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What does CW mean?
Contention Window (CW) is a mechanism used in wireless networks to control access to a shared channel.
The purpose of CW is to reduce the chance of multiple stations transmitting at the same time, which can cause collisions and lead to retransmissions.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the full form of CW in Wireless Networks?
The full form of CW is Contention Window
What are the full forms of CW in Computing?
Contention Window | Curaçao (TLD) | Content Warning | CodeWarrior | Cube World
What are the full forms of CW in Worldwide?
Curaçao | Continuous Wave | ClockWise | Cool White | centiWatt | Constructed Wetland | Contention Window | Chemical Warfare | Carrier Wave | Creative Writing | Chemical Weapon | Cold War | Curaçao (TLD) | Calendar Week | Conventional Wisdom | Content Warning | CodeWarrior | Cube World | ComputerWorld


School Dress Code
School uniforms give the identity of the school. A certain design, style of a uniform initially gives an impression about the school. Usually, schools which require their student to wear coat and tie every day are dubbed as the exclusive schools. In America, those schools which have uniforms are private schools and somehow provide a status symbol for people. The aesthetics of a school uniform is just a bonus. A school uniform provides formality in education. This is why the teachers and the staff in an educational institution also wear uniforms.
However, the public schools in the country do not require their students to wear uniforms. Instead, they just wear casual clothes to school (Brunsma, 2004, p. 50). The importance of having school uniforms is highlighted when it comes to the safety of the students. It is relevant that the student be given school uniform for easier identification when outside of the school campus. A modified school uniform per year level will also help. An example of this would be providing color-coded ribbons for each grade school.
This will better help in identifying the students especially in a big school. In school gatherings and announcements, this helps in organizing the students in such big events (Brunsma, 2004, p. 55). When outside the campus, a student in uniform can easily be identified if he or she should be in or outside the campus. Once caught, the school can easily take action for the student’s wrongdoings. Thus, uniforms help make the administration’s jobs easier in maintaining the discipline of the students.
It will also give the students a second thought on cutting classes and doing nasty things especially when they are carrying their school’s name. Although this may be just a glitch, the problem that will probably be faced in having a school uniform is that it will somehow give more schoolwork to the institution. With these being said, it is just important that schools have uniforms. The above reasons are more than enough to justify the importance of school uniforms.


In 1928, the American automobile corporation Ford began its expansion into the European market, and one of their most promising partners was Germany, which at that time had already largely overcome the economic decline caused by the consequences of the First World War.The economy of the Weimar Republic was growing at a steady pace, and there was a demand in Germany, the birthplace of the automobile, for a significant number of private cars.
As early as 1930, mass production of Ford passenger cars began at the Cologne plant. In general, they were very similar to their American counterparts, differing only in various exterior details. One of the most popular was the Ford Eifel 20C, more than 60,000 of which were produced from 1935 to 1939. In 1937, a new model came off the assembly line, the G78A, and a year later the G81A. This had a more powerful 8-cylinder engine, improved bodywork and chassis.
After Adolf Hitler came to power, cooperation between the new government and Western investors in general not only did not stop, but even increased, including in the automobile industry. The gradual restoration of the army, which Germany was denied according to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, required a significant increase in equipment, including passenger cars, and after the beginning of the Second World War, almost all private cars were requisitioned for the needs of the military. At the same time, factories received new, even larger orders to increase the number of vehicles in the army.
The Ford G81A, like many other types of passenger car, was extensively used by army units. Some parts of the Wehrmacht used these cars, as well as the Luftwaffe, police units and others, mainly as a staff car. A small number of Ford G81As were converted so as to be fitted with field radios and used by communications and radio reconnaissance units. The rear part of the car body was rebuilt in order to accommodate the substantial volume of the specialized radio equipment. Cable reels and additional handrails were also installed. Despite the relatively small number of such radio vehicles, their operation continued almost until the end of the Second World War, both on the Eastern and Western fronts.


About the project
Τhe project provides sustainable, low cost, community based and community generated informal learning opportunities to promote the inclusion of migrants and refugees using mobile technology.
To objectives of the project are :
- Create a game for mobile devices that provides fun, informal leaning opportunities for migrants and
refugees located and grounded in the communities they live in.
- Develop a roll-out pack for other towns wanting to use or adapt the game for their own locality
- Create a data bank of learning challenges that are related to the physical, social and cultural environment they live in and accessed through QR
- Work with community groups, societies and businesses to create the challenges or tasks and work with migrants and refugees to create content to augment the physical environment for benefit of residents and visitors.
The project will develop a mobile app that will enable towns, villages and communities to create learning challenges based on their cultural, physical and natural environment so that the whole town becomes an open learning resource.
The challenges can be written specifically for one locality, it can be a challenge adapted or localised from an existing app on the database or it can be an existing
challenge from another locality that can be reused without modification. To support towns wanting to use the project will establish a database of 600 interactive learning challenges that can be accessed
through QR codes.
The project will operate in six different communities and it has broad linguistic and geographical coverage. Main project outcomes will available in English, Spanish, French, Italian, German and Greek and partners are coming from countries with a high migrant and refugee population.
Main outcomes of the project are:
- A Generic framework (basic concept) on transforming a community into an open learning resource
using gamification approach
- The OER Town Mobile application
- A Toolkit for trainers/facilitators.
- A database of open learning challenges
- Roll Out Handbook for other communities wanting to replicate the project
Our Awesome Team
University of the Basque Country
Cordinator - Spain
Active Citizens Partnership
Partner - Greece
Partner - France
Partner - Italy
Partner - Germany


New Delhi(DL): Different researchers & experts had talked regarding the load on health that such as to follow the corona epidemic. As citizens were residing with the unhealth for over a yr.
In different parts of the globe, the -ve repercussions of the epidemic could already be witnessed in people’s minds & health.
Awhile experts can not have completely determined the drastic load the epidemic is such as to have on the psychological well-being of citizens across the globe.
what was unearthed till now is nothing is short infront of worrisome.
A tandem of researchers commanded by Yeli Wang, Programme in Health Solutions & Systems Study, Duke-NUS Medical Educational institution evaluated the factors related to psychological distress amongst the gen.
public during this ongoing epidemic. The cross-sectional research evaluated different databases involving the studies of analytics that recorded factors associated with the distress of psychology during this epidemic.
Researchers sought firstly outcomes of self-reported signs of anxiety & depression & utilized random-effects designs to pool odds ratios & 95 percent confidence intervals.
Total, the investigators detected 68 studies including 288,830 persons from 19 nations.
According to the results, the total prevalence of nervousness & depression has been 33 percent, & 30 percent respectively. The researchers identified different demographic factors that donate to this rate as well.
Ladies compared to people, younger versus too older adults, residing in rural contrast to urban regions, lower versus bigger socioeconomic status have been associated with bigger anxiety odds.
Higher pre-existing physical, corona infection risk (or) mental circumstances, along with longer social media exposure, have been associated with bigger odds of anxiety (or) depression.
“1 in 3 adults within the mostly gen. public have corona related psychological distress,” the authors wrote. “Concerted measures are urgently required for interventions in big-risk populations to lessen urban-rural.
socioeconomic & gender disparities in corona related psychological distress.” The research has been titled “Factors which are related with psychological distress during this coronavirus disease 2019 (Corona) epidemic on the mostly gen.
public: A systematic review & meta-analysis.” It has been posted on-line in Plos 1.


Thursday 14 January
10 AM PST
1 PM EST
6 PM GMT
7 PM CET
With Dr. Eireann Marshall
In contrast to their wealthy counterparts, the lives of the poor and of ordinary people in ancient Rome could be very difficult. Living in cramped conditions with no running water or access to sewage, the plebs in Rome lived in apartment blocks, insulae, which could be seven storeys high. While only one of these insulae survives today in Rome, at the bottom of the Capitoline Hill, there are many more preserved to an exceptional standard in Ostia, the bustling port of Rome which recent studies have shown was much larger than previously presumed. The lives of the poor in the Bay of Naples were perhaps not as squalid as those who lived in Rome, though they were in marked contrast to the wealthy who lived near them.
The occupants of the apartments in the House of Opus Craticium in Herculaneum, which is immediately adjacent to the elegant House of the Wooden Partition, left behind meagre belongings, including a broken wind chime. Perhaps the most moving glimpse we have of working people in Herculaneum is that which is laid out in the house of the wine seller, above the wine shop on Cardo IV, which still preserves a bed, hearth and latrine, along with a wax tablet which a child used as a spelling list.
Rarely mentioned in literary sources, we are able to gain some understanding of what it was like to be an ordinary person in the Roman world in the Vesuvian cities, surviving on fast food and bread and living cheek by jowl with people who had infinitely more resources than they.


