How much money does it take to make ends meet in West Virginia? A new Family Budget calculator from the Economic Policy Institute shows what is required for families to attain a secure yet modest standard of living in rural and urban communities in West Virginia. While the cost of living around West Virginia varies for families, those making poverty-level wages cannot begin to cover basic expenses.
Compared with the federal poverty line and Supplemental Poverty Measure, EPI’s family budgets provide a more accurate and complete measure of economic security in America and West Virginia. For example, a two-parent family with two young children in rural West Virginia, with both parents making the state minimum wage of $8 an hour, would make only $33,280. This is about half of the $61,579 the family would need in annual income to have a modest standard of living that covers the basics – such as housing, food, child care, and transportation. This helps explain why so many people across the country have been demanding a minimum wage of $15 an hour, because that is about what it would take for this family to have decent standard of living without any public assistance.
Here is a breakdown of a monthly estimate of expenses for rural West Virginia families. The calculation assumes that families prepare all their meals at home, live in modest housing, and only travel for work and non-social reasons. The measure also takes into account items such as cell phones and home furnishings, but not vacations or saving for retirement or college.
According to the latest American Community Survey, about half or 47 percent of children in West Virginia were in families where their parents (or guardians) made less than twice the poverty rate in 2013 – which is below what families with children need to cover the basics. While West Virginia offers some services to these families such as health insurance, child care assistance, and other programs, these policies are not enough. Working families need better-paying jobs and policies that reward hard work for low-income families that are playing by the rules.
Enacting a refundable West Virginia Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) would be a step in the right direction. It would not only put more money in the pockets of the states’s low- and moderate-income workers but it would also improve our state’s upside-down tax system and help create more jobs in its rural areas.
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31 October 2014
This Halloween I created an indoor halloween light effect using a Raspberry Pi and a PIR sensor. Unlike previous years my children weren't really involved in making this one, which is because my 9 year old daughter decided to create her own Raspberry Pi based Halloween Project.
She has created a Raspberry Pi, Makey Makey Pi-ano. It's a musical keyboard using conductive play-doh shaped into pumpkins and ghosts using a biscuit cutter. The Makey Makey converts the touch contact into a key-press which is passed to the Raspberry pi.
In scratch these key presses are detected and used to play a short sound and light up a LED pumpkin using Scratch GPIO. More details on using Scratch GPIO in presentation mode on the Raspberry Pi.
Take a quick look at the video below (sorry no sound due to the speaker used being very quiet compared to the noise of the Halloween Party we were having in the background).
The LED pumpkin lights are from a shop bought Halloween decoration which I broke apart and soldered on solid core cables to make it easy to plug them into a breadboard. They were then connected to the relevant GPIO ports through a 220 ohm resistor.
I helped with the electronics and setting up the Scratch GPIO communications, but the rest of the programming is all my daughters own work.
The screen uses the HDMIPi screen, which is ideal for this kind of project.
You can download the software scary-pi-ano.sb.
Don't forget to install Scratch GPIO extensions first.
It's good to keep my daughter interested in programming. She doesn't do as much as she did when she was in the Code Club I was running, but she does still enjoy it when we find a project she is interested in. My daughter also edited the video herself using kdenlive running on Linux.
Also see last years Halloween Trick or Treat scarer using the Raspberry Pi


Rhode Island is the US’s smallest state. It is made up of 1,214 square miles. Driven north to south, one would travel 49 miles and from east to west, only 37 miles. Known as the Ocean State, the state is almost divided into two parts by the Narragansett Bay and has over 400 miles of coastline. Rhode Island boasts the second highest population per square mile. Lesser known is that 50% of this small state is forested land. The state oversees this forested land by providing a Forest Ranger each for its northern and southern divisions. This with a few administrative personnel makes up the state’s Wildfire bureau.
2013 Fire Report: 49 Fires ~ 53 Acres Burned
Wildfire Prevention Concerns include:
1. Dry and curing woody fuels on the ground. Like its New England neighboring states, the weather/natural events of the past several years, Hurricanes Irene and most recently Sandy, along with various nor’easters has left above average amounts of downed trees and branches on its forest floor.
2. Fire roads are inaccessible. Diminished funds and current staffing levels have hampered maintenance of fire roads built decades ago. This is a widespread problem both in the state and local forested areas.
3. Wildland Urban Interface issues are building as housing in the southwest, southern and northern counties grows. State wildfire personnel are concerned that wildfire situational awareness by local fire departments hasn’t increased as has the potential for wildfire.
1. The Forest Rangers step up their forest patrols during high danger fire days.
2. An on-going Smokey Bear programming is being maintained with schools, youth organizations, outdoor groups and fairs.
3. The state is looking into requesting assistance with its wildfire prevention concerns from the NFFPC’s Fire Prevention Education Team (FPET).


