It’s well known that Americans, on average, don’t get enough sleep. What people don’t think about is that many American children aren’t getting enough either, and it may end up making them overweight.
According to the National Sleep Foundation, about 30-percent of preschoolers do not get enough sleep. A new study from the University of Colorado in Boulder into the implications of that lack of sleep led to concerns about childhood obesity.
For the study, a group of preschoolers, all regular afternoon nappers, were deprived of roughly three hours of sleep on one day. They had no afternoon nap and were kept up for about two hours past their normal bedtime before being awakened at their regularly scheduled times the next morning.
During the day of lost sleep, the 3- and 4-year-olds consumed about 20 percent more calories than usual, 25 percent more sugar and 26 percent more carbohydrates, says Assistant Professor Monique LeBourgeois, lead author of the study. The following day, the kids were allowed to sleep as much as they needed. On this “recovery day,” they returned to normal baseline levels of sugar and carbohydrate consumption, but still consumed 14 percent more calories and 23 percent more fat than normal.
“With this study design, children missed a daytime nap and stayed up late, which mimics one way that children lose sleep in the real world,” said LeBourgeois of the Department of Integrative Physiology. “We found that sleep loss increased the dietary intake of preschoolers on both the day of and the day after restricted sleep. These results may shed light on how sleep loss can increase weight gain and why a number of large studies show that preschoolers who do not get enough sleep are more likely to be obese as a child and later in life.
A paper on the study was published in the Journal of Sleep Research.
Your Brain Makes You Thirsty Before Bed


How to stop the replication of Covid 19?
There are several strategies that can be used to stop the replication of COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These strategies include:
- Physical distancing: Physical distancing measures, such as wearing masks, avoiding large gatherings, and maintaining a distance of at least 6 feet from others, can help reduce the transmission of the virus from person to person.
- Hygiene: Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently with soap and water, covering coughs and sneezes, and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces, can help reduce the spread of the virus.
- Testing and contact tracing: Testing and contact tracing can help identify and isolate individuals who have been infected with the virus, reducing the risk of further transmission.
- Quarantine: Quarantine measures, such as isolating individuals who have been exposed to the virus or who are experiencing symptoms, can help reduce the spread of the virus.
- Vaccination: Vaccination is an effective way to protect against COVID-19 and reduce the spread of the virus. Several vaccines have been developed and are currently being administered to individuals around the world.
It is important to note that these strategies should be implemented in a coordinated and comprehensive manner in order to be effective at reducing the spread of COVID-19. It is also important to follow the guidance of public health authorities and adhere to any local or national measures that have been put in place to control the spread of the virus.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates? – Carbohydrates monomer
What does a animal cell look like?
All episomes are plasmids but all plasmids are not episomes. Justify.
Differentiate between Hfr and F–
What is a suicide enzyme?
Draw the base pair structure of A : T and G : C.
What is the function of telomere?
Distinguish between LINE and SINE
Where does glycolysis take place?
Where does glycolysis occur?


“I ask younger people to never forget us and to understand the tragedy, absurdity and cruelty of the war so that nuclear weapons will be eliminated from the world as soon as possible.”
On the morning of Aug. 6, 1945, 16-year-old Lee watched the blue summer sky turned yellowish orange. He suffered burns on his face and neck that took four months to heal.
When he returned to work, co-workers stayed away, saying he had “A-bomb disease.” He decided not to tell anyone about the atomic bombing.
That would only “double” his suffering when he was trying hard to hide his Korean identity.
His parents talked in Korean and wanted him to learn the language, but he didn’t like going outside with them, fearing people would notice their Korean accent.
So Lee lived under a Japanese name, Masaichi Egawa, until eight years ago when he began speaking out.
“To tell my story, I had to explain why Koreans are in Japan,” he said. “Now I have nothing to hide.”
Keiko Ogura, 84
Remembering the atomic bombing and how she survived is painful, but Keiko Ogura is determined to keep telling her stories as she organizes English guided tours for foreign visitors at Hiroshima's Peace Memorial Park.


The mass media and entertainment industry can be very technology driven, from cutting-edge effects developed with regards to movies to streaming and virtual reality games. Even all those parts of the industry which have been purely analog like live music and theatre are leveraging technology to reach fresh audiences. Technology is likewise playing a big role in how we interact with each other, coming from social media to texting to phone applications and voice-over communications.
Investopedia Explains Marketing Technologies
Whilst old-fashioned publications newspapers and TV ads may still exist, many companies have been forced to change their strategies in the face of new technologies. Those types of companies are referred to as “new advertising. ” www.allappblog.com In the framework of organization, new media channels refers to programs that use technology to connect with their audience. Examples of this type of technology include weblogs, video games and websites.
These types of platforms provide an opportunity for businesses to connect to their customers in a more personal fashion that the verified nature of traditional multimedia precludes. These sheets the chance to produce a strong manufacturer identity and build loyalty between consumers. Additionally , these tools allow for the simple and fast sharing details, allowing for an amount of openness that was previously impossible in the marketing scenery. New media websites can also deliver a great deal of data about the performance of specific promotions, which is vital for developing a powerful strategy. Probably the most useful tools in this regard can be described as Customer Romantic relationship Management system, or perhaps CRM.


The descriptive text, below the map, is from the Cornish Red Data Book (2009). The map on this web page depicts the organisms distribution and shows the records made pre-2000 and those made since.
Range & Status
Native; found on the Isles of Scilly, the Channel Islands, the western coasts of France and in the Mediterranean.
Locally abundant most years on Bryher (SV81) in the Isles of Scilly, with small colonies on Tresco (SV81) and Te\'e4n (SV91), (formerly also St. Martin' s, SV91).
Habitat & Ecology
A tiny annual of coastal sand-dunes and sandy fields, especially on disturbed ground. In 2008 the population on Bryher was decimated by storm damage, but it is hoped it will recover from buried seed.
Vulnerable to storm surges, changes in management and being submerged under dense vegetation.
The main sites are in SSSI.
I.J. Bennallick, S. Board, C.N. French, P.A. Gainey, C. Neil, R. Parslow, A. Spalding and P.E. Tompsett. eds. 2009. Red Data Book for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. 2nd Edition.Croceago Press.
The Cornish Red Data Book Project was led by the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Federation for Biological Recorders (CISFBR). The full text and species accounts (minus the maps) are available on the CISFBR website.


Hepatitis B (HBV) is a viral disease that can be sexually transmitted. In some patients it becomes chronic and can lead to liver scarring, liver failure or cancer. It is much more infectious than HIV and is extremely prevalent, especially in developing countries. There is also a high incidence of co infection with HIV in gay men and in people who inject drugs. It is easy to catch but unfortunately quite hard to treat, so researchers are always looking for new strategies to improve treatments.
Researchers at the University of Hong Kong recently reported on the results of a novel therapy for Hepatitis B. The treatment called ARC-250 uses short interfering RNA (siRNA). These are small pieces of double stranded Ribonucleic Acid ( RNA) that can block expression of messenger RNA. ARC-250 is a new liver specific siRNA therapy that was designed specifically to interfere with the Hepatitis B virus replication cycle as well as its protein production. The researchers had already tested the drug in mice and chimpanzee models where it showed a reduction in the number of viral particles .
One of the problems with Hepatitis B infection is the fact that in some people the disease becomes chronic and this is thought to be due to these viral proteins ( especially Hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen ( HBeAG) and Hepatitis B surface Antigen ( HBsAG) that are implicated in sustaining the infection and also in disease progression. The hope is that by targeting these proteins the immune system might be in a better position to clear the virus.
The current treatments ( Entecavir, tenovofir etc) that we use, can suppress the virus very effectively but they do not always eradicate the virus.
The researchers conducted a phase 2a trial to test the efficacy of a single dose of ARC-250 in reducing levels of HBsAG in HBeAG- negative people taking entecavir long term .The study was randomised and double blinded dose ranging conducted in 24 adults with Hepatitis B. The results showed a significant reduction in HBsAG for up to 43 days following a single injection of ARC-250. This is the first time that such a reduction has been shown to be mediated by RNA interference in Hepatitis B patients. In addition ARC-250 appeared safe and well tolerated with no serious adverse events.
Hopefully further improvements can be made in this exiting field leading to more effective treatments for this killer disease.


Deaths rose from 16.6% to 27.3% during COVID, nearly 1 in 9 additional deaths, in Guatemala’s leading HIV centre in 2020 compared with 2019.
Just published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases – Narda Medina and colleagues charted the provision of HIV care in Guatemala and how the global pandemic has affected diagnosis and treatment. Patient attendances and rapid services were impacted at the country’s diagnostic laboratory hub based in Guatemala City. Both frontline HIV services and laboratory processing were significantly affected by the pandemic. HIV testing decreased almost 54% during COVID, including in pregnant women. This has led to increased mortality from the disease, as people are waiting longer for their diagnosis, thereby presenting more advanced diseases. Diagnostic specimens for tuberculosis, cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis from 12 other centres also decreased in number – down 43.7%.
The authors conclude that it is imperative that the government in Guatemala maintains its essential diagnostic healthcare services for HIV patients and implements new strategies to reduce the overall impact of the pandemic on HIV care.
The programme has been supported by GAFFI (The Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections, https://gaffi.org/ ) for some years and now supported by the Ministry of Health of Guatemala.
GAFFI’s Chief Executive, Professor David Denning, who is a professor of Infectious Diseases at the University of Manchester in England, declared:
“ It is so disappointing to see with such clarity the negative impact COVID-19 has had on HIV patients. We anticipate that many factors contributed including fear among new patients about Covid, so attending hospital when iller, diagnostic delay and great strain on the laboratory staff, and supply chain disruption. Unfortunately, such disruption is common and will have impacted on many other communities and countries.”
You can read the full paper here.
Read this article in Spanish here.


Cyclone SIDR hit the coastal districts of Bangladesh on November 15, 2007 in the evening, when it started crossing the country from northern Bay of Bengal with high tidal surges and strong winds of up to 260 km/hr. This study has been undertaken to assess the severity of the damage caused by SIDR, and identify causes of such cyclonic storms in recent years in order to suggest possible adaptive measures for the coastal people to cope with such situations in the future. The study reveals that both natural and human induced factors are responsible for such devastating catastrophes. The study suggests a number of climate change adaptation andmitigation options that can be taken to reduce the severity of damages caused by cyclones in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. These include: developing an early warning system; constructing adequate cyclone shelters and tree plantations in the remote coastal areas; constructing structured and fortified houses and livestock shelters; livelihood diversification; and building awareness in the community regarding the impacts of changing climatic conditions in the coastal areas of Bangladesh.
|Number of pages||21|
|Journal||Asian journal of environment and disaster management|
|Publication status||Published - 2012|
- Cyclone SIDR
- Climate change adaptation
- Livelihood diversification


In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is clearly responsible for his own death and just as clearly at least partly responsible for Juliet’s death. Let’s look at this assertion in more detail.
First, Romeo has no business getting involved with Juliet in the first place. Their families have long been feuding, and if Romeo had taken a moment to pause and think, perhaps both Romeo and Juliet would have survived. Your first quotations can come, then, from the scenes in which Romeo woos Juliet. Pay close attention to act 2, scene 2 for the famous garden scene.
These two impulsive young people decide that they must marry at once, and indeed they do. This sets them on an even faster downhill course to tragedy, for they cannot tell their parents about their marriage, and Capulet has another husband in mind for his daughter.
Then Romeo kills Tybalt, Juliet’s kinsman. He ends up exiled. With the help of Friar Laurence, Juliet works out a plan to fake her death and then meet Romeo in another city. Romeo, however, doesn’t get the message and thinks that Juliet is really dead. In utmost despair, he goes to the apothecary and buys a strong poison specially designed to “disperse itself through all the veins” so quickly that he will fall dead at once. Romeo has determined to kill himself.
Romeo enters Juliet’s tomb, takes the poison, and calls out, “O true apothecary! Thy drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die.”
Juliet, however, is not really dead, and shortly afterward, she wakes up and catches sight of the dead Romeo, who has acted so quickly that he never had time to learn the truth. Juliet despairs. She kisses Romeo, trying to get enough poison to kill her, too. Then she grabs his “happy dagger,” tells it to rust within her body, and stabs herself. She dies like her beloved, falling across his body, too racked with grief to go on, and all because of Romeo’s impulsiveness.


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Residential address is a common element in patient electronic medical records. Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) specify that residence in a nursing home, skilled nursing facility, or hospice within a year prior to a positive culture date is among the criteria for differentiating healthcare-acquired from community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Residential addresses may be useful for identifying patients residing in healthcare-associated settings, but methods for categorizing residence type based on electronic medical records have not been widely documented.
Wilson, et al. (2010) sought to develop a process to assist in differentiating healthcare-associated from community-associated MRSA infections by analyzing patient addresses to determine if residence reported at the time of positive culture was associated with a healthcare facility or other institutional location. Their research was published in the International Journal of Health Geographics.
The researchers identified 1,232 of the patients (8.24 percent of the sample) with positive cultures as probable cases of healthcare-associated MRSA based on residential addresses contained in electronic medical records. Combining manual review with linking to institutional address databases improved geocoding rates from 11,870 records (79.37 percent) to 12,549 records (83.91 percent). Standardization of patient home address through geocoding increased the number of matches to institutional facilities from 545 (3.64 percent) to 1,379 (9.22 percent).
Wilson, et al. (2010) concluded that linking patient home address data from electronic medical records to institutional residential databases provides useful information for epidemiologic researchers, infection control practitioners, and clinicians. This information, coupled with other clinical and laboratory data, can be used to inform differentiation of healthcare-acquired from community-acquired infections. The process presented should be extensible with little or no added data costs.
Reference: Wilson JS, Shepherd DC, Rosenman MB and Kho AN. Identifying risk factors for healthcare-associated infections from electronic medical record home address data. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010, 9:47doi:10.1186/1476-072X-9-47


Why some acrylic sheets cannot be polished to be transparent
Acrylic sheets are widely used in many applications due to their excellent transparency, durability, and ease of processing. However, some low-quality acrylic sheets cannot be polished to achieve the desired level of transparency. This is because the transparency of acrylic sheets is determined by their molecular structure, which can be affected by the quality of the raw materials and the manufacturing process.
Low-quality acrylic sheets may contain impurities or have inconsistent molecular structures, which can result in uneven distribution of light passing through the material. When such sheets are polished, the unevenness becomes more apparent, resulting in a cloudy or hazy appearance instead of a clear and transparent finish.
To avoid this issue, it is important to choose high-quality acrylic sheets made from pure raw materials and manufactured using advanced processes. Additionally, proper polishing techniques and equipment should be used to minimize any potential damage to the material during the polishing process.
The transparency of acrylic sheets is closely related to their molecular structure, which can be affected by various factors. Choosing high-quality materials and using proper processing techniques can help ensure that acrylic sheets achieve the desired level of transparency.
For more information about acrylic displays, welcome to visit professional Chinese acrylic displays manufacturer website: https://www.sk-display.com


Data sampling is all about taking a small, representative chunk of a bigger dataset to analyze and draw conclusions. This approach helps speed up processing, especially when there's a lot of data to sift through. Google Analytics does use data sampling in certain situations to make generating reports quicker and more efficient.
Imagine you're running a bustling online store, and you want to check out how your site's performance has changed over time. Data sampling comes into play here, with Google Analytics selecting a smaller portion of your data to give you a snapshot of what's been happening, instead of analyzing every single piece of information.
There are some upsides and downsides to using data sampling:
- Speed: Data sampling can help you get insights more quickly by analyzing a smaller portion of data.
- Efficiency: It reduces the load on Google Analytics, making it easier to generate reports, even for large datasets.
- Accuracy: Since it's based on a subset, the results might not be 100% precise compared to analyzing the entire dataset.
- Limited granularity: Some fine details might be missed or overlooked when using data sampling.
So, in a nutshell, data sampling in Google Analytics is a time-saving and efficient way of getting an overview of what's happening with your website's data. However, you should be aware that it's not as precise as analyzing the full dataset, and you might miss out on some finer details. It's like trading a bit of accuracy for speed, which can be handy depending on your needs.


Argumentative essay on College Algebra. Needs to be 2 pages. unction with repeated factors (even multiplicity) is: x2 +6x + 9 with repeated factors (x + 3)2, therefore, it touches the x-axis only at point x= -3 and does not cross the x-axis as shown in the graph below.The turning point of a graph is the point that a graph changes direction form decreasing to increasing or from increasing to decreasing. Turning points can also show the maximum point, minimum point and point of inflection.To determine the number of turning point, the degree of polynomial is lessened by one (n – 1) where n is the degree of polynomial. therefore the turning point of its graph is always less than the degree of the polynomial. For example, a polynomial of degree 4 will have 3 turning points or even less as can be seen in the two graphs
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Assessment on Providing Freedom Walls as Effective Promotional Tool to Avoid Vandalism
Keywords:assessment, freedom walls, promotional tool, vandalism
Vandalism is the malicious act of destroying other properties. People who are responsible for vandalism do not care about the community and do not think wisely before they take an action. The worst thing is when people do it for fun without thinking that it may cause a lasting effect on society. Maintaining the surroundings clean is important; therefore, researchers conducted this study to provide a solution to this problem. This study used a descriptive research design and survey method to gather information from grade 12 Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM)students. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the target respondents. Researchers selected 3 respondents from grade 12 ABM sections 1–14 and 2 respondents from sections 15–18, with a total of 50 respondents. The result of this study revealed that the freedom wall can eliminate vandalism and developed the cleanliness and discipline of the students. Researchers found out that (1) family problem and boredom are a factor that influences people in doing vandalism. Students express their fear, guilt, and hatred through vandalism. (2) Desire of expression and discrimination are also factors why people vandalize. The researchers suggested that students must know the importance of cleanliness and having good discipline when using other properties. Teachers should encourage their students to be aware of the case of vandalism. The school administrators should empower this study to prevent vandalism and for the future researchers that this study will serve as a guide and their reference.


Leaf miner maggots are the larvae of flies which are particularly drawn to leafy greens like beet leaves, spinach and chard.
They burrow into the leaf and eat all of the nutritious chlorophyll, which is vital for the plant to absorb energy from the sun.
And this week they recently made short work of the beetroot leaves in one of my containers. They hit most, but not all of the leaves – so hopefully if monitored the healthy leaves might be able to keep the beets growing as they’re still pretty small.
I had been away for a few days, and hadn’t been keeping that close an eye on the beet leaves (I was preoccupied with keeping my brassicas free from cabbage butterfly larvae (they’ll be along in their droves shortly).
It’s vital to keep a check on leaves that are exposed to these enemies (and those under netting need to be checked regularly too for rogue entrants).
Thankfully the beetroot in the raised bed wasn’t as badly affected, and I quickly dispatched with any larvae clinging to the leaves.
It’ll be important to check these, as well as the leaves on my broccoli, kale and sprouts to ensure the plants are pest free.


1)One of the five elements of emotional intelligence is self-awareness. Explain why emotional intelligence is crucial for effective leadership. Discuss what behaviors someone with a high degree of self-awareness would demonstrate within the context of leading and managing groups. Provide an example..
- Emotional intelligence is crucial for effective leadership because it allows leaders to understand and manage their own emotions and those of their team members. Leaders with a high degree of self-awareness are able to identify their own strengths and weaknesses and understand how their emotions affect their behavior and decision-making. They are also able to empathize with their team members and understand their emotions, which helps them to communicate more effectively and create a positive work environment. For example, a leader with high self-awareness might demonstrate behaviors such as active listening, open communication, and seeking feedback from their team members.
- Strategic planning in a healthcare environment is important to ensure that the organization is able to meet the needs of its patients and remain competitive in a constantly changing industry. Factors that can affect future planning in healthcare include changes in technology, regulations, and demographics. Tools that can be used for future planning include SWOT analysis, scenario planning, and forecasting. These tools help healthcare organizations to identify their strengths and weaknesses, evaluate potential opportunities and threats, and create a roadmap for achieving their long-term goals.
- Topic for Topic 3 Executive Summary assignment: “The Impact of Telemedicine on Healthcare Delivery.” Telemedicine is the use of technology to provide healthcare services remotely, and it has become increasingly popular in recent years due to advances in technology and the COVID-19 pandemic. The executive summary will explore the benefits and challenges of telemedicine and its impact on healthcare delivery. It will also discuss the regulatory and legal issues surrounding telemedicine and its potential for improving access to healthcare services. Peers may consider providing feedback on potential sources for this topic and suggestions for how to structure the executive summary.
- Goleman, D. (1998). What makes a leader? Harvard Business Review, 76(6), 93-102.
- O’Connor, S. J., & Kotzeva, T. (2018). Strategic planning in healthcare organizations. In Advances in healthcare management (pp. 101-117). Emerald Publishing Limited.


Lottery is a game where a person has an opportunity to win a prize. The prize is usually a fixed amount of money. However, the prize may also be a fixed percentage of the total receipts.
Most lotteries are regulated by a local or state government. In some cases, the lottery is run by a licensed charitable organization. There are several different forms of lottery, including raffles and poker runs.
A majority of states in the US operate a lottery. They either donate the revenue to a specific purpose or spend it on public projects. Some states have outlawed lotteries entirely, while others endorse them.
Lotteries have been used for centuries to raise funds for the poor, bridges, libraries, and fortifications. For example, the Continental Congress used a lottery to raise money for the Colonial Army.
In the United States, winnings are not subject to personal income tax. In most countries, however, it is illegal to play a lottery or engage in other forms of gambling.
As early as the 14th century, there were records of public lotteries. These were primarily held at dinner parties. At least one record, dated 9 May 1445 at L’Ecluse, mentions a lottery of 4304 tickets.
By the 17th century, lotteries were common in the Netherlands and the Low Countries. But in France, lotteries were banned for two centuries.
In the early 20th century, most forms of gambling were illegal in most of Europe. Many Americans believed that lotteries were a form of hidden tax.


Ikea: No more plastic straws or single-use plastics by 2020
Ikea is swearing off plastic bags, straws and other single-use plastics.
The Swedish furniture giant said it plans to phase out single-use plastics by 2020, part of a commitment to shift to renewable and recycled materials. The move comes as countries across the globe are introducing levies and bans to combat single-use plastic waste, which can be harmful to marine life.
Ikea said it will introduce more plant-based food choices in its stores, such as the vegetarian hot dog that will be available in August. The company said the pledge to eliminate single-use plastics is part of a larger environmental pledge to become "people and planet positive by 2030," such as by introducing what it says will be affordable home solar products in 29 Ikea markets by 2025.
"To make this a reality, we will design all products from the very beginning to be repurposed, repaired, reused, resold and recycled," said Ikea sustainability manager Lena Pripp-Kovac in a statement.
The European Union has proposed banning plastic products like cotton buds, straws, stirs and balloon sticks when alternatives are easily available in an attempt to reduce litter spoiling beaches and ocean beds. .
Still, the battle against straws has moved in fits and starts in the U.S. McDonald's recently resisted efforts to study the issue in the U.S., saying it's working toward having all its packaging from renewable or recycled sources by 2025. In the meantime, environmentalists estimate Americans use 500 million straws each day.
for more features.


Other considerations for planning and organisation
When setting homework consider what types of activities they could complete within a set time or to a set standard, and consider teaching students how to use a homework planner.
Consider asking families to use a consistent homework routine at home. This may be doing homework in a distraction-free area at a fixed time. They can also check that tasks in the planner are finished and provide encouragement. Access our homework organisation support page.
The time between ending a lesson (for example, putting away a book) and starting a new lesson (for example, listening to teacher instruction, carrying out the task, and waiting for start of lesson) may be challenging for some students.
A student with planning and organisation challenges may benefit from supports when moving across education settings. It may be helpful to teach and practise organisation and homework skills, and time and self-management skills.
For more information about supporting students with disability when transitioning to a primary or high school setting access our transition page.
For students transitioning to primary school access our school story - a school day and for students transitioning to high school access our school story - how to be organised.
Other co-occuring conditions
Students may also have challenges with, emotions, learning and memory, and thinking/cognition, or experience attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disability, intellectual disability or oppositional defiant disorder.
Refer to understanding disability page to help support the student.


Since i was suffering with fever for 5 days I consulted a doctor, have undergone blood test, and got typhoid as positive, but the treatment didn’t work. I was tested for malaria and result was positive. Ii’ve been given chloroquine for three days and primaquine for 28 days. After chloroquine was completed I started using primaquine. During this time I got fever and I got typhoid positive. My question is though iI’ve been treated for typhoid before malaria is conformed why it has come again?
Typhoid and malaria are very different illnesses, caused by different disease organisms. Typhoid is caused by a Salmonella bacterium, whereas malaria is caused by single-celled animals, called protozoa, of the genus Plasmodium.
Typhoid is usually transmitted by eating food or drinking water which has been contaminated by sewage or handled by someone else with typhoid fever. It is usually treated with antibiotics; however, these antibiotics do not prevent re-infection with the disease. The best way to prevent re-infection is through washing food thoroughly in clean (boiled) water and by washing hands regularly, especially after going to the bathroom. There is also a vaccine against typhoid which you can get which will prevent further re-infection. As such, if you think you have typhoid again, you will need to visit your doctor again for more treatment, as it is unrelated to your malaria infection (apart that you might have been weakened by one infection, leaving you more susceptible to a second disease). While at the doctor, you should also have another test for malaria to ensure that the treatment was successful.
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Along the European Atlantic facade, the consumption of flat oysters (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) has been known since the Mesolithic era (Gutiérrez-Zugasti et al. 2011). This observation is also true for French coasts (Dupont 2006). Especially during Antiquity, the exploitation of this species became extensive (Ferdière 1988). With the development of transport facilities, oysters were found at archaeological sites located hundreds of kilometers away from the coast. This is a clear hint of their success that lasted into the Middle Ages. Along the Atlantic coast, large accumulations of oysters are recovered from so-called middens, some of which are well-known because they form conspicuous land-marks. However, the majority of such middens are thought to be hidden under modern villages. In France, archaeological sites where marine shells – in particular oysters – form the majority of consumption refuse, are only rarely excavated. Therefore, the present study about Beauvoir-sur-Mer (Vendée) is rather novel. The site can be characterized as an enormous shell midden 1700 × 25 m in size and 1-2 m thick. It is dated to between the 7th and 14th centuries AD. Near to the site, a castle was constructed during the 13th century AD. The formation of the shell midden began before, and continued during the castle occupation. For the current analysis, a sample of 5673 shell remains was studied. The analysis presented here, mainly focusses on how the oysters were exploited on the coast, in what type of environment, how they were selected etc. Biometrical analyses linked to the observation of traces produced from the opening of the bivalves, showed in particular that bigger oysters were opened on-site and their flesh was extracted immediately. This way of handling oysters was known from the Middle Ages. However, actual archaeological research at Le Langon shows that this could well have been practiced ever since Antiquity. The associated fauna identified at Beauvoir-sur-Mer informs us about the range where the oysters have been exploited and the kind of biotope in which they were gathered. The results gained for this site are compared to accumulations of oysters from other historic sites in the region.
Ostrea edulis, flat oyster, Middle Ages, specialization, palaeoenvironment


The star cluster known as the Pleiades, or the Seven Sisters — number 45 on Charles Messier’s list of non-cometary objects — has been a popular target for astrophotographers for many years. About 2,500 years ago, the Pleiades was considered a separate constellation. Today, it lies within the boundaries of Taurus the Bull.
Milton Gosney imaged M45 from Lucas, Texas on September 29, 2003.
Equipment used: Canon EOS 10D digital camera, 28mm lens for a 10-second exposure.
Michael Hanson imaged the Pleiades on October 6, 2003.
Equipment used: Takahashi FSQ-106 at f/5, piggybacked on a 12-inch Meade LX200, Canon 10D digital camera, for a composite of ten 3-minute exposures.
Equipment used: 8-inch Schmidt Camera at f/1.5, for a 9-minute exposure.
Equipment used: 6-inch Meade 152 ED refractor at f/9, for a combination of two 60-minute exposures.
Jean-Denis Douvier imaged the Pleiades from Doughton Park in North Carolina.
Equipment used: 8-inch Orion Sky View Pro telescope at f/4, Canon Rebel digital camera, guided by hand with a second guiding scope for a 7 stacked images.
Equipment used: 8-inch Schmidt Camera at f/1.5, for four 5-minute exposures.
Members of the Big Sky Astronomical Society from Alberta, Canada, were able to image M45 using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). The group won the opportunity to use the wide-field telescope in a contest sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada’s Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics.


Learn Spanish – a Romance language
If you want to learn Spanish you have come to the right place. Not only is Spanish relatively easy to pick up and start speaking, understanding it gives you a huge head-start to understanding other Romance languages like French, Italian and Portuguese. With approximately 470 million speakers, a significant number of people speak Spanish as a foreign language. Spanish is spoken in Spain and 22 other countries. No wonder it is the second most spoken language in the world.
Our app is packed with carefully translated list of the most frequently used phrases to make sure that you learn in the most effective way possible. A few other features included are:
- High quality text as well as audio translation by a native speaker in a crisp and clear voice will help with your pronunciation and intonation
- Flash Cards let you help an intensive language training on the go
- Tag your favourite phrases for quick reference and refresh your knowledge on the go
- Powerful search that allows users to search within a vocab category as well as across all vocabulary categories
- Spanish ABC will help your learn the basic of the Spanish alphabet
- A fun quiz that is an effective language learning aid
- Play phrases continuously without having to click each phrase individually
Where to start?
Ideally, you should be studying for 20-30 minutes every single day. So what if you’re out and about and you don’t have your favorite language book or online course? Chances are, you’ll have your phone with you, so a mobile app will be your new best friend.
Learn Spanish Quickly, download our easy to use app on your mobile device and you are ready to start your journey.
Learn grammar intuitively as you go and while you are at it, don’t forget to spread the word.


Ecuador’s version of volleyball has become a social phenomenon
Ecuavoley, a variant of volleyball that is believed to have originated in Ecuador at the beginning of the 19th century, is a veritable social institution in the Andean nation.
With its roots in the indigenous past, ecuavoley is a focus of community life, with wagering on the outcome, and contests are often accompanied by other events such as musical performances.
Ecuavoley differs from international volleyball in the number of players per team - three instead of six - and the net is higher, while hitting the ball with the palm of the hand is allowed.
Typically, roughly $300 worth of bets will be placed on a match.
“In ecuavoley, the losses are not so big,” Bolívar Espinosa, treasurer of the Quito ecuavoley club, told EFE. “Maybe you lose today, but tomorrow you win, and that’s how money keeps circulating.”
Some 2,000 people gather each weekend at the club’s facilities in La Carolina Park to either play or watch matches, weather permitting.
Enjoyed by men and women of all ages and backgrounds, ecuavoley has emerged as a mechanism of social and cultural integration in neighborhoods across the country.
At the same time, ecuavoley remains a recreational sport, so there are no official competitions or academies beyond the activities of neighborhood or school sports associations.


ECU Inputs: ECU Self-Test Mode Selector
It turns out that the ECU can test itself. That is not mentioned anywhere that I can find. The tests are pretty rudimentary though, and that might be why.
The PH7 signal is an input that puts the ECU into self-test mode. There is no input circuitry for this pin. It is just a test point on the circuit board used during manufacturing test. The ECU test fixture will simply drive this pin low to put the ECU into self-test mode.
Once in self-test mode, the CPU performs an EPROM checksum. This makes sure that the EPROM data is exactly what is supposed to be in present. If this is the case, the processor will drive Port H1 to '1'. If the test fails, PH1 will be driven to '0'.
When the EPROM test is completed, the processor checks its RAM memory by writing it with two different patterns, then verifying that the RAM contains the appropriate patterns. It is not a very thorough method of testing RAM, but it will find gross failures. If the RAM test passes, PH3 is driven to a '1'. RAM failures drive PH3 to '0'.
These RAM and EPROM tests are only performed in self-test mode. You may find it interesting that under normal operation, the ECU does not bother to check its memory. Skipping these tests would allow the ECU to boot up (i.e. start operating) much faster, so it probably makes sense. But the more important consideration would be this: what would you want the ECU to do if it actually did find a RAM failure? Should it flash the EFI light & refuse to run leaving you stranded at the side of the road somewhere? That would suck, especially if it was a RAM bit that was not even used by the program, or if it was only used during some really weird operational state. It is in your best interest of getting home again if the ECU just crosses its fingers and assumes that things are good.


Understanding Voltage Response Of An LC Circuit
For an undamped LC circuit excited by an AC voltage source through simple phaser equations, we come to see that the circuit becomes short circuited at the resonant frequency. However if we analyze the voltage gain across the capacitor we also see that the gain becomes infinite at the resonant frequency. I have doubts.
On one end we are saying that the voltage gain is infinite and also saying that the circuit is short circuited. Can we prove that the voltage on the capacitor accumulates to infinite voltage over a period of time? (Because it just seems unlikely that the voltage built up across the capacitor will suddenly be infinite within the first ac cycle of the supply voltage being turned on. I am assuming that the source is a sine voltage and at t=0,the voltage is also.
A simple LC circuit is shown in Fig. 1. The circuit is underdamped and the Q is controlled by R1, which can be in series with L1, in series with C2 or proportioned between the two. For simplicity, the circuit is normalized to a 1 Hz resonant frequency and a characteristic impedance of 1 ohm, defined by the equal values of L1 and C1.
At resonance, the input resistance is 1/R1, so the Q is 3 as shown. At resonance the impedance of the capacitor is 1 ohm. Therefore, placing a 1 V peak sine wave at the resonant frequency results in 3 Apk and the voltage across the capacitor is 3 V pk. At a Q of 10 the resistance is 0.1 ohm and a 1 Vpk sine wave at the resonant frequency results in 3 A peak and the voltage across the capacitor is 3 V peak. Increasing the Q further to 50, the resistor is 20 milliohm and the current for a 1 V peak sine wave is 50 A peak resulting in 50 V across the capacitor. If the Q is infinite then the resistance is 0 and the current is infinite. The voltage across the capacitor is then infinity times the characteristic impedance (1 ohm) or infinity.
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Fashion and the Circular Economy
Circular fashion, collective consciousness
In 1964, in the framework of the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), it was revealed that the fashion industry was the second most polluting in the world by the amount of water used in clothing, by tons of waste generated and by the volume of carbon emission, among other factors1.
The emergence of so-called fast fashion in which brands launch new collections at low costs encourages consumption and early disposal of the garment just because it is not in fashion1.
The alarm signal fired by UNCTAD was an awareness for production and consumption trying to reduce the negative effects in the social, economic and environmental spheres.
Thinking about the fashion industry within a circular economy circuit implies innovating, it is using the finite resources of our planet in a sustainable and responsible way. It means designing to reuse and reduced the negative impacts of the linear economy, it is to extend the use of materials as long as possible2.
Learn more about circular economy in the fashion industry from Marina Chahboune, an expert in sustainability. His conference was given in 2019 in Argentina and Brazil within the framework of the Silk Project with the financial support of the European Union through the Programa ADELANTE.
In this collection of fascicles on circular economy, it allows to discover the new paradigm of the textile industry from a circular economy perspective where production and consumption are responsible, providing tools for its implementation and inspiring with some stories.
Sustainability and silk
The engineer Patricia Marino, coordinator of the Silk Project, talks about the importance of sustainability in the manufacturing industry and provides data on silk production and its relationship with the environment.
1 Fuente: https://news.un.org/es/story/2019/04/1454161
2 Fuente: https://www.fashionrevolution.org/)


Parallel Strong'sHolman Christian Standard BibleYou came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire into the heavens and enveloped in a dense, black cloud.
New American Standard Bible"You came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the [very] heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud and thick gloom.
King James BibleAnd ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the midst of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.
Parallel VersesInternational Standard Version
"When you approached and stood at the foot of the mountain—a mountain that was blazing with fire at its core while the sky was covered with thick, dark clouds—
American Standard Version
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.
Young's Literal Translation
and ye draw near and stand under the mountain, and the mountain is burning with fire unto the heart of the heavens -- darkness, cloud, yea, thick darkness:
• Deuteronomy 4:11 NIV
• Deuteronomy 4:11 NLT
• Deuteronomy 4:11 ESV
• Deuteronomy 4:11 NASB
• Deuteronomy 4:11 KJV
• Deuteronomy 4:11 Commentaries
• Deuteronomy 4:11 Bible Apps
• Deuteronomy 4:11 Biblia Paralela
• Deuteronomy 4:11 Chinese Bible
• Deuteronomy 4:11 French Bible
• Deuteronomy 4:11 German Bible


Sorbet is a refreshing frozen dessert made mainly from fruit puree, sugar and water. Unlike traditional ice cream, which contains milk, cream and/or eggs, sorbet is usually dairy-free, making it a popular alternative for people with lactose intolerance or vegans.
The preparation of sorbet begins with mixing fruit puree or fruit juice, sugar and often a small amount of stabilizers or acidifiers to optimize texture and flavor. The fruit puree can be made from a variety of fruits, such as berries, citrus or tropical fruits, allowing for a wide range of flavors.
The amount of sugar varies depending on the recipe and personal preference, but it is important for the consistency of the sorbet. Sugar helps prevent the formation of large ice crystals by lowering the freezing point of the mixture and providing a smoother texture. To turn the mixture into a sorbet, it is stirred in an ice cream maker or freezer while it freezes. This process allows the formation of small ice crystals and prevents the sorbet from becoming hard and impenetrable.
Sorbets are known for their intense fruit flavors and refreshing, slightly melting consistency. They are often served as desserts, snacks or as a refreshing accompaniment to savory dishes.


The first CRISPR developed foods could begin to show up in grocery stores within the next 10 years. Gene-editing startup Pairwise has an ambitious goal of being one of the first companies to offer produce that has been developed using CRISPR technology. The company also recently attracted the attention of Monsanto for the development of corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton and canola crops.
The traditional genetic modification has involved the lengthy process of altering DNA in order to produce beneficial traits in produce. Foods developed through genetic modification, and known as GMOs, have attracted quite a bit of negative attention from the public. The CRISPR technology is a different type of approach aimed at achieving similar goals of traditional genetic modification techniques.
The gene-editing tool known as CRISPR allows scientists to quickly and accurately target areas inside the genome of crops and manipulate the DNA. This process will result in the production of crops that have better flavor, last longer on store shelves and have increased tolerance to drought conditions.
CRISPR technology is already being used in research to make crops more capable of handling heat and drought, as well as making them more resistant to pests and disease. There are genetically edited soybeans being grown that produce oil that can withstand high cooking heat without producing any trans fats. There are also low-gluten and high-fiber wheat varieties available, as well as modified flax varieties that increase the omega-3 content.
On March 28, the US Department of Agriculture declared that certain plants that employ gene editing methods can be designed, cultivated, and sold without regulation. If a genetic alteration can potentially be bred in a plant, it will not be regulated. However, the use of genes from other species will still fall under current regulations for traditional genetic modification. “With this approach, USDA seeks to allow innovation when there is no risk present,” US Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue said in a statement.
Pairwise aims to get some of the first CRISPR developed fruits and vegetables on shelves within five to 10 years. The competition at DuPont hopes to release the first product made using ingredients from CRISPR corn within the next four years. The CRISPR technology will also reduce time and costs required to develop designer plants, which would allow smaller startups and public institutions to enter the market.


It should be no surprise that school buildings and land are the anchors of their communities.
A community’s children spend hours each day in classes, and then many of them spend hours more at band or sports practice, homework clubs, in-school child care, preparing for science fairs, or drama rehearsals. School yards are where many kids first learn to ride bikes, where they meet their friends for weekend games of tag, or four-square, or soccer. On weekends and evenings, baseball leagues hold their games on school playing fields, choirs practice in classrooms, and the gym is used for everything from square dancing to political town halls.
In most cities and towns, school boards are the largest land-holders, and often school properties are the most valuable publicly-held asset. The value of these assets tempt governments to sell the land in order to reduce the current tax burden. This is particularly in dense urban areas where there is considerable pressure from developers who find it difficult to assemble a site of any meaningful size.
In these cases, there is a constant conflict between selling school lands for immediate financial benefit and preserving irreplaceable property for long-term needs.
How school buildings and land are used, how they are built and maintained, and whether they are preserved or sold are central issues in the learning experience of children and the livability of communities.
This section continues to be under construction.
When this section is complete, it will deal with issues of:
School Repair & Maintenance
Community Use of Schools
New Schools & School Closures


In order to educate children about the role they play in reducing food waste and to help them discover vegetables, the Regional Union of Permanent Initiative Centers for the Environment in the Loire Valley (URCPIE) is offering classes for children to take part in the “if you enjoy the picnic, you’re part of the picnic clean up!” operation.
The goal is to give children the tools they need to change their food behavior from a concrete action to reducing waste and to reflecting on a balanced diet.
During picnics brought in by the children, vegetables are rare, if not entirely absent. Furthermore, food waste and the amount of trash created are significant. In 2017, the Permanent Initiative Centers for the Environment and the Regional Union helped 12 groups of children enjoy some more responsible picnics. Besides teaching in class, the activity time at picnics were used to work on the following objectives:
- Teaching the children about the diversity of vegetables and their importance in our diet.
- Making the children aware of the challenges in reducing food waste and creating so much trash.
- Supporting a societal change in behavior through food education with the children, but also with their parents, who prepared the picnics, helping them to work on food habits in the family and developing the parent-child link.
This work of the URCPIE has allowed the children to grab hold of the challenges and increase their parent’s awareness of food education, as its normally the parents preparing food for their children’s picnics. The parent-child link and sharing this knowledge are both important elements of this project.
Here are just a few suggestions from the children on how to enjoy a balanced and responsible picnic:
“Put everything in a container, take the right amount that you’ll be able to eat, take the food that you like in your sandwich, as well as fruits and vegetables, use a flask instead of a plastic bottle, share with your friends when you’re full or you don’t want any more, choose foods that won’t melt or be crushed, give what’s left to the chickens or pigs, use cloth napkins and reusable cups”.
This project was supported by the Louis Bonduelle Foundation during its summer 2016 call for proposals.


Many developers are now using HTML5 to build apps. It is easy to develop for and it works across a number of different platforms, with minimal or no code change. You can code in something as simple as Notepad, and instantly see it come to life in the browser on your desktop, phone, or tablet.
Today we are releasing three new HTML5 resources to help developers learn from our experience and the experience of other industry leaders building HTML5 apps:
What HTML5 Really Means
Today almost every device, including phones, tablets, computers, and even TVs has a browser. Developers relying on HTML5 benefit from working with a single codebase that can run on all of these devices, so they build once and deploy everywhere within a minimal amount of changes for each device. Many developers, including Facebook, are using HTML5 in their mobile products, as it makes reaching users across many different devices simpler.
A practical example of this is the web app Words with Friends. Users can play this game just about anywhere. Zynga built it once using a single HTML5 codebase, allowing users to play it on their mobile phones, tablets, and desktop browsers. Check it out at http://m.zyn.ga/WWF.
Compatibility across platforms is only one part of the story. Getting your web app into the hands of users is the other.
Web apps can take advantage of existing social channels, including over 800 million Facebook users on desktop. Additionally, as of last week, mobile developers can reach over 350 million Facebook users on mobile.
The web already allows developers to create great apps and things are advancing rapidly. We hope these new HTML5 resources help accelerate the rate of innovation and improve the user experience of web apps.


What Does Web Client Mean?
The Web client is a client-side component within the Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE), a distributed multi-tiered application model used for building and developing enterprise applications. Client-side components are typically computer applications running on a user’s computer and connect to a server. These components perform client-side operations as they might need access to information available only on the client side, like user input, or because the server lacks the processing power necessary in such operations.
J2EE is comprised of a client-tier, Web-tier, business-tier, and enterprise information system (EIS)-tier. Components that run on the client side of a machine are client-tier components.
Techopedia Explains Web Client
A client-tier component may be an application or Web client. A Web client contains two parts: dynamic Web pages and the Web browser. Dynamic Web pages are produced by components that run in the Web tier, and a Web browser delivers Web pages received from the server.
A Web client is also known as a thin client because it does not execute heavy-duty operations such as querying databases, performing complex business tasks, or connecting to legacy applications. Heavy-duty operations are performed by the J2EE server, which is secure, fast, and reliable.


An implantable hearing aid aims to overcome the drawbacks of traditional hearing aids–they’re inconvenient, they’re unsightly, and they’re not supposed to get wet. The device, being developed by Otologics of Boulder, CO, uses a microphone implanted underneath the skin to pick up sound.
The signal from the microphone is processed and sent to a vibrating piston implanted against small bones of the middle ear, which transmit the vibrations to the inner ear. The user recharges the device’s battery by placing a small radio transmitter against his or her head. In an early clinical trial, subjects using the device did not hear quite as well as they did with traditional hearing aids. The question is whether patients will see reduced performance–as well as the higher cost and surgical risk–as a tolerable price to pay for convenience and cosmetic benefits.
Geoffrey Hinton tells us why he’s now scared of the tech he helped build
“I have suddenly switched my views on whether these things are going to be more intelligent than us.”
ChatGPT is going to change education, not destroy it
The narrative around cheating students doesn’t tell the whole story. Meet the teachers who think generative AI could actually make learning better.
Meet the people who use Notion to plan their whole lives
The workplace tool’s appeal extends far beyond organizing work projects. Many users find it’s just as useful for managing their free time.
Learning to code isn’t enough
Historically, learn-to-code efforts have provided opportunities for the few, but new efforts are aiming to be inclusive.
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Anyone living an active lifestyle knows how valuable antiseptic ointment and bandaids can be.
Young families concur: cuts and scrapes are an inevitable part of life, and infection is a real threat.
While Polysporin and Neosporin might be convenient, they aren’t your safest options.
The Problem with Antibacterial Ointment
Antibacterial ointment is marketed as an essential tool for families and childcare workers. These products include Betadine, Dettol, Comvita, Hygex, Bepanthen and Medicreme.
But these products aren’t all roses. In fact, Emerging Infectious Diseases suggests that these ointments may be one of the factors behind the spread of a deadly MRSA strain, called USA300, around the world (1).
The World Health Organization explains: “Antimicrobial resistance happens when microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites) change when they are exposed to antimicrobial drugs (such as antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, antimalarials, and anthelmintics). Microorganisms that develop antimicrobial resistance are sometimes referred to as ‘superbugs’… As a result, the medicines become ineffective and infections persist in the body, increasing the risk of spread to others.”(2)
Most people believe that antimicrobial resistance affects people on an individual basis, making their bodies more prone to infection, but this simply isn’t true. In reality, antimicrobial resistance affects the bacteria themselves, causing them to become more resistant. This makes everyone on earth more vulnerable to these deadly infections, to which modern medicine is ineffective.
In addition, some people experience allergic reactions to the creams and ointments, which also contain petroleum products and other questionable ingredients (3).
Turmeric for Skin
Turmeric is best known as the colorful spice in curry. It’s also closely related to ginger, another medicinal root.
You can also use turmeric to treat minor wounds thanks to its antiseptic properties.
Curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, treats chronic pain, inflammatory dermatoses, skin infections, acne, and dyspigmentation. In the case of wounds, the spice helps reduce muscle soreness after injury. It also speeds up wound closure, to reduce your risk of a serious infection (4).


The Evaluation Self-Evaluation
Take ten minutes and fill out the evaluation sheet for your essay. Think objectively about your essay. Assign a number from 0-3 for each of the criteria and fill out the comment section. Be concise since you do not have a lot of room. You can give yourself a grade or leave it up to me.
If I agree with your evaluation, you will earn extra credit points, a bump in your score.
As a class, we are going to clearly define the types of causal relationships:
- reciprocal causes
- contributing factors
Causality: the relationship of cause and effect
Once you understand these concepts, the charts you create to map cause and effect can become more complex.
You should identify the types of causal relationships on your charts (you might use different types of arrows, different colors, or simply labels to show what kind of cause is being mapped).
- Necessary Cause: any factor that must be in place for something to occur.
- Sufficient Cause: is a condition that always produces the effect in question.
- Precipitating Cause: the proverbial straw that breaks a camel’s back.
- Proximate Cause: nearby and often easy to spot.
- Remote Cause: may act at some distance from an event but be closely tied to it.
- Reciprocal Cause: you have a reciprocal situation when a cause leads to an effect that, in turn, strengthens the cause.
- Contributing Factors: add to the causes to bring about the effect.
Why is society so fascinated with serial killers?
Ed Gein Documentary
Why did Ed Gein commit those murders?
Charting Cause and Effect
Let us chart the causes and effects of a monster.
- Don’t jump to conclusions
- Appreciate your limits. We don’t know why so we have to follow the evidence from effect to cause.
- Offer sufficient evidence for claims


The transport sector is especially vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. Transport workers including long distance truck drivers, seafarers, airline crews and infrastructure construction workers spend long periods of time away from home, often endure harsh working conditions, and may engage in unsafe behavior that can lead to infection. Their mobility makes it difficult to access health information and treatment, or to maintain drug regimen. Transport hubs and construction sites are often considered hot spots due to the influx and interaction that take place among the mobile workers. Furthermore, the sector works as a vector for HIV spread as the opening of new roads connects low and high prevalence areas. The World Bank transport group has been proactively mainstreaming HIV response by assisting client governments to design and implement sector-level interventions. Programs are most developed in the highest prevalence areas, initially in Sub-Sahara Africa and now also in Asia. Support to the sector includes organizing training events to increase staff awareness and knowledge, providing access to research materials, and securing funds to develop or scale up intervention programs. To institutionalize the response, explicit provisions for HIV prevention have been embedded in the standard bidding document. The group also collaborates with local workers organizations with the help of International Transport Workers Federation and the International Labor Organization. Some lessons learned are (i) strategies must be crafted to meet the specific needs of the country in accordance with the local culture and unique epidemic situations; (ii) coordination with the health sector and the national AIDS authority is necessary for effective program design; and (iii) involving stakeholders from local communities is key to program success.
The World Bank Group
The World Bank


LONDON (REUTERS) - Archaeologists have discovered a mysterious coffin-within-a-coffin from the same Leicester car park where England's King Richard III was famously buried for 500 years.
Experts returned to the site of the former Grey Friars Church at the beginning of July to learn more about the area, only to find a full intact stone casket with a lead coffin inside.
The same team of university archaeologists had previously discovered English King Richard III's skeleton in the remains of the friary church, now located under Leicester City Council's social services department.
"For me, it was as exciting as finding Richard III. We still don't know who is inside - so there is still a question mark over it," Mr Mathew Morris, the site director of the University of Leicester Archaeological Services, was quoted as saying in the announcement of the find on the university's website.
"None of us in the team have ever seen a lead coffin within a stone coffin before. We will now need to work out how to open it safely, as we don't want to damage the contents when we are opening the lid."
It took eight people to lift the stone lid from the outer coffin, which is more than 2m long, 60cm wide at one end and 30cm wide at the other, the university said.
Laboratory tests will be carried out on the lead coffin, which was found inside the stone casket, before it can be opened but archaeologists suspect it may be one of the friary's founders or a medieval monk.
The grave could belong to one of three prestigious figures known to be buried at the friary, Peter Swynsfeld, who died in 1272; William of Nottingham, who died in 1330 - who both headed of the Grey Friars order in England - or Sir William de Moton of Peckleton, who died between 1356 and 1362.


Capital Health Care NetworkUnderstanding the Signs & Symptoms
of Senior Dehydration
Seniors and the elderly are more susceptible to dehydration than their younger selves for a variety of reasons. Aging brings a reduction in our body’s ability to conserve water and also a diminished thirst mechanism. Medical conditions and certain medications can negatively affect the ability to retain water. Seniors who are incontinent often refuse or limit fluid intake in an attempt to help avoid accidents.
It is important to recognize and understand the signs and symptoms of senior dehydration. Early or initial signs may include dry mouth, headache, dry skin, decreased urination, constipation, muscle cramps, fatigue, sleepiness or lethargy. Signs and symptoms of severe stages of dehydration may include but are not limited to the following:
• Confusion, irritability, anger
• Lack of sweating
• Sunken eyes
• Low blood pressure
• Rapid breathing and/or heartbeat
• Dark urination / little or no urination
• Dry skin that stays folded when pinched
• Weak pulse
• Cold hands & feet
Severe dehydration that goes unchecked can have serious consequences including coma or even death. According to the Mayo Clinic, other serious complications include:
• Heat injury ranging in severity from mild heat cramps to heat exhaustion or potentially life-threatening heatstroke.
• Urinary and kidney problems including urinary tract infections, kidney stones and even kidney failure.
• Seizures are when normal electrical messages become mixed leading to involuntary muscle contractions and sometimes to a loss of consciousness.
• Low blood volume shock (hypoglycemic shock) which is one of the most serious, and sometimes life-threatening, complications of dehydration.


Interswitching is an operation performed by railway companies (carriers) where one carrier performs the pickup of cars from a customer (shipper) and hands off these cars to another carrier that performs the “line haul” (the majority of the linear distance of the overall railway movement). The interswitching arrangement is made in cases where a shipper has immediate access to a single carrier, but is within a defined distance (zone) to one or more of the competing carriers.
Regulated in Canada since 1904, interswitching is a commercial agreement between railway companies whereby one railway company will carry traffic for the other railway company to ensure that captive shippers (i.e. shippers with only one choice of railway) have fair and reasonable access to the rail system at a regulated rate. Railway companies are fully responsible for reimbursing each other on a yearly basis.
Interswitching allows shippers to negotiate, through normal commercial processes, suitable terms and conditions of carriage with competing carriers for the line haul portion of the overall car movement.
The Railway Interswitching Regulations set the rates to be charged for interswitching services provided by the terminal carrier, thereby establishing a predictable and fair pricing regime that is applied equally to all terminal carriers providing interswitching services.
Undersection 128 of the Act, the Agency may:
- make regulations prescribing terms and conditions for the interswitching of traffic;
- determine the rate per car to be charged for performing this operation: and
- establish distance zones for that purpose.
The interswitching provisions of the Act are considered to be competitive access provisions, allowing the shipper to choose their carrier despite having physical access to only one carrier.
As part of the every five-year review of the rates, the Agency undertook broad consultations in both 2007 and 2010. The aim of the consultations was to obtain input from stakeholders, including shippers, railway companies, industry experts, representatives of provincial governments, before drafting amendments to the Regulations.
- Date modified:


At first glance, brainstorming seems like ice, in that you really don’t need an instruction manual to make it.
But that is clearly not the case, as Chauncey Wilson writes in Brainstorming and Beyond: A User-Centered Design Method.
The book shows that brainstorming can be most successful and productive when the facilitator knows the proper techniques for getting the most out of the participant’s brains.
Wilson shows how brainstorming is more than just getting people in a room with a large supply of Post-It notes and markets. He writes that brainstorming is often portrayed as simple with only a few rules. But as you read through the book, he details that brainstorming is a complex social process requiring knowledge of social psychology, motivation and corporate culture.
Wilson defines brainstorming as an individual or group method for generating idea, increasing creative efficacy or finding solutions to problems.
The goal of a brainstorming session is to generate ideas. The book details how to extract those ideas from participants in brainstorming sessions. The book also details two other similar concepts: brainwriting and braindrawing.
Brainwriting is a variation on brainstorming in which each person writes ideas down on paper and then passes the paper to a new person who reads the first set of ideas and adds new ones.
Braindrawing is a more visual method of brainstorming that helps generate ideas where the function is more illustrative than conceptual.
At 75 pages, Brainstorming and Beyond: A User-Centered Design Method is a quick read, and of value to anyone who plans on using brainstorming to the most effective level possible.


To convert yards to kilometers (yd to km), you may use the yards to km converter above.
Below, you will find information on how to convert yards to kilometers, including the formulas and example conversions.
How to convert yards to kilometers?
1 Yard is equal to 0.0009144 kilometer. To convert yards to kilometers, multiply the yard value by 0.0009144 or divide by 1093.6132983.
For example, to convert 1000 yards to km, multiply 1000 by 0.0009144, that makes 0.9144 km in 1000 yards.
yards to kilometers formula
kilometer = yard * 0.0009144
kilometer = yard / 1093.6132983
How to convert kilometers to yards?
1 Kilometer (km) is equal to 1093.6132983 yards. To convert kilometers to yards, multiply the kilometer value by 1093.6132983.
For example, to convert 5 km to yards, multiply 5 by 1093.6132983, that makes 5468.0665 yards in 5 km.
kilometers to yards formula
yard = kilometer * 1093.6132983
What is a Yard?
Yard is an imperial and United States Customary length unit. 1 yd = 0.0009144 km. The symbol is "yd".
What is a Kilometer?
Kilometer (kilometre) is a metric length unit. 1 km = 1093.6132983 yd. The symbol is "km".
You may also check length and distance units conversion calculator tool to convert all other length and distance units.


Lateral epicondylitis is a repetitive stress injury that affects the tendons in the forearm. These tendons attach to the upper arm right above the elbow joint, and when they become irritated, it causes pain just above the elbow joint along the outside edge.
Most people know lateral epicondylitis by the colloquial name of tennis elbow. However, many professions require frequent movements of the hand and wrist which can contribute to lateral epicondylitis.
What causes lateral epicondylitis?
According to the Mayo Clinic, lateral epicondylitis results from frequent, repetitive extension of the wrist. This is a motion that causes the hand to move backward. When the tendons become irritated due to lateral epicondylitis, it causes pain in the upper arm that may radiate down the forearm. This can cause weakness that makes gripping motions difficult.
What types of jobs can cause lateral epicondylitis?
Theoretically, any job that requires frequent wrist extension can result in lateral epicondylitis. For example, butchers are at risk because of the motions required to chop meat. Other professionals at risk for lateral epicondylitis include the following:
It is also common for people who work on computers to experience lateral epicondylitis, especially on the arm that operates the mouse.
What are the treatments for lateral epicondylitis?
Doctors typically recommend nonsurgical treatments for lateral epicondylitis, at least at first. These include ice, rest and over-the-counter pain relievers. Conservative treatment for lateral epicondylitis may also include physical therapy.
If symptoms persist despite conservative treatment measures, doctors may try more invasive treatments for lateral epicondylitis, such as injections or surgery.


Students will be able to:
Create an original piece using their own creative process. Techniques, terms, and artists will be discussed from the Surrealist movement.
Surrealist concepts will be implemented into the student’s piece.
1. Research Surrealist artists.
2. Find at least 5 references to implement into your concept.
3. Create thumbnails to brainstorm compositions. How are you going to balance out your design?
4. Demonstrate how you would incorporate the Elements and Principles of Art in a rough sketch.
5. Demonstrate your concept using materials of your choice. Draw from your references, not from your head!
*Spend enough time to shade and layer colors effectively!
Requirements: (Graded on a 0-4 scale)
1. Concept/Appropriation/ Personal Voice
5. Artist's Statement
- Salvador Dali
- de’ Chirico
- Rene Magritte
- Dorothea Tanning
- Eileen Agar
- Andre Breton
- Joan Miro
- Yves Tanguy
- Frida Kahlo
- Max Ernst
- Meret Oppenheim


Guided tour: Women in science
- Carrer d'Isaac Newton, 26, 08022 Barcelona
- Sat 11 Feb · 11:30
- Sat 11 Feb · 18:00
- Sun 12 Feb · 11:30
- Sun 12 Feb · 18:00
Since the beginning of time, women have been actively involved in the development and transmission of knowledge. Without women, there would be no science. This tour will review some of the female figures in the history of science and the scientific principles related to their discoveries. The visit will analyse the often invisible role of these women researchers in the advancement of society, both now and over the centuries.
Many women have been key figures in science, but often we have not known them or the value of their contributions until many years later. Sometimes they have not even received recognition. The educational objectives of this activity are to discover women in the history of science and their contributions, to analyse and understand some of the historical achievements made by women and to understand the effective value of gender equality for the progress of knowledge.
More information and registration at this link.
- Living with science
- Living in equity
- On-site activity with registration
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Buy from Amazon
Physics and philosophy
I found two main threads in the book. The first is the relationship of quantum theory with earlier science and philosophy. Heisenberg starts with a history of the development of quantum theory up to 1927. He then looks at the early ideas the Greeks had concerning atomism and the nature of matter, and moves on to the ideas of philosophers such as Descartes and Kant. He goes on to explain how quantum theory allowed chemistry to be explained in terms of physics, and discusses whether biology is likely to follow a similar path.
The second thread of the book is how difficult it is to understand quantum theory in terms of what had gone before. Although Einstein's relativity was a challenge, quantum theory is something else again, and maybe it even needs a new type of language to talk about it. Heisenberg supported the Copenhagen interpretation, which he describes and goes on to defend against some of the competing interpretations. However, I din't feel his defence was very strong - he used rather dubious logic to argue that competitors were just trying to return to classical physics. In fact my impression was that Heisenberg was really a 'shut up and calculate' man.
In the final chapter Heisenberg takes a wider view, discussing topics such as how traditional cultures will be affected by science as well as giving his views on the spread of atomic weapons.
A lot has happened in the philosophy of physics in the half century since this book was written, but I think it will still be of interest to many readers, firstly those who want to know more about Heisenberg and his thoughts, and secondly to those wanting to find out about the state of the Copenhagen interpretation at a time when it was beginning to be seriously challenged by other interpretations.


The World’s First and only Unsupported Crossing of the Arctic Ocean
The expedition team was Norwegians Rune Gjeldnes & Torry Larsen
Arctic Ocean 2000 is an exceptional account of an exceptional expedition. The world’s first successful unsupported crossing of the Arctic Ocean. It’s been called the world’s worst skiing trip, the last challenge of thegreat classic in the Polar Regions. A 2000 kilometers adventure through the most inhospitable landscape in the world, on the constantly changing pack ice drifting across the Arctic Ocean over 5000 meter deep, paddling their sledges across open water, climbing through pack ice rubble and pressure ridges in a chilling wind and temperatures down to –45 ºC. 17 international expeditions have attempted this trek. None have succeeded.
Rune Gjeldnes and Torry Larsen, both Norwegian Navy Seals since 1992 and under contract to the Royal
Norwegian Navy, they started out from Cape Arcticheskyt in Siberia on 16 February, 2000, with 400 kilos divided on four special sledges of their own design, ready for their battle with the elements. When they reached the
Geographical North Pole, they were halfway there. After 109 days they landed on Cape Discovery in Northen Canada with no food left, no water left, totally exhausted and weighing 53.2 kilos less than when they started. MISSION ACCOMPLISHED.
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Richard Semon and Donald Hebb are among the firsts to put forth the notion of cell assembly-a group of coherently or sequentially-activated neurons-to represent percept, memory, or concept. Despite the rekindled interest in this century-old idea, the concept of cell assembly still remains ill-defined and its operational principle is poorly understood. What is the size of a cell assembly? How should a cell assembly be organized? What is the computational logic underlying Hebbian cell assemblies? How might Nature vs. Nurture interact at the level of a cell assembly? In contrast to the widely assumed randomness within the mature but naïve cell assembly, the Theory of Connectivity postulates that the brain consists of the developmentally pre-programmed cell assemblies known as the functional connectivity motif (FCM). Principal cells within such FCM is organized by the power-of-two-based mathematical principle that guides the construction of specific-to-general combinatorial connectivity patterns in neuronal circuits, giving rise to a full range of specific features, various relational patterns, and generalized knowledge. This pre-configured canonical computation is predicted to be evolutionarily conserved across many circuits, ranging from these encoding memory engrams and imagination to decision-making and motor control. Although the power-of-two-based wiring and computational logic places a mathematical boundary on an individual's cognitive capacity, the fullest intellectual potential can be brought about by optimized nature and nurture. This theory may also open up a new avenue to examining how genetic mutations and various drugs might impair or improve the computational logic of brain circuits.
Keywords: cell assembly; decision-making; generalization; imagination; memory engram; motor control; nature vs. nurture; theory of connectivity.


a traditional Korean paper craft
'Han' refers to the Korean people and 'ji' means paper. Han-ji is the term used to describe Korean paper and it's also used to describe the art of making objects using the handmade paper. The paper is made from the bark of the mulberry tree 'dak' and is one of Korea's oldest and most durable products, dating back to the Three Kingdoms period around 130AD.
Mulberry bark produces a low acidity paper. The quality of each sheet depends on the skill of the workers who carefully produce a paper with a specific depth and complexity. The paper has good ventilation due to the fibres not being spread too thinly and because each is long and thin, giving it flexibility and dexterity, as well as a high resilience to weather and moisture. These qualities have made it one of the longest lasting paper products in the world.
Hanji crafts began mainly out of necessity when Korean households needed everyday items that were often unobtainable due to economic reasons, so the people made items out of available materials.
This type of paper is ideal for using in Hanji crafts because when it's wet it molds easily over cardboard or wooden structures and the fibres cling to the object.
Hanji paper was already used extensively in Korean households for covering windows, as wallpaper and when treated, it was used as flooring. These products can still be seen in traditional Korean homes today. Small and large pieces of furniture were made out of cardboard or wood, then covered in Hanji paper and decorated with symbols that were important to their culture and society. They also made bowls, boxes and sets of drawers and then much later, when electricity was introduced, low wattage lanterns.
These days Hanji is seeing a resurgence in popularity across a variety of generations in Korea and the craft is being taught to students in High school.
Many people from different countries have seen and discovered this fine craft and now want to continue doing it in their home coun tries. Up until now, outside of Korea, little has been known about this craft called Hanji and nearly all of the information available is in Korean.
My wish is to introduce this craft to a more global audience and in so doing, help to keep Hanji, this very traditional Korean craft, alive. You can learn more about it on my blog, which you can access here.


Researchers from the University of Vermont and Tufts University in Massachusetts have created robots made entirely from living cells
“These are novel living machines,” says Joshua Bongard of the University of Vermont, one of four authors of what might turn out to be a historically significant paper published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
“They’re neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal. It’s a new class of artefact: a living, programmable organism.”
The xenobots, as they’ve been dubbed, are made from frog embryo cells and are just one millimetre wide. They were designed using a supercomputer at Bongard’s university and then assembled by colleagues working at Tufts University in Massachusetts.
The researchers see them having multiple applications, including searching for toxic compounds in contaminated sites, harvesting microplastics from the ocean, or being deployed as drug-delivery mechanisms inside the body.
All of which will probably prove extremely useful, but shouldn’t distract from the principal outcome here: the creation, for the first time, of entirely new biological machines that could accurately be described as bespoke lifeforms.
Read More at Cosmos
Read the rest at Cosmos


There are few places where the present meets the past in such luxury and decadence as Tryon Palace in New Bern. Named for colonial governor and first resident William Tryon, the mansion housed the last colonial governors and the first state governors. Tryon Palace not only stands as a reminder of North Carolina’s rich historical legacy, but also represents the first major public history restoration project, a historic site that allows the people of North Carolina to interact with their past.
The first governor’s mansion in North Carolina was unlike any other structure in the region. Designed and built by Englishman John Hawks, considered by many to be the first professional architect in America, the Palace originated with planning began in 1766 and with construction commencing on August 26, 1767. Hawks designed the mansion in the Georgian style, with a heavy English influence of symmetry and balance. With construction complete in 1770, the Tryon family was in residence less than two years, when William Tryon left to assume duties as governor of New York.
Tryon Palace served as the backdrop for the transformation from colony to statehood. In May 1775, then Royal Governor Josiah Martin fled as patriot forces approached New Bern. After the first state constitution was ratified in November of 1776, the first state governor, Richard Caswell, occupied Tryon Palace. Successive governors Abner Nash, Alexander Martin, and Richard Dobbs Spaight resided in Tryon Palace until Raleigh became the new capitol in 1794. Tryon Palace also hosted George Washington on the night of April 21, 1791, during his southern tour. After a cellar fire destroyed all but the kitchen and stable offices in 1798, most of the original land was utilized in highway and housing developments.
In the latter part of the first half of the twentieth century, public interest and private donations convinced the state to consider the feasibility of restoration, a project the Tryon Palace Commission began in 1945, and concluded in 1959 when the palace, restored to the original design, opened as a public museum. With gardens showcasing over eighty types of flora across fourteen acres, and interior furnishings inspired by original period pieces, Tryon Palace remains a tribute to North Carolina’s enduring historical legacy.
Credit: North Carolina Highway Historical Marker Program, part of the N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.


|Quick Facts: Postsecondary Teachers|
|2020 Median Pay||$80,560 per year|
|Typical Entry-Level Education||See How to Become One|
|Work Experience in a Related Occupation||See How to Become One|
|Number of Jobs, 2020||1,276,900|
|Job Outlook, 2020-30||12% (Faster than average)|
|Employment Change, 2020-30||156,700|
What Postsecondary Teachers Do
Postsecondary teachers instruct students in a variety of academic subjects beyond the high school level.
Most postsecondary teachers work in public and private colleges and universities, professional schools, and junior or community colleges. Most work full time, although part-time work is common.
How to Become a Postsecondary Teacher
Educational requirements vary by subject and the type of educational institution. Typically, postsecondary teachers must have a Ph.D. However, a master's degree may be enough for some postsecondary teachers at community colleges, and others may need work experience in their field of expertise.
The median annual wage for postsecondary teachers was $80,560 in May 2020.
Overall employment of postsecondary teachers is projected to grow 12 percent from 2020 to 2030, faster than the average for all occupations.
About 139,600 openings for postsecondary teachers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
State & Area Data
Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for postsecondary teachers.
Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of postsecondary teachers with similar occupations.
More Information, Including Links to O*NET
Learn more about postsecondary teachers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.


Health and insect experts say this year’s tick season might be the worst one in years.
Nicer weather means spending more time outdoors.. which could put you at risk of getting bitten by a tick.
Massachusetts Department of Public health says after being outside you should look along your hairline, inside your ears and even between your toes for ticks. They’re also urging everyone to take tick bites seriously if you find a tick on yourself.
Doctors are urging everyone to do that and they’re also urging you to know the signs of tick born illnesses.
Massachusetts Department of Public Health says you should look along your hairline, inside your ears and even between your toes for ticks after being outdoors.
Doctors are now warning people about tick paralysis which recently left 5-year-old girl from Mississippi temporarily unable to walk or speak.
Usually when a tick is feeding a germ or bacteria is passed but with tick paralysis it’s different.
“It’s what we call a neurotoxin,” Dr. John O’Reilly told 22News. “That salivary gland of the tick will have this neurotoxin and will get into the child’s body and actually block the nervous system at the level of the muscle.”
Dr. O’Reilly said it’s important to be seen right away if you might have been exposed to a tick bite and have trouble walking or feel weak.
He also said tick paralysis is one of the less serious tick born diseases.
O’Reilly said once that tick is removed the temporary paralysis will clear up within a day.


The accuracy of weather forecasts may improve given the April 14 launch of six satellites. COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate), which rocketed into low Earth orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, will provide real-time atmospheric data for thousands of points on Earth. The array is the first to provide global coverage, and the information it collects will help scientists predict weather as well as study long-term climate change.
The suite of six satellites will collect data via radio occultations, or interference, of 24 U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite signals. Molecules in Earth’s atmosphere alter the amplitude and frequency of GPS signals. By measuring the amount of distortion, scientists can determine characteristics like air density, temperature, and moisture. Together, the satellites collect approximately 2,500 measurements daily, which nearly triples the amount of real-time data available to researchers.
Three ground-based stations — in Fairbanks, Alaska; Kiruna, Sweden; and Taiwan — monitor and control the satellites and downlink the data — they have received signals that all six satellites are working. Two data centers — in Boulder, Colorado, and Taiwan — maintain an online archive with information available to scientists within hours of the data collection. The $100 million project is a partnership among agencies in Taiwan and the United States. In Taiwan, the array is called FORMOSAT-3.


16-year-olds are capable of formulating opinions
Sixteen-year-olds are beginning to become independent-they are old enough to make their own decisions.
< (2 of 4) Next argument >
So many sixteen-year-olds are changing and morphing the world of politics. Greta Thunberg, with her activism on the nature of global warming and climate change. Malala made her voice heard, loud and clear. Amika George staged protests to fight for period poverty. Through the actions of teens like these, young people have proved time and time again that they are capable of making important political decisions. They deserve to be able to vote and have a say in important and critical issues that involve them directly.
The young activists are the minority of their age groups. The few loud do not make up for the silent majority of young teenagers that are simply repeating what their favorite celebrities or parents are reporting. Lowering the age to accommodate for a few does not make sense.
[P1] Young people are already involved in today's politics. [P2] Therefore, voting should be available at sixteen.
Rejecting the premises
[Rejecting P1] Activists do not represent their entire age group.


History United: The FAIR Education Act FAIR introduced the roles and contributions of people with disabilities and other social groups into our schools.
FAIR Education Act
YO! Fact Sheet on
the FAIR Education Act Download PDF What is the FAIR Education Act? This document explains it.
California Department of Education Fact Sheet
on the FAIR Education Act Visit Website Information includes frequently asked questions answered by the California Department of Education.
Don't Erase People With Disabilities
From Our History Books Visit Website YO! Corps Volunteer Katie Laackman writes about the importance of Disability History and the FAIR Education Act.
- Fair Education Act Campaign Visit Website Website dedicated to protecting the FAIR Education Act.
FAIR Education Act:
The Law as Signed by the Governor Visit Website The law as it's written, for SB 48.
- Opponents of FAIR Education Act Fail to Qualify Referendum for 2012 Ballot Download PDF Press release of titled Opponents of FAIR Education Act Fail to Qualify Referendum for 2012 Ballot.
How to Put the FAIR Education Act
into Action Watch Video Learn about the FAIR Education Act, and how you can work with local school districts to help determine what and how disability history is taught the schools in your community.
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