Blue newborn syndrome or toddler methemoglobinemia is a coronary heart dysfunction the place your new child baby’s pores and skin may well turn blue because of to deficiency of sufficient oxygen in the blood. This may perhaps occur when the coronary heart of the newborn is malformed. Though methemoglobinemia is often congenital and some babies are born with the ailment, most of the instances it is obtained in toddlers and could be caused thanks to exposure of particular substances and some health situations. (Also study: Biliary atresia: All about the congenital liver condition of infants that could turn deadly)
Feeding on food or h2o substantial in nitrate could lead to this problem or health troubles such as anemia, milk protein intolerance, extreme metabolic acidosis, and urinary tract infections can also be danger elements.
“Blue infant syndrome is a congenital heart dysfunction in which oxygen deprived blood circulates in the baby’s complete human body. This is the outcome of a number of irregular communications in the coronary heart. Leads to of blue infant is the malformed heart because of to which oxygen deprived blood mixes with oxygenated blood inside of the coronary heart chambers,” says Dr. Srinivas M Kini, Sr. Specialist Paediatric CTVS, Marengo QRG Medical center, Faridabad.
Indications OF BLUE Infant SYNDROME
“Symptoms principally will be of diminished oxygenation of the child. The oxygen saturation will be lessen than 95 and the lips and nails will be bluish tinged. Pores and skin colour will also be greyish but are not able to be appreciated in brown coloured youngsters. Child will be irritable with out any clear rationale,” states Dr Kini.
The Paediatric CTVS health practitioner claims the ailment is essential for the infant and should be diagnosed and taken care of as shortly as it is detected.
“Each and every organ of the baby’s physique makes use of oxygen for its important features and lessened oxygen supply mainly because of this syndrome can harm them permanently,” suggests Dr Kini.
Treatment method is mainly surgical (open up heart medical procedures) whereby normal anatomy of the heart is restored and all abnormal communications are closed.
Trending Topics to Observe


What is a Henbit?
Though it may be a member of the mint family, don’t let the tiny, violet flowers fool you. Weed science societies across the United States list henbit as an invasive species.
This weed is commonly seen in yards, fields and along roads and highways.
Henbit, or Lamium amplexicaule, has petal-like leaves and sometimes begins growing during the warm spells of an Oklahoma winter. The flowers bloom during the spring. If you look closely, the weed appears to be furry.
Sometimes the weed can die off in the heat of the summer, but why deal with henbit multiplying through your grass during the fall, winter and spring?
Pied Piper Pest, Termite & Lawn Service has identified henbit in yards they have serviced in Eufaula, OK. This weed is of the broadleaf variety and can be difficult to control.
Henbit grows at a rapid rate, reaching 6-12 inches tall, and is not a native species to North America. Invasive.org lists henbit as a troublesome or common weed in the state of Oklahoma.
Don’t let this weed overgrow your Eufaula yard. Call Pied Piper Services today to rid your yard of the henbit headache.
Pied Piper Services specializes in weed control and lawn fertilization and makes sure henbit stays out of your yard and away from fence lines.
No bugs! No weeds! No worries! Call us at 888-737-8943 or Contact us today!


Are we educating our children out of the innate abilities that they desperately need to navigate an uncertain future where routine jobs are replaced by robots and software?
It looks that we are. Research shows that creativity levels have been continuously dropping for the last two decades.
Is the answer more tests, increased competition and standardization of our schools? That’s what most of political leaders and education administrators are arguing.
Fortunately, there are dissenting voices of people who aren’t stuck in a 20th century mentality of training obedient and subservient workers for factories and bureaucracies. Ken Robinson believes our current focus on rote learning, memorization and regurgitation on tests is completely backward.
He argues that our one-size-fits-all factory schooling model is impoverishing the foundations children will need for living a successful, creative life: independent thought and imagination.
The Power of Creativity and Imagination:
In this beautifully edited video, he makes a powerful argument for why we need to transform the way we educate our children now.
Here are few more gems from Sir Ken Robinson on the importance of creativity and imagination in education worth spending your time to watch.
Why Schools Kill Creativity:
His landmark 2006 TED Talk on Why Schools Kill Creativity, has over 40,000,000 million views on TED and Youtube, which makes it the most watched TED Talk of all time.
Bring On The Learning Revolution:
Sir Ken Robinson’s follow up talk to Why Schools Kill Creativity at the TED Conference in 2010
How To Escape Education’s Death Valley:
In his most recent TED Talk, Sir Ken Robinson outlines 3 principles crucial for the human mind to flourish… and how current education culture works against them.
Sir Ken Robinson’s Last Public Talk
In his final public speech before his death in 2020, Sir Ken Robinson invites us all to imagine a new normal, and to understand how we can create a world that values the diversity of each individual’s unique gifts and talents.


Folic acid and erythrocyte folates
Folic acid is an essential vitamin. The measurement of folic acid levels is almost always prescribed at the same time as that for vitamin B12, particularly for people with a form of anemia characterized by abnormally large red blood cells (macrocytic anemia) or with neuropathy (nerve cell damage). Since flour products sold in North America must be fortified with folic acid, the consumption of such products helps provide an adequate supply of the vitamin, with rare exceptions. The measurement of folic acid and vitamin B12 levels allows an indirect assessment of the nutritional status of individuals in groups likely to have a deficiency (e.g. malnutrition in elderly people living alone or struggling with alcoholism, chronic intestinal malabsorption, etc.). It also makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of a prescribed treatment for vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency.
A high folic acid serum level is not significant. However, a lower folic acid level accompanied by other signs of macrocytic anemia is a confirmation of a folic acid deficiency.
Folic acid serum levels depend on a person’s recent dietary intake. In some situations, a normal level may not reflect the actual amount of folic acid available to cells. If needed, it is preferable to establish the folic acid level in red blood cells (erythrocyte folates).


Beronica Salazar, PhD, LCPC, ACS
At the core, we are all social beings. Because of this reality, we often work relentlessly at finding and securing connections with others around us. Mastering the art of forming and maintaining relationships is necessary for all of us.
In my work in serving others, I have learned that relationships are critical at home, school, work and in our communities to be successful. We all yearn for relationships but most of us struggle with identifying, forming and maintaining healthy relationships. Rather than focusing on what does not work, I want to share the key ingredients to building and keeping healthy relationships.
- Foremost, focus on those relationships important to you and work toward improving them. Invest the time and energy to build relationships that matter to you.
- Healthy relationships are mutually beneficial for all parties. A relationship that gives more importance to a specific party over others can lead to unhealthy patterns of behaviors and feelings of low self-worth.
- Respect is essential in good relationships. We do not always have to agree with each other, rather we want to make room for everyone to feel heard and understood.
- Trust and honesty are joined traits needed to help individuals be vulnerable with each other while also being supportive through the process.
- Honor each other’s boundaries (i.e. physical, emotional, personal, professional, etc.) by trusting the individual’s reasons for having them. Boundaries are beneficial for relationships and individuals overall wellbeing.
- Communication is the cornerstone, hence, be slow to form opinions and quick to seek to understand others.
Healthy relationships require effort yet can be rewarding to self and others. Relationships should help us thrive and never be painful. If you find you are in a relationship that hurts–emotionally or physically–I would urge you to seek out support or reach the WCA hotline.
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Which is more common – the dry form or the wet form?
The dry form is much more common. More than 85 percent of all cases of AMD are of the dry form. However, if only advanced AMD is considered, about two-thirds of patients have the wet form. Because almost all vision loss comes from advanced AMD, the wet form leads to significantly more vision loss than the dry form.
Can the dry form turn into the wet form?
Yes. All people who have the wet form had the dry form first. The dry form can advance and cause vision loss without turning into the wet form. The dry form also can suddenly turn into the wet form, even during early stage AMD. There is no way to tell if or when the dry form will turn into the wet form. People who have advanced AMD in one eye are at especially high risk of developing advanced AMD in the other eye.
Who is at risk for AMD?
The greatest risk factor is age. Although AMD may occur during middle age, studies show that people over age 60 are clearly at greater risk than other age groups. For instance, a large study found that people in middle-age have about a 2 percent risk of getting AMD, but this risk increased to nearly 30 percent in those over age 75.
Other risk factors include:
- Smoking. Smoking may increase the risk of AMD.
- Obesity. Research studies suggest a link between obesity and the progression of early and intermediate stage AMD to advanced AMD.
- Race. Whites are much more likely to lose vision from AMD than African Americans.
- Family history. Those with immediate family members who have AMD are at a higher risk of developing the disease.
- Gender. Women appear to be at greater risk than men.
Can one’s lifestyle make a difference?
Your lifestyle can play a role in reducing your risk of developing AMD.
- Eat a healthy diet high in green leafy vegetables and fish.
- Don’t smoke.
- Maintain normal blood pressure.
- Watch your weight.


There are two common oil presses in oil mills, 380v and 220v, of which 380 is more versatile. 380v is three-phase electricity, 220 is two-phase electricity, and two-phase electricity is also household electricity. Many oil mills want to know how much oil the oil press 220 produces in a day. Because some places do not have the power of the three-phase electric oil press 220w, there is a big gap between the output and the three-phase electric oil press.
The oil press 220 is a 70 type oil press. The 70-type oil press is also called a vehicle-mounted mobile oil press. It is mainly suitable for relatively few raw materials, not concentrated personnel, no three-phase electricity, or going to the market. The main advantage is that it is convenient to move, and it can be pulled by a tricycle to squeeze the oil, and it does not require much power. The two-phase electric oil press has low power and low pressure, so the output is relatively small. The 70-type oil press can process common oils such as rapeseed, peanut, sesame, sunflower, flax and so on.
It mainly uses roasting, pressing and filtering processes, so the supporting equipment is generally a three-piece set of seed frying machine, oil press and oil filter. The two-phase electric oil press can process about 100-110 kg of rapeseed and 80-90 kg of peanut in an hour. Generally, the oil yield of rapeseed is 38-42 kilograms of oil per 100 kilograms. One day is calculated as eight hours. More than 300 catties of oil can be produced a day. The oil yield of peanuts is generally 45-50 kilograms of oil per 100 kilograms. More than 300 kilograms of oil can be produced a day. The oil squeezed out by 220y oil press is the same as that of two-phase electric oil press whether it is rapeseed oil, peanut oil or sesame oil. Users can choose according to local actual conditions.


