Florida effect is one of the earliest and strongest examples of “priming”, meaning the use of background factors to induce a psychological state to someone. The person under the Florida effect can start different actions without being aware of it. The background factors involved in the Florida effect are usually images or different props found in the room where the experiment takes place. Sometimes the priming takes the form of stories or words heard by the subjects.
Can a few words or items in a room affect the way you behave? They can, maybe a lot. At least that’s what a recent Yale study on Automaticity
of Social Behavior suggests.
In the experiment that became eponymous with the Florida effect, subjects were asked to arrange some words in a sentence. One group of subjects was given random words while the other group had words that could be associated with the elderly. “Florida” was one of them, and the “forgetful”, “bald “, “gray” and “Wrinkle”, “retired”, “one month vacations”, “grandchildren ” and “mortgage payment”.
Once they have finished setting up the words, subjects were asked to walk along a small hallway to another room to fill out a form. The researchers timed how long it took to go through the lobby and found out that people who had the old-related words walked more slowly than those who had neutral words. They walked slowly even if in the previous interview they said that they do not feel old in any way. Also, none of them noticed a specific theme (old related) among the words they have just arranged. This is how the Florida effect was born.
Is priming and the Florida effect real?
Priming is a relatively controversial topic. Psychologists complain that successful trials on priming are rarely repeatable. Studies indicating that priming does not work are published more frequently than those that show it actually works, creating a concept seemingly more solid than it’s worth. Previous experiments have shown that subliminal ads influence the way we choose to buy things, so the human mind can be influenced without us knowing it. For me, this means that priming and Florida effect are plausible and future experiments will probably determine their veracity.
image source: http://shono.deviantart.com


Custer’s Last Stand
Military intelligence is the mechanism of collecting data and examining the information for policymaking by the executive arm of government and military chains of command. It helps to realize three aims: gauge the evaluation effect (opponents’ abilities and objectives); boost the performance of the nation’s arms systems and lower the performance of the adversaries’ arms (operational effect); and when an army has secret information about prevention and usurpation on their enemy (relative effect), they can use that data to their advantage (Pecht & Tishler, 2015). The Battle of the Little Bighorn, also described as Custer’s Last Stand, ensued in the hills, sharp cliffs, and ravines of the Little Bighorn River, in late June 1876 (Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, 2019). This essay will compare or contrast the use of military intelligence and describe the effect intelligence operations had or didn’t have on the outcomes of the Battle of Little Bighorn.
Summary of Both Subjects
Jitters between the two factions had been gradually increasing since gold was found on Native American soil. When various tribes missed the opportunity, they had been given to move their territory, the U.S. Army, led by George Armstrong Custer and his 7th Calvary was sent fast to challenge them. Custer did not know how many Indians were fighting under the direction of Sitting Bull at Little Bighorn, and the former’s soldiers were the minority. They were humiliated and beaten in what is now remembered as Custer’s Last Stand. Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse, rulers of the Sioux on the Great Plains, firmly opposed the mid-19TH century attempts of the U.S. officials to restrict their fellow tribesmen to Indian territories. When the gold was discovered the U.S. Army disregarded earlier treaty accords and raided the area. This dishonesty caused many Sioux and Cheyenne clans to team up with Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse in Montana. In total, the Native Americans were more than 10,000 against Custer’s 800 troops who entered the Little Bighorn Valley without waiting for more troops to arrive and provide them with backup (Karcher, 2004).


17.3: Nitration of Benzene (an EAS Reaction)
- Page ID
Nitration of Benzene
Sulfuric acid catalyzes the nitration of benzene. It is important to note the chemical formula for the nitrate group bonded to benzene is -NO2. The chemical formula and name are assigned from an organic chemistry perspective which does not align with the inorganic perspective.
Step 1: Nitric acid (HNO3) is protonated by sulfuric acid which causes the loss of a water molecule and formation of a nitronium ion, a strong electrophile.
Steps 2 and 3: Two pi electrons from benzene form a sigma bond with the nitronium ion to create the sigma complex. Bisulfate deprotonates the sigma complex to restore the aromatic ring as shown below.
6. Draw an energy diagram for the nitration of benzene. Draw the intermediates, starting materials, and products. Label the transition states.
Contributors and Attributions
Dr. Dietmar Kennepohl FCIC (Professor of Chemistry, Athabasca University)
Prof. Steven Farmer (Sonoma State University)
William Reusch, Professor Emeritus (Michigan State U.), Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry
- Catherine Nguyen


Insects locate many resources important to survival by tracking along wind-borne odor plumes to their source. It is well known that plumes are patchy distributions of high concentration packets of odor interspersed with clean air, not smooth Gaussian distributions of odor intensity. This realization has been crucial to our understanding of plume-tracking behavior, because insect locomotory movements and sensory processing typically take place in the range of tens to hundreds of milliseconds, permitting them to respond to the rapid changes in odor concentration they experience in plumes. Because odor plumes are not comprised of smooth concentration gradients, they cannot provide the directional information necessary to allow plume-tracking insects to steer toward the source. Many experiments have shown that, in the species examined, successful source location requires two sensory inputs: the presence of the attractive odor and the detection of the direction of the wind bearing that odor. All plume-tracking insects use the wind direction as the primary directional cue that enables them to steer their movements toward the odor source. Experimental manipulations of the presence and absence of the odor, and the presence, absence, or direction of the wind during plume tracking, have begun to resolve the relationship between these two sensory inputs and how they shape the maneuvers we observe. Experiments, especially those undertaken in the natural wind and odor environments of the organisms in question and those directed at understanding the neural processing that underlie plume tracking, promise to enhance our understanding of this remarkable behavior.


Time to go for long walks after dinner, hiking on the weekend, and lounging in the backyard. Your pets are sure to meet many friends in their springtime adventures! One friend that is not welcomed warmly is TICKS!
What are ticks, and why do they bother us so much?
Ticks are part of the arachnid family and feed on the blood of their host. They are efficient carriers of disease because they attach firmly and feed slowly, meaning they may go unnoticed for quite a while.
The life cycle of the tick happens in four stages: the egg, the six-legged larva, the eight-legged nymph, and the adult stage. Females can have 3000-6000 eggs at a time!
How does your furry family member get ticks?
Ticks wait longingly for a host, sitting on the tips of grasses and shrubs until a moving human or pet brush them. The tick will then crawl from vegetation to the host, they cannot jump or fly.
Did you know that there are at least 15 species of ticks, and at least 4 of them currently in our region?
The American dog tick (wood tick), lone star tick (turkey tick), deer tick (black-legged tick), and the Brown dog tick (kennel tick) are the most common species of ticks that you will see in our region. You begin to see them when the ground temperature is 7.2 degrees Celsius or higher.
Call us today at 905-664-4888 to find out the many ways you can protect your pet from these pesky pets!
Written by Briarwood Animal Hospital


As of right now, the only scales we have covered are those with 7 different pitch classes with a repeat of a note at the octave.
But there are other common scales that use less notes.
The pentatonic scale (the “penta” prefix meaning “five”) is a scale built from 5 different pitches within its pitch class collection with a repeat at the octave. This scale is commonly used in many genres of music from rock, to jazz, folk, pop, world, etc.
A good argument as to why these scales are so widely used is because they avoid certain dissonances. You will see why shortly.
First, let’s start by building the major pentatonic scale.
A major pentatonic scale is made up of a pattern of notes set apart from each other in an ascending manner of M2-M2-m3-M2-m3 from the root to the octave:
Notice how the scale and intervallic distances do not contain anything to form dissonances (m2, A4, d5, M7, etc.). Also, take a look at how the scale is very similar to that of a regular major scale, but is missing the fourth and seventh scale degrees.
Just like every major scale has a relative natural minor scale, so will every major pentatonic scale have a relative minor pentatonic scale.
To build a minor pentatonic scale, you just have to use the same pitch class collections as the relative major pentatonic scale, but start on the sixth scale degree. Or, you can also build it by using the intervallic pattern of m3-M2-M2-m3-M2:
Similarly, it looks like a natural minor scale, but it is missing a few members. Hence, that is why the pentatonic scale is called “penta;” because it is 2 pitches short of a major or natural minor scale, making it 5 instead of 7.
Thank you so much for taking the time to read! Feel free to comment, share, and subscribe for more daily tips below! Till next time.


