Thinking what to do with kids in Kyiv? Why not visit botanical gardens? As a rule, chestnuts in Kyiv start blooming in the middle of May. But not all of them. In the National Botanical Garden named after Hryshko, a special kind of chestnuts known as a "symbol of the capital" is growing – bush chestnuts, according to VechirniyKyiv.
‘Did you know that not all chestnuts are trees? And their flowering is not limited to spring time? In our botanical garden chestnuts are blooming in the midst of the summer, as it is typical for this species. Aesculus parviflora Walt, chestnut fractional flower, is blooming now, as it blossoms much later than the rest of the species. Its natural area is North America. The bush has grown up to 4 m high,’ explains the staff of the garden.
The bushes of this species can grow up to 5 meters. Unlike other chestnuts, in autumn leaves of this species do not burst, but acquires an attractive bright yellow color. Chestnuts themselves also look interesting, as they do not look like "hedgehogs", but rather like nuts.
Address: Hryshko National Botanical Garden, Temeryazivska street 1.


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It's found wherever there are clumps of deciduous trees, especially trembling aspen and birch.
The male and the female are almost identical, the male is larger. It has spotted and striped plumage that varies from pale gray to brown. Their plumage provides excellent camouflage. The ruffed grouse measures 45 centimeters and weighs about 500 grams, which is about the weight of a cucumber. It has a wingspan of 60 cm. The grouse lives on average 7 years.
The grouse feeds only on plants. In winter, it mainly eats aspen catkins and buds and birches. In summer, the grouse eats buds, leaves and twigs. It does not migrate and spends its entire life in a territory of a few hectares. Drumming, a sound we hear and which often indicates its presence, comes from the sound of flapping wings.
The Ruffed Grouse is specially adapted to the rigors of winter. It can walk on the surface of the snow thanks to its "snowshoes", a sort of lateral extension of the scales of its paws. It also buries itself in the snow, which protects it from the cold and predators.
It is often called a partridge, but it is not! The partridge is a rather gray European bird that was introduced in Quebec, it is the cousin of the grouse.
It can hover in place and pivot mid-air to penetrate dense brush.


Resistors, Resistor Color Codes, Resistor Color Code Calculator
Resistors, like diodes and relays, are another of the electronic parts that should have a section in the installer's parts bin. They have become a necessity for the mobile electronics installer, whether it be for door locks, parking lights, timing circuits, remote starts, LED's, or just to discharge a stiffening capacitor.
Resistors "resist" the flow of electrical current. The higher the value of resistance (measured in ohms) the lower the current will be.
Resistors are color coded. To read the color code of a common 4 band 1K ohm resistor with a 5% tolerance, start at the opposite side of the GOLD tolerance band and read from left to right. Write down the corresponding number from the color chart below for the 1st color band (BROWN). To the right of that number, write the corresponding number for the 2nd band (BLACK) . Now multiply that number (you should have 10) by the corresponding multiplier number of the 3rd band (RED)(100). Your answer will be 1000 or 1K. It's that easy.
* If a resistor has 5 color bands, write the corresponding number of the 3rd band to the right of the 2nd before you multiply by the corresponding number of the multiplier band. If you only have 4 color bands that include a tolerance band, ignore this column and go straight to the multiplier.
If a resistor does not have a tolerance band, start from the band closest to a lead. This will be the 1st band. If you are unable to read the color bands, then you'll have to use your multimeter. Be sure to zero it out first!


python Online Training In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana
Opening Hours :7AM to 9PM
Python as a whole can be used in any sphere of development.
Let us see what are the major regions where Python proves to be handy.
1) Console Based Application
Python can be used to develop console based applications. For example: IPython.
2) Audio or Video based Applications
Python proves handy in multimedia section. Some of real applications are: TimPlayer, cplay etc.
3) 3D CAD Applications
Fandango is a real application which provides full features of CAD.
4) Web Applications
Python can also be used to develop web based application. Some important developments are: PythonWikiEngines, Pocoo, PythonBlogSoftware etc.
5) Enterprise Applications
Python can be used to create applications which can be used within an Enterprise or an Organization. Some real time applications are: OpenErp, Tryton, Picalo etc.
6) Applications for Images
Using Python several application can be developed for image. Applications developed are: VPython, Gogh, imgSeek etc.
There are several such applications which can be developed using Python
HOW TO INSTALL PYTHON
1. To install Python, firstly download the Python distribution from www.python.org/download.
2. Having downloaded the Python distribution now execute it. Double click on the downloaded software. Follow the steps for installation:
Click the Finish button and Python will be installed on your system.


Spinal stenosis is a condition that causes a narrowing of the spinal canal. Back pain may occur as the spinal cord is impinged upon by the surrounding bone. A variety of effective treatments ranging from physical therapy to spinal surgery are available to lessen back pain and restore quality of life.
Causes of Spinal Stenosis
Arthritis of the spine is the most frequent cause of spinal stenosis. As you age, the discs that cushion the vertebrae of your spine begin to dry out and degenerate. This causes a settling, or compressing, of the spine. When this occurs, pressure on the facet joints between the vertebrae increases and the space through which your spinal cord travels becomes narrower. Bone growth in response to arthritic joints in the spine may cause further narrowing of the spinal canal.
Symptoms of Spinal Stenosis
Although many individuals suffering from spinal stenosis experience back pain, others do not. Additional symptoms of this condition include sciatica, which is a painful or burning sensation in the legs or buttocks. You may also experience tingling or numbness in the buttocks and legs or weakness in the legs and feet. The pain experienced by those with spinal stenosis is often reduced with sitting or leaning forward. You may feel more pain or experience weakness when you stand or walk, especially for extended distances.
Treatments for Spinal Stenosis
Effective pain relief may be achieved through physical therapy or medication such as steroid injections or anti-inflammatory drugs. Other non-surgical options for spinal stenosis pain relief include acupuncture and chiropractic adjustment to promote healing and increase strength. Your doctor may suggest spinal surgery if other treatments fail to address your condition. A surgeon can perform either a laminectomy to remove excess bone or a spinal fusion to promote spinal stability.
You can get all the answers to your spinal stenosis questions by scheduling an appointment at The Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders.
The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing medical advice. You should contact your doctor to obtain advice with respect to any particular medical issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create a doctor-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the medical office or any individual doctor or physician.


Uronarti Regional Archaeology Project, Sudan
Laurel Bestock and Christian Knoblauch, co-directors
Uronarti, an island in the Nile in Lower Nubia (modern Sudan), was the site of a major fortress constructed by the kings of the Egyptian Twelfth Dynasty. An original string of more than a dozen fortresses secured the important military and trade corridor between Egypt and the growing state of Kerma to the south. They were used for over 150 years, until a weakened monarchy in Egypt was no longer able to support them. Despite their military grandeur, the forts show little sign of ever having been attacked. The threat they offered and the tight administration over people and goods moving through the area provided the control Egypt sought.
Of the original fortresses, only two remain above water after the creation of the lake behind the Aswan High Dam. The area today is almost entirely unpopulated and had not seen archaeological research since the construction of the dam in the 1960s. Uronarti itself was initially dug in the late 1920s and early 1930s in a series of lightening-fast campaigns overseen by Noel Wheeler. The URAP was founded in 2012, and is a joint mission of Brown University and Swansea University, in cooperation with the National Corporation for Antiquities and Museums in Sudan. Our aim is to bring not only new questions – our views of colonialism have changed dramatically since the early 20th century – but new archaeological and technological tools to the study of this ancient place and its people. We are working to document the fortress but also to excavate the remains of human activity outside it, to better comprehend its setting in a complex physical and cultural landscape, and to illuminate the relationships between Egypt and Nubia at the edges of their worlds.


A rounded bottom is a key feature of many watercraft, including sailboats, motorboats, and even canoes. At first glance, it may seem like an aesthetic choice or a feature that doesn’t have much impact on the boat’s performance. However, the rounded bottom of a boat is actually a crucial design element that plays a significant role in how the vessel handles on the water.
The primary purpose of a boat’s rounded bottom is to improve its stability in choppy or rough water. When waves and currents are present, a flat or hard chine bottom can cause the boat to rock and roll, making it more difficult to maneuver and potentially leading to capsizing or other dangerous situations. A rounded hull, on the other hand, distributes the boat’s weight and buoyancy more evenly, reducing the amount of side-to-side movement and making the vessel more stable.
Another advantage of a rounded bottom is that it creates less drag, allowing the boat to move more efficiently through the water. This is particularly important for longer vessels, such as sailboats or yachts, that need to maintain their speed over longer distances. A boat with a flat or angular bottom will create more resistance against the water, causing it to lose speed and use more fuel in the process.
Of course, the shape and size of a boat’s rounded bottom will vary depending on the type of vessel and its intended use. For example, sailboats typically have a deeper keel and a more pronounced curvature to help them maintain their course and counteract the force of the wind. On the other hand, powerboats often have a shallower V-hull, which provides a more stable ride at high speeds.
Overall, a boat’s rounded bottom is a critical design element that can make all the difference in how it handles on the water. Whether you’re planning on racing, cruising, or fishing, choosing a boat with the right hull shape and size can improve your safety and enjoyment on the water. So if you’re in the market for a new boat, be sure to consider the importance of a rounded bottom in your selection process!


HM 140 uses sand as an example to demonstrate important phenomena of bed-load transport in the area near the bottom. Open-channel flow without sediment transport is also possible. Discharge can be subcritical or supercritical.
The core element of the HM 140 experimental flume with closed water circuit is the inclining experimental section. The side walls of the experimental section are made of tempered glass, which allows excellent observation of the experiments. All components that come into contact with water are made of corrosion-resistant materials (stainless steel, glass reinforced plastic). The inlet element is designed so that the flow enters the experimental section with very little turbulence and no sediment can flow back. The tank after the water outlet contains a sediment trap for coarse sand.
The inclination of the experimental flume can be finely adjusted to produce slope and to create a uniform flow at a constant discharge depth.
In addition to bed-load transport in open channels, some models can also be used to observe fluvial obstacle marks, namely scour formation and siltation at structures. A rounded-nosed pier or a sluice gate can be inserted into the experimental section.
The discharge is measured via a measuring weir in the water outlet and a level gauge.
A contrast medium can be injected to visualise the flow conditions.


FORDSON Tractors History
The Fordson tractor is one of the brightest symbols of the "tractorization" of our country. It is often seen on propaganda posters of the 1920s and 1930s, and can be seen in many newsreels and feature films.
It is easy to guess that the famous industrialist Henry Ford, who invented not only cars, but also other equipment, had a hand in the creation of "Fordson". He perfectly saw the prospects of production in parallel with the automobile production and tractor equipment. However, the shareholders of "Ford Motor Company" did not accept Ford's proposals for the development of the tractor theme and blocked the diversion of funds to experiments with agricultural machines. In response, Ford and his son Edsel, as private individuals, formed Henry Ford and Son in Dearbron, Michigan in 1916. Its products had a new brand - "Fordson". The first-born of the plant, developed in 1915 by the designers of the development department of the "Ford Motor Company" Jozsef Galamb and Eugene Farkas, had a 20 hp engine. The number of gears was three forward and one backward.
Ford's new business did not fail - inexpensive and functional Fordson tractors, costing about $ 400, very soon flooded the fields of the United States. In 1919, Ford built another tractor plant in the Irish city of Cork (in his father's homeland), and Fordson quickly gained popularity on the European continent. Ford managed to beat all competitors not only due to the reduction in the cost of parts and assemblies produced by the flow method, but also due to the simplicity of the Fordson design. It had a rigid structure of engine, gearbox and rear axle, which made it possible to abandon the heavy steel frame and reduce the weight to 1130 kg. And to this day, the frameless layout is considered the benchmark for wheeled tractors produced by equipment manufacturers around the world.


Gun Violence in America
Lauren Woods exhibit entitled, American MONUMENT, sparked a much needed discussion about gun violence in our modern day America. It all began with artist, Lauren Woods. Woods designed an interactive exhibit featuring audio as well as documents of 25 American cases of black citizens that were killed by white police officers. She put her exhibit on pause after the termination former UAM director Kimberli Meyer, whom Woods collaborated with. This situation epitomizes the current situation of America today. Not enough attention is drawn to gun violence. Every so often a mass number of people are shot and we see it on the news, but 96 people are killed every day in America due to firearms. While Black people are not the only victims of gun violence, Black males are 16 times more likely to be shot and injured in an assault than white males. We do have laws set in place to regulate the purchasing of firearms, however, these regulations vary from state to state, and loopholes are formed. Only three states require customers to obtain permits to purchase a firearm. Now, the flip side of this is the concern for safety. People worry that there are lunatics out there with guns, ready to kill, so therefore they themselves need a gun for protection. This is where the controversy strikes. Where do we draw the line? There are people out there who will get their guns illegally and gun regulations would be a mere obstacle. However for the majority, stricter gun laws and elimination of loopholes could save hundreds of lives and prevent catastrophic events.


Droughts and floods are expected to grow more common and severe as our planet heats and climate changes, but identifying this on regional and continental sizes has proven challenging. A new NASA-led study reveals that catastrophic droughts and pluvials – times of excessive precipitation and water storage on land – are becoming increasingly common.
Two NASA scientists studied 20 years of data from the NASA/German GRACE and GRACE-FO satellites to detect exceptional wet and dry episodes in a paper released on March 13, 2023. Floods and droughts generate more than 20% of the economic losses caused by extreme weather events in the United States each year.
The economic consequences are comparable throughout the world, though the human toll tends to be most devastating in poor neighborhoods and developing nations.
The scientists also found that the worldwide intensity of these extreme wet and dry events – a metric that combines extent, duration, and severity – is closely linked to global warming.
The frequency of extreme wet and dry events was four per year from 2015 to 2021, compared to three per year in the previous 13 years, and we know that warmer air causes more moisture to evaporate from Earth’s surface during dry events; warm air can also hold more moisture to fuel severe snowfall and rainfall events.
By far the most intense event identified in the study was a pluvial that began in 2019 in central Africa and is still ongoing. It has caused the level of Lake Victoria to rise by more than one meter. A 2015-2016 drought in Brazil was the most intense dry event of the past two decades, leading to empty reservoirs, and water rationing across some Brazilian cities.
Climate change may be an abstract concept, but the effects on the water cycle are real. Global warming will bring more severe droughts and wet periods, affecting people, the economy, and agriculture all across the planet. Monitoring hydrological extremes is critical for anticipating, mitigating, and adjusting to future disasters.
Reference- Nature Water, NOAA, National Geographic, NASA Study
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The classic symptom of PAD (peripheral artery disease) is pain in the legs with exertion such as walking, which is relieved by resting. However, up to 40% of individuals with PAD have no leg pain.
Untreated, PAD can lead to non-healing wounds, gangrene, and loss of limbs.
Risk Factors for PAD
High blood pressure
Older than age 60
Aortic Aneurysm Facts
Aortic aneurysms caused 9,863 deaths in 2014.
Thoracic aortic aneurysms are usually caused by high blood pressure or sudden injury.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms are usually caused by atherosclerosis (hardened arteries).
Abdominal aortic aneurysms often don’t have any symptoms.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that men aged 65–75 years who have ever smoked should get an ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms, even if they have no symptoms.
Arterial Disease Detection
Fortunately, there are simple, noninvasive, and affordable screening tests available to detect narrowing of the arteries of the neck and legs and to detect silent abdominal aortic aneurysms.
If a vascular screening test detects anything of concern, there are a variety of imaging examinations to provide a comprehensive assessment of the degree and extent of arterial disease including
Arterial duplex sonography


The Anti-doping programmes seek to preserve what is intrinsically valuable about sport. The spirit of sport is the celebration of the human spirit, body and mind, and is reflected in values we find in and through sport, including:
- Ethics, fair play and honesty
- Excellence in performance
- Character and education
- Fun and joy
- Dedication and commitment
- Respect for rules and laws
- Respect for self and other Participants
- Community and solidarity
Doping is fundamentally contrary to the spirit of sport
What is Doping?
Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs):
- Presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete’s sample
- Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method
- Refusing to submit to sample collection after being notified
- Failure to file athlete whereabouts information and missed tests
- Tampering with any part of the doping control process
- Processing of a prohibited substance or method
- Trafficking a prohibited substance or method
- Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method to an athlete
- Complicity in an ADRV
- Prohibited association with athlete support personnel who has engaged in doping
Why is doping in sport prohibited?
The use of doping substances or doping methods to enhance performance is fundamentally wrong and is detrimental to the overall spirit of sport. Drug misuse can be harmful to an athlete’s health and to other athletes competing in the sport. It severely damages the integrity, image and value of sport, whether or not the motivation to use drugs is to improve performance. To achieve integrity and fairness in sport, a commitment to clean sport is critical.


Canadians often take pride in the country’s multiculturalism. However, recent years have seen more and more discussion about the ongoing impact of racism in Canada.
Today we are releasing overall results from a new survey on public attitudes around racism, diversity, and immigration.
We find that across a number of measures, negative attitudes about diversity, immigration, and minority groups are on the decline. In 2007, 27% said more needed to be done for ‘racial minorities’ in Canada, versus 30% who said less. Today, we see that 55% say more should be done, compared to just 9% who say less.
We also see that, negative attitudes towards specific ethnic, cultural, or religious groups are on the decline. For example, negative attitudes towards Muslim Canadians declined from 37% in 2007 to just 17% now.
Even as fewer Canadians are expressing these negative attitudes, more are saying that discrimination is not just an issue from the past – but is still a serious issue today.
For this analysis above we combine two questions. One asking how serious an issue discrimination was historically, and the second how serious it still is today. We group Canadians based on their answers to both questions, and find that the group who believes discrimination to be a serious issue both historically and still today has grown from 35% to 50% since January 2019.
These results come from an online survey conducted from June 17th to June 30th with a weighted sample size of 1,500 Canadian residents. For detailed results, download our full report here


Here are some new trends in picture books for 2013:
1. Universal and timeless themes sell.
2. Picture books are getting shorter since parents and/or children are getting busier and busier.
3. Quirky, sophisticated artwork is in demand.
4. Folktales and fairy tales are predicted to make a comeback.
5. With the implementation of the Common Core Standards in the United States, there will be a resurgence of picture books for school age children. The following genres will be in demand: non-fiction, narrative non-fiction, fiction with a non-fiction link and fiction with non-fiction back matter (biography, glossary).
According to Scholastic, here are some timely topics in picture books:
2. Science Fiction
3. Intriguing Non-Fiction
5. Kid Lit on the Screen
7. Tough Girls
8. Survival Stories
10. Nature Runs Amok
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MSC is an 8-week training program designed to cultivate the skill of self-compassion. Based on the groundbreaking research of Kristin Neff and the clinical expertise of Christopher Germer, MSC teaches core principales and practices that enable participants to respond to difficult moments in their lives with kindness, care and understanding. The three key components of self-compassion are self-kindness, a sense of common humanity and balanced mindful awareness. Together they comprise a state of warm-hearted, connected presence.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
This 8-week course is one of the most widely-researched and established mindfulness courses taught around the world. This course is highly recommended to people who are committed to building a solid mindfulness practice and cultivating skills that can be applied to everyday situations. It takes this kind of repetition over time to form new patterns of thinking and habits. Participants learn skills to cultivate present focused attention as well as a friendly kind attitude towards experiences. Through practices one discovers and observes how they react to life’s difficulties and learns that they can choose to respond with more clarity and wisdom.
This is an 8-week training designed for adults working in educational settings. It helps them to gain first hand understanding of mindfulness as a skill that can be cultivated and incorporated into daily life. This course has been created by the Mindfulness in Schools Project, a non-profit organization whose aim is to encourage, support and research the teaching of secular mindfulness in schools. The course is based on core mindfulness principles of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and this can be the first step towards satisfying pre-requisites for being eligible to attend the .b teacher training course to teach mindfulness to teenagers as well as the paws.b teacher training course to teach mindfulness to children ages 7-11.


Music Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease
As pain is a predominant feature associated with sickle cell disease, we focus on pain management provided through music therapy. Additional goals of care address psychosocial issues related to coping with chronic illness, which is especially important for reducing levels of emotional stress. Music therapy can help to reduce physical pain and prevent a sickle cell crisis. A medical music psychotherapy approach addresses physiological symptoms of pain and all thoughts and feelings of patients who experience chronic and acute pain.
Clinical improvisation provides an alternative, nonverbal means of release for a patient in pain. Active music listening techniques including music visualization, redirection, and music-assisted relaxation may reduce the perception of pain as well as decrease stress.
Our expert team of music therapists offer the most current medical music psychotherapy techniques in pain management, sedation and breathing modalities of music, and healing. Music therapy sessions may include live improvisation, drumming, gong and vibration, toning, guided visualization, song writing, song sensitization, and music meditation with the guidance of a music therapist.
Clinical services currently available can include:
- Integrative multi-modal project groups that include the use of art, writing, photography, and body movement. The group has the opportunity to share these projects and their work with creative arts modalities with the community during open functions
- Monthly support group sessions for outpatient adults with sickle cell disease. The group gathers once a month to share the experience of living with sickle cell anemia and to explore the healing properties of music for pain-reduction, tension release and stress-reduction to improve quality of life by creating meaningful musical experiences
- Music therapy to provide individual bedside sessions to provide continuity of care during a sickle cell crisis


Hel'kath-haz'zurim (Heb. Chelkath'hats-Tsutrms', חֶלקִתאּהִצֻּרַים,plot of the rocks), a designation of the plain just below the pool of Gibeon, on the east, acquired from the deadly combat between twelve of Ishbosheth's men and as many of David's, which formed a prelude to the general engagement (2Sa 2:16). SEE GIBEON. As to the name, "Ewald approves the reading which the Sept. seem to have followed (μερὶς τῶν ἐπιβούλων, apparently from their reading הִצָּרַים), as that which alone gives a suitable meaning to the name (Gesch. Isr. 2, 575, note 1). Gesenius renders by 'the field of swords,' which can hardly be admitted; for, though צוּר is used in the sense of an 'edge,' it is never used simply for 'sword.' Furst gives Felsenkahlheit, 'rock-smoothness,' as the meaning, the place being smooth and level as a surface of rock. Aquila gives κλῆρος τῶν στερεῶν, and the Vulg. Ager robustorum, taking צוּר in a figurative sense, of which, however, there is no other instance"
⇒Bible concordance for HELKATH-HAZZURIM.


Most of us aren’t fond of our flab but perhaps it’s time to see it in a new light. Fat cells may be among our first line of defence against pathogens.
“Fat has an additional role we didn’t suspect,” says Jay Kolls of the University of Pittsburgh.
Beyond physical barriers such as skin, our main protection against marauding bacteria and viruses is the immune system. This is a complex network of cells with sophisticated weapons such as antibodies, which recognise and destroy foreign cells and proteins. But although many microbes multiply rapidly, it can take days for antibody production to ramp up. It now seems fat cells also play a defensive role – and they respond more speedily than many parts of the immune system.
A team led by Richard Gallo of the University of California, San Diego, injected mice with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria under the skin. Within hours, the subcutaneous fat cells had released a chemical called cathelicidin. This is thought to disrupt bacterial cell membranes and is also known to harm viruses, although it is unclear exactly how.
Compared with these animals, another set of mice that had been genetically modified to have hardly any fat cells developed much worse infections when exposed to the bacteria. This suggests the cathelicidin-producing fat cells had a protective effect.
Gallo’s team was also able to show that human fat cells grown in the lab secrete cathelicidin, so something similar may happen in people.
But more fat does not equal more protection. In fact, people who are obese have a higher rate of soft-tissue infections. Kolls thinks this might be because obese people are more likely to have type 2 diabetes, in which fat cells are resistant to insulin. This may also reduce cathelicidin production. “A little bit of fat is good – too much is not good,” he says.
Journal reference: Science, doi.org/x2w


Japan inked the Tripartite Pack with Italy and Germany in September 1940 to get engaged officially in World War 2 and become a part of the Axis Powers.
Under the treaty, the three aggressive nations agreed to offer military aid to one another in case of any attack launched on them by a nations that has not yet engaged itself in the war.
In the same month, Japan launched an attack for occupying French Indochina and the US, which was not playing a proactive role in the War retaliated by imposing economic sanctions, with an embargo on steel and oil.
Japan instigated a raucous attack on American, Dutch and British controlled territories along the Asia Pacific region in December 1941.
Japanese fighter planes bombarded Pearl Harbor, the US naval base situated near Honolulu, Hawaii Island.
The ghastly attack claimed the life of nearly 2,500 mariners and also destroyed or damaged 18 ships and the US reciprocated by declaring war on Japan a day after the Pearl Harbor bombing.
Japanese invasions encompassed a cosmic area of western Asia-Pacific and south-east Asia by June 1942.
The prisoners of war and captivated civilians under Japanese occupied territories were subjected to inhuman tortures violating the Geneva Convention and forced to toil hard for their subjugators under adverse conditions and ambiance, which has been brilliantly depicted in Academy Award winning movie Bridge on the River Kawai, directed by David Lean.
Over the next seven month period, Japan expanded its wings by occupying Philippines, South Korea, Burma (Myanmar), British Singapore, New Guinea and the Dutch West Indies along with several other territories in Asia-Pacific and Southeast Asia.
However, the fortune of the Axis powers started reversing from June 1942 during the Battles of Midway and Guadalcanal and a series of bomb-raid allover Japan.
By mid of 1944, the Japanese army led by General Hideki Tojo realized that victory was implausible but did not stop its assaults on the Anti-Axis forces until the US dropped two atom bombs, first at Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 and then at Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, forcing Japan to admit defeat.
In a radio broadcast on August 15, 1945, Japanese Emperor Hirohito announced the unconditional surrender of his country to the US-led Alied Forces.
Japan signed the instrument of surrender on September 2, 1945, thereby officially ending World War 2.


Where are you going, who else is going, when will you be back, is your homework done? 4 commonly asked questions to your teenager. But do we proceed that with a hug?
We’ve learned that babies won’t thrive without the touch of another human’s holding and affection, yet knowing this, it is not uncommon for parents to stop hugging their kids as they reach puberty. Medical studies also confirm that the health benefits of physical touch extend as we age.
Adolescents can be an extremely difficult period of life, for both young adults, teens and parents. Young adults and teens are spreading their wings, and attempting to make good decisions. Many times acceptance of peers becomes a major source of stress, and low self-esteem. Making sure that your young adult is accepted in the home can relieve some of this stress, and build a stronger bond. Hugs are a great way to help ease this stress, and provide a safe and secure environment for your teen.
Daughter’s don’t seem to lose their affection with parents like sons do. A son’s relationship with his parents is a prototype for how he’ll relate to his family one day. Many times fathers and sons lose those hugs as a boy gets older. Father’s feel the need to teach their sons to be “men”, and somewhere in that transition they become less affectionate.
But don’t lose hope. Hugs are the ultimate, but touching is important too, even if it’s a pat on the back, a tussle of the hair, or even a knuckle punch once in a while. Once your teen becomes comfortable with these playful forms of affection, hugs are just around the corner.
So relieve your stress, lower your blood pressure, and increase your heart beat. . . . go hug your teen!


In the remote jungles of South America, a truly unique sight has been discovered; a snake with five heads! This is more than just a freak of nature – it’s a true wonder that has fascinated biologists and animal lovers alike.
This five-headed snake, known as the Cerberus, is a rare and wondrous species that was discovered in the wild. It is a true marvel of nature, with long, sinewy bodies and five distinct heads that all work independently.
The Cerberus snake has long been regarded as one of the most mysterious creatures of the Amazon, with stories of its existence circulating for years. However, it wasn’t until recently that scientists were able to study this incredible creature up close.
So how does a snake manage to grow five heads? Scientists believe that the Cerberus is the result of a genetic mutation, which caused several embryos to fuse together early in development. This is known as a polycephalic condition, and while it is rare, it has been seen before in other animals, such as cats and dogs.
Despite the Cerberus’s unique appearance, researchers believe that the snake is able to function relatively normally. Each head has its own brain and nervous system, which gives the snake a remarkable level of control and coordination. This allows the Cerberus to hunt and move with precision, even though it has five heads to contend with.
The discovery of the Cerberus snake has caused a great deal of excitement among wildlife enthusiasts and biologists alike. It is a true testament to the diverse and fascinating nature of the animal kingdom, and is sure to provide insight into the workings of this mysterious species.
But this discovery is also a reminder that our world contains a great number of fascinating and unique creatures that we have yet to discover. As we continue to explore the vast jungles and forests of our planet, who knows what other incredible creatures we may find waiting for us?


- Series:Astronomy, Transcript English
“And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.”
One passage of the Bible that a lot of people stumble over is found in Joshua 10. The Israelites were engaged in a battle with Adonizedek, King of Jerusalem. In order to gain success, Joshua prayed to the Lord, “Sun, stand still at Gibeon.” As a result of this prayer, the sun stayed in the sky for a whole day. In other words, sunset to sunset lasted 48 hours instead of the normal 24.
Those who want to criticize the Bible maintain that this could not possibly have happened, posing problems such as people and objects flying off the Earth by inertia.
These problems are not really valid. The Earth would not have had to stop rotating. Perhaps it could have slowed to half its rotation speed, with a decent deceleration of a few minutes – though that is only speculation on my part.
Recently, a science news article has suggested that the account might refer to an eclipse rather than a change of movement. Scientists at Cambridge University point to an Annular Eclipse of the Sun on October 30, 1207 BC. However, this does not explain the length of the day. Moreover, Archbishop Ussher, careful researcher that he was, dates the event at 1451 BC, nearly 250 years earlier. While Ussher does allow for margin of error, he is unlikely to have been so far off.
Whatever the truth is, the Bible records the sun standing still as a real event. We can accept that truth even if we do not yet know how it happened.
Lord, we know that You are capable of all things. Nothing is impossible for You. Therefore, we know that what You have caused to be in the Bible must have happened just as You said that it did. Amen
Author: Paul F. Taylor
Ref: Daily Telegraph, , accessed 10/31/2017. Image: Sunset in Portugal, License: Creative Commons Attribution, Share-alike 3.0 Unported.


Seismic strengthening and energy dissipation systems are viable design strategies that have already been used for seismic mitigation of a number of buildings.
Seismic Architecture and Strenghtening
Seismic Risk and Mitigation Systems
Seismic Strengthening Retrofitting would have minimized or even eliminated the damage done to this California building during an earthquake. The building was deemed unsafe and was subsequently thorn down. Isolation systems absorb the tremors, minimizing loss of structural integrity. Retrofitting support beams and cross braces strengthens the structure while at the same time absorb shocks throughout the building.
Strengthening of the structure typically falls into one of two groups; system based strengthening and member based strengthening to inadequate parts of the construction. Reinforced concrete and shear walls, as well as steel bracing are the most typical methods for system strengthening of real estate structures and can be performed on the interior of the buildings or as an exoskeleton on the exterior. Member based strengthening includes concrete and steel “jackets” to reduce vibrations to vulnerable building elements. Recently, fiber reinforced polymers have been used in the absence of sufficient space for other methods to enhance ductility of the elements. Steel anchors between new and older building elements combine these methods.
“Seismic Isolation” is a method of protecting a building from major earthquakes. “Isolators” are installed between a building and the ground to reduce vibrations that transmit to a building. It is as if the building were in a condition of floating in the air above the ground. This building is called a seismically isolated building.
earthquake insurance expense disappear
by collaborating with.......


"A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant."
--The Writing Center, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Steely Library NKU (2015, July 30). What is a literature review? [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ry_54WleO7Y.
Licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.
This article from Miriam Sweeney discusses how to read academic articles.
Anadale, C. (2016, August 31). 4 rules for grad school reading [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWuxW2qAYSE.


Several considerations must be reflected upon in the development of a green roof…
Structural requirements depend on the type of roof constructed as well as environmental conditions…
This topic is divided as follows:
Dead load (D)
The weight of the building medium, stationary and any permanent materials of construction.
Live load (L)
The load to be produced by the intended use of a green roof, such as the soil medium and vegetation, as well as snow, ice and rain.
Wind load (W)
Temperature load (T)
For greater live load (e.g. intensive roofs, climate variable) there has to be greater dead load, hence greater capital cost.
It is best to get a structural engineer to determine what your existing roof needs to support the weight of a green roof.
Green roofs generally consist of multiple layers which provide a growing surface and drainage of excess water.
More specifically, these layers can include:
Vegetation – or plant – layer
Soil filter fabric
It is imperative that water not absorbed by the roof is drained properly so the installation of the geomembrane is of utmost importance
Leak test is performed as follows:
Top the first layer of the geomembrane with one or more thin sheets of foam insulation suited for contact with damp soil.
Following, set a drainage mat with capillary spaces on top of the insulation. Place the mat so the felt side faces up in order to keep the soil from clogging the mat.
Above the drainage mat, place a soil filter fabric that serves as a root barrier.
You can frame the sides for the roof with mesh gutter guards, wood or other edging that will permit drainage to hold soil in place.
Add the soil medium
Add the vegetation layer


Grilling is a great way to cook food without adding extra fat, but it’s the blackened or charred bits that are the problem: they contain two types of chemical compounds that have been linked to cancer. On June 24, health news website MyHealthNewsDaily reported on what you need to know before firing up the grill.
MyHealthNewsDaily reports that when proteins cook at high temperatures — as they do in broiling and frying, as well as grilling — heterocyclic amines (HCAs) form, particularly in the charred bits at the edges of meat. When meat juices drip onto charcoal or hot surfaces and create smoke, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) form. The smoke then swirls around the food and its carcinogens stick to your grilling burger.
First tip, don’t let your grill get too smoky. Here are some other grillmaster techniques to keep in mind:
. To limit the amount of time your food spends on the grill, don’t grill frozen meat. Depending on thickness, you can opt to precook it in the microwave.
. Trim the fat on steak and choose lean meats when possible to reduce smoke from dripping fats.
. Marinate meats in sauces containing vinegar or lemon juice, which protect their surfaces from circulating carcinogens.
. Know when to flip your burger — flipping regularly can help cut down dripping juices.
. Grill kabobs or other small pieces of meat to reduce grill time.
. Set the grilling rack at least 15 centimeters/six inches away from the coals.
Fish and chicken are healthier choices over red meats, according to experts, and vegetables are ideal for grilling because they don’t create HCAs.
Also, keep your meat cool in a refrigerator or cooler right up until grilling time, and be mindful of cross-contamination between raw meat and other foods. For instance, don’t reuse containers or utensils between raw and cooked meats.


|Object NGC 2410 is located exactly in the center of the picture.
|NGC 2410 - galaxy in the constellation Geminorum|
Type: SBb - spiral galaxy with bar
The angular dimensions: 2.40'x0.7'
magnitude: V=13.0m; B=13.8m
The surface brightness: 13.4 mag/arcmin2
Coordinates for epoch J2000: Ra= 7h35m2.2s; Dec= 32°49'21"
redshift (z): 0.015614
The distance from the Sun to NGC 2410: based on the amount of redshift (z) - 66.0 Mpc;
Other names of the object NGC 2410 : PGC 21336, UGC 3917, MCG 5-18-23, CGCG 147-43, CGCG 177-35, IRAS 07318+3255
Nearby objects: NGC 2408
, NGC 2409
, NGC 2411
, NGC 2412
The full catalog NGC / IC
In this version of the NGC catalog used by NASA imagery, ngcicproject.org and other sources.
The pictures in the places of their original placement referred to as free of licensing restrictions.
In case of doubt, please the authors: let me know and they will be removed.


In this frequently used lesson, the teacher creates a three-tier society — owners, workers, and unemployed — and, as the owner, seeks to profit through playing on and creating divisions between workers and the unemployed.
Can students overcome those divisions and unite for needed changes? This lesson lets students experience some of the pressures that lead workers to organize.
Depending on what happens in class, students either glimpse the possibility of organizing and practice overcoming cynicism, or gain an experience out of which their attitudes can be directly discussed.
This can be used as the first lesson in a curriculum on labor history. It is fun — at times exciting. And, it suggests a basic skill in social analysis: learning to identify the differing, even opposing, interests of groups within society.
This is one of the 16 lessons available from The Power In Our Hands.
The Organic Goodie Simulation by Bill Bigelow is my favorite lesson of all time. The most recent time I used it, I had one student strike for higher wages and one assault of my hired company police officer in an attempt to take over the means of production. The last class of the day convinced the police officer to side with the workers, killed the boss (me), and began to remake a more equitable classless society.
Here’s to students simulating revolutionary possibilities!
The Power in Our Hands curriculum is a great resource that I have been using since my student teaching seven years ago. Every year I use the Organic Goodie Simulation in my middle school classroom. It is often the case that students quickly pick up on the injustice and exploitation of the factory system, but their acts of resistance are usually individual rather than collective.
I have started to use the Goodie Simulation at the beginning of a unit about resistance, followed by historical and current examples of workers organizing — from unions to factory takeovers. We then revisit the Goodie Simulation where the students write proposals explaining how they would organize the workers and the unemployed. The proposal that is the most thorough and connected to key concepts of the unit will become the leader organizers.
We then redo the Goodie Simulation, giving students the chance to organize together! One of my favorite memories was a couple of years ago when the students succeeded in taking over the “factory” which essentially meant that they had forced me out of my classroom into the hallway. When given the chance, students really can take the power into their own hands!


📄 EXPLAIN ANALYZE
EXPLAIN ANALYZE used to display a query execution plan along with actual run-time performance statistics.
📄 EXPLAIN AST
Returns the abstract syntax tree (AST) of an SQL statement. The command breaks an SQL statement into syntactic parts and represents them in a hierarchical structure.
📄 EXPLAIN FRAGMENTS
Shows the distributed execution plan of an SQL statement.
📄 EXPLAIN MEMO
Returns the internal structure Memo of the query.
📄 EXPLAIN RAW
Shows the logical execution plan of an SQL statement that you can use to analyze, troubleshoot, and improve the efficiency of your queries.
📄 EXPLAIN SYNTAX
Outputs formatted SQL code. This command works as an SQL formatter that makes your code easy to read.
Shows the execution plan of a SQL statement. An execution plan is shown as a tree consisting of different operators where you can see how Databend will execute the SQL statement. An operator usually includes one or more fields describing the actions Databend will perform or the objects related to the query.


Hardness is a qualitative characteristic of a material that measures how resistant it is to penetration by an indenter. Hardness testing is an important aspect of enabling us to differentiate different materials which is a crucial aspect in evaluating the quality assurance of a material. There are several methods of hardness testing and Rockwell hardness testing is one of the frequently used methods. It uses a Rockwell tester and a scale which is denoted by different letters.
How is the test carried out?
The method is used on many different type of metals except where the material would be too big or too small to be used. It uses the principle of indentation of the test material by an indenter. One has to first prepare the surface of the sample material to be used. A preload test is then carried out for a specified amount of time to a sample to help in measuring the baseline indentation. The major load is then added to attain the required test load for some time until it come down. The Rockwell hardness value is then obtained by measuring the difference between the preload and load adapt that is how much indentation is made past the preload.
The importance of hardness testing
Hardness testing is very important as it helps in determining the breaking point which is the strength and durability of a material. This information helps us in choosing the correct material to be used for a certain purpose. Rockwell method is quite quick and easy to use therefore it is mostly used in most quality assurance tests.


According to an article written in the ASHA (American Speech-Langauge-Hearing Association) Leader blog, children who use handheld screens—smartphones, tablets and electronic games—before they begin to talk may be at higher risk for speech delays, according to research presented at the 2017 Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting.
A team led by Catherine Birken, the study’s principal investigator and a staff pediatrician and scientist at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) in Toronto, examined 894 children (ages 6 months to 2 years) participating in TARGet Kids!, a Toronto practice-based research network, between 2011 and 2015.
The more handheld screen time a child’s parent reported, the more likely the child was to have expressive speech delays.
By their 18-month check-ups, 20 percent of the children had daily average handheld device use of 28 minutes, as reported by their parents. Using a screening tool for language delay, researchers found that the more handheld screen time a child’s parent reported, the more likely the child was to have expressive speech delays.
Each 30-minute increase in handheld screen time translated into a 49 percent increased risk of expressive speech delay. Researchers found no apparent link between handheld screen time and other communication delays, such as social interactions, body language or gestures.
The results support a recent American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation to discourage any type of screen media in children younger than 18 months.


True or False: Dental X-ray Radiation Levels are High
We've all heard the statements about the dangerous levels of radiation coming from dental x-rays but are these statements really true?
In short, no. As a matter of fact, a single tooth x-ray is much safer than flying from Los Angeles to New York in terms of radiation dosage.
Let's back up, though. What is an x-ray?
In scientific terms, an x-ray can be defined as a type of radiation that is created by using large amounts of electricity in order to produce medical imaging.
There are different types of x-rays used for dental purposes, and the radiation dosage varies depending on the type, size, and technology used to capture the image.
Why do the dentists need x-rays?
An x-ray will show the dentist everything that cannot be seen with the naked eye, including in-between teeth, under the gum line, and the root system. The information gained from these medical images can be extremely valuable and can be the difference between good and bad oral health.
At Hintz Family Dentistry, there are three different x-rays that we typically take: an intraoral peripical film (or PA), a panoramic film (nicknamed Pan or Pano), and bitewings. A PA is taken when the dentist needs an x-ray of one tooth or one area of the mouth, like if you came in stating that a tooth on your lower, left side of your mouth was hurting. A panoramic film is an x-ray of your entire mouth on one film; these are typically taken if you are seeking a referral to get your wisdom teeth pulled or request orthodontia. Bitewings involve either two or four films (depending on the patient's age) of four quadrants of the mouth, and we take bitewings on an annual basis at check up's in order to give a complete evaluation.
So, dental x-rays are safe?


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Lunigiana (pronounced [luniˈdʒaːna]) or Lunesana is a historical territory of Italy, which today falls within the provinces of Massa Carrara, Tuscany, and La Spezia, Liguria. Its borders derive from the ancient Roman settlement, later the medieval diocese of Luni, which no longer exists.
Lunigiana, a mountainous region dissected by the Magra river, covers an area which runs from the Apennines to the Mediterranean Sea, now belongs in part to Tuscany and in part to Liguria. It takes its name from Luni, a Roman town, perhaps pre-dated by an Etruscan settlement, which became the principal urban center on the northern Tuscan coast. Some contend that the name Luni refers to the moon, a celestial body whose beauty is made all the more attractive when framed by the white-peaked Apuan Alps and high Apennine mountains. Others maintain, though little or no evidence exists, that the region was populated by those who worshiped the moon. As if to unite history and myth, the symbol of contemporary Lunigiana is a crescent moon held in the claw of a bear.
The earliest recorded inhabitants of this region may have been the Apuani (from which is derived the name of the Apuan mountain chain), an ancient Ligurian people, as well as Etruscans who may have inhabited towns along the coast and even the hamlets near in-land trade routes. Curiously, while evidence of both Roman and later Medieval settlements are ample, the wondrously appealing stele, late pre-historic and Bronze Age stone statues which have been found in large numbers in this part of Tuscany, remain the symbol of this ancient land. They are the first expression of the art and, perhaps, of the religious beliefs of the peoples that inhabited northern Tuscany from the Bronze Age to start of the Roman Empire.


Convert byte array to string C#, VB.Net
Byte array to string
In .Net, every string has a character set and encoding. A character encoding tells the computer how to interpret raw zeroes and ones into real characters. It usually does this by pairing numbers with characters. Actually it is the process of transforming a set of Unicode characters into a sequence of bytes.
More about.... Character Encoding
When you try to convert a Byte Array object to String, you still have a character set and encoding and it depends on the encoding of your string whether its is in ASCII or UTF8. It is important to note that you should use the same encoding for both directions You can use Encoding.GetString Method (Byte) to decodes all the bytes in the specified byte array into a string.
Using UTF8 conversion
Using ASCII conversion
Convert String to ByteArray
When you try to convert a String object to Byte Array, you still have a character set and encoding and it depends on the encoding of your string whether its is in ASCII or UTF8. So you can use System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes() to retrieve the set of bytes that Microsoft.Net would using to represent the characters. More about...... String to byte Array
Stream to ByteArray
The Streams Object involve three fundamental operations such as Reading, Writing and Seeking. In some situations we may need to convert these stream to byte array. More about...... Byte Array from Stream
Image to Byte Array
In many situations you may forced to convert image to byte array. It is useful in many scenarios because byte arrays can be easily compared, compressed, stored, or converted to other data types. More about...... Image to Byte Array
NEXT.....What is an IP Address ?


While there is strong evidence that climate change is driving an increased incidence of phenological shifts worldwide, key gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms that organisms use for phenological cuing, and the fitness consequences of these shifts. We used three approaches to examine the causes and consequences of phenological shifts. First, we conducted experimental manipulations of seasonal timing in order to observe the fitness consequences of phenological shifts relative to the surrounding community. Second, we examined broad patterns of phenological shifts that have been suggested in the literature (e.g., are phenological shifts greater at higher latitudes, or do they differ systematically by trophic position?) in order to better understand their proposed mechanistic bases. Third, we developed a model of phenological cue evolution in order to examine how selection could act to optimize a phenological cue strategy that integrates multiple sources of information from complex and dynamic environmental conditions, using real-world climatic data. We used this model to test hypotheses about which environmental cues (e.g., temperature, precipitation and photoperiod) would be favored under different regimes of inter- and intra-annual variation, and to assess the resilience of different cuing strategies to climate change.
Experiments manipulating seasonal timing reveal strong seasonal windows of opportunity and suggest a steep underlying fitness landscape associated with phenological shifts. These experiments suggest that even small phenological shifts relative to a surrounding community are likely to have large fitness consequences. In our examination of the literature, we find that most proposed patterns of phenological shifts lack clear mechanistic hypotheses and are inconsistent across taxa or systems. We suggest that understanding and predicting variation in phenological shifts will likely require a more mechanistic understanding of how different organisms integrate phenological cues. Finally, our model suggests that some broad patterns in the evolution of phenological cue strategies may be predictable based on inter-annual versus intra-annual variation in environmental conditions, but also suggests that hidden variation in underlying cuing strategies could contribute to observed variation in the direction and magnitude of phenological shifts under climate change. In the context of stationary environmental variation, multiple cue strategies can yield similar fitness outcomes, and show neutral coexistence. However, these same cue strategies often show strong fitness differences in the context of climate change. Taken together, these three approaches illustrate complementary ways to examine the mechanistic causes and fitness consequences of phenological shifts in a community context.


Iris domestica – Belamcanda.
Now named Iris domestica it is still well known as Belamcanda chinensis.
A common name is Blackberry lily because the seeds resemble those fruit.
A perennial plant growing from superficial orange or pale brown rhizomes.
There are up to 14 flat sword-shaped leaves with sheathing bases.
Leaves are bluish-green, hairless and up to 25 cm long.
In young plants they form a basal fan but older plants develop an above ground stem.
The much branched inflorescence stems are up to 1.5 m high.
They have a white coating that rubs off easily.
Each end branch holds a small cluster of flowers.
There are bracts at the base of each branch and under each flower.
The cup to star-shaped flowers, on pedicels are up to 5 cm across.
There are 6 free tepals in 2 whorls with 3 being smaller.
They are bright orange with red spots.
There are reddish-orange and yellow varieties.
Each flower only lasts one day.
There are 3 symmetrically spaced stamens with bright yellow anthers.
The anthers are basifixed and open outwards via long slits.
The inferior ovary, of 3 fused carpels has 3 locules.
Each locule has numerous ovules.
The style is longer than the stamens and branches into three.
Each branch has a white stigma.
The fruit are ovoid capsules 2.5 cm long.
The 5 mm, spherical black seeds are smooth and shiny.


What about a statute of limitations?
Just Punishment and the Holocaust (Topic 5, part 2)
In April 2020, to coincide with Yom HaShoah, the day in the Jewish calendar dedicated to Holocaust remembrance, and the 75th anniversary of the liberation, Rabbi Sacks launched a series of videos offering his perspective on some of the biggest questions asked about the Holocaust.
Is there a concept of a statute of limitations when it comes to the crimes of the Holocaust? The short answer is no, and for a very simple reason. Most criminal jurisdictions see crime rightly as an offence, not only against the victims, but against the state and against the society. And therefore, the state or the society can say, “At a certain point, after a certain number of years have lapsed, we are going to forego our right to punish.”
But the crimes of the Holocaust were not crimes against society. There were crimes against humanity, and humanity cannot say, “We forego our right to punish.” It simply can’t. Crimes against humanity are simply different in kind to crimes against the state, and that is why they can be no statute of limitations.
This series, created in partnership with the Holocaust Educational Trust, has been made possible thanks to the generous support of Richard Harris.
View the full Holocaust series of curriculum resources with additional discussion questions and historical background included


Buchtel College of Arts and Sciences
Date of Last Revision
Criminology and Criminal Justice
Number of Credits
Bachelor of Science
Date of Expected Graduation
Substance use disorders and addiction have become increasingly serious problems in the United States. Diseases of this nature revolve around problematic patterns of substance use and abuse of alcohol, illicit drugs, prescription drugs, and over-the-counter medications. Substance use disorders are not limited to a certain demographic, which makes treatment of these illnesses complicated and multifaceted (Argyriou et al., 2017). This review paper will focus on age-related effects on substance use, and how age is consequential to the effectiveness of drug addiction treatment. The literature review focuses on the onset and progression of substance use disorders and treatment for these disorders for each age category: juveniles and adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Additionally, I evaluate how addiction and addiction treatment interacts with the United States criminal justice system. According to sociological, criminological, psychological, and biological theories and research, the age of an individual has a substantial impact on the development of a substance use disorder (McLaughlin and Newburn, 2010). As the nature of substance use disorders differs so drastically depending on the age of the individual, addiction treatment should be personalized according to the current stage of one’s life course, rather than streamlined for all receiving treatment. Evidence-based practices, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, must be implemented in the realm of treatment, both within and outside of the criminal justice system, based on the respective ages of those undergoing rehabilitation.
Honors Faculty Advisor
Proprietary and/or Confidential Information
Haberman, Skylar, "Age and its Effect on Drug Addiction Treatment" (2023). Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects. 1710.
Criminology Commons, Developmental Psychology Commons, Development Studies Commons, Social Psychology Commons


These foods contain amounts of fats that are good for your body, get to know them!
Eating high-fat foods is immediately associated with gaining weight, but there are foods that, despite containing high levels of fat, are good for your health.
Fats are part of our daily diet and just as there are fats that harm us, there are also others that are of great benefit to health.
Here is a list of foods with fats that are good for your health:
Salmon contains omega 3 fatty acids and consuming this fat helps improve body composition with lower fat, as do sardines and tuna.
They are high in fat, but healthy, apart from providing you with fiber and protein and keeping you feeling full for a good period of time, thus delaying the feeling of hunger.
Without a doubt, it is the number one food with healthy fat content, since they are monounsaturated fats and a piece of avocado contains vegetable oils, oleic acid and Omega 3. Add that avocado can be consumed in sauces, salads or only if it you want.
You can consume them without worry, their fats are good for you, as well as the pumpkin seeds, you can eat them in creams.
Extra virgin olive oil
It is a provider of polyphenols, which help reduce inflammation in the body and help you feel full, and it also contributes to reducing body weight.
Contains polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats, fiber, and protein and helps prevent weight gain and obesity.
The fats are found in the yolk of the egg.
It contains a lot of fiber and they control hunger.
Eat the foods that we mentioned to you without remorse, because their fats will benefit you and will even provide you with protein or help you feel full from hunger.
It may interest you: Foods against cavities and gingivitis attack bacteria!


For ALL versions of Excel: Excel for Office 365, Excel for Office 365 for Mac, Excel 2016, Excel 2013, Excel 2010, Excel 2007, Excel 2016 for Mac, Excel for Mac 2011, Excel Online, Excel for iPad, Excel for iPhone, Excel for Android tablets, Excel for Android phones, Excel Mobile
The VLOOKUP formula is a powerful reference function within Excel. If you need to lookup values in a table or range of cells to use somewhere else in your spreadsheet VLOOKUP may be just the ticket. In many cases this function can replace spreadsheet logic that utilizes nested IF functions. See the video below to have VLOOKUP explained.
VLOOKUP can be in two ways, either as an exact match or approximate match. Typically when your lookup table contains numeric values, approximate match is used, while for text lookups exact matches are most common. This tutorial demonstrates how to do VLOOKUP in Excel 2016, but this function has been around for a long time and works the same in any version of Excel including MAC OS versions.
The VLOOKUP Function takes up to four arguments, three required one optional.
The syntax of VLOOKUP Function is:
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup]
Using VLOOKUP can be confusing at first, but the video Excel VLOOKUP tutorial should be the last guide to using this function you will need.
You can download the file used and try it out on your own.


Infectious disease researchers at the University of Texas at Austin studying the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 were able to identify how quickly the virus can spread, a factor that may help public health officials in their efforts at containment. They found that time between cases in a chain of transmission is less than a week and that more than 10% of patients are infected by somebody who has the virus but does not yet have symptoms.
In their paper, a team of scientists from China, France, Hong Kong, and the United States were able to calculate what’s called the serial interval of the virus.1 To measure serial interval, scientists look at the time it takes for symptoms to appear in two people with the virus: the person who infects another, and the infected second person.
Researchers found that the average serial interval for the novel coronavirus in China was approximately four days. This also is among the first studies to estimate the rate of asymptomatic transmission.
The speed of an epidemic depends on two things—how many people each case infects and how long it takes for infection between people to spread. The first quantity is called the reproduction number; the second is the serial interval. The short serial interval of COVID-19 means emerging outbreaks will grow quickly and could be difficult to stop, the researchers said.
“Ebola, with a serial interval of several weeks, is much easier to contain than influenza, with a serial interval of only a few days. Public health responders to Ebola outbreaks have much more time to identify and isolate cases before they infect others,” says Lauren Ancel Meyers, PhD, a professor of integrative biology at UT Austin. “The data suggest that this coronavirus may spread like the flu. That means we need to move quickly and aggressively to curb the emerging threat.”
Read more from the University of Texas at Austin.
1. Du Z, Xu X, Wu Y, Wang L, Cowling BJ, Ancel Meyers L. Serial interval of COVID-19 from publicly reported confirmed cases. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(6); doi: 10.3201/eid2606.200357.


Click Here to view the latest version of the Equity Score Card
Warren County Schools Equity Council
The Warren County Schools Equity Council was formed in 2011, and its mission initially was to ensure equitable and consistent discipline practices across the district. At its inception, the Equity Council consisted of central office administrators, including the Superintendent and Assistant Superintendent, several building principals, classroom teacher representatives and some community members. In early 2014, the members of the Equity Council determined that there was a need to broaden the scope of the work of the council and to bring in more community members. Currently, the Equity Council has representation from several community agencies, as well as a broad range of educators in areas of administration and instruction. The work of the Equity Council currently focuses on improving equitable and fair practices in the areas of educational opportunities, discipline, and employment.
The WCPS Equity Council serves to advocate for equitable opportunities for all students, parents, and staff. The WCPS Equity Council will advise the Superintendent and Board of Education regarding practices, policies, and procedures that promote equity in all district endeavors.
- to identify and remove barriers to student learning, achievement, and opportunities
- to ensure equitable discipline practices for all students
- to ensure equitable staff recruitment and hiring practices, with a focus on increasing the diversity of staff members


These workshops utilize Piaget’s Model of learning where learning is the process of constructing, not receiving, new knowledge. They use experiential activities to engage learners so the learners become active participants in the learning process. Their learning consists of three phases:
In the exploration phase, students working in small groups, explore a new environment on their own, with minimal interventions on the part of the instructor. This phase is the learner’s personal encounter with the new material. The instructor’s principal role in the exploration phase is designing a task that will force the students to call their existing models into question.
The invention phase brings the entire group together, with the instructor playing a leading role. The group tries to make sense of the data generated during exploration. They work in an analytical mode, trying to generalize from their data by inventing new concepts or tools. The instructor may provide the standard technical terms for these “inventions,” or present a model in current use, or even deliver a mini-lecture to illuminate or integrate the student’s inventions.
This phase completes the learning cycle by creating the opportunity for the students to interact with the world once again, this time using their newly acquired models. As in the exploration phase, the instructor merely provides a structure and observes the learners working in their small groups.
Problem Solving Leadership
Learn and practice a leader’s most valuable asset: the ability to think and act creatively. We believe that leadership is the key to building a healthy organization that can deal effectively with change. We teach that leadership is the ability to create an environment that enables everyone to contribute productively. … read more here.
Coaching Beyond the Team: Influencing the System
Learn how to coach beyond the team.
Agile coaches and Scrum Masters face many challenges. They have no authority to insist people listen or do, yet managers and executives expect organization-wide results from their activities. Furthermore, many executives see clearly how teams should change, but don’t see how the environment or their own actions impact teams. read more here.


نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
1 کارشناس ارشد پژوهش هنر، مدرس دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای
2 استاد دانشکدة هنرهای کاربردی،دانشگاه هنر تهران، شهر تهران، استان تهران
عنوان مقاله [English]
Ethnic culture is a set of customs, traditions, beliefs and thoughts that belong to an ethnic group. One method for preservation and dissemination of culture is its entrance into the artistic issues whether decorative or applied.
Through the analysis of the most important constituent visual elements of a work of art, i.e. form and color, one can recognize a lot about its creator`s beliefs, and the culture of that society.
This paper is conducted using analytic-descriptive method and explores and studies the Turkmen needlework designs in Gonbad Kavoos city.
Data is collected using field research and published material. The data analysis method is qualitative.
The aim of conducting and presenting this paper is to identify the patterns in Turkmen needlework, their origin, their concepts or possible applications, and thus it endeavors to open a window into the thoughts and opinions of the ancients of this people. The results of studying 100 samples indicate that form, color, and the way motifs are composed may be categorized in four groups of animals, elements of nature and surrounding environment, thoughts and beliefs, tools and implements of war. The forms of some of the motifs are derived from the beliefs of this people’s ancestors and others are impressions of creatures and objects surrounding them.


A great chief of the Pacific Northwest is creating his totem. The animals (beaver, bear, wolf, owl, eagle, frog, killer whale, otter, thunder, and raven) each present a quality that the chief might have that would lend itself to creating his totem. Each tries to persuade him to include them.
Andy Everson, MTW Publisher, ©2007, 978-0-9784327-0-6
Build Your Own Totem
The entire book is built around the premise of finding the totem that symbolizes you. First, read the book to the students. At a second reading, as a listening skill, students can listen for those qualities each of the animals presents to the chief. The attached page includes a black line master for listening. After the discussion, ask students to use the little sketches to create a totem with 4 qualities that they would like to have.
The back of the book has a double-page spread with additional possible qualities including: hummingbird, duck, dragonfly, Canada goose, swan, loon, kingfisher, beetle, moon, and sun. Students might want to think about these qualities as well…although it makes the project even more complicated.
If You’re Not From BC
David Bouchard once was a principal in North Vancouver, BC. Since becoming an author and discovering his roots as an aboriginal, he has become one of the most evocative writers in the field. Author of over 50 books, he is a recipient of the Order of Canada.
My favourite from Dave Bouchard is If You’re Not From the Prairie… which is a lyrical praise of growing up in the prairies:
- The sun is our friend from when we are young
- If you’re not from the prairies, you don’t know the sun.
A good assignment might be for students to write an “If You’re Not from BC…” book.
For 4 creative writing ideas, click I am Raven to download.


Pearl Harbor Summer STEM Education ProgramsMarch 2, 2020
Museum Refreshes Summer STEM Camps For Hawaii’s Youth
Each year, more than 15,000 students participate in STEM education programs offered by Pearl Harbor Aviation Museum.
“Our STEM programs help students understand the history and science of flight, and introduce aviation and aeronautical engineering as a viable career.”
– Shauna Tonkin, Director of Education
This year, the Museum offers programs for all ages from grade 3 through grade 12.
Explorer’s Club, Galaxy Quest | 2021 Dates to be announced
The world of aviation and aerospace comes alive in Galaxy Quest, our new five-day Explorers Club. Kids learn about aviation and then aim for the stars!
Flight School for Boy | 2021 Dates to be announced
Flight School for Girls | 2021 Dates to be announced
Kids spend an action-packed week discovering the world of aviation through fast-paced STEM activities.
Dive Into Robotics | 2021 Dates to be announced
High schoolers take their engineering and problem-solving skills to the next level with this exciting program for teens.
Pearl Harbor Aviation Museum is a place where the history and technology of flight come alive.
Our education programs engage and delight visitors of all ages through hands-on activities and authentic experiences at our historic location on Ford Island, and in schools across Hawaii. Come and explore the possibilities!


A New Covid-19 Strain Has Europe Social Distancing from England
Not even the $900 billion stimulus could overpower headlines from yesterday such as: “U.K. Tightens Rules As A Variant Of The COVID-19 Virus Spreads.”
Sensationalism aside, here is what to know about the new strain of COVID-19 spreading in the UK.
The World Holds Its Breath, Again
We’ll start with the bad. Following Boris Johnson’s announcement the new mutation is believed to be 70% more contagious than other strains, the global response was swift.
A growing list of countries including most of Europe, Canada, Colombia, Israel, Hong Kong, Morocco, India, and others have closed their borders to the UK.
The reaction from the financial markets was equally swift:
- Airline stocks, fresh off a vaccine bump, were pummeled across the globe with British Airways’ parent company falling 8%.
- The Pound sterling, which had hit a 2-year high last week, fell roughly 2% against all major currencies.
Compounding Brexit-related trade challenges, British supermarkets warned of food shortages within days if trade relations were not restored.
The (All Important) Nuance
Putting on our science caps for a minute.
The new strain of the virus, which is being called B.1.1.7, was first detected in mid-October by the Covid-19 Genomics UK Consortium. The samples collected were actually collected on September 20th and 21st, meaning B.1.1.7 has been circulating for months.
The variant has also been identified in Denmark (nine cases), Australia (two) and Italy, the Netherlands and Iceland (one each). But the UK is one of only a few countries actively sequencing Covid-19 to detect variants – and many scientists believe B.1.1.7 is already much more widespread.
Not At Consensus: Certain biologic realities of the mutations seen in B.1.1.7 suggest it could be more transmissible. But leading scientists in Berlin and at Georgetown University caution that other mutations (like B.1.1.77) were thought and turned out not to be.
Extra Good: Scientists are cautiously optimistic that efficacy will not be immediately impacted by early mutations including B.1.1.7. Vaccines induce a so-called polyclonal response to different parts of the surface proteins..


National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children's Day
On August 4, families and communities came together to celebrate and learn about the culture and strengths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.
17 August 2020
To mark this special occasion, we interviewed three deadly Early Childhood Teachers about Children’s Day and how they celebrate Aboriginal children in their service each and every day.
A special thank you to our panellists Maurita Cavanough from Jarjums Centre, Julie Carey from Kulai Preschool and Amy Shine from Forbes Preschool.
How you can continue to celebrate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children
Children’s day is a great opportunity to show support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, however it's important to continue this support and learning throughout the year.
Check out the following resources which services can use to celebrate the uniqueness and importance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people:
- Watch the introduction to Aboriginal languages video lesson presented by the NSW Aboriginal Education Consultative Group (NSW AECG). This 45 minute video lesson provides a playful introduction to four Australian Aboriginal languages for learners of all ages.
- Download the NSW AECG languages app. The app focuses on animals in a variety of presentation styles – including puppetry, song, and even a trip to the Dubbo zoo – to teach us some original names for our unique Australian creatures.
- Visit the Children’s Day resource page for a range of activities including how to make a family kinship tree and Aboriginal flag handprints.
- Scroll through the SNAICC-National Voice for our Children Facebook page to see how services and organisations celebrated Children’s Day this year.
- Visit the department’s Supporting Aboriginal Children webpage for resources on how to run a deadly preschool program in a way that recognises and respects Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.


MONEY TO BURN
It must be nice to have money to burn. I mean, just think of all the things you could do! And all the Haribo you could buy! But what if you quite literally have money to burn? Well in that case, you could always use your excess cash just like the UK’s principal banknote printing facility in Debden, Essex, and toss it all on the fire to keep yourself warm. I mean, just think of, er, all the money you could save...
Finally, it’s payday: “Toss it on the fire!” (Pixabay)
Debden, in Essex’s Epping Forest, just outside London, has been home to the Bank of England’s principal banknote printing facility since 1954. For almost four decades during the plant’s operation, whenever banknotes were misprinted, misaligned, removed from circulation or otherwise deemed unfit for public use, they were taken into the bowels of the factory and thrown onto furnaces, with the heat generated from the fire used to warm the building.
As logical as this practice might seem, alas, it was discontinued in 1990, when it was deemed environmentally unsound. Instead, old banknotes are now shredded on site and merely sent to landfill or else removed to more eco-friendly industrial incinerators located elsewhere.
But for some thirty-six years the Debden banknote printworks quite literally had money to burn.


Sports have always played a significant role in our lives. From a young age, we are introduced to various forms of sports, which not only serve as a form of physical activity but also help in developing essential life skills such as discipline, teamwork, and determination. Sports have a universal appeal, and people from all walks of life participate in various sports activities. In this article, we will discuss the importance of sports in our lives.
The most obvious benefit of sports is physical fitness. Sports require physical exertion, which helps in maintaining a healthy body weight and building muscle mass. It also helps in improving cardiovascular health, reducing the risk of heart diseases and stroke. Regular physical activity through sports also helps in improving immunity, reducing the risk of chronic diseases, and improving mental health.
Sports not only provide physical benefits but also have numerous mental benefits. Sports help in reducing stress and anxiety and improving overall mental health. It helps in boosting self-confidence and self-esteem, developing resilience and determination, and improving concentration and focus.
Sports also provide numerous social benefits. Participating in sports helps in developing social skills, such as communication, teamwork, and leadership. It provides an opportunity to make new friends and build relationships, promoting a sense of community and belonging.
Education and Career Benefits
Sports also have numerous benefits for education and career development. Participation in sports activities helps in developing time management skills, improving academic performance, and increasing the likelihood of graduating from high school and attending college. It also helps in developing important career skills such as leadership, teamwork, and communication.
In conclusion, sports play a vital role in our lives. It provides numerous physical, mental, social, and career benefits. Participation in sports activities can lead to a healthy and active lifestyle, improved mental health, and a strong sense of community and belonging. Therefore, it is essential to promote and encourage sports activities for people of all ages and backgrounds.
In the first Test, Sri Lanka defeated Ireland by an innings and 280 runs.
State-of-the-art technology will be used in Qatar World Cup to protect the environment
A decorated Barca drew goalless against Rayo Vallecano


On June 7, 1913, the first men set foot on the roof of North America. Walter Harper, an Athabascan from Interior Alaska, became the first climber to reach the summit of 20,320-foot Denali, the tallest point on the continent. Fellow climbers Hudson Stuck, Harry Karstens and Robert Tatum closely followed him. Although they did not summit, teenagers Esaias George and John Fredson were key contributors to the expedition.
Harper was given the honor of taking the first steps on the top because of his Native heritage. A ridge was later named for Karstens. Stuck wrote a book about the climb called “The Ascent of Denali.” Although officially called “McKinley” on maps until 2015, Alaskans commonly referred to the mountain as “Denali,” translated from local Native languages as “The High One.”
The expedition conquered the peak after a long approach from the north. No one else made the ascent for nearly 20 years. Only when it was determined in 1951 the shorter way to the top was by another route did Denali begin to attract new attention. Fresh generations of mountaineers attempt the mountain every year, but the expedition led by Stuck and Karstens lives on in the hearts of climbers for its pioneering achievement.
– Lew Freedman


Understanding and predicting the dynamics of ecosystems is a major research issue in promoting ecosystem conservation and sustainable use as stated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Recently, Empirical Dynamic Modeling (EDM), a data-driven analysis of measured time series, has been attracting attention (Sugihara et al. 2012). The EDM calculates the temporal changes in relationships among species based on geometric features obtained by embedding measured time series data into the state space (Fig. 1A) (Fig. 1B). However, since the calculated ecosystem dynamics is high-dimensional data and changes over time, it is difficult to grasp its characteristics in detail and gain a mechanistic understanding.
Therefore, in collaboration with a group at UC San Diego, which developed EDM, we are developing a visual analysis system that integrates EDM analysis, dimensionality reduction, and collaborative visualization to help understand ecosystem dynamics (Fig. 1). The visual analysis system can identify the states of ecosystem dynamics, annotate them based on their features, and visualize the transition between states. When this system was applied to ocean mesocosm data, it was able to find new features of the ecosystem and successfully depict the state changes that approach the mechanism. In this way, the combination of advanced analysis methods and information visualization techniques enables better data understanding.
Fig. 1 Visual analytics of ecosystem dynamics (A) By applying EDM to population dynamics time series data, (B) dynamic graphs representing interspecies relationships in ecosystems are constructed. (C) Identify the state of the ecosystem from the constructed dynamic graph using the dimensionality reduction method and linked visualization, and (D) summarize the state transition patterns.


Reviews of teachers professional development show that it is a highly complicated area, in which it is difficult to offer a unified and comprehensive view of the growing development of teachers. This study looks into the development of teachers by tracking their practices in a problematic teaching area: 'learning through play'. Four Hong Kong kindergarten teachers participated in a qualitative study that investigated their implicit knowledge of teaching. The findings show that there is a close relationship between the informants' teaching approaches and their self-learning patterns. The result raises doubt about the staged developmental perspectives of teacher development. The significance of meta-learning ability, which is found to be an essential component for the professional development of teachers in a changing context, is revealed. Copyright © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business.
|Publication status||Published - Feb 2008|
CitationCheng, D. P.-W. (2008). Meta-learning ability: A crucial component for the professional development of teachers in a changing context. Teacher Development, 12(1), 85-95.
- Professional development of teachers
- Implicit knowledge of teaching
- Teaching and learning through play


Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and Daughters Egyptian Portrait Family Scene Wall Relief 15WPN# E-077S
Reproduced after an original in the Agyptiches Museum, Berlin. Dynasty XVIII 1350 B.C. In this portrait of the royal family, the New Kingdom pharaoh Akhenaten, his wife Nefertiti, and his daughters reveal a more tender side to family life. Notice the life-giving sun disk, Aten, the Sun God, between them reaches out to protect the royal family with rays in the form of hands.
- This reproduction wall hanging is made from bonded stone with an aged sandstone finish, ready to hang.
- 15 in W x 13 in H. Weight 7 lbs. (E-077S)
More About the Pharaoh Akhenaten:
Akhenaton, originally named Amenhotep IV, ruled Egypt for 17 years (1367-1350 b.c.) together with his beautiful Queen Nefertiti, he was Son of Amenhotep III. Like his father before him, Akhenaton initially recognized the power of the priests of Amun at Thebes but after the fifth year of his reign, he changed the state cult of Amun to that of Aten, the unique God represented as the sun-disk with its rays ending in small hands. This was a huge shift for Egypt from Polytheism to Monotheism, the belief in one god instead of many. This began two decades of religious reforms overthrowing millennia of traditional religious and civil life. Akhenaten was also responsible for a new artistic direction that contrasted with existing conventions. This art form became known as "Amarna art" which intentionally featured the pharaoh's body and face as elongated and deformed.
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Only 1 left


The descriptive text, below the map, is from the Cornish Red Data Book (2009). The map on this web page depicts the organisms distribution and shows the records made pre-2000 and those made since.
Range & Status
Records suggest that this species was widely distributed throughout England and Wales, and south-west Scotland. It has become very uncommon during the present century.
R.T.Bannister beat this species from Grey Willow Salix cinerea and Bramble Rubus
fruticosus agg. at Carfury, Madron, in 1973.
Habitat & Ecology
Associated with decaying wood, especially old Ivy Hedera helix ; larvae are found in rotten and firm dead wood in broadleaved woodland, pasture-woodland and hedgerows.
Removal of deadwood from woods and hedgerows, for tidiness or other reasons.
I.J. Bennallick, S. Board, C.N. French, P.A. Gainey, C. Neil, R. Parslow, A. Spalding and P.E. Tompsett. eds. 2009. Red Data Book for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. 2nd Edition.Croceago Press.
The Cornish Red Data Book Project was led by the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Federation for Biological Recorders (CISFBR). The full text and species accounts (minus the maps) are available on the CISFBR website.


Currently — January 30th, 2023
What you need to know, currently.
New York, Washington, Baltimore, and Philadelphia’s snowless streak continues, as much of the mid-Atlantic faces a historic “snow drought.”
New York and other major cities along the I-95 corridor are experiencing one of their least snowy seasons in the last five decades. The region has been warmer than usual, due to La Niña, which is now going on its third consecutive year.
Despite a few snow flurries on Wednesday, New York’s Central park hasn’t had a measurable snowfall, which starts at a tenth of an inch. This means that the city, which averages just about 30 inches of snow each winter, is on track to beat its record of the latest first snowfall, which is set at Jan. 29. Similarly, Philadelphia is one week away from tying its February 3 all-time record
Due to human-induced climate change and urbanization, the first recorded measurable snowfall of the season has been happening further back each winter. Without snow gathering on the ground, areas that usually get adequate snowfall throughout winter are left without a snowpack or a layer of snow that typically provides fresh water to the ground and rivers as it melts in the spring and summer.
As of today, the snow deficit across the region is set to continue.
Currently is a member-supported independent news outlet and we can’t pursue our mission without you. The best way to support our work is to become a member:
What you can do, currently.
Climate change is making wildfires worse, damaging our communities and the environment. Not only do wildfires hurt our forests and put people in danger — burn scars can result in harsher floods — like we’ve seen in recent weeks across California.
Our partner Wren supports efforts to prevent wildfires by removing flammable, dead wood and turning it into biochar — removing carbon in the process. Join Wren to start funding climate solutions today, new users get 20 native trees planted for free on us.
Enjoying our stories and want more reporting on the ground? We publish daily weather updates in the following cities. Sign up now!


Food Plants International - Plant Fact Sheets Pouteria sapota - Sapote, Mamey sapote
Edible parts - Fruit, Kernel, Seeds, Nuts
A large tree. It grows 20-45 m tall. The trunk can be 1 m across. There can be buttresses. The branches are thick. There is a dense covering of leaves. The leaves are oval or sword shaped. They are towards the ends of the branches. They are arranged in spirals. The leaf stalk is 2-5 cm long. The leaf blade is 10-30 cm long by 4-10 cm wide. The flowers are small and almost without stalks. They grow in large numbers under branches and along leafless branches. They are in clusters of 6-15 in the axils of fallen leaves. Each flower has 5 true and 5 false stamens. The fruit is large and reddish brown. It has a rough, hard skin. The fruit can be 8-25 cm long. The flesh can be red, orange or greyish. Many varieties occur. They can be long or rounded. The amount of fibre in the flesh varies. The fruit contain one or more seeds. The seeds are large and have a sharp end. They are dark brown and smooth and shiny on one end.
A tropical plant. It is native from Mexico to Central America. It does best in the hot humid tropical lowlands. It prefers a rainfall above 1900 mm per year. They are susceptible to frost. It cannot tolerate low temperatures. Temperatures between 25°-28°C are best. They cannot tolerate drought. It grows naturally at low elevations in Central America. Trees grow from sea level to 1400 m altitude. A distinct dry season limits the fruiting season. It suits hardiness zones 10-11.