Zerol tooth strains
Zerol bevel gears are an intermediate sort amongst straight and spiral bevel gears. Their tooth are curved, but not angled. Zerol bevel gears are made with the intent of duplicating the traits of a straight bevel gear but they are produced using a spiral bevel chopping procedure.
china bevel gears
The obtain of the spiral tooth more than the straight tooth is that they engage considerably a lot more steadily. The make make contact with with in in between the enamel begins at a single cease of the gear and then spreads across the complete tooth. This closing china bevel gear outcomes in a much less abrupt transfer of force when a new pair of enamel show up into interact in. With straight bevel gears, the abrupt tooth engagement qualified prospects to noise, particularly at higher speeds, and influence stress on the teeth which aids make them unable to think about weighty masses at large speeds with out breaking. For these motives straight bevel gears are usually constrained to use at linear speeds considerably much less than 1000 ft/min or, for little gears, underneath one thousand r.p.m.[a few]
Spiral tooth lines
Major post: Spiral bevel gear
Spiral bevel gears have their tooth fashioned together spiral traces. They are noticeably analogous to cylindrical kind helical gears in that the enamel are angled even so, with spiral gears the tooth are also curved.
Straight tooth traces
In straight bevel gears the tooth are straight and parallel to the turbines of the cone. This is the most basic form of bevel gear. It resembles a spur gear, only conical alternatively than cylindrical. The gears in the floodgate photo are straight bevel gears. In straight bevel gear sets, when every single tooth engages it impacts the corresponding tooth and merely curving the gear tooth can fix the issue.


Prof. Linda Martin Alcoff wrote a stunning editorial in Sunday’s New York Times about critical race theory, claiming that folks in Arizona have confiscated “books and other materials” in a bid to “oversee what can be taught” in schools.
Critical race theory tackles the topic of race as a social construct, and is central to a curriculum in, for example, ethnic studies.
The issue isn’t about whether “race” exists from a scientific perspective (we are all the same race) but rather, what does race mean socially? Economically? Politically?
But why bury the books?
Alcoff says that an Arizona law, passed in 2010, gives school boards the authority to take actions if the curriculum promotes a race or class of people or if a course is taught that’s designed for a particular ethnic group.
You have to wonder what would happen to an introductory class in Native American studies in such a climate.
Alcoff makes the point that, in order to critique race, we need to talk about it. And where better than our schools?
Lately I’ve been steeped in ways in which scientific discourse frames American Indians and one of the most recursive issues rests on the presumption that science is devoid of value judgments. That science is somehow pure; that objectivity provides an armament against bias.
But history clearly demonstrates that science has championed theories that herald race as a bona fide marker of intelligence, athleticism and creativity.
So we must continue to talk about it. Loudly.
See Alcoff’s opinion column at:


Curriculum for the Bioregion Curriculum Collection
Why Curriculum for the Bioregion?
Curriculum for the Bioregion Resources
In this resource collection at the Science Education Resource Center are activities that incorporate sustainability concepts and place-based learning, introductory courses that feature sustainability themes, and essays on bioregional teaching and learning and the pedagogies of teaching for a sustainable future.
If you teach at a college and university in Washington State or the wider Cascadia bioregion, we invite you to
- Contribute an Activity that integrates key concepts or skills of your course with a sustainability concept or context;
- Contribute a Course that focuses on sustainability or place-based learning themes; or
- Contribute an Essay exploring pedagogical issues related to sustainability education.
Since the project's creation in 2005, Curriculum for the Bioregion has been supported by the following foundations and grants programs: The Russell Family Foundation; U.S. Department of Education's Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; The Norcliffe Foundation; and the Sustainable Path Foundation. Disclaimer: Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this website are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of these foundations or grants programs.


Connector accessories are the base components of any connector system. Typically there are the base contacts, sockets and plugs for male-female unions, back shell components, insulation, seals, etc.
Contacts are the conductive portion of connectors that create an electrical continuity between the two halves of the connector union. They are usually form of a metal pin on one-half and metal socket on the other that create a strong friction bond when the connector is placed together. These contacts are usually crimped or soldered to adjoining wires which creates a permanent bond between them. Firm contact is usually achieved by a spring effect in the pins or merely a tightly fitting socket.
When the contacts are melded with the wiring, they are then placed in an insulation of some kind, usually a plastic which both provides the support and durability of the connector but also prevents short circuits or circuit paths outside of the desired contact path. Often there is a seal placed on the male or female connector to prevent elements from contaminating the contacts. Backshells are custom made for certain connectors and consist of adapters, additional seals, shrink tubing, and wire support and stress relief.
Lemo are professional OEM manufacturer for Connector accessories.Please visit our website www.ptjmachining.com for more information.
Welcome to send your enquiry to [email protected]
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November 2022 Ranks Ninth-Warmest November in the World in 143 Years, Autumn 2022 Fifth Warmest
Last month’s average temperature was among the 20 warmest Novembers for Africa, Asia, Europe and South America.
- By Alex Saurman
- Dec 16, 2022
New data shows that November 2022 was the ninth-warmest November in over a century in the world, and September to November 2022 was the fifth-warmest autumn.
According to a news release from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), November 2022’s temperature was 1.37 degrees Fahrenheit higher than the average temperature in the prior century, ranking November 2022 as the ninth-warmest November since 1879.
Although it may have been the ninth-warmest overall, November 2022 ranked a bit differently for each continent. Europe saw its third-warmest November last month—tying with 2000—but it only placed in the top 20 warmest Novembers for Africa, Asia and South America. The month did not place in North America’s 20 warmest Novembers.
The NOAA also noted that September to November 2022 was the fifth-warmest autumn/spring (as it’s referred to differently in various sections of the world) on record, tying with the same time frame in September to November 2016 and 2018, according to the news release. The average temperature was 58.61 degrees Fahrenheit.
About the Author
Alex Saurman is the Content Editor for Environmental Protection.


Peace & Plenty: Life in the Central Perkiomen Valley
A new local history exhibit on life in the Perkiomen Valley is now open at the Mennonite Heritage Center. Drained by the Perkiomen Creek and its tributaries, the valley covers much of central and northern Montgomery County and extends into several neighboring counties. The exhibit depicts more than four centuries of human life in the valley, beginning with the region’s original inhabitants, the Lenape people, who lived here for thousands of years before Europeans arrived. It then moves through the settlement of European immigrants in the 18th century, and the establishment of numerous Protestant and Anabaptist congregations in the colonial period. The exhibit then moves topically by depicting themes like religious life, home life & work, trades & occupations, domestic skills, farm life, the coming of the railroad, town & village life, and finally a small gallery of early furniture and decorative arts.
The development of the exhibit was supported by a generous grant from the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation, based in New York City.
Hours: Tuesday through Friday, 10 am to 5 pm; Saturday 10 am to 2 pm
$7.00 suggested admission (no charge for MHC members and children under 12).
There is handicap access to exhibits.
Special tours can be scheduled. Call 215-256-3020.


The Ancistrus genera make good community
fish where they do not grow too big for the aquarium.
Some species have different requirements in the aquarium
so best to read up on the species you have whereas
if they need higher oxygen requirements or not, or
if they prefer cooler waters if they originate from
the southern parts of South America against the species
from further up north. Diet: Vegetable
foods such as cucumber and courgette and also tablet
and meaty foods. Reproduction: Lay
their eggs in caves as a cluster and the first signs
of the breeding process is a few tiny fry darting
around the community tank.
Atlantic coastal drainage of eastern Brazil, from
Macacú River in the north to Maquiné
River in the south. Type locality:Humboldt and Novo Rivers, Sta. Catherina,
S. E. Brazil [restricted to Humboldt River, Rio Itapocú
basin by lectotype designation].
Ferraris, C.J. Jr.,
2007. Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes:
Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary
types. Zootaxa 1418:1-628. Fisch-Muller, S., 2003. Loricariidae-Ancistrinae
(Armored catfishes). p. 373-400. In R.E. Reis, S.O.
Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist
of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America.
Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. Froese, R. and D. Pauly.
Editors. 2016. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic
publication. www.fishbase.org, ( 10/2016 ).


COVID-19 Variant Supplement – Development of a Microwave Enabled Bio-Nano-Microfluidic Device for Point-of-Care Diagnosis of COVID-19
The COVID‑19 crisis has caused over 280k deaths with more than 4 million infections as of May 8, 2020. These numbers are increasing and may peak again with reopening of businesses. This tragedy could be prevented from happening or its impact could be largely minimized if rapid, massive-scale testing can be performed at community level without the need of highly trained professionals and expensive equipment. This is also the highly recommended action among the immediate next steps by World Health Organization (WHO). The proposed project aims to develop such a system for rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnosis of the COVID‑19 virus by leveraging the team’s expertise in engineering, nanotechnology, viral immunology and clinical medicine. The proposed system is a palm-sized instrument that consists of a battery-powered microwave circuitry and a microwave-microfluidic device with its sensor surface modified by functionalized gold nanoparticles (gNPs) that specifically recognize the COVID‑19 virus. The output is a yes/no answer via a light indicator. A test can be done within 30 minutes including the sample preparation, which is completed by simply stirring a nasopharyngeal swab containing a tested person’s sample in a buffer solution. The system allows a test to be completed with a small drop of the sample solution (5 microliter) that is filled in the inlet reservoir and drawn to pass the detection chamber towards the outlet by capillary force. If the sample contains the COVID‑19 virus, the virus will be captured by the functionalized gNPs coated on the sensor surface resulting in the change in the microwave spectrum. The microwave circuitry will analyze the spectrum and output a yes/no answer. It is expected that the availability of the proposed portable system will enable the test of COVID‑19 at the community level such as at a drive-through point or in an ambulance, which will largely expand the testing capacity and thus assist in the control the COVID‑19 pandemic.


