make up the spine. Normal daily movement compresses these discs, and their resistance to giving into such compression is heavily reliant on hydration. Without adequate water supply, the body is unable to rehydrate intervertebral discs, causing them to suffer more than normal from normal compression. Dried out discs result in less range of motion and more back pain.
Forcing your body to operate in a drought
This headline is no hyperbole: when your body is provided with inadequate water supply, it is forced to prioritize. And the spine is not at the top of the list; water is pulled from places like the extremities and the spine and rerouted to the vital organs to keep you functioning. Because the spine is not a priority, any existing deficiency is allocated to the vital organs and there is nothing left for the spine to use for disc rehydration. Remember, this is not thriving!
Striving to thrive with proper hydration and chiropractic in Milpitas
Drinking plenty of water is the fastest way to start improving your spinal health. Chiropractic is another way to help embattled spinal discs by alleviating pressure on the nerves and improving spinal alignment. If you are interested in improving your spinal health in support of feeling your best, give our office in Milpitas a call to schedule an appointment today.
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Protecting, preserving and maintaining cultural property for coming generations: In Germany, this is the shared responsibility of the Federation and the federal states. Such cultural goods are not only of national significance for the Federal Republic, but also part of the cultural heritage of mankind.
While preserving cultural property is primarily the task of the federal states, the Federation is responsible for legislation in two areas: firstly, protecting cultural assets of national significance from being exported abroad; and secondly, protecting other countries’ cultural assets which have been imported to Germany illegally and must be returned. After a thorough evaluation PDF, 55 KB, barrier-free of existing law, the Federal Government decided to undertake a comprehensive reform.
In order to improve the protection of cultural goods and take more effective action against trafficking in cultural property, the Federal Government will combine existing legislation on the protection of cultural property into a new, uniform act which also implements new EU law, Directive 2014/60/EU of May 2014. The new act will improve the implementation of the 1970 UNESCO Convention and will bring German law into line with international standards.
Clear rules for import, export and due diligence when buying cultural goods will also be good for the art market in Germany. Professor Monika Grütters, Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media, recently presented draft legislation PDF, 186 KB, not barrier-free to this effect for approval by the federal ministries. Depending on how the bill progresses through the parliament, the new law should enter into force in the first half of 2016.


Loss of circularity when creating metal ring-shaped products by ring rolling is a significant industrial issue. This paper explores the previously tacit knowledge that plastic changes in curvature - required to maintain circularity - principally occur as material passes through the roll gap. Through a series of experiments and numerical simulations on half-ring workpieces, the ‘free curvature change’ is explored for the first time, finding that the ring can ‘curl up’ - the radius reducing by as much as -39% in a single pass - unless the inner roll is much smaller than the outer roll. An analytical model of free curvature change is proposed based on force equilibrium and compatibility. Under a range of ‘normal’ operating conditions this predicted free curvature change to within 7%. In (full) ring rolling the radius of curvature must continually increase. This paper proposes that regulation of curvature is achieved through bending moments at the roll entry and exit; largest when the tool size ratio is furthest from the optimum. This hypothesis is supported by Finite Element simulations of full ring rolling, finding entry and exit moments up to a quarter of the moment for a fully plastic hinge. This work could be of direct use to process designers in choosing tool sizes and guide roll force limits and suggests new ways to use guide rolls to better maintain circularity in challenging situations.


