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Check out the video below to see a course sample for the country India.
Watch the video below to learn more about the Cultural Awareness course.
our diverse world
Globalization and the internet are bringing people of different backgrounds, values, and beliefs together like never before while conflict and misunderstanding are on the rise.
To help kids thrive in our globally integrated world, creating a place that is kinder, more understanding and open-minded.
Explorer lets kids access fun, educational videos and activities of kids across the world sharing aspects of their daily life and culture.
Kids pick the countries they want to explore and go at their own pace.
cultural awareness course
A guided experience that builds on the Explorer by providing direction and specific learning outcomes.
Kids will explore 10 different countries, each with 8 lessons. The lessons focus on various topics, from geography and languages to daily life. Guided by our whole child philosophy, every lesson incorporates several different learning activities aimed at building kids' cultural intelligence and character.
Course activity book
The activity book gets kids off the screen by engaging them in fun and meaningful activities designed to help them master the material from the Cultural Awareness course.
The book is included with the purchase of the course and is shipped to your home.
course map and stickers
Kids participating in the Cultural Awareness course receive stickers in the mail as they complete each country.
The stickers are to be placed on the sticker map as a way to track kids' progress through the course. The sticker map is sent along with the activity book.
Parents Love it
Erika - U.S.A.
"I feel like KidCulture helps children see the world as a whole...I also see this program having an impact on the culture of kindness and the way that we treat others."
"It's so great when my kids come up to me with new words that they've learned in Russian or new insights they've gained from learning what life is like in Kiribati or Tanzania"
"Since my daughter joined KidCulture she's grown so much. She used to be very shy and quiet, and now she's gained so much confidence."
Daniella - Australia
Meriska - south africa
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Hadrianopolis is a Roman city lying in the region of ancient Epirus (in what is now modern-day Albania, south of Gjirokastra) originally inhabited by the Greek tribe of the Chaonians. The city was founded by the emperor Hadrian – who visited the area in AD 125 – on the site of an earlier Hellenistic settlement.
Coordinates: 40° 22′ 37″ N, 19° 41′ 59″ E
Ancient sources mentioned a city built during the reign of Hadrian called Hadrianopolis and located between Apollonia and Nicopolis, according to the Tabula Peutingeriana. In the 1970s, a landslide revealed the remains of an ancient theatre in the Drinos Valley, near the village of Sofratikë. It was not until 2002 when subsequent excavations and geophysical research were carried out, that archaeologists realised they had uncovered Hadrianopolis.
The city occupied a square area ca. 400m x 400m in size (about 16 hectares) and was planned following a regular grid pattern with streets crossing each other at right angles. The most prominent archaeological remains excavated so far are the Roman theatre and a large public building which included a bath complex with hot and cold rooms.
Hadrianopolis enjoyed continuous habitation until at least the end of the 5th century AD. During the 6th century AD, the Byzantine emperor Justinian I fortified several outposts throughout the region and is known to have re-founded Hadrianopolis as Justinianopolis.
Stunning photo’s Carole. Thanks for including us in your journey.
LikeLiked by 1 person
Magic trip 🙂
I stumbled on this website and am so excited to see the content!
I love the fact that this amazing discovery of the 21st century was so close to neighborhoods of the Albanian town seen in the background of the well-crafted photos of the theatre remnants! All covered and a historian’s mystery until a landslide and some human curiosity that led to archaeological scrutiny!


You Can Watch Adorable and Endangered Ferrets Grow Up Live
Posted By : The Animal Facts Editorial Team
Date: May 17, 2020 9:34 pm
Photo Credit: Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
The endangered black footed ferret has received a boost to its population with the birth of 6 kits at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, and you can watch them grow up from the comfort of your home.
Mother Potpie gave birth to the kits on the morning of mother’s day, May 10. They are the first black footed ferrets born at the SCBI this year.
Their father, Denver arrived at SCBI in 2018 from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife’s (USFWS) Ferret Center in Colorado on a breeding recommendation from the Association of Zoo’s and Aquarium’s Species Survival Plan.
Potpie and Denver are both second time parents having produced a total of 12 kits in 2019 but these were with different mates. Potpie is one of 19 females housed at the SCBI and it is expected that more of these will give birth in the coming weeks.
At birth the kits were blind and weighed less than 10 grams. As they grow their eyes will open by 35 days old and 5 days later they will start to explore outside. It will be four months before they wean from mum.
You can watch the kits develop on the SCBIs new ferret cam. This black and white noiseless camera allows watchers to see the black footed ferrets grow up without interfering with their development.
Watch the live stream here – SCBI Ferret Cam
Until they were rediscovered in Wyoming in 1981 it was believed that this species was extinct. Since their rediscovery a range of conservation measures, including the managed breeding program these kits are part of, have led to them becoming more numerous.
The SCBI has been highly successful in breeding black footed ferrets with over 960 born as part of their program.
These kits may move to another zoo to continue as part of the breeding program or they may be prepared for release back to the wild.
Learn more about black footed ferrets here – Black Footed Ferret | The Animal Facts
Learn more about the SCBI on their website – Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
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Butterflies are biologically suitable as indicator species, having rapid lifecycles and, in many cases, high sensitivity to environmental conditions allow us to assess the impacts of climate change.
The UK butterfly monitoring scheme transect method, involves weekly butterfly counts along fixed routes throughout the season. These species counts generate annual site abundance indices.
Results are split over two graphs for clarity.
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Air conditioners are complex systems, and it’s unreasonable to expect you as a homeowner to know exactly how they work. After all, you don’t need to know how your car works down to the smallest detail in order to drive it. However, there are a couple of air conditioner parts that you should know a bit better. One of these parts is the compressor. Let’s take a closer look at the compressor, and how it can affect the wider system.
What is the Compressor?
The compressor is a pump responsible for circulating refrigerant gas through the air conditioner. After the refrigerant is evaporated by the evaporator coil, it flows down the refrigerant line to the compressor. There, it is compressed to propel it down the refrigerant line to the condenser coil. The compressor is one of the most important parts of the air conditioner, because it both circulates the refrigerant and maintains the rhythm of the system.
The biggest problem for compressors is contact with liquid. The compressor is only meant to handle gas for circulation. Exposure to liquid not only causes the compressor to malfunction, but can cause it to break down completely. This often occurs when the compressor is exposed to refrigerant that has not been evaporated, typically as a result of another problem with the air conditioner. If the compressor tries to compress liquid refrigerant, the pressure will cause part or all of it to break. Without a working compressor, your air conditioner will be unable to function. The sign of a damaged compressor is typically short-cycling, when your air conditioner rapidly turns itself on and off.
If you’d like to know more, call Saddleback Plumbing. We provide air conditioner repair services throughout Orange County, CA.


Grassland management practices and their interactions with climatic variables have significant impacts on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Mathematical models can be used to simulate the impacts of management and potential changes in climate beyond the temporal extent of short-term field experiments. In this study, field measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) emissions from grassland soils were used to test and validate the DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition) model. The model was then applied to predict changes in GHG emissions due to interactions between climate warming and grassland management in a 30-year simulation. Sensitivity analysis showed that the DNDC model was susceptible to changes in temperature, rainfall, soil carbon and N-fertiliser rate for predicting N2O and CO2 emissions, but not for net CH4 emissions. Validation of the model suggests that N2O emissions were well described by N-fertilised treatments (relative variation of 2%), while non-fertilised treatments showed higher variations between measured and simulated values (relative variation of 26%). CO2 emissions (plant and soil respiration) were well described by the model prior to hay meadow cutting but afterwards measured emissions were higher than those simulated. Emissions of CH4 were on average negative and largely negligible for both simulated and measured values. Long-term scenario projections suggest that net GHG emissions would increase over time under all treatments and interactions. Overall, this study confirms that GHG emissions from intensively managed, fertilised grasslands are at greater risk of being amplified through climate warming, and represent a greater risk of climate feedbacks.
|Publication status||Published - Dec 2022|
- climate change
- DNDC model
- GHG fluxes
- temperate grassland


While reading George MacDonald's "At the Back of the North Wind" this afternoon, I was forced to halt my reading in order that I might satisfy an etymological question raised by the text. At one point, while riding a top a horse led by his father through London, Diamond (the story's main character) sees a "humble-bee."
When presented with such interesting names, my mind instantly goes to work on thinking through the historic, etymolgic, and poetic uses of a word. From the text it was clear that MacDonald had in mind what I would call a bumblebee.
One of my favourite tools on the web right now is Google's Book Ngram Viewer. I have lost hours (many, many hours) to it, and this afternoon was no different. I went in search of the humble bee. I found it, crossing paths with the bumblebee. When did this insect change its name? I'll tell you, and it depends on the literary corpus you examine:
- American English
- British English
The difference between the two is interesting. But as interesting as this particular case is, what is more important to state here is that having access to this tool is beyond incredible. We need to use it more. It's hard to overestimate what a gift such a tool really is.