Scavenger Hunt Cube Printable
Scavenger hunts are so fun! The Scavenger Hunt Cube is a great activity for the whole family, no matter your age. It’s a fun way to get kids moving and learning all at once.
They boost their observation skills all while learning in a fun & relaxing way. Let’s be honest – it’s way more fun to hunt for the color red or a triangle than writing it out on paper.
Here is our unique spin on a scavenger hunt! Our Sensory Activity Cube was so popular that we got inspire to create this:
How to make it:
Step 1 – Print the printable (link below).
Step 2 – Cut the outer shape.
Step 3 – Fold the cube shape on dotted lines.
Step 4 – Apply glue to designated areas. (you can also tape the cube).
Tip: It’s easier to do one flap at a time.
Step 5 – Fold the cube.
How to play:
Here’s how to play the game. Let your child throw both dice. On one, it will tell them what they need to find. On the other dice, they’ll see a number. That’s the number of items they need to find.
You can also print one cube per child and have them do a fun competition of who finds their own objects faster.
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There are four basic types of flexible circuits, varying in degrees of complexity. These three types of circuits can be used in different combinations to solve most every interconnection design problem.
The simplest circuits are single-sided flexible circuits. They provide maximum flexibility for dynamic applications and can withstand hundreds of millions of flex cycles These simple circuits are also the most easily adaptable to SMT, TAB, and other developments in circuit technology.
Double-sided circuits are somewhat limited in their capacity to flex because of a thicker, more complex level of design. The ability to interconnect between sides using through-hole plating helps double-sided circuits carry complex designs, and still maintain flexibility
Multilayer circuits are ideal for complex, highly populated design requirements. Large numbers of conductors can be designed into a small package. Flexibility may be somewhat limited, de pending on the number of layers in the design. These multi-layer circuits are ideal for rigid/flex designs, combining a multilayer flex circuit with a hard board.
Multilayer circuits are the ideal problem-solving technology when confronted with design challenges like unavoidable crossovers, specific impedance requirements, elimination of crosstalk in sensitive circuits, additional shielding or ground planes, and high component density.
Rigid-Flex circuits are circuits combination of Rigid circuit and Flex circuits. So it have both the advantage of each other and it's newest types used in various applications


Why is Magnesium Important?
Magnesium is a mineral and electrolyte that plays an essential role in over 300 chemical reactions in the body, including muscle relaxation, bone development, maintaining energy levels, and supporting cardiovascular health
According to recent studies, over 50% of Americans are magnesium deficient.2,4,5
. Inadequate intake of dietary magnesium may play a role in numerous conditions including insomnia, fatigue, irritability, insulin resistance, and high blood pressure.1-5
Fortunately, magnesium deficiency is easy to fix because there are many foods that contain this nutrient.
How to Get More Magnesium
Foods that have a significant amount of magnesium include nuts, seeds, whole grains, legumes (e.g. beans, lentils, peanuts), and dark leafy greens. Although having smaller amounts of magnesium, 100% orange juice
can contribute to magnesium intake.
Benefits of Magnesium
Magnesium has been studied for its role in depression, migraine headaches, type 2 diabetes, asthma, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases.1-5
- Magnesium as a muscle relaxer: : Magnesium works as a natural muscle relaxer.2,3 For this reason, it may help with muscle cramps.
- Magnesium for heart health: Magnesium is a vasodilator, which means it helps to open blood vessels to decrease blood pressure.2,3 Research has shown positive associations between higher intakes of magnesium and lower risk of hypertension, heart attack, and stroke.1-5


Congenital microvillous atrophy
Microvillous inclusion disease, also known as Davidson's disease, congenital microvillous atrophy and, less specifically, microvillous atrophy, is a rare genetic disorder of the small intestine that is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.
* Watery diarrhea * Electrolyte imbalance * Failure to thrive
* Microvillus atrophy is an autosomal recessive disease, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. * In contrast to other congenital secretory diarrheas, polyhydramnios has not been noticed. This suggests that some environmental factor triggers the disease in a newborn who previously apparently healthy. * At least 5 patients with congenital microvillus atrophy have presented clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of dihydropyrimidinase deficiency. In 2 of these patients, the enzymatic defect was demonstrated. Whether this association can be caused by a contiguous gene syndrome remains speculative. * The clinical course of isolated dihydropyrimidinase deficiency varies, but most patients present with neurologic signs.
Diagnosis in utero is currently not possible as the gene(s) involved in the disease was only recently discovered to be MYO5b; diagnosis is made by biopsy of the small intestine
It is nearly always fatal unless, like short bowel syndrome patients, treated with parenteral nutrition or an intestinal transplant. The patient is often classified as being in "intestinal failure" and treated with the cohort of patients known as "short bowel syndrome" patients.


In September 2016, a Cool Room was set up in the school. It is a safe space where autistic children or students with other behavioural or emotional difficulties can access when they are in a distressed state or are perceived to be a threat to themselves or other students. Some children will independently ask for a break to access the room while others may need a visual prompt to show them they need a break.
In the Cool Room, children have the opportunity to self-regulate in a secure, quiet and calm environment. Children can access therabands for deep pressure activities, a sand tray, a beanbag and other objects and each child has their own individual shelf containing a collection of objects of special interest for themselves. Gymnasium mats have been pasted to the walls in order to avoid injury and to ensure the safety of the child.
The Cool Room has been fitted with special blinds and a dimmer lighting system which helps create a low arousal environment that is conducive for self-regulation. There is an observation window on the door of the room and a child is always accompanied by a teacher and/or SNA on their journey both to and from the room. The Cool Room is generally used for a short period of time, and children are encouraged to return to class as soon as the room is no longer necessary. Its use is in line with a clear, staged approach to the management of pupils’ behaviour where emphasis is placed on preventative measures to stop a situation from escalating.


Clean air is essential for maintaining good health, especially in the workplace. Exposure to harmful air pollutants can lead to various health problems, including respiratory disease, cancer, and heart disease. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indoor air pollution can be two to five times higher than outdoor air pollution, making it crucial to ensure clean air in the workplace.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) sets standards for air quality in the workplace to protect workers from harmful airborne contaminants. Organizations must monitor air quality and control pollutants, including implementing ventilation systems and providing personal protective equipment (PPE) when necessary.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), respiratory illnesses account for a significant portion of workplace illnesses. Construction, manufacturing, and healthcare workers are mainly at risk for respiratory illnesses due to exposure to dust, chemicals, and other pollutants.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends several strategies for improving indoor air quality in the workplace, including proper ventilation, regular cleaning and maintenance of HVAC systems, and reducing or eliminating the use of harmful chemicals.
The EPA’s Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) program provides resources and guidance to help organizations improve indoor air quality. The IAQ program recommends identifying and controlling sources of pollution, increasing ventilation, and using air-cleaning devices when necessary.
Organizations can also educate their people about the importance of clean air in the workplace and encourage them to report any concerns about air quality or potential sources of pollution.
Clean air is essential for maintaining good health and safety in the workplace. Organizations must take proactive measures to monitor and control air quality, including implementing ventilation systems and providing PPE when necessary. By following guidelines set forth by OSHA, NIOSH, EPA, and other organizations, organizations can help ensure people work in a safe and healthy environment.


We are sharing Short The Goose That Laid The Golden Eggs Story with Moral for kids and students for classes 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
The Goose with The Golden Eggs Story in English with Moral
Once there was a farmer. He had a wonderful goose. It laid a golden egg every day. He sold the eggs and got very rich. But soon he grew greedy. He wanted more and more money. He wanted to be the richest man overnight. He thought there were many golden eggs stored inside the goose. He wanted to have all these golden eggs in one day. Then he would sell them and become the richest farmer. One day he took a very sharp knife and instantly killed the goose and then cut open its stomach. But to his great shock and surprise, there was blood and flesh and no golden eggs. He was very much disappointed and sad. By killing the goose he lost both the golden egg every day and the goose. He repented but it was of no His greed had led him to such an unfortunate state.
Moral of The Goose with The Golden Eggs Story:
-Too much greed always leads to great loss
Dear viewers, Hope you like the moral story and Please let us know by commenting below.


Scampi is a culinary name for some species of lobster, notably the ‘true’ scampi Nephrops norvegicus, and is also used as a name for a style of preparation of these lobsters and other seafood.
In both the United Kingdom and the USA, the word has come to define the method of preparation rather than the ingredient, although referring to quite different methods in the two countries.
In the United Kingdom, “scampi” refers to a dish of shelled lobster tail meat, that commonly comes prepared coated in breadcrumbs or batter, deep fried, and often served with chips, peas and Tartar sauce. In the Southern Hemisphere, other species of lobster are used instead, such as Metanephrops challengeri.
In the USA, “scampi” is often the menu name for shrimp in Italian-American cuisine (the actual word for “shrimp” in Italian is gambero or gamberetto, plural gamberi or gamberetti). The term “Scampi”, by itself, is also the name of a dish of shrimp served in garlic butter and dry white wine, served either with bread, or over pasta or rice. The word “scampi” is often construed as that style of preparation rather than an ingredient, with that preparation being called “shrimp scampi”, and with variants such as “chicken scampi”.
Tagged: dinner, foodimentary, lobster scampi, scampi, shrimp scampi
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UC Libraries Commemorates Juneteenth
On June 17, 2021, President Joe Biden signed a bill making Juneteenth an American federal holiday. The University of Cincinnati Libraries commemorated the day with an online event, R.E.S.P.E.C.T. Each Other: The Lasting Impact of Juneteenth, that focused on the history of the holiday and its lasting impact on United States’ culture and society. The interactive session introduced conversations around slavery, racism and modern-day injustices. A prepared presentation included interviews with formerly enslaved people, videos of culture, music and poetry. Participants were encouraged to reflect on and share their thoughts and feelings on these topics in a safe space environment.
The event was organized by the newly formed Racial Equity Support & Programming to Educate the Community Team (RESPECT), a UC Libraries committee charged with developing external programming that explicitly addresses the role that systemic racism plays in our society. Future events will be promoted and freely open to the public.
To learn more about Juneteenth, check out these UC Libraries resources:
- Barrett, A. P. (1999). Juneteenth!: celebrating freedom in Texas. Eakin Press. E-book: https://uc.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=27793
- Ellison, R. (2021). Juneteenth: A Novel. Random House Publishing Group. Langsam Library, call number: PS3555.L625 J86 1999
- Gordon-Reed, A. (2021). On Juneteenth. Liveright Publishing Corporation, a division of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. Book will be in the library soon.
- Taylor, C. A., & Taylor, C. A. (2002). Juneteenth: a celebration of freedom. Open Hand Pub. Langsam Library, call number: E185.93.T4 T39 1995
- Africana Studies LibGuide – https://guides.libraries.uc.edu/Africana
- CECH Library Anti-Racism LibGuide Audit. This guide provides information on the CECH Library’s Anti-Racism LibGuide Audit and links to audited guides and resources, as well as tools and the process overview.
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Degassing and Decontamination
Degassing and decontamination is a single step process designed for fast and efficient—and therefore economical—process plant cleaning.
Using an enhanced steaming technique in which chemicals are injected into the steam stream, we are able to clean large process vessels, reactors, exchangers, and interconnecting piping. Degassing and decontamination is most often used for post-operational cleaning to remove H2S, benzene, LELs, pyrophoric iron, mercaptans, and ammonia.
Degassing is a chemical cleaning technique that reduces the hazards of dangerous gaseous elements inside petro-chemical processing equipment. To improve the degassing process, it is often recommended that decontamination (solvent circulation) precede degassing to minimize the source of contamination (e.g., sludge, heavy deposits, etc.). Using FQE® Chemicals specially designed chemicals can provide a safe environment for vessel maintenance. This process reduces both the amount of waste and human exposure to dangerous substances during cleaning and maintenance work.
Learn more about degassing chemicals
More Degassing & Decontamination Content
Degassing requires a preparatory injection of plant steam into the vessels to bring the system temperature up to a sufficient level (~90oC) in order to increase the effect of the chemistry and ensure that the maximum amount of organic material will be removed. The higher temperature helps loosen any of the system contaminants and expedite their removal. The chemistry, mixed with the steam, travels upward through the vessels before condensing and cascading down the vessel walls. In order to confirm proper chemical distribution, the chemistry should be exiting from both the top of the vessel with the steam, and from the bottom of the vessel as condensate.
The precise steam flow rates and combined chemical injection rates that are required are determined during the detailed engineering and procedure generation process. Steam phase cleaning can target the removal of LELs, H2S, iron sulphide, ammonia, and mercaptans.
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Looking for more information on this service line? Click the button to be taken to our contact form. For additional information like brochures and case studies, visit our Resource Library