Hindi is the fourth most spoken language in the world, with over half a billion speakers. This Indo-Aryan language is primarily spoken in India, but it is also used in other countries such as Nepal, Mauritius, and Fiji. If you’re interested in learning how to talk Hindi language, here are some tips to get you started.
1. Learn the basics of Hindi grammar
The first step to speaking Hindi is to learn the basics of its grammar. Hindi is a subject-object-verb language, which means that the subject of a sentence comes first, followed by the object and then the verb. Hindi also has gendered nouns, so it’s important to learn the gender of each noun to ensure proper sentence construction.
2. Start with basic vocabulary
To build your Hindi language skills, start with basic vocabulary. Learn common words, such as greetings, numbers, and colors. This will help you to create simple sentences and engage in basic conversations.
3. Practice listening and speaking Hindi
One of the most effective ways to learn a new language is by practicing listening and speaking. Listen to Hindi radio stations, watch Hindi movies or TV shows, and try to speak Hindi with native speakers or language partners. This will help you to improve your pronunciation and comprehension.
4. Use language-learning apps
Language-learning apps can be a great tool for learning Hindi. Apps like Duolingo, Babbel, and Rosetta Stone offer interactive lessons and exercises that can help you to improve your Hindi language skills.
5. Immerse yourself in the language
Immersing yourself in the Hindi language can be an effective way to learn. If possible, travel to India or other Hindi-speaking countries to experience the language and culture firsthand. If travel is not an option, try to find Hindi-speaking communities or attend language exchange events in your area.
In conclusion, learning how to talk Hindi language can be a challenging but rewarding experience. By following these tips and remaining consistent in your practice, you can become proficient in Hindi and open up new opportunities for communication and cultural exchange.


Subtraction: Booklet 4
Subtraction: Booklet 4 - Large Numbers and Practice
Parent/Teacher Guide 53 pages - stapled booklet Student Workbook 33 pages - stapled booklet
The Parent/Teacher Guide has instructions on how to teach the lessons, sample dialogues, games, and the Answer Key. The Student Workbook has worksheets and practice pages. We highly recommended that you order both for a complete package.
Click this title to download General Organization Grades 4 & 5 - a free PDF you print.
This unique approach to subtraction was developed by Prof. Emeritus Michael Butler and refined by Alysia Krafel at the world renowned UCI Farm Elementary School.
- Memorizing the recipe for how to borrow does not result in understanding of the basic concepts of regrouping. The Patterns in Arithmetic series teaches for understanding. The student constructs understanding through experience not being told "how to do" the problems.
- Circle Math is our unique way of teaching regrouping. It is the process of breaking up a large problem into many small problems, solving each small problem, and adding the results.
- The student is guided to find patterns and generalize those patterns in to working knowledge of how procedures work and why they work that way.
- Parents are guided though a series of lessons that give sample dialogues that a teacher might have with a student who is learning.
Introduction to Nonstandard Regrouping and IOUs
Standard Regrouping: Review
Nonstandard Regrouping and IOUs: Review
Standard Three Digit Regrouping
Standard Three Digit Regrouping with Recording
Gus the Bus Driver Word Problems
Standard Three Digits: Assessment
Directions for Making Base Ten Counters
Answer Key is in the Parent/Teacher Guide
General Organization 4 & 5 includes: Foreword by Professor Michael Butler, Introduction, Farm School Math Notes, Teaching Techniques, Arithmetic Conventions, Math Journal, Grading and Dialogues, Sequence Guides, Lesson Planning, Materials, Resources, Base Ten Materials, and Series Overview.


A central challenge for sustainable development is how societies are to avoid, minimize or address impacts from anthropogenic climate change. However, competing perspectives on “what should be sustained” lead to widely different understandings of what mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage entail and how best to approach them. We provide a novel conceptual and empirical comparison of two contrasting sustainable development-based approaches to the study of impacts from climate-related extreme events: Capital Theory and capability-based Human Development. We use our analysis of immediate residential property value and housing capacity impacts caused by Hurricane Michael in Gulf County, Florida, to demonstrate how the sustainable development theory used to assess and interpret impacts greatly affects the identification of whom and where is objectively “most impacted.” Through a comparison of the two approaches, we identify relative advantages and disadvantages, emphasizing that while both provide coherent, comprehensive, and integrative approaches to climate-related impact assessment, the capability approach is much less likely to lead researchers and practitioners to overlook the most disadvantaged communities when compared to Capital Theory.
|Tidigt onlinedatum||2021 okt. 29|
|Status||Published - 2022|


