An epiretinal membrane (ERM) has other names such as macular pucker or cellophane maculopathy. It is often referred to as a “wrinkle on the retina.”
Epiretinal membranes are quite common and occur in perfectly normal eyes.
Symptoms of Macular Pucker
An ERM is a thin membrane which covers the surface of the macula. The macula is the functional center of the retina providing 20/20 acuity and our best ability to see colors.
The membrane can cause the underlying macular tissue to wrinkle or “pucker” causing blurry vision and/or distortion.
Many ERMs do not affect vision and may be monitored.
What Causes an ERM?
In many cases, an epiretinal membrane can form on the surface of the retina following a PVD (posterior vitreous detachment), cataract surgery or following a retinal detachment or retinal tear.
Diagnosis of ERM
As with most retinal diseases, a dilated eye exam must be performed.
After direct examination, Drs. Friedman and Moinfar will often confirm the diagnosis of macular pucker with specialized testing to include an Optical Coherence Tomography, fundus photography or fluorescein angiography.
The goal of treatment is to surgically remove the epiretinal tissue.
Microsurgical instruments and an operating microscope in combination with sutureless vitrectomy techniques can be used to delicately peel the membrane from the retinal surface. After removing the vitreous, the membrane can stained using special dyes allowing us to better visualize the membrane. We have found that use of the dyes allows easier visualization, but also decreases recurrence.
Surgery is performed as an outpatient. Most cases are performed while you are are awake, but very comfortable. The procedure is painless.
Surgery is generally recommended for patients with progressive loss of vision and worsening distortion. Progression can be correlated to worsening vision and/or changes in the examination such as the OCT.
On very rare occasion, the ERM can spontaneously separate from the retina.


Testicular Cancer among Military Servicemen: The STEED Study
Testicular germ cell cancer has been increasing among men during most of the 20th century. Despite this increase, the etiology of testicular cancer is poorly understood. To better understand the molecular epidemiology of testicular cancer, the National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense are conducting a case-control study of testicular cancer among military servicemen. The project includes obtaining biosamples and questionnaire data from all participants. Pre-diagnostic serum samples are available from the approximately 1,100 cases and 1,100 controls enrolled in the study. Mothers of all participants are also invited to participate by donating a biosample and responding to a questionnaire.
Hormone Levels Related to Testicular Germ Cell Tumors in STEED
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are cancers that occur, primarily, among young men. TGCTs, as well as several other male reproductive disorders, may have a perinatal etiology that also results in aberrant hormonal levels. To examine this hypothesis, investigators in DCEG have been studying hormone levels in men who went on to develop TGCT and men who did not, as part of the STEED study. Thus far, investigators have examined the gonadotropins, LH and FSH, the steroid hormones, estradiol, testosterone, and sex- androstane-3a,17ß-diol glucuronide (3adiol-G) levels, and sex-hormone binding globulin. To more completely characterize the hormonal milieu that may precede TGCT, DCEG investigators also plan to examine hCG, inhibin, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and androsterone glucuronide.
For more information, contact Katherine McGlynn.


Once again I have modified the comparative and superlative system. Hopefully this will be the final version!
I have reverted to using prefixes. I hope to have a relatively small number of easily recognizable endings for adverbs and adjectives so using prefixes facilitates this.
The prefixes are based on “ta” and “ko”, which respectivly indicate large and small quantities or numbers of something. On their own these words can mean “much/ great” or “few/ little”.
To form a comparative “ta” or “ko” has “e-” placed before it to form “eta” or “eko”. Used on their own these words mean “more” or “lesser/ fewer”. The use of “e-” to indicate more or multiple is an idea I have adopted from Sona.
To form a superlative “ta” or “ko” has “o-” placed before it to form “ota” or “oko”. Used on their own these words mean “most” or “least/ fewest”. This use of “o-” is reminiscent of the formation of some Japanese words, as indeed is “ko” and to a lesser degree “ta”.
For the word “bon” (good) we can therefore form “bon, tabon, etabon and otabon”. If things are not so good we can say “kobon, ekobon or okobon”!
If we decided to have absolute superlatives there are a couple of options. We could add an additional augmentative or diminutive to the end of the superlative. Alternately the definite article can be placed before the superlative. “It bi de otabon!”


Kary Mullis – PCR Testing was first discovered by Kary Mullis in 1983 and is now widely used as diversely as diagnostics, forensics, genetic testing and cloning.
The PCR process is for amplifying DNA in a sample to detectable levels. This is very useful for small sample sizes. Some organisms such as viruses will contain only RNA and because of this, a reverse transcription process will convert the RNA to complimentary DNA (cDNA), which is used for the test. The earliest PCR processes were labour intensive and took many hours. Modern equipment will automate the process and diagnostic test results can be available in less than 2 hours.
All parts of the PCR test are carried out automatically within the analyser.
To amplify a segment of DNA using PCR, the sample is first heated so the DNA denatures, or separates into two pieces of single-stranded DNA. Next, an enzyme called "Taq polymerase" synthesizes - builds - two new strands of DNA, using the original strands as templates. This process results in the duplication of the original DNA, with each of the new molecules containing one old and one new strand of DNA. Then each of these strands can be used to create two new copies, and so on, and so on. The cycle of denaturing and synthesizing new DNA is repeated as many as 30 or 40 times, leading to more than one billion exact copies of the original DNA segment.
Do you have any questions or requests? Use this form to contact our specialists.


Blood Flow Restriction Training
Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFRT) is a relatively new technique in the rehab industry that has gained popularity due to its unique approach to strength training.
What is BFRT?
BFRT involves restricting blood flow to specific muscles using a specialized cuff, while performing exercises with lighter loads. This creates a hypoxic environment in the muscle, which causes metabolic stress and leads to muscle fatigue.
The Mechanism of BFRT
By restricting blood flow, BFRT creates a hypoxic environment in the muscle, which triggers the release of growth hormones and promotes muscle hypertrophy. It also leads to the recruitment of a greater number of muscle fibers, resulting in muscle growth and strength gains.
Requirements for BFRT
To perform BFRT, you need a specialized cuff that can be inflated to a specific pressure, a blood flow restriction device, and access to weights or resistance bands for exercise. It's important to use the equipment properly and follow safety guidelines to avoid injury.
The Benefits of Using BFRT
BFRT can lead to increased muscle size and strength, improved endurance, and faster recovery from injuries. It can also be used to maintain muscle mass during periods of inactivity or immobilization, such as after surgery or during injury recovery.
Why BFRT Leads to Faster Results
BFRT allows for muscle growth and strength gains to occur with lighter loads, reducing the risk of injury and allowing for more frequent training sessions. It also creates a hypoxic environment, which stimulates the release of growth hormones and promotes muscle hypertrophy. This leads to faster results compared to traditional strength training methods.


Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis)
Snowdrops derive their name for two readily apparent reasons. First is their lovely milky white color that resembles snowy dew at the end of pale green stalks (Galanthus means “milky white flower”). The second is their bloom schedule. Snowdrops are almost always the first plants to flower in the spring, in some cases literally poking their heads up in between the last melting snows of March.
Snowdrops are spread throughout the Conservatory Garden and can be found in almost all the flowering beds. The major benefit of planting Snowdrops is their early arrival. They can show up weeks before crocuses do, and will often poke through a covering of snow. In the South, snowdrops may even bloom all winter long.
The facts – all species of Galanthus have bulbs, linear leaves, and erect flowering stalks, destitute of leaves but bearing at the top a solitary pendulous bell-shaped flower. Galanthus nivalis grows 15 cm tall, flowering in January or February in the northern temperate zone. The white flower has six petals, the outer three segments being larger and more convex than the inner series. The six anthers open by pores or short slits. The ovary is three-celled, ripening into a three-celled capsule.
It has been suggested that the mysterious magical herb moly that appears in Homer’s Odyssey is actually snowdrop. An active substance in snowdrop is called galantamine, which, as anticholinesterase, could have acted as an antidote to Circe’s poisons. Please let us know if anyone is able to drop that tidbit into cocktail party conversation.
Classical references aside the Snowdrop may simply be known best as the first sign that winter is almost over and spring is not only theoretical, but an imminent reality.
One of the hidden wonders of Central Park is the Conservatory Garden at Fifth Avenue and 105th St. A secluded oasis, just a few steps down from one of the City’s busiest thoroughfares; the garden offers a fragrant respite from the gasp and clatter of the urban afternoon.


Q: Why shouldn’t you tell secrets on a farm?
A: Because the potatoes have eyes and the corn has ears!
Explanation: Ah, yes- more food jokes!
When you look at a potato, you will see it has small bumps sticking out. It is from these points that new potato plants will grow. These points are called eyes, potato eyes. No, potatoes cannot see with their eyes.
An ear of corn was explained here. When you take corn from the field, harvest the corn, you are taking the ears off of the plant.
This joke is funny because it plays with the word eyes (eyes you see with/eyes of a potato) and ears (ears you hear with/ears of corn). If potatoes can see you and the corn can hear you, you probably shouldn’t tell secrets!
Learn to grow potatoes here:
Pingback: Week Starting 03 02 2020 – iconnect
what does this pun mean?
To make sense, this pun is typically accompanied by a happy bee, the insect that makes honey and/or stings, such as in the image here: http://literally-is-aswel.blogspot.com/2019/09/bee-happy.html , a happy bee, as opposed to be happy (2 ‘e’ letters instead of one).
what does this joke mean?
what fruit does mario like? peach


WEEK 1 AUGUST 2011
5 Snack on berries for a great afternoon snack. Berries are rich in anthocyanins, compounds that slow cognitive decline and help you stay sharp. Blueberries are great. Blackcurrants are also excellent and a great source of Vitamin C which has long been thought to have the power to increase mental agility.
6 Ginkgo biloba stimulates brain circulation and memory.
7 Spinach and Broccoli. Spinach feeds the brain vital nutrients and enzymes that it needs to strengthen synapses and produce healthy levels of neurotransmitters as well as great source of folic acid. Broccoli is a great source of vitamin K, which is known to enhance cognitive function and improve brainpower.
Sunflower seeds – a perfect salad topper is packed with memory-preserving vitamin E and folic acid, which offer significant protection from cognitive decline.
Pumpkin seeds: Just a handful a day is all you need. The zinc is vital for enhancing memory and thinking skills.
Flaxseeds are another excellent source of Omega 3 fatty acids.
9 Relax with a cup of green tea. It will help boost mental power and protect the brain from toxins and free radicals. It also helps ward off fatigue and improve concentration.
3 Suspect Foods. There is evidence that the following foods can be bad for your brain: Artificial food colourings, artificial sweeteners, colas, corn syrup, frostings, high-sugar drinks, hydrogenated fats, sugars, white bread, and any white-flour products. Saturated fats have been shown to actually stunt the growth of brain cells.