Are you wondering how the last name Moluse came to be? Read on to learn more about this surname’s meaning and origin. We’ve gathered some of the most common information about this family name and discussed where the name Moluse originated.
If you have a Moluse ancestor, the next step is to learn more about their life and times. In this article, we’ll discuss how to find the most valuable information for tracing your family’s history.
Origin of the last name Moluse
The origin of the last name Moluse is not completely clear. The name is derived from Dutch, which means cooper, maker of barrels and casks. It is also a variant of the name “Molt.” Today, there are approximately 2.7 million people in the world with the last name Moluse, and it is found in approximately 90 percent of African countries, particularly Southern and South Bantu Africa.
The Dutch word ‘Heer’ is derived from the Old Dutch word ‘Hago’, which means ‘lord’. This means that the family is a merchant, which is the origin of the name Moluse. The name has been traced to this region since the Middle Ages, and today, it is a popular choice for people with this last name. In addition to its English-language origins, the last name Moluse may also have been derived from the Germanic name ‘Molt’.
Meaning of the last name Moluse
If you’ve ever asked yourself, “What does the last name Moluse mean?” you’re not alone. It’s a common name in the world, ranked 2,718,172nd in popularity worldwide, held by approximately one person in every 142,893,057 people. Ninety percent of Moluses are native to Africa, predominantly Southern and South Bantu. You can find a lot of history and information about your name by using the links below.


Karugamo (カルガモ) in Japan
Also known as the Chinese Spot-billed duck, the birds used to be classified Indian Spot-bills.
Since 2008 the Eastern Spot-billed Duck has been recognized as a separate species.
These photos were taken while walking the length of the Okukubi River in Kin Town.
It was early afternoon on a bright, sunny day and, I was hoping to catch some osprey.
No Sea Hawks dove for fish but, these ducks provided some entertainment.
The birds may be found in freshwater ponds or lakes and brackish waters as well.
The Okukubi River flows from Kin Dam to the ocean at Nature Mirai.
It would be considered brackish; a combination of fresh and seawater.
The ducks, when frightened, may just seek cover in the mangrove forest.
They are used to tourists kayaking the river and often hide, rather than fly.
The best time to walk the length of this river is at, what I call half tide.
That would be about three hours before the full tide.
During low tide, not much activity takes place along the river.
It's so shallow, a person could walk across the waterway and, never get their wallet wet!
Unfortunately, no in-flight photos were made yesterday, the ducks wouldn't cooperate.
But, I have a few images from 2016 if, you're interested.
More About These Birds in Resources:
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The Church in the Wilderness
1. What proved to be a turning point in Israel’s journey to Canaan?
Israel would not enter into Canaan because of unbelief. Numbers 13 and 14
2. How did they show their unbelief?
They rejected the good report of Joshua and Caleb and believed the evil report of the other ten spies.
3. Why was this an act of unbelief?
Because they did not trust God to fulfill His covenant promise to give them the land.
4. How did God punish this unbelief?
He caused Israel to wander in the wilderness for forty years. Psalm 95:10 and Numbers 14:33
5. What happened during this period of forty years?
All above twenty years, with the exception of Joshua and Caleb, perished in the wilderness.
6. What characterized this period of wandering?
It was a period of wicked murmuring and rebellion. Psalm 95:10
7. How did Israel show this rebellion?
Israel despised God’s manna and accused Him of bringing the people into the wilderness to die. Numbers 21
8. Mention another example of rebellion.
The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram against Moses and Aaron. Numbers 16
9. How did God punish Israel for the sin of despising His manna?
God sent fiery serpents which killed many of them. Numbers 21:8, 9
10. How did God save them from these serpents?
God told Moses to lift up a brazen serpent upon a pole, and those who looked upon it were saved. Numbers 21:8, 9


How to access BIOS on a Lenovo laptop
BIOS is an essential basic system of the PC. Its mission is to check the PC hardware before the OS is launched. This very element usually appears as a table in a text form. Navigation is carried out by means of the special keys. Setting BIOS gives you a chance to set the parameters of the devices. It also helps to identify the source from which the PC’s operating system is loaded.
- Connect Lenovo to the mains supply. In case of the electricity’s absence your device may be seriously damaged.
- If you do not have the manual, you will have to go on the Internet and find the information you need on the website of the manufacturer. This can be done online or downloaded as a text-file.
- Run the computer and look at its display. One can usually see there a tip. There is an information about the combination of keys that must be pressed.
Pay attention that you should be really cautious here not to change the crucial parameters!
- Look for the F2/F12 buttons. These are the keys designed to interrupt the loading of the operating system.
- Use and hold the F12 button on the keyboard. That’s how one can get to the Quick Boot. This small but very important computer architecture subsection is designed to determine the priority of the boot.
Use F2 to get to the main BIOS menu. Unlike typical PCs, laptop’s BIOS also gives you a chance to:
- modify the security options;
- shift the touchpad options;
- look for the machine’s serial number, motherboard and other hardware.
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Finding answers to questions that pique our curiosity—whether those questions are related to the local concerns of a single classroom or school- or community-wide challenges—can be extremely satisfying. In this TED Talk, neuroscientist Matthias Gruber of Cardiff University describes how curiosity works on a cognitive level to improve learning by activating the brain’s reward system and increasing our ability to remember information.
This is your brain on curiosity
By: Matthias Gruber, TEDx
K-12 educators | Lifelong learners
Principled Innovation asks us to work with others and recognize the limits of our own knowledge so that we can better understand and tackle the complex issues our communities face.
Why diversity and conflict are key to leading innovation. Diversity alone will not guarantee creative problem-solving.
By: Linda Hill
The importance of ethical decision making in the age of technology
By: Shohini Kundu, TEDx
How to cultivate curiosity in your classroom
By: Amy L. Eva, Greater Good Science Center
Ken Robinson: creativity and curiosity
By: Ken Robinson
K-5 Card Deck Activity: Humility
By: Principled Innovation™ (PI)


Humid tropical forests on highly weathered soils are often characterized by low bioavailable phosphorus (P) concentrations. These ecosystems also often experience low and fluctuating redox conditions. Little is known about how soil redox conditions affect P availability and how this might feedback on biogeochemical cycling. Here we used soils from a wet tropical rainfall gradient in Puerto Rico to explore the effects of redox on P bioavailability and associated biogeochemical processes. Concentrations of soil carbon (C) and poorly crystalline iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) minerals increased at least twofold with increasing rainfall, reflecting stronger anaerobic conditions at wetter sites and associated declines in decomposition. The fraction of the total P pool in the NaOH-extractable organic form also generally increased with increasing rainfall. In a laboratory incubation experiment using three sites along the gradient, P amendment increased aerobic CO2 production. However, anaerobic processes, including anaerobic respiration, Fe reduction, and methanogenesis, increased with P amendment at the driest site only. Microbial biomass C:P ratios decreased with P amendment under anoxic conditions at the driest site, an indicator of possible microbial P limitation at this site. Both microbial biomass C and P concentrations were lower under anoxic conditions than under oxic conditions across all soils, suggesting that anoxic conditions could be a more limiting factor to microbes than P concentrations. Overall, our results demonstrate that redox conditions regulate the extent of P limitation to biogeochemical processes in tropical forest soils. Phosphorus limitation was pronounced in aerated environments with low mean annual rainfall, whereas low redox conditions or associated factors under high rainfall conditions may have a stronger impact on biogeochemical cycling than P availability.


What did Pierre Flourens discover?
Marie Jean Pierre Flourens was a French physician, famous for various significant discoveries relating to the nervous system, cerebral localisation and brain functions. He was known for his studies on brain physiology. He was one of the pioneers in the usage of experimental methods in neuroanatomy.
What did flourens conclude?
After small lesions function might be restored, but total ablation caused permanent loss of function. Flourens concluded that while sensory-motor functions were localized to sub-cortical structures, higher mental processes were represented diffusely in the brain, all working as one.
What is flourens theory of Equipotentiality?
In neuropsychology, equipotentiality is a neurological principle that describes a cortical mechanism, first identified by Jean Pierre Flourens and later revisited by Karl Lashley in the 1950s. His principle of “mass action” stated that the cerebral cortex acts as one—as a whole—in many types of learning.
What is localization psychology?
The theory of localization refers to the idea that different parts of the brain are responsible for specific behaviors, or that certain functions are localized to certain areas in the brain.
What is aggregate field theory?
– Aggregate field theory. •Specific mental functions are not localized. •Brain acts as a whole for each function. •Any part of cerebral cortex is capable of performing all functions.
What is the law of equipotentiality?
in learning theory, the principle that any pair of stimuli can be associated with equal ease, regardless of their nature or origin. Also called law of equipotentiality; principle of equipotentiality.
Does Phineas Gage support Localisation?
Although Gage survived this ordeal, he did experience a change in personality, such as loss of inhibition and anger. This change provided evidence to support the theory of localisation of brain function, as it was believed that the area the iron stake damaged was responsible for personality.
Is localization of brain function true?
Refers to the concept that different areas of the brain control different aspects of behavior. According to this theory, the effects of damage to the brain are determined by the extent rather than the location of the damage. …


Human-wildlife conflict is when encounters between humans and wildlife lead to negative results, such as loss of property, livelihoods, and even life. Defensive and retaliatory killing may eventually drive these species to extinction. Not only is human-wildlife conflict one of the greatest threats to some of the world’s most iconic species, but according to this report, A Future for All: The need for human-wildlife coexistence, it is just as much a development and humanitarian issue as it is a conservation concern.
The report explains the complexity of human-wildlife conflict and its underlying drivers; illustrates the direct impacts of human-wildlife conflict at various levels; highlights the need for more attention to this subject; describes ways to address it by unlocking solutions and moving towards coexistence, and provides an outlook on the future of coexistence between people and wildlife. It also calls on the global community to recognize HWC as a worldwide threat not just to wildlife and communities, but to various other sectors, and develop holistic and integrated measures that can be scaled up to minimize and manage HWC and enable coexistence. Achieving this will require collective and collaborative action from the international community, regional and national governments, companies, donor agencies, civil society organizations, people and communities, researchers, and individuals to co-create and implement context-specific solutions at scale.