Autism is a lifelong developmental disability. A disability is a physical or mental need that makes it hard to do some things. People with autism can find it hard to communicate and interact.
Autism is a spectrum condition and affects people in different ways. Like all people, autistic people have their own strengths and weaknesses.
Difficulties that autistic people may have are:
There are also lots of positive features about autism:
If you feel that your child has difficulties with social communication and you would like to discuss this with school, please feel free to phone the school number 01924 302875 and ask for Mrs Fowles (SENDCo). We can talk about how we can work together to ensure that you and your child are supported. If you would like to proceed with a request for a Social communication assessment, I can refer for this and support you through the process.
Please click on the links below for more information and support.
Click here for a child friendly video that explains Autism in a simple way
Click here for a virtual sensory workshop for parents to access from home for sensory information and strategies to trial.
Click here for parents and carers to access any further learning materials and courses for post diagnosis.
Please also refer to the sub page "Parent support. For parents of children with SEND" for agencies that can advise and support you through this process.


Evidence For Yoga And Mindfulness In Schools
As we wind up this month with Advances in School Mental Health Promotion Journal , we turn to a topic that is very much in the news: bringing Yoga and Mindfulness practices into schools, and applying these techniques to school mental health. This week brings us three pieces dealing with different components of developing and implementing these interventions:
- A study on developing a 20-session yoga intervention for at-risk high school youth that showed “students reported improved mood and a high degree of satisfaction with the intervention” but also showed the logistical challenges involved in doing Yoga as an intervention in a real-world school setting.
- A study of a mindfulness intervention in 3 New Zealand elementary schools (n=124) that found that “Changes in mindfulness were positively related to changes in well-being. The study results suggest the importance of offering mindfulness-based programs for potential improvements in students’ well-being.” and
- A randomized trial that applied a 6-session of yoga and mindfulness for Baltimore public school teachers that helped teachers reduce their stress level.
All 3 of these studies add to a small but growing evidence base for these practices. What do you think, are you using Yoga and Mindfulness practices in your school social work practice?


5 programming languages used for open source software
The advancement of the technology industry and internet usage in everyday life has increased drastically since the invention of the internet. Continue reading “5 programming languages used for open source software”
What are the advantages of Open Source?
The Open Source is a name of trust and quality. It is, therefore, the new brand of the internet. The best part of the Open Source program is the fact that it has 0 costing. It saves time and allows the users to overcome the problems which most of the paid programs cannot. Continue reading “What are the advantages of Open Source?”
List of the Open Source software programs every user should know
The Open Source programs are an essential part of our internet and in some cases everyday life. It is all because of the fact that the programs are known for the quality and reliability which is embedded in these. Continue reading “List of the Open Source software programs every user should know”
What is Open Source software?
As the name suggests the word open source means a program which can be modified by anyone as per his needs and demands. It is because the design of the program is publically available and can be used by anyone to get the program worked as he needs. The best part of the program is that it is free of charge most of the times. Continue reading “What is Open Source software?”


What is Plantar Fasciitis?
Plantar Fasciitis is one of the most common injuries that runners get and if not treated correctly it can mean an end to active running. There are an awful lot of myths out there about Plantar Fasciitis So Bad I Can’t Walk. The condition is not caused by trauma or by the wrong shoes or by a heel spur.
It is a mechanical condition. There a numerous variations but the main one is a sharp pain in the inside/front portion of the heel bone that can extend into the midfoot.
The tissue that connects the heel bone and the joint of the big toe is your Plantar Fascia and is make from similar tissue to tendons and ligaments. It is the foundation of your arch. The Plantar Fascia has a limited flexibility. Which is needed as part of the ‘shock absorbing’ part of the arch as the foot pronates. Pronation is a combination of internal rotation of the shin, rolling of the heel and other foot movements.
When a person is an over-pronator the Plantar Fascia is over stretched. Remember this happens every time you take a step. So in a runner the problem is increase due to the increased mileage and force applied to the Plantar Fascia.
Plantar Fasciitis doesn’t occur out of the blue, it builds up over years. The pain that people with Plantar Fasciitis experience occurs when the stretching of the Plantar Fascia has caused an inflammation of the attachment of the Plantar Fascia to the heel bone. The reason that Plantar Fasciitis is at its most painful, usually in the morning. Or after long periods of sitting down, is because the Plantar Fascia has had a chance to tighten again.
This is why any effective treatment needs to address the biomechanical deficiencies of your walking. And running if conservative treatment is to be successful. Stretching, massage and taping may also needed but it all depends on the individual case. Also, although bad footwear doesn’t cause Plantar Fasciitis, good correctly fitting shoes do ease Plantar Fasciitis so a running shoe assessment is advise.


Africans love stories. Sometimes they retell Bible stories
in an African way. So The Parable of the Prodigal Son becomes The Parable of the
Merciful Father with an emphasis on God’s boundless love and forgiveness. An
African reading or interpretation of the story offers additional insights
related to the African values of community and unity. Due to his wild and
dissolute living, the younger son is outside the unity of his extended family
circle. This creates separation and incompleteness. When the older son complains
that he has not been rewarded for being faithful, he fails to understand his
father’s explanation that he is already part of the extended family community,
that he is already on the "inside." "’Son, you are always with me, and all that
is mine is yours" (Luke 15:31). The love and compassion of the father is so
great that he wants to immediately bring his marginalized younger son back
inside the family circle. An Oromo (Ethiopia) and Kipsigis (Kenya) proverb says
No matter how skinny, the son always belongs to the father. Here the core values
of community and forgiveness come together.
An added African touch is found in the painting of this
prodigal son story in the Life of Jesus Mafa Series from Cameroon in West
Africa. Against the background of traditional Mafa huts and hills, the whole
family runs out to welcome the younger son when he returns. Both the father and
the mother warmly embrace the almost naked boy. The emotion-filled mother
expresses special joy and excitement. The son is welcomed back with "prodigal"
love by both of his devoted parents. The family circle is complete again.


The main way that people are exposed to mercury is by eating fish and shellfish that have high levels of methylmercury, a highly toxic form of mercury, in their tissues. A less common way people are exposed to mercury is breathing mercury vapor. This can happen when mercury is released from a mercury-containing product or device that breaks. Mercury-containing Amalgam fillings, especially when older and brittle, are also a cause of mercury exposure. Through chewing or grinding teeth, the less toxic elemental mercury can be released. When entering the digestive tract, the action of putrefactive bacteria can change elemental mercury to the highly toxic methylmercury.
Mercury exposure at high levels can harm the brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, and immune system of people of all ages. High levels of methylmercury in the bloodstream of babies developing in the womb and young children may harm their developing nervous systems, affecting their ability to think and learn.
Mercury is a known neurotoxin. Exposure symptoms depend on a variety of factors, including:
The effects of mercury exposure can be very severe, subtle, or may not occur at all, depending on the factors above.
Elemental mercury: People may be exposed when they breathe air containing elemental mercury vapors. Vapors may be present in such workplaces as dental offices, smelting operations, and locations where mercury has been spilled or released.
Higher exposures may also cause kidney effects, respiratory failure and death.
Infants in the womb can be exposed to methylmercury when their mothers eat fish and shellfish that contain methylmercury or are exposed to mercury fumes through dental work. This exposure can adversely affect unborn infants' growing brains and nervous systems, affecting cognitive development, memory, attention, language, fine motor skills, and visual spatial skills.
Today's focus on the health impact of exposure to mercury is more on chronic, low or moderate grade exposure - albeit a topic of great controversy -, not high concentration exposure by methylmercury, which caused Minamata disease.