EVEN THE EVERY DAY USE LOTA REFLECTS IN CLEAR TERMS
THE TWO NATION THEORY AND THAT IS INDEED AMAZING
Observation is clearly required for analysis. We were reading a very interesting comment by world renowned historian Dr Abdullah Chaghatai. He compares the Islamic lota (used for toilet purposes) with the Hindu Guddawi (used for Astan purposes). There is a well defined sprout in the Muslim lota and hardly any sprout in the Guddawi. Dr Chaghatai spells it in clear terms. The Muslims needed a long sprout to clean that particular section of the body, while the Hindu community had no such requirement. Plenty of water, versus a small Guddawi for sprinkling purposes. This is not imagination, this is clear cut fact that the Lota represents the two nation theory so well.
An Islamic Arts scholar came from London and we discussed the shape pf the sprout. He was defining the Lota in terms of centuries and I asked him, how on earth just by visual observation, he could date an utensil, and a lota. His reply was simple. He said it is the flow of the line. In a thousand years instead of advancing the aesthetics, you lost the basic aesthetic shape of the Lota. Amazing it was!
Look around. We can all live in peace, but we also have to acknowledge two different ways of life. Islamic way tells us SAFAI NISF IMAN, Islamic faith is fifty percent all about cleanliness. And a long sprout enables us to clean all parts of the body involved in toilet.
One thought on “EVEN THE EVERY DAY USE LOTA REFLECTS IN CLEAR TERMS – THE TWO NATION THEORY AND THAT IS INDEED AMAZING”
A long sprout enables the Muslim to reach that part of body for cleanliness not accessible otherwise.A simple toilet cleaning exercise!


Researchers from Sweden analysed the data from 11 trials and almost 7,000 patients with the disease and found that eating just 50g extra of processed meat per day can increase risk of developing pancreatic cancer by 19 per cent.
However the risk of developing pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive and deadly cancers, remains comparatively low: according to Cancer Research UK, one in 77 men will get it in their lifetime, and one in 79 women.
The UK government already recommends people limit their daily intake of processed meat such as sausages and bacon to 70g a day, after a link was found to bowel cancer.
“Pancreatic cancer has poor survival rates. So as well as diagnosing it early, it’s important to understand what can increase the risk of this disease,” said the study lead, Professor Susanna Larsson of the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) said the report may be an early indication of another risk factor for pancreatic cancer. It says there is also “strong evidence” that being overweight or obese increases the risk of getting the disease and already advises people to cut processed meats out of their diets entirely.
“We will be re-examining the factors behind pancreatic cancer later this year as part of our Continuous Update Project, which should tell us more about the relationship between cancer of the pancreas and processed meat,” said WCRF deputy head of science Rachel Thompson.


نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Water pricing is one of the important economic tools for water increasing demand management in the agricultural sector. In this study the economic value of agricultural water was calculated by using production function, in plain of Yazd–Ardakan. For this purpose, the required data through questionnaires from farmers producing wheat samples were collected in 1387-1388. After studying the results of different production functions, the generalized Leontief production function was selected as desired production function for wheat crop. The results of estimating water demand function shows that price elasticity of demand is equal to -2, that indicate demand of water is sensitive to water price changes. Therefore, using of pricing policies is an economic tool for reducing water use. Also, water economic value and water unit price per cubic meter were calculated 997.5 and 530,8 rials, respectively. The difference between economic value and unit price of water can be one of the reasons of excessive and unefficiency water use in wheat production.
JEL Classification: C21, D24, N44
Water, Production Function, Demand Function, Price Elasticity of Water Demand, Productivity, Water Valuation


Celebrate Picture Book Month with these five books from our 100 Picture Books to Keep on the Shelves list.
When all the other mice are gathering food for winter, Frederick is sitting in the fields and enjoying the sun. Though the other mice complain about his lack of help, Frederick promises that he is helping, and when the winter turns bleak, he proves his promise true by keeping the winter months filled with stories and poems.
Freedom in Congo Square, illustrated by R. Gregory Christie, written by Carole Boston Weatherford
An age-appropriate way to introduce the history of slavery to young readers, this story follows the every day lives of slaves in 19th century Louisiana. Each day while they relentlessly worked, slaves counted down the days until Sunday when, for half a day, they were able to gather in Congo Square in New Orleans and set up market
Perfect for young readers who are beginning to read on their own, and learn colors. The text in this book is simple and broken up between phrases.
Frog and Toad are Friends by Arnold Lobel
The classic Frog and Toad stories are ideal for young readers who are just starting to read on their own, but might still need a little help. This book is a perfect introduction to the Frog and Toad stories, and will entertain young readers.
Fry Bread: A Native American Family Story by Kevin Noble Maillard, illustrated by Juana Martinex-Neal
A story that connects food with culture, this book explores the history of fry bread in an easy to explain way. The author’s note includes more in-depth history about the Native American tradition of fry bread.


Generally speaking, news is an information report about current events. It is usually given in newspapers or on the radio. Typically, the news must be significant, interesting, and new. It must also be brief.
In the past, news was mainly printed and manually typed. However, in the 20th century, television became an important means of transmitting news. Today, the Internet plays a similar role.
In the past, news stories were only told once, but in the 21st century, they can be shared and viewed by many people at once. That is why many advocacy organizations pitch their news stories to media. They hope to reach funders and policy makers through their stories.
Although the way news is judged is the same everywhere, news values vary depending on the medium used. For instance, some theories explain the news value of money stories. These include economic crises, food prices, and school fees.
Another news value is exclusivity. Some newspapers and producers draw attention to this. It is considered newsworthy if it is exclusive to the publication.
An element of surprise is also a factor in determining the news value of a story. In addition, news stories can have positive or negative overtones.
Besides the factors described above, news values can be influenced by arbitrary variables. For example, a new insect discovery could be a major news story. But, the general public would not find it interesting. Similarly, a coup d’etat in a neighboring country would affect the stability of the country.


Why Do Cats Hiss At Each Other
Why Do Cats Hiss at Other Cats.
Why do cats hiss at each other. It is a final warning. Some cats view others as possibly threatening hissing to say Keep your distance or Ill attack This warning can stem from fear territorial instincts or a desire to maintain social order. But you may be surprised to learn that there are actual.
Cats will hiss at each other when they feel threatened its a way to communicate to the other cat that they need to stay away. Oh but the do. Cats bite each others knecks because they are playing or fighting.
Its up to you to figure out which one of these is the source o. Cats also bite each others necks when learning how to hunt efficiently and preparing for adulthood. His first instinct is to hiss in the hope that you will back off she says.
If not properly introduced cats have a tendency to not get along. Most cats arent aggressive by nature they just dont enjoy confrontation. Answer 1 of 6.
Hissing at you usually means youve moved too quickly toward the cat or hes unsure about what youre about to do. In most cases older cats do this to new kittens to scare them away. This does not mean they will ignore each other as polite humans might but most likely will end up in a hissing match.
In that case the hiss serves as a way to warn the other cat without escalating into an actual cat fight in which one or both cats may be injured. Cats that feel like they are in danger may hiss in a confrontation with another animal or hiss at a person whom they dont feel comfortable around. But why do cats hiss at each other.
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What does EU organic mean?
Europe Union Organic EU legislation ensures that ‘organic’ means the same for consumers and producers all over the EU. Legislation concerning organic produce is developed with the participation of Member States and the assistance of advisory and technical committees and expert bodies.
What problem can be reduced by organic farming methods?
A new study has found that organic farming is much more efficient at recycling nitrogen than conventional farming, helping reduce global nitrogen pollution, New Hope reports.
How organic farming is important?
Organic farming which is a holistic production management system that promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity is hence important. The increased soil health in organic farms also resulted in considerably lower insect and disease incidence.
Which is the first organic country?
Estonia – the World’s first organic country!
How can I start organic farming at home?
Here are the most crucial things to remember, according to her:
- Prepare the soil with cow dung and nutritious compost (to make your compost, order this kit)
- Look out for weeds, pests after planting.
- Everyday care is a must.
- Hang yellow or blue boards with castor oil spread on them to prevent pests.
Is there an international organization for organic farming?
Organic farming. Organic agricultural methods are internationally regulated and legally enforced by many nations, based in large part on the standards set by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), an international umbrella organization for organic farming organizations established in 1972.
How is organic farming different from conventional farming?
Organic farming relies more heavily on the natural breakdown of organic matter then the average conventional farm, using techniques like green manure and composting, to replace nutrients taken from the soil by previous crops.
How does the USDA help your organic business?
USDA Organic. Many USDA agencies serve the growing organic sector. Whether you’re already certified organic, considering transitioning all or part of your operation, or working with organic producers, we have resources for you. This portal connects you with programs, services, and educational materials that can help your organic farm or business.
Where can I find information on organic agriculture?
This Website offers information on organic agriculture available at FAO. It also functions as a “road map” whereby users are directed to other relevant websites.