An Oregon woman found more than a dozen wiggling worms in her eye and pulled them out one-by-one after becoming the first known human case of a parasitic infection spread by flies.
Abby Beckley, then 26, plucked out whatever was bothering her eye for the past week and realized it was a tiny translucent worm squirming on her finger tip.
"When I pulled out that worm," Beckley told the Oregonian. "I was just in shock."
The worm quickly died outside the safety of her eye but there were still 13 more she managed to remove on her own.
Beckley sought help with an Oregon Health & Science University's Dr. Erin Bonura and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. She was soon diagnosed with Thelazia gulosa — an eye worm that was only known to infect animals, such as cattle in the northern United States and southern Canada.
The worms — less than half an inch long — are spread by "face flies" that feed on an eyeball's moisture.
As for how Beckley became infected, she believes horseback riding and fishing in Gold Beach, Ore., a coastal, cattle-farming area, may have played a role.
"We do think she got it by walking through the cattle pastures," Bonura told the paper.
Beckley's ordeal went public in a CDC report published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Two other types of Thelazia eye worm infections had been documented in people before, but not the type Beckley discovered, the study found.
With News Wire Services


SDG 6 | Clean Water and Sanitation
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
related courses were offered in the 2019–20 academic year
CUHK is both the largest and greenest university in Hong Kong, with over 60% of the campus covered in vegetation. Irrigation is a significant challenge, which the University is determined to fully overcome. Water is used for irrigation, cleaning, washing, showering, cooking and the swimming pool. CUHK completed a water treatment plant in 2012, which enables Weiyuan Lake (Lake Ad Excellentiam) to supply the University’s water needs beyond irrigation. The lake can supply up to 1,100 cubic metres of water each day (after treatment) for campus irrigation and cleaning, and the cooling system.
Complementing the University’s sustainable campus development, CUHK Jockey Club Postgraduate Halls 2 & 3 embedded water conservation measures in their building design. The features include rainwater and grey water harvest systems, and twin tanks that provide an uninterrupted fresh and flush water supply to building users during maintenance.
Clean Access to Drinking Water
CUHK students, staff and caterers have been working together to go ‘plastic-free’ and build a sustainable and green campus. Multiple Go Green Water Stations were installed in 2020 to provide free drinking water to encourage ‘Bring Your Own’ behaviour and promote a ‘Plastic-free Campus’ to reduce waste at source.
Affordable and Clean Energy


At the 59th Annual Heard Museum Guild Indian Fair and Art Market, Catherine was awarded Second Place for her Elk Tooth Dress (right) and modeled her own work in the Second Annual Heard Museum Fashion Show (left).
Catherine modeled one of her traditional fashion pieces, which would typically be worn while dancing at a powwow, participating in a ceremony, or other old-style gathering. This traditional dress is inspired by Blackfeet fashion trends dating from the late Nineteenth Century. Catherine wore this dress in an effort to remind all that our traditional fashions are living art, not meant solely meant for museums or display alone.
The dress is made of fine Italian wool. On the hem and sleeves are brass sequins, each of which are hand-sewn on. Also on the hem and sleeves is antique silk ribbon. From the sleeves and bust on the front of the dress and back are eighty (80) brass thimbles that hang from strands of cut crystal beads.
The beadwork on the front and back reflects a traditional Blackfeet design, dating from the late Nineteenth Century.
The dress has 76 real bull ivory elk teeth hand sewn to the front and back. This is notable because each bull elk only has two of these teeth. Historically, women from plains tribes would prominently display these bull elk teeth on their traditional dresses to show what a good provider their male relatives were. It was a traditional sign of status.
Catherine also modeled her hand-made dentallium shell hair ties and breastplate. Traditionally, like the wearing of bull elk teeth, women from plains tribes incorporated dentallium shells into their traditional fashions as a showing of wealth and status.
Catherine also wore her Blackfeet Stand-Up War Bonnet, which was transferred to her by the former leader of the Blackfeet Horn Society, Bruce Wolf Child.


In an article written by Dr. Griffith Buck he outlines the basis of rose research conducted at Iowa State University from its early beginnings and up until his retirement in 1985. In this article he states, “Hardiness is a vital concern to gardeners everywhere, for, to a large degree, it influences one’s choice of plant materials and success in the garden. While the concept of the word “hardy” is universal, it is in its application that misunderstanding arises. A hardy plant is one capable of surviving without injury the climatic extremes of a given environment. This should imply not only winter hardiness, but also summer hardiness.” In Addition, “Plants which have been defoliated by disease or insect attack are especially vulnerable to premature freezes. Premature defoliation interferes with photosynthesis and, therefore, carbohydrate production by removing the organs concerned. Also, it can lead to the stimulation of late growth which is not only too immature to survive the winter temperatures but requires carbohydrates for its production, thus depleting the plants carbohydrate reserve and reducing hardiness.” What Causes Plant Hardiness? – Dr. Griffith Buck
These concerns about hardiness and the effect insects and diseases have on hardiness, not only for winter but for summer survival as well, sets the stage for a new system of evaluation of roses at Iowa State University. This system called Earth-Kind®, developed by horticulture specialists with the Texas AgriLife Extension Service (part of the Texas A&M University System, mandates a sustainable approach to landscape management. In addition, careful selection of plant varieties based not only for their ornamental characteristics, but their sustainability in the landscape, is a key component of this system as well. It is the plant evaluation aspect of Earth-Kind® that is the current focus of rose research at Iowa State University.


Charidemus in Wikipedia
Charidemus (in Greek Χαρίδημος), of Oreus in Euboea, was a Greek mercenary leader of the 4th century BC.
About 367 BC he fought under the Athenian general Iphicrates against Amphipolis. Being ordered by Iphicrates to take the Amphipolitan hostages to Athens, he allowed them to return to their own people, and joined Cotys, king of Thrace, against Athens.
Soon afterwards he fell into the hands of the Athenians and accepted the offer of Timotheus to re-enter their service. Having been dismissed by Timotheus (362 BC) he joined the revolted satraps Memnon and Mentor in Asia, but soon lost their confidence, and was obliged to seek the protection of the Athenians. Finding, however, that he had nothing to fear from the Persians, he again joined Cotys, on whose murder he was appointed guardian to his youthful son Cersobleptes.
In 357 BC, on the arrival of Chares with considerable forces, the Chersonese was restored to Athens. The supporters of Charidemus represented this as due to his efforts, and, in spite of the opposition of Demosthenes, he was honored with a golden crown and the franchise of the city. It was further resolved that his person should be inviolable.
In 351 BC he commanded the Athenian forces in the Chersonese against Philip II of Macedon, and in 349 BC he superseded Chares as commander in the Olynthian War. He achieved little success, but made himself detested by his insolence and profligacy, and was in turn replaced by Chares.
After Chaeroneia the war party would have entrusted Charidemus with the command against Philip, but the peace party secured the appointment of Phocion. He was one of those whose surrender was demanded by Alexander the Great after the destruction of Thebes, but escaped with banishment. He fled to Darius III, who received him with distinction. But, having expressed his dissatisfaction with the preparations made by the king just before the battle of Issus (333 BC), he was put to death.
Read More about Charidemus in Wikipedia