Eight monitoring schemes have contributed data to this report. Six provide data on changes in abundance: these are the BTO/JNCC/RSPB Breeding Bird Survey, Common Birds Census, BTO/JNCC/RSPB Waterways Breeding Bird Survey, Waterways Bird Survey, Heronries Census and the Constant Effort Sites ringing scheme.
Two schemes, the Nest Record Scheme and Constant Effort Sites, provide data on changes in breeding productivity. Data on survival rates come from detailed analyses of the retrappings and recoveries of ringed birds, from Retrapping Adults for Survival, Constant Effort Sites and the general Ringing Scheme. In addition, information on waterbirds from the BTO/RSPB/JNCC Wetland Bird Survey is included where relevant.
The methodologies of the monitoring schemes are described in turn, including information on fieldwork, data preparation, sampling considerations and the statistical methods used in analysis. Most of the analyses were undertaken using R software (R Core Team 2018), while the preparation of tables and graphs were undertaken using SAS software (SAS 2011).
The two final parts of the methods section concern the alert system. These deal, first in descriptive terms and second in statistical detail, with the system by which the results of monitoring surveys raise alerts and thereby are brought to the attention of conservation bodies.
This report should be cited as: Massimino, D., Woodward, I.D., Hammond, M.J., Barber, L., Barimore, C., Harris, S.J., Leech, D.I., Noble, D.G., Walker, R.H., Baillie, S.R. & Robinson, R.A. (2020) BirdTrends 2020: trends in numbers, breeding success and survival for UK breeding birds. BTO Research Report 732. BTO, Thetford. www.bto.org/birdtrends
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HPV refers to Human Papillomavirus. This is a common virus, which has got more than 100 different types and over 40 of these types are transmitted sexually. This virus may cause cervical cancer and cases of genital warts. It is likely to occur in people who are sexually active to contract genital HPV, and it is not accompanied by any signs or symptoms. The virus is transmitted via skin to skin contact and is severely infectious in nature. Using condoms may reduce the risk of spreading of this virus, but is not always successful.
There are two major vaccines for HPV.
Reasons for vaccination against HPV
HPV vaccines are recommended to girls between 11 and 12 years. It is also given to girls and women between the age of 13 and 26 years, who have never been vaccinated against HPC before. These vaccines should be given to females before they start being active sexually and get exposed to the HPV virus. Sexually active females benefit from these vaccines as well, but the effect is less.
Here are three reasons why you should vaccinate against HPV:
HPV vaccines are a series of effective vaccines, which prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer and other cancers which are sexually transmitted. They are generally given to women before getting sexually active to prevent transmission of HPV viruses. Some HPV vaccines are prescribed to males as well. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult a doctor and ask a free question.
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Official Name: Jamhuri ya Kenya (Swahili); Republic of Kenya (English)
Total Area (Sq Mi): 228,561
Population (2020 est.): 48,417,000
Location: Coast of East Africa
Monetary Unit: Kenyan shilling (K Sh)
Kenya’s flag is based on the Kenya African National Union and after independence in 1963 from England, was officially adopted. The Maasai shield and crossed spears represent the traditional Kenyan way of life. The Maasai are nomadic pastoral people who lived in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya to Tanzania. Nairobi is the capital city today but historically it was Mombasa. Swahili and English are the national languages, but there are 69 languages spoken with two broad language families, Niger-Congo (Bantu branch) and Nilo-Saharan (Nilotic branch).
The human history of Kenya dates back millions of years and some of the earliest fossilised human remains were found there. The Cushites first settled in the lowland between 3,200 and 1,300 BC.
In the mid-1880s when Germany, France and Britain were carving up East Africa, and the Imperial British East African Company (IBEACO) was set up to develop African trade in the areas controlled by the British. The British were interested in East Africa because it would connect trade in Africa from South Africa to Egypt. Kenya’s Economy is the largest in East Africa and it’s main industries are tea, coffee and most recently fresh flowers. Tourism is also a major economic driver.


For tussock-covered South Island hill country to be suitable for stock grazing, it needed to be sown with improved pasture species. Plant breeding and selection from the introduced English varieties produced clovers that could establish rapidly and provide a nitrogen source for associated grasses, ensuring a permanent, new, and more productive pasture could be established in a wide range of New Zealand environments. Here Bruce Levy espouses the advantages of improved pasture species over the native varieties.
Sound file from Radio New Zealand Sound Archives Nga Taonga Kōrero. Any re-use of this audio is a breach of copyright. To request a copy of the recording, contact Sound Archives Ngā Taonga Kōrero (Grasslands in retrospect - episode 3/Reference number D831.2a sa-d-00831-02-s01-pm).
Te whakamahi i tēnei tūemi
Photograph by Paul Gregg
This item has been provided for private study purposes (such as school projects, family and local history research) and any published reproduction (print or electronic) may infringe copyright law. It is the responsibility of the user of any material to obtain clearance from the copyright holder.
Tāpiritia te tākupu hou


Florida residents could be forgiven for thinking that polygraph machines were invented quite recently. The devices, which are often called lie detectors, measure stress by noticing changes in an individual’s blood pressure, heart rate, perspiration and breathing patterns. This may sound like modern technology, but the first polygraph was developed almost 100 years ago. Scientists, legal scholars, lawmakers and police officers have been arguing over the reliability of lie-detector tests for almost as long.
Polygraph evidence in criminal trials
Prosecutors, judges and juries tend to like scientific evidence because it is clear cut and not subject to broad interpretation, and polygraph results were once considered to be as reliable as fingerprints. The first people to have polygraph evidence used against them in a criminal trial were two men who were convicted of attempted murder in 1935. The American Polygraph Association claims that lie detectors are 90% accurate, but this view is not shared by professional organizations like the American Psychological Association.
Polygraph admissibility today
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1998 that polygraph evidence was not reliable enough to establish guilt or innocence, but the justices left the question of admissibility up to state lawmakers. In Florida, law enforcement cannot force suspects to take lie-detector tests, but polygraph evidence can be presented in court if both the prosecutor and defendant agree.
Polygraphs and plea bargaining
While an experienced criminal defense attorney would likely advise their client to refuse to take a polygraph test in a police station, they may suggest that they take one far away from the gaze of law enforcement. If the results are not good, the attorney and their client could say no more about the matter. If the outcome is positive, the attorney could use the results to secure more favorable terms during plea negotiations.


A whole different toxic masculinity issue
If the example is a girl got me drunk one night and took advantage of me, or sexually assaulted me, for me to come home and tell my teammates that, they might be like, “Shit, what are you complaining about? What's the issue?” And again, that's a whole different toxic masculinity issue. But it's the reality in our lives as Black men. Even if I kind of felt violated by the girl, I would probably take that on the chin or, you know, find a way not to let that come out, because of the amount of embarrassment. Or it'd be more of a joke as opposed to “shoot, let me really think and try to help this man.” There might be some people that would [answer that way], but the majority would be like, "What the hell, bro?"
Consider how a student's identities might affect their expectations and concerns when accessing supports following a sexual assault, or when involved in a sexual assault investigation.
Including male students across cultures in discussions of sexual violence, gender stereotypes, and stereotypes of masculinity.
Ensure all sexual violence prevention and response education and training opportunities actively deconstruct victim-blaming, rape myths and gender norms. Ensure these sessions take an intersectional approach to understanding sexual violence and supporting victim/survivors.
In education and awareness campaigns, highlight the fact that a significant percentage of men have experienced sexual violence in their lives.


|Willinger, K.; Thelakkat, M.: Photosensitizers in Solar Energy Conversion in Eds.: Tebello Nyokong, Vefa Ahsen: Photosensitizers in medicine, environment, and security, Springer, 527-618 (2012) -- DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3872-2|
Todays energy problems arise from the predicted exhaustion of fossil energy resources and the negative aspects of climate change. Additionally, the increasing energy needs and the improved environmental awareness of people all over the world necessitate the utilization of environmental friendly energy sources. The most abundant energy source is the sun. The solar energy is largely available, surpassing our annual energy demand by the factor of 10,000. Each second the sun produces enough energy to cover the energy demand for the whole humanity for 1,000,000 years. The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) concept is an interesting alternative to conventional silicon based solar cells due to its advantages of easy and fast fabrication, low production costs, short energy payback time and high photoelectric conversion effi ciencies. In the following pages an overview shall be given of the operation principle of DSCs and the dyes used as sensitizers for solar energy conversion. The aim is to give an outline of the evolution of the DSC concept, the advantages and drawbacks of dye-sensitized systems and the different dyes (metalorganic and organic) applied in liquid and solid-state DSCs. Furthermore, the state of the art performance of the different types of dyes will be given.


This week’s assignment will be to create an Annotated Bibliography for your Course Project Topic. Using the Rasmussen Library, identify at least 2 resources pertaining to your topic using the….
Describe two actual or potential risk factors for the client based on the assessment findings with description or reason for selection of them.
General Survey Form
Objective: Conduct a General survey on a person of your choice. The purpose of this interaction is observation only.
1. Physical Appearance/Hygiene:
a. General appearance:
c. Apparent age
d. Ethnic group
e. Appears overall healthy
f. Well-groomed or disheveled (Note the general color of skin and hygiene)
2. Body Structure and Movement (Observe general stature):
a. Height appropriate for apparent age
b. Appears well nourished
c. Weight suitable for the height
d. Position or posture (comfortable and relaxed)
e. Obvious deformities
f. Walks with ease
g. Gait balanced and smooth
h. Limitations to range of motion
i. Involuntary movements
j. Using assistive devices
3. Emotional/Mental Status and Behavior:
Level of alertness
Appear well rested or tired
Behavior appropriate for the situation
Dress suitable for the weather
4. Document observations with detailed responses in a narrative format. For example, if a client appears tired provide a description adequate for the reader to visualize the client, “Client is alert and appears tired, slumped in a chair with eyes half closed.”
5. Describe two actual or potential risk factors for the client based on the assessment findings with description or reason for selection of them.