UDC 930. 271
The valuable contribution made by Garun Valeyevich Yusupov to the development of the Tatar epigraphy, the basic achievements and main objectives of contemporary epigraphic science in Tatarstan are considered in the article. The 1946–1957s expeditions conducted by G.V. Yusupov covered the majority of Tatarstan, Chuvashia and Bashkortostan regions (cca. 150 settlements) and revealed a few hundred Tatar epigraphic monuments (mostly epitaphs) dating to the period from the 13–14th
to the 19th
– early 20th
centuries. His publications were distinguished by their precision and highly informative character, becoming a model for further research. On the basis of collected and accumulated materials G.V. Yusupov developed a new classification of the 13-19th
-century epigraphy resources. Contemporary studies have considerably expanded the geography of the findings by including Astrakhan, Penza and Irkutsk Regions and North Kazakhstan; they allowed tracing the peculiarities of the gravestone epitaph tradition development. The main objective of Tatarstan epigraphists is reveal and completely publish the gravestone research epitaphs, and to preserve this kind of source that provides unique information on the language, art and history of the Tatar people.


Fighting nematodes and other tomato soil pests and diseases
What makes you think you have nematodes?
Many times it’s just poor soil conditions and someone telling you it’s probably nematodes , tomato root knot nematodes.
What are nematodes?
There are good nematodes and there are bad nematodes. Root knot nematodes are bad pests; they are nematodes living in the soil that feed inside the tomato plant roots, disrupting the flow of water and nutrients within the root system. Stunted plant growth and a yellowish color to the plant can be an indication you have nematodes. Once you have given up on your tomato plant, dig it up and look for knots and or bumps on the roots.
If you really have nematodes, what to do?
In containers, make sure to plant in minimum 20 gallon size containers with the brand new potting soil we have discussed in other posts. Go ahead and place your container right on top of your old soil area containing nematodes.
In your regular backyard soil, dig a hole 2 feet diameter and 2 feet deep and throw away the soil. (It has the nematodes in it.) Fill the hole with high quality potting soil/mix. Plant your tomato. See our Backyard Planting post. If you have nematode problem again … you may need to stick with container gardening.
For pests and diseases of the soil such as tomato root knot nematodes, you will read articles recommending you not plant in the same spot every year, but it’s just not that easy to move your garden to different locations yearly. A simple fix is to use the great potting soil and methods we have discussed and if you feel your potting soil is diseased at some future date, replace it with new potting soil.
Nematodes more readily go after weak and damaged tomato plants that are water-stressed. Use good potting soil and keep the roots moist. Frequent irrigation can help reduce nematode damage.
You are welcome to share this information with others—family, friends and clubs, etc.
Sharing tips helps us be better growers.
Dave Freed / the Tomato Guy


Wash the Apples Sensory Bin Activity
This simple, low-prep activity is perfect for your apple preschool theme at home.
What better way to kick off your apple unit study than by having your preschooler wash off the apples they’ll be using throughout the next 2 weeks! It’s simple and shouldn’t cost you a penny if you’re already buying apples for your apple theme.
All you need to do is fill up a big plastic tub with soapy water, give your child some scrub brushes or sponges, and let them wash and dry the apples one by one!
Join the Cultivate Curiosity Homeschool Community on Facebook. There are free resources available, and it’s the perfect way to connect with other homeschool families!
PURCHASE OUR APPLE UNIT HERE
Use code APPLE25 for 25% off
WHILE YOU’RE PLANNING YOUR APPLE THEME:
- Here are 25 Apple Crafts for your Preschooler’s Apple theme!
- Here are some Apple Activities for your Preschooler
- Here’s a list of 16 super cute apple-themed Snacks for your Preschooler.
- Here’s a list of Apple Books for your Apple Unit Study.
Wash the Apples Activity
This activity has been a hit with all of my program members, and it’s surprising how much there is for your child to explore! You can discuss why the apples float, ask them to separate the apples by color, count them, the list goes on.
If you liked this post, don’t forget to pin it for later:


How to Use Double Entry System
Double entry or bookkeeping is a standard system that practiced from ancient times and still relevant. This is mainly used to maintain accounts on every transaction and maintaining a balance between these transactions. Using the Double-Entry System This system is based on the accounting equation (Liabilities + owners’ equity = Assets). It regulates the entered debit amounts must be equal to credit accounts. It also checks that company cash that spends out from the account, gaining in return or not, such as supplies, etc. Each transaction is maintained in a general ledger document.
Uses And Applications
- Increases income by receiving money from pre-deposited money into a business bank account.
- From, utility expenses, you can pay electricity bill that edited as debit, Using the Double-Entry System while credit added to cash results in decreasing assets.
Set-Up Double Entry System
- First, set your financial records than select ‘chart of account’ by using proper guidelines given by accounting software for account that required in business.
- Use ‘chart of account’ as a reference for selecting two or more accounts for editing transactions into your ledger file.
- Use “general journal entry” in which first entry is for ‘account and debited amount’ and second entry is for ‘account and credited amount’.
- Always use, accounting software for auto-generate of transactions and sales invoices.
- It reduces the calculation mistakes and increasing accuracy.
- Increases awareness in accounting by providing detailed information.
- It increases the rate of production (statements, net statements, etc.).
If the problem persists after following these steps, then consult QuickBooks Customer Service @ + contact to get your problem resolved by them.


During our Unit of Inquiry Living Things the Primary 2 students from SEK-Santa Isabel investigated plants and what they need to live, how they adapt to their environment and what different parts they have. We were lucky enough to round out this learning and observe these living things up close in the Botanic Garden of Madrid –Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid – Es ciencia, es educación, es divulgación (csic.es)-.
Thanks to our SEK school being located in the centre of Madrid, we have had the chance to take a lovely walk to the Botanic Garden, an activity which also forms part of the school’s Learning Paths framework. Once we were there, we took part in the workshop Thorns and Traps, learning about plants, bushes and trees and filling out our workbook with our observations during the different activities.
In the greenhouse, we experienced different climates, topical and desert, whilst also seeing the famous fly trap plants up close, such as the Venus Flytrap. It was very interesting to find out how these plants have developed different types of traps to adapt to difficult terrains and growing conditions. To top off this fantastic visit, the students planted a cutting which they were able to take home.
On our way back to school we stopped by the Vertical Garden at the Caixa Fórum, also within our Learning Path, and we saw the peculiar watering system and the maintenance needed for such an original style of garden.


We had a lot of talk in the classroom about candy and treats upon our return from the Easter weekend. I thought this would be a great time to open a discussion about how we handle the variety of foods we make available to children. There is a shifting trend, particularly in the parenting arena, where we are asked to stop placing foods into a hierarchy. When we remove the labels that certain foods are good, better, or best, we can also remove the negative feelings of guilt and shame that develop around our food choices.
Also, outdated phrases like, “clean plate club” or “no dessert until you finish all your food” are being removed from our language at the table. Rather than external control from others, we must encourage people to listen to their bodies and decide for themselves when they are full or satisfied.
Consider this graphic:
How does each side make you feel? Are there any historical or cultural notions that come up for you?
In the course, Feeding Littles, I was introduced to the phrase, “we provide, and they decide.” As parents and caregivers, we can provide the kinds of foods we want the children to be exposed to but then we must allow them to decide how much. And sometimes, children need to be exposed to certain foods dozens of times before they will agree to try them.
Do you have a picky eater?
Many families have fallen into the trap of making two meals at a time - the children’s meal and then their own adult meal. One solution is to make one meal for everyone (exposure) and include something you know your child will eat in the meal. Eating together is another good way to role-model healthy food habits.
In the classroom, I tell the children, who are participating in school lunch, that, “I have to put everything available on your plate, it’s my job.” I just state it as a matter of fact and move along. In this way, I have witnessed several children decide to try something unfamiliar, after telling me they don’t want that on their plate. Once they see their friends, or the adults sampling the food then they become inspired to try too.
We will certainly continue talking about how different foods help our bodies in different ways, but the stigma around certain food choices will strategically be removed.