Peguis First Nation is a Treaty 1 First Nation, located in Manitoba, Canada. There are approximately 10,246 members of Peguis First Nation of Ojibway and Cree descent. The main community of Peguis, Peguis 1B, is located approximately 196 km north of Winnipeg. Peguis 1B is located in the East Interlake Watershed District along the Fisher River. Peguis First Nation depends on the Fisher River as a source of subsistence, and for transportation within the community. However, the physical location of the community on the banks of the river means the community is not only vulnerable to changes in the quality of the Fisher River, but also threatened by varying water levels and flooding due to hydro electric and water control infrastructure and climate change impacts. Peguis First Nation homes, businesses, and community infrastructure (including the water treatment plant and roads) are all adjacent to the Fisher River and potentially at risk. Peguis understands that a changing climate will impact the risk of flooding in the community. Furthermore, Peguis recognizes that water levels in the Fisher River are influenced by both environmental factors and active management by hydroelectric control structures, creating a dynamic and complex system that requires an integrated and strategic management approach. In addition to flood and water-related risks, the main community of Peguis First Nation is located in dense forest lands that have experienced several burns in the past few years, most recently in the spring of 2021. As summers get hotter and drier, the threat of fire in these mature forests presents a severe risk to Peguis citizens. As a result, fire management—including planning, prevention and fire-fighting capacity—is of utmost importance to Peguis First Nation. Hotter and drier summers are also impacting Peguis citizens’ ability to use controlled or broadcast burns to maintain and modify the landscapes to regenerate culturally important vegetation (including medicines) and pasturelands for livestock
Flood and fire risk are exacerbated by extreme and severe weather events that the community has faced for several years. These extreme weather events, such as strong winds, snowstorms and the threat of flooding, have caused significant damage to the community, and at times, have resulted in emergency evacuations. Extreme weather is another one of the vulnerabilities that the community faces as climate change continues to affect the area. Peguis First Nation aims to take action to address these risks by establishing an integrated and strategic climate change adaptation plan through this Project.


Influence of dams on stream fish biodiversity across a diverse Georgia landscape
Type of DegreeThesis
Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures
MetadataShow full item record
The composition of a stream fish assemblage is strongly influenced by the drainage basin, physiographic region, and the stream order it occurs in. It is also well known that anthropogenic disturbances can dramatically influence stream communities. My study investigated responses of fish faunas in Georgia to an anthropogenic disturbance, non-hydroelectric dams, a very common disturbance in streams of the South-eastern U.S. Fish assemblage sensitivity to dams was compared across drainages (Alabama, Altamaha and Apalachicola), physiographic provinces (Ridge and Valley, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain), and stream orders (1-3). Overall, similarity within treatment sites was 5.6% (P = 0.040) higher than similarity within free-flowing reference sites across the landscape, suggesting that dams contributed to fish faunal homogenization. One major difference in the below-dam assemblages was a 13.37% mean increase in relative abundance of Lepomis individuals. However, the relative abundances of darter individuals, non-native species, benthic fluvial specialists, and cyprinid insectivores did not change significantly. Overall biotic integrity was significantly lower for treatment site assemblages (P = 0.041), but native species richness was not significantly affected. I found no significant difference in habitat parameters between treatment and reference sites. Physiographic region, drainage basin, and stream order did not significantly influence assemblage sensitivity to dams as indicated with an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI). Site distance downstream of a dam in the range of 0.2-10.5 km did not significantly impact IBI score or native species richness, and likewise proportion of the watershed dammed did not significantly influence either IBI score or native species richness.


This popular classic, Bailliï¿½re’s Nurses’ Dictionary, is now in its 26th edition, and fully updated to ensure it retains its usefulness to nurses and health care workers. New entries reflect the constantly changing world of health care services. Containing a wealth of useful information in a convenient pocket-sized format, this is an essential resource for everyone involved in nursing and health care. Appendices: 1 Nutrition 2 Resuscitation 3 First Aid 4 Medicines and their Control 5 The Legal and Professional Framework of Nursing 6 Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics Section 1: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Section 2: Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) 7 Common Abbreviations 8 Common Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots 9 Units of Measurement and Tables of Normal Values 10 Immunization and Vaccinations 11 Occupational Health and Safety 12 Prevention and Control of Infection 13 Practice Development 14 Clinical Supervision
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400 Market St #220, Chapel Hill, NC 27516
We are well into winter, and that typically means we spend less time soaking up the sun, and in turn, our bodies get less vitamin D. While there’s a well-known link between overall health and even happiness and vitamin D, it may surprise you learn that there’s also a strong correlation between a lack of vitamin D and oral health problems. Our dental office in Chapel Hill wants to help our patients not only understand why vitamin D is so important for oral health but also learn other ways (besides sunshine) to get it.
Getting a healthy dose of vitamin D daily not only helps boost our immune systems, but it can also help keep us healthier. Vitamin D keeps blood pressure low, aids the pancreas in producing insulin, and lowers the risk for infections including, but not limited to, gum disease. However, when we aren’t getting enough vitamin D, our bodies and teeth are at risk.
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to osteoporosis, increased risk for type 1 diabetes, and even breast, colon, or prostate cancer. But the dangers don’t end there. Numerous studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency also increases the risk of dental decay. This is because vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and phosphate — both of which are crucial for building and keeping strong tooth enamel. Without an adequate intake of vitamin D, our teeth are at risk for weakening and developing cavities.
The sun is a great way to fuel our bodies with vitamin D. But during winter months it becomes difficult to spend time outside enjoying the sun’s rays. To compensate, it’s important to make sure you’re getting enough vitamin D from somewhere else. Some great ways to keep up with your vitamin D intake is by:
Perhaps vitamin D’s most important job is helping us absorb calcium. The truth is, without vitamin D our bodies don’t absorb nearly enough calcium to protect our bones (and our teeth!) from deterioration. Make sure to pair foods high in vitamin D with those containing a lot of calcium such as:
Providing your body with the right amount of vitamin D is important not only for your body but also for your oral health. Make sure your diet is packed with enough vitamin D and calcium to protect your smile. As always, our dental office in Chapel Hill is here to help get and keep your smile healthy for life.


Following a visit by some of its members to an after school program in Providence, RI, the Wallace Foundation, a nonprofit dedicated to increasing access to quality educational programs, shared this quote from a student: “I’d walk a mile for a quality program. But I wouldn’t walk across the street for a bad one.”
Over the past 15 years, the need for quality after school programs has increased. And, as the field continues to progress, the need to monitor and improve program quality also increases. Quality programs have garnered a wide range of support and funding from public and private sources. To sustain such support, programs must deliver positive results consistently.
Quality programs possess characteristics that support and promote healthy learning and development. A 2011 issue brief from the After School Alliance outlines 8 common characteristics of quality after school programs:
- Prepared staff
- Intentional programming
- Alignment with the school day
- Promotion of varied youth engagement
- Strong community partners
- Safety, health and wellness
- Sustained student participation and access
- Ongoing assessment and improvement</BL>
Through a commitment to quality improvement, programs can ensure positive results in student achievement, behavior and family and social life. Read the full issue brief to learn more about the characteristics of quality after school programs.


Scientists just found out a crucial part of what makes SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, so infectious: It's capable of sneaking into our cells totally under the radar.
It's a devious biological trick. A team of scientists at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio discovered that the coronavirus contains a particular enzyme, nsp16, that it uses to fool our cells into thinking it's supposed to be there.
"It's a camouflage," lead author Yogesh Gupta said in a press release.
The enzyme allows SARS-CoV-2 to modify part of the RNA molecules that make up its genetic code, according to research published Friday in the journal Nature Communications — a tweak that tricks the host cell into accepting the virus as part of itself rather than triggering an immune system response.
"Because of the modifications, which fool the cell, the resulting viral messenger RNA is now considered as part of the cell's own code and not foreign," Gupta said.
Thankfully, now that scientists have uncovered the virus' trick, they may be able to develop antiviral medications that block it from happening. That way, the virus would have a much harder time sneaking into our bodies without raising any alarms.
"This is a fundamental advance in our understanding of the virus," study co-author Dr. Robert Hromas said in the release.
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READ MORE: SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Has a “Camouflage” That Causes Cells Not to Recognize It – “Fundamental Advance in Our Understanding of the Virus” [The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio]
More on SARS-CoV-2: Scientists: Coronavirus Likely a Hybrid of Two Other Viruses


AAI Remembers Nelson Mandela
Statement from Amini Kajunju, President and CEO of The Africa-America Institute
Today, The Africa-America Institute (AAI), joins the world in mourning the passing of South African President Nelson Mandela. A great son of Africa, throughout his life Mandela stood for justice and peace in South Africa with grace and tenacity. Despite the enormous obstacles and crippling burden of apartheid, he envisioned a nation where all people had equal rights and freedom.
Mandela was committed to education and was a lifelong educator. He once said: “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” Education was a way to break down barriers and foster peace. Few knew that while he was imprisoned on Robben Island, he taught his fellow prisoners and even illiterate Afrikaaner guards to read.
A longtime friend of AAI, we honored him in 1992 for leading the struggle against apartheid and commitment to education, development and democracy. Nelson Mandela steadfastly believed in AAI’s mission of advancing education to bolster development on the African continent.
“AAI helps to empower our people and give them opportunities to acquire knowledge and skills, technology and equipment to make them better citizens,” he remarked about AAI.
As we remember Mandela’s life and legacy, we must commit to redoubling our efforts to expand access to education on all levels in Africa to accelerate development progress and to build a strong educated and skilled workforce.
Thank you Madiba for your commitment to education and dedication to empowering all people worldwide!