When asked to explain their understanding of the term “socialism,” 17% of Americans define it as government ownership of the means of production, half the number who defined it this way in 1949 when Gallup first asked about Americans’ views of the term. Americans today are most likely to define socialism as connoting equality for everyone, while others understand the term as meaning the provision of benefits and social services, a modified form of communism, or a conception of socialism as people being social and getting along with one another. About a quarter of Americans were not able to give an answer.
2018 1949 Sep 4-12 Sep 3-8 % % Equality – equal standing for everybody, all equal in rights, equal in distribution 23 12 Government ownership or control, government ownership of utilities, everything controlled by the government, state control of business 17 34 Benefits and services – social services free, medicine for all 10 2 Modified communism, communism 6 6 Talking to people, being social, social media, getting along with people 6 — Restriction of freedom – people told what to do 3 1 Liberal government – reform government, liberalism in politics 2 1 Cooperative plan 1 1 Derogatory opinions (non-specific) 6 2 Other 8 7 No opinion 23 36 GALLUP
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The effects of climate change have a cost and Loss and Damage compensation has formally made it on the COP27 climate summit agenda for the first time.
Newsnight’s Science Correspondent Kate Lamble looks at exactly what this may mean for many developing countries, which have low fossil fuel emissions but have suffered heavy consequences from climate change, with infrastructures washed away and population forced to relocate.
Gaston Browne from the Alliance of the Small Island States, who dubbed the compensation of countries most affected by the devastating effects of climate change as “climate justice”, advocates for holding large producers of fossil fuel energy to account.
However, developed nations have long been resistant to the idea they may hold any legal liability. Professor Lisa Vanhala from UCL argues this resistance has grown over time, with its culmination at the 2021 Glasgow COP26 when the US and the EU rejected the Loss and Damage proposal put forward by developing countries.
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Short for PHP Extension and Application Repository, PEAR is a framework and distribution system for reusable PHP components. PEAR is a community-driven project with the PEAR Group as the governing body. The project was founded by Stig S. Bakken in 1999.
The code in PEAR is partitioned in packages, where each package is a separate project with its own development team, version number, release cycle, documentation and a defined relation to other packages (including dependencies). Packages are distributed as gzipped tar files with a description file inside, and installed on your local system using the PEAR installer. There are two types of packages: source packages (containing source files only), and binary packages (containing platform-specific binary files, and possible source files). [Source: PEAR Manual]
PEX is a special dielectric that insulates each conductor from each other to help eliminate noise. It is a technology commonly used in Monster Cable products.
PEBCAK is technical support shorthand (slang) for “Problem Exists between Chair and Keyboard”. Generally this term is used by technical support personnel to describe a problem that was caused by the computer user as opposed to a technical problem with the physical computer equipment.
Short for Packet Filter PF is more commonly called the OpenBSD Packet Filter. Packet Filter is the system used by OpenBSD for filtering TCP/IP traffic and also for doing Network Address Translation (NAT). Packet Filter has been included in the OpenBSD kernel since the release of OpenBSD version 3.0.
Self-referentially short for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, an open source, server-side, HTML embedded scripting language used to create dynamic Web pages. In an HTML document, PHP script (similar syntax to that of Perl or C ) is enclosed within special PHP tags. Because PHP is embedded within tags, the author can jump between HTML and PHP […]
)(1) Short for pin grid array, a type of chip package in which the connecting pins are located on the bottom in concentric squares. PGA chips are particularly good for chips that have many pins, such as modern microprocessors. Compare with DIP and SIP. (2) Short for Professional Graphics Adapter, a video standard developed by […]


Environmental Stewardship Statement
The Center for Aquatic Sciences, in accordance with its mission to promote the protection of aquatic life and habitats, aims to serve as a leader and a resource in environmental stewardship and sustainability education.
As an environmental education and research organization, the Center for Aquatic Sciences plays a vital role in inspiring individuals to make small but meaningful lifestyle changes that benefit their local communities as well as the global ecosystem. The Center is committed to advancing the understanding of the societal origins of environmental burdens, the impact of these burdens on humanity and biodiversity, and their implications for future generations. Human industry, transportation, home energy use, injudicious land development and agricultural practices have elevated the abundance of greenhouse gasses, led to the emission of harmful pollutants, eliminated significant natural habitats and created enormous amounts of waste material. These effects have led to increased toxicity in the environment, caused a reduction in biodiversity, and created dramatic impacts on the climate. Aquatic ecosystems such as rivers, lakes and oceans have suffered disproportionate damage as a result.
Through education, we advocate for a fuller understanding of the role of human actions on aquatic ecosystems. Individual choices can have significant local impacts on environmental quality that add up to large scale ramifications globally. We promote concrete, positive changes that individuals can embrace in order to advance environmental stewardship, champion conservation, and restore damaged ecosystems.
Your choices can save money and improve health while benefiting the environment as well.
- Drive less often and maintain your vehicle. Select vehicles based on fuel efficiency.
- Investigate alternative means of transportation such as mass transit, bicycles and walking.
- Reduce energy use in your home through incorporation of all available conservation opportunities such as efficient light bulbs and appliance choices, insulation, thermostat settings and alternative energy sources.
- Reduce your use of disposable plastics and recycle the plastics you do use.
- Reduce water use in and around your home by not running water unnecessarily, fixing plumbing leaks promptly, and developing more diverse, drought tolerant, yard plantings.
- Capture rainwater to use for outdoor watering.
- Reduce fertilizer and pesticide use on your land by practicing conservation-oriented landscaping methods.
The Center for Aquatic Sciences serves as an educational resource for its constituency to inspire everyone to get involved in preserving and improving environmental quality for the benefit and sustainability of their communities, and the well-being of future generations.


the Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)they are organizing a workshop in the country for scientists from the entire West African sub-region.
The workshop will discuss the progress of the research known as the “Enable Lassa Research Program”, the largest study of Lassa fever ever conducted in the sub-region.
doctor Ifedayyo AdetifaManaging Director, NCDChe said this in an interview with the Nigerian News Agency on Saturday in Abuja.
Adetifa said the 3-day workshop brought together experts from Nigeria, Benin, Guinea, Liberia Y Sierra Leoneall the countries affected by Lassa fever to share progress, challenges and ideas from their work.
He said, “this was created and financed by CEPI.
The Enable program aims to provide a more detailed description of the epidemiology of Lassa fever in the region.
Adetifa said the agency was leading the Nigerian component of the study, while the project was also being carried out in Benin, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
“Lassa fever is usually transmitted to humans through infected rodents, and severe cases can lead to hemorrhagic fever associated with a high risk of death.
“It is recognized by World Health Organization (WHO)as a disease with epidemic potential.
“There are currently no Lassa fever vaccines approved for human use,” he explained.
YAYA The research was launched in 2020, while Enable aims to provide a better understanding of the true burden of Lassa disease in West Africa.
There are regular outbreaks of the disease in the subregion and the program guides the development of vaccines against the epidemic threat.
The Enable program has been created and funded by CEPI, which has established itself as one of the world’s largest funders of Lassa fever research.
First identified more than fifty years ago, Lassa fever is usually transmitted when a person comes into contact with the bodily fluids of the infected rodent species, Mastomys natalensis, also known as the multimammalian Natal rat or mouse.
You can also get the same disease from food and other materials contaminated by your urine, feces, and saliva.
News sourceCredit: NAN


A millennium-old minaret towering above Aleppo's Umayyad mosque, an imposing citadel overlooking the old city center, a medieval covered market and a 21st century shopping mall.
Before Syria's ruinous civil war struck Aleppo, the country's largest city was a busy commercial powerhouse and a proud historic center - its long heritage on display in ancient landmarks still used by modern day traders, travelers or worshippers.
But the war that erupted across Syria in 2011 exploded into Aleppo in the summer of 2012, when rebel fighters took over the east of the city.
The rebels hoped their march into Aleppo marked the beginning of the end for President Bashar al-Assad, while the government in Damascus pledged to swiftly drive them out.
Neither side achieved those goals, and the war in Aleppo dragged on more than four years. As the fighting ground on, Aleppo became the biggest prize of the civil war, even as the city itself crumbled under air strikes from government forces and bombardment by both sides.
Sections of the medieval souq, or market, have been ruined or burnt down, and the 11th century minaret at the Umayyad mosque was destroyed three years ago.
Modern structures have also suffered.
The Shahba shopping mall on the outskirts of the city has closed - taken over by various insurgent groups during different phases of the fighting around Aleppo.
The Baron Hotel, whose guest list included Kemal Ataturk, founder of modern Turkey; British colonial officer T.E. Lawrence, better known as Lawrence of Arabia; and King Faisal of Syria and Iraq, found itself abandoned on the front line.
Now the Syrian army, backed by Assad's Russian and Iranian allies, is poised to recapture the city after taking back all but a pocket of rebel territory in the east.
For the government, victory is in sight. But Aleppo is changed. Much is in ruins, and much has been lost - surviving only in pictures and memories.


We all know that feeling - we're awake but somehow unable to pay attention. Or we are paying attention but still miss what it is we were waiting for.
It turns out that feeling isn't just a matter of being spacey. It turns out that tiny little bits of our brains are constantly cycling in and out of sleep, and when those few cells are down, they miss things. What's more, when neurons are specifically paying attention, they spend less time in the sleepy part of the cycle.
I spoke with researcher Tatiana Engel, PhD, about this finding for a story I wrote, and she said, "Selective attention is similar to making small parts of your brain a little bit more awake."
In my story, I described the work:
When we are in a deep slumber our brain's activity ebbs and flows in big, obvious waves, like watching a tide of human bodies rise up and sit down around a sports stadium. It's hard to miss.
Now it turns out those same cycles exist in wake as in sleep, but with only small sections rather than the entire stadium sitting and standing in unison. It's as if tiny portions of the brain are independently falling asleep and waking back up all the time.
The researchers told me that it's not clear why the brain would be carrying out miniature sleep cycles, especially since they also made the unsurprising finding that the cells were less able to respond when in the sleepier state. They said the answer could have to do with saving energy or clearing toxins from the cells.
Regardless of why our brains do this, what's clear is that these newly discovered mini cycles relate to the brain's performance on a task. What I'd like to know is how to selectively alter those cycles, particularly in the parts of my brain that are focused on learning complicated neuroscience. Ongoing sleep cycles in miniature don't help when I've got one shot at talking to the researchers and a story due in days. Alas, I may need to wait on that.
Previously: From brains to computers: How do we reverse-engineer the most mysterious organ? and This is your brain on a computer chip
Image by ResoluteSupportMedia


A hair from nine cattles.
Meaning: Something that is unimportant.
My informant told me that this saying he learned from his older brothers or mother when he was in elementary school. This saying was used to describe the unimportance of an object.
He remembers that his brother used to say this to make him feel bad about accomplishing something or by taking something of his brothers, as a form of reverse psychology.
The saying derives from the idea that cattle have thousands of hairs, and if you take one hair from one ox it would not be important, and one cattle even less important, and nine cattle, the hair is as insignificant and small as a molecule.
For a specific example, he remembers that he would take a cracker from his brother and then would brag about it, to make him feel his stupid his brother would state this fact that what his little brother accomplished was insignificant, therefore being uncool.
The idea of cattle can come from the idea that cattle are very important in Chinese culture, as a main source of food. The cattle being important, and the hair not, giving a contrast of importance. The action being thought to be important, but then again, not.