Ginger The Genus Zingiber by P. N. Ravindran, K. Nirmal-Babu
SPECIAL INDIAN REPRINT !
The Genus Zingiber
by P. N. Ravindran,
- Provides extensive references to guide the reader to more detailed information
- Covers authoritatively the end uses of ginger both as a versatile spice and as a medicinal plant of great significance
- Discusses the role of ginger as an important export crop in many producing countries
Ginger: The Genus Zingiber is the first comprehensive volume on ginger. Valued as a spice and medicinal plant from ancient times both in India and China, ginger is now used universally as a versatile spice and in traditional medicine as well as in modern medicine.
This book covers all aspects of ginger, including botany, crop improvement, chemistry, biotechnology, production technology in the major producing countries, diseases, pests, and harvesting. It also explores processing, products, economics and marketing, pharmacology, medicinal applications, and uses as a spice and flavoring.
Experts in the areas of genetic resources, botany, crop improvement, and biotechnology of ginger give an in-depth analysis of these key aspects, and each chapter concludes with an extensive bibliography.
- Botany and Crop Improvement of Ginger
- Chemistry of Ginger
- Tissue Culture and Biotechnology of Ginger
- Ginger Production in India and Other South Asian Countries
- Ginger Production in South East Asia
- Ginger Production in Africa and Pacific Ocean Islands
- Diseases of Ginger
- Bacterial Diseases of Ginger and their Control
- Insect Pests of Ginger
- Post Harvest and Industrial Processing of Ginger
- Production, Marketing and Economics of Ginger
- Pharmacology of Ginger
- Medicinal Properties and Uses of Ginger
- Ginger as Spice and Flavourant
- Yield Gaps Constraints in Ginger
- Other Economically Important Zingiber Species


Green home cinema: Streaming better than P2P
Watching movies with an IPTV solution might be a greener choice than downloading with peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. Researchers at KTH have for the first time calculated the climate impact of two popular ways of distributing movies.
IPTV streaming services (Live TV, Video on Demand) are today provided by most major media companies. Peer-to-peer networks are an alternative way of distributing movies with many providers to choose from. A project at KTH analysed the climate impact of both technologies.
- Our object of study was a two hour movie with 3 Gigabytes distributed and watched in Sweden, says Elisabeth Hochschorner, researcher at the Centre for Sustainable Communications (CESC).
For both systems electricity demand for end user equipment was the main contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The production of end user equipment turned out to be another significant impact factor. Comparing the two systems, P2P had a higher environmental impact, especially when upload speed was low.
- In P2P systems, each user is simultaneously up- and downloading which extends the total time end-consumer devices are needed. Less greenhouse gas emissions could be achieved either through higher upload speed or through decreased movie size. Using the computer for other purposes while uploading also lowers the climate impact from P2P, says Elisabeth Hochschorner.
Elisabeth Hochschorner’s conclusions are based on a life cycle assessment (LCA) presented at the 3rd NorLCA Symposium 15-16 September 2011 in Helsinki. The study is part of the larger project “Next generation media” conducted by KTH (CSC/Media) in collaboration with TeliaSonera.


Harry Laughlin: Workhorse of the American Eugenics Movement
Harry Hamilton Laughlin was a leading American eugenicist in the first half of the 20th century. He was among the most active and energetic individuals influencing American eugenics policy.
Laughlin was born in Iowa and graduated from the First District Normal School in Kirksville, Missouri (Truman State University). Always an ambitious self-promoter, he began a correspondence with Charles Davenport and, when they finally met in January of 1909 at the American Breeders Association meeting held in Columbia, Missouri, Davenport was impressed with Laughlin’s energy, ambition, and enthusiasm. When Davenport secured private funding for the Eugenics Record Office (ERO) in 1910, he invited Laughlin to come to Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and become the first superintendent of the ERO.
Laughlin had two principal interests in eugenics: immigration restriction and compulsory sterilization of the "unfit." One of Laughlin’s most significant contributions was the drafting of a model eugenic sterilization law that states could use to craft constitutionally sound state statutes.
Laughlin had strong contacts with fascist Germany from the early 1930s. The Reichstag passed the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring in 1933, which was loosely structured on Laughlin’s model eugenic sterilization law. Laughlin applauded the vigorous application of the law in Germany; 350,000 individuals were sterilized under the law during the twelve-year life of the Third Reich.
In 1936, the University of Heidelberg awarded Laughlin an honorary doctorate for his work in the science of “race hygiene.” He also was a member of the editorial boards of several German journals devoted to race hygiene. Western newspaper reports about the extensive application of compulsory sterilization in Germany began to appear in the late 1930s. By the beginning of the 1940s, eugenics in the United States was largely discredited and more associated with fascism and racism than credible science.