Pretend to be a Paleontologist
These Dinosaur Skeleton play dough mats can be used in many different ways depending on the age using them. Experiment with how the bones go together or what the dinosaur may have looked like using the bones as a base.
What is Paleontology?
Paleontology is the study of the history of life. It is a combination of Geology (study of rocks) and Biology (Study of Life).
Paleontologists use fossils to try to figure out three main things about fossils: Identity and origin of the fossil, the fossil’s environment, and what the fossil can tell us about the history of the earth. Because paleontologists are interested in finding out about all life on earth, they study all kinds of fossils, not just dinosaur bones. There are many different types of paleontologists. Some study fossil plants, some study fossil fish, some study fossil mammals, and some study dinosaurs.
Some play ideas:
- make the shapes of the bones out of play dough and see if you can get them to fit together
- use large pieces of play dough to cover the bones and pretend to be the muscle and skin of the dinosaur
- Use tissue and white glue cover the bones and make them 3d. Shape coloured tissue over the top to make the skin of the dinosaur
This kids STEM activities can be used to promote:
Language skills: labelling the bones, asking questions and inquiry, discussing procedural elements of the task, counting the bones
Social skills: Sharing ideas, working with a partner to create the shapes/stick down objects, turn taking
Fine motor skills: manipulating materials, using tools to create shapes/cut
Please don’t forget to share your creations on social media using the hashtag #inspiredbyokdolls
Printables are for home and educator/classroom use.


Download the methodological supplement
Far too many patients in some Australian hospitals get a treatment they should not receive, against all evidence that the treatment is unnecessary or does not work.
This report identifies five treatments that should not be given to certain types of patients. Yet this happened to nearly 6000 people – or 16 people a day – in 2010-11.
These treatments – which include treating osteoarthritis of the knee with an arthroscope, filling a backbone with cement to treat fractures and putting patients in a pressurised oxygen chamber when it will not improve their condition – can cause harm.
Some patients who had the treatments developed infections during their hospital stay or could have avoided the stress, cost, inconvenience and risk of a hospital stay altogether.
These treatments happen in only a minority of hospitals, but some of those hospitals provide them at 10 or 20 times the average rate, at great cost to patients and the community.
Australia needs a system to let these outlier hospitals know where they stand so that they can improve their care.
More thorough use of data that governments already possess could identify many more treatments that should be performed rarely or never on many patients.
There are reasons why clinicians sometimes choose inappropriate treatments. Evidence about treatments can be hard for clinicians to evaluate, access and use.
There is little systematic monitoring of where these treatments happen, and there are rarely major negative consequences for providing ineffective care. In fact, hospitals and clinicians get income for doing so.
This report explains how and why some patients get ineffective care and what governments should do to ensure that far fewer people get the wrong treatment.


Anomaly Detection is a widely used for Machine Learning as a service to find out the abnormalities in a system. The idea is to create a model under a probabilistic distribution. In our case, we will be dealing with the Normal (Gaussian) distribution. So, when a system works normally it’s features reside under a normal curve. And when it behaves abnormally, it’s features move to the far ends of the normal distribution curve. Middle area shows distribution of normal behavior and the red areas on the far ends show distribution of abnormal behavior. If you already don’t know, you should read the concepts of Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation first. In the next paragraphs I’ll be addressing how do we create a distribution curve for our system? The system I work on generates a file, daily. Having different number of lines in it every day. There is no defined range for the number of lines it should have. So, my problem was how to auto-detect if the file for today had too low number of lines or too high number of lines.
Now that I had data for two weeks. I could find out the mean (average) number of lines. On the distribution curve in Figure 1, this would be the middle of the curve horizontally, i-e 0 on the x axis. But in the list of line counts above, it can be seen that actual values deviate from the mean, which is 55728.722222 in this case. For example, take 68336 which is reasonably away from the mean. I had the valid data, but I no false examples. That is, the examples that will guage the accuracy of my anomaly detection system. What I did was added a few examples that I consider as anomalous, and see if my system learns and predicts correctly.
It could be seen that our original data follows a pattern. Whereas the false examples we added later are scattered away. Those are the outliers we want to catch!! Let’s do some calculations to get mean and variance of our training dataset. What we do here is use mean and variance to model a normal (Gaussian) distribution like the one shown in Figure 1. And then we calculate f1score to find out a value (Epsilon) which we can set as best decisive threshold between our normal and abnormal values. [sharethis-inline-buttons]


Intertidal shellfish operations are often hindered by biofouling. In Puget Sound, an estuarine fjord in Washington State which hosts many commercial shellfish farms, a particularly interesting form of biofouling can occur. Basket cockles (Clinocardium
nuttallii), a medium-sized bivalve, accumulate in aquaculture cultivation equipment such as PVC piping and mesh tubes (see Figure 1) used for planting geoduck (Panopea
generosa) seed. Farmers sometimes remove and discard cockles from these tubes as they worry that the density of cockles may limit the growth and yield of their target crop, geoduck. However, this ‘nuisance’ species has been a preferred food for many Native American tribes in the Puget Sound region for thousands of years. In fact, some of the earliest forms of aquaculture were “clam gardens” which indigenous people would actively cultivate and care for. Recently, cockles have become increasingly difficult for tribal members to find in their usual and accustomed fishing areas. This presents an opportunity to create a mutually beneficial relationship between shellfish farmers and tribal communities, providing an outlet for this unwanted byproduct of geoduck aquaculture while restoring a preferred indigenous food.
Here we discuss our work to investigate the prevalence and patterns of cockle biofouling on geoduck farms across Puget Sound. We conducted surveys on two large commercial farms in the summer of 2022 to estimate the potential harvestable biomass of cockles per cultivated area. We then looked at cockle abundance and biomass in relation to factors such as geoduck presence, tidal elevation, geoduck tube condition, and geoduck planting date. By developing a more comprehensive understanding of these relationships, as well as the abundance of this fouling species across geoduck farms, we seek to maximize efficiency and success in potential future efforts to harvest and utilize these cockles.


Building a natural language processing (NLP) system using Python involves the following steps:
- Install necessary libraries: Python has several libraries that are useful for NLP, including NLTK, TextBlob, spaCy, and Gensim. Choose the library that suits your needs and install it.
- Data collection: Before you can start processing natural language, you need data to analyze. You can collect data from various sources such as websites, social media platforms, and text files.
- Text preprocessing: Once you have collected your data, you need to pre-process it. Pre-processing includes cleaning the text of any unnecessary characters, converting text to lowercase, and removing stop words.
- Tokenization: Tokenization is the process of breaking text into individual words or phrases. This step is important because it allows you to analyze each word or phrase in the text.
- Part-of-speech tagging: Part-of-speech tagging is the process of labeling each word in the text with its corresponding part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, etc.). This step is necessary because it helps determine the meaning of each word in a sentence.
- Named entity recognition: Named entity recognition (NER) is the process of identifying and classifying named entities such as people, organizations, and locations in a text. NER is crucial in many NLP applications such as sentiment analysis and text summarization.
- Sentiment analysis: Sentiment analysis is the process of determining the sentiment or opinion expressed in a piece of text. This step is useful in analyzing customer feedback, product reviews, and social media posts.
- Topic modeling: Topic modeling is the process of identifying topics in a collection of text documents. It is helpful for organizing large amounts of unstructured data and is often used in applications such as text summarization and content recommendation.
- Machine learning: Machine learning techniques such as classification and regression can be used to train models to perform specific NLP tasks. These models can be used to automatically classify text and extract useful information.
By following these steps and using Python libraries, you can build a powerful NLP system that can be used in a variety of applications.


Edmonton International Airport (EIA) and Air Canada are to sign a new partnership which aims to reduce carbon emissions and advance sustainability in the aviation sector.
The organizations will work together to test emerging green technologies at EIA’s Airport City Sustainability Campus, an ecosystem created to foster environmental innovation. The partnership will focus on initiatives that will promote a cleaner environment and includes the following areas of research:
- Electrification of aviation equipment;
- Hydrogen fuel cell technologies;
- Green power generation using Airport City Solar, the world’s largest airport-based solar farm;
- Development and usage of sustainable aviation fuels, biofuels and hydrogen;
- Replacement of single-use plastics with plant-fibre materials;
- Drones for e-commerce and cargo delivery;
- Other initiatives in industries such as agriculture and forestry to offset carbon emissions 2.
Myron Keehn, VP, air service and business development, Edmonton International, said, “Finding good partners who share our core values is critical. Air Canada is passionate about reducing its environmental impact and our partnership shows how airlines and airports can work together to promote a sustainable future. This is only the beginning as we know that there are tremendous opportunities to lead in both an environmentally and economically sustainable way.”


