Healthy Built Environment Linkages Toolkit
Download the 2018 Healthy Built Environment Linkages Toolkit now available! Download it at the BC Centre for Disease Control's website.
How can local governments link planning principles to health outcomes?
The Healthy Built Environment (HBE) Linkages Toolkit, developed by the PHSA Population and Public Health team in partnership with the Healthy Built Environment (HBE) Alliance, is the first evidence-based and expert-informed resource that links planning principles to health outcomes.
Intended to inform built environment design and decision-making, the Toolkit summarizes health evidence related to five key features of the built environment (neighbourhood design, transportation networks, natural environments, food systems, and housing).
By referring to the HBE Linkages Toolkit, local governments can quickly understand key factors related to the built environment that influence health in their community, and planners can access a reliable summary of the health evidence that will support their daily work.
The HBE Linkages Toolkit is different from other toolkits because it provides a framework for thinking and talking about health and the built environment without prescribing which actions to take. The Toolkit is intended to be a conversation starter between planners, public health professionals, and local governments regarding “what” to do. Other resources such as PlanH complement the HBE Linkages Toolkit by offering solutions about “how” to plan and design healthy built environments.


The Age 7 Sweep examined mid-childhood experience of schooling alongside childhood health, childcare, education, social and family circumstances.
Interviewers visited the cohort members’ homes and conducted face-to-face interviews with both parents. Parents also answered some questions via self-completion. Information collected from parents covered family composition, housing, parental health, employment and income, parenting attitudes and activities, cohort member’s health, child behaviour and development, leisure activities, schooling and child care arrangements.
Cohort members, for the first time, completed a short paper questionnaire on their own, about their lives, school, relationships and attitudes.
The interviewer conducted a number of age-appropriate cognitive assessments with the cohort member. These included a repeat (from age 5) of both the Story of Sally and Anne, and Pattern Construction (British Ability Scales). They also conducted assessments of Word Reading (British Ability Scales) and Progress in Maths (developed by the National Foundation for Educational Research).
Cohort members’ height, weight, waist circumference and body fat were measured.
The cohort members’ class teachers completed a postal questionnaire. This collected information on the development and behaviour of the cohort child from their teacher’s point of view, as well as providing additional information about the child’s study environment.
Cohort members wore an activity monitor for seven days after the home visit to understand physical and sedentary behaviours.
Parents were asked to post cohort members’ shed milk teeth to the study, in order to assess levels of lead exposure.
Parents were asked for permission to link administrative data covering health records for cohort members, parents and siblings; education records for cohort members and siblings; and economic records for parents.


Confronting contentious issues
The works of Titus Kaphar ’06 M.F.A. and Gonzales-Day on view in “Unseen” draw attention to the overlooked experiences and contributions of black Americans during the nation’s founding. They critique the absence of the black experience in portraits of celebrated historical figures such Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson.
Archer said the exhibition could change visitors’ perceptions of other works on display at the National Portrait Gallery and the conjoining National Museum of American Art.
“It is particularly interesting to have this exhibit at the National Portrait Gallery because the works of both artists are confronting histories of painting and image making and how they build narratives around power,” Archer said. “Some of Titus Kaphar’s paintings explicitly reference paintings that people can see elsewhere in the museum. The same is true of works by Gonzales-Day.”
Archer, who studies painting and printmaking, designed a program to encourage museum patrons to consider other works in the museum in a new context. Visitors would take photos of works on view in “Unseen” and then photograph other works and think about conversations that arise out of comparing the works.
She consulted with the exhibition’s organizers — Taína Caragol, curator of painting and sculpture and Latino art and history, and Asma Naeem, curator of prints, drawings, and media arts — about the programming they developed around “Unseen.” Archer will help to create programming around “Reckoning with ‘The Incident’: John Wilson’s Studies for a Lynching Mural,” an exhibition scheduled to open at YUAG in January 2020. The exhibition’s centerpiece, “The Incident,” is a mural by Wilson depicting a black man being lynched by the Ku Klux Klan as an African American family watches — the father grasping a rifle as he angrily glares at the murderers.
“What I’m trying to do while in D.C. is think about how ‘Unseen’ is dealing with contentious issues in American history, particularly Ken Gonzales-Day’s works dealing explicitly with lynching, and think about we might approach similar issues raised by John Wilson’s work,” she said.
To read full article visit YaleNews


“Wagasa” – A Traditional Beauty to Pass Down for Generations
The wagasa Japanese umbrella is made with a framework of natural materials, such as wood, bamboo and thread, and is wrapped with washi Japanese paper. Those used in the rain are called “ban-gasa” or “janome-gasa”; others include “hi-gasa” for avoiding the sun and “mai-gasa” which is used for dancing.
Wagasa is said to have been created after the tengai canopy imported from China around the Heian era, along with other cultural artifacts, including Buddhism and Chinese characters. Tengai was used by noble families as an awning or protector against evil and later developed independently in Japan. Initially wagasa did not open or close like the present model. From the Kamakura to Muromachi eras, however, a model that could be opened or closed with the use of a stick or other tools was developed. Later it began to be used as rain gear when the washi was coated with waterproofing oil.
It was in the Edo era when wagasa became widely common among the general public. Wagasa was enhanced with the addition of a mechanism for easy opening and closing. It was also when the Daikoku-ya store in Osaka started its production of the “Daikoku Bangasa”. For its sturdiness and affordability, the Daikoku Bangasa became popular when it was distributed in Edo and began to be referred to as “bangasa” throughout the city.
Wagasa production was reduced in the Meiji era when Western-style clothes became mainstream, and imported umbrellas became more commonly used. Nowadays, wagasa can only be seen at traditional Japanese restaurants, ryokan inns, and tea ceremonies, and the number of wagasa craftsmen is decreasing. The elegant and beautiful wagasa is however a Japanese traditional craftwork to be passed down for generations.


The history of Mennonites in Russia has been marked by successful frontier community development followed by heartbreaking persecution and flight. There were four major waves of emigration from Russia — the 1870s, the 1920s, the 1940s and the late 1980s to early 1990s. Harold Jantz’s new 720-page book is not another overall narrative. It is a primary-source reference work consisting of every article about Mennonites in Russia that appeared over two years, 1929 and 1930, in Mennonitische Rundshau, a German-language periodical in Winnipeg, Man. Jantz, himself a son of Mennonite refugees from Russia to Canada, undertook the arduous task of editing and translating the articles from German into English. [excerpt from February 4, Mennonite World Review by James C. Juhnke]
Learn more about it from these reviews:
• full review from February 4, 2019 Mennonite World Review by James C. Juhnke
• CommonWord BookStore and Resource Centre
• Mennonite Heritage Museum
We do not presently have a copy of this book in our collection, but would welcome a donation. Our growing library collection is dependent on the generous donations of the members and friends of Pacific Northwest Mennonite Historical Society and authors and publishers who are able to contribute.


Theodore Roosevelt played two main roles in the Spanish-American War. First, as a member of the government, he pushed for the US to be prepared for the war and for the US to get involved in the war in an aggressive manner. Second, once the war actually broke out, Roosevelt famously raised a volunteer regiment called the Rough Riders and served as the second-in-command of the unit.
In the time just before the Spanish-American War, Roosevelt was the Assistant Secretary of the Navy. Roosevelt believed strongly that a war with Spain would be a good thing for the US. He felt that war would be morally good for the country because it would make the country tougher. He felt that war would be good for the US in more material terms because if the US played its cards correctly, it could take territories around the world. This would allow the US to have naval bases from which it could project power. For these reasons, Roosevelt argued for war. He also worked hard to make sure the Navy would be ready if war broke out. Finally, he messaged Admiral Dewey, commanding US forces in Asia, and ordered him to take the Philippines if the US went to war with Spain. In these ways, Roosevelt helped prepare the US for war and he helped push the country towards involvement in the war.
Once the war began, Roosevelt wanted to play a more direct part in it. He badly wanted to test his own masculinity and valor by actually fighting in a war. In order to accomplish this, he obtained permission to form the Rough Riders. With them, he fought in Cuba, making his name as a military leader. Thus, Roosevelt directly participated by fighting in the war.


The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body and one of the most common causes of leg pain. The term sciatica is used to describe the symptoms of pain occurring in the leg and lower back. Some use the term specifically to mean a nerve dysfunction caused by compression of one or more lumbar or sacral nerve roots from a spinal disc herniation.
When the liquid center of a disc bulges outwards, herniation occurs. The bulged disc can then tear against external ring fibers, contact the spinal canal, and compress a nerve root against the lamina or pedicle of a vertebra. This causes sciatica. The liquid extruded when this happens can cause inflammation and swelling of the surrounding tissue which can further compress the nerve root into the confined space of the spinal canal.
Sciatic pain typically runs through the lower back and down the sciatic nerve through the leg and can even run all the way down to the foot. Numbness, tingling, burning, and pricking sensations are all symptoms that may occur in cases of sciatic injury.
Sciatica is caused by compression of lumbar nerves, sacral nerves, and/or the sciatic nerve. Sciatic damage can be permanent, thus it is important that you seek medical attention if you are suffering from these symptoms.


Regulation is the compilation of all activities which contribute to ensuring that professionals practice in a safe, competent, and ethical manner.
Self-regulation means that the government grants a group of professionals the privilege and responsibility to regulate their own conduct in order to protect the public from harm that may occur during the course of providing professional service.
The Manitoba government has granted audiologists and speech-language pathologists the privilege and responsibility of self-regulation, and the regulatory body is known as the College of Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists of Manitoba (the College). Self-regulation acknowledges that audiologists and speech-language pathologist themselves are in the best position to regulate the professions effectively because of the specialized body of knowledge they possess; external regulation is less effective and efficient.
Three key mechanisms are applied to meet the College’s responsibilities to self-regulate:
- Audiologists and speech-language pathologists are involved in determining the rules that govern the professions by electing, from amongst themselves, representatives to Council;
- The Minister of Health appoints public representatives to Council, ensuring full, meaningful, effective public participation in the governance of the College;
- Audiologists and speech-language pathologists are accountable for their own professional conduct respecting the rules of the College, with the College providing assistance and oversight.
The privilege of self-regulation is maintained because the College upholds the public interest and refrains from activity that may be perceived to have a professional self-interest. The College upholds the public interest by:
- Establishing and maintaining criteria for registration with the College. This ensures that those who are granted registration as either audiologists or speech-language pathologists are qualified and competent to practice,
- Setting and maintaining the standards of practice and a code of ethics that registrants must adhere to ensure safe, competent, ethical service,
- Receiving complaints about the practice or conduct of registrants; resolution is determined following fair investigation, and appropriate remedial or disciplinary actions are prescribed as required.


KENT, England — “No pain, no gain” may be the mantra of many coaches, but how athletes get through the pain can be brutally difficult for many. Perhaps the breath can make all the difference. A recent study finds that athletes utilizing mindfulness practices can improve their pain tolerance and overall awareness while rehabilitating from injuries.
Researchers from the University of Kent say the findings could have major implications across the field of sports medicine when it comes to treatment plans. Often times, the injuries that athletes suffer have long-lasting physiological and psychological effects that are much more difficult to treat and deal with than the actual injury itself.
For the study, the Kent researchers tested 20 athletes — 14 male, six female — in their twenties or thirties who had suffered a severe injury that prevented them from participating in their respective sports for three months or more. These athletes were split into an intervention group and a control group for the study. The control group received their normal rehabilitation treatment, while the intervention group added a 90-minute mindfulness meditation session once per week for the eight-week study period.
The authors measured pain tolerance using a Cold Presser Test, and other methods were used to measure mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, and mood.
When comparing the control and the intervention groups, the researchers found that pain tolerance increased, as did mindful awareness, in the group that added the mindfulness sessions. Both groups saw their moods improve as treatment went on. Stress levels decreased among participants.
The study utilized a specific, common meditation technique based on Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), as an intervention for injured athletes, the first study to do so.
“Injured athletes can benefit from using mindfulness as part of the sport rehabilitation process to increase their pain tolerance and awareness. Further research is required to assess whether increasing pain tolerance could help in the therapeutic process,” the authors concluded.
The study was published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology.


USB interfacing for AVR microcontrollers
Since the release of V-USB, dozens of projects have been made that allow an AVR to communicate over USB. USB data signals are supposed to be in the range of 2.8 to 3.6V, so there are two recommended ways to have an AVR output the correct voltage. One is to supply the AVR with 3.3V power, and the other is to use 5V power but clip the USB data signal using zener diodes. Most implementations of V-USB, like USBasp, use the zener diodes. I’ll explain why using a 3.3V supply should be the preferred method.
Pictured above is a capture of D- line on a chinese USBasp, showing one of the 1kHz SE0 idle pulses. The idle voltage is close to the 2.8V limit because this particular USBasp uses a 2.2K pullup resistor to +5V. Using a 1.5K pullup as is recommended on the V-USB site puts it closer to 3.2V, which is the high voltage level from the host.
To determine how the signal is read by the AVR, we can look at the ATmega8A input threshold graphs at section 28.8 of the datasheet.
For more detail: USB interfacing for AVR microcontrollers


Locomotive engines are loud due to the nature of these big machines. This puts the conductors and drivers at risk of occupational noise exposure. In order to minimize the risk of these workers suffering hearing loss, the Federal Railroad Administration has set standards that all railroad companies and employees must follow.
The railroad industry closely follows the guidelines set by the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) for hearing preservation. One of the requirements is that if the noise level reaches 90 dBA, hearing protection for workers is mandatory. For engineers, however, it is optional unless they are exposed for at least an eight-hour weighted average period to that noise level.
It is up to the railroad to train employees on auditory protection. They must also provide the hearing protection for the conductors, engineers and others to use. Typically, the railroad must also have dosimetry and audiometry for the area and personnel. Records of the readings must be kept.
Individuals in this industry have to undergo testing for their hearing once every three years at a minimum. This leaves long periods between tests in which hearing might worsen. The testing is still important because it might provide information about when the hearing loss began.
If you’re a railroad worker who is subjected to noise exposure at work, your hearing loss might be compensable under the Federal Employers Liability Act. Working with an experienced attorney can benefit you as you fight for the compensation you’re due. Your lawyer can help to tie the work conditions to your hearing loss to the harm you suffered.


Texas Households Pay Less for Energy as Power Grid Uses More Natural Gas
Wed, January 03, 2018
Since 2008, power generation from natural gas in Texas has increased by 17 percent, from more than 193 million megawatt-hours (MWh) to nearly 226 million MWh. Over that same period, residential electricity prices have fallen by nearly the same amount, or 16 percent.
The household savings have not been limited to electricity. From 2008 to 2016, the average price of natural gas delivered to Texas consumers – which is often used for home heating – has decreased by over $2.00 per thousand cubic feet (Mcf), a drop of nearly 15 percent.
John Tintera, President of the Texas Alliance of Energy Producers, attributed the lower power prices to technological innovation and the Texas regulatory system.
“Growing reserves, new geologic trends to be developed, a safe and successful regulatory framework based on State oversight, new research and applied technology, and an infrastructure that is expanding to meet consumer demand guarantees that natural gas will be a go-to fuel for Americans and all our global citizens well into the future,” Tintera said.
Increased production from shale fields in Texas, Pennsylvania, and other states – spurred by technologies like hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling – has unlocked a surplus of affordable natural gas. In 2012, the United States overtook Russia as the world’s largest natural gas producer, and earlier this year natural gas overtook coal as the country’s top fuel source for electric power generation.
A recent study from researchers at Harvard University found that low natural gas prices saved the average American household $800 in 2014. The researchers projected those savings would increase to $1,070 per household by 2030.
In Texas, natural gas makes up more than half of the state’s electric power capacity. As a result, the price of natural gas is the primary driver of household electricity prices.
Wholesale energy prices in Texas also hit a record low in 2016, due “primarily” to lower natural gas prices, according to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas.


Foliar symptoms specific for ozone stress in southern Brazil
The toxic effects of tropospheric ozone concentrations on plants have been reported primarily for ecosystems from the northern hemisphere with a mediterranean, temperate or boreal climate. In the southern hemisphere with its tropical climate, the impact of ozone on natural ecosystems and cash crops is still mostly unknown. The principal objectives in this project are to analyze and validate leaf injury by ozone stress in native C3 (Astronium graveolens, Anacardiaceae; Croton floribundus, Euphorbiaceae; Piptadenia gonoacantha, Fabaceae) as well as cultivated C4 (sugar cane) widespread tree and herbaceous species from the Mata Atlantica and cultivated areas in southern Brazil and to relate the structural responses to tropical climate as well as species specificities. The phytotoxic potential of ozone stress is evaluated by means of controlled exposure experiments as well as field surveys. Ozone-like injury in foliage is validated using different methods in light and electron microscopy. In addition to verifying the impact of ozone on representative species of Southern Brazil, the results should indicate whether the approaches and criteria used in regions at higher latitude are also valid in the case of tropical environments. They will also shed light on the similarities and differences between C3 and C4 plant species regarding the structural responses to ozone stress.
2011 - 2017


Beautiful poems to say Goodbye
What is a Funeral Poem or Eulogy Poem
Samples of Eulogy poems are a convenient way to find the right way to express oneself when somebody passes on. A poem in the eulogy is a dedication from a family member or close friend to the deceased. At the funeral service, you will recite the eulogy poem, or print the poem in the funeral program.
Inspiring funeral poems remind us to live our lives in a manner that respects the enduring love and her legacy. There are lots of beautiful pieces of poetry, readings, and verses that can enhance a funeral service or ceremony whether it is religious or not.
Do Not Stand At My Grave and Weep
Here are a few examples that could help:
Do not stand at my grave and weep
I am not there.
I do not sleep.
I am a thousand winds that blow.
I am the diamond glints on snow.
I am the sunlight on ripened grain.
I am the gentle autumn’s rain.
When you awaken in the morning’s hush,
I am the swift uplifting rush
Of quiet birds in circled flight.
I am the soft stars that shine at night.
Do not stand at my grave and cry;
I am not there.
I did not die.
She/He is gone
You can shed tears that she is gone
Or you can smile because she has lived
You can close your eyes and pray that she will come back
Or you can open your eyes and see all that she has left
Your heart can be empty because you can’t see her
Or you can be full of the love that you shared
You can turn your back on tomorrow and live yesterday
Or you can be happy for tomorrow because of yesterday
You can remember her and only that she is gone
Or you can cherish her memory and let it live on
You can cry and close your mind, be empty and turn your back
Or you can do what she would want: smile, open your eyes, love and go on.


by Richard Uhlhorn
April Slagle’s Environmental Studies 202 Class joined Lake Chelan Research Institute’s Phil Long to sample the beach adjacent to Chelan Ranger District for Eurasian Asian Clams, and to learn how to use an underwater Remote Operational Vehicle to explore the near shore littoral zone for invasive species.
The Asian Clam sampling takes place within a one square meter zone. The students dig down into the substrate and then sift through the recovered material for evidence of clam populations.
In 2019, students found 99 live clams within the square meter. On Friday, April 1, the students found evidence of the Asian clam but no live clams. This puzzled Dr. Long who suggested that the sampling area was too near the shore and that farther out might deliver different results.
Ken Gordon, ROV operator, introduced the students to the ROV’s operation and gave the students an opportunity to operate the device. Dr. Long hopes to obtain funding to purchase enough coaxial cable to take the ROV to the deepest part of Lake Chelan where no one has ever visited before.
Invasive species into Lake Chelan has become a huge concern of the Research Institute and the Lake Chelan Watershed Planning Unit. While Eurasian Clams are already present, other invasive species like the Zebra and Quagga mussels, if accidentally introduced, would create a massive and destructive situation that would eventually cost millions to reverse.
With so many watercraft owners visiting Lake Chelan, the National Park Service is funding a May through November mobile water craft inspection program on weekends and during tournaments like the Lake Chelan Hydroplane races. Currently the grant is for one year but can be extended for an additional three years.
The Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife is operating boat inspection services at the main borders into the State. These include Spokane, Portland/Vancouver, BC, and CleElum.
There are other near shore issues being investigated by the Research Institute including the development of algae along the shorelines in the lower Wapato Basin and the increase presence of milfoil which is now estimated at 20 acres.
Check out the Lake Chelan Institute’s booth at this Saturday’s Earth Day Fair.


BioLava - substrate for aquatic plants
A natural volcanic aggregate substrate for aquatic plants.
BioLava is a mixture of porous volcanic rocks used as a substrate and bedding for aquatic plants in water reservoirs or a component of biological filters in ornamental garden ponds. It provides excellent conditions for the development of aquatic plants, and in aquariums it can additionally be used as a decorative bedding. BioLava is characterized by a large surface area and a porosity of up to 47%.
- Promotes the growth of aquatic plants and develops healthy root systems;
- A pure natural mineral mixture with a fraction of 2-16 mm;
- Does not change pH and CH parameters;
- Absorbs ammonia and nitrogen compounds;
- Contains a lot of micro and macro elements;
- For use in all types of water reservoirs;
- An excellent substrate for biofilms;
- Substrate porosity of up to 47%;
- The product is sold in a 25 L bucket;
- Available in large 1 m3 bags on request;
- 1 m3 of substrate weighs 820 kg.
Usage: soak well, then mix with sand and clay. Spread the resulting mixture over the immediate vicinity of the roots of a plant. A 25-liter package is sufficient for about 10 m2 of the bottom of a water reservoir. This substrate can tint the water and light colored gravel, so it is recommended to completely cover BioLava with washed BioKalonit. In bathing ponds, bentonite should be used to protect BioLava from direct contact with flowing water.
GOOD TO KNOW
The high porosity of the mixture provides a favorable habitat for large amounts of beneficial bacteria that support the filtration and self-purification processes of water.
The substrate for aquatic plants includes: volcanic aggregate, chabazite-type zeolite, and volcanic lava with a high mineral content.
The volcanic zeolite contained in BioLava inhibits the growth of algae and removes toxic ammonia from the water. Volcanic lava is an ideal substrate for the roots of aquatic plants.
BioLava ingredients are obtained only from selected and tested volcanic deposits of the highest quality and purity. BioLava is currently the best substrate for aquatic plants.
Recent research shows that volcanic lava can release some phosphorus into the water. Phosphorous is essential for the proper growth of aquatic plants, but excess phosphorus can cause algae growth.


Frog pond is a small man-made pond in the Boston Public Commons. The pond is a perfect place for kids to cool off in the summer, and a great place for winter skating.
The pond is very shallow as it roughly a foot deep.
A description from a map near the Park Street Station:
Frog Pond, curbed 1826, is the sole survivor of three ponds on the Commons. The Frog Pond was the scene in 1848 of an extravagant "Water Celebration" inaugurating the city's public water system.
Ten things I learned about Frog Pond.
- When Boston Common was founded in 1634, the frog pond area was simply a watering hole for cows that were roaming around the Commons.
- In 1848, the city installed a water fountain inside the pond to commemorate clean water flowing to Boston. This was a big event and hundreds of residents turned out to the opening ceremony.
- July 7, 1859, An elephant, owned by Sam Rice, bathed in Frog Pond. Many years when the Circus came to town they let the Elephants play in the water.
- In 1898, the pond officially became a swimming area. (This is probably when Elephants were no longer allowed into the Pond.)
- According to the Friends of Boston Commons, this year was the earliest that the Frog Pond skating rink opened.
- Each year there is a Frog Pond Skating Spectacular during the Boston Common Tree Lighting ceremony.
- For many years, the Park Commission would just fill the pond with water and let it freeze. There was no enclosure
- There was no skating on the pond during much of the 1980s. On January 5, 1989, skating returned to the Commons with a more formal skating area.
- Cost $6 for adults to skate on the pond, and skates may be rented for $9. At Rockefeller Plaza, in New York City, it cost $25 to skate on the ice and rentals cost $12.
- Bobby the skating Seal is available to help kids build confidence to skate. Kids simply push the Seal while they skate on the ice.


Cyber attackers are using a new technique called “push harassment." After obtaining someone's password, attackers send a verification (or “multifactor authentication”) request to gain access to the user’s accounts. If the first request is ignored, the attacker sends multiple requests in order to bother/annoy the user into accepting the authentication request. Often, when a user receives many requests to authenticate their identity, they assume that a system is trying to reconnect and accept the request, allowing the attacker into their account.
In our ongoing efforts to combat malicious access to university accounts, the IT Security Office has adopted new Verified Duo Push standards. This new set of preventative controls helps block attacks on university systems. Most users will not see an impact to the way you login to university systems. You will continue to enter your Network Username and password at a university site/portal. You will be asked to verify your identity through the Duo app, a text message, or a phone call.
If suspicious activity is suspected on your account, you will be asked to verify your identity by entering a code, into the Duo app. The code will be displayed on the device you are using to login. The process is illustrated in the screenshot below. You will not be able to enter the code via text message or phone call; it must be entered into the app. This extra step helps prevent malicious activity because attackers will not have access to the user’s login device and app simultaneously.
Students, faculty, and staff who bypass geolocation controls on their computers will most likely be asked to use Verified Duo Push standards.
Over the past few weeks, the university experienced seven compromised accounts due to push harassment. These hacks resulted in 60K malicious emails sent to internal users. The introduction of Verified Duo Push standards will assist in stopping future attacks.
if you do not have the app installed on a device you frequently use, please download it immediately. To download the free Duo app, visit the App Store associated with your device. Information on using the Duo app can be found in the IT Knowledge Base. If you need additional assistance, please contact the IT Service Desk at 803-777-1800 or submit a ticket.


This 3D-printed tetralogy of Fallot anatomical model is a one-of-a-kind product. We created this model for medical professionals seeking a greater understanding of this condition or to educate their patients on the condition and possible treatment options.
The model also provides a visual aid for medical students learning about the condition and its effects on the heart. The product is very durable, and will withstand regular handling and observation. It is lightweight and portable as well, making it easy to transport and use in various locations.
This model represents the heart of an adult born with tetralogy of Fallot. With an accurate and extremely detailed representation of the anatomy and the defects, users will gain a comprehensive understanding of this heart’s state. We colored the replica to show the features of this heart, including venous blood, arterial blood and surgical artifacts. This model brings the condition to life in your classroom.
If you like this model, you may also be interested in some of our other cardiac models.
WHAT IS TETRALOGY OF FALLOT?
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart condition characterized by four distinct heart defects, including a ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, and a hypertrophic right ventricle. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 1 in 2,518 babies in the U.S. are born with tetralogy of Fallot. Despite the complexity, treating newborns with this condition with surgery can help ensure they live a healthy life.


July was the Earth's hottest month on record, which comes on the heels of the news that 2014 was the hottest year on record, and the ten hottest years in recorded history have all occurred since 1997. We are all doomed to a pan-fried future—the "pan," being planet Earth, and the "fried" being our civilization—but all that really matters is that the lobsters are fleeing Long Island. Will no one consider the lobster[s]?
According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, last month's average temperature was 61.86 degrees Fahrenheit across the globe, which is the highest this planet's seen since the administration started recording temperatures in 1880. Not that scientists think things were any warmer pre-Industrial Revolution—indeed, NOAA says this might be the hottest month in 4,000 years, and 2015's on track to be the hottest year ever. But hey, keep air-conditioning those sidewalks! Pavement hates feeling sweaty.
Meanwhile, as the world burns, the Long Island Sound is getting too hot for lobsters, who are reportedly fleeing farther up north so they don't bake in the damn ocean. In 2013, commercial fisherman only netted 112 metric tons of lobster, as opposed to the 4,000 metric tons they picked up in 1996.
"The Long Island lobster population is in a tragic decline,” Adrienne Esposito, exeuctive director of Citizens Campaign for the Environment, told CBS 2. “One of the leading factors is the water temperature increase in the sound. And as it increases, it makes it inhospitable for the lobsters. They’re a cold-water species."
Other non-human creatures that are dying while our horrible species kills the Earth include bees, polar bears, sea turtles, GIANT PANDAS, elephants, whales, and these adorable penguins. Human dignity is also at risk, considering this man is in the running for leader of the free world.


The lifetime of a borrow pit converted into a water storage pond may be curtailed if it is filled with high sediment-rich water flows. To prolong its life, a number of measures are recommended:
- Locate borrow pits in areas with protected watersheds and low silt content in the runoff feeding the borrow pit. This may not always be possible, but the health of the catchment may be a consideration in siting the borrow pits.
- Seek vegetation in the most critical sediment runoff areas if well-protected watersheds are unavailable.
- Take measures to trap sediments before they reach the converted borrow pits. Install sediment traps or employ vegetative measures.
- Maintain sediment traps and vegetative measures that can fill up quickly. The sand in the sediment traps can sometimes be repurposed for use as building material or agricultural soil and may be harvested and sold.
7.4 Borrow pit management
Converted borrow pits need to be well managed to:
- Regulate use of the borrow pit, which is particularly important in times of scarcity.
- Avoid contamination that makes the water unfit for use.
- Undertake basic maintenance and protection, such as protecting vegetation, cleaning sand traps, controlling entrance by livestock, and undertaking periodic de-siltation (see above).
It is important to regulate the future ownership of the borrow pits in combination with storage facilities. The land used for digging the borrow pits may have been privately owned at one time. It is important that ownership of the borrow pit is settled and that the original landowner is compensated.
A local committee or local government should look after the water source and attend to its access, protection, and maintenance. To the extent possible, management committees should not be ad hoc but linked to a legitimate local government.
If a committee is in place, it can also mobilize the resources to conduct maintenance work. There are several possible arrangements for fundraising by a local committee, such as:
- Charging for use of the converted borrow pit, or
- Dividing the maintenance work among users who each take care of a section of the pond.


The falcon chicks born about four weeks ago on a ledge outside the Evanston Public Library met their fans inside the library this noon.
About 100 people, many of them children, gathered in the library’s third floor reference room to watch as workers from the Field Museum and the Shedd Acquarium brought them down from their high perch.
Top: The first bird banded, a female named Marigold. Above: Matt Gies of the Shedd Aquarium heads out onto the window ledge with a ladder to retrieve the birds. The bike helmet is to protect against the chance of being attacked by the chicks’ protective parents.
An anxious parent rests for a moment atop the Carlson Building.
While the birds’ parents alternately swooped around screeching or perched across the street atop the Carlson Building, the experts got to work placing bands on the chicks’ legs so they can be identified through their lives and taking blood samples to test their DNA.
Preparing to take a blood sample.
Hinting at the complexity of the birds’ social lives, one said it sometimes turns out that the daddy on the nest isn’t the chicks’ biological daddy.
Geiss passes the male chick, dubbed Gribley, to Hennen.
Mary Hennen of the Field Museum told the spectators that, in the world of birds of prey, females tend to be larger than males — so that’s how they decided which bird should be Marigold and which one should be Gribley, names chosen in a contest for kids run by the library.
After their moment in the spotlight, the birds are returned to their nest on the ledge. At right is the computer and webcam that provide a live feed documenting their young lives.
The birds’ bodies are nearly full grown at this point, but they have to wait several more weeks for their flight wings to grow out before they can leave the nest on their own.
Falcons have been nesting at the library for nearly a decade now.


Happy FAQ Friday!
Today’s frequently asked question is:
“What is radiant cooling, and how does it work?” 🤔
Radiant cooling is a technology used to cool buildings based on heat extraction via cold surfaces. The HVAC industry refers to this technology as “radiant cooling,” but scientifically speaking, you can’t radiate cooling since heat always travels to cooler surfaces. Technically speaking, this is still thermal radiation, but it is the reverse of what most people think of when they hear the word “radiant.” With a radiant cooling system, occupants feel cooler because the thermal energy of their body is being transferred to the cool water flowing within our panels.
As the cool water heats up, it is pumped out of our panels and is replaced with more cold water. This continues as needed to cool the space.
Radiant cooling is like walking into a cave on a warm day. The cave walls are colder than your body temperature. Therefore, you begin to radiate thermal energy to the cave walls and, as the cave absorbs your thermal energy, you feel cooler. ❄
Have any questions or concerns about radiant cooling? Let us know in the comments!
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The Ancient Forgotten City of Giants Has Been Finally Discovered In The Jungle Of Ecuador
The Amazon rainforest is supposed to be the cradle of a large human race. For as long as they can remember, the Aboriginals have been praying.
Thousands of stories have been written about the lives of these creatures. And how they’ve altered the world as we know it.
A group of investigators and intellectuals flew all the way to Ecuador to check or refute these assertions.
They requested a few Native Americans to assist them. However, they were taken to a secure area that only they knew about. The Aboriginals in this region performed strange ceremonies to calm the giants’ spirits.
During their research, they stumbled upon a vast megalithic construction made up of massive rocks weighing about two tons apiece.
Not only that, but the tops of each rock were as smooth and flat as they could possibly be. As a result, the specialists quickly assumed it was a Native American ceremonial instrument.
This was often used with them since altering two tones is not an easy process when you have little knowledge of computers or technology.
Perhaps much more intriguing is the fact that the structure was clearly constructed using a variety of tools. They also have equipment that is no longer in their arsenal.
Bruce Fenton, the study team’s leader, has said. That these tools constitute proof of the existence of giants.


Everyone experiences a dental problem at some point, but you can easily avoid most of the common problems experienced by Americans. Here’s a quick rundown of some of the most common issues and what you can do to avoid them.
- Bad breath: Make sure you’re also brushing the surface of your tongue during your oral hygiene routine, as this is where most odor-causing bacteria lives.
- Gingivitis: Let’s review your family history and see if you’re at risk of gum disease. You should also make sure to floss regularly and keep your teeth cleaning appointments.
- Yellow or discolored teeth: Coffee, tea and red wine are the most common causes of discolored teeth. You can avoid these beverages or use an over-the-counter whitening system to keep your teeth as bright as possible.
- Tooth decay: Tooth decay is the result of sugar and starch residue left on the surfaces and between the teeth. Thorough and consistent flossing, brushing and rinsing helps you avoid cavities.
- Bruxism: Also known as “grinding your teeth,” bruxism can be the result of misaligned teeth, a jaw injury or stress. We can typically diagnose bruxism during your checkup exam and will help you find both the cause and the cure for this common problem.
Prevention is always preferable to treatment, and Livonia Family Dental is happy to be your partner is the goal of holistic dental health.


Essential oil is a volatile and concentrated liquid, which is extracted from the different parts of plant such as leaves, stems, roots, wood, bark etc. Essential oil is regarded as the real essence of nature in the form of oil. It is quite possible that the term oil being used in the essential oil can give you the sticky feeling. But, it must be noted that essential oil is not at all sticky like other edible and synthetic oils.
In present scenario, maintaining healthy life through naturopathy is gaining popularity among the people. And, aromatherapy is regarded as an art of healing and maintaining a healthy life. Aromatherapy make use of natural extracted products such as Wholesale Essential Oils, carrier oils etc. But among them essential oil is the key ingredient used in aromatherapy.
Essential oil, in aromatherapy is used to cure various health problems such as cold, arthritis, pain, anxiety, stress, skin problems and various others. There are different types of essential oil available in the market, each one with its distinct feature of healing and curing.
As they are naturally extracted, thus they are expensive than other oils. The price of each essential oil depends upon the country in which plant is grown, rarity of the plant and the quality of the distiller being used while extracting oil.
The use of essential oil is just not restricted up to aromatherapy. Rather, there are several other uses of essential oil such as:
oas Air freshener
oin perfumery industry
ofor maintaining health
oin cosmetic products
oas a repellent
Essential oil embraces of such aroma which strike directly to the brain; after that supplied to different parts of body. Essential oil plays a crucial role in maintaining emotional well being in a person.
A blend of essential oil is also used in aromatherapy. In these blend, different types of essential oil is mixed together. The advantage of using blend of essential oil is that the person is not needed to purchase or use essential oil individually. Rather, he can take benefits of different essential oil at once.
While purchasing essential oil, the person must make sure that he is not buying an essential oil of inferior quality as it can put adverse effect on the health of the person. Sometimes, it is also seen that using pure or undiluted form of essential oil can cause irritation to certain people. So, in such case they must consult a doctor as soon as possible to avoid undesirable circumstances.


THE FUTURE OF TECHNOLOGY: ALEXA COULD SAVE YOU FROM A HEART ATTACK
India roughly constitutes for 1/5th deaths caused globally by cardiovascular attacks. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is considered the leading cause of death throughout the world. But thanks to the University of Washington for creating this tool to combat cardiac arrests.
The University of Washington has created a new tool which constantly monitors its surroundings for signs of gasping sound known as agonal breathing. Called the support vector machine (SVM), it can continuously monitor its surroundings for signs of a heart attack and call for help if something appears to have gone wrong
“The good news is that if you can detect these agonal breathing sounds, you can almost double or triple someone’s chance of survival if you’re going to give them immediate CPR,” Shyam Gollakota, a professor at the University of Washington and one of the authors on the study.
“We envision a contactless system that works by continuously and passively monitoring the bedroom for an agonal breathing event, and alerts anyone nearby to come provide CPR. And then if there’s no response, the device can automatically call 911,” He added.
In the process of obtaining audio for their algorithm, the researchers relied on real 911 calls of cardiac arrests. A total of 236 agonal breaths were extracted and then they were re-captured through smartphones and smart speakers with other household sounds like sounds of snoring, AC, pet sounds. The researchers then used machine learning techniques to grow the number of heart attack-indicating breaths to more than 7,000. For the control group, they used 83 hours of audio data from sleep studies to derive 7,305 sound bytes of normal sleep sounds.
The machine learning algorithm was then put to the test. The tool correctly identified the telltale gasping breath 97 percent of the time. The ordinary sleeping sounds were misclassified 0.14 percent of the time.
The worldwide launch of this service is still to be seen. It is still one of the most remarkable technologies that will become indispensable for millions of people in the future.


Watercolor pen, a painting tool. Watercolor pen is a commonly used drawing tool for children. It is usually sold in a box of 12, 24, and 36 colors. The pen tip is generally round. The two colors are not easy to reconcile. They are generally suitable for drawing children’s drawings. They can also be used as markers. .
The advantages of colored pens are rich colors and bright colors, but the disadvantages are that they take a short time, have uneven moisture, unnatural transition, and the two colors are not easy to reconcile together, so they are generally suitable for children’s painting. Some color pen shells can also be divided into several vertical watercolor tanks, and each tank is filled with different watercolors, so that the color pen can write different colors of calligraphy and calligraphy or calligraphy and calligraphy with different patterns at a time, and the color can be any Adjusted, one pen can write large characters or large areas of calligraphy and painting at a time, and the color changes are rich, which is more suitable for the creation of calligraphy and calligraphy, improves the painting effect, and helps improve students’ interest in learning and the level of calligraphy and calligraphy.


The Difference Between Friction and Interlocking Kelly Bars
Kelly bars are necessary tools in hydraulic rotary drilling rigs to make boreholes in the earth. You can use two types of kelly bars for this task: friction and interlocking. Keep reading to learn the difference between friction and interlocking kelly bars and how each one is used in the field.
What Is a Friction Kelly Bar?
A friction kelly bar is a tool used with an auger to drill through clay, silt, and loose sand or gravel. This tool transfers crowd force and torque from the rotary drive tool to the drilling tool or auger. In other words, a friction kelly bar provides an extension to the auger to increase the depth of a borehole.
What Is an Interlocking Kelly Bar?
An interlocking kelly bar is another tool you use with an auger, but it differs from its counterparts. You would use this tool to drill through weak or strong rocks or stones. You can lock this tool with a mechanical locking system to hold the auger and the interlocking Kelly bar in place.
What Is the Difference Between the Two?
Each Kelly bar performs similar functions when employed. However, how they attach to your auger alters. You can guess that friction kelly bars make frictional contact between the rail of each element on the auger while the interlocking kelly bar attaches through drive ribs. This is the main difference between friction and interlocking kelly bars, but each is used in various soil conditions, as mentioned previously.
Are Kelly Bars Used for More Than Drilling?
These two kelly bars can perform another task on the construction site besides drilling boreholes. You can install utility anchors to support and stabilize a foundation with a kelly bar adapter. However, you must ensure the kelly bar adapter is compatible with the type of Kelly bar you attach to this tool.
The bottom line is to use a friction kelly bar if you’re drilling through clay or silt and an interlocking kelly bar if you’re drilling through loose rock for maximum torque.


A study conducted by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) highlighted the importance of affordable housing for Canadian families. It concluded that moving into one’s own home leads to major improvements in housing conditions, child well-being and school performance, health, and personal and family life. Follow the link for the full study.
The study is based on the results of a 2012 Canada-wide survey of families who purchased a home through the Habitat for Humanity Canada since 2000. It showed that children benefit significantly from living in their own home. Overall well-being and school performance improved with the majority reporting increased confidence and behaviour, higher grades and better attendance.
Living in one’s own home has a positive impact on health with 78% of the Habitat home buyers reporting that their own health and the health of their families is ‘better now’ than in their previous, mostly, rental housing.
While many participants said their housing costs increased since becoming home owners, the majority also said they were better off financially and had more financial control.
Finally, home owners are engaged community members. The study found that new Habitat families’ participation in volunteer activities increased from 52% to nearly 61% since purchasing a home.
Ontario REALTORS® understand the importance of affordable housing. Since 1967 OREA members have been active supporters of a variety of shelter-based charities including Habitat for Humanity through the REALTOR® Care Foundation. Since its inception, the Foundation has granted more than $2-million on behalf of the Ontario REALTORS® to shelter-based organizations across the province.
REALTORS® are also vocal supporters of governmental policies that ensure Ontario homes stay affordable. While the Toronto Real Estate Board is championing the fight against the Toronto land transfer tax, OREA is actively voicing its concerns to the province in efforts to prevent a potential spread of this tax to the entire province.
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The practice of putting bells on one’s sheep is no longer widespread in the UK, however there is some evidence that it was once much more popular in the UK than it is today, and sheep bells still seem to be used in other parts of Europe. The sounds of sheep bells featured in a podcast by TEAM WOVEMBER member, Felicity Ford, and we would be very keen to hear from shepherds about why you do/don’t think it is a good idea to keep bells on your sheep.
And here the sea-fogs lap and cling
And here, each warning each,
The sheep-bells and the ship-bells ring
Along the hidden beach.
Kipling: Sussex by the Sea
Barclay Wills describes the same practice on the Sussex Downs, where sheep bells were especially useful to keep track of sheep inclined to stray in the heavy mists of the region, but for the Downland shepherd as for his French counterpart, the bells were also used for the sheer pleasure of their music.
Bells came in many shapes and sizes and were chosen with care. There were canisters and cluckets made of iron and plated with brass, and wide-mouthed iron bells. The note and pitch of these bells was an accident in the making, not intetional, indeed a bell might have two notes as the clapper struck both sides as the sheep moved. Cup bells were made of bell metal and were deliberately made in tune, whilst lattern bells were originally part of sets of harness. Crotals or rumblers were spherical shells with a slit and a round ball of metal loose inside – rather like a bigger version of a cat bell.
Dee Duke & Rowena Edlin-White, Woolgatherings for dyers and spinsters, A Shepherd’s Miscellany, No. 9, published in Nottingham, 1996
Beautiful sheep bell collection at the Woollen Mill at Filkins, photo © Felicity Ford


1Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine
Erysipelas is an infectious disease that affects dermis and subcutaneous layer of the skin. Most infections are due to streptococcus while S.aureus, gram-negative pathogens or enterococcus are less common. One in three patients have complicated erysipelas. The most common local complications: abscesses, skin necrosis, bullae, thrombophlebitis. Meanwhile systemic complications are rare. Secondary to infection, elephantiasis and necrotiziing fasciitis can occur. A long lasting and challenging complication is recurrence of the disease. Aim: To analyze complications, risk factors, treatment options of erysipelas in literature.
Methods: Literature search was performed using Pubmed and ClinicalKey databases. 27 articles related to the topic of this work were selected and analyzed.
In case of frequent episodes of erysipelas, prophylactic antibiotic therapy and avoidance of risk factors are recommended. Literature review has shown that erysipelas complications are associated with patients‘ comorbidities, delayed or incorrect treatment of skin wounds and infections, lifestyle factors. Diabetetes mellitus, immunosuppresion, lymphedema, deep vein thrombosis, malignancies, hepatic, renal, heart diseases, elephanthiasis, smoking, alcoholism, lack of hygiene – all increase the likelihood of complicated erysipelas. Obesity is thought to be the most important risk factor for complicated erysipelas. Delayed or incorrect empirical treatment, increased inflammatory test results are all associated with more severe disease progression. Complicated erysipelas can cause worse disease outcomes, prolong hospitalization and antibioticotherapy time. Therefore, it is important to start penicillin monotherapy in time before complications occur and if there is no response to treatment adjust antibiotic therapy according to the culture results, if needed use invasive treatment methods.
Keywords: Erysipelas, cellulitis, complications, risk factors, treatment.


On this page a calculation is attempted to determine how many neurons need to survive for cryonics to work. The flaw in this approach should be obvious when the author writes :
According to The Stroke Association, a stroke is a brain injury with effects which may include difficulty thinking, learning, concentrating, remembering, making decisions, reasoning and planning. Rehabilitation consists of relearning skills, not having your brain recover naturally.
So a reasonable position is that the cryonic chilling process should cause less damage to the brain than a stroke
The debilitating effects of a stroke are the result of the (delayed) neuronal death that follows an ischemic insult to the brain. In cryonics, biochemical or freezing damage to cells does not necessarily produce irreversible cell death because damaged cells are stabilized by cold temperatures. As such, morphological preservation of brain cells can co-exist with loss of viability. Therefore, securing viability of brain cells is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for resuscitation of cryonics patients. Future cell repair technologies are assumed to infer the original viable state of the cells from their morphological properties.
This does not mean that conventional stroke research does not have any relevance for evaluating the technical feasibility of cryonics. Extensive delays between the pronouncement of legal death and the start of cryonics procedures could alter the structural properties of cells to such a degree that meaningful resuscitation is even problematic with advanced nanomedical cell repair technologies. This is one of the reasons why Alcor complements the cryopreservation process with stabilization procedures to secure viability of the brain after pronouncement of legal death.


Process yield measures are metrics used to better understand process yield. These metrics should be able to reveal even the smallest inefficiencies in the process in to order to improve process efficiency and capability. Process yield measures are basically obtained by dividing good product units produced by the number of total units entered the process. Many companies use two metrics to measure the total process yield; final yield and rolled throughput yield.
This process yield worksheet can be used to calculate both final yield and rolled throughput yield. Final yield will only look at the volume of the produced units at the end of the process. Rolled throughput yield on the other hand will be calculated at each process step, and consequently, it substantially less than final yield. Rolled throughput yield provides a better insight of defect and rework rates, and considered an accurate reflection of the process performance.
This calculator runs in Excel, and you can use and modify it to suit your specific needs. For example, you may want to add more process step fields if you have many process steps to be included. You may also want to consider the calculation of rework rates and other measures.
This worksheet is supported by two process capability tables; one for the long-term capability and the other for the short-term capability. Other capability metrics can be calculated based on the entered data, such as Sigma level, DPMO and CpK.
Process Yield Calculator (20 KB)
Process Yield Calculator Example (20 KB)


Python not implemented exception
This exception is used during development to indicate that in that place you need to implement some functionality. As always, to learn how to fix any kind of exceptions we start with checking exceptions on https://fixexception.com/ or StackOverflow.
However this time I want to give a detailed explanation on certain exceptions.
For example method in a subclass.
Let's define a parent class:
|def __init__(self, speed):|
|self.speed = speed|
|raise NotImplementedError('You need to implement this method in %s.' % self.__class__.__name__)|
And some child classes which will inherit all methods:
Now let's try to create a class instance and run a method from the parent class:
|rabbit = Rabbit(speed=20)|
in run raise NotImplementedError(NotImplementedError: You need to implement this method in Rabbit.)
So it says that you are using a method that actually is not implemented, so most likely you have to implement it in Rabbit class.


The giving of the Torah is a logical paradox. If the Torah consists of a body of truths know only to God who gives it to human beings, then by definition the Torah is beyond human comprehension and thus unintelligible! And if the Torah consists of a body of truths that human beings can discover themselves, then the giving of the Torah by God is unnecessary. Either way, the giving of the Torah is a mystery.
Maimonides escapes the paradox by asserting that the laws of the Torah could have been intuited by human beings who were up to the task, but only over a prolonged period of time. Since God required a more immediate change in human conduct, He gave the Torah to the Jewish people who would serve as the custodians of His instructions.
In arguing for both the comprehensibility and rationality of the Torah, Maimonides was actually following the teaching of the great third century Palestinian authority, Rabbi Yohanan, who concluded that: “if the Torah had not been given us, we could have learned modesty from the cat, honesty from the ant, chastity from the dove, and good manners from the rooster” (Eruvin 10b). Each of these animals, Rabbi Yohanan assumed, had certain obvious character traits that could be discerned empirically by human beings and adopted for better living. However, this raises a different problem.
Human beings may learn the wrong lessons by the same process of observation. It is conceivable that people would learn manners from the pig, licentiousness from the dog, pride from the rooster, and timidity from the dove. Left on their own, human beings could model their behavior on the worst aspects of animal behavior. Such was the thinking of Thomas Hobbes whose sixteenth century apology for absolute monarchy was based on the assumption that without an all-powerful totalitarian government life would be “a war of all against all.”
The Torah is indeed sensible. It is not beyond human comprehension. Much of the Torah could have been discovered by the wise and perceptive. Yet on the real chance that human beings may have miscalculated, God gives the Torah to preempt the possibility.


Scotland’s new MSPs should commit to free bus travel
Free bus travel is an idea which is spreading rapidly and growing in popularity. Cities around the world are bringing it in to reduce car travel, help out those on the lowest incomes, and make their towns and cities greener, healthier, better places to live.
In the 2021-2026 parliament session, the Scottish Government needs to make some positive changes to our transport system in order to meet our climate commitments. Free bus travel needs to be at the top of the list.
Making buses free for everyone will:
- Make buses a more attractive and affordable low carbon option, compared to polluting alternatives like private cars
- Connect communities with loved ones, health care, and open up new education and work opportunities
- Tackle transport poverty
- Create demand for bus manufacturing and maintenance jobs in Scotland
Transport is Scotland’s largest source of climate pollution – responsible for almost a third of our total annual emissions. Changing how we travel is key to tackling the climate crisis.
Transport decisions in the next Parliament must focus on moving away from the car-centric system we have at present, recognising that the future lies in increasing access to public transport and boosting walking, cycling, and wheeling.
Free bus travel reduces inequality and climate emissions; two essential goals for the next Scottish Government.
Buses should be run in the interest of passengers and communities, not just to create profits for shareholders. They should be run as a vital public service, like education or health, by bringing them into public control and making them free for everyone to use. All political parties should commit to supporting local authorities to run their own bus services, and making them free.
At the moment, Scotland’s bus network is patchy at best, leading to a constant decline with a decrease of 100 million journeys in the ten years before the pandemic. It’s no coincidence that this has happened as more buses have been run by private operators, who are cutting routes and raising fares.
The next Parliament needs to redouble efforts to reduce car use. This means various measures to stop and discourage driving such as parking charges, reduced road space, and making it easier for people to walk or cycle for their journey.
As we make it slightly more expensive or time-consuming to drive, we need to make it much easier and cheaper to use the bus. This must happen at the same time, to deliver a just transition away from fossil fuel cars.


Keep Your Child’s Teeth Healthy For Parents
If not removed from the teeth, the plaque can build up and harden in tartar. Plac and tartar bacteria use sugars in food to make acids. These acids can cause tooth decay and gum disease.
When you’re done brushing teeth, it’s time to clean your tongue. Brush the surface of the tongue and the roof of the mouth to ensure that the mouth is bacteria-free, so that there is no cause of bad breath. Most cities have added fluoride to their public water supply, making it a decent treatment to prevent tooth decay. Tap water not only helps to re-mineralize teeth, but drinking water generally promotes saliva production to rinse harmful bacteria. Try mixing a little tap water, if you only drink bottled water, to protect your teeth.
Avoid sugary foods and drinks and acids and cleanse and floss twice a day to maintain a healthy mouth. The worst thing anyone can do when they have a cavity is to expose it to acid because it can make the cavity worse. The cavities expand when surrounded Zahnarzt Bern by acid in the sugar. Therefore, if you have a cavity, try to avoid sugary foods and drinks. If you allow yourself something sugary, rinse your mouth with water immediately afterwards. Better yet, brush your teeth and floss to slow down your caries.
If teeth are lost, it may be necessary to fill the holes with bridges, dentures or implants. Also rinse your mouth with antibacterial mouthwash to avoid tooth decay and gum problems. The bacteria break down sugars and create acids that lead to acidic build-up of teeth.
If you are what you eat, that is even more true for your teeth and gums. When you drink and eat starchy or sugary foods, you don’t feed yourself alone. It also nourishes germs that can cause tooth decay and gum disease in the mouth. Plaque is a thin, invisible and sticky film of bacteria and other materials.


EPA Funding Helps the Terns Return to Interstate Island in Duluth-Superior
Reducing predatory pressure: EPA provided $840,000 of Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding to improve terns’ nesting area
CHICAGO (July 21, 2021) – Between April 2020 and April 2021, habitat restoration work on 8.4 acres of Interstate Island in the Duluth-Superior harbor enhanced the island’s nesting area for the common tern. The island’s tern population had been reduced by roughly 50% due to high-water levels and flooding and an increase in the number of ring-billed gulls, a natural predator of terns. The restoration work included creating nesting space on the island at a higher elevation to protect from flooding. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers also doubled the size of the island by repurposing clean dredge materials from annual maintenance dredging in the harbor.
The common tern is a slender bird with a reddish bill and legs. They nest primarily in three areas including mid-Atlantic coast, the northern Great Plains and the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes population has been declining and reached a point where they were classified as a threatened species in 1996. Since 2021 was the first year since restoration work was completed, the common tern population has not increased significantly at this point, but biologists have already seen reduced gull predation which is a good sign for the terns.
Common terns at Interstate Island
- Common terns return to the same nesting site each year.
- Roughly two-thirds of the Lake Superior tern population nests at Interstate Island.
- Interstate Island is one of only two tern colonies in the Lake Superior basin.
The Minnesota Land Trust managed this project for the Minnesota and Wisconsin Departments of Natural Resources. EPA’s federal partners include U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The habitat work cost roughly $2.8 million with $840,000 coming from Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding. The GLRI was launched in 2010 as a non-regulatory program to accelerate efforts to protect and restore the largest system of fresh surface water in the world.


Periodical invasions of cicadas are common across the eastern United States and giant silk moths (Citheronia azteca) might have evolved to resemble cicadas as a form of Batesian mimicry in order to make them less appealing to predators.
Philip Howse speculates in his book Giant Silkmoths: Colour, Mimicry and Camouflage that when cicadas are eaten by small birds and mammals, they emit extremely loud shrieks as Batesian mimicry, which is the imitation of a nonpoisonous species of a poisonous or unappetizing one.
In the book, Howse showcases his findings thanks to the photographs of Kirby Wolfe. They focused on the giant silk moths, members of the Saturniidae family. The book offers pages of colored moths from all over the world, and Wolfe offers notes on how to collect and raise silk moths.
They also studied caterpillars. Titae lemoulti’s markings break up the overall shape of its body, making it harder to see by predators, while Automeir egeus wing patterns look like the eyes of an owl, hopefully deterring predators.
Howse notes that this mimicry technique might not be as successful as previously thought because of the large presence of moth remains, including the ones of Actias luna, beneath owl nests.
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Acupuncture has been scientifically proven to help reduce migraine headaches and it can even be recommended as a better alternative to drugs, according to researchers. Recently, a highly respected and official review of the scientific literature related to preventing migraines using acupuncture showed that it could work slightly better than the use of drugs and its effects are not just a placebo. The review process is known as the Cochrane review process and it is known as the most rigorous scientific exam of clinical research.
Researchers recommend that doctors provide patients with information about acupuncture as a treatment option when they discuss preventative treatment solutions for patients. Over one billion people worldwide are affected by migraines, and they have a considerable negative impact on life and can impose a huge burden on society.
For those who suffer from frequent migraine attacks, preventative treatments to reduce their frequency are available, but not all patients do well on drug therapy so many would prefer to avoid it if they can. The findings of the Cochrane review were moderately significant, which can be considered good for a Chochrane review. The following are the main findings:
Adding acupuncture as a procedure to include in symptomatic treatment plan to help reduce the frequency of migraines is valid. The acupuncture treatments are found to be at least as effective as drugs used to prevent migraines, however, without the side effects of using the drugs. Treatment using manual acupuncture resulted in a higher reduction of migraine frequency and migraine attacks compared to other treatments. Acupuncture can be recommended as a prophylactic treatment and it can provide patients with information of prophylactic strategies when discussing treatment options.
There is a call for more longer term studies to help assess how long the effects of acupuncture will truly last. There is now great evidence that acupuncture can be an effective treatment for episodic migraine.
At Goss Chiropractic, we work hard to work in sync with our clients’ needs and understanding and we always address each individual’s overall health. We would never just stick needles in to get therapeutic results. We always give the most information that we can about our processes and we help guide every individual to discover how they want to or need to change and adapt their own lifestyle to meet their unique health goals.


Humans are host to an enormous invisible ecosystem of microbes that influence almost every system in the body. The most common microbes that live in or on our bodies are bacteria, archaea, viruses, protozoa and fungi. This intriguing community of microbes are collectively known as our microbiota.
What is the microbiome?
Our microbiota contributes to over fifty percent of our cellular makeup and can influence a wide range of physiological functions including our mood, appetite and immune responses. The collective genetic material of the microbiota, our microbiome, is remarkably dynamic. Our body harbours several niche composites of microbiome ecosystems within the gut, skin, reproductive tract, liver, eyes, mouth, nose and even within our belly button!
Why is microbiome research important?
We know very little about how our microbiome swings the pendulum between health and disease. What we do know is that there is an inextricable link between the diversity and balance of our microbiome and our susceptibility to disease.
The abundance of our thriving beneficial microbes keeps the pathogenic microbes in check and maintains a harmonious balance. However, when pathogenic microbes dominate, this balance is disturbed and we enter a state of dysbiosis. Dysbiosis is associated with several diseases including cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and asthma. Our lifestyle choices, our diet, our use of antibiotics and medications and the environment we live in can influence the composition of the microbiome.
Our research is realising the captivating potential of the human microbiome as a novel target for human health. By understanding how over 1 million genes contributed by the human microbiome, together with our 25,000 inherited genes nurture our state of health, we can better improve diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of several diseases.


Saccade Based Display” and the 3D objets d’art
Here we present Hideyuki Ando and Atsushi Watanabe’s “Saccade Based Display” and the 3D objets d’art of Koji Okuda.
‘Saccade-Based Display’ Within a second, the human eye moves rapidly, orienting towards multiple objects of one’s vision. This movement of the eye is known as saccade.
The speed of each movement is 0.05 seconds. Between each movement, hundreds of beams of light are made to flash. In this way, a beam of light becomes a surface on the retina, enabling one to see a two-dimensional image.
Creator: Hideyuki Ando, Atsushi Watanabe, Tetsutoshi Tabata, Maria Adriana Verdaasdonk
‘Three Dimensional Printed Objet d’art’
An objet produced by a 3D printer.
For Koji Okuda, the 3D printer is an agent that faithfully and meticulously assists an artist in expressing his/her vision.
Okuda’s almost godlike workmanship finishes off the piece , a synthesis that heightens the quality of this objet d’art.
Creator: Koji Okuda


The Digicel Carrier From Saint Kitts and Nevis is denoted by codes: 356 050. The followings IDs are called HNI (Home network identity). This code is created by the combination of two other Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code (MNC). The first three numbers stand for the MCC and they are used in order to identify the region which the carried comes from (in the following example it’s Saint Kitts and Nevis). The last numbers of the HNI code are equal with the MNC and this ID is given for the specific mobile network operator.
Besides Digicel Saint Kitts and Nevis has assigned country code + 1869. This number + 1869 is equal with international calling code and it’s simply the telephone dialing prefixes used for calling Digicel numbers.
Digicel uses 2 GSM bands, 0 UMTS bands, 0 and 0 CDMA bands.. You can read the specific frequency bands in the table below. All bands of the Digicel are display in MHz units.
Another important information in Digicel Saint Kitts and Nevis architectures is the standard of used protocols. It also uses 2 protocols such as GSM, UMTS, LTE, CDMA. The ISO standard code of Digicel is KN. You can see more info about this mobile network operator at https://www.digicelgroup.com/kn/en/mobile.html. How to check Digicel coverage? How to check if your phone will work in Saint Kitts and Nevis?
|Company||Wireless Ventures Limited|
|Country||Saint Kitts and Nevis|
|Country code||+ 1869|
|Carrier codes|| |
|Size of NSN||10|
|Number format|| |
+1869 869 xxx xxxx
|GSM bands|| |
|GSM protocols|| |


Sjogrens syndrome is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by the production of antibodies which attack the the tissues and glands that produce moisture in the body, such as saliva and tear glands. There are many antibodies that can be checked to confirm the diagnosis of Sjogrens Syndrome. The two major antibodies are anti SS- A and B, also known as anti-Ro and La antibodies. These antibodies are mostly found in Sjogrens syndrome, but can also be present in people with systemic lupus erythematosus.
This test is performed in following conditions such as:
• Decreased sense of taste and smell
• Dry cough, eyes, mouth
• Dry skin and rashes
• Muscle and joint pain and swelling
• Sore tongue or throat
• Swollen salivary (parotid) glands
• Vaginal dryness
• Irritable bowel
Also Known As: Anti-SSA/Anti-SSB, Anti-La/Anti-Ro
Estimated Time Taken
Turnaround for the Sjogren Antibodies test is typically 2 business days.


The Dangers of Drunk Driving
Drinking and driving a vehicle is called driving under the influence (DUI). This involves operating a car or other motor vehicle with a blood alcohol content (BAC) of at least 0.08 percent.
Driving after having even only a small amount of alcohol is dangerous for the driver, pedestrians, and other drivers on the road.
Understanding Drunk Driving
Every day, about 28 people die in drunk driving-related incidents in the U.S., according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
The Consequences of Drunk Driving
Common punishments for a DUI conviction can include:
- Driver’s license suspension/revocation
- Vehicle impoundment
- Vehicle license confiscation
- Ignition interlock device (IID) restrictions
- Alcohol abuse evaluations
- Mandatory alcohol abuse treatment programs
- Monitored sobriety
- Drunk Driving Dangers
Even with slower reaction times, the driver may not be able to comprehend the dangers ahead and respond appropriately. This further increases the risk of accidents, injuries, and fatalities, highlighting the importance of avoiding alcohol before driving and finding alternative transportation.
Stop Drunk Driving by Treating Alcohol Addiction
If you or a loved one is suffering from alcohol use disorder, help is available. With the right, specialized treatment at an inpatient alcohol rehab, recovery and sustained sobriety are possible.


Quiz about A Cold (3)
Q7. Why do we get fever when we catch a cold?
A7. To boost up immune system.
If common cold viruses invade into the body, they multiply in the cells of the throat. White blood cells eat the viruses and analyze the information of the virus and inform it to the brain through cytokine. The brain orders to raise the body temperature. If the body temperature raises, the immune becomes more powerful. If the body temperature becomes over 40 degree C (104 degree F), viruses die.
So how does our body raise the temperature?
To prevent heat going our from the skin, blood vessels under the skin becomes narrow, leading to less blood flow, and sweat glands becomes narrow, leading to less sweating.
Another way to raise the temperature is shaking the muscles. That is the same as when it is cold, our body naturally moves the muscles to raise the body temperature.
After defeating the viruses, we sweat to lower the body temperature. That means sweating is a sign of recovering from a cold.
Q8. Why do we feel sluggish when we catch a cold?
A8. To make immune system concentrate on a fight against viruses.
Our body uses all the energy for immune system to fight against viruses. Sluggish feeling or general fatigue is a sign not to use the energy for moving the body. That means our body requires rest.
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This Blog is for a memo of my clinical realizations, information about health I have learned recently and update information.


Montgomery County, Maryland, will be the US East Coast’s first county to ban natural gas in new buildings.
Montgomery County will require all new construction to only use electric energy equipment. Montgomery County, which is just north of Washington, DC, has a population of just over 1 million, so this is an impactful decision for the region.
That means specifically that all new buildings in the county will need to go electric for heating, hot water heating, and cooking from the end of 2026. However, income-restricted housing and schools will have until the end of 2027.
The Montgomery County Council backed the gas limits with a 9-0 vote, and the county executive is expected to sign off on Bill 13-22, “Comprehensive Building Decarbonization.”
About half of the county’s emissions come from buildings, so environmental groups welcomed the decision. Mike Tidwell, director of climate change public policy advocate group CCAN Action Fund, said about Bill 13-22 on November 17:
Our safety and health will benefit from a move to all-electric buildings, and we will be doing our part to address climate change.
Unsurprisingly, the natural gas industry isn’t as enthusiastic. E&E News reports:
Representatives from Washington Gas Light Co., which distributes gas to over a million customers in Montgomery County and the Washington area, said the ban focused on electrification “while dismissing other proven opportunities for decarbonization,” like mixing hydrogen into the natural gas system.
“We urge the Council to consider a more holistic approach to decarbonization, one that puts affordability, reliability, resiliency, and security at the forefront,” wrote the company in a July 26 filing to the County Council.
Electrification brings higher upfront costs to developers but lower operating costs in the long run.
Only two West Coast states, California and Washington, have banned the sale of all new natural gas-fired heaters and water heaters by 2030.
To date, no East Coast state has passed a natural gas ban. Massachusetts has a program that allows up to 10 cities to enact a natural gas ban, and New York State is considering one.


Pacific Herring Management and Research
The Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) manages food and bait, sac roe, roe on kelp, and herring pound fisheries in state waters through limited entry and open entry programs. For additional information regarding ADF&G management of herring, see the Commercial Herring Fisheries site.
Historically, ADF&G has conducted two direct observational methods for estimating herring biomass in Southeast Alaska: (1) egg deposition dive surveys, and (2) vessel hydroacoustic surveys. In cases where egg deposition surveys are used, the biomass estimate is based on data only from mature herring that spawned that season. Acoustic surveys have not been used to estimate biomass since the 1993/94 season, because the method is thought to be less reliable than egg deposition estimation.
Herring stock assessment activities begin in the spring with aerial and foot surveys conducted by department staff. Herring spawning activity is documented during these surveys and used to determine, among other things, where to distribute SCUBA dive transects. The dive transects are used to derive egg deposition estimates which are used along with many other biological parameters, including age and growth, to estimate spawning biomass. Age and growth information are obtained by samples collected from test fishing, commercial harvests, mid-water trawling, and sampling on the spawning grounds by the department.
Forecasts for herring in Southeast Alaska are currently computed using either an Age-Structured Analysis (ASA) or a biomass accounting method where the observed spawning biomass and age composition from one year is modified by estimates of growth and mortality to produce a forecast for the subsequent year’s biomass.


Our perceptions have natural limits intended to keep us safe. Our mind makes judgments based on limited input which keeps us ‘safe’ and hinders our ability to understand others.
|Emotionally Effective Leaders||Becoming an emotionally effective leader opens you to seeing yourself and others with fresh perspective and renewed optimism.|
|Appreciation Culture||Appreciation Culture encourages leaders and teams to see how differences provide unique perspectives which support innovation and solutions.|
Prosocial intent begins by moving past ensuring our own comfort and leads to positively impacting the lives of others.
|Advocacy||A part of the Productivity strategy, the Persuasion (aka: Advocacy) strategy provides effective means to advocate for yourself and others. It includes a four step process to connect with others and make a call to action.|
|Building Trust||Learn how others trust and examine how you come to trust others.|
|Collaboration||A part of the Productivity strategy, the Collaboration strategy provides a four aspects of connecting with others and appreciating individual contributions.|
|Facing Conflict||When faced with conflict we may fight, flee, or freeze. Here we will look at productive means to navigate and manage conflict.|
|Follower Needs||You lead best when you understand those you lead. Focus on the four needs of followers; these strategies also improve collaboration.|
|Prosocial Assumptions||People want to be safe and happy. To have positive intent, we begin with prosocial assumptions. 3 assumptions help us see the best in others and also their needs.|
|Prosocial Responses||Prosocially minded people consider the needs of others and how to support others. We explore and summarize the 3 main types of needs and helpful responses.|


Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics: Biological and Technological Aspects.
Additional Document Info
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has become the tool of choice for identifying and quantifying the proteome of an organism. Though recent years have seen a tremendous improvement in instrument performance and the computational tools used, significant challenges remain, and there are many opportunities for statisticians to make important contributions. In the most widely used "bottom-up" approach to proteomics, complex mixtures of proteins are first subjected to enzymatic cleavage, the resulting peptide products are separated based on chemical or physical properties and analyzed using a mass spectrometer. The two fundamental challenges in the analysis of bottom-up MS-based proteomics are: (1) Identifying the proteins that are present in a sample, and (2) Quantifying the abundance levels of the identified proteins. Both of these challenges require knowledge of the biological and technological context that gives rise to observed data, as well as the application of sound statistical principles for estimation and inference. We present an overview of bottom-up proteomics and outline the key statistical issues that arise in protein identification and quantification.


We’re continuing our new series today, called Jesus: The Most Interesting Man in the World.
What kind of man can be a shepherd, a revolutionary, a prophet, a king, a teacher, and more?
We’ll be studying 14 characteristics of Jesus, far more than most people could ever possess. We’ll be building up to the last one in our list that will be the most important, as it’s the one makes all the difference, and makes sense of all the characteristics that came before. This week, however, it’s all about Jesus the revolutionary.
Most Canadians think of Jesus as representing the status quo for years in western culture, not as anything new and revolutionary. But many people in his day considered him a revolutionary, there to overthrow the Roman government that oppressed them. He wouldn’t have been the first, others had claimed to be messiah before, gathering followers to take up arms and march on Jerusalem to retake it for the Jews.
Jesus even started developing his following in the hills of Galilee, just like the Guerillas of South America, choosing a place with some protection and a bit of a buffer between the power brokers and his budding movement.
At least one of his followers was called a zealot, Simon, known for his passion for rebellion. Jesus was speaking to the masses, and sharing a bold new vision about a different kind of world.
These were all hallmarks of a revolutionary leader about to lead a rebellion, but we’ll explore this week whether that is really what he was up to.
Since then, all kinds of people have seen Jesus as leading their kind of rebellion against the particular status quo they hate – are they right, or are they trying to use his credibility?
For example, a leading socialist in the 1920’s once said, “We socialists would have nothing to do if you Christians had continued the revolution begun by Jesus.” Is that true? Do socialists and Jesus have the same goals, or at least overlapping ones? Or is he a different kind of revolutionary?
We’ll have to examine Jesus on his own terms to know for sure. But first,
Question: From what you know about Jesus, what kind of revolutionary vision was Jesus casting?
Meeting with a Group? Your discussion questions are in this week’s Group Study Guide[permalink append=”#comments”]Discuss the Challenge[/permalink]


The Quadroon Maiden.
Words by Longfellow. Theme from the Indian Maid.
The Slaver in the broad lagoon,
Lay moored with idle sail;
He waited for the rising moon,
And for the evening gale.
Planter under his roof of thatch,
Smoked thoughtfully and slow;
The Slaver's thumb was on the latch,
He seemed in haste to go.
He said, "My ship at anchor rides
In yonder broad lagoon;
I only wait the evening tides,
And the rising of the moon.
Before them, with her face up-raised,
In timid attitude,
Like one half curious, half amazed,
A Quadroon maiden stood.
And on her lips there played a smile.
As holy, meek, and faint,
As lights, in some cathedral aisle,
The features of a saint.
"The soil is barren, the farm is old,"
The thoughtful Planter said,
Then looked upon the Slaver's gold,
And then upon the maid.
His heart within him was at strife,
With such accursed gains;
For he knew whose passions gave her life,
Whose blood ran in her veins.
But the voice of nature was too weak;
He took the glittering gold
Then pale as death grew the maiden's cheek,
Her hands as icy cold.
The Slaver led her from the door,
He led her by the hand,
To be his slave and paramour
In a far and distant land.


Nearly 56 million people in Tanzania are at risk for one or more neglected tropical disease (NTD). The country is endemic for all five NTDs targeted by USAID’s Act | East program: lymphatic filariasis (LF), onchocerciasis, trachoma, schistosomiasis, and soil-transmitted helminth infections.
Since 2010, USAID has supported Tanzania’s Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MOHCDGEC) to reach its NTD control and elimination goals, with a focus on mass treatment for all five diseases, disease specific assessments, and mapping . As a result, Tanzania has made remarkable progress: 81% of people living in LF-endemic areas are no longer at risk for the disease, and 92% of people living in endemic areas are no longer at risk for trachoma (as of 2021).
Act | East is implemented in Tanzania by RTI International. The program continues USAID’s focus on the elimination of LF, trachoma and onchocerciasis from the country, through support for mass drug administration campaigns, impact surveys, and dossier development. Act | East also supports national school-based deworming efforts, health system strengthening initiatives, and support for gender and social inclusion activities as they relate to NTDs.


Think about this: skin cancer is, for the most part, a lifestyle disease, and simply put, a lifestyle disease is a disease associated with the way a person lives. May is Skin Cancer Awareness Month. Read on to find out about the most frequently occurring form of cancer and take the first step in your defense of this serious disease.
- Skin cancer is so common that one in five Americans will develop it in the course of their lifetime.
- Ninety percent of non-melanoma skin cancers are associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
- Skin cancer is highly treatable when detected early, but may be deadly if allowed to grow.
- There are several kinds of skin cancers. Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is one of them and is the most frequently occurring form of all cancers.
- More than one out of every three new cancers is a skin cancer, and the vast majority are basal cell carcinomas.
What is BCC?
Basal cell carcinomas are abnormal, uncontrolled growths that usually develop on sun-exposed parts of your body, especially your head and neck. However, they can occur on any part of your body – even those that are rarely exposed to sunlight. They begin in your skin’s basal cells, which line the deepest layer of your skin. Basal cell carcinomas almost never spread beyond the original site. But they shouldn’t be taken lightly, because they can be disfiguring and possibly deadly if not treated promptly.
Although a general warning sign of skin cancer is a sore that won’t heal or that repeatedly bleeds and scabs over, basal cell carcinomas may also appear as:
- A pearly white or waxy bump, often with visible blood vessels, on your face, neck or ears. The bump may bleed and develop a crust.
- A flat, scaly, brown or flesh-colored patch on your back or chest.
Check your body, all of it. Do this regularly or come in for a full-body, yearly skin check. This, along with always wearing sunscreen, is the best cancer insurance you can give yourself.
If you find a suspicious growth or have had BCC in the past, don’t wait! Call to schedule an appointment, today: (801) 776-2220.


Take into consideration the advantages that are far greater than the negatives. This profession can be associated with positive feelings.
A doctor with a specialization in human medicine is something you can do if you want to name an occupation you associate with having positive attitudes. The doctors are able to assist in the specific medical requirements of patients when the general practitioner is not able to aid them. These patients can be referred by their doctors to specialists if they have more severe health problems. The skills and expertise to give the expert care they require in the present if your training is well-developed.
The ear, nose and throat physicians are positive patients. These are the perfect example of positive mental attitudes. They enjoy the fact that they are able to aid patients in need of more advanced and specific needs. Doctors are willing to assist those who need it. Thus, you need to be sure to think about the possibility of becoming a medical doctor when you’re looking to get engaged in a career with the potential to see patients daily and making a significant difference to the lives of patients.
Lawyers who Want to Represent You
If you want to name an occupation that you think of as having a positive attitude, you may see the lawyers who fall in this group. Lawyers have a negative reputation from people in a variety of circumstances for having not the most positive attitude towards the events going all around them. But this might not be so, as many lawyers tend to be more happy than the general population. It is based on the type of lawyer they’re what specialized services they provide their clients.
If, for instance, you’re dealing with me


In remote sensing data analyses, usually, we have to convert Landsat data to Top of Atmosphere value. This process will change the original digital number, in Landsat 5 from 8 bit to decimal with the range between 0 and 1. If the data is Landsat 8 then it will change from 16bit data to decimal with a range between 0 and 1.
If you want to analyze the ToA (reflectance), i.e., land cover classification, you can directly use the image. The problem will appear if you want to analyze with a certain formula that requires 8bit data, for example, Forest Canopy Density Model. So, after you do a radiometric correction to reflectance, you have to rescale into 8bit integer.
Usually, I use GRASS GIS for this purpose. But somehow today I found it’s difficult to use GRASS GIS. The result seems strange. After hours of trying, I found I trick to do the process.
GDAL to the rescue
We can use gdal_translate to convert data from any kind of range into 8bit integer. There are two steps to do this :
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