The increasingly accessible nature of online video and textual sources means that it is now easier than ever to watch short clips from films and video documentaries to break up a lesson with engaging stimulus material. However, too often these clips and extracts do little more than merely reinforce what’s just been covered in class or provide extra narrative detail.
To promote deeper engagement with such sources, provide students with just the first half of the source, then challenge them to anticipate how the story ends. For example, in this extract relating to the civil rights movement, pause the video halfway through and ask your students:
- Will he offer to help the white woman, or not? Why?
- What will happen next that will make this what he has already described as a ‘life changing event’?
Then, after listening to their answers, play them the remainder of the video. Were they right? What surprised them? What have we learned from this?
Taking it further
The same technique can be adopted for written sources, and even for pictures – for more on this, see my post on the ‘image wipe‘ approach.
Both the idea for this blogpost, and the example given here, comes from an excellent training session I attended which was delivered by Facing History and Ourselves.


The U.S. Geological Survey assists the Federal Emergency Management Agency in its mission to identify flood hazards and zones for risk premiums for communities nationwide, by creating flood insurance rate maps through updating hydraulic models that use river geometry data. The data collected consist of elevations of river channels, banks, and structures, such as bridges, dams, and weirs that can affect flow. To account for the model complexity of river structure hydraulics and the fidelity between river channel and structure geometry, two distinct standards for collecting geometry data are presented, both using global navigation satellite system real-time network surveying. This method is adapted from U.S. Geological Survey manuals and is foundational in hydraulic surveying for flood insurance rate maps.
|Title||Practical field survey operations for flood insurance rate maps|
|Authors||Nicholas J. Taylor, Caelan E. Simeone|
|Publication Subtype||USGS Numbered Series|
|Series Title||Open-File Report|
|Record Source||USGS Publications Warehouse|
|USGS Organization||New England Water Science Center|


The nation’s surface-water resources—the water in the nation’s rivers, streams, creeks, lakes, and reservoirs—are vitally important to our everyday life. The main uses of surface water include drinking-water and other public uses, irrigation uses, and for use by the thermoelectric-power industry to cool electricity-generating equipment.
Groundwater is an important part of the water cycle. Groundwater is the part of precipitation that seeps down through the soil until it reaches rock material that is saturated with water. Water in the ground is stored in the spaces between rock particles (no, there are no underground rivers or lakes). Groundwater slowly moves underground, generally at a downward angle (because of gravity), and may eventually seep into streams, lakes, and oceans.
Here is a simplified diagram showing how the ground is saturated below the water table (the purple area). The ground above the water table (the pink area) may be wet to a certain degree, but it does not stay saturated. The dirt and rock in this unsaturated zone contain air and some water and support the vegetation on the Earth. The saturated zone below the water table has water that fills the tiny spaces (pores) between rock particles and the cracks (fractures) of the rocks.


|Click on Image to Enlarge
Picher, Oklahoma (239,407 bytes) ( 1,176 x 1,118 )
Picher, Oklahoma once boasted 20,000 people in this mining town in northeast Oklahoma. Now, after a 2009 tornado, and a federal cleanup program, the town is a modern-day ghost town. Picher lies in the middle of the Tar Creek Superfund site, an expanse of lead- and zinc-mining towns that extends into Missouri and Kansas. But mine cave-ins, sinkholes, and a creek that flows orange from pollution have forced abandonment of Picher and the surrounding smaller towns. The image was acquired July 12, 2006, covers an area of 17.7 by 16.8 km, and is located at 37 degrees north latitude, 94.8 degrees west longitude.
Click on thumbnails below for full resolution images.
||Picher, Oklahoma |
Size: (239,407 bytes)
Resolution ( 1,176 x 1,118 )
Please give credit for these images to:
NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems,
and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team