Mapping Your Broiler
Every broiler is different, and it's important to know how the position of your food in the oven will affect the finished dish.
Uneven broiler heat is a fact of kitchen life; even with identical oven models, we’ve found individual quirks. But in general, most broilers tend to heat up the center and back of the oven, leaving the sides and front cool. To be sure about your oven’s heating pattern, make a "map" by lining a baking sheet with white bread and toasting it under the broiler. The different degrees of browning with provide an accurate representation of the oven's hot spots and cooler regions, so you can position food accordingly (and, if necessary, switch it partway through cooking).
HOW TO MAKE A BROILER "MAP":
1. Position the oven rack 4 inches from the broiler element and heat the broiler. Line the entire surface of a large baking sheet with a single layer of white bread slices.
2. Place the bread in the oven under the heated broiler. Cook until all of the slices have started to brown (some pieces may turn black—if the bread starts to smoke, remove the baking sheet immediately). Remove the baking sheet from the oven, being careful to make a note of its orientation.
3. Take a photo of your broiler map and keep it near your oven.


James Brown, The Godfather of Soul, is a legend that provided inspiration for many musical giants of today. Though his roots lie in gospel, Brown’s work, often described as funk/R&B/ soul, remains at the forefront of every musical genre, pop, rap, jazz, rock and dance. His style came to symbolize a precursor for all that has followed, with proof of his influences witnessed in acts ranging from Michael Jackson, MC Hammer, Usher to the Rolling Stones and The Beatles. Brown’s extraordinary talent had an effect on our entire culture for over five decades.
Born in Snelling, South Carolina on May 3, 1933, Brown established such a self determination after dropping out of the seventh grade he began educating himself in music. At age 20, Brown joined Bobby Byrd and created a group called The Famous Flames which advanced to international acclaim.
Brown used his music to break boundaries of racial segregation that enveloped the United States in the 1950’s. Both blacks and whites became engrossed in the new musical phenomena, a sound once considered strictly “black music.” In 1956, Brown released “Please, Please, Please” a song that surged to #6 on the R&B charts. Since then, he recorded 75 R&B Top 20 Hits (17 of which reached #1) and has sold over 75 million records penning hits like “Papa’s got a brand new bag”, I Feel Good”, Say it loud, I’m Black and Proud”, and “Living in America.”
Brown proved to be one of the most important black persons of the 60’s and 70’s. His words alone could spark social unrest, as in the 1968 racial riots. He continued speaking against racism, sexism and the need for improved education until his death Christmas Day 2006. James Brown, a musical icon, was also a servant leader who was committed to giving back to others.


Managing childhood food allergies has long been a challenge for parents and physicians alike. A 2011 study by Gupta et al., published in the journal Pediatrics, found that 8% of children under the age of 18 have a food allergy, with peanut being the most prevalent allergen. Over one third of these children have severe and potentially life-threatening reactions. Peanut and tree nut allergies account for the majority of life-threatening reactions, and the prevalence of peanut allergy appears to be increasing, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI). Some aspects of the allergic reaction may be determined by the region in which one resides. Research published in the November 2010 issue of the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (JACI) by Vereda and colleagues, demonstrated that peanut allergies have a different molecular basis in different geographic regions of the world. This may be due, in part, to varying pollen exposure, as well as the child’s age when peanuts are introduced into the diet.
In 2000, the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines suggested that children should be introduced to more highly allergenic foods at older ages (such as milk after age 1, peanuts and fish after age 3), in order to prevent the development of food allergies. New recommendations by the AAAAI, however, include earlier exposure as a way to decrease the likelihood of food allergies. The organization suggests a slow introduction of these foods earlier in life, beginning soon after initial foods such as grains, fruits and vegetables, have been introduced and tolerated.
When children do become allergic, current interventions are focusing on decreasing the allergic response and altering the immune system itself. A study by Varshney et al. in the March 2011 issue of JACI was the first randomized, placebo-controlled study looking at oral immunotherapy (OIT), also known as desensitization, in the reduction of allergic response to peanuts. OIT also changes the immune system’s response to the peanut. They found that, after one year, all of the subjects using OIT were able to ingest significantly more peanut protein than those receiving the placebo. Desensitization to peanuts was also accompanied by peanut-specific immunologic changes. This new research is encouraging for parents and physicians of children with severe food allergies. While earlier introduction of potential allergens is now recommended in order to decrease the likelihood that children will develop allergies, there are also new treatments on the horizon for those who develop allergic responses to foods.


A dam collapsed Friday near Brumadinho, Brazil, leaving at least 60 people dead and hundreds missing. About a hundred survivors were found as of Saturday afternoon, but the possibility of finding more beneath feet of mud had grown “minimal,” according to the governor of the southeastern state of Minas Gerais, where Brumadinho is located, the Guardian reports.
The dam, owned by mining company Vale, was holding back tailings from iron ore mining. It collapsed as some workers were eating lunch in a nearby restaurant that was quickly buried under mud.
The disaster is a repeat nightmare for the region: Another mining dam burst three years earlier, just 75 miles (121 km) away in the same state of Minas Gerais, killing 19 people and causing what is considered the worst environmental disaster in Brazil’s history. That dam, near the city of Mariana, was owned jointly by Vale and the Australian multinational BHP Billiton.
On Nov. 5, 2015, millions of liters of mining waste from extracting iron ore were unleashed from that dam, burying close to 400 homes. Documents reported by the Guardian suggest the dam’s owners knew about the possibility of a catastrophic collapse as much as six months earlier.
The Brazilian environmental agency Ibama has fined Vale (link in Portuguese) $66 million for violations caused by Friday’s collapse, including contaminating the local water supply, making the area unfit for habitation, and for causing pollution that “may result in damage to human health.”
Newly inaugurated Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro called the collapse a “grave tragedy” on Twitter yesterday (link in Portuguese). Bolsonaro ran his presidential campaign on a radically pro-industry platform, promising to weaken environmental protections in the Amazon rainforest and to open more indigenous lands to mining.
Bolsonaro likened indigenous reserves in the Amazon to “chickenpox” and promised that “there won’t be a square centimeter demarcated as an indigenous reserve” under his leadership.
This post was updated to reflect the death toll rose to at least 60.


Diabetes Specialist Dietitian
What diabetes dietitians help with:
Diabetes dietitians can help you manage your diabetes, for example to improve your blood glucose levels. They can help you to achieve a healthy diet and lifestyle in the best way for you and your diabetes. Managing your diabetes is very important to lower the risk of complications later.
Some diabetes dietitians also research the effects of diet on diabetes management.
Who do diabetes dietitians help?
Diabetes dietitians can support you at any age if you or your family have type 1 and type 2 diabetes. They can also support you with gestational diabetes (high blood glucose levels during pregnancy).
How do diabetes dietitians work?
Your diabetes dietitian will usually work as part of your healthcare team. They will help you improve your knowledge and confidence in managing your diabetes. Your diabetes dietitian may work with you one-to-one or in a group, often as part of a diabetes education programme.
They will help you to understand how your diet affects your diabetes and to consider the options available to you, then make a plan so that you can make changes to achieve your goals.
Your dietitian may also be able to adjust or prescribe any diabetes medications you need.
Where do diabetes dietitians work?
You are likely to see your diabetes dietitian in hospital, your GP practice, in your home or another community venue.
Some diabetes dietitians also work in universities, research centres, charities and the commercial sector.
You can also pay to see a diabetes dietitian in private practice.
- For more information on how dietitians help with type 1 diabetes here and type 2 diabetes here
- If you would like further support in managing your weight, you can find this here
- To learn more about diabetes, visit the Diabetes UK website here
Are you a BDA member dietitian working or interested in diabetes management? If so, why not join the BDA Diabetes Specialist Group.


Effects of acclimation on poststocking dispersal of age-1 pallid sturgeon
Oldenburg, Eric William
MetadataShow full item record
A propagation program for pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus in the upper Missouri River was implemented by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1997. Preliminary research indicated that many hatchery-reared pallid sturgeon were experiencing significant downstream poststocking dispersal, negatively affecting their recruitment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acclimation to flow and site-specific physicochemical water conditions on poststocking dispersal and physiological condition of age-1 pallid sturgeon. Fish from three acclimation treatments were radio-tagged, released at two locations (Missouri River and Marias River), and monitored using passive remote telemetry stations. Marias treatment was acclimated to flow and site-specific physicochemical conditions in tanks along the Marias River. Bozeman treatment was acclimated to flow in tanks at the Bozeman Fish Technology Center (BFTC), and traditional treatment had no acclimation (reared at the BFTC under traditional protocol). During both years fish released in the Missouri River dispersed less than fish released in the Marias River. In 2005, Marias treatment dispersed less and nearly twice as many fish remained in the Missouri River reach than traditional treatment.In 2006, pallid sturgeon dispersed similarly among treatments and fish remaining in the Missouri River reach were similar among all treatments. Differences in poststocking dispersal between years may be related to fin curl. Fin curl was present in all fish in 2005 and 27% of the fish in 2006. Pallid sturgeon from all treatments in both years had a greater affinity for the lower reaches of the Missouri River than the upper reaches. This area consists of more fines and sand substrate as opposed to gravel and cobble in the upper reaches. Thus, habitat at release site influenced poststocking dispersal more than acclimation treatment. No difference was observed in relative growth rate among treatments in 2006. However, acclimation to flow (i.e., exercise conditioning) may reduce liver fat content. Acclimation conditions used in this study may not benefit pallid sturgeon unless fin curl or fatty liver are present. It is evident from this study that natural resource agencies need to consider stocking location carefully to reduce poststocking dispersal.