Children are particularly vulnerable to series head and neck injuries due to bicycle accidents, therefore, the Tennessee passed a mandatory bicycle helmet statute (“the Act”) to require all children under 16 years old to wear helmets while operating a bicycle. However, the Act does not mandate helmets for anyone 16 and over; therefore, the protections are only partially extended.
The Legislature found that fewer than five percent of children nationwide wear helmets despite extensive evidence that they prevent or obviate serious disability or death if an accident occurs.
The Act includes all bicycles, including multi-seats and tandem-operated bikes. However, it specifically excludes tricycles. The Helmet Law covers both the operator and passengers on a bike. Therefore, a child riding a bike operated by an adult would be required to wear a helmet.
Special Rules for Children
In addition to the helmet rule, the Act also created a second safety requirement for children under 40 pounds or under 40 inches in height which obligated them to ride in separate seats with restraints (i.e. belts). Therefore, bikes marketed with spare seats who want to cater to children must include safety belts.
For adult offenders (i.e. parents who do not put helmets on their kids) the fine is two dollars. However, if within a year of the offense, the accused purchases a helmet and provides proof – they may recover the fine or avoid paying it entirely. Children are not fined or punished for failing to wear a helmet.
Effect on Adults
While anyone 16 and over is excluded from the Helmet Law, the failure to wear a helmet in an accident may be considered by the court as evidence that any award of compensation should be reduced. The courts take the position that plaintiffs who are partially responsible for the accident or their injuries should have their compensation reduced to reflect the plaintiff’s contribution to their injury.
Concerning bicycle accidents, if an adult fails to wear a helmet and suffers substantial injuries in an accident (injuries that could have been reduced by a helmet), the court may consider that as evidence that his damages should be reduced. Moreover, this presumption is reinforced when the Government passes laws or publishes reports that find wearing helmets is safer and affords greater protection.
However, Tennessee specifically excludes the use of failure to wear a helmet or safety restraint, as evidence in any civil trial.


About Plant Dahlia Fresco With a multitude of different colours, shapes and sizes, Dahlias bring life and beauty back to your landscape in late summer and into the fall months. The diversity of the Dahlia allow you to use them in many different aspects of your landscape design, from low growing border plants to stately background plantings that may reach six feet in height! Dahlias make excellent cut flowers, which will typically last about a week in the house.
PropagationDahlia plants range in height from as low as 12 inches to as tall as 6-8 feet. Dahlias tolerate most soil types, but prefer a sandy, well drained, slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6.2- 6.5. If your soil is heavy or clay, adding sand and peat moss will help to lighten it..
||Easy to grow
|Preferred climate||18-22 Degree C|
|Germination Time||7 to 10 days|
|Season to plant||Aug,Sept,Oct or in Jan,Feb,March|
To provide borders at Garden corners, Garden pathways, Garden .
To form flower beds in garden.
Great Choice For Pavement Gardens, Flower Beds And Hanging Planters .


Signature Meaning and Definition
What is the definition Signature? What is its meaning in the dictionary? Derivations, Synonyms, Example sentences, How to pronounce? Related sentences, Words starting with Signature, Words ending with Signature, Antonyms and more...
How to pronounce: ˈsɪgnɒʧə
1. A person's name written in a distinctive way as a form of identification in authorizing a check or document or concluding a letter.
Example sentences: "The signature of a senior manager"
2. Short for key signature or time signature
Example sentences: "Sharps in signatures did not become common until the 17th century."
3. A letter or figure printed at the foot of one or more pages of each sheet of a book as a guide in binding.
4. The part of a medical prescription that gives instructions about the use of the medicine or drug prescribed.
Keep in Mind
Images related to Signature
Signature in Other Languages...


The history it contains refers to a period perhaps about one hundred and twenty-six years before the birth of David. It gives (1) an account of Naomi's going to Moab with her husband, Elimelech, and of her subsequent return to Bethlehem with her daughter-in-law; (2) the marriage of Boaz and Ruth; and (3) the birth of Obed, of whom David sprang.
The author of this book was probably Samuel, according to Jewish tradition.
"Brief as this book is, and simple as is its...
Let thine eyes be on the field that they do reap, and go thou after them: have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch thee? and when thou art athirst, go unto the vessels, and drink of that which the young men have drawn.
And Boaz answered and said unto her, It hath fully been shewed me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother in law since the death of thine husband: and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people which thou knewest not heretofore.
Then she said, Let me find favour in thy sight, my lord; for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken friendly unto thine handmaid, though I be not like unto one of thine handmaidens.
And Boaz said unto her, At mealtime come thou hither, and eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar. And she sat beside the reapers: and he reached her parched corn, and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left.
And her mother in law said unto her, Where hast thou gleaned to day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee. And she shewed her mother in law with whom she had wrought, and said, The man's name with whom I wrought to day is Boaz.
And Naomi said unto her daughter in law, Blessed be he of the LORD, who hath not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead. And Naomi said unto her, The man is near of kin unto us, one of our next kinsmen.


Doktor Hertzsprung, Doctor Russell,
Why is your diagram such a tussle ?
Why is your axis the wrong way round,
Higher to lower, bluer to redder ?
Does it reveal some secret profound,
Hotter to cooler, younger to deader ?
Your sweeping main sequence is mirrored about,
Your plot’s lost the plot, and your graph’s up the spout.
Actually, I’m being a little unfair here. The original plot was absolute magnitude (aka luminosity) on the y-axis, and the peak wavelength of light on the x (or ‘spectral type’). Since high-energy blue light has many more waves in the same distance as lower-energy red light, so the length between peaks in red light is longer, and thus a higher number. (Incidentally, Omicron2 Eriadne B was the first white dwarf discovered in 1910.)
When it was later realised that the wavelengths directly related to surface tempurature, the latter was substituted, but now the numbers were going down instead of up, and nobody bothered to flip it. But thanks to the wonders of the internet, I was able to rustle up the following:


Inter- and intra-annual velocity variations are well known on alpine glaciers, but their importance for Arctic glaciers has only been recognized more recently. This paper presents flow velocity data from Finsterwalderbreen, a 35 km2 polythermal surge-type glacier in southern Svalbard that is presently ∼100 years into its quiescent phase. Field measurements of glacier surface velocities are available from 1950–52 and 1994–97, and mean velocities for the last decade are estimated for the lower glacier using cables drilled to the glacier bed. These velocities show substantial seasonal variations indicating that basal sliding is an important component of surface velocities and interannual fluctuations of up to 75%, possibly indicating variations in subglacial water storage. Several lines of evidence indicate that this glacier has an extensive subglacial hydrological system, generally considered to be a prerequisite for surge-type glaciers, which is at least partly pressurized. Information on surface morphology from 1898 onwards shows that the glacier has experienced continuous retreat since the last surge in about 1910, and has now retreated ∼1.5 km further back than its previous pre-surge position in 1898. Tracking of moraine loops on terrestrial and aerial photographs acquired over a 100 year period indicates that the surge period of Finsterwalderbreen may be lengthening in response to climate changes.
|Number of pages||5|
|Journal||Annals of Glaciology|
|Publication status||Published - 1 Aug 2005|


In February 2013, the Constitutional Convention considered a proposal to amend Article 40.1 to include an explicit reference to gender equality as a fundamental right – 62 per cent voted in favour of the change.1 Eighty-nine per cent of participants supported amending the Constitution to include gender-inclusive language.2
Furthermore, 88 per cent of Constitutional Convention participants voted in favour of amending the clause in Article 41.2 on the role of women in the home.3 The Convention suggested that the provision should be made gender-neutral to take account of other carers in the home and recommended extending the provision to carers outside the home. According to Census 2011, there are 187,112 people providing unpaid care or assistance, the majority of whom (61 per cent) are women.4 The Government put in place a taskforce of senior civil servants from the Department of Justice and Equality to consider how best to include gender-neutral language in the Constitution. The taskforce is due to report back to the Government with recommendations by 31 October 2014.5
The position of women in the context of each of the rights outlined in the Covenant will be reviewed throughout this report.
FLAC urges the Committee to recommend that the State:
Hold a referendum, as soon as practicable, to amend the Irish Constitution to include gender-inclusive language, in line with the recommendation of the Constitutional Convention.
Resource the full implementation of the National Women’s Strategy.
Provide adequate funding for the National Women’s Council and women’s projects at the local level.
1 Constitutional Convention (2013) Second Report of the Convention on the Constitution, Dublin: Constitutional Convention, pp.8-9.
2 Constitutional Convention (2013) Second Report of the Convention on the Constitution, Dublin: Constitutional Convention, pp.8-9.
3 Constitutional Convention (2013) Second Report of the Convention on the Constitution, Dublin: Constitutional Convention, pp.8-9.
4 Government of Ireland (2012) Census 2011 Profile 8 – Our Bill of Health, Dublin: Stationery Office, p.34.
5 Minister for Justice and Equality, Frances Fitzgerald TD, Parliamentary Questions: Written Answers, [26581/14], 24 June 2014.
Last Updated: 22/01/2015 ^ back to top


New Harvard Study Shows Benefits of Active Learning Versus Lecture
A recent study from Harvard University researchers shows that even though students feel like they learn more through traditional lectures, they actually learn more in classrooms that employ active learning strategies. The study, which was published in a September 4 issue PNAS, exposes students in an introductory physics class at Harvard to lecture and active learning. For the first eleven weeks of the course, students attended a standard class taught by an experienced professor. In the twelfth week, half the class was randomly assigned to a classroom that used active learning, and the other half attended lectures. During the next class, the two groups were reversed.
Students were surveyed after each class and were tested on how much they learned through a short multiple choice test. Results showed that while students felt like they learned more in lectures, they scored higher on tests following active learning sessions.
The results shed light on how students feel about active learning. Oftentimes, students who are experiencing active learning for the first time can become frustrated and resist the techniques. It’s not until later that they see the benefits of active learning strategies.
“Deep learning is hard work. The effort involved in active learning can be misinterpreted as a sign of poor learning,” said Louis Deslauriers, lead author on the study and director of science teaching and learning and senior physics preceptor at Harvard University, as quoted in the Harvard Gazette. “On the other hand, a superstar lecturer can explain things in such a way as to make students feel like they are learning more than they actually are.”
Study results also elucidate student evaluations, which sometimes do not correlate with actual learning in a course.
“Students might give fabulous evaluations to an amazing lecturer based on this feeling of learning, even though their actual learning isn’t optimal. This could help to explain why study after study shows that student evaluations seem to be completely uncorrelated with actual learning,” Deslauriers said.


