English law on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has changed in ways that should deeply concern ethical food traders and their customers. GM Freeze Director Liz O’Neill explains what’s happened and what can be done to improve the situation.
The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act became law on 23 March, creating a new class of GMO – the “precision bred organisms” (PBO). Plants and animals that have been genetically manipulated in the laboratory will be classed as “PBOs” if their developers self-declare that the genetic changes “could [hypothetically] have resulted from traditional processes”.
These “PBOs” will be exempt from the individual risk assessments that are currently carried out before any GMO can be released and, as things stand, they will not be labelled on food packaging.
Clear opposition from the environmental, animal welfare and agroecology movements wasn’t enough to stop the new law, but a recent meeting of the Food Standards Agency (FSA) brought some
Although the new Act does not require labelling of “PBOs”, there are alternative mechanisms
that could be used to protect our right to avoid these re-branded GMOs. New research
commissioned by the FSA showed that this is exactly what consumers want and the FSA’s March board meeting agreed to keep the issue under review. That makes it more important than ever that ethical food traders speak up.
One way to make your voice heard is to sign and share the Don’t Hide What’s Inside petition. The petition is building support online but GM Freeze is also keen to develop other ways for businesses and their customers to show their support for labelling of all GMOs. To play your part, please get in touch with GM Freeze on firstname.lastname@example.org or 0845 217 8992.


It has been a great start to Term 2 for Year 11 and last weekend they took part in an Overpopulation Challenge during the international day celebrations. Year 11 students worked in small groups along with year 10 students to create a product or concept that would help to reduce the world population. They had to research their ideas and put together a ‘Dragon’s Den” style pitch presentation and present their ideas to Ms Bishop, Ms Hall and Mr Palmer. This drew out four great finalist groups who then had to present their plan in a final assembly to the rest of KS4 and KS3 students. Ms Middlebrook and the rest of the staff who watched the students present, were very impressed with the confidence the four groups showed and Ms Middlebrook was especially impressed with how well their plans were researched and their presentations were put together.
The four groups that presented in assembly were:
Vertical farming (pyramid housing and insect agriculture – Philip, Gethin, Mahad & Sorachika
Education for everyone using derelict housing – Zainab, Nora, Prapti & Amber
The ‘Need for Seeds’, seed bombs in India & creating edible green spaces – Anoushka, Rajeshri & Amitayush
Bio Mark – plant based resources to make sustainable clothing for everyone – Devanshi & Soniva
The judges voted for the the first and second place and those awards went to the following groups:
1st place: Bio Mark – plant based resources to make sustainable clothing for everyone – Devanshi & Soniva!
2nd place : Education for everyone using derelict housing – Zainab, Nora, Prapti & Amber!
And there was a final award; The people’s choice voted by students and teachers that went to the Vertical farming (pyramid housing and insect agriculture – Philip, Gethin, Mahad & Sorachika!
A massive congratulations to these groups and all the students that took part. It was a great event and they really embraced the challenges set during the day.
It was also great to see all the students dressed in their traditional dress and representing their countries for the international day parade!


Press Release from the Nutritional Magnesium Association as published by Reuters
ORANGE, Calif., June 15, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Magnesium deficiency is an important factor in the results obtained from vitamin D. According to Dr. Carolyn Dean, MD, ND, magnesium expert and Medical Director of the nonprofit Nutritional Magnesium Association (http://www.nutritionalmagnesium.org), the effectiveness and benefits of vitamin D are greatly undermined in the absence of adequate levels of magnesium in the body. Magnesium acts with and is essential to the activity of vitamin D, and yet most Americans do not get their recommended daily allowance (RDA) of this important mineral.
Extensive research has shown that vitamin D deficiencies play a major role in the development of dozens of diseases, including a variety of cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer and colon cancer, as well as diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, osteoporosis, psoriasis and mental illness.
"While many people are beginning to realize the amazing health benefits that vitamin D has to offer in the prevention of disease, they may not be getting the full benefits from vitamin D without also supplementing their diets with magnesium, which is a vital nutrient that works synergistically with vitamin D," says Dr. Dean...
Read rest of press release at reuters.com.
Page last edited: 15 June 2011


Memorial Day starts the beginning of summer which means a lot more time on the patio or deck grilling with friends and family. Seven out of every 10 adults in the U.S. have a grill or smoker*, which translates to a lot of tasty meals. But it also means there’s an increased risk of home fires. In 2014-2018, fire departments went to an annual average of 8,900 home fires involving grills, hibachis or barbecues per year, including 3,900 structure fires and 4,900 outside or unclassified fires. Also in 2014-2018, an average of 19,700 patients per year went to emergency rooms because of injuries involving grills.** Nearly half (9,500 or 48%) of the injuries were thermal burns, including both burns from fire and from contact with hot objects; 5,200 thermal burns, per year, were caused by such contact or other non-fire events. Children under five accounted for an average of 2,000 or 39%, of the contact-type burns per year. These burns typically occurred when someone, often a child, bumped into, touched or fell on the grill, grill part or hot coals. Gas grills were involved in an average of 8,900 home fires per year, including 3,900 structure fires and 4,900 outdoor fires annually. Leaks or breaks were primarily a problem with gas grills. Ten percent of gas grill structure fires and 22% of outside gas grill fires were caused by leaks or breaks. Charcoal or other solid-fueled grills were involved in 1,300 home fires per year, including 600 structure fires and 600 outside fires annually.
Source: NFPA’s Applied Research
* Hearth, Patio and Barbecue Association (HPBA)
**Consumer Product Safety Commission’s National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, queried in April 2016


The Samuel Gompers Papers
University of Maryland
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
Microfilm Edition: Samuel Gompers and the American Federation of Labor
Project Web Site: https://history.umd.edu/research/projects-archives/samuel-gompers-papers
Samuel Gompers (1850 –1924) founded the American Federation of Labor and served as its president for nearly forty years, between 1886 and 1924, and the nation's leading trade unionist and labor spokesman. A cigar maker by trade, an intellectual by nature, and a skilled organizer and administrator by vocation, Gompers dedicated his life to the working class. He was an advocate of shorter hours, higher wages, safe and sanitary working conditions, and collective bargaining with employers. And he believed that strong, well-financed trade unions would humanize industry, protect workers' interests, and in the process, create opportunities for workers to educate themselves and claim a larger role in industrial society. The project published two microfilm series of union records, twelve volumes of Gompers' papers, and a cumulative index.
Complete in 12 volumes
Previous Record | Next Record | Return to Index


In the period April - October 2011 the research project \'Herbs in grasslands and health of the dairy herd\' was carried out by the Louis Bolk Institute. In this project the relation between pasture herbs and health of dairy cattle was studied on 22 dairy farms. Participating farmers expressed a special interest in the inclusion of pasture herbs in the cows\' diet to promote the health of their dairy cattle. The extent to which today\'s dairy farmers have knowledge of how to use herbs towards animal health is unknown. This study explored the existing knowledge of farmers on herbs used for animal health using the free-lists method. Results show that farmers know a number of herbs in their pastures. However, they do not fully know the potential medicinal value of the present herbs. Closing the gap between what farmers know already (that there are many herbs in their pastures) and the existing information (which herbs can have beneficial effects on the health of their dairy cows), through extension services or information campaigns, could have an ample impact on the way the health of dairy cattle is achieved today and maintained in the future. To evaluate if their animals are healthy, farmers rely mostly on their \'eyes and experience\' and less so on data which need to be measured with external devices. This suggests that Dutch dairy farmers possess a wide range of stockman ship skills.
Herbs in grassland and health of the dairy herd - Part 2: Using free-lists to explore farmers’ knowledge about herbs and cows health
Pagina's / pages: 6
Type: Flyers en factsheets
Download (pdf, 0.47 MB)
Abstract / summary in English:
Keywords in English: grassland, herbs, animal health


Hydrogen produced at much lower temperature with less energy
A new method for producing hydrogen, which is fast, irreversible, and takes place at much lower temperature using less energy, has been developed by researchers at Waseda University. This innovation is expected to contribute to the spread of fuel cell systems for automobiles and homes.
Hydrogen has normally been extracted from methane and steam using a nickel catalyst at temperatures of over 700°C. However, the high temperature creates major challenges for widespread use.
The group led by Professor Yasushi Sekine, Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering, developed a method which allows hydrogen extraction at temperatures as low as 150-200°C. This shift greatly reduces energy input needed to produce hydrogen fuel, extends catalyst life, reduces the cost of construction materials, and reduces complexity of heat-management (cooling) systems.
Although the research group had already seen that a fast reaction would be possible even in the range of 150-200°C by applying a weak electric field (surface protonics), the mechanism had not been fully understood.
In this research, the group is the first to explain the mechanism by observing the catalyst during reaction. Protons move quickly through water adsorbed on the catalyst’s surface, and protons’ surface “hopping” allows reaction to proceed at low temperatures. Furthermore, the collision of the protons and the adsorbates prevents reversal of the reaction.
As momentum grows for the commercialization of hydrogen, this research is not only applicable to hydrogen production, but also to many consumer products since the same mechanism makes it possible to lower the temperature for various reactions involving hydrogen or water. The process is already being applied to research for improving energy efficiency in automobiles by creating reactions between exhaust gases and fuel at low temperature.
More information: EurekAlert!
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Jack “King” Kirby
I want to celebrate Jack “King” Kirby, born on August 28, 1917.
If you don’t know the name, you know his art. And even if you don’t know his art, you know his influence.
He created and co-created most of the MCU heroes we’ve enjoyed on the silver screen and on TV over the past few years: Captain America, Thor, Hulk, the Avengers, Spider-Man, the Eternals, and the Fantastic Four, just to name a few.
You might know that I’m a big fan of the late Stan Lee. Even after his passing, Lee remains the face of Marvel Comics since the early 1960s, and as much as I admire Stan’s immense creative work and talent, a debate has raged on whether Lee claimed more credit than he deserved. Stan was a writer, a visionary, and a self-promoter.
Jack Kirby was among the artists that Stan worked with to bring his vision to life.
And some, including Jack, would say that he, “King” Kirby, created the characters and heroes that we know and love.
I’m not here to settle that debate. I greatly admire both people.
Jack was a seminal graphic artist. He created visual worlds, large and small. He influenced countless other artists and creative people.
From reading his biography, I also have the impression that Jack Kirby was a tough guy. A real fighter. He grew up in a bad neighborhood, in a street gang, then he grew some more in the army during World War II, and he solved problems with his fists.
Jack Kirby’s art, I think, reflected that attitude. His characters were huge. His lines were bold and thick. His machines were staggeringly complex. His stories were larger than life.
And a lesson here is to let your personality shine through in your work.
Be who you are.
But here’s a warning: He couldn’t use his fists to get the credit that he deserved.
He couldn’t punch his way out of every contractual or creative issue he faced.
So another lesson from this is to have more than one tool in your toolbox. Having only a hammer does not make everything in front of you a nail.
What do you think?
See you tomorrow!


Using existing structures and technology EduVentures has established an ESD Network, for strengthening the implementation of EE/ESD in Namibian schools. Namibia already have a diverse of ESD practitioners the ESD Network can build on, rather than replacing or replicating, systems and structures already in place such as existing EE centre and school clusters system. The ESD network aims to equip educators at EEC in the regions and teachers of the nearby school cluster with pedagogical content knowledge, to be enabled cross-curricular teaching of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) through hands-on learning using real life examples. The project is based on the principle of a multiplier effect by advocating three tiers of training, namely ESD Educator training, teacher training, and primary and secondary school learner education. The ESD Network satisfies all five Priority Action Areas as set out in the Roadmap for Implementing the Global Action Programme (GAP) on Education for Sustainable Development of UNESCO.
Nine centres were selected to serve as ESD centres where teachers will be trained. These centres will be provided with equipments to setup a smart classroom including a smartboard, a computer and other office equipments and internet connectivity to ensure that the centers are connected to each and able to conduct Web Based Trainings.
Educators at all these centres have also undergone trainings on Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development and certified as ESD educators.
Quote from Mr. Mbeutjiua Rikambura, Chief Warden:
(Karas Region, Enviroonmental Education and CBNRM, Ministry of Environment and Tourism):
“The EduLink Project captures all principles of Environmental Education and its activities are online with the UNSECO Global Action Programme, EduLink capacitates educators with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to carry out their responsibilities”.
The aim of the second tier of EduLink project is to provide teachers across the curricula spectrum with the background, skills and know-how to incorporate ESD into their respective subject areas (crosscurricular teaching). Groups of teachers will be trained at ESD Centres, using the same modules used during, and developed in conjunction with, ESD Educator training. Again a blended approach will be used through smartboard technology. The ESD Educators will provide face-to-face support.
School Community Projects
Coming Soon! Will start in 2020.


Riding a bicycle is a good way to get around while providing a great form of exercise, but making it home safely is paramount.
The Arizona Department of Public Safety has some basic safety tips that can help to keep people on bicycles safe. It is imperative for motorists and bicyclists to remember these since it takes everyone on the road to ensure that bicyclists remain safe. Everyone should be considerate of others on the road, regardless of their mode of transportation.
Choose the right gear
What you wear can impact your safety while you are on the road. Wear bright colors that make it easy to spot you. Always wear your helmet so that your head is protected if you are in an accident. If you ride at night, put reflectors or lights on the bike so that drivers can see you in the dark. Before each ride, do a check of your bicycle to ensure that everything is in good working condition.
Bicycles ride in traffic lanes
Bicyclists should ride in traffic lanes with motor vehicles. Contrary to what some people think, they should ride in the same direction as traffic on their side of the road. Anyone on a bike should make sure that they understand the signs and signals that govern traffic on the roads because they are bound by them just like drivers.
Riding in a predictable manner
Riders have to make sure they are being predictable. Always stay in the same lane and use hand signals if you are going to make a turn. Be sure that you check for oncoming traffic if you are approaching an intersection or need to make a turn. Try to ride in a straight line so that drivers can get around you without having to guess which way you are going to veer next.
When an accident occurs
If a bicyclist is struck by a vehicle, even at slow speeds, there is a chance that the person will be injured. Seeking out medical care is usually a good idea. Emergency services will need to be contacted so the police department can create a report outlining what happened. Bicyclists shouldn’t try to let the driver go without contacting authorities because you never know what injuries might manifest later.


Prasiolite is a green variety of quartz. The two components of its name are derived from Greek roots meaning leek-green stone. The color is produced by irradiating or heat-treating amethyst containing ferrous iron (Fe2+) to approximately 500oC, although some natural prasiolite has been found.
- Optical Properties
- Characteristic Physical Properties
- Chemistry & Crystallography
Green Quartz, "Greened Amethyst"
Countries of Origin
Tanzania, United Republic Of; Uruguay; United States of America; Madagascar; Thailand; Bolivia (Plurinational State of); India; Mozambique; Unknown; China; Brazil; Mexico; Zimbabwe
Prasiolite is an easy-going, gentle, pastel-green stone. Although it's found naturally, it's extremely rare. So... we nudge Mother Nature! As with many stones, heat treatments are transforming. Amethyst from Montezuma, Minas Gerais, Brazil was first found to turn green when it was heated. Since then material from Four Peaks, Arizona; Zimbabwe; Ceará, Brazil; and a location in California have also been found to turn green upon treatment. Because prasiolite is a variety of quartz, it's a seven on the scale of hardness and therefore extremely wearable.
Avoid a jeweler's torch.
More About Prasiolite
One of the folkloric attributes of prasiolite is that it fosters compassion. Those who believe in the powers of gemstones say that this stone encourages self-acceptance and self-honor, that it ignites love and brings spiritual ideals into everyday life. Embrace its easy and enviable green.


For the past three decades, Carla Stehr and other scientists operated the NWFSC’s Scanning Electron Microscope to photograph tiny creatures from Puget Sound, Washington and the waters off the Pacific Coast from Alaska to California. Although a small number of these images were published in books and journals, hundreds more were simply stored in a filing cabinet…until now.
The NWFSC worked with Carla, now retired, to bring the best SEM images to light with the publication of a new book and launch of a related website. This special collection, called “Sea Unseen”, features highly-magnified, awe-inspiring images of fish scales and sensory cells, diatoms and dinoflagellates, marine worms and octopus suckers, among other intricate structures and sea creatures that cannot be seen by the naked eye.
The SEM is a powerful technology that uses electrons to provide information about the surface structure of a sample, and can magnify images up to 300,000 times, much higher than can be achieved through a conventional light microscope. SEM images are also unique in their remarkable three-dimensional appearance and ability to show surface features of organisms or individual cells, which are easy for people to appreciate without specialized training. Many images are as stunning as they are informative, opening up an aquatic world that most people, other than scientists, don’t have the opportunity to see.
Carla’s images have helped the NWFSC advance scientific knowledge of fish development, identify harmful algal blooms off the West Coast, and study the effects of contaminants on marine organisms. For example, SEM images of salmon olfactory cells helped scientists understand of how pollutants such as copper and other metals can disrupt a salmon’s ability to avoid predators, find food, or smell their way back to their natal streams. With the aid of SEM and other advanced tools, scientists are also able to identify toxic phytoplankton and ultimately give managers early warnings of harmful blooms to better protect shellfisheries and human health. Occasionally, the SEM captured a unique moment in the life cycle of an organism, such as a surf smelt just beginning to hatch or the instant a salmon egg was fertilized.


According to the Deputy Governor Bank of Uganda, Uganda’s public debt has risen to Shs 80 trillion, which is 50% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
The East-African nation’s debt has been under sharp focus recently, with international lenders and rating firms like IMF, World Bank, Moody’s and S&P downgrading its creditworthiness.
The World Bank and IMF have warned countries to ensure that their national debt never exceeds 50% of their GDP. This is because such high debt levels downgrade a country’s creditworthiness, leading to a higher interest rate whenever the government borrows, the effect of which is passed onto the final consumer.
SOURCE: Africa Business Insider
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Codonanthe (Codonanthe, family Gesneriaceae) is a beautiful ampelous plant with leathery, elliptical, opposite leaves of a dark green color. The stems of the codonants have a pinkish tint; with age, they become woody. The codonanta blooms with white tubular flowers with a bright red pharynx. A flowering plant looks charming in a hanging basket. In place of the flowers, red berries are tied, which serve as an additional decoration for the codonant. Most often in indoor floriculture there is a graceful codonant (Codonanthe gracilis).
Codonanthe Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Kcgrant
Codonanta prefers a light location, but feels good and blooms in partial shade. The plant is thermophilic, requires a temperature of at least 20 ° С throughout the year, only in winter it is advisable to keep the codonant at +15 ° С. The codonanta needs high air humidity, it needs to be sprayed frequently, especially in the hot season.
Water the codonant regularly, but not too abundantly. The topsoil should have time to dry between waterings. The codonant is fed from March to September twice a month with full mineral fertilizer. They are transplanted every year, adult specimens – after a year, in spring – into a substrate of leafy and soddy soil, humus, peat and sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1: 1. The codonant propagates by green, non-lignified cuttings in the middle of summer.
Of the pests of the codonant, aphids are affected, which sucks the juice from the tops of young shoots. To combat, you can use infusion of tobacco or insecticides (karbofos, actellik). Falling buds from a plant occurs, as a rule, as a result of fluctuations in air temperature. Other reasons for the dropping of codonant buds can be called overmoistening or overdrying of an earthen coma.


Our adobe was built in 1929 and is not on the National Register. Nonetheless, we want to leave it in as good a shape as possible, but we’re getting older and find that a 50-pound tub of adobe plaster mix weighs more every year. Any advice?
Adobe, or sun-dried brick, is an ancient building material, and though some adobe structures are quite old, maintaining adobe in the modern world has become a tricky issue.
Traditional adobe bricks are molded from sand and clay mixed with water; straw or grass is often added as a binder. Since the bricks are not fired in a kiln, but instead air-dried for weeks before use, they are particularly hygroscopic and that is, they absorb moisture and will swell and shrink constantly, depending upon their water content. This makes traditional adobe unstable by today’s construction standards, and a problematic match with modern materials, such as Portland cement.
Because adobe buildings are always swelling and shrinking, historically they have required constant maintenance, particularly patching and replastering the surfaces with mud mortar. Though lime or Portland cement were sometimes added to plaster mortars in the 20th century to increase their durability, these mixes do not have the same expansion rate as the brick and can cause them to crack and crumble.
In fact, the National Park Service Preservation Brief on the subject notes that “Techniques acceptable only 10 years ago are no longer considered appropriate.” For traditional adobe buildings then, a traditional mud plaster made from the same ingredients used on the building historically remains the best approach.


What Is a Common Law Partner?
Common law marriage is the most common form of marriage between two unmarried people, although it is not legally recognized in all states. A valid common law marriage lasts until one partner dies or until they are legally separated. In some states, common law marriage may only be recognized by court case law, so you should always contact a lawyer or legal services organization for more information. You can also contact the clerk of court in your state if you have any questions about common law marriage.
In addition to the legal requirements, it’s important to note that a common law partnership doesn’t allow the two people to have a separate legal status. If one partner has the same last name as the other, this means that the relationship is common law. If you are living with someone who has a different last name or has mixed property, you must be married to get the status of common law partner. Once the relationship becomes common law, you must also get a living together agreement to make sure the two of you have a legal living together.
Despite not being legally married, a common law relationship is possible if two people live together. It requires the two people to live together and combine their affairs for at least one year. This is important, as it shows a continuing relationship between two people. As long as they cohabitate regularly and present themselves as a couple, their relationship is common law. It can also be difficult to dissolve a common law partnership.


1.5C temperature limit is real science, not a political construct: Climate scientiststext_fields
Leading climate scientists told world leaders that the 1.5C temperature limit is a vital threshold and real number for the planet's climate, not a political construct to be discussed.
Johan Rockström, the director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, made the statement when world leaders are meeting in Rome and Glasgow to discuss global warming.
Rockström warned that the 1.5C target is not like other political debates that can be compromised. He insisted that it is a planetary boundary and every fraction of a degree more is dangerous, reported The Guardian.
"1.5C indicates a physical limit to the warming the planet can safely absorb. This is real science. We can say that with a high degree of confidence," said Rockström. He added that staying within 1.5C is achievable.
If the planet's temperature rises beyond 1.5C, it will lead to irreversible damages including the melting of the Greenland ice sheet and rise of sea level. As the Arctic's reflective ice plays a key role in absorbing water, the planet's climate will enter a disastrous loop that can rapidly raise the temperature further.
One of the world's foremost climate scientists told The Guardian that crossing the 1.5C mark will lead to irreversible changes in the Gulf Stream that will in turn result in the destruction of biodiversity hotspots and agricultural lands. Small islands and low-lying coastal areas will also be under threat.
Mark Maslin, a professor of Earth systems science at University College London and Joeri Rogelj, the director of research at the Grantham Institute, Imperial College London also agreed with Rockström's statements and warned of similar risks.


An ancient foal may have been so well-preserved that viable cells from it can be cloned.
Last year, scientists found a 42,000-year-old Lena Horse foal — those are extinct, by the way — frozen in Siberian permafrost.
Now, they hope that they can clone the long-dead horse back into existence, according to Gizmodo, using liquid blood samples researchers extracted from the horse's surprisingly well-preserved heart.
Horse to Water
In addition to liquid blood, scientists conducting the autopsy found intact organs and tissues.
"We can now claim that this is the best-preserved Ice Age animal ever found in the world," Semyon Grigoyev, head of the Mammoth Museum in Yakutsk, Russia, told Russian news agency TASS, as per The Siberian Times.
The one to two-week-old foal likely drowned in mud that then froze, keeping the horse on ice for thousands of years.
Collecting liquid blood doesn't mean that scientists can definitely clone a Lena Horse back into the world — the researchers will still need to make sure that the blood contains viable cells that can then be grown in a lab.
Gizmodo reports that the researchers behind the project, who are also working to resurrect woolly mammoths, have tried and failed to grow such cells 20 different times.
READ MORE: Liquid Blood Extracted From 42,000-Year-Old Foal Found Frozen in Siberia [Gizmodo]
More on cloning: Scientists Just Came Closer Than Ever to Cloning a Woolly Mammoth


Few places on Earth are as remote as the German research facility Neumayer Station III. The scientists who work at this outpost in Antarctica are studying the effects of climate change — under extreme conditions. Journalist Matthias Ebert traveled to the station to find out more about their research. The scientists are particularly concerned about the speed at which Antarctic ice is melting – and its impact on global sea levels. The researchers have also been studying a large colony of emperor penguins that lives near their facility — to find out more about how these birds are adapting to climate change. Ebert reports on the daily lives of the scientists who work at the Neumayer Station, and how they cope with the extreme weather conditions, isolation, and cramped quarters. They’ve even managed to grow some of their own food in a greenhouse at the facility. Ebert documents the damaging effect that global warming is having on the Antarctic, and the risk that this poses for the rest of the world. ——————————————————————–
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The rule of the Delhi Sultans lasted for over three centuries-A.D. 1206-1526. The causes that led to the downfall of the Sultans were:
1. The Delhi Sultans came and conquered India by the force of their armies. But they never tried to win the confidence and love of their subjects.
2. Most of the Sultans were religious fanatics. Sultans like Firoz Tughlak and Sikander Lodi re-imposed jazia, the much-heated pilgrimage tax on the Hindus. Consequently the Hindus hated them and became their enemies.
3. The Muslim nobility was also much to be blamed for the downfall of the Sultans. The armies and the nobles were too powerful and could be kept under control only by powerful rulers like Alla-ud-din Khiliji and Balban. Whenever a weak ruler came on the throne they took advantage and rebelled against them.
4. The jagirdari system received by Firoz Tughlak was an important factor responsible for the ruin of the Sultans. The jagirdars became very powerful in their territories and asserted their independence.
5. The empire was too vast to be controlled in those days when means of communication were not so developed.
6. Timur’s invasion gave the final blow to the already disintegrating Sultanate and with Babur’s invasion came the end of the Delhi Sultanate.


After the class discussion about the x, y, and z-axes on the Workcell, you will use those three axes to find a single point in space. By measuring the distance from the origin (0, 0, 0) of the Workcell, at the base of the turntable, to the center of the tool plate on the end of the arm, you can derive the (x, y, z) coordinate values.
For Your Information
- The origin or (0, 0, 0) is the location that all values start from. The (0, 0, 0) on the Workcell is located at the center base of the turntable.
- The tool plate is located at the end of the arm on the Workcell. The center of the tool plate is called out in the second image.
Insert the mastering jig into the arm mounted on the Workcell.
Measure the distance, in inches, from the center of the tool plate to the center of the turntable along the x-axes. Record this distance on your Play Checklist, and repeat the process along the y and z-axes.
Use this image as reference of the location of the x, y, and z-axes if needed.
Sketch your measurement and answer the question for each axis on your Play Checklist:
- How do the two sets of values compare?


Python 3, an Illustrated Tour Transcripts
Lecture: Walk-through: Statistics
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0:00 In this video we're going to look at stat test. So open that up in your editor. It looks like there's one function in here., let's run it.
0:09 I'm just going to right click here and say run and I get a name error on line 13. Okay, let's read what the test says to do
0:21 and see if we can make it so we don't get a name error, so we get a pass here.
0:25 It says calculate the mean, variance and standard deviation of the data array, store the results in m, v and s.
0:33 So this wants us to use the statistics library. So from statistics, import and we can say we're going to import the mean and the variance
0:48 and if we want to put this on another line, we could say stdev. So again, we put parentheses here
0:56 if we want to have our imports go across multiple lines. So here's data, we want to get the mean of it m is equal to the mean of the data,
1:05 v is the variance, v equals variance of data. and s equals standard deviation of data, looks good. Let's run it— bingo, we're good.
1:18 So this is a library that's built into Python and it's good for doing basic statistics.
1:24 So rather than writing your own, take advantage of this because it's there.


Ischemic stroke is the most common form of stroke, accounting for around 87% of strokes. This type of stroke is caused by blockages or narrowing of the arteries that provide blood to the brain, resulting in ischemia - severely reduced blood flow.
These blockages are often caused by blood clots, which can form either in the arteries connecting to the brain, or in other blood vessels before being swept through the bloodstream and into narrower arteries within the brain. Clots can be caused by fatty deposits within the arteries called plaque.
Everything You Need to Know About Stroke
Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the US, with one person dying every 4 minutes as a result. For African Americans, stroke is the 3rd leading cause of death.
In the US, approximately 40% of stroke deaths are in males, with 60% in females. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), compared to Caucasians, African Americans have nearly twice the risk of a first-ever stroke and a much higher death rate from stroke.
Stroke is also more likely to affect people if they are overweight, aged 55 or older, have a personal or family history of stroke, are not physically active, drink heavily, smoke or use illicit drugs.
Eating the Right Fats for Your Heart
When it comes to dietary fat, what matters most is the type of fat you eat. Healthy fats are necessary and beneficial for your health; however unhealthy fats raise your cholesterol and can harm your heart.
Rather than adopting a low-fat diet, it’s more important to focus on eating beneficial "good" fats and avoiding harmful "bad" fats. Fat is an important part of a healthy diet. Choose foods with "good" unsaturated fats, limit foods high in saturated fat, and avoid "bad" trans-fat.


You might be wondering if frogs can wear clothes. The answer is yes, they certainly can! Many believe that frogs make great models for clothing because of their slim figures and smooth skin. As a result, clothing companies often use frogs in their advertising and fashion shows.
Why should Frogs Wear Clothes?
There are several reasons why frogs might choose to wear clothes.
For one, frogs are susceptible to changes in temperature. So wearing clothes helps them to regulate their body temperature and stay comfortable.
Additionally, clothing can protect a frog’s skin from the sun’s harmful rays. Some frogs also believe wearing clothes makes them look more attractive to potential mates.
What Kind of Clothes Can Frogs Wear?
Frogs wear shirts and pants made from natural materials like cotton or wool. They often prefer clothing that is loose-fitting and comfortable. In the winter, some frogs will even wear sweaters or jackets to keep warm.
While many options are available, you must ensure that the clothes you select for your frog are not made from synthetic materials like polyester or nylon. These materials can irritate a frog’s skin and cause allergies or other health problems.
How to Dress Your Frog
If you want to dress your frog, there are a few things you need to keep in mind. First of all, it is essential to select the correct size of clothing for your frog.
If the clothes are too big, they will be uncomfortable and fall off. Conversely, if the clothes are too small, they will be constricting and may cut off circulation.
It is also essential to avoid using tight elastic bands or other fasteners that could cause pain or discomfort. When in doubt, ask a veterinarian or experienced frog owner for help choosing the right outfit for your froggy friend.
As you can see, there are many reasons why a frog might want to wear clothes. Whether trying to stay warm in the winter or looking for a mate, frogs can benefit from a well-chosen wardrobe!
Clothing companies often use frogs as models because of their slim figures and smooth skin. When selecting clothing for your frog, be sure to choose natural materials like cotton or wool that won’t irritate their skin. And don’t forget to get the right size—clothes that are too big or too small can cause discomfort or even health problems. You can help your frog look its best with a bit of care!


* house fly, house-fly
Any fly regularly found in human dwellings.
# The common housefly, Musca domestica , that frequents most homes and spreads some diseases.
#* 1990 , D. C. Kaslow, S. Welburn, 16: Insect-transmitted pathogens in the insect midgut'', M. Lehane, P. Billingsley (editors), ''Biology of the Insect Midgut ,
#* 2004 , R. Jurenka, Insect Pheromone Biosynthesis'', Stefan Schulz (editor), ''The Chemistry of Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals I ,
- Of the three potential means (carriage on the body and legs, regurgitation and defecation) by which houseflies' can transmit pathogens, one involves passage through the gut. During passage through the ' housefly , pathogens may replicate within the gut.
#* 2011 , Ross Piper, Pests: A Guide to the World's Most Maligned, Yet Misunderstood Creatures ,
- In the housefly , M. domestica , sex pheromone production is correlated with egg development.
- Houseflies are known to carry at least 100 different pathogens and they are vectors for at least 65 of these.
Any of various flies of the family Calliphoridae that lay their eggs in rotting meat, dung, or in open wounds.


Correlation of Heat Pulse Velocity Measurements and Transpiration for Aspen, Engelmann Spruce and Subalpine Fir in Northern Utah
There were 26- aspen, 20 subalpine fir and 20 Engelmann spruce severed at the base, underwater, and suspended in permanent reservoirs at a northern Utah site. The reservoirs were sealed so that all water loss from the reservoirs was due to consumption by the trees. Thermoelectric methodology was used to estimate volumetric flow through the conducting portions of the tree stems. These flow volumes were correlated with actual water losses from the reservoirs. The developed regression equations were Y = 0.2114X^1.1876 for aspen, Y = 0.5428X^1.0929 for fir, and Y = 8.888.3 lnx - 64787.0 for spruce. Correlation coefficients of 0.934, 0.928 and 0.904 were obtained for fir, aspen and spruce, respectively.
Humphries, W.E. (1982). Correlation of heat pulse velocity measurements and transpiration for aspen, Engelmann spurce and subalpine fir in northern Utah. MS. 110p.
This item is a thesis published by a student who attended Utah State University. Abstract can be accessed through the remote link. Fulltext not available online.


What is a “Judge of Elections”
What is a Judge of Election?
Judges of election are responsible for the administration of election procedures in the polling place on election day. They are in the position of ensuring that the election process is administered fairly and in accordance with our laws.
What are the qualifications necessary to be an election judge?
be a citizen of the United States;
be of good repute and character;
be able to speak, read and write the English language;
be skilled in the four fundamental rules of mathematics;
be of good understanding and capable; and
not be a candidate for any office in the election and not be elected committeeman.
What are some of the duties of Judges of Election?
to open and close the polls;
to be responsible for all election materials;
to ensure that only qualified voters are permitted to vote and that each qualified voter is permitted to vote once and only once;
to ensure that all votes are cast in secret;
to give instructions in the method of voting when requested by a voter;
to give assistance to illiterate and physically disabled voters;
to maintain order in the polling place throughout the day;
to tally the vote after the polls are closed; and
to certify the election results in that precinct.
(copied from the following source – http://www.co.mchenry.il.us/departments/countyclerk/Pages/JudgeOfElections.aspx )
Posted on July 28, 2012, in BOD Meetings. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment.
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Robo Librarian Tracks Down Misplaced Books
The robots have now become shelf-aware
You know you’ve done it. You grab a library book off the shelf, flip through the pages, then go to put it back and realize you forgot where it came from. So you just glance over your shoulder and take a wild guess. Misplaced library books frustrate patrons and give librarians migraines. The whole system relies on books being precisely in their proper location.
We wrote before about a research library at the University of Chicago that solves this and other cataloguing issues by automating the entire process of book storage and retrieval. For your average library, of course, such a system is unrealistic. But thanks to researchers at Singapore’s Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), librarians may get some robotic help in keeping books in their proper place.
A*STAR roboticists have created an autonomous shelf-scanning robot called AuRoSS that can tell which books are missing or out of place. Many libraries have already begun putting RFID tags on books, but these typically must be scanned with hand-held devices. AuRoSS uses a robotic arm and RFID scanner to catalogue book locations, and uses laser-guided navigation to wheel around unfamiliar bookshelves. AuRoSS can be programmed to scan the library shelves at night and instruct librarians how to get the books back in order when they arrive in the morning.
So that book you sneakily slipped into the wrong spot in the stacks? AuRoSS will find it.
Its creators hope that AuRoSS might relieve librarians of the menial, time-consuming task of hunting down misplaced books. Let’s just hope it doesn’t relieve them of their jobs too.


A grinding machine, or grinder is a widely used abrasive processing process in which a spinning wheel is covered with coarse grains. Cutting pieces of metallic or non-metallic substances from a workpiece to make the surface flat or smooth.
A grinder is a widely used abrasive processing process in which a spinning wheel is covered with coarse grains. Cutting pieces of metallic or non-metallic substances from a workpiece to make the surface flat or smooth.
Machine tool is based on the definition made by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the American Machine Tool Fair (IMTS): "A device that is driven by power and cannot be carried by manpower. The combination of chemical or other methods to achieve the purpose of processing materials can be defined as a machine tool.” According to the different types of processing, the machine tool is divided into dozens of types, what are the differences among them?
A grinding wheel is a tool for grinding. It is composed of coarse-grained abrasive compounds bonded together. After forming a solid round object, grinding and abrasive processing can be performed on a grinding machine. Grinding is a commonly used processing method, which can obtain higher workpiece density and surface quality. Different grinding methods will produce different grinding defects. The most influential factor is the grinding wheel.
A woodworking sander is a tool or machine that uses an abrasive cloth or paper to make the surface of a wooden workpiece smooth.
The principle of grinding precision machining: Grinding is an abrasive precision machining method that uses a lapping tool and abrasive to grind off a thin layer of metal from the surface of the workpiece based on fine machining.
Falcon machine tools said that this time they negotiated with MIKIPULLEY and Ebarashoji, and both parties have agreed to arrange sample shipments and production line visits.
Sharpening, shaping, buffing, stripping, polishing, these are just a few applications possible with a variable bench grinder.
In the field of manufacturing processing, common processing methods include broaching, boring, grinding, milling, etc.
A grinding machine or grinder is an industrial power tool that uses an abrasive wheel for cutting. There are various grinding machine types, each with a different purpose.


Many log homes are built in rural areas with private septic systems. One way to ensure a healthier septic drain field is to limit the amount of kitchen food waste that is discharged into it. If you skip the in-sink disposal and opt for recycling your kitchen scraps as compost, you’ll also save on septic design with a smaller size requirement. With home meal preparation, there are many leftovers and scraps that can be easily composted to provide fertilizer for gardens and landscaping. If your town or municipality has moved to a “Pay as You Throw” program with purchased town trash bags offsetting the cost for waste disposal, composting kitchen scraps can also reduce this cost.
One common way to handle food scraps in the kitchen is with a compost pail. There are many pails available but features to look for include: tight-fitting lid, easy to clean, and sized to hold about a day or two of composted materials. The pail can reside on the counter or be located in an easily accessible spot, like under the sink.
Food scraps that should be placed in the bin include: vegetable and fruit wastes; old baked goods; grains; coffee grounds, tea bags, filters; fruit or vegetable pulp from juicing; spices; egg shells (crush well); and corn cobs and husks.
A larger, secondary composting bin should be started outdoors. Once the collected kitchen scraps are emptied into the larger outdoor bin, you’ll need to sprinkle peat moss or soil over the top to keep gnats and insects from becoming a nuisance. A 4.5-gallon container from the hardware store can provide enough space for the outdoor compost. One tip to keep gnats out is to line the lid with newspaper and replace as it becomes damp or deteriorated.
The composted items will begin to break down in a few weeks, and may need turning or stirring as the compost amount increases. Several companies offer good inexpensive rotating compost bins to make the job easier. And your gardens and plants will benefit as well.


This will be a super short review, mainly because most of the content of this book are formulas. The book starts off with a repetition of basic statistical concepts like random variables, ML estimates etc. Afterwards, Lynch presents the basics of Bayesian statistics. He softly introduces Gibbs sampling and shows why Metropolis-Hasting is useful. Afterwards, Lynch shows different methods to check the model fit, like trace plots. In the last sections he shows how to construct and estimate linear Bayesian models and GLMs. In the last section he shows the power of Bayesian models in hierarchical modeling and introduces you to WinBUGS.
Lynch explains everything in detail and even without advanced statistics knowledge, you can work through this book. It’s really focused on social scientists but approachable for other people. There are several examples and one which impressed me the most was the following:
He took polling data from the Bush vs. Kerry presidential campaign. The polls said that Kerry was leading with 50% against Bush’s 46%. The CI, however, was +/- 3%p, so not statistical significant.
With Bayesian methods, you model the probability distribution that Kerry wins. You will still come to the same result but you can also check other things, like P(Kerry wins < 0.5) which is just about 32%. Later he shows different methodologies to model this distribution, like incorporating past data. Introduction to Applied Bayesian Statistics and Estimation for Social Scientists helped, at least me, to understand Bayesian statistics in more depth and why things like Gibbs sampling and MH algorithm are necessary. If you are interested in Bayesian statistics and like application, than this book is for you!


The role of the adult is not to pave a pathway for the child, but to make sure that the child has what they need to forge their own way. The greatest way for us to support children is to treat them with constant love, trust, and respect. It is so important that each child feels loved just as they are.
Expectations of who a child should be and what choices they should make, often greatly conflict with the direction of their inner guide. Because of this, the child may receive the message that they are not okay as they are, and as a result, they will attempt to change themselves to meet the standards of the adult. When we are able to trust the child, we can relinquish control over their life.
When the responsibility of navigating life is placed back onto the child, the child will learn to listen to and trust themselves. If we constantly make decisions for the child, the child will lose the ability to listen to their intuition and may struggle greatly when presented with choices in life. To respect the child is to acknowledge that they are their own unique individual and may make different choices than the ones we would make. A respectful adult will let the child form their own personality, make their own decisions, have their own experiences, and develop their own values.
Our goal is not to shape the child into a particular type of person, but to let the child figure out what kind of person they want to be. With constant support in the form of love, trust, and dignity, the child is given the immeasurable gift of freedom which allows them to live a life based on internal motivation versus a life guided by external forces. “To serve the children is to feel one is serving the spirit of man, a spirit which has to free itself.” (Maria Montessori, The Absorbent Mind, Holt, p.258)


The Last Ice Age in Europe
www.stb806.de The last glacial period occurred from the period c. 115,000 – c. 11,700 years ago. Erratic boulders, till, drumlins, eskers, fjords, kettle lakes, moraines, etc., are typical features left behind by glaciers which make it possible to reconstruct the ice coverage during the last Ice Age. Many of today’s countries were entirely covered by thick ice sheets for thousands of years. These countries include Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. The big Scandinavian and British ice sheet extended south as far as northern Poland and Germany while also covering almost all of Denmark. At the same time in the eastern regions, the ice spread into the territory of Russia (about 300km west from Moscow) and some northern parts of Belarus. In the west, ice covered almost the entire British Isles, leaving just a relatively small ice-free zone in the south of the United Kingdom. Today, about three-quarters of all the world’s freshwater (14,9 million km2) is stored in glaciers, while during the last Ice Age it was about 3 times more (44,4 Million km2). www.deviantart.com The source populations of Paleolithic humans survived the last glacial period in sparsely wooded areas and dispersed through areas of high primary productivity while avoiding dense forest cover.


They work in conditions much like modern slavery. Some have not yet reached the legal minimum age of 16. They are so desperate for their protests to be heard that they are threatening to go on hunger strike.
Including the migrants who work in Malaysia and other countries in the Middle East, another 6 million domestic workers should be added.
Long days behind closed doors
They work long hours and all for a pittance. There is hardly any way they can report mistreatment or abuse. Working behind closed doors, mostly without a contract, they are extremely vulnerable.
A legislative bill to protect the employment rights of Indonesian domestic workers has been on the agenda since 2010 but has been delayed time and time again. Some domestic workers have become so desperate, that they are threatening to go on hunger strike.
No ordinary employees
Their problem is that they are not considered normal employees and therefore cannot appeal to standard labour rights. In 2011 ILO adopted convention 189 on decent work for domestic workers, which has been implemented by many countries. Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono even pledged his support, as did the Minister of Labour and Migration.
CNV partner organisation SBSI calls on domestic workers to get organised and fight for their rights. SBSI lobbies intensively to get proper legislation approved. SBSI is a member of Jala PRT, the network of trade unions and other organisations that defend the rights of domestic workers in Indonesia, advocating in particular:
• decent working hours
• decent wages
• decent living conditions
• social security
Also, procedures should be put in place for dealing with abusive employers.
Publication date 08 03 2015


Many people in the world today are living with immune systems that are not working at their absolute best. In fact, a body that is at optimal health is designed to fight illness on its own. However many of us are finding ourselves struggling with health problems and the need to take man-made, chemical filled drugs instead.
What is Kangen Water?
Kangen water is a special type of alkaline water which contains smaller molecules, which means they are more readily absorbed by the body. Ordinary tap water or unprocessed bottled waters have larger water molecules which tend to pass through the body without reaching individual cells. Without proper re-hydration, these cells can suffer from a form of cellular dehydration and either die too soon or fail to function efficiently.
Kangen Water also serves as a powerful antioxidant!
Kangen water acts as a potent antioxidant that can help reverse the oxidation effect. It can help aid in the prevention of disease and slow down the aging process.
How exactly can Kangen Water help me?
One of the contributing factors to many sicknesses (i.e. diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, etc.) is having high levels of acids within the body also known as acidosis. Overtime, it can have some very damaging effects on the body, specifically the blood. This is because acidic blood has a harder time circulating which then causes devastating harm to vital organs.
Uses For Kangen Water:
- Flushes Toxins
- Disarms Free Radicals
- Restores body alkalinity
- Increases oxygen in the body
- Enhances delivery of nutrients
- Heart Burn
- Poor Circulation
- Helps with Gout
- High Blood Pressure
- High Cholesterol
- Fights Obesity
- and much more!
Try our Kangen water for yourself and feel the benefits! We carry different size containers for your convenience.


Source Emission Testing BC
Reasons For Source Emission Testing BC
Source emission testing is the process of evaluating the characteristics of industrial waste gas stream emissions into the atmosphere. The emission pollutants that are released into the atmosphere may contain many different pollutant materials. The pollutant materials can be solid, gas, or liquid. Effluent measurements and sampling procedures follow specific test methods to ensure accurate emission data. Test methods are pollutant specific, but can be, sometimes, industry specific depending on the source and jurisdiction, for example, Environment Canada, US EPA or state agencies.
There are several reasons to get source emission testing BC, or anywhere else nearby. Some of the reasons include:
To determine if a process unit is in compliance with existing or proposed emission regulations
To determine the economics of materials or product losses from a source
To provide more precise data to establish air resources management programs, control regulations and inventories
To obtain pertinent data which can assist in the design of control equipment
To gauge continuous monitors
Are you in need of source emission testing BC, or somewhere else nearby? If you are in need of source emission testing or air quality testing BC, contact us, here at Air Research Group Inc.
ARG is a progressive environmental firm composed of engineers, technologists, and technicians with over 100 years of combined air quality testing BC. The team members are considered experts in the field of stack emission testing and flue gas characterization, as well as permitting and compliance. ARG routinely conducts complex emission surveys, engineering research and development studies.


There are several ways to prevent buffer overflow attacks in C++:
- Use secure coding practices: Always write code that follows secure coding practices to minimize the risk of vulnerabilities. This includes validating input, avoiding the use of unsafe functions, and checking boundaries.
- Use safe functions: Use safe functions like strlcpy and strlcat, which have been designed to prevent buffer overflows. These functions always null-terminate the destination buffer, so there is no risk of overflows.
- Limit input size: Limit the size of user input to the maximum size of the buffer. This can be achieved by using input validation, error handling, and boundary checking.
- Use bounds-checking libraries: Use bounds-checking libraries like SafeString and BoundsChecker, which can detect buffer overflows and other memory errors.
- Use compiler flags and warnings: Enable compiler flags like -fstack-protector and -fstack-protector-all to protect the stack against buffer overflow attacks. Also, enable compiler warnings like -Wformat and -Wformat-security to detect format string vulnerabilities.
- Use dynamic memory allocation: Use dynamic memory allocation instead of static memory allocation to prevent buffer overflows. This way, memory can be allocated at runtime, based on the size of the input.
- Use modern programming languages: Consider using modern programming languages like Rust and Swift, which have built-in memory safety features that prevent buffer overflows and other memory-related vulnerabilities.


A methane (CH4) slip is normally un-avoided during biogas upgrading, and water scrubbing is the most widely adopted upgrading technology. As CH4 is also a key greenhouse gas, such a slip can damage the carbon neutrality of bioenergy and result in a positive emission. In order to eliminate the negative influence, a post treatment to handle the released CH4 is essential. Regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) is a commercially available air pollution control technology, and it can be used for the post treatment. This paper aims to analyze the technical and environmental performance of RTO for removing CH4 from the waste gas of biogas upgrading by water scrubbing. A three-dimensional numerical model was developed for the thermal flow-reversal reactor (TFRR). CH4 content in waste gas is investigated as the key factor, and the energy consumption, the amount of CH4 elimination and associated CO2 equivalent avoidance are estimated as key performance. It was found that the higher CH4 content benefits maintaining the operation of RTO. With the increase of CH4 content, the energy consumption of CH4 removal decreases. For example, it decreases from 8.05kWh/kg to 1.22kWh/kg when CH4% rises from 0.28% to 0.42%. The case study on a real biogas plant that produces 3909ton biogas per year shows that removing CH4 corresponds to a CO2 equivalent avoidance of 231.38ton/year.
Keywords biogas upgrading, methane slip, regenerative thermal oxidation, energy consumption, CH4 removal


Vitamin C can kill multidrug-resistant TB in the lab, scientists have found.
The surprise discovery may point to a new way of tackling this increasingly hard-to-treat infection, the US study authors from Yeshiva University say in Nature Communications.
An estimated 650,000 people worldwide have multidrug-resistant TB.
Studies are now needed to see if a treatment that works using the same action as vitamin C would be useful as a TB drug in humans.
In the laboratory studies, vitamin C appeared to be acting as a “reducing agent” – something that triggers the production of of reactive oxygen species called free radicals. These free radicals killed off the TB, even drug resistant forms that are untreatable with conventional antibiotics such as isoniazid.
Lead investigator Dr William Jacobs, professor of microbiology and immunology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University, said: “We have only been able to demonstrate this in a test tube, and we don’t know if it will work in humans and in animals.
“This would be a great study to consider because we have strains of tuberculosis that we don’t have drugs for, and I know that in the laboratory we can kill those strains with vitamin C.
“It also helps that we know vitamin C is inexpensive, widely available and very safe to use. At the very least, this work shows us a new mechanism that we can exploit to attack TB.”
BBC has the full article


International Multidisciplinary Research and Education: A Mountain Geography Perspective
Additional Document Info
Collaborative international research projects represent excellent opportunities for students to obtain unique and life-altering educational experiences. Dynamic interactions with people from a variety of countries, institutions, and departments, in diverse situations, provides students with new perspectives, encourages them to operate in a multidisciplinary environment, and facilitates real-world problem solving. This article discusses important concepts and issues in geographic education that are based upon real-world experiences in the Himalaya Mountains of India and Pakistan, involving undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral research assistants. Multidisciplinary research/education activities reveal the importance of geography in problem solving and scientific inquiry. This work also highlights numerous issues and curriculum challenges required to establish a scientific foundation in geography, as traditional empirical approaches to geographic education and research frequently hide the complexities of dynamic systems and our world. Students require a multitude of perspectives that incorporate cultural and communication experiences, knowledge synthesis, field and laboratory work, and real-world problem solving. International research experiences can address some of these requirements, so that students can effectively solve problems in an increasingly international and multidisciplinary world. This personal article incorporates numerous examples from physical geography and geographic information science. 2009 National Council for Geographic Education.


Author: Optimum Health Rehab
To have a healthy brain, it requires certain nutrients to keep it healthy. We’ve all heard the saying, with age comes wisdom. But aging doesn’t only increase wisdom, it also declines memory. As we grow older, we might start noticing we forget where we’ve placed certain items like our keys or phone. Brain aging is normal; it ages along with our physical appearance. But you can minimize brain aging.
Here are the best ways to minimize brain aging cognition decline
- Be physically active – Exercising benefits not only your physical health but also your brain health.
- Keep socially and intellectually active – Memory games, puzzles and other leisure activities involved with strategies or needed with the help of the brain are definitely recommended. One must be able to people around him or her as well, it helps stimulate the brain.
- Proper nutrition – Eat real food and avoid processed convenience foods.
- Get enough sleep – The brain gets tired and weary, killing brain cells and thus accelerating cognitive aging. Sleep is how we refresh and rejuvenate.
Have a Healthy Brain, Healthy Mind!
Wondering if you have a healthy brain? Get your self checked by a doctor from Optimum Health Rehab. Call us at 877-704-1761 or fill this form to schedule a consultation.Wellness


Rocket Lab will try to catch the falling first stage of its Electron rocket with a helicopter today (May 2) shortly after the launch of 34 satellites in a key reusability test. Watch it live here. Read more.
'ISS Live!' Tune in to the space station
Find out what the astronauts and cosmonauts aboard the International Space Station are up to by tuning in to the "ISS Live" broadcast. Hear conversations between the crew and mission controllers on Earth and watch them work inside the U.S. segment of the orbiting laboratory. When the crew is off duty, you can enjoy live views of Earth from Space. You can watch and listen in the window below, courtesy of NASA.
"Live video from the International Space Station includes internal views when the crew is on-duty and Earth views at other times. The video is accompanied by audio of conversations between the crew and Mission Control. This video is only available when the space station is in contact with the ground. During 'loss of signal' periods, viewers will see a blue screen.
"Since the station orbits the Earth once every 90 minutes, it experiences a sunrise or a sunset about every 45 minutes. When the station is in darkness, external camera video may appear black, but can sometimes provide spectacular views of lightning or city lights below."
Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.
It could also be more issues for stargazing too :)
Each progress about space was and will be exciting! I wish to see days when base set up on the moon.


About This Course
Mobile application development involves the unique processes and techniques in creating software for small devices including smartphones or other handy gadgets. The mobile application development roots trace back to the history of traditional software development. Mobile applications apps get manufactured to benefit from the distinct features of a mobile device. Let us take an example of the iPhone’s mobile health app that got written to cherish the pros of a smart watch’s temperature sensor. Nowadays the most favored mobile platforms are iOS manufactured by Apple and Android by Google. The mobile devices from Apple get prefilled with needed apps that include an Apple App Store and a web browser. On the other hand, Android has stored apps and an opportunity to install more through Google Play Store.
Types of Mobile Applications:
In the early years, manufacturers thought that the only way to guarantee to make an app that performs seamlessly is through developing it natively. By natively I mean it had to be written by new codes for a specific device’s processor. Before manufacturing an app, we need to identify which type we will be creating. Certain types of mobile app development technologies are;
- Native applications: These applications cost more than other technologies but also enable us to customize features. The native applications get manufactured by putting use to integrated development environments. The languages used to come from either Apple iOS or Google Android.
- Progressive web apps: This type of website is capable of behaving and appearing like a mobile app. PWA’s get developed using technologies such as Facebook React.
- Encapsulated apps: These apps work within a container app. Software like Microsoft Power App drag and drop app can help developers less experienced to develop mobile apps fast. However, the relative newness and isolation from core OS can become a problem.
- Frameworks and Libraries: This code enables developers to accelerate the development of a mobile application.


Spellings Part 1 – One Word or Two?
Unfortunately, the spellchecker (one word according to Oxford, by the way) in Word doesn’t catch all our errors, especially if we hyphenate words or it doesn’t agree with the style guide we’re using (in my case the New Oxford Style Manual). Below is a list of ten spellings that I have come across in my work and which sometimes cause difficulties. This is the first of the spelling lists in the bite-sized tips series.
- each other = two words
- time frame = two words, so timeframe and time-frame are incorrect, even though the Microsoft spellchecker is quite happy to accept this as one word.
- well-being = hyphenated, so well being and wellbeing are incorrect
- insofar as = two words (and not three or four)
- electrotechnical and electrotechnology = one word, so electro-technology and electro technical, etc., are not correct
- twofold = one word
- online = one word, so on line and on-line are not correct
- web page = two words, lower case
- website = one word, lower case. Am I the only one failing to see the logic here?
- attn = for the attention of. There is no point after the “n” because this is a contraction in which the middle of the word is omitted. As we keep the last letter, attn. = incorrect. We generally add a point to abbreviations, which lose the end of the word.
Bite-sized Tips No. 1: Common Mistakes Part 1
Bite-sized Tips No. 3: Spellings Part 2 – Ten You Should Know
This post was first published on 26/2/2014 on my previous blog.
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Randomised scientific trials have proven that people who eat greater quantities of added sugar, particularly sugar-sweetened drinks, have a tendency to achieve extra weightand have a better threat of weight problems, kind 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemias, hypertension, and heart problems.
Main sources of added sugar in adults’ weight loss plan included sugar-sweetened drinks (37.1 p.c), grain-based desserts (13.7 p.c), fruit drinks (8.9 p.c), dairy desserts (6.1 p.c), and sweet (5.8 p.c), in line with a research revealed in BMJ.
The research added: “With the proof of upper added sugar consumption and adversarial well being outcomes accumulating, the American Coronary heart Affiliation really helpful that whole energy from added sugar ought to be lower than 100 energy/d for most ladies and fewer than 150 energy/d for many males.
“Our evaluation means that members who consumed higher than or equal to 10 p.c however lower than 25 p.c of energy from added sugar, had a 30 p.c greater threat of CVD mortality; for many who consumed 25 p.c or extra of energy from added sugar, the relative threat was almost tripled.”
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Through primary schools to universities, there is a huge demand for fast, reliable and secure Wi-Fi solutions. With large numbers of students online at the same time, all relying on the internet, it is important this infrastructure is fully supported. Connectivity within schools allows students to collaborate, share documents and work together effectively, as well as encouraging students to work outside the classroom and take their work home with them.
Students get the most out of their education when the resources they’re using are working hard for them, with no interruption or interference. Using a secure Wi-Fi solution engages students and enables them to experience a more interactive way of working. Education is rapidly moving to a more mobile world, with iPads and tablets becoming the norm within the classroom. Wi-Fi is no longer a nice to have, but a necessity.
Help creativity come alive and exploration begin. Where children now become more digitally literate and develop their learning through technology.
An interactive environment for collaborative, engaging and developing digital journeys. Relying on a secure, reliable and fast connection to encourage students to learn.
Where students work together across a range of locations, moving from project to project and room to room, with the need to stay constantly connected.
With students using their own devices and many being online at the same time, their Wi-Fi must ensure work without disruption; enabling results.
Connecting all Academies with the area to the same network allows for seamless roaming between each site, keeping schools connected to each other.


What is Cardio?
Cardio is an aerobic exercise that involves sustained physical activity. Examples of such activities are running, biking, walking, swimming, and aerobics. It is often referred to as “cardio” because it uses the body’s cardiovascular system—that is, the heart, lungs, and circulatory system—to increase the rate of oxygen uptake.
Does Cardio Burn Fat?
The short answer is yes. Cardio exercises can help you to burn fat and lose weight. This is because they burn more calories than exercises that focus on one muscle group at a time. So, when you are doing cardio regularly, you will be burning calories that come from your fat stores.
Recommendations for Doing Cardio to Burn Fat
To get the most out of your cardio workouts, there are a few things to keep in mind. First, choose exercises that get your heart rate up for at least 30 minutes. Examples of this kind of cardio include running, jogging, cycling, swimming, and jumping rope. Second, don’t just focus on one type of cardio. Try to mix it up with different types of exercises to ensure you are challenging your body. Third, increase the intensity of your workouts as you get stronger. This will ensure that your body continues to work hard and that you continue to burn fat. Finally, make sure to drink plenty of water, eat a balanced diet, and get enough sleep. These simple steps can help you to stay healthy while you get the most out of your workouts.


Did you know that a honey bee has 5 eyes? These five unique eyes empower them to have the fastest color vision in the Animal Kingdom. In order for them to produce honey, bees have to forage for nectar. Their powerful color vision which is 5 times faster than ours makes it easier for them to harvest nectar from flowering plants even as the wind blows the flowers back and forth in the air. Honey bees have the ability to distinguish different species of flowers effortlessly.
The five eyes are divided into two categories namely;
Bees have two large compound eyes like many insects. Each compound eye consists of thousands of tiny lenses known as facets. The exciting part is that each of these tiny lenses plays important parts in a honey bee’s vision. Each facet sends its own signal to the bee’s brain for interpretation. Drones and workers have a total of 8,600 and 6,900 facets respectively interestingly, every single facet is connected to its own tiny tube which has a total of eight cells. Each of these cells responds to light differently. Four are structured to respond to yellow-green light,2 to blue light and one to ultraviolet light. Each compound eye consists of 150 groups of facets referred to as ommatidia.All these things allow bees to have the fastest color vision even when flying fast. Bees can use their two compound eyes to distinguish polarization patterns within its habitat. Their two amazing compound eyes allow them to find their way home without depending on the sun.
Every honey bee has three extra eyes known as ocelli or simple eyes. These eyes are positioned at the upper part of their head. Amazingly, these eyes are designed to form a unique triangular pattern. While compound eyes are big, simple eyes are relatively tiny. Each of the three eyes consists of single lenses which are meant for easy navigation using sunlight, and for stability. The ocelli play a vital role in enabling honey bees to detect ultra-violet light and colors. While simple eyes are not designed for images vision, honey bees use them to interpret polarization patterns in the sky. They also enable them to detect ultraviolet light effectively. Despite their tiny nature, these eyes are highly effective in sending signals when danger looms nearby allowing honey bees to escape from their predators swiftly.
Bees have amazing vision that is completely different than ours. These bees are highly capable pollinators that help us farm more food for our growing populations.
Pingback: 5 Eyes – A Study | Beekeeping365


Flame Spread Along Fences Near a Structure in a Wind Field
Kathryn M. Butler, Erik L. Johnsson, Marco G. Fernandez, Mariusz Zarzecki, Eric Auth
Combustible fences have been identified in post-fire investigations of wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires as potential threats to homes and other structures. They may ignite due to direct fire contact or firebrands, they may conduct fire along their length, and they may become sources of firebrands themselves. The fire threat to structures posed by nearby fences in a WUI fire was studied in a series of field experiments. Flame spread rates and firebrand ignition characteristics were obtained for a fence in front of a structure in a wind field. A western redcedar fence assembly was placed perpendicular to the wall of a small structure, separated from the structure by distances of 0 m, 0.30 m, 0.91 m, or 1.83 m. A wind field of 11 m/s aligned along the fence was generated by a large fan modulated by a flow straightener. The rate of flame spread for the fire moving continuously along the base of the fence was found to be a strong function of separation distance, with spread rates nearly an order of magnitude faster for 1.83 m separation distance than for either 0 m or 0.30 m. For each separation distance, a time delay was observed before firebrands began to ignite spot fires in the mulch bed next to the structure. After the first spot fire was observed, several others followed quickly. In every case except one, spot fires carried the fire to the structure wall within 7 min. In the exceptional case, little spotting was observed, and the fire took over 20 min to reach the wall.
Fire Safety 2017 - International Conference on Research and Advanced Technology in Fire Safety
, Johnsson, E.
, Fernandez, M.
, Zarzecki, M.
and Auth, E.
Flame Spread Along Fences Near a Structure in a Wind Field, Fire Safety 2017 - International Conference on Research and Advanced Technology in Fire Safety, Santander, -1, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=922111
(Accessed June 10, 2023)


expeditionary learning, field trip, hands-on learning, montessori, montessori philosophy, school, travel
Most students go on field trips. Some go on one or two trips each year, and others, like many Montessori school students, go on many. “Going out” is an important aspect of the Montessori curriculum. As adults – teachers and parents alike – we often enjoy these trips soaking in the sights, information and wonder of what each experience has to offer. Do children feel the same way? What is the reason for field trips? Many educators wonder about this very question. Some state that field trips are simply a change of scenery, offering no “real” learning. Others feel they are a distraction, and still others contend they open the eyes and ears of their students. What makes the difference?
In order to fully consider this question, one must return to the question of the purpose of education. Is the goal to convey the same designated body of knowledge to all students or to expose students to ideas, opening doors and provoking a sense of wonder? Field trips are no different. When children visit the fire department or the orchard, the goal is to show them a little slice of life, to help them understand the world beyond their school, home or neighborhood. They are learning about others, the work they do and the place that hold in their lives. Visiting a museum or attending a play allows them to experience culture in various formats and to look beyond their everyday world. The field trips they have today are the building blocks for future experiences throughout their lives.
Education, in the classroom or in the form of a field trip, has the higher purpose of showing the world to students. Each time they visit a new place or learn more about the world, they are building their understanding of their place in the world. They explore ways to contribute to the world and ask questions about it. Our goal is not to simply have students memorize a body of facts or to recall where the pumpkins are planted or the names of the paintings viewed. It is instead to help them see the world today, tomorrow, and many different days and times throughout their years in school and beyond.


Why do this project?
The most effective way to destroy people is to deny and obliterate their own understanding of their history – George Orwell
In other writing projects, children will have described past events and turned them into Memoirs and Autobiography. They will have also written histories of those close to them or those who are part of their community through our People’s History project. They will have written the Biographies of those who inspire them too. Throughout this time, children will have begun to understand that story-telling, hyperbole and memory can result in history being more subjective than it can sometimes appear in the non-fiction texts they read. Couple this with social media, ‘fake news’ and the ever-growing dismissal of the ‘expert’, and children learning how to explain phenomena using evidence is more important than ever.
In this project, you will discuss how historians try to explain and give an opinion on the past by using evidence (such as primary sources) to account for it. Don’t forget that the children should be well prepared for this type of writing since they have written Information and Explanation texts for several years now. However, the move from retelling to accounting is still a profound one in the development of apprentice historians.
This project is different because the texts will not be a simple retelling of events organised in chronological order, nor are they a simple retelling of events. Instead, writers will have to explain what they think the factors were that produced a certain outcome and the consequences of it. Ultimately, it is about cause and effect – after all, everything happens for a reason and has repercussions.
This class writing project provides you with:
+ Comprehensive teacher notes:
- Suggestions for both year group and whole school writing progression
- Advice for teachers on how to write great mentor texts
- Over 40 writing study and functional grammar mini-lessons
- Suggested book list for your classroom library
+ Our popular and photocopiable child-facing Genre Booklet which includes:
- Year 6 purpose and audience writing wheel
- Publishing and performance menu
- 3 exemplar texts
- Idea generation techniques
- Dabbling and drafting advice
- Revision checklist
- Editing checklist
+ Our quick guide to teaching writing
Please note this is a digital resource. After successful payment, PayPal will automatically redirect you to your download.


Daily Devotional – May 7
Did you know that one species of ants herds aphids? These dairy ants protect aphids in order to “milk” them for food. A common type of dairy ant is the cornfield ant. Before winter arrives, these ants collect corn-root aphid eggs and store them in their tunnels. In the spring, these aphid eggs hatch, and the ants herd the young aphids to the roots of young wild plants while they wait for the fields’ corn seeds to germinate. Once the corn germinates, the ants herd the aphids to the corn roots, so the aphids can feed on them. If the weather is bad, the ants carry the aphids underground for protection. When an ant wants a drink, she will stroke the aphid with her antennae causing a sweet liquid called honeydew to be secreted from the aphid. The ant is “milking” the aphid. The aphids benefit by being protected by the ants, and the ants benefit by receiving honeydew from the aphids. Both ant and aphid benefit from this relationship; this is called symbiosis. How did this relationship come about? They needed each other to survive. God’s fingerprints are even over the tiniest creatures of His creation.
Great is the LORD, and greatly to be praised….
~ Psalm 48:1
Source: "Pearls in Paradise" by authors Bruce Malone and Jule Von Vett
References for this devotional.


A kidney stone is a hard object that is made from chemical in the urine. Urine has various wastes dissolved in it; when there is too much waste in too little liquid, crystals begin to form. The crystals attract other elements and join to form a solid that will get larger unless it is passed out of the body with the urine. In most people, having enough liquid washes them out, or other chemicals in urine stop a stone from forming.
Some kidney stones are as small as a grain of salt while others can be as large as a pebble. A few can become the size of a golf ball. The kidney stone starts to hurt when it causes irritation or blockage.
Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) is the most common treatment for kidney stones. SWL is a nonsurgical technique for treating stones in the kidney or ureter (the tube going from the kidney to the bladder). High energy shock waves from outside the body are targeted at the kidney stone causing the stone to fragment, making them small enough to pass in urine
You will be positioned on an operating table. A soft, water-filled cushion may be placed behind your kidney. The body is positioned so that the stone can be targeted precisely with the shock wave. The complete treatment takes approximately 45 minutes to an hour. Sometimes, surgeons insert a tube into the bladder and thread it up to the kidney just prior to shock wave lithotripsy. These tubes, called stents, are used when the ureter is blocked, when there is a risk of infection and in patients with intolerable pain or reduced kidney function.
AFTER THE PROCEDURE:
The recovery time is usually brief. Soon after the treatment, patients can get up to walk fairly soon. Many people can fully resume daily activities within one to two days. Special diets are not required, but drinking plenty of water helps the stone fragments pass. For several weeks, you may be asked to stain your urine as you pass stone fragments.


The disciple is not above his master
Or "more excellent", as the Syriac, Arabic, and Persic versions render it; that is, in learning and knowledge; if the master is ignorant, the scholar will be so too; and thus it is with teachers, and their people under their care; if the leaders are blind and ignorant, those under their instructions will remain so likewise. These words are an illustration of the preceding parable, and are used to another purpose here than in ( Matthew 10:24 ) . (See Gill on Matthew 10:24)
but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.
The Vulgate Latin reads it, "every one shall be perfect if he is as his master"; that is, if his master is a man of general learning, and a complete scholar, if he is like him, he will be so too: the Persic version renders it, "every disciple that desires perfection shall be as his master": whoever is ambitious of being a thorough scholar, and is diligent and industrious, by all ways and means, to obtain such a character, shall be even as good an one as his master, under whom he learns, and better he cannot well expect to be; and this is sufficient; and so the Ethiopic version renders it, "is it not enough that every one be as his master?" agreeably to ( Matthew 10:25 ) (See Gill on Matthew 10:25)
Maimonides F9 has an expression much like this:
``he that learns, shall not be greater than he of whom he learns, but shall be, (wtwmk) , "as he".''Christ, in this last clause, seems to design his own disciples, who, when perfect in knowledge, which is not to be expected in this state, unless in a comparative sense, will be like himself.


Stroke symptoms usually come on suddenly, and each person’s symptoms can be different. The warning signs of a stroke are:
Weakness and numbness in the face, arms, and legs are usually on one side of the body
Difficulty speaking or understanding
Vision problems, such as blurring or loss of vision in one or both eyes
Dizziness, problems with balance and coordination
Problems with movement or walking
Fainting or convulsions
Severe headache for no apparent reason, especially if it occurs suddenly
Other less common symptoms of stroke include:
Sudden nausea and vomiting, not caused by a viral illness
Short-term loss or change in consciousness, such as fainting, fainting, confusion, seizures, or coma
Transient ischemic attack
A transient ischemic attack (TIA), also known as a mini-stroke, can cause symptoms similar to those of a stroke. But the symptoms of TIA are passing. They can last a few minutes or up to 24 hours. If you suspect a stroke or TIA, seek immediate medical attention.
FAST, the National Stroke Association’s acronym, can help you quickly determine if someone is having a stroke.
F (Face): Ask the person to smile. Does one side of his face droop?
A (hands): Ask the person to raise both hands. One arm down?
S (Speech): Ask them to repeat simple phrases (such as “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks”). Is speech slurred or difficult to understand?
T (Time): Call 911 immediately if you experience any of these symptoms.
If you or anyone else has any of these symptoms, act FAST and call 911. Time lost to stroke.


Adding a header to a Microsoft Word document doesn't set the text in stone; you can go back and edit the header to amend or add information at any time in much the same way as the body text, headings, pictures or other content in the rest of the document. By default, the header text or image appears on every page of the document, so adding another line of text to an existing header will change the header throughout the document. Add a line to your document's header with the Edit Header tool in Microsoft Word 2013.
Double-click anywhere inside your document's existing header area to launch Word's header and footer tools. Alternatively, click the "Insert" tab, select "Header" in the Header and Footer tools group and then click "Edit Header" in the drop-down menu.
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Click the page at the end of the existing header line and then press the "Enter" or "Return" key to insert a line break. Type the additional header line. Word propagates the change across the entire document, adding the extra line to the header section on every page.
Adjust the distance between the top of the document and the header. Enter or select with the arrow button your preferred distance in the "Header from Top" input field that you'll find in the Position tools under the Design tab. Adding extra space above the header is sometimes useful in large printed documents where a staple or fastener might obscure the header text as the reader turns pages.
Highlight the header text if you want to change the font face or style the text. Select your preferred font face, size, colors and styles using the Font tools under the Home tab. Using bold or underlined text is useful if the header also serves as a document title or subtitle that needs to stand out.
Click the "Design" tab on the main menu ribbon and then select the "Close Header and Footer" button to close the tools and return to the main document. Alternatively, double-click anywhere on the main body of the document to exit the tools.
Save the document to store all changes.


CNC MachiningEuro Metrics CNC Machining
- CNC precision machining is used in the production of many complex, three-dimensional shapes. This process is more accurate than manual machining. It also features exact repeatability, repeating the same process with identical precision every time.
- With the ability to deliver precision, this process can produce complex shapes that would be almost impossible to achieve with manual machining. Because of its accuracy, close tolerances and repeatability, CNC machining is used in jobs that call for a high degree of precision as well as for very repetitive tasks.
- Advantages of CNC Machining:
- Lower costs for labor and materials
- Speed of production
- Complex shapes easily achieved
- Increased accuracy
- Part consistency
- Tight Tolerances: +/- .0001″
- Rapid prototyping
- Materials used for CNC Machining:
- Carbon Steel
- Ductile Steel
- Grey Iron
- Stainless Steel
Our services are dedicated for large-series production inquiries.
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How is the rock cycle and the water cycle similar?
Answer: The processes are condensation, precipitation, evaporation and transpiration. The rock cycle and water cycle overlap with erosion, transporting, and deposition. Life decomposes and releases carbon back into the soil, which eventually becomes sedimentary rock.
What is the relationship between a cycle and rocks?
The rock cycle explains how the three rock types are related to each other, and how processes change from one type to another over time. This cyclical aspect makes rock change a geologic cycle and, on planets containing life, a biogeochemical cycle.
How are rock types related to the rock cycle?
The rock cycle is a concept used to explain how the three basic rock types are related and how Earth processes, over geologic time, change a rock from one type into another. Plate tectonic activity, along with weathering and erosional processes, are responsible for the continued recycling of rocks.
How is the water cycle similar to the nutrient cycle?
Both of these are nutrient cycles, by which the nutrients (water and carbon) move across the various compartments of Earth. Both the cycles use plants as an integral component. The water cycle uses plants for uptake of water and transpiration from the surface, so that water can be sent to the atmosphere.
How are the systems and cycles of the ocean related?
The ocean and Earth’s systems and cycles 1 Hydrosphere 2 Atmosphere. 3 Biosphere. Life also thrives in the dark ocean depths. 4 Geosphere 5 Water cycle. Liquid water enters the ocean through rain, rivers and melting ice. 6 Carbon cycle. Water and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the ocean and the atmosphere. 7 Rock cycle.
How does the sun affect the rock cycle?
Ans. The two main forces that provide energy for the earth’s rock cycle are the sun and the internal heat of the earth. While the sun provides energy for weathering, erosion, and transportation, the earth’s internal heat helps in the processes like subduction, melting, and metamorphism.