ARCHAEOLOGY PROJECT UNCOVERS ROMAN ENGRAVED GEMS NEAR HADRIAN’S WALL
The Uncovering Roman Carlisle project has been conducting a community supported excavation at the Carlisle Cricket Club, where the team have been excavating a Roman bath house after its initial discovery in 2017 by archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong.
The bath house is located near the Roman fort of Uxelodunum (meaning "high fort"), also known as Petriana, in the Carlisle district of Stanwix. Uxelodunum was constructed to control the territories west of present-day Carlisle and the vital crossing at the River Eden.
It was located behind the Hadrianic barrier, with the Wall forming its northern defences and its long axis parallel to the Wall. The fort was garrisoned by the Ala Petriana, a 1,000-strong cavalry unit, whose members were all granted Roman citizenship for valour on the field.
The engraved gems known as intaglios date from the late 2nd century or 3rd century AD, which includes an amethyst depicting Venus holding a flower or a mirror, and a red-brown jasper featuring a satyr.
Excavations also found more than 40 women's hairpins, 35 glass beads, a clay Venus figure, animal bones, and imperial-stamped tiles - suggesting that the bathhouse was a monumental construction used by not just the garrison of Uxelodunum, but Roman elite living near near the fort and the fort of Luguvalium, located a short distance away now beneath Carlisle Castle.


Bringing Power to India’s Poorest Women Workers
How many times do we need to prove that poor women are bankable? asks Jayshree Vyas, managing director of the SEWA bank.
In the case of this cooperative bank it has proven that about 97 per cent of its lenders meet their repayments a better rate than any commercial bank in India.The bank grew out of the need for the poorest women in India, those who make their living as rag pickers, or vegetable vendors or as bidi workers who make their living hand rolling cigarettes.
It is owned by the all women membership based organisation of the Self-Employed Womens Association (SEWA) and was established to help provide funding for women who would otherwise not be granted access to banking services. For some women it helps them out of the debt trap, a commonplace situation that many poor Indian women find themselves in. SEWA itself is a trade union and is the one protection mechanism these poorest of female workers have against economic forces greater than themselves. More than 1.3 million women who are part of this unprotected labour force in India have joined SEWA. In India, about 93 per cent of its workforce operates in this zone of employment where they have little or no security and to exist on a subsistence basis is a challenge. But, the work of the SEWA founder, Elaben Bhatt, has had some success in putting more power into the hands of these impoverished women. The Gandhian practitioner of non-violence and self-reliance has made significant inroads in her country as well as offshore into raising awareness of extreme poverty.
As Bhatt told a high level session of the United Nations in 2008: Poverty is powerlessness. Poverty cannot be removed unless the poor have power to make decisions that affect their lives.
IYC Yearbook feature: https://ica.coop/en/iycbook


Minecraft & Architecture: Turn Pixels into Castles - 5 Weeks
About this Class
Do you love designing and building in Minecraft? Then this is the course for you! In this course, students will use Minecraft as a tool to design beautiful creations!
All Ivy Camps USA classes have a final project that students work towards throughout their time in their class. In this class, students use architectural concepts to build a final castle and design the surrounding land.
Students will Learn
- How to create masterpieces block-by-block
- Theory behind architectural design
- Basic aesthetic and engineering principles
- Techniques for making schematics and how to bring those designs to life
Class Logistics & Materials
- All classes are held live and online, starting at the time chosen
- Classes run 1x per week for 10 weeks
- Classes will be held on the same day every week
- Each class meeting will be 90 minutes (1.5 hours)
- Classes will have 1-6 students per class
- Students will be separated into groups by age
- The curriculum for each course is written to meet the developmental needs of each age group
- Classes are taught by our top instructors from Harvard, Yale, MIT, Princeton, & more!
Class Materials: pencil, pen, coloring materials, Minecraft or a similar block-based platform
Times display in the local time zone that your browser is set in. We offer a diverse range of times so we can accommodate students around the world. This means that some of our times may seem a bit unreasonable in certain parts of the world. Please choose a local time to you that works best for your experience.


Historic Preservation Month: it’s like a month long holiday. Sweet.
Holidays need decorations, so I searched around for some preservation posters to share. And I kept returning the GSA collection. The GSA is the U.S. General Services Administration. A brief history (from the GSA website):
GSA was established by President Harry Truman on July 1, 1949, to streamline the administrative work of the federal government. GSA consolidated the National Archives Establishment, the Federal Works Agency, and the Public Buildings Administration; the Bureau of Federal Supply and the Office of Contract Settlement; and the War Assets Administration into one federal agency tasked with administering supplies and providing workplaces for federal employees.
GSA’s original mission was to dispose of war surplus goods, manage and store government records, handle emergency preparedness, and stockpile strategic supplies for wartime. GSA also regulated the sale of various office supplies to federal agencies and managed some unusual operations, such as hemp plantations in South America.
Today, through its two largest offices – the Public Buildings Service and the Federal Acquisition Service – and various staff offices, GSA provides workspace to more than 1 million federal civilian workers, oversees the preservation of more than 480 historic buildings, facilitates the purchase of high-quality, low-cost goods and services from quality commercial vendors, and had about $39 billion in federal assets at the end of fiscal year 2010.
GSA Public Buildings Heritage Program has a collection of 100+ of its most significant buildings. You can download these posters in PDF and read the history about each building when you click on its link. Each building page is filled with images, significance, architectural descriptions and more. It is a terrific resource. They are beautiful posters. Back in 2004 at the National Trust Conference in Louisville, KY, the GSA was giving out many for free. I have a bunch, including this one framed. But browse in a variety of ways (including architectural style) and choose your favorite.
They are all beautiful buildings. Take a look at this Old Post Office and Courthouse in Little Rock, Arkansas.
And I’m going to have to refrain from posting too many (as a matter of practicality), but here are a few more.
Find one you need? Contact the Historic Buildings Program. Happy Preservation Month! Happy weekend!
One thought on “Preservation Month: GSA Posters”
Wow, what a great resource – thanks for sharing!


Teacher Education Faculty Publications
Journal of Literacy Practice and Research
An effective urban literacy teacher is one who can weather the storm of change. Remaining committed to one’s students despite the challenges that an urban environment brings is a key element in facilitating student literacy improvement. In this article we present a case study of one teacher who participated in our three year professional development initiative to improve literacy practices in urban schools. We discuss the qualities that she possessed that helped her to persist through the pains of change to impact student learning, and how these qualities should be fostered in urban school teachers to improve achievement.
Copyright © 2016, Organization of Teacher Educators in Literacy
Organization of Teacher Educators in Literacy
Place of Publication
Arnold, Jackie Marshall and Sableski, Mary-Kate, "Consistency and Change: Becoming a Literacy Leader in an Urban School" (2016). Teacher Education Faculty Publications. 41.
Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, Other Teacher Education and Professional Development Commons, Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons, Secondary Education and Teaching Commons
This document has been made available for download in its published form by permission of the publisher.
Permission documentation on file.


Euclid Avenue Elementary School has one of the oldest buildings in the LAUSD. In the basement of the C building was the bathroom, restricted to all students. The ultimate dare in the 3rd grade. Who has the guts to stay in a dark restricted bathroom? To resurrect the ghost of a little dead girl? The rules: make sure the lights are all off and splash water in the mirror, then say the words 5 times: Blood Mary. If done right, she would appear in to the mirror and take judgment on you. If you sinned, she takes your soul, if you’re pure, she would leave you be.
The tale first brewed and echoed the hallways in the 2nd grade. The 6th graders dare the 5th, the 5th to the 4th, and the 4th to the 3rd graders. It was a right of passenge here at Euclid elementary, the day came when it was our turn to conjure up spirits and play necromancer.
As the performer of this piece of folklore said, this is a right of passage. The story of the ghost of Bloody Mary is a way to test and prove one’s courage to one’s older peers. This is an interesting variation of the challenge, as one repeats the name 5 times, rather than the more popular rule of 3 in most American folklore. Furthermore, water is splashed on the mirror, and the ghost seems to be tied to this particular bathroom. These variations seem to have made the rite of passage more accessible to male children, as Javier was aware of, and observed the practice of this elementary school tradition.


Lesson 3: How To Make Cheese Course | Buying A Cow?
In our talks with John, casually mentioned that about 10 people a year come to his farm interested in buying a cow expressly for milk production at their own homes. We had never really thought of that aspect. How amazing would it be to have your own cow (insert mother-in-law jokes here)? Especially once you learned how to make cheese! After discussing the pet cow phenomenon, John teaches us about how milk flavor actually changes throughout the year due to what he feeds his organic cows. Then we meet one of his adorable friendly calfs as John explains the process of raising cows, what age they start producing milk, and also just how darn friendly they can be. We're never eating a burger again.
In this video:
- Buying a cow and what it means to own one.
- What it takes to care for a cow.
- The distinct personalities cows have.
- How seasons change the flavor of the milk.
- Proteins in milk and why they are important.
- What an A2 cow is and how its milk may actually help children with autism (we're not making any scientific claims here, gang, just quoting John).
- And much more.
BONUS DOWNLOAD: Six Steps For Safely Handling Raw Milk
BONUS DOWNLOAD: Five Reasons To Own A Cow
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OUTDOOR SCHOOL FOR ALL
All MN students deserve equitable access to outdoor experiences where they can learn, play, and grow.
HOWEVER, current access to outdoor educational opportunities is inequitable. For too many kids, access to the outdoors is determined by race, income, ability, and zip code.
Outdoor School for All Minnesota is advocating for the establishment of a statewide grant program to support immersive, multi-day, accredited overnight outdoor education program experiences for students in grades 4 to 8 to address these needs and to ensure that all students have a chance to benefit from outdoor education.
What is Outdoor School?
An Outdoor School program is a multi-day, overnight experience where students have the opportunities to participate in outdoor-based learning activities in outdoor recreation, natural science, and cultural history.
Outdoor School program providers work with partnering school groups to meet curriculum goals and state academic standards.
Learn about Outdoor School for All
Research shows participants in outdoor educational activities have:
Higher academic performance, enhanced critical thinking skills, and higher graduation rates
Improved behavior in school
and relationships with peers
Direct experience in scientific concepts in the field, leadership, and collaboration
Deeper engagement with learning, place, and community
Only 30% of Minnesota students are able to access Outdoor School.
“Our students benefit from an outdoor education experience because they primarily come from low income families who reside in an urban setting. Many of our families do not have access to such opportunities or trips outside of [Outdoor School].”
- 5th grade teacher, Minneapolis


If you live in the North, you might be wishing for an ant sighting about now. The grass is brown and the trees have shed their leaves.
Well, maybe not all the trees. When I went out for a walk I noticed the African sumac, Rhus lancea, has a spread of yellow-green material beneath it. Is it pollen?
I had to check it out, of course.
The tree is flowering.
It isn’t pollen on the ground. Instead, it is a layer of dropped flowers.
And another, each with an entrance hole in the center. There are eight or nine bright green clumps in all.
It seemed likely they are ant nests.
Can you spot it? Yes, an ant!
They look like Tetramorium or pavement ants.
One by one the workers carry a flower into the nest entrance and disappear.
The pavement ants are apparently taking advantage of a local abundance during the slow winter months. (The ant is blurry, but I thought the pollen on its head was cool.)
Seeing some ants at work in January? That is an unexpected bounty for me.
Have you ever seen Tetramorium gather flowers or other plant material?


- Yessica Avila
Random Acts of kindness
Random Acts of Kindness
Did you know showing a random act of kindness has many health benefits? Spreading service not only helps others feel better about themselves -- it can also boost the giver's health and happiness, according to research. It's a win-win for all. Here's why.
Based on CNN, Studies show Putting the well-being of others before our own without expecting anything in return, or what is called being altruistic, stimulates the reward centers of the brain. Those feel-good chemicals flood our system. Volunteering, for example, has been shown to minimize stress and improve depression. Volunteering can also reduce the risk for cognitive impairment and even help us live longer. One reason for this, experts say, is because kindness contributes to our sense of community and belonging. And that, studies have found, is a crucial contributor to a healthy, longer life.
Another random act of kindness would be donating. You might be wondering what health benefits come from this? Well, low blood pressure. According to CNN, There was a study done. The study involved two groups of people. These groups were given money; one group spent it among themselves while the other finished it on others. The study found that the group that spent it on others had the lowest blood pressure after the six-week study.
Apart from having a healthy, longer life and low blood pressure, you will also feel happy. Knowing that you are helping others will make you content, which is essential to our health.
So next time you come across something, or someone, consider making an act of kindness as you are making the other person feel better; you are improving your health as well!


Liberty Math Level B
Wendy KramerChristian Liberty Press / 2010 / Trade PaperbackOur Price$14.394.5 out of 5 stars for Liberty Mathematics Level B Student Workbook, Grade 2. View reviews of this product. 3 Reviews
Retail Price$20.75Save 31% ($6.36)Availability: In StockStock No: WW971606
Liberty Mathematics provides young students with the foundation they'll need to advance in mathematical understanding. Level B is designed to give second grade students an introduction to primary mathematics concepts. After reviewing addition and subtraction facts through eighteen, this course introduces addition and subtraction of two-, three-, and four-digit numbers, as well as multiplication and division facts zero through five. Time and money, measurement and geometry, fractions, charts, graphs, and balanced equation exercises are also included. Chapter reviews and final review are provided. 284 two-tone color, perforated pages, softcover. Grade 2.
This set of tests accompanies Liberty Mathematics Level B (sold-separately).
Assess your students' understanding of the material by providing a test at the end of each unit. Tests are two pages in length and contain a variety of problems based on the concepts taught in the book. Student text page numbers are referenced. Tests are stapled together at the corner; a section of line-listed test answers is included in the middle and should be removed and kept separate from tests. Grade 2.
This teacher's manual accompanies Liberty Mathematics Level B. Arranged by unit, each lesson plan lays out the page numbers, concepts covered, unit goals, general lesson plan instruction, suggested drills, suggested games, and detailed prep & review activities that include step-by-step instructions, graphics, and examples to help you easily teach each lesson. 39 pages, stapled together at corner. Grade 2.


The paper examines the debate taking place in Peru, and also more generally in South and Central American countries with large indigenous populations, on the nature of interculturality and intercultural education. It investigates concepts fundamental to interculturality such as democracy and equality and asks what they mean in the context of the Peruvian state, civil society and the indigenous movement. It questions whether an interculturality based in apolitical calls for dialogue and respect for cultural and linguistic plurality can meet the needs of indigenous peoples and their daily confrontations with oppressive and unequal intercultural relations. Taking Peru as an example, it investigates the possibilities for the development of an interculturality that is characterised by equality and participation and which enables indigenous peoples to have greater control over their lives. It then briefly examines the nature of the intercultural lives of the Harakmbut of SE Peruvian Amazon and a new indigenous intercultural education programme which the Harakmbut hope will help them address the inequalities and exploitation which they face.
|Number of pages||17|
|Journal||International Review of Education|
|Publication status||Published - 1997|


Help us bring two dwarf caiman to the Rainforest
Posted: 27 Mar 2019
Two Cuvier's dwarf caiman are on their way to the Living Rainforest!
This cheeky pair were confiscated from the pet trade and for the last 18 months have been living at a zoo in Birmingham.
They are growing fast and running out of space so The Living Rainforest have agreed to take over their care. Dwarf Cuvier’s caiman are relatively rare but available in the UK pet trade. They do not make good pets and many grow up in cramped conditions with poor lighting leading to metabolic bone disease.
We need to raise £15,000 to create a new exhibit for them. Can you help?
At The Living Rainforest we pride ourselves on creating naturalistic environments for our animals, where they can exhibit natural behaviours and live a happy and healthy lifestyle. We need to build a new exhibit that will be suitable for them now and once they are fully grown.
These little caimans will reach 1.5m in length and weigh approximately 7 – 8kg.
Once settled in the caimans will be included in our highly acclaimed educational programme to promote sustainability and learn about rainforest adaptations. We have been awarded the Learning Outside the Classroom award and have 25,000 school children visit the Rainforest annually.


Music in Exile: Chamber Works by Alberto Hemsi
Alberto Hemsi was born in 1898 in Turgutlu (also known as Cassaba), in Anatolia (present-day Turkey). Although there had been a Jewish presence in Anatolia for more than 2000 years, the population expanded considerably following the Alhambra Decree of 1492, with the arrival of Sephardim from Spain and Portugal. It then dwindled precipitously with the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, the rise of Nazism, the creation of the state of Israel, and the escalation of anti-Semitism in the Arab world. Having completed his training at the conservatory in Milan, Hemsi returned to Anatolia determined to collect and notate as much traditional Sephardic music as he possibly could. A fascination with national folk music had taken root throughout Europe – Bartók and Kodály in Hungary, Dvorák and Smetana in Bohemia, and Vaughan Williams and Gustav Holst in England being the most familiar examples. Because his research was not defined by political or geographical boundaries, Hemsi was compelled to survey the myriad communities spread throughout the vast Sephardic diaspora. He was as fascinated by this musical heritage as he was concerned about its survival but, like so many composers, he also understood how traditional melodies, together with the various performance styles and conventions that supported them, could provide inspiration and nourishment for his own music. This CD contains a large survey of his diverse chamber works.


Do you know that Subaru played a key role in the bombing of Pearl Harbor? The company that would become Subaru began as The Aircraft Research Laboratory way back in 1915 by Chikuheu Nakajima. After changing it name to Nakajima Aircraft Company in 1932, the company started manufacturing war planes for the Japanese military. The Nakajima Aircraft Company continued in this role throughout World War II.
After Japan’s defeat in World War II was made official by its surrender on September 2, 1945, the Nakajima Aircraft Company was no longer allowed, nor had reason, to continue making military aircraft. Consequently, the company was restructured and divided into a dozen smaller companies. By the mid-1950s, four of these companies merged to form Subaru, which is the Japanese word for the Pleiades star cluster – hence the Subaru insignia.
The first automobile manufactured under the Subaru brand was called the Subaru 1500, but none of its original run of 20 never hit American shores. While the good old American local Chevy dealers were selling Chevrolets since 1911, Subaru car dealers did not hit U.S. shores until 1968. Today, the Subaru inventory carried by new and used Subaru dealers have become increasingly popular among fans of compact foreign automobiles.
While the different models available through Subaru car dealers are renowned for their efficiency and reliability, Subaru also strives for optimum sustainability. In fact, Subaru claims that its older vehicles offer a 97.3% recycling ratio. This means that less than three percent of its end-of-use vehicles ends up in landfills.
When it comes to foreign-made automobiles that offer the best combination of fuel-efficiency, reliability, and affordability, most Americans think of Toyota and Honda. Yet, statistics show that folks who purchase a Subaru tend to become repeat buyers at a higher rate than either of the above companies.