Hearing loss affects millions of people in the U.S. each year. In fact, it is the third most common health problem for older adults behind only arthritis and heart disease. The good news? Hearing loss is easily treated. If you think you may have hearing loss, a hearing test is the only way to know for sure.
Below are five reasons why you should have your hearing tested today.
Untreated Hearing Loss Is Dangerous
Choosing not to treat your hearing loss puts you at risk of a number of mental and physical problems. Most notably, untreated hearing loss has may increase your risk of developing dementia.
Treating Your Hearing Loss Is Beneficial for Your Health
While untreated hearing loss can be detrimental to your health, choosing to treat your hearing loss with the use of hearing aids can delay the onset of dementia, decrease your likelihood of developing anxiety and even prevent you from falling.
Hearing Tests are Easy
Unlike other medical exams, hearing tests are simple, painless and quick. According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationAmerican Speech-Language-Hearing Association, hearing tests for adults fall into one of five categories:
- Pure-tone testing
- Speech testing
- Tests of the middle ear
- Auditory brainstem response (ABR)
- Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
A Warning Sign of Something Else
Your hearing loss may be a warning sign or red flag for other more serious medical conditions. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes both include hearing loss on their list of symptoms. By putting off getting a hearing test, you put yourself at risk of delaying an important diagnosis.
Establish a Baseline
Even if you are exhibiting few signs of hearing loss, getting a hearing test on file is helpful for the future. Having baseline results recorded gives your audiologist something to compare your test results to later on. This ensures they will be able to make a diagnosis early, getting you treatment quickly.
As they say: better safe than sorry. If your loved ones are pushing you to get your hearing tested, audiologists recommend coming in even if you don’t think you have a problem. If the tests come back that you do have a loss, they can work with you to determine an individualized treatment plan. And if the test results prove everything is fine, you get to tell everyone you love “I told you so.”
Contact the experts at Wilmington Audiology today to schedule your hearing test.


I’m new to Easel and have made a few projects that came out good, but I’m having trouble with my latest one. I want to make a circle with a letter in the middle and attached to the inner rim. The only way I could figure out to do it was to do a screen capture and the paste it into Paint, then erase the overlapping cuts and save it as a JPG. I then took the JPG and opened it in Image Trace. It worked but I wasn’t happy with the results because Image Trace makes all the single lines into double lines and then I have to use a small bit and a Clear Out Pocket cut.
Is there a way to join a letter to a circle and is there a way to have Image Trace make the wide JPG lines come out as a single line? I will try to post a link to the project.
You can do it with two circles and a letter in Easel.
Here is your project with added workpieces showing each step.
- Create two circles; one the diameter you wish the entire piece to be at some depth other than zero and the other the diameter you wish the inside of the piece to be at zero depth
- Combine the two circles to form a ring
- Add the letter wish to use in the font you want
- Resize the letter so that two or more edges are just touching the new ring that was created after combining the two circles
- Combine the ring and the letter
- Set the newly created object to full depth of cut and “Cut outside shape path”
You would end up with something like this.
Does that answer your question?
With respect to Image Trace, it depends on the image being traced as to what the output is. The double-line thing is something that happens quite often when tracing images that are output from certain other programs.
Thanks for the quick answer, I’ll give it a try.
Works perfect. The trick and what I was not doing is to make the inner circle a 0 depth before combining.
You are very much welcome! I am glad to be able to help…


Maghrebi dialect of the Arabic language spoken in Morocco
(Redirected from Moroccan Arabic language)
Moroccan Arabic (Arabic: اللهجة المغربية, Moroccan Arabic: الدارجة المغربية), known as Darija in Morocco, is a form of Arabic spoken in Morocco. It is mutually intelligible to Algerian Arabic. It is spoken as a first language by about 50% to 75% of Morocco's population.
|30.551 million (2014)|
- ↑ "RGPH 2014". Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
- ↑ Yabiladi.com. "Darija, a lingua franca influenced by both Arabic and Berber". en.yabiladi.com. Retrieved 2020-06-04.


Use the following template or our AMA Citation Generator to cite a e-book or pdf. For help with other source types, like books, PDFs, or websites, check out our other guides. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
1. Author Surname Author Initial. Title. City: Publisher; Year Published:Pages Used. Available at: http://Website URL. Accessed October 10, 2013.
1. Petlack H. Accuracy In Chemistry Measurements. 1st ed. Infobase Publishing; 2007:1. Available at: http://www.humbleisd.net/cms/lib2/TX01001414/Centricity/Domain/3889/SEOF4-19.pdf. Accessed October 17, 2014.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
For volume measurements, the burette is a more highly calibrated tool than the graduated cylinder and the beaker. For this reason, a burette will measure volume to more significant figures than the other two instruments. A graduated cylinder is more accurate than a beaker. A beaker does not have enough calibration lines to make it a very useful measurement device 1


Direct current (DC) is the preferred technology for moving large amounts of power across long distances. DC results in overall higher efficiency and reliability than an equivalently-sized alternating current (AC) system moving the same amount of power.
The Advantages of DC
More efficient: Over long distances, DC transmission can move more power with less electrical losses than an equivalent AC transmission line.
Lower Cost: Higher efficiency means a lower transmission cost, helping renewable energy compete against other power sources.
Improved Reliability: HVDC transmission can enhance system stability, allow the operator complete control over power flow, and facilitate the integration of wind from different resource areas.
Smaller Footprint: DC transmission lines require narrower right-of-way footprints, using less land, than equivalent AC lines.
The major advantage of DC power lines is their efficiency—less energy is lost as it is transmitted and there is no need for reactive compensation along the line. Because DC (Direct Current) flows steadily through the wires without changing direction many times each second and through the entire conductor rather than at the surface, DC (Direct Current) transmission lines typically lose less power than AC transmission lines.
How HVDC Works
Historically, the transfer of electricity between regions of the United States has been over high voltage alternating current (AC) transmission lines, which means that both the voltage and the current on these lines move in a wave-like pattern along the lines and are continually changing direction. In North America, this change in direction occurs 60 times per second (defined as 60 hertz [Hz]). The electric power transmitted over AC transmission lines is exactly the same as the power we use every day from AC outlets, but at a much higher voltage.
Unlike an AC transmission line, the voltage and current on a direct current (DC) transmission line are not time varying, meaning they do not change direction as energy is transmitted. DC electricity is the constant, zero-frequency movement of electrons from an area of negative (-) charge to an area of positive (+) charge.
Read full article in the Overhead and Underground T&D Technologies Special Edition 2023


Ulster University and Dublin City University (DCU) are pioneering the development of new technology as part of a €5 million research project that aims to significantly increase survival rates of patients with cardiovascular disease – the world’s leading cause of death and disability.
With treatment for cardiovascular disease costing the EU almost €200 billion annually, the revolutionary PATHway project aims to reduce recovery times and increase survival rates by changing lifestyle focused behaviours and empowering patients to take control of their treatment at home. The world-first technology is being developed by Ulster University and DCU in conjunction with European medical and industry partners. The research is being funded by the European Horizon 2020 programme.
It will enable patients to track, monitor and personalise their recovery, using internet-enabled, sensor-based tracking and analysis. The collaboration is part of a 20 year partnership between both universities which aims to maximise research outcomes across the island of Ireland.
Professor Jim McLaughlin, Director of the Engineering Research Institute at Ulster University and its Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, said: “For cardiovascular disease patients, two of the most important steps towards recovery are feeling in
“Traditional hospital based treatments can be isolating and uptake of current community based rehabilitation and structured exercise programmes is typically very low, leading to poor patient outcomes.
“Ulster University’s collaboration with DCU, which will be led by Dr. Dewar Finlay, refines the unique PATHway platform so patients can be offered an effective, results driven solution that they can tailor to personal circumstances. This internationally leading research will have a major impact on the rate and speed of recovery, saving lives and securing vast cost savings for health service providers globally.”
PATHway will increase awareness of negative lifestyle factors such as diet, alcohol and smoking that can influence recovery and aims to support a change in behaviour. The internet-based interaction will encourage joint exercise programmes with other patients and support positive mental health by helping patients to share experiences online. A personalised avatar will provide virtual encouragement and support towards key recovery goals.
Dr Kieran Moran, Head of Dublin City University’s School of Health and Human Performance said: “This collaboration will allow key partners to fully understand and address the barriers to lifestyle changes and understand what factors prevent patients from adopting healthier lifestyles that could benefit their long term prognosis.”


The Peace Garden ministry is to promote biodiversity among our gardens and create a habitat for all native species. It was created with that mission in mind.
Saint Barnabas Peace Garden: A Native Michigan Plant Garden
Native plants require less fertilizing, watering and spraying, and are a welcome addition to any garden. So why don’t more people plant them?
Most people are unaware of the existence of native plants, but a little research pays off big when planting Michigan native species.
- SAVE WORK USING NATIVE PLANTS
Native plants have many benefits beyond labor saving, although that is one of the most immediate benefits to the gardener. Native plants are uniquely adapted to Michigan soil, climate and water levels; this means they are much more drought / freeze resistant. Their extensive root systems help break up clay, prevent soil erosion and water runoff, filter out pollutants, and rebuild soil. Furthermore, native plants require no fertilizer, winter protection, or additional watering after the first year. Native plants also stay green longer, thus slowing down wildfires.
- REDUCE PESTS AND WEEDS
Choosing native plants reduces the risk of non-native pests and invasive species entering the ecosystem. Native plants are less susceptible to disease and pest attacks, and are much less invasive. Most common weeds are, in fact, non-native.
- SUPPORT NATURAL HABITATS
By planting native Michigan species, we support our unique natural habitats, biodiversity and, in turn, support wildlife that depend on them. For example, a higher quality of food is provided for wildlife by native plants, leading to healthier wildlife. Many native wildlife species require very specific plants to survive, such as the Monarch butterfly, which needs several Milkweed species found in Michigan to live.
Spring has arrived at the peace gardens! We had fun doing some spring clean-up and seeing some of the signs of spring already in progress!