India is a land of villages and with 65% of the people of India live in rural areas. Approximately,146 million children are enrolled in rural schools. The heartbreaking fact is that in a survey it was found that only around 16% of the school-going children can read text. If these students get proper education, the overall situation of our country will be different. Education in rural parts of our country is a catalyst to improve the economic and social well-being of the nation. There is a discernable gap between the rural and urban education systems in our country. If we want to achieve the dream of Skilled India, the enhanced focus should be on upgrading the rural education system. Here we try to put some suggestions for improving the situation in rural India
- Digitization has to begin from the roots . Digital education should be encouraged amongst rural children. We need to educate them about the importance of digitization for a better future.
- Advanced learning tools such as digital learning, computer education, and non-academic books should be provided to students from rural schools.
- Foundation skills in reading and arithmetic should be the focus area.
- Engaging students in activities like music, dance, and foreign language classes can improve their learning and quality of life.
- Speaking and writing in English should be focused upon.
- Rural areas require impactful policies and programs that should focus on providing vital infrastructure that can enable continuous education.
- Students and the youth of India don’t have access to verified opportunities and they find themselves left in the race. Connecting them to opportunities can help build their future.
- Govt should make a complete monitoring system to find out whether the scheme launched them reaches rural youth.
Government and corporates have to work closely with local communities to catalyze sustainable impact through the system and behavioral change.EFOS strives to create India’s foremost data-driven platform with physical reach to the rural and remote locations, connecting youth to verified opportunities for their education, certificate courses, training and skill development, employment and; access to support(s) from government and private sector stakeholders.
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With everything going on in the news, it was so easy to miss a major announcement by the Biden Administration last week about renewable Energy. Biden has chosen to activate the Defense Production Act for the purpose of increasing domestic production of clean energy equipment, particularly as it relates to solar energy. Such action could not come soon enough.
As massive heatwaves sweep the nation and many places in the west face a real threat of the loss of hydroelectric sources of electricity production, the dangers of climate change have become far more salient in the day to day lives of millions of Americans. The Department of Defense has long recognized the dangers that climate change would bring for the US, with risks to the electric grid being one among a number of significant problems that must be addressed. One of the biggest threats are the stresses that would be placed upon the electrical grid.
By pushing for a greater degree of production of solar panels and related infrastructure, great steps can be taken to help protect the lives of millions of Americans. Europe saw a loss of over 30,000 people in 2003 during a major heatwave while millions more American’s are living in places at risk for far greater temperatures. A proliferation of renewable energy sources will help mitigate these risks by providing greater electrical capacity for such periods of extreme heat, avoiding the risk of brownouts or rationing. Greater use of renewable energy sources will also reduce the dangers of air pollutants during times of such extreme heat and reduce the number of lives lost by air pollution in the US as well.
In short, this is a welcome step from the administration. But more needs to be done. Renewable energy is a promising source of economic stability and will help make the US truly energy independent. Climate change isn’t waiting for humans to adapt and the sooner we take these critical steps, the better it will be for everyone.


Vegetarianism seems more popular than ever. Veggie burgers grace menus and barbecues across the country. Children and teenagers declare themselves vegetarian to assert dietary independence from their parents. Vegetarian cosmetics and cruelty-free clothes fill corner drugstores and high-end shops. But although vegetarianism is trendy, sometimes rebellious and decidedly modern, it's actually one of the earliest diets. Some cultures have subsisted without meat for millennia. Socrates, Plato, Leonardo da Vinci, Charles Darwin and Thomas Edison were all vegetarians [source: VegNews].
The vegetarian diet is straightforward enough: Vegetarians do not eat meat. Some people who avoid beef and pork but still eat poultry or fish mistakenly consider themselves vegetarians. Although vegetarianism has varying degrees, the diet's core principle is abstention from all meat. Most vegetarians are lacto-ovo-vegetarians -- they do not eat meat but they allow dairy products and eggs. Lacto-vegetarians allow dairy, and ovo-vegetarians allow eggs. Vegans avoid all animal products -- meat, dairy, eggs, leather, wool, silk and even honey.
There is, however, plenty for vegetarians to eat. Lacto-ovo vegetarians eat fruit, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, dairy and eggs. They eat meat substitutes like soybean-based tofu and tempeh, and seitan, a wheat protein. Ethnic cooking's growing popularity has also opened up a world of new vegetarian foods to vegetarians and meat-eaters alike. Middle Eastern, North African, Indian and Asian foods are often vegetarian or easily can be made so.
In this article, we'll learn about why people become vegetarians, the degrees of vegetarianism and how the movement has evolved.


A hop is the transmittal of a mail message from
one machine to another. Many hops might be required to deliver a message. The
number of hops is determined by counting the
X400-Received, and Mail-From:
lines in the header of an email message.
The MaxHopCount option tells
sendmail the maximum number of times a message
can be forwarded. When sendmail receives a
message via email, it calculates the hop count. If that count is
above the maximum allowed, it bounces the message back to the sender
with the error:
sendmail: too many hops (17 max)
In this case, 17 is the maximum. Detecting too
many hops is useful in stopping mail
loopsmessages being forwarded back and forth
between two machines.
The forms of the MaxHopCount option are as follows:
O MaxHopCount=hops configuration file (V8.7 and later)
-OMaxHopCount=hops command line (V8.7 and later)
define(`confMAX_HOP',hops) mc configuration (V8.7 and later)
Ohhops configuration file (deprecated)
-ohhops command line (deprecated)
The hops argument is of type
numeric. If hops is
missing, the value becomes zero and causes all mail to fail with the
sendmail: too many hops (0 max)
If the entire MaxHopCount option is missing,
hops defaults to 25. A good value is 50 or
more (RFC2821, Section 6.2, suggests 100). This allows mail to follow
a fairly long route through many machines (as it could with UUCP) but
still catches and bounces mail caught in a loop between two machines.
The MaxHopCount option should not be confused with
the -h command-line switch (-h). The MaxHopCount option
specifies the maximum number of hops allowed, whereas the
-h command-line switch presets the (beginning) hop
count for a given email message.
The MaxHopCount option is not safe. If specified
from the command line, it can cause sendmail to
relinquish its special privileges.


In this ed2go instructor-led course, discover how to homeschool your children in a way that ensures they get what they need both academically and socially. This course offers a lot of information and guidance to plot your homeschooling course for years to come.
Homeschooling can be a bit of a mystery if you’re new to the topic. In this course, you’ll start at the beginning, delving into the history of homeschooling and examining its status today in all 50 states. You’ll see how to find the laws and regulations that govern your community–and you might be surprised to learn that homeschooling is legal and growing all around you. As you discover what you need to know to homeschool your children, you’ll also become familiar with the terminology the homeschool community uses.
You’ll see how homeschooling gives you the opportunity to socialize your children as well as build long-lasting and productive relationships with peers and adults. You’ll also find out how homeschooling gives you unique opportunities to teach valuable life skills. From manners to money management, you can be sure your children master subjects that don’t make it into most textbooks. You’ll also learn about full-time homeschooling for travelers and how it can fit into their adventurous lives. When you finish this course, you’ll have lots of information and guidance to plot your homeschooling course for years to come!


A Sugar Derivative Can Shut Down A Termite’s Immune System
Much like all insects, termites live within filthy conditions. Also like all insects, termites have strong immune systems that usually work well to prevent bacteria from causing diseases to develop. For those of you who hate termites, which is all of you, researchers may have developed a new way of killing them. Studies show that a derivative of plain old sugar causes a termite’s immune system to shut down. The sugar derivative known as GDL can make termites vulnerable to the bacteria and fungi that is located within their environments.
When an immune system becomes compromised, millions of different types of bacteria stand a much greater chance of infecting an organism. If a termite’s immune system fails microbes will attack more aggressively, eventually causing death, which is great news for homeowners. Termites cause thirty billion dollars in crop and structural damage around the world each year, and thanks to researchers, the worldwide economy may soon be spared a large amount of this annual cost. The GDL-based pest control method may one day introduce an entirely new, and effective type of termite control method. Pest control professionals and agricultural professionals use insecticides that disrupt a termite’s nervous system. These insecticides are often effective termite killers on their own, but GDL-based insecticides are extremely cheap as they are already used in food processing. With GDL-based forms of pest control, eradicating termites would not require homes to be tented, and this potential method would save vast amounts of money for pest control professionals, farmers, consumers and even certain sectors of the government that are concerned with pest control.
Termite immune systems contain proteins that are referred to as pattern recognition receptors. These proteins prevent bacteria, especially fungal bacteria from infecting termites. The shape of these proteins would allow GDL to inhibit the proper functioning of a termites immune system. The proteins and enzymes involved with a termites immune system would cease to function properly. One study has already shown that termites given GDL die within five days after being exposed to a certain fungal pathogen. Researchers are already applying the GDL molecule to certain types of wood polish and paint.
Do you think that GDL needs to be tested on other insects before it hits the market? Could GDL be harmful to beneficial forms of insect life?
Tags: A Sugar Derivative Can Shut Down A Termite’s Immune System


Julie Lynn-Evans, a prominent UK-based psychotherapist, is concerned about kids, sex, and porn.
Lynn-Evans told Quartz in a 2016 story that kids are seeing and experiencing things online that they cannot contextualize or process, much of it related to sex. “And they have nowhere to turn because parents have no idea what [kids] are doing online.”
Culture Reframed recognizes this fact and offers a free Parents of Tweens program that helps parents raise porn-resilient kids.
The Quartz story continued by citing a report that found that:
28% of 11-12-years-olds in the UK had seen porn, a figure which rises to 65% by the time they are 15. Kids were asked how they felt the first time they saw porn. Disgusted, shocked, and confused were the most common words they used—but those feelings waned, the more they watched.
Perhaps more disturbing was the impact: Of those who had seen porn, 21% of 11- to 12-year-olds and 42% of 15-year-olds wanted to emulate it. “One of our concerns is around developing healthy sexual relationships,” said Elena Martellozzo, one of the authors of the study. “To some of the children, porn is realistic and they want to copy what they see online, and that could lead to violence to partners or future partners.”