The Concept 2 Model D indoor rower has a lever on the flywheel housing. The lever settings 1–10 indicates the damper levels. Damper setting is NOT the same as resistance setting.
A flywheel is spinning inside the housing and the lever controls how much air is let into the housing on each stroke. More air slows the flywheel down faster on the recovery, requiring more work to accelerate it on the next stroke. The air friction builds up when the flywheel spins faster. The perceived resistance in the handle is controlled by your rowing intensity which means how hard / fast you pull.
The damper settings is more like a bicycle gearing that affects how your rowing feels. A higher setting feels like a big slow rowing boat. A lower setting feels like you are rowing a fast racing boat. A damper setting between 3–5 is recommended for most workouts. A too high setting may cause risk of injuries on your lower back.
Vary your damper setting to achieve different types of workouts. In general, lower damper settings are best for aerobic workouts, while higher damper settings make rowing more of a strength workout.
Damper setting is also called Drag Factor and the PM5 performance monitor measures this rate of deceleration of the flywheel. The measurements are self-calibrated so the monitor can read out the accurate numbers for the Drag Factor. See how to use the PM5 performance monitor.


Economists endlessly debate the nature of legal tender monetary systems—coins and bills issued by a government or other authority—yet the origins of these currencies have received little attention. Dror Goldberg tells the story of modern money in North America through the Massachusetts colony during the 17th century. As the young settlement transitioned to self-governance and its economy grew, the need to formalize a smooth exchange emerged. Printing local money followed.
Easy Money illustrates how colonists invented contemporary currency by shifting its foundation from intrinsically valuable goods—such as silver—to the taxation of the state. Goldberg traces how this structure grew into a worldwide system in which, monetarily, we are all Massachusetts. Weaving economics, law, and American history, Easy Money is a new touchstone in the story of monetary systems.
Join us to hear from Goldberg, in conversation with Richard Sylla.
About the Speakers
Dror Goldberg is a senior faculty member in the Department of Management and Economics at the Open University of Israel. He holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Rochester and a law degree from Tel Aviv University. Goldberg studies the theory, history, and law of money, especially of legal tender currency. His work was published in the Journal of Economic History, the Journal of Monetary Economics, Economic Theory, and the Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, among others. He is the author of Easy Money: American Puritans and the Invention of Modern Currency, published by the University of Chicago Press in March. Goldberg worked at Texas A&M University and spent a sabbatical in the Department of Economics at NYU as a guest of professor Richard Sylla.
Richard Sylla is a professor emeritus of economics and the former Henry Kaufman Professor of the History of Financial Institutions and Markets at the NYU Stern School of Business. He is the author or co-author of several books, including Alexander Hamilton on Finance, Credit, and Debt, Alexander Hamilton: The Illustrated Biography, and Genealogy of American Finance. He was chairman of the Museum of American Finance from 2010 to 2020.
Registration is required.
This event is open to alumni, faculty/staff, parents, students, and the public.


create a two-part PowerPoint to discuss the following:Part one: Peplau was the first nursing theorist to identify the nurse–patient relationship as being central to all nursing care. Peplau valued knowledge, believing that the nurse must possess extensive knowledge about the potential problems that emerge during a nurse–patient interaction. Peplau’s theoretical work on the nurse–patient relationship continues to be essential to nursing practice.Describe the phases of the Nurse-Patient relationship as defined by Peplau. Align your presentation regarding the use of Peplau’s theory with a current nursing practice example.Part two: Provide a discussion of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory. Identify and explain the three related parts? Identify a current nursing practice example where Orem’s theory would be relevant. Use at least one evidenced-based research article to support your practice example.
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On Sunday, July 11 ASEZ WAO volunteers held a paneling display in the city of Boston. The purpose was to raise awareness of the dangers of plastic waste and pollution. Reduce Plastic Use is one of ASEZ WAO’s eight campaigns. The goal is to promote a decrease in plastic production, consumption, and disposal.
Through the campaign, volunteers hope to prevent the formation of another Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP). To accomplish this, they made a goal to collect 80,000 tons of plastics dumped on land.
Participants Pledge to Help Reduce Plastic
Volunteers set up at Brigham Circle near the Brigham and Women’s Hospital. They set up tents, panels, and a cornhole game station to promote recycling. While at the tent, people posted their personal pledges. Also, they answered the question: “What Can I Do to Reduce Plastic?” Participants pledged to start using reusable bags and bottles, for instance.
Consequently, over 50 workers and students signed up to know more about ASEZ WAO and get involved. Among those who signed up was James H. Maguire, MD who specializes in Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine in Boston. Another participant was Frank Azorsa, a student at Boston University and a Marine Biology major. He was shocked after learning the average person consumes about one credit card per week.
“I learned a lot about the campaign that ASEZ WAO has been doing on how to reduce plastic on the planet,” Frank said. “Congratulations on this initiative and I hope I can collaborate!”
ASEZ WAO Takes Steps Towards a Cleaner Future for the Environment
As a result, ASEZ WAO volunteers plan to host a cleanup. Moreover, this is the beginning of taking the lead towards a cleaner global environment. Volunteers will continue to encourage their communities to be the solution to the global plastic-use issue.
Click here to learn more about ASEZ WAO, its initiatives, and how you can get involved!


This webinar was held by Chris Bailey, Sheffield University, UK on behalf of the CAMELOT Project
13th March, 10.30 – 11.30 am GMT
To watch the recording follow this link
Abstract: Storying in and around a Minecraft Community
Recent work around the use of Virtual Worlds in educational contexts has conceptualised literacies as communal processes, whilst considering complex notions of collaboration through participants’ multiplicity of presence. Screen-based virtual worlds can also be viewed as multimodal texts, constructed by multiple players. Shaped by these ideas, this presentation draws upon data collected during an extra-curricular Minecraft club for ten and eleven year old children, exploring the ways in which the players take up the narrative opportunities offered by the game, as they collaborate to build a ‚virtual community‘.
With a focus on the literacy events and artefacts generated in and around a virtual space, this presentation describes how this established, self-directed group of children used this environment to compose and create improvised stories. It explores how the literacies constructed through their interactions were influenced by resources drawn from their wider experiences, shaped by their experiments with in-game multimodal creation. The children’s interactions enabled them to form their own individual and collective textual landscapes, through a set of emotionally charged manifestations of literacy, played out in the hybrid virtual/material worlds.
Chris Bailey is a PhD student at Sheffield Hallam University. His PhD study is titled: ‘Investigating the Lived Experience of a Virtual World After School Club‘. This research stems from his previous work as a primary school teacher, where he taught across the primary age ranges. His research explores the ways in which children make meaning in and around digital environments, with a particular interest in the informal learning opportunities offered by social, digitally mediated gaming. He runs the Children and Video Games multidisciplinary discussion group at Sheffield Hallam University and blogs regularly about his work


In our ongoing series about ecosystem-based management in the Sunshine Coast Community Forest, we have discussed Biodiversity and Ecosystem Conservation and the Economic Benefits to the Community. If you missed those articles you can find them here.
Today we are talking about the third pillar of ecosystem-based management: Social Well-Being. These three pillars are interrelated – maintaining biodiversity and functioning, ecosystems, and the economic benefits from our forestry operations both contribute to the well-being of our community.
Some of the more direct ways the needs of our human communities are met by local forests include:
Traditional and cultural use by shíshálh people.
Access to edible and medicinal native plants and fungi.
Forest-based recreation opportunities.
Locally grown timber and wood products.
Opportunity to experience forests in a naturally regenerated state
Natural water management functions.
Ecosystem-based management recognizes humans as a part of the ecosystem and our uses of the forest beyond timber and profit are important. The human health benefits to forest-based recreation are supported by an abundance of science.
Walking, biking, or simply being in the forest improves human immune function, reduces blood pressure and stress, balances hormones, and improves mental health.
Opportunities for people to experience forests near their communities are important and need to be considered in responsible planning.
Human recreation use of forests, like our other uses of forests, also have an impact. There are over 500 km of trails on the Sunshine Coast. Where they are built, how they are used, and who is consulted about it matters. If you enjoy using trails or other areas within the community forest, we want to hear about what is important to you. If we don’t know about it, we can’t take it into account in our planning. Please reach out or join us at one of our future events.
Want to get involved with the Community Forest?
Join our CommunityAdvisory Panel!
The CAP ensures community concerns are baked into the way we action ecosystem based management. It's a 9 member panel that meets monthly to discuss and take action on initiatives that support the third pillar - Social Well-Being.
Send us an email for more details and/or to express your interest! email@example.com


Building Trust in Treetops
Evidence shows police-youth program works in Baltimore.
Precariously balanced on cables 25 feet above the ground in Leakin Park, a Baltimore kid and a police trainee are terrified—together. Starting at the tips of this Y-shaped ropes course they must coordinate every tentative step to meet in the middle and then edge to the end.
Success hinges on communication.
Creating positive encounters is the gist of this police-youth program at the Baltimore Chesapeake Bay Outward Bound (OB) School. Established in 2008, it’s the first and only one nationwide. Through focus groups, interviews and surveys, Peter Winch, MD, MPH, and his research team have found that the program dissolves tensions and long-held stereotypes on both sides.
Initial data analysis shows that after the all-day experience—which includes ground-level activities—youth found officers less aggressive, racist, rude, strict and scary.
Elena Broaddus, MSPH ’13, now a PhD student in International Health’s Social and Behavioral Interventions program, teamed with Winch to launch the ongoing study in 2011, after working at the Baltimore OB as an instructor.
“We’re building the evidence that it’s successful,” Broaddus says. “We have to use that evidence to drive political commitment.”
Since the unrest that followed Freddie Gray’s death in late April, 3,000 police and an equal number of Baltimore City School students have committed to participate in OB programs that began in September.
Powerful as a day of trust building in the treetops may be, it isn’t enough to forever break down barriers, the researchers insist. In hopes of lasting change, they’re drafting plans with OB to link program participants with long-term initiatives in the city.