On National Education Day, it is time to celebrate the transformation in school education from the 1940s to the 2020s. Coming out of the industrial revolution, post-independence, India’s nation-building efforts were centred around engineering and technology.
The objective of education in the 1950s was to primarily help a student prepare for a job and fit-in into a career in engineering or science. We have come a long way since then. Education in India today is all about understanding self, identifying passion, and expressing yourself.
The choices of the school curriculum and various career options for a student is truly heartening. NEP is the icing on the cake with a focus on applied learning, vocational training, internships, and applications of AI, Machine Learning, and Designing Thinking, in the school curriculum.
It also heartening to see school students solving real-world problems and triggering an era of social innovation. Quality of higher education institutions in India, with diverse career options especially in liberal arts, would surely help stem brain-drain in a big way!
Education builds responsible citizens and plays a very important role in shaping up the country’s future. The involvement of technology has completely transformed the pedagogical pattern in India making education more engaging & accessible to one and all.
The digital revolution has certainly opened new avenues to create a holistic environment with the best of the learning resources and access quality education especially in rural parts of the country. Being the facilitators, we should sincerely do our bit in promoting and uplifting the face of education which in turn shall fuel the holistic growth of our country.
(Expert inputs from Rajesh Panda, Founder & CEO, Corporate Gurukul and Kiran Dham, CEO, Globus Infocom)


As an AI language model, I do not have any personal opinions or beliefs, but I can write articles on any topic.
Good articles are those that present a clear message, with accurate information and a neutral tone. The article should also be engaging and interesting, captivating the reader’s attention from the first paragraph to the last sentence.
To write an outstanding article, one should choose a compelling topic that is relevant to a particular audience or readership. Then, the writer should do thorough research, looking for facts and statistics to support their claims. It is important to rely on reliable sources, such as academic papers, books, and reputable news outlets.
Next, the writer should develop a structured outline for their article. This helps to ensure that their writing is coherent and flows logically from one point to the next. The outline should include an introduction, the main points, and a conclusion that summarizes and re-emphasizes the central message of the article.
When it comes to writing the article, the writer should aim for clarity and conciseness. Avoid using jargon or technical language that may confuse the reader. Keep sentences short and simple, and use subheadings to break up the text and make it more digestible.
Finally, proofread the article before publishing it. Eliminate any typos, grammatical errors, or awkward sentences that may distract the reader from the content. One can also consider using a tool like Grammarly or Hemingway to help spot potential issues in the text.
Overall, writing a compelling and informative article requires a lot of effort and dedication. By following these guidelines, anyone can produce high-quality content that informs, educates, and entertains their audience.


Technological process includes the production of yarn from cotton fiber and production of knitted fabric. IV – V type of cotton, I-II variety are commonly used as a raw materials.
1. Cotton fiber arrives from the warehouse and goes to the Blowroom opening and cleaning department equipped with Trutzschler machines. Cotton bales are compressed as the beams are decreased to the least and cleared of refuse and foreign matters with minimal loss and damage. In order to produce uniform quality of yarn produced blending fibers of different varieties and types. Different types and sorts of cotton fiber are being mixed, so the quality of yarn is steady.
2. Purified fiber goes to a carding machine where it is opened, micropollutants are eliminated, knots are untangled, short fibers are remove, and tape is formed. Fibers are straightened and parallelized along the tape axis. As a result, the degree of fibers uniformity increases. Then cotton tapes are under processing on combing machines.
3. Combing machines are used in order to leave the specified quantity of short fibers, impurities, and also to remove tape lumps and produce most uniform cotton tape. Tape goes on drawing frames, where it is re-parallelized and leveled. Operations of rinsing, bleaching, mixing, and pressing of tapes are also being implemented here.
4. Produced tape is usually pretty rough, and before served to the spinning equipment it has to be softened on roving frames. Finished rovings comes to the ring spinning machine.
5. While being spinned rovings are twisted and rotated on ring frames. Torsion processes continues until the rovings correspond the required fineness according to the set number. The finished yarn is wound on a bobbin and fed to the winding frame.
6. Winding machine improves the uniformity of the yarn, making winding on cones with minimum loss of quality.
7. Packaging of finished products is carried out by trucks, winding equipment and enters the unit of ultraviolet radiation, where quality control is being executed.


Clearfield, Pa. was settled in the early 19th century and incorporated as a borough in 1840, when it was named the county seat of Clearfield County. The region became a center of lumber and coal activity as industrial operations began moving materials along the West Branch of the Susquehanna River.
A few Jewish families in Clearfield organized B’nai Levi-House of Jacob Congregation in 1917, according to a directory listing in the 1919-1920 edition of the American Jewish Yearbook. The Jewish populationof the borough grew in the decade after the congregation was founded. The American Jewish Yearbook listed a population of 68 in its 1918-1919 edition and a population of 150 in its 1928-1929 edition. By the 1940-1941 edition of the yearbook, the Jewish population of Clearfield had fallen to 50. The original B’nai Levi-House of Jacob Congregation appears to have been dissolved at some point after 1937. A new group organized the Clearfield Jewish Council as early as 1946. The congregation acquired and renovated an old Pennsylvania Telephone Company building at 110 East Locust St. in 1949 and obtained a charter in 1950. The group changed its name to Temple Beth Shalom in 1965. The congregation established a cemetery within the Crown Crest Memorial Park between Curwensville, Pa. and Hyde, Pa. The earliest burial date in the cemetery appears to be 1966. Temple Beth Shalom closed around 2010, sold its synagogue building to Clearfield Arts Studio Theatre, Inc. and merged with Congregation Brit Shalom in State College, Pa.


Cleveland Public Library’s motto of “Books, Information, Service” was particularly fitting as the Library was very much engaged in the war effort over the years, providing books to our service members and even sending library staff to serve overseas. During WWI, the United States government asked the American Library Association to set up libraries for troops in 32 military camps. The Cleveland Public Library held fundraising drives for these war service libraries.
Besides his duties as director of CPL, William Howard Brett served on the Finance Committee of the ALA War Service. He also served as the dispatch agent at Newport News, Virginia, overseeing the shipment of books to troops overseas. This bookplate, designed by the New York artist, Mr. C.B. Falls , was a memorial to William H. Brett after his death in August 1918. At the time of his death, the suggestion was made that instead of flowers, Brett would have preferred contributions to purchase books to be given to soldiers.
Annie Cutter was a CPL staff member assigned to a camp library at St. Aignan-Noyer, 70 miles southwest of Paris during the war. Ms. Cutter wrote “He (Brett) would be gratified by the number of Cleveland books which come in all the boxes shipped to us. They far outstrip those from any other city.” (The Open Shelf, April 1919)
Every professionally trained person in the library was in turn loaned to serve as Librarian at Camp Sherman, near Chillicothe. Service there lasted from five weeks to several months. Carl Vitz, Vice-Librarian, and Gordon Thayer, head of the White Collection, both served at Camp Sherman. Some librarians were sent further away, and even overseas. Marilla Freeman, a Librarian at Cleveland Public Library and pictured at the far right in the above photo, served as hospital librarian at the Red Cross Convalescent House at Camp Dix, New Jersey. Another CPL librarian, Louise Prouty, served in France and Germany.


Free Single Quadrant 1 Per Page Graphing Paper PDF 22KB 1 Page S – Graph paper is a great method to use within an artwork or drawing class. A great deal of teachers do not prefer to teach drawing simply because they are afraid that their college students can get bored and quit, but this is not true in a lot of cases. In fact, many individuals find it hard to learn to draw because they get bored effortlessly. Therefore, they’ve discovered a new method to learn how to draw and graph paper tends to make learning much more exciting and enjoyable.
The hottest type of graph paper is the grid paper. These are often printed on regular scrapbook paper and then they can be used to draw with the computer using the software accessible. This set of printable graph paper is available in various inch increments from one inch to 1 inch, so you may be certain that you can get the correct quantity of paper for the needs. There are also paper sets available that have several different types of graph paper on them, so you can have all different types of paper for every piece that you do to find out to draw. You can use these to practice the different types of lines and designs, you need to know to be able to get your graph in form prior to you start on a sketch. An additional great feature of the grid paper is that you do not have to wait for the ink to dry prior to you use it to draw anything. You can use it correct away because it doesn’t consider long to dry and can hold its shape for a number of times.
There are many various styles of paper to decide on from, based on what type of impact you wish to attain. For instance, if you have a drawing lesson on landscape and you wish to learn how to draw hills, then you might want to get some graph paper that depicts them. Some of the graph paper also has different colored areas in them for each various color of the hill that you are drawing. Which means that you will be able to discover how to draw several differing types of hills without needing to learn a various fashion of graph paper. Of course, some lecturers favor to use different colors, but there are some that do not. You will have to choose which style of graph paper best fits your requirements, as nicely as the other elements of your lesson.
Source image: www.speedytemplate.com


When you cut boxwood, you can propagate it too
Common boxwood or Buxus sempervirens is a shrub naturally found in Asia, North Africa, Southern and Central Europe and from Himalayas to the Caucasus. In Europe, people usually grow it as an ornamental plant, mainly because it can grow practically anywhere and deals with pruning well.
It may grow to a height of 3 m and it appears very compact and maintains a solid spherical shape even without maintenance. It has rigid, elliptical and shiny dark green leaves. They feel leathery on touch. Leaves grow very densely and are firmly attached to twigs. Thanks to this people dry twigs with leaves and use them in dry flower arrangements. The only little drawback is that they give off kind of unpleasant smell when cut.
Boxwood propagates easily
Gardening manuals will tell you to take mature shoots in August, but in fact you can take them at any time – for example, during a spring pruning done to maintain shape. Even last year’s shoots will take root quite easily. Make sure the bottom of the cut is firm and does not bend if you press lightly on it. Then remove the bottom half of leaves.
Soak the end of the cutting in a suitable root stimulant. If the cuttings are really young, remove the last few undeveloped leaves to prevent loss of the much-needed moisture. Finally, plant them in a suitable substrate deep enough – all the way to the first pair of leaves.
Where and how to grow boxwood
Find a partially shaded spot with moist soil. Prepare the soil by mixing common gardening substrate with sand or, even better with deacidified peat and sand mixed in 1:1 ratio. Do not forget regular watering. After just a few weeks, they should take roots. During the first winter the plants need protection so you may put them in a cold greenhouse, or at least protect them with twigs . In general, it is recommended to grow small boxwood plants in a flower pot for the first two years and then transplant them outside. This way the root system will strengthen and your plans will grow faster.
Preview photo: Pixabay
Gardening is my hobby, I have a lot of experience and I am happy to share it.


Compensatory mitigation is the restoration, establishment, enhancement, or preservation of aquatic resources for the purpose of offsetting unavoidable losses of aquatic resources resulting from activities authorized by Corps permits.
The Corps' mitigation policy, relative to projects authorized under our Regulatory Program, is explained in a Memorandum of Agreement between the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of the Army, which was signed on February 6, 1990. The memorandum establishes that: "The Corps will strive to avoid adverse impacts and offset unavoidable adverse impacts to existing aquatic resources, and for wetlands, will strive to achieve a goal of no overall net loss of values and functions."
If a proposed permit action would result in impacts to wetlands, these special conditions often include provisions requiring the permittee to compensate for the expected impact. This compensation is commonly referred to as compensatory mitigation. It may also be referred to simply as mitigation, although strictly speaking, it is only one of three forms of mitigation.
The first two forms, avoidance and minimization are typically addressed through alternative siting and/or modifications to the project design. For most permits and in particular those subject to regulation under the Clean Water Act, avoidance and minimization of impacts to aquatic resources, including wetlands, must be addressed prior to considering compensatory mitigation. Compensatory mitigation, therefore, is only utilized to offset impacts which are otherwise unavoidable. The process of incorporating all appropriate and practicable measures to avoid, minimize and, finally, compensate for impacts to aquatic resources caused by permit actions is referred to as mitigation sequencing.
There are three ways compensatory mitigation can be provided: mitigation banks, in-lieu fee programs, and permittee-responsible mitigation. Mitigation banks and in-lieu fee programs are generally the preferred options for compensatory mitigation because they consolidate resources and involve more financial planning and scientific expertise. These factors help reduce the risk of failure of mitigation projects.
Click on the links below for more information on different types of compensatory mitigation.


Many people feel that helping others is the right thing to do; this is especially true when it comes to helping children. Helping children is important because it prevents future problems in society. It teaches us compassion and sincerity, and can make us happy as we help others. In addition, donating money helps us sleep better at night knowing that we’ve made a difference.
Kids in need suffer from many physical ailments. They don’t have access to proper nutrition, education or health care. They are also vulnerable to abuse and neglect. People tend to forget about these children and leave them on the street without food or clothing. It’s tough for them to live with illness or poverty without anyone to help them. Fortunately, there are many great organizations that provide food, clothing and education to kids in need.
It’s difficult to quantify just how much helping kids has helped society. Kids who don’t get sick from lack of food are exploited by adults. They can’t vote or hold jobs; this prevents future problems with the government. Furthermore, helping kids teaches us compassion and sincerity. We understand that making a mistake as a child makes you more likely to do so as an adult. Helping kids helps prevent these problems by giving you a good foundation for your life.
Donating money is one of the most effective ways to help kids without spending lots of money. There are several organizations that receive donations of money each year; they distribute that money among children’s shelters around the country. This gives you the opportunity to feel good knowing that you’ve helped sick kids without ever leaving your house. You can also donate time by volunteering at one of these shelters or donating clothes or food directly to the kids. Many volunteers say that they didn’t realize how helpful they were until they returned home and saw how much their donations had helped the kids.
It’s important to help others when you can. Kids suffer greatly in many parts of the world every day. Donating money helps you feel good while helping others; it’s an easy way to help others that keeps you happy every time you do it. There are plenty of ways to help kids without spending a lot of money- just look around and find something that needs doing!


Compost can act as a great fertilizer, enriching the soil with organic materials rather than making use of chemicals that can do more harm than good if used badly. Composting is a great way to save money as well. Using compost requires that you completely mix it into the soil, reducing compaction and providing oxygenation to the soil. Compost can help plants stay healthier, and that contributes to their ability to repel diseases and survive insect attacks. A healthy landscape can be achieved with a little help from composting.
It is critical to note that kompostownik z palet composting does require a little extra work. The mound needs to be turned, and you need to make certain that you have adequate break down of the items in your compost pile. You need to be selective in what you put in your compost: it ought only be items that will break down naturally. Plant matter (including pulled weeds) and various foods are excellent in compost and will add to the health of your soil, and so to your landscape over all. There is no reason, though, that your compost pile needs to be a true pile. A bin can help you better hold your compost and preserve it from being spread across your compound in a smelly mess by animals or a really ferocious downpour.
The first thing you need to do before you set up a compost bin is decide what your needs are. Numerous people in reality use a three-bin combination. The bins may be connected, or they may be individually lined up. Some people use the bins for distinct types of compost (regular compost, slow compost like woody plants, and leaves collected in the fall). Others like to have a three-bin system for the turning purposes. Move the compost from one bin into the next, allowing it to turn. Then you can start a pile in the newly vacated bin. By the time the compost makes it into the third bin, it is ready for use. Others find that a single bin is adequate for their needs, and just go out to stir it throughout now and then.


Value Stream map to analyze and visualize how the eco-system creates value
A Value Stream Map is used to specify Value Streams. A Value Stream is defined by a Value Proposition, and the Activities that contribute to that Value Proposition. An Activity can contribute to more than one Value Proposition, and therefore can be contained in multiple Value Streams.
Value Streams are artifacts within business architecture that allow a business to specify the value proposition derived by an external (e.g., customer) or internal stakeholder from an organization. A value stream depicts the stakeholders initiating and involved in the value stream, the stages that create specific value items, and the value proposition derived from the value stream. The Value Stream is depicted as an end-to-end collection of value-adding activities that create an overall result for a customer, stakeholder, or end-user.
In modeling terms, those value-adding activities are represented by value stream stages, each of which creates and adds incremental stakeholder value items from one stage to the next.
Purpose of Value Streams
Value Streams are a component of the business ecosystem that describe how a stakeholder – often a customer – receives value from an organization. As opposed to many previous attempts at describing stakeholder value, Value Streams take the perspective of the initiating or triggering stakeholder rather than an internal value chain or process perspective. From this outside-in view, Value Streams can be cross-mapped to enabling Business Capabilities that describe what and how, respectively, an organization must do to deliver value to the stakeholder.
With the Value Stream map designer you can edit and visualize which Competencies are used or applied by the Activity Shapes.
Elements in a Value Stream Map can be mapped to elements in structured Business Models and their related Value Propositions, Activities and Competencies. Based on such mapping, elements in structured Business Models can be created and existing ones can be selected for visualization.
Here a screenshot of a Value Stream map
The Value Stream map designer provide also insight in the Value impact of your plan. All Values that are related to the Value proposition or performed Activities can be visualized in the Values tab.


Dyslexia screening can be the first step in the identification of dyslexia. It will:
- Establish whether a child is at risk of dyslexia and to what extent
- Provide a profile of strengths and weaknesses to highlight support and development for the child
- Help you to decide whether a full assessment is necessary
- The test takes approximately 1. 5 hrs plus feedback time.
A confidential report, outlining the results and learning interventions will be completed, followed by a follow up consultation to discuss the details.
Some individuals with apparently normal eyesight, experience discomfort when viewing print. Some report that the words appear to move, wobble or flicker while others say that the page appears too bright or the words are too close together. Those affected by the condition may skip words or lines when reading. Others report eyestrain or headaches after reading.
Screening can help determine whether you have Irlen, the severity of it and what your distortions are. The use of coloured overlays can relieve these symptoms, minimise distortions and make it easier to sustain reading, math or computer use. They can make a huge difference to reading performance and comprehension and a decrease in headaches and tension may also be noticed. The colour required is specific to each person.
For more information please visit www.irlen.com.
Fee: £80 (includes a written report)


Remdesivir is an antiviral medication that targets a range of viruses. It was originally developed over a decade ago to treat hepatitis C and a cold-like virus called respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Remdesivir wasn’t an effective treatment for either disease. But it showed promise against other viruses.
Researchers tested remdesivir in clinical trials during the Ebola outbreak. Other investigational medications worked better, but it was shown to be safe for patients. Studies in cells and animals suggested that remdesivir was effective against viruses in the coronavirus family, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).
Remdesivir works by interrupting production of the virus. Coronaviruses have genomes made up ribonucleic acid (RNA). Remdesivir interferes with one of the key enzymes the virus needs to replicate RNA. This prevents the virus from multiplying.
Researchers began a randomized, controlled trial of the antiviral in February 2020 to test whether remdesivir could be used to treat SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. By April, early results indicated that remdesivir accelerated recovery for hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. It became the first drug to receive emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat people hospitalized with COVID-19.