With millions of people trying to survive financially during the COVID-19 pandemic, there are examples of people using their ingenuity to make ends meet. In turn, they forced to pay their bills and eat. Many people are forced into some heartbreaking and difficult decisions. Some can only now shop at The Dollar Store. The choices are so limited depending on the amount of money a person may have. Some have had to literally count pennies and some sadly have had to steal food to feed their families.
Right now, one in three families with kids in the U.S. are experiencing food insecurity. That’s a statistic on the rise. It is double the rate, since 2018, according to a new analysis from The Hamilton Project, an economic policy initiative that offers proposals and policy options. And now, it’s higher than levels of food hardship among children at the peak of the Great Recession. This relates to economic downturns but in the instance of the pandemic, it is disproportionately affecting families with children and the children themselves.
Children in low-income households
Children in low-income households are facing the burden of the effects of the pandemic. This is because the pandemic has had on food insecurity. At one time, children could at least get two meals a day at their schools. But it was never really enough. Now, with many schools out of session in person, that isn’t a reality anymore. Families are stressing out and worrying. Many are looking to Congress for more COVID relief assistance to help them in this critical time of need.
Pandemic -EBT Program
The Pandemic-EBT program provides low-income families with money to replace the free or reduced-price meals their children would have received in school, ends on September 30 unless extended by lawmakers. Many families across the states say that they need more assistance and food stamps aren’t enough, either.


Train a smarter and safer workforce
SimBuild Carpentry teaches the fundamental skills used in residential construction. Students progress through a wide range of activities requiring an increasing degree of skill and creativity. As they complete assignments, they build up skills, until they gain the full competencies needed to launch a career in construction.
Available on Windows Laptops or PCs
and Chromebooks with Play Store Support
This Product is Not Available for Individual Sale
The SimBuild Carpentry curriculum is broken down into three worksites – Shed, Ranch House and Multilevel House. Each worksite expands knowledge of the primary building systems.
Each building system contains a set of work orders, each with its own activities.
Throughout more than 80 activities, students learn industry specific skills including tool reading, framing, installation process, material estimation and construction terminology.
Designed with the modern learner in mind, SimBuild provides students with immediate feedback, reinforcing content and aiding retention. Students can make mistakes without the costs and risks associated with real materials and live machinery.
Using the Toolbox, students gain important construction knowledge about tools, fasteners, and materials.
The SimBuild learning management system provides instructors with tools to follow student progress and assess learning needs.
By completing the SimBuild Carpentry program, students will gain a familiarity with the core skills needed to attain success in the field of residential construction.
Safe Worksite Practices
Tool Identification and Use
Measuring Tool Reading
Lay Out Procedures
Measuring and Cutting
Are you looking to save time, money and resources training your construction workers of tomorrow?contact us today


Crocodiles don't always attack when they get the chance, research suggests
Crocodiles do not attack people every time an opportunity presents itself, especially when they have other things on their mind, new research suggests.
Queensland scientists used underwater technology to track about 130 Crocodylus porosus crocs, in the Wenlock River and the Ducie River in the state's far north over a three-year period.
The researchers from the University of New England (UNE), the University of Queensland and Australia Zoo were surprised to find despite the crocs being in close proximity to humans between the months of September and December, they did not attack anyone.
UNE's Dr Hamish Campbell said he did not believe that was because the crocodiles were not interested in people but was probably because they had other priorities, including searching for mates and nesting sites, in that period of the year.
"Earlier in the year they remained reasonably sedentary, but come September crocodiles became highly mobile and they would travel through these shallow water areas where people were undertaking water based activities," he said.
"There was no instance of attacks, perhaps that's because these crocodiles are highly mobile, perhaps their minds are on other matters.
Their movement potential was up to thousands of kilometres in only a couple of weeks, which was quite remarkable.
"The boys are looking for the girls, and the girls are looking for nests, and they really just want to access these areas to travel through."
Dr Campbell said some of the males travelled up to 50 kilometres a day.
"They would do that repeatedly over one or two weeks, so their movement potential was up to hundreds of kilometres in only a couple of weeks, which was quite remarkable," he said.
New clues over when crocs likely to be lurking
The scientists were also surprised to find that the tide had a large influence on crocodiles' movements.
"The crocodiles would actually move up into these areas with the tide," Dr Campbell said.
"So around periods of high tide, during September to December, shallow watered areas around far north Queensland have a really high probability - it was almost 100 per cent - of a large crocodile being present.
"We also found that the crocodiles moved up in those areas on sunset, and were present throughout the night.
"So accessing these shallow water areas between September and December after sunset, there's a really high probability that crocodiles will be in those areas."


Taking individuals to work, school, shopping, holiday destinations or bringing them back home from a night out. Buses connect us to people and places; they improve social inclusion and provide access to education, employment and medical care. Regardless of income, age, driving ability or lack thereof, and living in a rural or urban location, most people use public transportation to reach their desired locations.
According to APTA, in the US, people boarded public transportation 34 million times each weekday in 2019. In the same year, according to the American Community Survey (ACS), 46.3% of all public transportation travelers, about 3.6 million people, affirmed to use buses as their primary commuting mode!
A life of a bus, in the US, usually lasts 12-15 years or 250,000 miles, but the condition of the vehicle determines its end of use. When the bus is deemed too old for public transportation, it makes its last journey to a metal scrap yard.
In January, Sims Metal in Pennsylvania, welcomed 50 old buses that, at the end of this last journey, will get a brand new life as something else.
The new journey of these buses officially starts here. Every single bus makes its way to Sims Metal scrap yard, carried on a hauling truck.
Once the bus is delivered, it is inspected for hazards such as fluids, gases, catalytic converter, batteries, radiator, fire extinguishers and also the tires, which are all safely removed. The bus is now considered depolluted and is safe to move on to the next step.
This is where the fun begins, the bus is now ready to be crushed with a crash crane!
The crushed material is ready to be shredded. Through the shredding process, the crushed material is reduced into smaller pieces which will go through a very sophisticated separation process to recover the ferrous and non-ferrous metals and also the other materials such as plastics and foam.
Once the steel, aluminum, plastic and all of the other materials are recovered from the buses, it is now time to prepare the materials for further recycling!
Shipped nationwide and worldwide, recycled metals will be reintroduced as raw materials in the manufacturing process, which means thousands of new goods coming to life. What seemed to be the end of 50 buses is, instead, the start of thousands of new beginnings.
Learn more about our processing capabilities.


Acoustic detection of bottlenose dolphin depredation on nets and implications for conservation
Understanding the depredation process is pivotal to the management of conflicts between wildlife and human activities. Depredation by marine mammals on fisheries occurs when animals ‘steal’ fish from the fishing gear, causing catch loss and damage to gear and catches. The common bottlenose dolphin is a vulnerable species and is the main depredator of coastal static net fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea. The nature and extent of the phenomenon is still poorly understood since evidence is often incomplete or inconsistent mostly due to the different methods used to measure depredation. Here, passive acoustic monitoring devices were used to estimate the consistency between dolphin acoustic detection in proximity to the net and direct dolphin observations and catch measurements at different sites in Sardinia (north-western Mediterranean Sea). Further, some factors influencing depredation (fishing duration and fishing net length) and changes in catch amount and composition were evaluated. The frequency of dolphin detection based on direct dolphin observations was significantly lower than that based on acoustic monitoring; the latter was related to the amount of catch. Thus, the measurement of catch was more realistically related to depredation than direct dolphin observations. Further, dolphin depredation was related to the duration of the fishing operation. The measure of depredation and catch loss provided here can be used to realistically estimate the damage suffered by fishers and provide preliminary insights to guide the development of an approach for sustainable coexistence between dolphins and fisheries.


There are special characteristics of the diet of children, they are as follows:
1. A survey conducted in different parts of our country shows that children are widely suffering from malnutrition due to lack of nutritive elements in their diet. They specially need nutritive diet for their primary growth because their growth process is continuous. Keeping this fact in perspective they need protein in larger quantities.
Secondly, they need protein in larger quantities in comparison to the adults because protein is needed for the repair of the tissues, which are damaged due to their ever continuing activeness. But sadly proteins are not available in India to the children.
2. They need more energy for their activities; therefore, to produce more energy they need fats, and carbohydrates in adequate quantities.
3. In addition to proteins fats and carbohydrates the children of all ages need vitamins and minerals for protection.
4. Milk is almost a complete and ideal food and contains most of the proximate principles of a well balanced diet. We get energy giving elements such as proteins and calcium as well as fats and carbohydrates. We get vitamin ‘A’ and ‘D’ from milk.
5. Normally the dietary requirements of girls and boys differ. This difference can be due to the physical structure, height and type of work. The energy requirement of girls is less than boys.


Climate change funding
£600,000 for projects to help communities in Africa.
A project to install a solar-powered electricity grid to power a cooling system for milk production, is among six initiatives benefitting from £600,000 to help some of Africa’s poorest communities rise to the challenges of climate change
The funding, which is being awarded to Scottish organisations working with partners in Africa, is designed to support fragile communities in creating new jobs and sources of income, improve food security and the supply of water and energy, and meet the challenges of a changing climate.
It is part of the Climate Justice Fund which will distribute £3m per year over five years to help developing countries, who are less likely to have contributed to climate change, but often suffer the most from the impact, as part of Scotland’s response to the Paris climate agreement.
The projects have been announced ahead of Climate Week (18-22 September), designed to raise awareness of climate change, and to encourage people to take action to reduce carbon emissions.
Other initiatives benefitting include upgrading water and electricity infrastructure in a small farming community in Malawi, turning waste into energy and recyclable plastic in an urban area of central Zambia, and improving the nutrition of schoolchildren in Malawi.
Climate Change Secretary Roseanna Cunningham said:
“Climate change is a huge injustice. The poorest and most vulnerable people across the world are the hardest hit, but they have not caused the problem. Scotland has cut its greenhouse gas emissions by over 40% and is championing climate justice because we take our international obligations very seriously and we know that countries like Scotland have a clear moral duty to make sure our lifestyles do not cause harm to the world’s poorest people.
“I am proud of our innovative Climate Justice Fund which is providing much needed investment to empower many thousands of people in Africa’s most vulnerable communities to find new skills and their own solutions to make them resilient in the face of climate change.”
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Major Essay 1
What happens when a dream is put on hold and what happens to the person who
possesses the dream? Langston Hughes, an influential African American writer, attempts to
answer this question in his poem “Harlem.” He does this by asking several questions and
comparing dreams and dreamers with other objects. Hughes uses multiple similes to illustrate
his thoughts on the fate of postponed dreams and the people who put them on hold.
With time, dreams can fade away. Hughes first wonders if a postponed dream “[dries] up
/ like a raisin in the sun” (2-3). This makes one think of an old, shriveled piece of fruit. Like a
raisin, dreams start out vibrant and full, but when left alone for too long will shrivel up and fade
away. This can also be true of people who put their dreams on hold. There are many times when
people are forced to postpone their dreams. For example, parents frequently must put their own
dreams on hold while they raise their children. Often by the time their children have grown, it is
too late to begin working on their dream. They start out full of hope of completing their dream,
but after waiting for so long their hope fades away.
Dreams require attention in order to be fulfilled. Hughes asks if a dream “fester[s] like a
sore” (4). This comparison makes one think of an injury that refuses to heal. Having a dream
can become painful when a person is unable to achieve it. For example, person might have
always wanted to travel but had responsibility to his or her job and/or family. The person may
always regret not going and obsess over it. He or she may also become jealous of others who
had the opportunity to go travel. Like a wound that does not receive proper care, a dream that
isn’t given the proper attention can eat away at a person’s heart.
Additionally, dreams can become decayed. Hughes wonders if a delayed dream “stink[s]
like rotten meat” (6). This comparison makes one think of food that was forgotten. Not acting
on a dream can cause it to rot and decay like meat does when neglected. For example, a person


Realtime Rice-fallow Intensification System (rRIS)
Large tracts of arable land are left fallow due to the lack of real-time in-season and replanting site-specific information. This project aims to bridge that information gap to enable the utilization of fallow land for crop diversification, a key pillar of agriculture sustainability.
Sustainable intensification through crop diversification with pulses & vegetables in cereal systems at farmers’ fields have shown positive outcomes in terms of yield, income & nutrition, while providing important ecosystem services. However, out-scaling of such an ecological intensification program requires systemic digitization of the agroecosystems (e.g., geotagging, agrotagging) with higher resolution and timely information.
Using multi-source satellite, geo/agro tagged in-situ data, machine learning and citizen science, the project proposes to design a digital augmentation platform to characterize farming systems to scale site-specific crops/varieties in countries where fallow can be replaced by short season legumes or vegetables.
The ground-breaking innovation consists in the real-time mapping of cropping systems and their dynamics (start and end dates, length/duration of fallows, variety, typology, soil moisture) to inform site-specific interventions such as selection of the most appropriate crops and varieties in response to local conditions.
The Inspire Challenge is an initiative to challenge partners, universities, and others to use CGIAR data to create innovative pilot projects that will scale. We look for novel approaches that democratize data-driven insights to inform local, national, regional, and global policies and applications in agriculture and food security in real time; helping people–especially smallholder farmers and producers–to lead happier and healthier lives.


Dimensions of Diversity
State-funded medical schools exist as a public benefit to train future physicians who will serve the population. For this reason, the composition of our school should reflect the diversity of the population served. A diverse medical school community provides the cultural exposure to allow faculty, students, and staff the opportunity to appreciate the diverse perspectives of their colleagues and to foster attitudes, which will allow them to better serve patients. Additionally, those from diverse backgrounds are likely to serve diverse populations in a more sensitive and supportive fashion.
QCOM values diversity among medical students, faculty, and staff, including but not limited to race/ethnicity, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, physical ability, religion, and socioeconomic, educational, and geographic diversity. QCOM places a special emphasis on recruitment and retention of students who are members of groups historically underrepresented in medicine, students from socioeconomically and/or educationally disadvantaged backgrounds (including students from rural/Appalachian regions), and those with veteran status or future military commitments. While QCOM is in a geographic region with less diversity than highly populated urban locations, and thus faces challenges in attracting a diverse student and faculty/staff population, we recognize the importance of dedicated efforts to promote diversity and inclusion as necessary and beneficial to fulfilling our mission.
It is the policy of the Quillen College of Medicine to make special efforts for recruitment from these groups in seeking faculty, students and staff through several stages of inclusion: seeking to broaden our search efforts for faculty and student applicants, engaging diverse individuals by learning more about features important to them in an institution, supporting them by preparing them as well as the environment they will be entering, and taking steps to remove barriers to their success.


Tip: Here are three wonderful pieces of online material related to Steve Jobs. The first is an infographic with 15 personal facts about him, and this was done before his death. The second is another infographic, this time with 10 aspects of his management style. The third is a downloadable pdf with 10 presentation techniques he used ‘to inform, educate and entertain’.
15 Things You Didn’t Know About Steve Jobs (infographic – click to enlarge)
10 Commandments of Steve (infographic)
The Presentation Genius of Steve Jobs (ten-page pdf)
These three pieces of material could be used together over a long lesson, or separately.
The first is an infographic that is best viewed on a computer or IWB (it will print out but the page breaks are not helpful). It was done before his death. Sample ‘things you didn’t know’: he was dyslexic, he loved calligraphy, he was a vegan (actually not true – he ate fish). In class it naturally leads to a discussion of other things the students know about him. For example, I myself hadn’t realized until after his death how rooted he was in the sixties hippy counter-culture.
The second is a much more businessy piece of material, with 10 management commandments. Again it’s an infographic, but this one prints out nicely onto one sheet of paper. Sample commandments: ‘Go for perfect’, ‘Shun focus groups’, ‘Simplify’, ‘Keep teams small’. Each commandment has a paragraph of commentary. This would be a great starting point for a session on management styles.
The third piece of material is a ten-page pdf produced by Citrix Online and written by a BusinessWeek columnist. It has 10 presentation techniques that Steve Jobs used, each with a couple of paragraphs of commentary. This would be great homework reading to prepare for work on presentations.


This chart shows average development (HDI), income (GNI), emissions (CO2 per capita), and happiness (Gallup data) within groups of countries identified using model-based cluster analysis (click here for a draft of the full paper). The least developed group on average generated just 5% of the carbon emissions and 14% of the income of the most developed cluster, yet experienced an average of 93% of the happiness of that of residents of the most developed cluster. This least developed cluster would have had an even higher level of average happiness had countries with unusually negative recent experiences such as Egypt and Iraq been excluded. Between the two clusters with the highest self-reported happiness, one emits just 57% the carbon dioxide emissions of the other. Average happiness is lowest in the two clusters with medium levels of income and development. These observations, among others, are very salient to deciding how to further happiness at the individual, firm, and societal levels while reducing emissions and other negative environmental impacts. The results should provoke further work in measuring, understanding, and fostering conditions conducive to well-being. For a primer on the topic, click here. The paper will be discussed at the 2014 European Academy of Management conference.
Country data: emitting carbon not essential for wealth, development & happiness
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged carbon, carbon emissions, climate, Development, GNI, Happiness, HDI, income, IPCC, model-based cluster analysis, per capita, sustainability sustainable development, Wealth. Bookmark the permalink.


A lawsuit is the legal process in which one person (called the plaintiff) files a complaint against another party in a civil court. The plaintiff claims that the defendant harmed them in some way.
Generally speaking, a lawsuit involves the following steps:
In some jurisdictions, a civil case can begin with nothing more than a written complaint that a plaintiff serves on the defendant. This complaint outlines the nature of the damage or injury that was caused and the legal basis for seeking relief from the defendant.
During the discovery period, parties may seek information from each other and/or third parties by making requests to produce documents or by asking questions under oath. This is a vital part of the preparation for trial and is meant to eliminate surprises, clarify what the lawsuit is about and make it clear that any frivolous or unsubstantiated claims should be dropped before a trial begins.
In a jury trial, the evidence is presented to a judge or a jury and a decision is announced. Either party can then appeal to an appellate court.
Jury trials are the most common method of trying a civil lawsuit, but a judge can also try cases. The trial process typically involves a hearing in which the parties present witnesses and collect evidence for trial.
A successful lawsuit requires a strong cause of action and solid legal theory. The defendant is also responsible for proving their case, so it’s crucial to have a lawyer on your side who has experience in the area of law involved.