First-past-the-post Electoral System
- Posted By
Polity & Governance
8th Dec, 2020
- The FPTP is a simple electoral system where the winning candidate from a constituency need not secure more than 50% of the total votes polled.
- This means, for instance, that a candidate emerges as a winner with 23% votes as long as their opponents secure less than them individually, and it does not matter if the aggregate votes polled against the amount to 77%.
What are its criticisms?
- An anomaly of not being representative enough
- money becoming the precondition to contest in elections
- systematic isolation of select communities
- consolidation of the majority of communities
- money and muscle power of the larger parties are predominant
What are the recommendations for India?
- The Indian Law Commission, in its 170th report in 1999 and 277th report in 2015, had recommended the center to reboot the electoral system by combining FPTP with PR, based on the German hybrid electoral system.
Proportional Representation and Representative Democracy
- The proportional representation PR electoral system is more representative in nature, lending voice to various communities and their aspirations.
- Political parties are rewarded with seats proportional to their vote shares in the PR system.
- Depending on their needs, multicultural societies like Germany, Australia, South Africa among others have adopted variants of PR.


Venice From Above
Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital of the region Veneto, a population of 271,367 (census estimate January 1, 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000). The city historically was an independent nation. Venice has been known as the “La Dominante”, “Serenissima”, “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”. Luigi Barzini, writing in The New York Times, described it as “undoubtedly the most beautiful city built by man”.
The city stretches across 118 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. The saltwater lagoon stretches along the shoreline between the mouths of the Po (south) and the Piave (north) Rivers. The population estimate of 272,000 inhabitants includes the population of the whole Comune of Venezia; around 62,000 in the historic city of Venice (Centro storico); 176,000 in Terraferma (the Mainland), mostly in the large frazione of Mestre and Marghera; and 31,000 live on other islands in the lagoon.
The Republic of Venice was a major maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain and spice trade) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century.
Here are some photos of Venice from above:


Following World War II, Britain continued its pre-war policy of keeping Jews out of the Land of Israel, enforcing it more strictly than ever. Peter Martell writes:
Between August 1946 and February 1949, more than 52,000 Jews taken off 39 boats were detained in a dozen camps in Cyprus. . . . The British wanted the cramped camps to be a “deterrent” aimed at “breaking the power of the ‘Hebrew resistance movement’ in Palestine,” Yad Vashem said. More than 400 people died of sickness. It is a history that Arie Zeev Raskin, the chief rabbi of Cyprus—where, he says, several thousand Jews pray at the synagogue each year—wants to “teach to the next generation.”
When he discovered a farmer using one of the camps’ last remaining metal huts as a tractor shed, Raskin made it the centerpiece of the Jewish museum of Cyprus he is building in the port city of Larnaca. “The huts were boiling hot in summer, and freezing in winter,” Raskin said.
In the camps, some 80 percent were aged between thirteen and thirty-five, “among the more spirited and lively survivors of the Holocaust,” said Yad Vashem, which added that 2,200 babies were born in the camps.
Some Cypriots, also resentful of British rule, worked with Jewish militia forces [like the Haganah, which were involved in organizing clandestine aliyah]. Key among them was Prodromos Papavassiliou, who after fighting fascist forces in North Africa with Britain’s Cyprus Regiment was outraged at the camps. . . . Prodromos helped hundreds of Jews, hiding those who tunneled out in orange groves and caves, until he could organize boats to smuggle them away from coves near the now-popular tourist resort of Ayia Napa.
Read more at International Business Times
More about: Aliyah, Cyprus, Holocaust survivors, Israeli history, United Kingdom


The Relationship Between Illness and Lifestyle Choices
Health is a condition of mental, physical and social well being in which infirmity and illness are absent. Various definitions have been used for various purposes over the years. One school of thought in the medical profession considers health to be that condition which does not cause pain or impairment of function, but affects health. It is considered a state of complete well being in terms of self-respect, well-being, and the ability to enjoy life to the fullest without any limitations. There is also a broad range of terms used to refer to health; these include: physical health, mental health, physiological health, and psychological health.
The causes of health conditions vary according to the kind of diseases. A person’s lifestyle can affect health conditions. The major risk factors for common diseases are smoking, diet, inactivity, and stress. Most health conditions can be prevented by practicing healthy lifestyle habits.
There are several ways to achieve good health. A combination of good eating habits, regular exercise and relaxation techniques, and avoiding unhealthy practices like too much alcohol intake, too much caffeine intake, too much nicotine intake, and too much stress can prevent several illnesses and even keep minor illnesses at bay. Regular exercise helps to improve general physical health and physical environment. Inactivity, diet, and stress reduction can help reduce the effects of ailments and maintain good health.


|Posted: Dec 13, 2016|
New anode material set to boost lithium-ion battery capacity(Nanowerk News) A new approach developed by a team of researchers, led by Prof. Jaephil Cho (School of Energy and Chemical Engineering) could hold the key to greatly improving the performance of commercial lithium-ion batteries.
|Prof. Cho and his research team have developed a new type anode material that would be used in place of a conventional graphite anode, which they claim will lead to lighter and longer-lasting batteries for everything from personal devices to electric vehicles.|
|Cross-sectional schematic view showing the detailed structural characteristics of a SGC hybrid particle. (click on image to enlarge)|
|In the study, the research team has demonstrated the feasibility of a next-generation hybrid anode using silicon-nanolayer-embedded graphite/carbon. They report that this architecture allows compatibility between silicon and natural graphite and addresses the issues of severe side reactions caused by structural failure of crumbled graphite dust and uncombined residue of silicon particles by conventional mechanical milling.|
|This newly-developed anode material has been manifactured with increase in graphite content in composite by 45%. The research team has also developed new equipment, which is capable of producing 300kg in 6 hours per batch using a small amount of silane gas (SiH4). Such simple procedure is highly esteemed, as it ensures competitive price.|
|They report that the silicon/graphite composite is mass-producible and it has superior battery performances with industrial electrode density, high areal capacity, and low amounts of binder. The findings of the research have been published in Nature Energy ("Scalable synthesis of silicon-nanolayer-embedded graphite for high-energy lithium-ion batteries").|
|Source: By Joo Hyeon Heo, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)|
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The Story and Photography of the Southern Documentary Project
In words and pictures, the incredible story of photographers documenting the Freedom Summer of 1964 and social change throughout the Deep South
Mississippi Eyes is the chronicle of the events and the powerful witness of five young photographers in The Southern Documentary Project, working during the pivotal summer of 1964 in the segregated South. Together they captured the sometimes violent, sometimes miraculous process of social change as segregation resisted then gave way to a new beginning toward social justice.
With 160 black-and-white photographs, this chronicle begins in the winter mud of the Mississippi Delta and ends in Atlantic City's convention hall as the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party delegation challenged the official Mississippi delegates to the National Democratic Convention. The Southern Documentary Project was the brainchild of Matt Herron, a budding photojournalist who had moved with his family to Mississippi in 1963 to work in civil rights and shoot picture stories for Life, Look, and the Saturday Evening Post. Drawing on advice from his friend, the noted documentary photographer Dorothea Lange, he pulled together a shoestring budget, recruited photographers with civil rights experience, and completed the summer with a file of unforgettable photographs.
Along the way, Southern Documentary photographers suffered beatings and nearly died at the hands of a sheriff's posse in Selma, Alabama. They documented a moving service in a sharecropper's church and captured inspirational encounters between Ivy League student teachers and black children in Freedom Schools. They followed the heartbreaking struggle of a young boy to confront the murder of his older brother by Klansmen. Mississippi Eyes is the only book to provide a firsthand account of what it was actually like to photograph the civil rights struggle in the Deep South.


Disaster relief scams are a type of online scams that occur in the most difficult times: natural disasters, pandemics, etc. When internet users try to find support and compassion, hackers see an opportunity. So, they consider this a good time for making money.
In this article, we will let you know how to spot such scams and avoid them.
What are these scams?
Disaster relief scams come as a chance for villains to fool their victims. So, after important calamities, they activate their plans. This means that they build emails, impersonating either government organizations or legitimate charities.
As the ’representatives’ of such institutions or NGOs, they try to convince users to help the people in need and their families. So, they ask for donations, to do what they pretend to be their job. To donate, victims are encouraged to access some fake websites, that hackers control.
So, when users insert their banking credentials, scammers copy them. Then, they use the same account for fraudulent online shopping or to withdraw all the money.
Usually, it is pretty difficult for victims to understand how this happens. This is because attackers do their best to make fake websites look like the official ones. Still, there are a few details that betray them. Read on to find these, and stay safe.
How to avoid disaster relief scams?
In order to avoid such scams, you should first identify them as scams. So, here are the most important signs of disaster relief scams:
- The email address domain of the sender does not match the official website of the charity or government organizations.
- Fake websites have little or no contact information at all.
So, whenever you might see these signs, especially in hard times, try to follow these rules:
- Avoid responding to such emails. If you do, hackers know that you are a real person and will try to trick you again.
- Never use your banking credentials on websites that you are not sure are legitimate.
Anyway, to keep such hackers away from your computer, you should use a powerful and trustful anti-virus and anti-malware tool. This will prevent hackers from accessing your personal data, and stealing it.