The Minnesota river map offers a comprehensive overview of the several rivers, streams, and lakes flowing across the state.
The Rainy River, Mississippi River, St. Croix River, and Red River are some of the more prominent rivers of the state. However, the Mississippi River, Kettle River, Rum River, St. Croix River, North Fork Crow River, Minnesota River, and Cannon River are known for their natural beauty and have been recognized as the Wild and Scenic Rivers of Minnesota. The rivers of Minnesota are a favorite with tourists, providing ample opportunities for swimming or water sports.
The Mississippi flows across St. Cloud to the Anoka region. The Kettle River, one of the wild and scenic Minnesota rivers, flows through Pine County. The Rum River of Minnesota drains the counties of Isanti, Mille Lacs, Anoka and Sherburne. The North Fork Crow River flows through the County of Meeker. The state’s namesake river, the Minnesota River, flows across Lac Oui Parle Dam to the Franklin area. The stretch from the Faribault area to the Mississippi River is connected by the Cannon River. Notable lakes include the Lower Red Lake, Vermillion Lake, Lake Superior, Lake Pepin and Upper Red Lake.


This book traces the changes in argument alignment that have taken place in Aramaic during its 3000-year documented history. Eastern Aramaic dialects first developed tense-conditioned ergative aligment in the perfect, which later developed into a past perfective. However, while some modern dialects preserve a degree of ergative aligment, it has been eroded by movement towards semantic/Split-S alignment and by the use of separate marking for the patient, and some dialects have lost ergative alignment altogether. These dialects therefore show an entire cycle of alignment change, something which had previously been considered unlikely.
Eleanor Coghill examines evidence from ancient Aramaic texts, recent dialectal documentation, and cross-linguistic parallels to provide an account of the pathways through which this alignment change took place. She argues that what became the ergative construction was originally limited mostly to verbs with an experiencer role, such as 'see' and 'hear', which could encode the experiencer with a dative. While this dative-experiencer scenario shows some formal similarities with other proposed explanations for alignment change, the data analysed in this book show that it is clearly distinct. The book draws important theoretical conclusions on the development of tense-conditioned alignment cross-linguistically, and provides a valuable basis for further research.


World History explores the changes created by the events and people of the past and explains how these changes impacted modern times. The material is organized sequentially, exploring history from 1400 CE to the present day. Starting with the Renaissance and the Reformation, the course will highlight the cultural, economic, political, and social impact of innovation and intellectual thought. Further changes will be uncovered with the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and the rise of imperialism and nationalism. The closing topics emphasize global conflicts and diplomacy, as seen in World War I, World War II, and the Cold War. Upon completion of the course, students have an appreciation for the patterns of historical change and their impact on modern society.
- Causes of World War I
- Key military events of World War I
- Influence of communism and the Bolshevik Revolution
- Recovery of Europe after World War I
- Popular culture of the 1920s
- The Great Depression
- Hitler and Stalin
- Factors leading up to World War II
- Key military events of World War II
- Conclusion of World War II Recovery after World War II
- Characteristics of the Cold War
- Decline of imperialism in Africa
- The spread of nationalism in India and the Middle East
- Japan’s economic success
- Nationalism in Latin America
- Relations between Latin America and the United States
- Analyze how militarism, imperialism, and nationalism caused World War I.
- Explain how the conclusion of World War I set the stage for worldwide depression, the rise of totalitarianism, and the outbreak of World War II.
- Identify how key military events led to technological advancements and the conclusion of World War II. Compare the different ideologies of the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II.
- Explain how postwar global politics led to the rise of nationalist movements in Africa and Southeast Asia.
- Identify and explain the historical relationship between the United States and Latin American countries.


Month in the Patent Office
Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology
Article publication date: 1 April 1953
A propeller 1 in a stationary tubular casing 2 rotates inside a guard ring 3 which is mounted for free rotation inside the casing on bearings 4, the free flow of air between the blade tips and the guard ring being reduced to a minimum by reducing the clearance between tips and rings and shaping the blade ends to conform with the interior of the ring. The flow of air through the casing is regulated by a ring 5 adjustably mounted in front of the casing to form an adjustable slat and controllable gills or flaps 7 at the rear. The inlet is provided with a fixed ‘cone’ 13; annular deflectors 14 ensure a homogeneous distribution of the air flow; the outlet is profiled at 15. The air compressed by the propeller is heated by engine cooling, exhaust gases, and/or burners for the purpose of increasing thrust. The propeller may be driven by an internal combustion engine or a turbine motor. The rotatable guard ring 3 may be replaced by fixed baffle plates.
(1953), "Month in the Patent Office", Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 124-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb032285
MCB UP Ltd
Copyright © 1953, MCB UP Limited


Making a 3-D map of The Land of Israel is a deep project. What takes time is the discussion. So many questions come up, so many connections: neighbors, borders, cities, terrain, history, Torah, politics. We never have enough time in our 30 minute art classes, but we managed to almost finish our personal maps in two meetings.
If you need a collaborative topographic map project, see my Salt Dough Map.
Today’s project was a personal topographic map, made with Model Magic on a Chinet platter. The goal was to explore Israel’s place in the world, topography, and a few cities.
First, the art room was set up with several kinds of maps, a globe, and photographs for reference.
Optional prep: I cut a template of the State of Israel from posterboard. (Yes, I had several choices as to which outline to choose, and I will not go into my decisions here. Suffice to say that we discussed borders in class so that the kids knew that not everyone agrees on where the borders should be.)
The posterboard template lets kids pick it up while they are smooshing the Model Magic around, pulling high ground, hollowing the Dead Sea.
Then, they glued the template to the Chinet platter, crayoned neighboring borders (Mediterranean Sea, Egypt, Jordan, etc.), and watercolored Israel.
Jerusalem was marked with a gold Mogen David (spray-painted Jewish star pasta).
Budget: If Model Magic is not in your budget, salt dough is cheap and the kids can mix it themselves (equal parts flour and salt with “enough” water). They can paint the dough while it is wet or dry.
I do not recommend Crayola Air Dry Clay because it is not formulated to survive and by golly it doesn’t. Creations will crack and eventually crumble from the inside out.


Select a Word: A topic is the first requirement of a definition essay. You should choose an abstract name with deep, philosophical meaning.
- A simple word is a single definition that will give you little content for your essay.
- Nouns that refer to a person, place, or thing are often too simple. Instead, research definition essay topics, concept or emotion.
- It is important that you do not use the word with multiple meanings.
- It should not be the same for everyone. It is subjective because it requires writers to interpret the word from your perspective.
- Be sure to make your analysis different from other analysts.
- Choose to highlight an angle that is not well-known.
- The word should be well-known. An inept analysis of the phrase will result in a lack of depth.
- Find out the meaning of the phrase in the dictionary by reading the dictionary.
- Reading a dictionary will give you an idea of the best way to create a formal and academic definition.
- You can also use the dictionary’s definitions as a guideline for adding your facts.
- You can create an interesting essay by choosing words that have two meanings. Make sure to use relatable stories.
Write a Analysis: Split your word into various parts like suffixes, prefixes, root words, etc.
- Use your own words to describe each part of the name. Analyze each part of the term using techniques like classification and negation.
- This strategy will only work if terms can be broken down into smaller parts.
- This method, for example, does not allow the word ‘love to be broken down.
- You can compare the phrase to other unknown words, which all mean the same thing, but are rarely used by anyone.
- Comparing can make your essay more interesting to your readers.
- Negation can be used to explain the meaning of your term and highlight the difference.
- To explain the origins of the term, the etymology (also called the background history) can be used. It will also tell you from which other word it was derived, what the root language, etc.
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California water use ‘not sustainable’
Satellite imagery has revealed the full extent of the unsustainable water use in California for the first time.
The data released yesterday (December 14) by the North American Space Agency (NASA) paints a bleak picture for the state, which has suffered a drought for the past three years.
The University of California Irvine has looked at the data and found a water use is draining the vast underground pools used to supply farmers, towns and cities across the state.
This is because the underground pools have been ‘aggressively’ agriculturally pumped by famers.
A spokesman for the report says: “The data reveals groundwater in these basins is being pumped for irrigation at rates that are not sustainable if current trends continue.
“This is leading to declining water tables, water shortages, decreasing crop sizes and continued land subsidence.
“The findings have major implications for the US economy as California’s Central Valley is home to one-sixth of all US irrigated land and the state leads the nation in agricultural production and exports.”
© Faversham House Ltd 2023 edie news articles may be copied or forwarded for individual use only. No other reproduction or distribution is permitted without prior written consent.
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…that after the Civil War and through the 1930s, recreational pursuits attained ever-greater importance, until they ranked among the region’s most significant characteristics. Such activities included amenities that served local residents as well as those that attracted enormous crowds of visitors, summer vacationers, and estate owners.
Sharon attracted a substantial vacation community and between 1880 and 1920, wealthy visitors refurbished several older homes or built Colonial Revival-style mansions on the South Green. New residents included diplomat Paul Bonner, editor and architectural critic Montgomery Schuyler, financier C. Stanley Mitchell, and Dr. Charles Tiffany, Episcopal Archdeacon of New York, as well as famed surgeon William Coley and electrical inventor Frank Sprague. At the same time, Romulus Riggs Colgate hired architect J. William Cromwell to design “Filston,” an enormous Italianate palazzo set on nearly 300 acres. Nearby in New York State arose “Hiddenhurst,” a great Georgian mansion, with huge stables accommodating 35 horses.
The very factors inspiring affluent families to create substantial vacation homes also underlay establishment of a thriving resort hotel trade. The large-frame Sharon Inn stood at the south end of the town green across from the clock tower and did a brisk business, attracting the rich and famous; for example, Thomas Edison visited in 1907 with an entourage of 14. The inn remained a popular train and auto destination through the 1920s but was demolished in 1954. Many locals worked in the various hotels and inns throughout Sharon, and numerous residents built small cottages on their properties so that they could rent their homes in the summer to wealthy visitors.
A version of this article first appeared on the Sharon Historical Society Web site.