Social Impact Bond Flounders in Rikers Island Youth Project
by Derek Gilna
Social impact bonds (SIBs) are investment vehicles by which charitable organizations or individuals can invest in a project to benefit a government agency. If the government agency reaches a pre-determined goal with it bond investment, the government reimburses the agency. The concept is designed to permit government to try special projects that it might not have the funding to attempt, with no financial risk to the agency itself.
However well-conceived such a project might be, however, the government agency has to be capable of implementing the concept, and in the case of a Rikers Island youth offender mentoring program, which concluded in 2015, that was too much to ask.
Goldman Sachs and Bloomberg Philanthropies invested $7.2 million to a program at the New York prison to carry out the Adolescent Behavioral Learning Experience (ABLE) intervention, a cognitive behavioral therapy program. Right from the beginning, there were problems.
First, according to the New York Times, "the control group fell apart. Wardens...could not separate teenagers who were to participate ..from those who were not supposed to attend. Then the city's education department, which had offered to put teachers on Rikers to assist...pulled out." Personnel who were scheduled to work with youth after the release to continue monitoring them were instead moved to the prison to cover staff shortages.
Nonetheless, despite the fact that the program did not meet the quantitative measures of success, some observers claim that it was. James Anderson, director of government innovation programs at Bloomberg Philanthropies, noted, "so often in government you don't have that level of clarity that comes from the rigorous evaluation that you had here. That leaves the government thinking a program was successful when young men's lives were not actually improved." With programs like this one, that uncertainly was eliminated.
The government had agreed to pay back the investors if the program reduced youth recidivism by 10%, and it was impossible to prove that the program had any impact. Other social impact projects are proceeding in the United States, and the model has had some success in the United Kingdom. Prison Legal News has covered SIBs previously.
See: www.huffingtonpost.com, www.payfor succes.org, www.nytimes.org.
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The results of the study of numerous stone structures at 52 points on the White Sea coast and islands in Karelia are presented in the article. Their basic types are described; existing interpretations are discussed. The stone structures of Karelian Pomorye have usually been interpreted as objects of religious cults of the Stone Age, erected by ancient Sami or Karelians. The analysis of natural and cultural context, topography and areal characteristics of these objects shows that the structures are located near Pomor sea fisheries (‘tonya’) and refer to the Middle Ages and the Modern time. The purpose of all these objects is connected to the Pomor sea fisheries. On the one hand, this is a result of adaptation of the Pomor population, alien in the White Sea coastal regions, to a specific natural environment on the rocky parts of the coastline and the islands. On the other hand, the objects are part of the Pomor fishing culture, whose formation was stimulated by intense economic and organizational activities of the Solovetsky Monastery. In the 16th
centuries, the latter owned these lands and was engaged in extensive trade in products of sea fisheries with other areas of Muscovy and the Scandinavian countries. Thus, the stone structures in question cannot be connected with the pagan cults of the local population.


Induction heating is an application that based on the magnetic induction principle. It uses the eddy current to heat the part placed in the alternating magnetic field. (The part is metal or nonmetal conductor like graphite.)
In the induction coil (inductor/coil), the high-frequency alternating current will first generate an alternating electromagnetic field. Then, the magnetic line will form a loop when passing through the metal part/nonmetal conductors. Following that, an induced current will be generated in the cross-section of the part to be heated ( we normally call this type of current as eddy current). Finally, the eddy current of the part to be heated will heat up fast under the action of the resistance of the part, so as to eventually realize the purpose of heating the parts.
A complete set of induction heating machine includes the high-frequency heating generator (power supply), transformer, and coil:
The generator for high-frequency induction heating is responsible for converting the power supply ( such as 3P380V/50Hz or 3P220V/60Hz, or single-phase power supply) into the form of high-frequency, high-voltage, and low-current output.
The transformer of the metal heating machine is responsible for converting the high frequency, high voltage, and low current provided by the high-frequency heating generator into the output mode of high frequency, low voltage, and large current. Also, the transformer needs to isolate or adapt the output according to the different heating applications.
The coil is responsible for forming a strong high-frequency magnetic field around it after passing high-frequency, low-voltage, and large current. Generally, the larger the current, the higher the magnetic field strength. The coil needs to be designed according to the shape of the heated part and the heating position. Thus, it is not limited to the spiral tube or flat form.


Plastic packaging poses a growing threat to environment
Saturday, a group of Bainbridge Islanders gathered outside our biggest grocery for a national event sponsored by Beyond Plastics’ and locally by Act4Climate. Plastics from grocery packaging are the biggest source of plastic waste and their use keeps increasing. It was a take-back event where participants returned all the plastics from groceries that come into our homes.
You can’t recycle most of this plastic packaging. Plastic recycling is now at 5-6%. It poses a growing threat to our environment — polluting our waters and our soils. And there is scientific evidence that plastics, especially in contact with food, are endangering our health.
Plastics are made from fossil fuels. Their production now emits 850 millions tons of climate changing greenhouse gasses — the equivalent of 189 coal fired plants. It will only get worse. Plastic production quadrupled between 2000 and 2019. Plastic waste will triple in less than 40 years even with conservation efforts. Just processing recycled plastic is polluting.
Recycling what plastics we can and finding creative uses for single-use plastics may make us feel good, but these actions will never solve the problem.
Grocery chains have choices and they have the clout to demand rational packaging from producers. We will continue to speak out. And I will continue to take back all their plastic until they get the message. Sounds extreme? It’s nothing compared to what producers are doing to our health and environment.
Erika Shriner, Bainbridge Island


Tim Bowen’s certainly not bringing us down as he brings forward his explanation of these phrasal verbs.
‘The fear is that the continued unrest and lawlessness in the north-east of the country could eventually bring down the government.’ In this sense, bring down is used to mean to topple or overthrow a government or a regime. This phrasal verb can also be used to mean to reduce the rate, level or amount of something, as in ‘Small businesses are calling on the government to do more to bring down energy prices’.
An object, a person or animal can also be brought down in the sense that they are caused to fall to the ground, as in ‘The winter gales brought down power lines across the south-west of England’. In normal conditions, pilots land planes, but, in exceptional circumstances, they may be required to bring a plane down, as in ‘He managed to bring the plane down safely on only one engine’.
To bring down can also mean to cause a feeling of sadness or depression, as in ‘That kind of music never fails to bring me down’.
If an event is brought forward, its date or time is changed so that it takes place earlier, as in ‘They brought the date of the wedding forward so that her cousins could attend’. The opposite of bring forward in this sense is put back.
If plans or ideas are brought forward, they are announced officially so that people can discuss them, as in ‘The full extent of the cuts will not be known until the various government departments have brought forward their spending plans for the next financial year’.
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Publication of the first chapter of a book by Moshe Pearlmann, on leave as special press advisor to the Prime Minister’s office, on the Adolf Eichmann seizure revealed today that the original idea had been to bring the Nazi to Israel by ship.
In Mr. Pearlmann’s account, as it appeared in Davar, one of Israel’s leading newspapers, the plans called for picking up Eichmann on the La Plata river but when no suitable Israeli craft was available, the decision was made to abduct him by air. The search and capture of Eichmann were organized in Tel Aviv and carried out under the supervision of three Israelis with the help of six other Sephardi Jews of Balkan origin whose nationalities were not disclosed.
The definite tip on Eichmann’s whereabouts came from a South American Jew who was not known to Nazis in Argentina as a Jew and who gained their confidence. According to Mr. Pearlmann’s account, the Nazis told the undercover Jew that Eichmann’s “widow” had married a “Clement” and was living in Buenos Aires with Eichmann’s children. Careful investigation disclosed that Clement was in fact the long-sought Nazi master murderer.
The Archive of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency includes articles published from 1923 to 2008. Archive stories reflect the journalistic standards and practices of the time they were published.


Snails – some of us find them strangely adorable, and others shudder at the sight of them, but one thing we can all agree on is that they are a pest when they munch on your plants in the garden!
Did you know that snails have hundreds of teeth? Don’t worry – they’re unable to bite people. Snail teeth (known as radula) are tiny and attached to a ribbon-like tongue. They’re shaped to suit their specific diet – particularly your lettuce leaves!
Thankfully there’s many natural solutions you can use to deter snails and slugs, without using harmful chemicals. Many pellets can be potentially toxic to pets, wildlife, and people. This makes many of us reluctant to use them, and more likely to try safe alternatives.
Eggshells can be crushed up and sprinkled over the garden. This acts as a barrier to the slugs and snails, as they dislike sliding over it. The eggshell can break down and be beneficial for your soil, adding calcium. You can also use sawdust in the same way.
Adding coffee grounds to the soil can be very effective. It can either be sprinkled about, or can be made up in a spray of 10 parts water to 1 part coffee. Spray this solution over the surface of your leaves and soil. The snails absorb the caffeine through their skin. Just remember to reapply after heavy rain.
Another option is to add containers (such as empty butter tubs, or yoghurt containers) filled with beer, sunken into your garden bed. The snails will slide into the beer for a drink and become trapped in the container. You can also leave out orange peel for the snails to attach to overnight, which you can easily remove in the morning.
The final option is to simply move them to another part of your garden, or feed ‘em to the chooks!
Whichever method you try, natural is always best. It is much cheaper, and you can rest easy knowing your pets and native wildlife will be unharmed.


Each spring semester, we conduct a teaching evaluation that focuses on the evaluation of the individual subjects, teaching and the lecturers for each programme.
This is a part of quality assurance and quality development for the programmes, and the results are used, among other things, to determine whether the students judge that the teaching is at the appropriate level or whether there is room for improvement in the frameworks set for the teaching.
See results for teaching evaluation
Method for evaluation
The Quality Department identifies, in cooperation with the heads of department for each programme, when each class should participate in the questionnaire surveys. The data collection is flexible from programme to programme and is therefore customised according to the teaching rhythm for each programme.
The questionnaire is prepared by the Quality Department. In the questionnaire, the students are asked to answer a series of questions on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is the lowest score and 10 is the highest score. This score is then calculated to an index number.
Working out the index number
In the questionnaire, the students are asked to answer a series of questions on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is the lowest score and 10 is the highest score. The answers are then adjusted into an index number that converts the numbers into a scale of 0 to 100.
To change the scale to an index calculation, the following equation is used: (Scale point - 1) x (100/(scale max - 1)) i.e. when using the 10 point scale, the formula will be: (scale point - 1) x 11.1.
So if a student has answered:
- 1 provides the score 0 as an index number
- 5 provides the score 44.4 as an index number
- 10 provides the score 100 as an index number


Ahmedabad: Evolution is considered a process that spans thousands of years, but what if one can observe DNA-level changes happening in a species in real time?
An international study helmed by researchers from Stanford University
, University of Pennsylvania
, and Ahmedabad University
observed drosophila (fruit fly) over a period of four months. In that period, the flies were subjected to different extremes such as lack of food, water, and high temperatures. The experiment underlined evolution in the flies generation after generation, in which every surviving batch was making the next more resilient.
The study, ‘Direct Observation of Adaptive Tracking on Ecological Timescales in Drosophila’, was published in the March edition of ‘Science’ journal. It was co-authored by Subhash Rajpurohit
, associate professor and PhD programme chair for biological and life science at School of Arts and Science at Ahmedabad University.
“The large-scale controlled experiment was carried out in Pennsylvania in the US for four months with 10 independent replicate field populations, each starting with 1,000 individuals and reaching to a number close to 1 lakh over the season,” said Prof Rajpurohit. “They experienced the same seasonal changes, the same food and the same predatory conditions.”
Rajpurohit added: “Over the period, the flies showed both physical-appearance changes and gene-level changes responding to various changes in external conditions.” Why is the study important? Rajpurohit said that there is an ongoing debate over the adaptation of various species amid climate change. “The study provides a snapshot of how evolution is taking place and at what rate,” he said. “As exhibited by the study, the species adapt to the changing temperatures, water and food availability pretty fast to ensure survival. These changes are permanent in nature.”
One of the interesting observations made by the researchers was the rate at which the females laid eggs. To accommodate higher numbers, their ovaries got a bit enlarged even as their overall body remained the same.


Reducing The Role of Decision-Making Biases in Muslim Responsa
The role of decision-making biases in the fatwa process.
Muslims often consult a legal expert (a mufti) concerning legal issues and to mediate intra-personal situations. A consultation with a mufti follows a process which includes conception, adaption, evaluation, and, finally, the response. While reviewing fatwas for errors, the author observed that many of the errors encountered could be explained as errors resulting from rules of thumb employed to facilitate information processing and decision making – that is: decision biases resulting from employing heuristics.
This brief introduces the fatwa process, as well as decision-making heuristics and biases. It then presents an analysis of how biases come into play during the fatwa-delivery process. It concludes that there is a need to better understand decision-making heuristics and biases, and the negative impact of relying upon heuristics in Islamic disciplines. It also recommends that muftis be informed of decision-making biases, and that mufti training programs include decision-making biases in their curriculum so as to improve the quality of the services they provide. It is hoped that examining these errors in this way might help reduce future errors and improve the impact that fatwas have on petitioners’ lives.


Most major wildfires in California happen in fall, at the end of dry, hot summers. The record-breaking fire in Butte County last year occurred in November. California’s environment is particularly prone to fires because of prolonged droughts. A drought is a dry period in which surface and groundwater levels decline.
Another thing we wondered was why are there so many wildfires in california?
One source claimed according to The New York Times, there are four key reasons that explain why California is especially prone to wildfires. The first is because of its never-ending “dry” season. The land gets most of its moisture in the fall and winter months, and the vegetation spends most of spring and summer drying out, essentially fueling and spreading fires.
While the lack of moisture and widespread drought has amplified wildfire worries this year due to the dry kindling that can fuel the blazes, it also has meant that regrowing brush has had less support to flourish.
A frequent query we ran across in our research was “How many wildfires are currently burning in California?”.
Wildfire activity was light this week, with three large fires burning in California and one in Montana. Two large fires were contained in Texas. Stay informed of current and predicted environmental conditions such as weather and drying vegetation.
A query we ran across in our research was “What was the worst fire in California history?”.
The Ranch Fire, ignited November 3, burned 2,500 acres. … The Camp Fire broke out in Butte County, California, on November 8 and became the deadliest and most destructive fire on record in the state. According to Cal Fire statistics 85 people perished.
Why does California have so many landslides?
It has to do with the tectonic plates. Millions of years ago the seafloor rose out of the ocean and become mountains. So the mountains are made of unstable seafloor slate (melange). Factors in a Landlside-how moist the soil is.


Erma's Plournal August 2019
Original Post: Aug 2, 2019 - Planner + Journal = Plournal - Thanks to Kell S.
August 2019 Details
August 2019 Week 31
August 1, The Discovery of Oxygen
Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe. It makes up 21% of the earths atmosphere. It was first discovered in 1772 by Swedish chemist, Carl Wilhelm Scheele. In 1774, English chemist Joseph Priestly, independently discovered oxygen and published his findings three years before Scheele. In 1775, French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, was first to recognize it as an element and coined the name oxygen-from the Greek word that means “acid-former”. In August 1771, Joseph Priestly, discovered plants produce oxygen. In 1772 he put a mouse and a plant in a jar and discovered the mouse would survive. Photosynthesis. From JulianTrubin.com
#planner + #journal = #plournal#bujo #bulletjournal #August2019#scienceinfo #oxygen #element#Scheele #Priestly #Lavoisier#JulianTrubin #Photosynthesis
August 2019 Calendar Details
Erma has been drawing she was a small child. She received lessons in chalk pastels at age 7, taught herself calligraphy at age 11, and learned the basics of figure drawing at age 13. She became a professional calligrapher in 1995.
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The mitigation of human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) appears as an essential issue in conservation, yet important knowledge gap remains to assess the causes and consequences of HWC and their impact on human societies and wildlife populations. With this in mind, researchers at GCC are interested in understanding the dimensions and main drivers of human-wildlife conflicts in different ecosystems in order to enhance coexistence in anthropogenic environments and improve local support for conservation. Our approach incorporates innovative interdisciplinary methodologies that integrate the sociological, psychological and ecological dimensions of the conflict. We focus particularly on human-carnivore conflicts in Kenyan drylands and Finnish forest ecosystems and on human-rat conflicts in Finnish urban areas.
Aivelo, T. 2023. School students’ attitudes towards unloved biodiversity: insights from a citizen science project about urban rats. Environmental Education Research, 29(1), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/wbehu, https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2022.2140125
López-Baucells, A., Rocha, R., Andriatafika, Z., Tojosoa, T., Kemp, J., Forbes, C., Cabeza, M. 2017. Roost selection by synanthropic bats in rural Madagascar: what makes non-traditional structures so tempting? Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 28(1): 28-35.


1. The breakdown point graph shows the relationship between cost, yield, and profit or loss for each stage of production.
2. The total cost line is an addition of fixed cost and cost changed the result as follows:
3. The total revenue line is the proportion with the amount of expenditure as follows:
4. The break point is the point of intersection between the total revenue line and the total cost as follows:
- at the break-even point level, the total revenue is equal to the total cost. Firms do not earn any profit or bear any loss
- for release that exceeds the break-even point, profit is obtained
- for release less than the break even point, the loss is experienced
Soon Lee Berhad Company is a firm that manufactures T-shirts for school students. The following are details about the withdrawal.
i) In the graph, the horizontal axis (x-axis) shows the output unit at scale 1 cm = 500 units. A vertical axis (y-axis) shows costs and yields with a scale of 1 cm = RM5,000
ii) The break-even point for this firm was on the production of 2,000 T-shirts. At this point, the result was the same as the cost of RM20,000
iii) Soon Lee Company will gain profits when production exceeds 2,000 units and instead incurred losses of less than 2,000 units
iv) For each of the following production stages, the Soon Lee Company gain or loss is as follows:


This little juglet-oil filler from the Hellenistic Period (330-37 B.C., when the Greeks occupied the Land after the destruction of the First Temple) actually plays a huge role in Jewish history... and modern life. According to legend, the Hellenistic King Antiochus Epiphanes desecrated the Temple, rendering all the ritual oil impure and thus unfit for use. Upon overcoming the Greek forces, the rebelling Jewish warriors known as the Maccabees took possession of the Temple and sought to reconsecrate it to the service of God, but they found only one juglet- such as this one- whose oil had not been defiled.
A miracle occurred, however, and the oil in this one little juglet, really only enough to last one day, burned for eight days and nights... the time needed to make new, ritually pure oil. This miracle is still celebrated annually and is known as Chanukah, the Festival of Lights.
The original juglet on which this one was modeled was discovered in a cave on Mt. Zion in Jerusalem and is today part of the Antika Collection.
The Jerusalem 3D puzzles Pottery Kit contains: • potsherds buried in sand; • glue (for sticking together potsherds); • paintbrush (for applying glue); • plaster (for filling in holes); • "spatula" (for applying plaster); • balloon (for applying plaster in some pieces); • complete instructions and a welcome to the world of archaeology by Perli Pelzig (English & Hebrew); • scroll explaining the beginnings of ancient pottery (English & Hebrew); • a display card containing interesting information about the origin, usage, and history of your pot (English & Hebrew).
Assembled Size: 3.5" X 3.5" X 6"
Bible study tools present models of - 3D puzzles pottery Kit - Bible period replicas of Biblical Oil Lams, Jugs , Vessel, Qumran jars, Megiddo bowl, jordan river jars, Judea vessel, Caesarea pottery vessel , Samaria jars and more, Bible Land Shop models of the Holy Land Bible Time potteries are important aids for Sunday school, Churches, Synagogues and home.
This Archaeology antika tolls guide Christians and Jews of all denominations for better understanding of the scriptures and the Bible message being studied,


Infections and infectious diseases in humans are caused when harmful germs, known as pathogens (or pathogenic micro-organisms), enter the body and grow. These micro-organisms are so small they can only be seen using a microscope.
Pathogenic Organisms can be:
Bacteria that can multiply quickly at body temperature and reach harmful levels very fast. Examples of harmful bacteria include methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (commonly known as MRSA) and Clostridium difficile (known as C.Diff or C.Difficile). These two types of bacteria caused, or contributed to, 9000 deaths in hospitals or primary care in 2007.
Viruses that can survive on surfaces and in food can only multiply in living cells. It takes very few organisms to cause illness. They can be spread from person to person and from environment to food. Examples of viruses include Norovirus (also known as ‘winter vomiting disease’) and influenza (the flu virus).
Fungi are organisms which live on hosts that can be alive or dead. Examples of fungal infections include; athlete’s foot and ringworm. (A host could describe the organism from which the parasite feeds or in which it lives or grows)
Parasites live on or in another plant or animal, known as the host. Scabies is caused by mites that burrow into the skin causing severe itching.
Protozoa are single-celled organisms that live in water and damp conditions. Malaria is an example of a disease caused by protozoa.
Some groups of people may be more vulnerable to infection, for example because of age, or ill, or general health. If these groups become infected the symptoms may be serious and life-threatening. If the micro-organisms which cause the illness are resistant to antibiotics, it can be difficult to treat the illness.
Use to answer question 15.1a of the Care Certificate


UNICEF urges stronger safeguards for Ukrainian child refugees
UNICEF is urging countries accepting refugees from Ukraine to establish stronger safeguards for children at greater risk of human trafficking.
Why it matters: An estimated 1.5 million children have fled Ukraine since the Russian invasion began, UNICEF said in a statement Saturday. Improving coordination and screening at border crossings could identify children separated from their families before traffickers can take advantage of them.
By the numbers: More than 500 unaccompanied children were identified leaving Ukraine and entering Romania as of March 17, but the actual figure is likely much higher, according to UNICEF.
- Save the Children, a charity, estimated that 100,000 children live in orphanages and institutions in Ukraine.
- An analysis by UNICEF and the Inter-agency Coordination Group against Trafficking determined that 28% of all trafficking victims globally are children.
Details: UNICEF and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees are setting up safe spaces for children and women called “Blue Dots.”
- The spaces will offer information and services to refugees, as well as identify unaccompanied children to ensure their protection.
- Some have already been set up in countries accepting Ukrainian refugees. More are planned in the coming days, including 34 in Poland.
What they’re saying: Afshan Khan, UNICEF’s regional director for Europe and Central Asia, warned of “an acute child protection crisis” if more is not done to improve coordination efforts and screening for vulnerability.
- “Displaced children are extremely vulnerable to being separated from their families, exploited and trafficked. They need governments in the region to step up and put measures in place to keep them safe.”
Go deeper: "Refugee groups warn of trafficking risk for fleeing Ukrainians."


Practical and epistemic rationality
In this post, I want to look at the notion of rationality and gain an intuitive understanding of what we might mean when we say that something is more or less rational.
Broadly, there are two common senses in with the term is used.
One is in the sense of what’s called epistemic or theoretical rationality. Intuitively, this is the kind of rationality that aims for the truth. The practice of epistemic rationality involves making inferences from the things one believes to the things that are logically entailed by those beliefs.
The second sense of rationality, to be distinguished from epistemic rationality, is practical rationality, which is about deciding upon actions that one could take which cohere with one’s goals. From the perspective of practical rationality, believing something is just another action, and whether or not it’s rational to do so depends on the degree to which one can expect that action to take one closer to one’s goals.
For an example, let’s take Pascal’s Wager. The idea is that we can’t be certain whether God does or does not exist. But we can cultivate a belief one way or the other by selectively exposing ourselves to the right experiences. The epistemic rationalist would say that the thing to do is to collect evidence and reason carefully about it, and believe whatever is most strongly supported by the evidence. Pascal, in a famous example of practical rationality, looks at the cost/benefit analysis. Suppose God does exist. In that case, if I believe, then God will reward me with an eternity of bliss. But if I don’t believe, he will punish me with an eternity of hell. On the other hand, if God really doesn’t exist, then it only matters a little bit whether I believe or disbelieve, because there’s no eternity in heaven or hell to worry about. Given this situation, Pascal thinks, it’s in my best interest to believe in God, regardless of what the evidence says.
These are intuitive notions. To use them in an unambiguous way, we’ll have to analyze them further and try to define, as precisely as we can, the criteria of evaluation that will be used to measure some act for its practical or epistemic rationality.


One of the things that anyone considering buying an electric car cares about is the range. Unlike regular engine vehicles that can drive hundreds of kilometers on fuel, electric vehicles have to stop at the charging station for at least tens of minutes if they run out of battery. At that time, you can think that if you change the roof and bonnet of a car with solar cells, it will run a little long distance.
Dutch company Lightyear announced the lightyear One, an electric car that embodies this same idea. The installed battery can run up to 725 km in the WLTP cycle and has the feature of increasing the mileage with solar cells. Unlike Tesla and existing electric vehicles, it can travel long distances because it can be driven without relying on charging infrastructure.
Lightyear One consists of a 5m2 solar cell with an area of the roof and bonnet hood protected by safety glass. Of course, the weight is also quite light. Because it is lightweight, it means that power can be secured without burdening fuel economy.
The built-in battery can be charged for 400km overnight using a 230V socket. In the case of solar cells, the range can be increased to 12 km per hour. If a large-capacity battery is installed, it is possible to drive while replenishing the battery with solar cells, so it is an electric vehicle, but it is also a solar vehicle. 5In fact, the founder of Lightyear participated in the World Solar Challenge held in Australia during his school days and won the 2016 championship. It is said that Lightyear was established to make cars that can be mass produced and sold based on the know-how at this time.
Lightyear One priced the first 500 units it produced at $135,000. Even if the shipment is early, it is said to be after 2021. It is priced no different from a high-end sports car, but it can be attractive in that it can drive long distances without a charging environment. Related information can be found here .


The Border Rivers-Gwydir Catchment occupies an area of approximately 50,000 square kilometres.
The principal rivers that drain the inland slopes of the eastern highlands are the Dumaresq, Severn and Macintyre with the Gwydir River in the south west of the Catchment.
The Gwydir River is a major river of the Murray-Darling system that has undergone significant change with the construction of Copeton Dam in 1976. Much of the knowledge about fish and fish habitats of this system had not been recorded and as such current efforts by the Department to improve fishing in the river were hampered by the lack of baseline information.
A project was developed to document what fish and fish habitats were present before the dam was constructed in particular by gathering the oral histories of recreational fishers in the Gwydir catchment.
The key objectives of the project, which ran from November 2001 to April 2002, were to trial a method for documenting historical changes to fish and fish habitat within degraded rivers and to raise awareness of the natural resource management issues affecting native fish populations and the riverine ecosystem amongst the community.
A book Fish Everywhere - An oral history of fish and their habitats in the Gwydir River was the key output from the project. It summarises the views of residents on a variety of fish and fish related issues. It also presents up to date information on the biology of native fish and on the key issues such as cold-water pollution, fish passage, river regulation and riparian zone management.
This project was supported with a grant from the Natural Heritage Trust's Murray-Darling 2001 Fish Rehab Program.
Since its distribution in 2003 the book has proved to be a huge hit with recreational fishers and people who spend time on their rivers - not just in the Gwydir Valley.
The aquatic ecological community in the natural drainage system of the lowland catchment of the Darling River has been greatly modified since European settlement, through activities such as river regulation, the introduction of non-native species, agricultural practices and over-fishing. Many aquatic habitats are now degraded, and many native species have experienced declines in their numbers and distribution - some to the point where they are now listed as threatened.
This ecological community is listed as an endangered ecological community in NSW, meaning that it is likely to become extinct in nature in this state, unless the circumstances and factors threatening its survival and evolutionary development cease to operate.