Hazardous materials workers identify, remove, package, transport, and dispose of dangerous materials including asbestos, radioactive and nuclear waste, arsenic, lead, and mercury. They often respond to emergencies where harmful substances are present, and are sometimes called abatement, remediation, or decontamination specialists.
Job Related Skills, Interests and Values
What Preparation and Training Do You Need?
What's Your Future as a Hazardous Materials Worker (253H)?
Apprentice wage increases with skill and experience. Fully qualified workers earn an average of $19.00 per hour.
Hazardous Materials Worker (253H)
|Do you have good hand-eye coordination, and enjoy working with different types of hand tools?|
|Do you enjoy problem solving and coming up with a solution?|
|Do you like working with latest technology?|
|Are you able to follow Health & Safety guidelines?|
|Are you able to lift more than 50lbs? Are you able to stand or sit for long periods of time?|
|Are you conscious of the environment?|
|Are you reliable, a self-starter and able to work with minimal supervision?|
If you checked YES to the majority of these questions, a career as a Hazardous Materials Worker may be for you!
You might want to look at these similar trades as well;


Letter recognition activities toddlers
Discover Pinterest’s 10 best ideas and inspiration for Letter recognition activities toddlers. Get inspired and try out new things.
Looking for ways to work on the ABCs? These preschool alphabet games work on letter recognition and are hands-on fun!
Kim Ragland saved to ABC's
Free printable There Was An Old Lady Who Swallowed The ABC's Letter Recognition: Alphabet identification | Naming ABCs | Book activity
Janet saved to Playtime Pals
The order for teaching letter recognition, and why! Plus a ton of fun games and activities to have little ones learn the alphabet, letter sounds, and how to print in no time!
The Moffatt Girls saved to Reading
What is the best way to teach alphabet recognition? With a lot of repetition, exposure and simple, play-based activities!
Amanda Semolich saved to Homeschool
Looking for ways to teach letter recognition? You'll love this collection of ten hands-on activities!
Playdough to Plato saved to Alphabet Centers
7 Hands-on Ways to Practice Letter Recognition at home! Practice letters with these fun and easy to prep activities today!
Lisa McCloskey saved to Preschool
A hands-on alphabet garden to practice letter recognition! Use a shoe box and craft sticks to make this super fun activity for your preschool kids!
isra saved to activities for kids
Wondering how to teach the alphabet? Preschool and kindergarten teachers can find all they need to know right here. Learn veteran teachers' wisdom.
Anna Vullo saved to Preschool activities
Have fun teaching letter recognition and letter formation with these fun printable alphabet roads! Learning through play is the best way of learning and there is so much kids can learn using these colourful letter roads. As they play with these alphabet roads toddlers and preschoolers will learn to recognise letters, name letters and later form letters. School aged children can use the letter roads to learn to form letters correctly in a fun and engaging way.
Sonja La Grange saved to Nursery school
Name Recognition Clothespin Clip Activity for Preschoolers | Preschool learning activities, Name activities preschool, Toddler learning activities
Aug 31, 2021 - Looking for a fun name recognition activity for your preschooler? This clothespin clip activity is easy to put together with no printer...
Coryn Skinas saved to For kids


Sangir settlements can be mostly found on Sarangani Island between southern Mindanao and Celebes island, as well as, Indonesia in North Sulawesi and the Great Sangir Island. They're often mistaken for Sangil. And, like its contemporary, are the only two representative descendants of Sulawesi. They are fiercely proud of their identity and culture, orthodoxy, and language. Structurally, their society was held together by the Datu, whose tenure was measured by the number of followers. In return for tribute and labor, the datu provided emergency aid and presided over disputes with other communities. Independently, each Muslim group aggressively protected its borders with its neighboring Muslim counterparts; collectively, Filipino Muslims lacked solidarity and were often fragmented. Thus, endemic conflict, clan war, and family feud persisted for centuries and to the present day.
The language having Indonesian affinities and much of the indigenous culture heavily influenced by Islam, later absorbed into the coastal societies, particularly into the Kalagan group. Culturally, it's associated with lowland and coastal adaptations with a mixture of intensive cultivation and horticulture. Traditional crops include rice (in upland fields), sweet potato, corn and banana, as well as, cash-cropping with coconut.
Lebar, Frank M. Ethnic Groups of Insular Southeast Asia. Human Relations and Files Press. 1972.
Zamboanga City. http://shorttext.com/