No one can possibly survive without water. Needless to say, water is essential in a person’s existence. The body is made up of 60% water. Its functions highly depend on the water levels in the system. Create an imbalance in the water and electrolytes level in your body and you’ll be in a whole lot of trouble for sure.
Water provides you with a slew of health and aesthetic benefits. If you’re still not in the know, here’s how water can make you beautiful and feel good.
1. Fresh, clean water can quench your thirst like no other liquid beverage can.
2. Water nourishes and strengthens your body. You body cells get energized with water making them supple and more mobile.
3. Water balances the number of electrolytes you have running through your body. It gives your cells the energy in order to function well.
4. Drinking enough amount of water helps curb your appetite and aids in achieving your weight loss goals.
5. Water helps promote better moods and helps with your brain functions—it keeps it alert and more agile.
6. Water hydrates your muscles and helps it recuperate faster even after a hard workout.
7. Water makes your skin glowing and radiant.
8. Water speeds up your metabolism rates making you lose more fats in the process.
9. Water helps remove toxins off your system
10. Water helps you stay healthy and sexy.
Three Important Rules When Drinking Water
1. When drinking, consume twice as much it takes to totally quench your thirst.
2. Drink water frequently throughout the day to keep yourself from getting dehydrated especially if you sweat a lot.
3. Drink a minimum of 8-10 glasses of water each day. This will ensure that your body functions optimally.
Some facts about Brains and Water
The human brain is composed of 95% water and can consume up to 40% of the total amount of water that you intake on an everyday basis. Blood is composed of 80% water while the lungs are comprised of 90% water. Even a slight drop in the body’s water levels can trigger symptoms of dehydration, short-term memory, and a decline in the ability to concentrate.


List Of Growing Plants In Containers Ideas. It is important to know what kind of soil the perennials you are. Many vegetables grow well in containers.
You are in luck as there are many. The good news is that the plant does not suffer readily from pests and diseases. Grow them from seed or buy plants from a reputable nursery.
It Is Important To Know What Kind Of Soil The Perennials You Are.
To lessen the chances of overfilling a container, you will generally want to follow these plant to. Grow them from seed or buy plants from a reputable nursery. Plants grown in containers tend to dry out more than plants in the garden.
You Are In Luck As There Are Many.
The good news is that the plant does not suffer readily from pests and diseases. If the plants are overcrowded, growth can be stunted both above and below the soil. This is because as the plant grows and the root ball becomes denser it makes it harder for water to penetrate.
Hints To Get Started 1.
Hostas make beautiful architectural plants, and work well in containers, either alone or with other plants. Choose a good quality potting mix and add some. If you are placing your container under full light or sun then select the plant.
Never Dig Up Plants From The Wild.
Fill the rest with your growing medium, then place the container on top of a tray or. Hypoestes phyllostachya is also known as polka dot plants, is a typical houseplant with brightly. Growing plants in glass containers is a pretty straightforward process, as you shall soon see.
The Roots Of Plants Grown In Fabric Containers Do Not Circle But Instead Get “Air Pruned.” When The Root Reaches The Side Of A Fabric Container, The Root Tip Stops Growing And The Root Develops A.
Philodendron could be the best plant to. Whether your container is holding annuals or growing perennials, you’ll have the best results if you follow basic care rules. It is an ideal plant to grow in containers varieties to grow.


The Morning Report
Get the news and information you need to take on the day.
While reporting on my story about the Whole Brain Catalog, I had occasion to catch up with Jacopo Annese, the University of California, San Diego neuroanatomist who runs the Brain Observatory.
He told me that the much anticipated slicing of H.M.’s brain is scheduled to commence on Dec. 2, the first anniversary of the famous amnesiac’s death.
If you recall from my story in December, Annese took possession of H.M.’s brain shortly after his death. H.M., who now can be identified as Henry Molaison, suffered a debilitating loss of short-term memory after undergoing experimental brain surgery in the 1950s. He became the most widely-studied brain patient in history.
Annese’s plan is to slice H.M.’s brain into 3,000 fraction-of-a-millimeter thin sections that can be placed on oversized microscope slides and scanned into a computer. He and his colleagues will then construct the first ever three-dimensional, high-resolution digital map of a complete human brain, and make it available online.
Annese said everything is proceeding according to plan. Several MRI’s have been taken of the famous cerebrum, and Annese and his colleagues have even done some practice runs on other brains in preparation of the big event.
“We’ve done the dress rehearsals to make sure everything is working well,” Annese said.


Supersonic combustion ramjets, or scramjets, are air-breathing engines designed for high-speed flight in the atmosphere.
Scramjets maintain supersonic flow throughout the engine and use a series of oblique shocks to increase the pressure at the combustor inlet. Scramjets are theoretically an optimal propulsion method for air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicles due to their relatively small energy losses, and because they require none of the complex moving parts characteristic of other supersonic propulsion systems. However, there are several significant unsolved engineering challenges associated with controlling supersonic combustion in scramjet combustors.
In the Hanson Research Group, we develop and deploy state-of-the-art laser diagnostics to characterize the supersonic flow field and gas dynamics within scramjet engines [1–2]. We also leverage our expertise to predict and thereby suppress combustion instabilities in these systems, including monitoring for engine unstart .
To learn more, check out some of our publications:
 I.A. Schultz, C.S. Goldenstein, C.L. Strand, J.B. Jeffries, R.K. Hanson, C.P. Goyne, “Hypersonic Scramjet Testing via Diode Laser Absorption in a Reflected Shock Tunnel,” J. Propulsion and Power, Vol 30 (2014) pp. 1586–1594. DOI: 10.2514/1.B35220
 M. Gamba, V.A. Miller, M.G. Mungal, R.K. Hanson, “Combustion Characteristics of an Inlet/Supersonic Combustor Model,” AIAA Aerosp. Sci. Meet. Inc. New Horizons Forum Aerosp. Expo. (2012). DOI: 10.2514/6.2012-612
 G.B. Rieker, J.B. Jeffries, R.K. Hanson, T. Mathur, M.R. Gruber, C.D. Carter, “Diode laser-based detection of combustor instabilities with application to a scramjet engine,” Proc. Comb. Inst., Vol 32 (2009) pp. 831–838. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.114


Supporting people with disability
On this page
Who you will support
Disability support workers work with people with disability-related support needs. A person’s disability may affect their physical, cognitive or social abilities.
Each person will need a different level of support, depending on the barriers they face to participating in daily activities. They will also have different goals they want to achieve.
What makes support for people with disability different
Supporting people with disability is about helping them to achieve their goals, develop their capabilities and build independence, and fully participate in the community.
Support for people with disability is often funded through the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), which has some requirements for workers, such as worker screening and adherence to a Code of Conduct.
The person’s NDIS plan will specify their personal goals and approved supports to achieve these goals. This means the support you provide may be part of a broader network of supports. You may need to work with other service providers to coordinate holistic support for the person.
What support you will provide
Disability support workers assist the person’s with daily activities, and help to build their skills, abilities and confidence.
The support you provide might include:
- domestic assistance, such as house cleaning, shopping, laundry, bill paying or performing errands
- personal care, such as help with dressing, eating, showering, toileting, or moving around the house
- assisting with transport to attend appointments
- helping the person develop skills – for example, making a budget, taking public transport, using assistive technology, or preparing meals
- assisting the person to participate in social outings, recreational activities and community events
- providing companionship, conversation and emotional support.
This page includes information about working with people with disability as a support worker. For information about other types of jobs working with people with disability, including allied health, nursing, advocacy and other specialised roles, see Types of jobs.


Yellow (stripe) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is the most devastating disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the world. A wide range of virulent yellow rust pathotypes is evolving in different regions of the world causing the breakdown of widely utilized sources of resistance in wheat. Hence, the knowledge of virulence factors of pathogen and determining of effective resistance genes in the region will enable breeders to target those useful genes in their breeding programs. During cropping seasons of 2015-2016 and 2016-2017, virulence of the wheat yellow rust was investigated by planting differential cultivars and isogenic lines in a yellow rust trap nursery in Ardabil, northwest of Iran . Results showed stripe rust infections on some cultivars carrying Yr genes such as Yr1, Yr3, and Yrsp previously known to be resistant. The virulence spectrum of race population in Ardabil was identical to the Warrior race or its variants which is different from characterized races in Ardabil by carrying virulence combination for Yr1, Yr3, Yr17, Yr32, and YrSP and is avirulent on Yr8 and Yr27. Except for Yr8, Yr17 and Yr27, the common races in Ardabil are generally avirulent on Yr1, Yr3, and YrSP. This is the first report of race population in Ardabil (Iran) which is similar to the Warrior race or its variants.
First report of virulence to resistance genes Yrsp, Yr1 and Yr3 by wheat yellow rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. triti
Poster or Plenary?: