Young people between the ages of 14 and 25 must take on distinct social and developmental tasks to become healthy, connected, productive adults. This fact sheet outlines brain research for teens and how kids in foster care are impacted during development by the lack of close relationships.
THERE ISN’T A “POINT OF NO RETURN” FOR YOUNG PEOPLE WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED TRAUMA.
Findings & Stats
Between the ages of 14 and 25, the brain experiences a period of major growth and development.
Young people between the ages of 14 and 25 must experience specific social and developmental tasks to become healthy, connected and productive adults.
Healthy relationships are critical to coping with the stressful and traumatic experiences that foster kids too often face.
Decision making, risk taking and organizing one’s life are ways teens can exercise their brains.
Experiences during adolescence can largely determine the rest of a person’s life trajectory.
Statements & Quotations
Since 1999, more than 230,000 young people have left the foster care system in America, typically at age 18, without having a stable family. Far too many of these young people face troubling challenges upon aging out of foster care, including homelessness, lower graduation rates from high school and college, and difficulty securing stable employment.
Rather than trying to stop [risk taking] altogether, parents and guardians should provide a safe and supportive environment where young people are free to experience challenges, make hard decisions and learn from their mistakes.
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(p. A15) First, the Environmental Protection Agency can relax restrictions on the amount of oil in discharged water, currently limited to 15 parts per million. In normal times, this rule sensibly controls the amount of pollution that can be added to relatively clean ocean water. But this is not a normal time.
Various skimmers and tankers (some of them very large) are available that could eliminate most of the oil from seawater, discharging the mostly clean water while storing the oil onboard. While this would clean vast amounts of water efficiently, the EPA is unwilling to grant a temporary waiver of its regulations.
Next, the Obama administration can waive the Jones Act, which restricts foreign ships from operating in U.S. coastal waters. Many foreign countries (such as the Netherlands and Belgium) have ships and technologies that would greatly advance the cleanup. So far, the U.S. has refused to waive the restrictions of this law and allow these ships to participate in the effort.
The combination of these two regulations is delaying and may even prevent the world’s largest skimmer, the Taiwanese owned “A Whale,” from deploying. This 10-story high ship can remove almost as much oil in a day as has been removed in total–roughly 500,000 barrels of oily water per day. The tanker is steaming towards the Gulf, hoping it will receive Coast Guard and EPA approval before it arrives.
For the full story, see:
PAUL H. RUBIN. “Why Is the Gulf Cleanup So Slow? There are obvious actions to speed things up, but the government oddly resists taking them..” The Wall Street Journal (Fri., July 2, 2010): A15.


November 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Nov. 14 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - Nov. 16
All fixed commemorations below are observed on November 28 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.
For November 15, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 2.
Martyr Demetrius of Thrace, from the village Davoudio/Dabuda close to town Amapasos/Amapas, by beheading (298)
Holy Martyrs and Confessors Gurias (299), Samonas (306), and Abibus (322), of Edessa.
Saint Quinctian, Bishop of Seleucia (4th century)
Martyrs Eupsychios, Nearchos and Karterios.
Martyrs Elpidius, Marcellus, and Eustochius, who suffered under Julian the Apostate (361)(see also" November 16 - West)
Saint Thomas the New, Patriarch of Constantinople (665-668)
Pre-Schism Western saints
Saint Eugene, preached the Gospel with St Dionysius, Bishop of Paris in France, and was martyred.
Saint Felix of Nola, first Bishop of Nola near Naples in Italy, martyred with thirty companions (287)
Martyrs Secundus, Fidentian and Varicus, in North Africa.


What is 3D Printing?
3D printing is the process of creating physical objects from a three-dimensional digital model.
You can design your own models or have pre-made models printed at the Clark Fork and Sandpoint Libraries at a minimal cost.
Check out our 3D Print Menu for examples.
What can I print?
Option 1: Select a model to print.
If you are not familiar with 3D modeling software, try printing an existing model design. Browse and download 3D design files from a few different websites like Thingiverse or select a print from our 3D Print Menu.
Option 2: Design your own model.
If you want to design your own print, use a free 3D modeling program such as Tinkercad (easiest) or Blender. Our public computers allow both of these free programs to be downloaded. Make sure to save your file in .STL format.
How do I order a 3D Print?
- Submit the form below to begin your request. You can check our Color Menu to see color options before you get started.
- Staff will contact you shortly via email or phone to tell you your print costs.
- After you receive print costs, you will be required to come in and pay for your prints before we can start them.
- Staff will contact you again once your prints are complete and ready for pickup.


Tatami Gusoki in Japanese means “To Fold armor” and was a lightweight portable armor worn by samurai and their foot soldiers ashigaru during the feudal era of Japan.
This type of armor could be easily transported by one individual as it could be contained in a small box, ergo it was commonly intended for a low-ranking infantryman.
The main components of this type of armor were tatami katabira (an armored jacket) or Tatami dō (a foldable cuirass), as well was the traditional kabuto helmet, tatami zukin (hood) or similar type of tatami head protection along with the other related parts of a full suit of Japanese armour.
Tatami armors were worn by all Samurai classes, from the highest to the lowest, as the armor was portable, lightweight and was manufactured cheaply for the foot warriors.
The elaborate, gold lacquer ornaments and silk brocade are unusual for this type of armor, as it usually came in more plain and easy to fold design.
The decorated tatami armor was usually worn by the high-class Samurai, while the lower class wore more simple versions.
Like Samurai articles? Here is another from us: The unique Samurai helmet was called Kabuto but was it an ironic part of the traditional Japanese armour?


The word news describes any broadcast that gives information about recent or current events. The broadcast is usually read by a newsreader, and sometimes special reports are given by correspondents. News can be anything that occurs in the world, or can happen to someone else. It can be interesting, or it can be boring, depending on its source.
There are many different types of news, but the main difference is how it is identified. While some news may be about celebrities or political leaders, news is usually about current events, not the past. Most news is about people, but it may also involve non-human sources. Reporters need to make sure that the stories they publish are about people.
News is an important aspect of journalism, and it is the spine of the industry. It is the purpose of the media to educate and inform the public. The best news will be interesting to readers and will not violate the laws of libel or good taste. In addition, news has to be accurate. This means that journalists must ensure that their sources are free of any outside influence.
Different groups of people have different concerns and interests. For example, some groups may be interested in hard news, such as the budget or an emergency. Others may be interested in soft news, which focuses on the everyday events and lifestyles of individuals.


Every time we get behind the wheel, we are putting ourselves in at least some risk of getting into an accident. And of course, not every accident will be a serious one, but it is still critical to recognize the risks that come with operating a complex machine weighing thousands of pounds.
There is no safe time of year for driving, either. Every season comes with its share of hazards that can put drivers in danger of getting into an accident. In the fall, for instance, the following factors can put Pennsylvania motorists at an increased risk of collision.
Deer and other large animals
Drivers in this state have a 1 in 63 chance of hitting a deer, moose, elk or caribou, according to recent statistics. Only two other states have a higher risk of such an event. And Pennsylvania is ranked first in terms of projected accidents involving deer.
It may be cooler, but it’s not winter yet, which means kids are still running around and playing outside in droves. And fall holidays like Halloween only increase the likelihood of young people being out on sidewalks and streets, not to mention the fact that many children still walk to and from school during the fall months.
The days are getting shorter and shorter, which means going to or from work will happen in the dark for many people. Combine falling leaves, rain and fogged windows with the darkness and drivers can have a difficult time seeing as clearly as they could during the summer.
Important precautions every motorist must take
To avoid collisions involving animals, children and poor visibility, drivers would be wise to take the following precautions.
- Make sure your headlights, tail lights and brake lights work.
- Clear your windshield of debris before every trip.
- Slow down in residential areas and areas where children may be present.
- Slow down when road conditions are less than ideal.
- Stay focused on the road and avoid distractions at all times.
- Do not drive if you’ve been drinking.
These basic tips can help you avoid fall-related car crashes and get to where you’re going safely.


Many of us barely realize, but the abundance that our society is able to provide is creating problems that we have to address, similarly to how we have addressed problems of scarcity in the past.
The most fundamental scarcity or abundance that we know and recognize readily is that of food. Humanity’s history has been characterized by a scarcity of food and famines where common. Population couldn’t grow, declined, or even went extinct in certain geographical areas. Only more recently, in the 20th century, we have been able to apply new tools that provide ample food for everyone. Today, when people don’t have enough to eat it is not a question of not being able to produce enough. It is a question of not being able to distribute it to them.
A world of abundance is now here, and it is going to be available to more and more people in every part of the world. We have to learn how to live together with this abundance in many areas. If we don’t, well, the quality of our life will decline. Paradoxically, not only when we live in a world of scarcity, but also when we live in a world of abundance. We want quality to increase. Learning about this world is the only way to make sure that we progress, rather than regress.


July 6, 2020
10,000-12,000 Years Old Red Ochre Mining Found in Quintana Roo Underwater Caves
Underwater archaeologists have found ancient ochre mining sites in Quintana Roo in a coastal cave system. The 3 cave system was drowned by rising seas 7,000 years ago. Mining activity was taking place there from 12,000-10,000 years ago. The miners used digging material tools from cave materials, using stalactites as hammer stones and pile drivers.
In 2007, they found the remains of a 12,500 year old teenager they named Naia in one of these caves.
The caves were abandoned before the flooding came.
ScienceMag has the report here;
CBC News adds that the ochre could have been used as insect repellant since it contains arsenic, and red ochre has been used in mortuary rituals and cave painting in Mesoamerica and across the world,
CBC News has the report here with many photos and a video;
Phys.org adds that nine sets of skeletal remains have been found in these caves. The new investigation found evidence of human set fires, stacked mining debris, stone tools and digging sites mining the red ochre. The researchers have finally found the reason why these ancient people risked the dangerous cave system, to find and mine red ochre-to ground the ochre to a paste to color hair, skin, rocks or hides in varying shades of red.
Mike Ruggeri’s Ancient Americas News on Word Press


Sandia National Laboratories’ wide-ranging analysis of water vulnerability across the Pacific — including the US, China, Russia and Japan — has identified hundreds of locations where energy production depends upon scarce water supplies. “Mapping Water Consumption for Energy Production Around the Pacific Rim“ was published in Environmental Research Letters. Prepared for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the first-of-its-kind report maps out every power plant, refinery and mine in 21 Asia-Pacific economies that rely on fresh water for energy. Simultaneously, it shows the data in context to regions at high to extreme risk of drought and dwindling natural water supplies.
The report compares demand in 10 energy sectors where fresh water is consumed to produce energy — including thermoelectric and hydroelectric power production; coal, uranium, natural gas and oil extraction; refining of biofuels, oil and natural gas and production of biofuel feedstocks. Among the 21 APEC economies are some of the world’s biggest energy users, where economics, population growth and other factors contribute to mounting water demands. The US alone has more than 1,200 thermoelectric power plants, more than 500 refineries and about 800 mines.
The study identified 32 percent of the 2,511 watersheds consuming fresh water for energy are also characterized as being at high to extreme risk of running out of fresh water. For six of the economies, watersheds at risk represented half or more of all basins consuming water for energy.


A timber’s propensity to infestation by lyctine insects, principally the powderpost beetle Lyctus brunneus is classified as:
SL: Susceptibility to lyctines confirmed; (SL) considered susceptible (unconfirmed); NS Not susceptible to lyctine attack.
The sapwood of all softwoods (Pinus, Callitris, Picea, Larix, Araucaria, Agathis, Pseudotsuga, Thuja and Abies species) and the sapwood of some hardwood species are immune to lyctine attack (i.e. infestation and damage by the powderpost beetle).
The sapwood of all other (lyctine-susceptible) hardwoods is rendered non-susceptible to attack by lyctine borers when immunised by preservative treatment. Protecting sapwood in lyctine-suceptible timbers is based on a minimum preservative treatment to hazard level 1 (H1 or H level1). H1: In a well-ventilated place where the timber is kept off the ground and completely protected from weather and wetting—preservative treatment is designed to reduce the likelihood of attack by insects other than termites.
Another option for processors or suppliers is to remove lyctine-susceptible sapwood during processing.
The use of non-immunised lyctine-susceptible timber with a greater cross-sectional area than permitted under want and wane allowances in the relevant Australian Standard is not recommended in permanent buildings in Queensland.
All species recognised as non-susceptible to lyctine attack are listed with the symbol NS. All other species are considered lyctine-susceptible. Where laboratory tests confirmed susceptibility, the symbol SL is used. All other, unconfirmed but potentially susceptible species are identified with the bracketed symbol (SL).


IELTS Task 2 Sample Answer 32 - Nowadays parents put too much pressure on their children to succeed.What is the reason for doing this?Is this a positive or negative development?
Children today undergo a considerable amount of stress and one contributing factor to this stress is the over insistence from parents to succeed in life. This attitude has developed among parents due to many reasons and the continuation of this trend can result in negative outcomes.
The predominant factor leading to this phenomenon is the competitive attitude among parents. Parents often force their children to indulge themselves in various activities both of academic and non-academic nature as they believe competency in different areas is required for a successful life in future. In order to achieve the desired results the children are subject to a lot of pressure. They also have a feeling of pride when their child excels in various fields and often associate it as matter of their status in society which adds on to the compulsion.
I believe over pressurization would adversely affect a child’s mental health. When children are compelled to involve in activities beyond their interest and capability, it would not result in a fruitful outcome as the children may undergo a lot of stress. When they try to cope with this pressure of becoming successful, their mental health deteriorates and may result in conditions like depression and low self-esteem. In some circumstances, it can even lead to situations wherein the child may decide to run away from home because of his inability to deal with the stress.
To conclude, the competition among children has increased a lot these days and this attitude is forcefully developed in children by parents through a lot of coercion. Though this may help to mould a child's future to some extent, I believe it has more of a negative impact on a child’s psychological health.
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A group of Australian and British academics working in the fields of biomedicine, neurology, and biotechnology proved the incredible potential of the human brain by ‘teaching’ a group of isolated human brain cells to play the video game Pong. The cells just needed 5 minutes to figure out how to play the game.
The researchers write in the paper’s abstract, which is accessible on bioRxiv, a pre-print website for biology research articles that they developed DishBrain, a device that demonstrates natural intelligence by utilizing the neurons’ intrinsic adaptive computation in a structured context.
According to New Scientist, the team developed “mini-brains” comprised of 800,000-1 million living human brain cells in a petri dish, led by researchers at Australian biotechnology startup Cortical Labs. A high-density multielectrode array that analyzed the cells’ activity was used to merge them with in-silico computation. “We think it’s fair to term them cyborg brains,” Brett Kagan, Cortical Labs’ chief scientific officer and the project’s research lead, told New Scientist.
Electric stimulation allows Kagan and his team to teach the neuron network (dubbed “DishBrain” by the researchers). The electric signals inform the DishBrain where the ball is, and the DishBrain figures how to move its “paddle” to hit the ball in just five minutes. The paddle is made up of a network of cells.
According to Cortical Labs, AIs generally take 90 minutes to learn Pong, but this ‘DishBrain’ only took five minutes. However, once both are adequately taught, a good AI will utterly obliterate the cells, according to the researchers.
Even as it is, AIs are already a little insane. Quality aside, they can transform words into lifelike graphics, create Grand Theft Auto, and code just about anything. Tod Howard, the CEO of Bethesda Softworks, wants better AI in games, and the United Nations is advocating for regulation of potentially dangerous AIs. I’m looking forward to seeing what horrifying concoctions DishBrains can conjure in their quest for scary sentience.


Humanity can Fuel an Amazing Career
In a time where women writers were few and even fewer were making headlines, Margaret Marshall Saunders chose to work under a pseudonym while penning a book that went on to sell over a million copies in the late 1800’s – an unprecedented feat, at the time. After hearing of an abused dog having been rescued by a local, she was inspired to share his story in hopes of creating change. Beautiful Joe: The Autobiography of a Dog, did just that. It brought to the table a focused perspective of the often inhumane treatment of animals. The fame that accompanied Margaret’s novel forged many opportunities to give public lectures and to work with a multitude of organizations focusing on making a difference. She went on to become a prolific Canadian author who was most acclaimed for her children’s stories.
As somewhat of a pioneer who had the full support of her father, Margaret had a solid and diverse education across Canada and Europe. An author himself, as well as a man of the cloth, Edward Manning Saunders instilled in her strong moral values and encouraged her voice in a time when women weren’t measured on the same scale as men. Although she did not live to see all the awareness she created, she was awarded the Commander of the British Empire, designated as a national person of Canada, recipient of a commemorative plaque and celebrated with a society that created both a park and museum.
Our love of animals and the way we treat them speaks volumes about our character and how we interact with the world. Margaret focused much of her career writing about kindness and protection of all living things. She surrounded herself with and cared for a menagerie of critters. When looking at your path in this life, remember that the road paved with compassion will always serve far stronger than one of indifference. Where will you focus your strengths and energy?


These films are made by Jay Lurie and Sam Gruber on behalf of the Arts & Crafts Society of Central New York
In this short film, art and architectural historians Cleota Reed and Samuel Gruber relate the history and describe the remarkable art and architecture of the Frank and Millie Garrett house, designed in 1913 by Syracuse Arts & Crafts Movement architect Ward Wellington Ward, and decorated with a remarkable tile fireplace by Henry Chapman Mercer, and leaded windows from the Henry Keck Stained Glass Studio. The house is perched atop a hill at 110 Highland Street and overlooks Rose Hill Cemetery and downtown Syracuse. Privately owned, it is presently vacant and deteriorating and the object of widespread community concern. A fictional version of the house was recently featured as a “character” in the 2021 novel “Wayward” by Dana Spiotta.
In this short film architectural Samuel Gruber, president of the Arts & Crafts Society of Central New York takes us to Oak Street in Syracuse to look into the design and history of three charming Arts & Crafts movement bungalows designed for the family of Charles Ziegler around 1916. Two of the houses are by noted architect Ward Wellington Ward,
Old Again: The Restoration of the Morgan Dunne House, Syracuse, https://youtu.be/Yazmd0IsJzE
In the video architectural historian Samuel Gruber, president of the Arts & Crafts society of Central New York, describes the Morgan Dunne House on Allen Street in Syracuse, NY, and its restoration. The house, designed by noted Arts & Crafts Movement architect Ward Wellington Ward is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Concord Place, Syracuse: Arts & Crafts Architecture, https://youtu.be/UnNqI4nQSkE
In this short video architectural historian Sam Gruber, president of the Arts & Crafts Society of Central New York, talks about the varied early 20th-century residential architecture on the one-block Concord Place, in the Westcott Neighborhood on the Eastside of Syracuse, NY, including houses designed by Lamont Warner and Ward Wellington Ward.


Due to the recent increase in bus accident fatalities globally, Canadian firefighters are using bus accident simulations to train new recruits and other rescue workers.
Picture the scene – a school bus lying on its side, with three smashed vehicles and frantic bystanders surrounding the accident. Dozens of children are trapped inside the bus, some of which are seriously injured, and several fatalities have already occurred. This is the simulated scenario which faced Canadian firefighters and ambulance personnel in a Comox Valley training exercise conducted at Oyster River Fire Hall, Black Creek on Saturday morning.
Firefighters from several different fire and rescue departments in the Comox Valley area participated in the exercise, and had to work together to free dozens of volunteer children who were playing the role of trapped accident victims. The school bus used in the exercise was an old school bus donated by Campbell River Christian School.
As well as the children, other volunteers acted as drivers, passengers, family members and curious bystanders to make the exercise as realistic as possible.
The rescue team personnel rehearsed calming of the frantic crowd and lead the family members away from the accident scene so that the emergency services could continue with the rescue operation.
As well as crowd calming, the team members had to tend to the children’s injuries which were realistically portrayed with fake blood and makeup. The simulation also allowed practice of emergency triage operations, where those who were more seriously injured had to be taken to a separate area for transfer by ambulance to local hospitals. Simulated fatalities also had to be dealt with, and were covered with sheets and referred to the coroner.
The training exercise took most of the day, and the participants were given constant feedback and opportunities to review their actions during the simulation. According to Niels Holbek, the Oyster River Fire and Rescue chief, the drill was an excellent learning opportunity which should assist in making real life rescue situations run more smoothly.
Holbek said the exercise was also a good opportunity to assess how different fire and rescue departments would work together and how long it would take for rescue services to arrive from the different departments across the valley. Experienced firefighters and vehicle extrication experts were on site at the training exercise to evaluate how effectively the participants rescued the volunteers, and their feedback will be used to design further training exercises for the future.


Secrets of the Winds in the Tuat, Sailing in the Boat of Millions of Years
by Estéban Trujillo de Gutiérrez
“But yet another “exceeding great mystery” had to be performed if the deceased was to be enabled to enter into heaven by its four doors at will, and to enjoy the air which came through each.
The north wind belonged to Osiris, the south wind to Râ, the west wind to Isis, and the east wind to Nephthys; and for the deceased to obtain power over each and all of these it was necessary for him to be master of the doors through which they blew.
This power could only be obtained by causing pictures of the four doors to be painted on the coffin with a figure of Thoth opening each. Some special importance was attached to these, for the rubric says, “Let none who is outside know this chapter, for it is a great mystery, and those who dwell in the swamps (i.e., the ignorant) know it not.”
“Thou shalt not do this in the presence of any person except thy father, or thy son, or thyself alone; for it is indeed an exceedingly great mystery which no man whatever knoweth.” (Ibid., p. 212).
One of the delights coveted by the deceased was to sail over heaven in the boat of Râ, in company with the gods of the funeral cycle of Osiris; this happiness could be secured for him by painting certain pictures, and by saying over them certain words of power.
On a piece of clean papyrus a boat is to be drawn with ink made of green âbut mixed with ânti water, and in it are to be figures of Isis, Thoth, Shu, and Khepera, and the deceased; when this has been done the papyrus must be fastened to the breast of the deceased, care being taken that it does not actually touch his body.
Then shall his spirit enter into the boat of Râ each day, and the god Thoth shall take heed to him, and he shall sail about with Râ into any place that he wisheth. (See Chapters of Coming Forth by Day, p. 162).
E.A. Wallis Budge, Egyptian Magic, London, 1901. Pp. 110-1.


According to the management consultancy Deloitte, more than 800 million jobs worldwide are affected by climate change and the energy transition - a quarter of today's working population.
"The job risk is greatest in Asia-Pacific and Africa, as is the potential for additional jobs," says the Deloitte study, which was due to be presented at the UN Climate Change Conference in Sharm el-Sheikh.
Jobs in agriculture, energy, mining, industry, transport and construction are particularly affected. Some of these sectors are facing upheaval due to high CO2 emissions, others, such as agriculture, are threatened by floods, heat or storms, said Deloitte climate expert Bernhard Lorentz. In Asia-Pacific and Africa, more than 40 percent of the workforce is employed in vulnerable industries.
"By actively shaping the transformation, decarbonization could create more than 300 million additional jobs by 2050," said Lorentz, "of which 21 million in Europe, 180 million in Asia-Pacific, 75 million in Africa and 26 million in the Americas." The "vulnerable regions" would have to invest especially in the development of "a "green" workforce". A faster, planned transition to a net-zero economy could ensure fairer wages and better working conditions around the world.
Deloitte partner Maren Hauptmann said: "The key is investing in the promotion of skills - from school and university education to in-company training and further education. This must be a top priority for politicians and companies."


late 1800s-early 1900s
Overall: 16.5 x 12.5 x 2.5 cm (6 1/2 x 4 15/16 x 1 in.)
René and Odette Delenne Collection, Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Fund 2010.445
This figure combines Kongo artists’ attention to symmetry with the Western depiction of Christ, lifeless on the cross.
One of two Christian-inspired objects in the Delenne collection identifying the far-reaching networks of trade, diplomacy, religion, and cross-cultural exchange. Kongo Christian symbols were created as spiritual tools to help explain and alleviate the turbulent situation between Central African religion and Catholicism. This figurine is geometric in style, combining both Christian ideals and preexisting Kongo artistic practices. Its pierced hands and feet link him to crucifixion images.
The information about this object, including provenance, may not be currently accurate. If you notice a mistake or have additional information about this object, please email firstname.lastname@example.org.
To request more information about this object, study images, or bibliography, contact the Ingalls Library Reference Desk.
All images and data available through Open Access can be downloaded for free. For images not available through Open Access, a detail image, or any image with a color bar, request a digital file from Image Services.


What is the best way to practice for the real SAT test?
No one wants to waste their time or money when it comes to preparing for the SAT and PSAT/NMSQT. After students have learned the recurring patterns, shortcuts and test-taking techniques from the “Master the SAT Class” it is extremely important that they continue preparing for the real test. (Just like in sports, athletes MUST practice in order to win a game.) I highly recommend that students ONLY practice with College Board materials. This is the company who makes the tests, and students need to become familiar with their questions, hidden patterns and schemes.
What about practicing for the PSAT/NMSQT?
All students should take the PSAT/NMSQT in eighth, ninth and tenth grade BEFORE it counts for big scholarships in the junior year. This allows students to get familiar with the test, and they will receive their test booklet back so they can review it. All students should definitely take the PSAT/NMSQT in their junior year (offered in October) because this will qualify them for the National Merit competition.
When practicing for one test will help prepare for the other one.
Why do I need to journal my missed questions and how do I fill out the journal pages in the program?
By writing down your missed questions and the correct answers, you can learn how to identify types of problems that are hard for you, and hopefully why they trip you up. When you are faced with a similar question in the future, your journal work will prove useful. Make sure to periodically go back over your journal entries. See College Prep Genius for optimal ideas for the “Journal for Success.”


A term sheet and a memorandum of understanding (MOU) are both types of preliminary agreements used in business negotiations. While they are similar in some ways, there are also some key differences between the two.
An MOU is a non-binding agreement between two parties that outlines the general terms and understanding of a proposed business relationship. It typically outlines the purpose of the relationship, the key terms and conditions, and the expectations of the parties involved. The purpose of an MOU is to establish a general understanding of the proposed business relationship and to pave the way for more detailed negotiations in the future.
In contrast, a term sheet is a more detailed and specific document that outlines the key terms and conditions of a proposed business collaboration. It is more focused on the specifics of the deal, such as investment or financing terms, ownership structure, intellectual property rights, governance, and closing conditions. The purpose of a term sheet is to provide a framework for the negotiations and to ensure that both parties have a clear understanding of the proposed terms of the collaboration.
Another key difference between an MOU and a term sheet is that an MOU is generally less formal and less detailed than a term sheet. MOUs are often used in situations where the parties are still exploring a potential business relationship and have not yet committed to a specific course of action. Term sheets, on the other hand, are used when the parties have already agreed on the general terms of the deal and are ready to move forward with more detailed negotiations.
In terms of legal status, both MOUs and term sheets are generally considered non-binding agreements. However, depending on the specific language used in the document, certain provisions may be considered binding. For example, an MOU might include a provision that requires the parties to negotiate in good faith, which could be enforceable in court.
In summary, while both term sheets and MOUs are used in business negotiations to outline the terms and conditions of a proposed relationship, a term sheet is typically more detailed and specific than an MOU. Term sheets are used when the parties have already agreed on the general terms of the deal and are ready to move forward with more detailed negotiations. MOUs are used when the parties are still exploring a potential business relationship and have not yet committed to a specific course of action.
Contact PCA Company Services today. We will help you firstname.lastname@example.org


How Going Barefoot May Prevent Diabetes, Promote Well Being
Research indicates our health is enhanced by frequent connection to the earth’s electrical energy. Connecting with this energy is called earthing, or grounding.
We can connect our body’s electrical frequencies to those of the earth either directly, or indirectly. Direct contact includes being barefoot on grass or sand, or skin contact with soil, as when gardening. Using earthing technology (e.g. grounding mats, grounding sheets) connects us indirectly with earth’s energy.
Physical contact with the earth is associated with a reduction of inflammation in the body, and inflammation is linked to chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and depression.
Earthing diminishes inflammation because our planet’s surface is teaming with negatively charged ions. Ions are particles with extra electrons. When the cell-damaging free radicals roaming about our body absorb the earth’s available electrons, the free radicals are neutralized, and cannot instigate inflammation.
“Mounting evidence suggests that the Earth’s negative potential can create a stable internal bioelectrical environment for the normal functioning of all body systems,” wrote researchers in the Journal of Environmental and Public Health.
Heart Health and Blood Sugar
Another benefit of grounding is the thinning of our blood. Earthing improves the electrical energy between red blood cells. This counteracts the blood-thickening effects of sugary, fatty diets, smoking, radio frequency bombardment, environmental toxins, and emotional stress. The risk of heart attack and stro Continue reading


Rosetta Has Finally Spotted Her Comet, Sent Back First Images
Cue Phil Collins' "In The Air Tonight."
Pictures taken by Rosetta earlier this week confirm that the ESA’s little spacecraft that could is right on track for her rendezvous in August with 67P/Churymov-Gerasimenko. For the first time, Rosetta’s OSIRIS camera has captured images of the comet on which she will attempt her unprecedented landing.
“Finally seeing our target after a 10 year journey through space is an incredible feeling,” said Holger Sierks, OSIRIS principal investigator. “These first images taken from such a huge distance show us that OSIRIS is ready for the upcoming adventure.” Rosetta’s ten year mission to analyze a comet’s composition and possibly gain a greater understanding of the origins of life has often required the ESA to rely on blind faith and trust that their spacecraft is continuing her quest, so any confirmation that she’s on course is cause for celebration.
Here’s a statement from the ESA explaining how Rosetta must begin preparing for her comet close encounter now that she has the target in her sights:
Currently, Rosetta is on a trajectory that would, if unchanged, take it past the comet at a distance of approximately 50 000 km and at a relative speed of 800 m/s. A critical series of maneuvres beginning in May will gradually reduce Rosetta’s velocity relative to the comet to just 1 m/s and bring it to within 100 km by the first week of August.
The Space Agency also posted this video today showing how 67P/Churymov-Gerasimenko will appear to Rosetta as she slows her velocity and approaches landing.
The first week of August will be so exciting! Summer love is the best! Come on, Rosetta is about to penetrate Churymov; I think I can be forgiven a little personification.
(via Universe Today, image ESA/MPS for OSIRIS-Team )
- And to think we were worried she wouldn’t wake up
- Basically just rocket scientists openly weeping
- This is what LEGO thinks August will look like
Have a tip we should know? [email protected]


Waste Treatment Survey (WTS) 2021
The Kosovo Agency of Statistics (KAS) has released the results of the Waste Treatment Survey (WTS) for the year of 2021.
WTS aims to collect statistical data from businesses dealing with waste treatment (regional sanitary landfills, medical-hospital waste treatment facilities) by providing stable statistical data and creating a time series for treated waste.
The results presented in this publication provide an important statistical source for the current state of this sector.
The results from WTS 2021 indicate that: the quantity of recycled waste was 21 307 tons/year; the quantity of sterilized waste (hospital waste) was 960 tons/year; and the total quantity of waste treatment and disposal was 506 044 tons/year.
The quantity of waste treatment by type of waste and type of treatment, expressed as a percentage, was as follows: metals (14%); plastic waste (31%); hospital waste (4%); paper waste and cardboard waste (51%).
However, the quantity of waste disposal in regional sanitary landfills in 2021 was 483 777 tons/year. Compared to the data of 2020, there is an increase by 8.6%. While, compared according to the regions, the largest quantity of waste disposal was in the sanitary landfill in the region of Prishtina (Mirash), 167 371 t, or 35%.
For more information about Waste Treatment Survey (WWS) in 2021, visit: https://ask.rks-gov.net/sq/agjencia-e-statistikave-te-kosoves/bujqesi/mbeturinat


Hymn to the Aten - Word for Word - Ancient Egyptian Wall Text of Pharaoh Akhenaten and Nefertiti
I have painstakingly divide the text of the famous Hymn fo Aten from the tomb of Ay in Amarna, Egypt. The hymn was a prayer to the single god which the Pharaoh Akhenaten (prior name Amenhotep IV), decreed would be the only god to worship. He effectively, single handedly abolished 2,500 of religious belief for the One God - the Aten.
Follow along and learn the Hymn by reading the words one by one.
This video is a bit dry and slow, but it is meant for the Egyptian enthusiast, who wish to grow and learn the language of the hieroglyphics and enjoy a bit of ancient history.
There are 13 column and they are divided by time indexes for you to skip too. You can also download the Word .doc and follow along in english and a JPG image of the Hymn, which you can divide yourself to learn how to read the hymn: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/z1vdk4z6ym5g5sm/AACDqZoT9agDvijGlDI7VvOHa?dl=0
Column 1 - 0:42
Column 2 - 3:14
Column 3 - 5:00
Column 4 - 7:08 --- missing words (bottom of column) "so they might not be stolen"
Column 5 - 9:45
Column 6 - 11:50
Column 7 - 14:25
Column 8 - 17:20
Column 9 - 19:57
Column 10 - 22:27
Column 11 - 24:53
Column 12 - 27:03
Column 13 - 29:20
If you love this video, please like and subscribe and also follow me on my Instagram page @egyptologylessons
Music: Free-Download - Sad_Winds_Chapter_1_-_David_Fesliyan
Sound Effect: Free-Download - https://elements.envato.com/ "


Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): New insights from increased taxon sampling
Phylogenetic relationships among higher clades of pulmonate gastropods are reconstructed based on a data set including one nuclear marker (complete ribosomal 18S) and two mitochondrial markers (partial ribosomal 16S and Cytochrome oxidase I) for a total of 96 species. Sequences for 66 of these species are new to science, with a special emphasis on sampling the Ellobiidae, Onchidiidae, and Veronicellidae. Important results include the monophyly of Systellommatophora (Onchidiidae and Veronicellidae) as well as the monophyly of Ellobiidae (including Trimusculus, Otina, and Smeagol). Relationships within Ellobiidae, Onchidiidae, and Veronicellidae are evaluated here for the first time using molecular data. Present results are compared with those from the recent literature, and the current knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among pulmonate gastropods is reviewed: despite many efforts, deep nodes are still uncertain. Identification uncertainties about early fossils of pulmonates are reviewed. Impacts of those phylogenetic and fossil record uncertainties on our understanding of the macro-evolutionary history of pulmonates, especially transitions between aquatic and terrestrial habitats, are discussed.
Keywords: Ellobiidae; Euthyneura; Macro-evolutionary transitions; Onchidiidae; Veronicellidae


Malbec is a purple grape variety used in making red wine. The grapes tend to have an inky dark color and robust tannins and are known as one of the six grapes allowed in the blend of red Bordeaux wine. The French plantations of Malbec are now found primarily in Cahors in South West France. It is increasingly celebrated as an Argentine varietal wine and is being grown around the world.
The Malbec grape is a thin-skinned grape and needs more sun and heat than either Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot to mature. It ripens mid-season and can bring very deep color, ample tannin, and a particular plum-like flavor component to add complexity to claret blends. Sometimes, especially in its traditional growing regions, it is not trellised and cultivated as bush vines (the goblet system).
As a varietal, Malbec creates a rather inky red (or violet), intense wine, so it is also commonly used in blends, such as with Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon to create the red French Bordeaux claret blend. The grape is blended with Cabernet Franc and Gamay in some regions such as the Loire Valley. Other wine regions use the grape to produce Bordeaux-style blends. The varietal is sensitive to frost and has a proclivity to shatter or coulure.


There has been a rapid increase in the use of mobile devices for interaction with web based tools and applications, driven in large part by the rapid shift towards smartphones. At the same time, it is recognised that the factors such as the volume of eCommerce, transition to online banking, and broad uptake of social media applications, require users to have confidence in their trustworthiness and security. As the ways in which users are able to use and access the Internet shift, this research has focused on establishing a greater understanding of the relationship between the three constructs of risk, trust and confidence and how they impact upon Internet use. This short paper examines the issues surrounding these constructs, identifies the key shifts and challenges with mobile devices; and discusses the how risk, trust, confidence influence the use of mobile devices for accessing the Internet. Key findings include the variance of user behaviour according to device type, and the greater influence of usability on use of mobile applications for activities that require greater levels of confidence.
Makan, Jiten; Kutar, Maria; and Hussain, Azham, "Investigating Barriers to Trust in Mobile Devices" (2013). UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2013. 52.


The awareness and use of standards-based mathematics curriculums in secondary schools of southern New Jersey
M.A. in Subject Matter Teaching: Mathematics
Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math Education
College of Education
Education--Standards--New Jersey; Mathematics--Study and teaching (Secondary)--New Jersey
Science and Mathematics Education
The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and usage of specific standards-based mathematics curriculums in the southern New Jersey area.
A three-part survey was developed and sent to department chairpersons in 135 secondary schools in eight southern New Jersey counties. Part one of the survey determined the population characteristics and participant information. Part two was utilized to determine currently used mathematics curriculums. In part three, mathematical philosophy was determined from responses to Likert scale questions. An analysis of the survey included tallies of currently used curriculums, knowledge of standards-based mathematics programs, and a correlation of mathematical philosophies to these curriculums.
The analysis indicated that only 10(16.7%) schools participating in the survey use one of the five named standards-based mathematics programs. Knowledge of these curriculums varied. Of the five researched curriculums, teachers were most knowledgeable about Interactive Mathematics Program, Math Connections, and Core-Plus. Fifty percent reported limited or no knowledge of all five curriculums. Teachers agreed with the philosophies behind standards-based mathematics curriculums. On questions that positively correlate to these curriculums, a majority of teachers agreed or strongly agreed with the statements. Negative correlations were not as strong, indicating some traditional beliefs involving calculator usage and arithmetic manipulation.
Ciandella, Nancy D., "The awareness and use of standards-based mathematics curriculums in secondary schools of southern New Jersey" (2002). Theses and Dissertations. 1416.


Biopharmazeutika can be a new technology of drugs that are performed from living organisms. These substances can be used to deal with many ailments, including tumor and immunology. They are also part of a growing biotechnology market.
These prescription drugs can be manufactured from bacteria or person cellular material. Generally, they are developed in bioreactors. The easiest method to produce these products is by using genetically improved organisms. In addition , biopharmazeutika are manufactured with advanced processing techniques.
Biopharmazeutika are a kind of drug which might be injected into the body. Nevertheless , they do not have a similar properties seeing that regular pharmaceuticals. In addition, the cost of creation is excessive. Therefore , they are not usually found in the market.
The first biopharmazeutikum approved with regards to therapeutic applications was insulin, a recombinant DNA molecule that was synthesized right from www.genotec-frankfurt.de/biotechnological-synthesis-of-remedies/ Vitamin e. coli. It absolutely was used to treat diabetes. Today, this substance is one of the most important biopharmazeutika.
The production of biopharmazeutika involves a complex process. For instance developing the molecule, fermenters, bioreactors, and closed storage units. During the production process, the substances have to pass a number of tests and meet rigorous regulatory criteria. Because of this, the companies that develop these types of drugs are worried that the patent rights definitely will expire in the future.
The The german language government possesses set a target of 45 percent of biopharmazeutika by 2030. These drugs will be contained in the country’s environmentally friendly health insurance plan.
These chemicals are component to a canal of more than 657 candidate prospects for new medicines and vaccines. They include enzymes, development elements, and germination modulators.


Disabled people can have the same experiences as everyone else by using the Metaverse, without having to worry about the barriers that come with physical disabilities.
According to Brunel University researchers, the Metaverse has the potential to improve the lives of disabled people by:
LIFE IN SOCIETY
Even traditional social media has many advantages for disabled people, and the Metaverse will only amplify these advantages. It has the potential to assist disabled people in making friends, finding romantic partners, and socialising without having to be concerned about their physical limitations.
LIFE IN EDUCATION
Remote learning has grown in popularity in recent years, but the Metaverse has the potential to take it to the next level.
Immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR) can provide disabled people with access to higher education that is engaging and does not require physical attendance.
LIFE IN WORKSPACE
We can adapt to new ways of working in a matter of days as humans. The pandemic demonstrated this. Almost 85% of people across generations see themselves doing a significant portion of their work in the Metaverse.
This is good news for disabled people because it means they can work and earn an income regardless of their physical abilities.
EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR EVERYONE
It has the potential to democratise opportunity by giving disabled people the same social, economic, and educational opportunities as everyone else. This is just the start of how the Metaverse can assist disabled people.
As technology advances, we will see an increasing number of ways in which it can improve their lives.


EE的英文全称是 Extended Essay，中文名称是专题论文。EE要求学生根据自己的兴趣，在自己所学的IB六门学科中任选一科，通过指导老师的辅导，独立完成一篇不超过4800个汉字的学术论文。EE与TOK（知识论） 、CAS （创造、行动、服务）共同构成IB课程的三大核心。
The full name of EE is Extended Essay, and the Chinese name is monographs. EE requires students to choose one of the six IB subjects they have studied according to their own interests, and complete an academic thesis of no more than 4800 Chinese characters independently through the guidance of their instructors. EE, TOK (Theory of Knowledge) and CAS (Creation, Action, Service) together constitute the three cores of the IB curriculum.
This book focuses on the guidance of EE writing for Chinese B, from the topic selection of the thesis to the final completion of the step-by-step explanation, aiming to help teachers and students to successfully complete this extremely challenging assignment.


Last Updated: Jan 10, 2023
Do you feel guilty about consuming too much chocolate lately? Well, don’t. Chocolate has various health benefits that even chocoholics are unaware of, which makes moderate amounts of chocolate a must add to your diet.
Here are a few reasons why you should be consuming more chocolate:
- High nutritional value: Switching to dark chocolates is a wise choice as they are packed with a number of nutrients, which makes it equivalent to any other healthy food nutritionists recommend. 100 grams of dark chocolate contains 11 grams of fibre and is packed with zinc, iron, phosphorous and potassium, which classifies it as a nutritious choice.
- Helps in promoting better sexual health: Chocolate is a popular aphrodisiac, which has been known to stimulate blood flow to the different parts of the body. Indulging in chocolate also helps you to get rid of apprehensions; which is why consuming chocolate acts as a sex stimulator.
- Helps in preventing diabetes and reduces cholesterol: It is ironic how the intake of dark chocolate in moderation prevents the onset of diabetes. The cocoa present in chocolate is proven to improve insulin sensitivity thereby delaying diabetes. The high content of flavonoids in chocolate also helps in reducing cholesterol which lowers hypertension and the risk of suffering from coronary diseases and ailments.
- Chocolate might prevent cancer: Cocoa present in chocolates contains ‘pentameric procyanidin’ which restricts the ability of cancerous cells to multiply and spread. When cancer patients were treated with pentameric procyanidin, it was observed that the required protein for multiplication of cancerous cells was restrained and their division was blocked.
The major health benefits of eating chocolate coupled with the relief a bar provides during PMS and pregnancy, advances the delicious food item to the category of healthy food. Hence, consumption of chocolate in moderate amounts daily is something you shouldn’t refrain from. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult a dietitian-nutritionist.


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U.S. Department of Energy website provides tips and resources to the public on energy efficiency and renewable energy.
EPA ENERGY STAR
ENERGY STAR is a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) program that provides tools and resources to help businesses and individuals improve energy efficiency and save money.
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
EIA provides a wide range of information and data products covering energy production, stocks, demand, imports, exports, and prices; and prepares analyses and special reports on topics of current interest.
International Energy Agency (IEA)
The IEA is an autonomous organization which works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member countries and beyond.
ENERGY PERFORMANCE AND BENCHMARKING
ENERGY STAR Target Finder
Target Finder is EPA’s online calculator that helps architects, engineers, and property owners and managers assess the energy performance of commercial building designs and existing buildings
EPA Portfolio Manager
ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager®, an Online tool you can use to measure and track energy and water consumption, as well as greenhouse gas emissions. Use it to benchmark the performance of one building or a whole portfolio of buildings, all in a secure Online environment.
DSIRE (Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency)
Comprehensive source of information on incentives and policies that support renewables and energy efficiency in the United States.
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Neicytechno – Virtual Disk Image (VDI) is a file format issued by virtual machine applications such as VirtualBox. With virtual machines such as VirtualBox, we can create or build a computer or smartphone lab as we are proud of. A virtual machine can also be called a tool for “creating a computer within a computer.
VDI files are usually preinstalled with the operating system and some other supporting applications for use on VirtualBox machines. To create a VDI file we have to export the finished virtual machine in VirtualBox and it will get a VDI format file.
What is VirtualBox?
VirtualBox is virtualization software that can be used to create virtual computer devices complete with an operating system which is usually used as a testing tool or penetration of vulnerabilities or vulnerabilities in operating systems or other software.
How to Use VDI Files in VirtualBox?
- First, open the VirtualBox software
- Then create a new virtual computer device by pressing the “New” icon and adjust the name and type of operating system in the VDI file
- After that, adjust the amount of RAM of the virtual machine according to your needs.
- Then, select “Use an exiting virtual har disk file” and locate the VDI file that we will use on our main computer.
- Then press “Open”
How to use VDI files is very easy and easy to use VirtualBox as a virtual machine that we can use for various purposes such as software testing, server penetration, testing computer networks and the internet, trying new software before release, and others.
Adobe animate basic tutorial and full explanation


Pakistan – Namak Paray
by Ayesha Umar
What is traditional cuisine?
- Traditional cuisine is known as the food which is famous in our city, region, as well as in country.
- Actually cuisine is the way of cooking anything or method of cooking dishes. Food and dishes is recognized and specialized by its method and according to area. Foods are amazing and special by its method of cooking and by the ingredients that we choose to prepare dish.
Namak Para is also known as nimki brittle or namkeen pare. Tea time is a very fragile and fragile dish. The most popular snack can be found in pastry and tea shops in Pakistan and India. Salt is made from all-purpose flour, and these are the two most common ingredients. Dance launches among Pakistan pastry shops and tea shops. Namak paray can be mixed with flour; it can be different Indian spices. , with coffee, cold drink or in other words, to enjoy the extra flavors use a little raspberry or meatballs. Try it and enjoy!
Calories in wheat flour are 364 in 100 gram of wheat flour. 100 gram of Oil contains 884 calories.
Oil has very good calories. It is very beneficial for health but excess of oil is not good for health.
- White flour (wheat flour) = 1 cup
- Oil = 1 table spoon
- Salt = 1 table spoon
- Ghee(cooking oil ) for fry
- First you have to clean wheat flour.
- Now knead this with water and salt.
- Now cover it with cool water cloth.
- Roll that dough with roller and cut in the rectangle shaped which recognized that it is namak parray.
发表评论Want to join the discussion?
Feel free to contribute!


I am using windows 7. I made a simple spreadsheet to emulate a checkbook. I upgraded to the most current version 22.214.171.124 thinking my problem may have been solved. I am now over 650 rows of data in it. Basically there are columns representing date, check number, remarks, deposits and one for checks/withdrawals and current balance. I deleted the info from a prior row in order to insert data and when I entered the new data the formula for the current balance cell was no longer there. Previously I had been able to extend the current balance column downward by just grabbing the lower right corner with the mouse pointer and moving it down some rows and the formula would generate based on the prior formula. (formula was new current balance=old current balance + new deposit -check/withdrawal using cell designations of course.) Grabbing the old cell would no longer generate the formula and when I entered the formula into the cell all I got was a display of the word value and some## in that cell and the cells directly below it in the column. Using enter or clicking on the accept icon after entering the formula did not make it work. I was ,however, able to get the cells below working on the generated formula by manually entering the correct current balance in the cell (which wiped out the formula for the cell.) Still the cells below work properly now. Any thoughts?
‘#VALUE!’ could mean that one of the entries is not numeric, causing an arithmetic error. To check this, toggle currency format (icon = coins). Inspect any cell that does not change with the rest.
Alternatively, ‘###’ could mean that the columns are not wide enough to adequately display the values.
I think @黄智壯 is right.
Simple test (=what I would do):
Insert a column next to the one where you observe the problem:
Enter in the first row the formula: = >first cell in you colum with problem<+1
Move cursor onto the first cell of the column with problems
ctrl+down you reach the end of the column
Move cursor the newly inserted column
ctrl+shift+up (you reach the top of the inserted colum)
Whenever you see #value in the column with the formulas, there is no number in the original cell.


Australian Desert Animals Adaptations
Try this Desert Adaptations poster or this Australian Desert Animals Poster.
Australian desert animals adaptations. Animal adaptations in the desert ppt. Larger mammals such as antelopes deer and camels can also be found in cold deserts. Shrubs australian desert shrubs display modifications.
Learn more about desert adaptations. Cacti while not native to the continent are adapted to thrive in the harsh Australian desert. Here are seven animals that have adapted in some crazy ways in order to survive in their habitatsWood frogs freeze their bodies.
Kangaroo rats survive without ever drinking water. How might a change in environment impact living things. Lizards and other reptiles will climb trees or seek shade when it.
Australian Desert Animals Friday March 6 2009. For the vast majority of Australian mammals they are nocturnal to avoid being active in the heat of the day. Here is a list of various Australian Desert Animals Research Questions A guide to researching List these animals and plants in your book.
Few animals have adapted to survive the hottest desert regions besides scorpions and small reptiles. Plants that store water in this way are called succulents one of which is the cactus. Thus adaptations of desert animals are actually the adjustments to protect themselves against high temperatures to live without water and to conserve water as far as possible.
It may come as a surprise but frogs are some of the most common animals in Australian deserts. Spiders belong to an ancient group of animals called the arachnida. Many are also active at dawn and dusk and this is called being crepuscular.
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the alkalinity of a water as determined by titration with standard with standard acid solution to the methyl orange endpoint(ph approx. 4.5); sometimes abbreviated as "M alkalinity" Total alkalinity includes many components, such as hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates.
an analytical process in which a standard solution in a calibrated vessel is added to a measured volume of sample until an end point, such as color change, is reached. From the volume of the sample and the volume of standard solution used, the concentration of a specific material may be calculated.
the reciprocal of the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. The ph scale is from zero to 14,and 7.0 is the neutral point, indicating the presence of equal concentrations of free hydrogen and hydroxide ions, ph values below 7.0 indicate increasing acidity, and ph values above 7.0 indicate increasing base concentrations.
the point at which a process is stopped because a predetermined value of a measurable variable is reached, the endpoint of an ion exchanger water softener service run is the point at which the hardness of the softener effluent increases to a predefined concentration, often 1.0 grain per gallon; the endpoint of a filter service run may be the point at which the pressure drop across the filter reaches a predetermined value; the endpoint of a titration is the point at which the titrant produces a predetermined color change, ph value, or other measurable characteristic.
The quantitative capacity of a water or water solution to neutralize an acid. It is usually measured by titration with a standard acid solution of sulfuric acid, and expressed in terms of its calcium carbonate equivalent.
A substance which releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.Most acids will dissolves the common metals, and will react with a base to form a neutral salt and water.


The Financial Accounting Strategy Animation Scene
Financial Accounting Strategy Animation Scene, the animation scene begins with a financial accountant sitting at a desk, working on spreadsheets and documents. The camera zooms in to show the details of the financial accounting process.
As the animation continues, we see the accountant analyzing different financial statements and reports, such as income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements. The camera shows different angles of the reports, indicating the different metrics and trends being analyzed.
We see the accountant developing a financial accounting strategy for the business, using the data and insights gained from the analysis. The camera shows the different stages of the strategy development process, indicating the different components of the plan.
As the animation scene progresses, we see the accountant implementing the financial accounting strategy, using different tools and techniques such as budgeting, forecasting, and risk management. The camera shows different angles of the implementation process, indicating the different actions being taken.
We see the business achieving financial stability and growth, improving profitability, and minimizing financial risks. The camera shows different angles of the business, indicating the progress and success.
As the animation scene nears its end, we see the accountant reviewing the results of the financial accounting strategy, analyzing the outcomes, and making adjustments for further improvement. The camera shows different angles of the review process, indicating the importance of continuous improvement and adaptation.
The animation scene ends with a message encouraging viewers to adopt a financial accounting strategy approach to business growth, using data, insights, and innovation to achieve financial stability and success. The scene highlights the importance of financial accounting strategy development, implementation, and evaluation in ensuring business financial sustainability.


The large annular lake in this image represents the remnants of one of the largest impact craters still preserved on the surface of the Earth. Lake Manicouagan in northern Quebec, Canada, surrounds the central uplift of the impact structure, which is about 70 kilometers in diameter and is composed of impact-brecciated (relatively large pieces of rock embedded in finer grained material) rock. Glaciation and other erosional processes have reduced the extent of the crater, with the original diameter estimated at about 100 kilometers (60 miles). This natural-color image of the region was acquired by the Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometers (MISRs) nadir (vertical-viewing) camera on June 1, 2001.
The impact that formed Manicouagan is thought to have occurred about 212 million years ago, toward the end of the Triassic period. Some scientists believe that this impact may have been responsible for a mass extinction associated with the loss of roughly 60 percent of all species. It has been proposed that the impact was created by an asteroid with a diameter of about 5 kilometers. The lake is bounded by erosion-resistant metamorphic and igneous rocks, and shock metamorphic effects are abundant in the target rocks of the crater floor. Today Lake Manicouagan serves as a reservoir and is one of Quebecs most important regions for Atlantic salmon fishing.
NASA image courtesy NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team.


Things You'll Need
Popsicle stick (optional)
Building a stingray is a great way to incorporate sea life into educational curriculum. This fun and interactive craft can help children learn about this unique creature while educating them on the ocean. Discuss stingrays, as well as other sea life within this ocean discovery lesson. Better understand the stingray and its surroundings through this enjoyable craft.
Gather the necessary materials to begin the craft. Make the stingray using coffee filters, construction paper, glue, googly eyes and washable markers. Incorporate other craft materials where necessary, giving unique additions to the project.
Video of the Day
Cut a regular-sized coffee filter into thirds. Use this triangular piece as the body of the stingray. Color the coffee filter the different colors and patterns using washable markers. Gently sprinkle the coffee filter with water allowing the marker to run, creating a tie-dyed, ocean-like appearance. Once the coffee filters have dried, trace them onto a piece of construction paper, mounting them to the paper with glue.
Add further detail to the stingray. Draw a face, bringing this cartoon-inspired craft to life. Complete the look with glued-on googly eyes and a pipe cleaner for the barbed tail. Use the other two coffee filters to make additional stingrays.
Use glue to attach a Popsicle stick to the underside of the stingray for a puppet-like model. Create a more ocean-based look by making an aquarium for the stingray. Glue the stingray to a full piece of paper. Decorate the piece of paper as an ocean scene, adding other fish, sand and seaweed. For a true ocean look, cover the piece of construction paper with blue cling wrap, creating an all-encompassing aquarium appearance.


Possible causes of gallbladder wall thickening
Normally, the gallbladder wall measures 3 mm or less in thickness.
What are the Possible causes of gallbladder wall thickening?
There are multiple etiologies for gallbladder wall thickening. Some of them are mentioned below.
- generalized edematous states (congestive heart failure, renal failure, hypoalbuminemia, cirrhosis)
- gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis or secondary inflammation from acute hepatitis)
- neoplasm (gallbladder adenocarcinoma, metastasis)
- Thickening of the gallbladder wall is a relatively frequent finding at diagnostic imaging studies.
Gallbladder wall thickening, associated with features like perforation, fistula formation and invasion of adjacent organs, is often assumed to be malignant.
Thickening of the gallbladder wall is a relatively frequent finding on diagnostic imaging. Such thickening is also a common but nonspecific finding in many patients with intrinsic gallbladder disease and extracholecystic conditions.
- Historically, a thick-walled gallbladder has been regarded as proof of primary gallbladder disease, and it is a well-known hallmark feature of acute cholecystitis.
- The finding itself, however, is non-specific and can be found in a wide range of gallbladder diseases and extracholecystic pathological conditions.
This is of clinical importance. Misinterpretation of the cause of thickening can trigger unnecessary cholecystectomies in patients without intrinsic gallbladder disease.
Also, misdiagnosis of patients who do in fact require cholecystectomy may delay treatment, thus increasing morbidity.
Wall thickening may be diagnostically problematic, occurring (as it does) in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and in those with and without indications for cholecystectomy.
An important first step is to distinguish between the diffuse and focal forms of thickening. Subsequently, identification of ancillary imaging findings and the directed use of additional imaging modalities allow accurate diagnosis.


Assignment Document: (for Clagett)
Composition in Photography The overall arrangement and organization of visual elements on a 2 dimensional surface.
Focal Point - aka fill the frame A composition device emphasizing a certain area or object that draws attention to the piece. Sharp/Crisp images in the foreground make great focal points
Framing- The subject of your photograph is framed by something within the image. This is not an actual picture frame.
Diagonal- Something within the picture frame that cuts across the page.
Rule of thirds- Divide your photo into thirds, both vertically and horizontally. Your subject should fall into one of the intersecting points. Your subject should weigh the picture to one side or the other.
Leading lines- Lines in a picture that lead your eye toward the subject matter or focal point.
Depth of Field- The amount of space around the subject that is in focus. A wide depth of field allows the subject and a background that is far away to be in focus while a narrow depth of field will only allow for the subject to be in focus.
Center dominant eye- in a close up portrait putting the one eye in the center of the shot
Symmetrical- a composition using equal symmetry on 2 sides.
Figure to Ground- Find contrast between subject and background.
Pattern and repetition- find patterns and patterns that get broken up


Hooves - Putting the Horse's Best Foot Forward
By Juliet M. Getty, Ph.D.
Hooves are made of a hard, crusty protein called keratin. You cannot add keratin by painting it on - it is produced by specialized cells within the hooves called keratinocytes, which rely on a nutrient-rich blood supply.
Key nutrients for hoof health include omega-3 fatty acids, quality protein, minerals (including copper, zinc, and silicon), beta carotene (which is used to make vitamin A), and the old standby - biotin (approximately 20 mg per day).
It's important to realize that hooves are low on your horse's list of priorities. Available nutrients will first be used for survival - feeding vital organs (heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, glands). If nutrients remain, they can be used to feed hoof tissue. Therefore, unhealthy hooves are an indication that there just aren't enough nutrients to go around. A forage-based diet, with proper vitamin/mineral supplementation to fill in nutritional gaps, will help ensure overall health, while protecting your horse's feet.
For Permission to Reprint
For permission to reprint this article, in part or in its entirety, please contact Dr. Juliet Getty directly at email@example.com.


Written by The Business Journal Staff
(AP) — Droves of baby starfish are returning to Oregon and Northern California’s shores after a wasting disease decimated whole populations of the creatures over the past two years along the West Coast.
Data collected by Oregon State University researchers shows an unprecedented number of baby starfish, or sea stars, survived the summer and winter of 2015, the Eureka Times Standard reported Saturday.
“When we looked at the settlement of the larval sea stars on rocks in 2014 during the epidemic, it was the same or maybe even a bit lower than previous years,” Oregon State University marine biology professor Bruce Menge said in a statement.
“But a few months later, the number of juveniles was off the charts — higher than we’d ever seen — as much as 300 times normal.”
A similar increase was found at sites just north of Trinidad, California, near Patrick’s Point State Park. A baby starfish boom also was noted in the summer of 2014 near Santa Cruz.
A virus killed millions of starfish on the Pacific Coast from Southern California to Alaska by causing them to lose their limbs and eventually disintegrate into slime and piles of tiny bones.
The cause of the massive outbreak remains unclear. Some have hypothesized it to be abnormally warm waters in the Pacific Ocean, which have wreaked havoc on marine ecosystems for the past two years.
Humboldt State University Marine Lab Director Brian Tissot disagrees with that hypothesis since the virus spread during colder months and didn’t expand as much during the abnormally warm 2015.
“There is no clear environmental cue,” Tissot said, adding the deadly wasting disease has declined in intensity but remains present.
Experts say that while it’s encouraging to see the abundance of baby starfish, the disease, competition and environmental factors make their survival difficult.


Yemeni children suffer of acute malnutrition
The lives of thousands of children and women are at stake, rising rates of acute malnutrition put too many women and children at risk while the consequences will be felt by Yemen for generations to come.
Yemeni children are suffering acute malnutrition at unprecedented rates as the world’s worst.
Yemen remains the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. Nearly 80 percent of the population – over 24 million people – require some form of humanitarian assistance and protection.
At least a quarter of a million pregnant or breastfeeding women are also in need of treatment for malnutrition.
A dangerous combination of factors, driven by War and economic decline, compound the situation for Yemen’s youngest children.
“We’ve been warning since July that Yemen is on the brink of a catastrophic food security crisis,” said Ms. Lise Grande, the Humanitarian Coordinator for Yemen. “If the war doesn’t end now, we are nearing an irreversible situation and risk losing an entire generation of Yemen’s young children.
Those predictions, from what we are gathering on the ground, are likely to be an underestimate. It is highly likely that the situation is worse than initially projected as conditions continue to worsen beyond the forecast levels.


Stop Flu at School Program Begins Today
The Hawaii State Department of Health’s annual Stop Flu at School program began today and will continue in more than 240 public, private and charter schools statewide through Feb. 28, 2017.
This marks the 10th year for the voluntary program, which administers free flu vaccinations to Hawai‘i students in kindergarten through eighth grade who are enrolled at participating schools.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends an annual flu vaccination for everyone six months and older.
Each year, flu causes millions of illnesses, hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations and thousands of deaths in the United States.
The most recent CDC report showed flu activity beginning to increase in the United States.
Influenza A viruses, often associated with more severe illness, especially in young children and people 65 and older, have been the most common circulating strains so far this season.
“Through the Stop Flu at School program, we hope to vaccinate many of our school-age children,” said Dr. Sarah Park, state epidemiologist. “Since flu can cause severe illness in people of all ages, we encourage everyone to talk to their doctor to learn more and get vaccinated. Vaccination is our best defense against the flu.”
For more information about the Stop Flu at School program, go online or call the Aloha United Way’s information and referral line at 2-1-1.
To locate a vaccinating pharmacy in your neighborhood, use the online DOH Vaccine Finder .
The Stop Flu at School program is an innovative partnership between DOH, Department of Education, Hawaii Association of Independent Schools and Hawaii Catholic Schools. The program is endorsed by the Hawaii Chapters of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians, and is made possible through funding from DOH, CDC and Hawaii Association of Health Plans.


Canoga (Also Known as Shut the Box)
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Canoga, also known as Shut the Box, Tric-Trac, Klackers, Zoltan Box, Batten Down the Hatches, and High Rollers, is a great game for developing number sense, fact fluency, and strategic thinking. It can be played alone, with a partner, or even with three or four people. The beautiful wood versions can be a little pricey, so here’s an inexpensive homemade version that will allow everyone to play (which is especially nice when first teaching the game to the class). Students choose between a regular (numbers 1–9) game board and a more advanced version (numbers 1–12).
We laminated ours on colorful tagboard, and they have held up very well over the years.
Each player needs a game board, place markers, and two dice.
After rolling the dice, the player covers up any number or combination of numbers to match the sum of their roll.
For example, if they rolled a 3 and a 3, they might choose to cover the 6, the 5 and 1, the 4 and 2, or 1, 2, and 3.
Traditionally, this player continues until they are “busted” (can’t place a marker), which is fine when playing alone, but we take turns when playing with a partner.
When both players are busted, they total the remaining visible numbers on their board. The partner with the lowest total is the winner. Students who are playing solo play again and try to beat their previous score.


There are various types of antivirus protection. Each type has different functions and it is important that you get the right antivirus protection for your system. Different kinds of antivirus programs provide different level of protection against the various types of infections.
The first two types of antivirus software offer protection from certain types of threats. The best example of this kind of protection is the Antivir software. This software offers full protection for your computer against the different forms of attacks. It even allows you to schedule automated scans, so that the computer can detect threats before they do any damage.
Another kind of software is the Anti Virus Program. This type of antivirus protection works in the same way as the above software. The only difference is that it does not need any installation and runs on its own. It also has the option of being able to run on multiple computers. In order to get the best protection, you should use a program that provides full protection.
The last type of antivirus protection is known as the Security Program. It works by scanning the computer for potential threats, and prevents them from being able to infect your system. The main purpose of the Security Program is to provide protection from viruses. The Security Program is the most important antivirus program because it works in combination with the Security Suite, which is another type of software that works on a similar concept. When you use the Security Program to protect your computer, you should use the Security Suite for additional protection. The Security Suite software helps detect potential threats on your computer and remove them.
There are a lot of other types of software available, which can be used to keep your computer safe. It is important to ensure that you get software that gives you complete protection. To help you get the best protection, there are several websites that provide you with all the software that you need. You just need to sign up and download them from these sites. Most of these websites also provide free updates so that you do not have to spend money on software when they are updated.
Getting the best antivirus protection is important if you want to keep your system safe. If you choose the right antivirus protection, then you will have better protection than if you do not use the right type of protection. In order to get the best protection, you need to find a program that has features that are able to detect threats and remove them completely. This means you need to get the software that detects the threats and removes them from your computer without leaving any trace.


Many or rather say most people who smoke cigarettes or tobacco in any form believe that the changed made to their lungs are just hypothetical. But in reality, it isn’t so. A smoker’s lung is significantly different from that of a non-smoker’s healthy lungs. Not only function, but the appearance also differs largely.
Look at the above diagram. And that’s not an exaggeration. A healthy lung (one on the left) is as it is in its natural form. It is visibly healthy. While a smoker’s lung is blackened and contains harmful particles formed in the lungs. The color comes from the inhalation of tiny carbon-based particles.
But what resonates with the argument that ‘Now nothing can be done so why not carry on!’ Well, the discoloration of the lungs might not go away but quitting smoking can slowly and steadily heal your lungs and get them to function normally.
In normal scenario, the air from outside is inhaled through the trachea and makes way through the bronchioles. Bronchioles carry clean air into your lungs and take out the carbon-dioxide. Also, the cilia present in the lungs clean any dust found in the air that you breathe.
But when you smoke there are many alien and harmful chemicals that affect your entire respiratory system at large. The cilia don’t work correctly making it difficult for your lungs to filter air. The bronchioles are also damaged and can lead to bronchitis or other diseases. Lung congestion, cough, pneumonia, are some of the effects. Chronic smokers are also prone to lung cancer and other life-threatening diseases.
So, if you are a smoker, it is high time you start caring about your lungs. To begin with, book an appointment with a chest specialist and start towards a healthier tomorrow.


After the Second World War dozens of men carry large bags of soil and plants on their backs up to the ruins of the castle and its sparse remaining walls. This is where André Gianton, the Maire of the time with the help of Jean Gastaud, father of the Exotic Garden in Monaco, decided to create an exotic garden. The site is well protected from the north winds by the Revère Plateau and the declivity of the rocky outcrop ensures good drainage. In other words, it was a perfect site for planting succulents such as cactus, agave and aloes.
On the photos dating back to that time one sees the ground dotted with young cacti and euphorbes, some still in their pots. The undertaking was a real challenge as well as something of a punt on the future but the success was such that a second phase of the garden soon followed.
The ruins at the summit of the garden are a reminder that the history of the castle is closely linked to that of the village. This was a coveted site that many different peoples occupied since the end of the Iron Age. The history of this area can be summed up as follows: around 220 BC the local populations settle on this rocky promontory for protection – some fragments of the protective walls dating back to this period still exist in the village. The locals, the “Ezasques”, built their houses in the protective shadow of the rock away from access routes. The fortress was constructed in the second half of the 12th century by the Lords of Eze. In order to guard the fortress the Counts of Provence and later the Dukes of Savoy relied on valiant soldiers called the “Castellans” who were posted for a year and who pledged to upkeep and protect the castle from falling into enemy hands.
In 1706, during the Spanish Wars, Louis XIV ordered the destruction of the fortress castle that belonged to the enemy Dukes of Savoy in order to prevent it ever being a threat again to the French.
During the Belle Epoch, the first tourists to this area make the arduous climb up from the seaside to the ruins of the castle in order to take advantage of the exceptional panoramic lookout. Once at the top, the elegant women would rest under their parasols and the men would remove their vests… A business-minded inhabitant set up a drink stand.


The distribution of fire on Earth has been monitored from space for several decades, yet the geography of global fire regimes has proven difficult to reproduce from interactions of climate, vegetation, terrain, land use and other human activities by empirical and process-based fire models. Here, we propose a simple, yet robust, model for the global distribution of fire potential based on fundamental biophysical constraints controlling fire activity in all biomes. In our ‘top-down’ approach we ignored the dynamics of individual fires and focus on capturing hydroclimatic constraints on the production and (seasonal) desiccation of fuels to predict the potential mean annual fractional burned area at 0.25° spatial resolution, here estimated by the 0.99 quantile of the observed mean annual fractional burned area () over the 1995-2016 period of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4). We show that 80% of the global variation in can be explained from a combination of mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. The proposed hydroclimatic model reproduced observed 0.99 quantile fire activity levels equally well across all biomes and provided the first objective underpinning for the dichotomy of global fire regimes in two domains characterised by either fuel production limitations on fire or fuel dryness limitations on fire. A sharp transition between the two climate-fire domains was found to occur at a mean annual aridity index of 1.9 (1.94 ± 0.02). Our model provides a simple but comprehensive basis for predicting fire potential under current and future climates, as well as an overarching framework for estimating effects of human activity via ignition regimes and manipulation of vegetation.


Chandrakanta Mourya and Nilima Varma
Chronic kidney disease has emerged as serious health problem of the enduring loss of kidney function. Dialysis is an easiest way to lead rest of the life with CKD, but there are many complications that have to be handled with great concern and preventative measure. This study focuses to assess and detect out the physical and nutritional complications arises in between two dialysis, as they require proper guidance and counseling regarding their nutrition intake especially calorie and protein intake. For this study dialysis dependent CKD patients are selected who were undergoing various anthropometry measurements, biochemical assessments, 24-hours dietary recall assessment to observe the nutritional deprivation during the two concurrent dialysis of the single patient.
This study concluded that the nutritional instability is major complication in dialysis dependent CKD patients. As, dialysis is the only a stand by treatment for these patients which is accompanied with many complications therefore, it is necessary to timely identify the nutritional problem of the patients and provide high-quality nutritive support to reduce the complication like severe malnutrition and other associated obstacles
Keywords: Kidney Function, dialysis, creatinine levels, biochemical profile, Protein and calorie, blood pressure etc.


Republic of Togo
Togo is a sub-Saharan West African country that shares borders with Ghana to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, and Benin to the east. It had an estimated population of 7.8 million inhabitants in 2017, with a demographic growth rate of about 2.5%. Togo is a low-income country with an average per capita income of US$ 611 in 2017. The capital city, Lomé, sits on the coast near the border with Ghana and has about 800,000 inhabitants. Lomé has the only deep-water port in West Africa, making the city an important transport hub for transit trade to landlocked neighboring countries. The main economic activities are agriculture, phosphate mining, and trade and transportation of goods. Agriculture employs about 66% of the population and accounts for about of 41.3 % GDP. The secondary sector, including phosphate mining, cement manufacturing, construction, and energy, employs about 12% of the population and accounts for about 16.8% of GDP in 2017. Services, dominated by commerce and transportation, employ about 21% of the population and contribute about 29.8% to GDP in 2017. Togo is ranked at 166th out of 187 countries in the Human Development Index (2015).


Torcal de Antequera
Rare karst landscape eroded from a flat seabed.
Looking almost completely manmade, the karst formations of Torcal de Antequera formed over millions of years, and left behind a magnificent geological sculpture garden featuring rocks that predate some dinosaurs.
The limestone bed of the area was first formed during the Jurassic period, 150 million years ago. At the time, it was a completely flat seabed. However, time and erosion led to a series of fractures that delicately carved the rock into a living art-scape, changing over the millennia and becoming more intricate.
Today, visitors flock to the area to see the latest stage of the karst formation’s evolution. Seemingly unstable towers give climbers a view over fields of rocks that have formed caves, tunnels and rocky outcroppings that have been affectionately named based on their resemblance to camels, jugs and the Sphinx. Besides rock formations, visitors should also keep a keen eye out for the rare Spanish Ibex, which roam the rugged terrain.
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How to protect your knees when cycling and how to deal with injuries
Cycling is a very good fitness and leisure sport, but this type of outdoor sport is dangerous. In the event of injury, how to deal with accidental injuries quickly and effectively is a top priority. The following is a summary experience of many friends.
Cycling is an ideal exercise for the knees. Doctors will also recommend people with bad knees to exercise by guessing a bicycle. This is because cycling basically does not bear any pressure on the knees and will not be impacted by external forces under normal circumstances. Its extension range is also within the normal range of knee movement. However, studies have shown that if the cyclist does not operate properly, the knee can also be injured. Injuries caused by this cause account for about 80% of all knee injuries. Bicycles are completely symmetrical, but the human body is not. Various differences in the human body (such as the length of the legs, flat feet, etc.) will be exposed during cycling. After cycling for two hours, the knee needs to be bent about 10,000 times. If the knee is painful, apply ice to the knee, but the limit is 20 minutes.
Solution: If the pain point is in front of the knee, raise the seat cushion by 2~3mm. If the pain point is behind the knee, lower the seat cushion by 2~3mm. Choose a light gear ratio or an easier route so that your rotation can be at least 60 revolutions per minute. When climbing, the muscles are often used alternately in sitting or standing positions. Adjust the seat cushion to a suitable height. Generally, there are two ways to determine the height of the seat cushion. One is the span length*0.886, and the other is to sit on the bike and use the heel to step on the lowest point of the pedal to just straighten the seat cushion height! After a knee injury, if you are able to move, you still need to maintain a reasonable amount of exercise; do not use gears that have a too large transmission ratio, which is more difficult to pedal; use self-locking pedals, which can correct your incorrect pedaling method and protect your knees; Perform the correct warm-up exercises. When the weather is cold, the human body sends blood back to the heart, and the blood circulation at the joints is reduced. You must pay attention to keeping your knees warm! When the weather is cold, you should wear knee pads or long ankle-length trousers!


Gun Control Legislation
One of the most controversial aspects in modern American culture is that of guns and gun control. Even mentioning the words "gun control legislation" in some areas ignites fierce debate on either side of the issue. Despite its abnormally high homicide by firearm rates, the United States continues to support a very broad definition of the Second Amendment. Given its frontier history, the issue of guns in American society has been woven into the very fabric of the nation.
The Second Amendment in the Bill of Rights reads, entirely: "A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." There are many who believe that this prohibits the government (on any level) from passing any type of gun control legislation. In 2008, the Supreme Court upheld in District of Columbia v. Heller the individual right to keep arms for self-defense. This was a landmark ruling in favor of the pro-gun side of the issue.
Supporters of gun control legislation argue that the Second Amendment is not an unlimited license to own as many guns as one wants, and that stricter control on the sale and ownership of guns, especially handguns and automatic weapons, would significantly reduce the high rates of homicide experienced across the United States. Given the strong feelings on both sides of the issue, gun control legislation is unlikely to fade as a divisive issue in America.