About the Project
This project was conceived of as a preliminary research component for a Senior Thesis Project at Antioch College. In an effort to bolster the sagging housing market during the depths of the Great Depression, the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) used metropolitan racial demographics to institutionalize segregation in almost 200 American cities. The HOLC codified municipal racial demographics in the form of color-coded maps and recommended that banks would have a higher mortgage return in all-White (Anglo) neighborhoods. Dayton lending institutions discriminated against black and Jewish Americans, as well as Eastern European immigrants by refusing them credit for housing.
The dominant narrative says that the Federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 abolished this practice, but the legacy of redlining continues to haunt mid-sized American cities like Dayton. This project will involve interviews with local scholars on the issue, as well as those whose lives have been affected by discrimination. Oral histories will be archived using workflows and best practices established by OHLA, and will eventually be featured on an interactive project website containing the OHLA case study, excerpts of the thesis, and GIS-enhanced maps detailing the effects of redlining in the Dayton area. Faculty advisor Dr. Kevin McGruder is a scholar of urban history and recently authored Race and Real Estate: Conflict and Cooperation in Harlem 1890-1920 (Columbia University Press, June 2015).


Common Name: Pickeral Frog
Scientific Name: Rana palustris
Family: Ranidae – True Frog family
Location: United States and Canada
US Locations: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, and West Virginia
Size: 1.75 – 3.5 inches (4.5 – 8.9 cm)
The Pickeral Frog is found throughout the eastern United States and part of southeastern Canada. They resemble the leopard frogs but the Pickeral Frogs have rectangular spots on their back. The frog is a semi-aquatic species of frog and is found near the edges of streams, lakes, and ponds. In the northern part of their range where it snows, they survive by laying in the bottom of ponds, streams, and pools. The Pickeral Frog is poisonous, so don’t eat them and avoid handling.
Breeding for the Pickeral Frog is pretty standard for a frog. Due to the large range of the frog, the breeding season changes based on latitude. In the southern part of the range, they breed from December to May. In the middle of the range, they breed from March to May and in the north, they breed from May to June. The male frogs will start to call from water bodies to attract female. Eventually, the females will show up to mate. Then, the males will grasp the female from behind in the amplexus position. Next, the female will start to lay her eggs and the male will fertilize them. The female lays between 700 – 3,000 eggs. Neither parent provides any parental care. The tadpoles take between 2 to 3 months to complete their metamorphosis.
While the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List categorizes the Pickeral Frog as Least Concern for Extinction, they have been struggling in some parts of their range. In Wisconsin, they are listed as a Special Species of Concern, while declining in other states. Better protections and restoring wetlands will help keep these frogs around.
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Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2021
1. Artificial intelligence:
Amnesty International ranked first on the list. Artificial intelligence refers to programmable algorithms that analyze and apply knowledge automatically. It is the largest force in emerging technology and includes security applications and sales to companies.
2. 5G technology:
5G offers improvements on 4G, such as low latency, smart energy consumption, and high device density. 5G technology will make augmented reality, smart cities, and connected vehicles possible.
3. The Internet:
The Internet collects information from connected devices and allows systems analyses. These platforms, devices, and datasets provide additional insights and competencies for an organization.
4. Serverless computing:
Serverless computing, or service function (FaaS), allows companies to create applications that expand in real-time; So you can respond to a demand that can change immediately based on size orders. FaaS offers a consumption-based platform so that developers can deploy applications quickly and cost-effectively.
Security will be improved by biometrics, allowing people and devices to authenticate and move smoothly across the world.
6. Augmented reality Virtual reality
Augmented reality technology change how people interact with devices, data, and each other. The Foundation uses hybrid reality, artificial intelligence, and sensor techniques; To enhance implementation flexibility, operational efficiency, and individual productivity.
The ability to secure and manage online transactions is increasingly needed, and the blockchain is the solution. Blockchain manages the data and the challenges of the supply chain.
Robots shift from industrial use to service delivery, and physically affect homes and businesses.
9. Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP)
NLP is a field of artificial intelligence that enables computers to analyze and understand human language. Speech-to-text converts human language into a programming language, while text-to-speech converts computer operation into an audible response.
10. Quantitative computing:
Our ability to process and analyze big data will be influenced by quantitative computing. It is the key to benefiting from machine learning, and the power of artificial intelligence.
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This year the Sisters of Providence, Mother Joseph Province Earth Committee has decided to focus on the Ecological Conversion Goal #4, specifically the reduction of the use of plastics.
Goal #4: Adoption of simple lifestyles: reduce us of energy and resources, avoid single-use plastic, adopt a more plant-based diet, reduce meat consumption and increase use of public transportation over polluting alternatives.
According to EarthDay.org plastic pollution is one of the most fundamental issues threatening the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems worldwide. Micro-plastics are found everywhere, from mountaintops to the deepest oceans, even inside our bodies.
Plastic pollution in our oceans is projected to triple by 2040. If the current rate of plastic pollution continues, by the year 2050 there will be more plastic in the oceans than fish?
Recycling is a good thing to do but it is only a drop in the bucket. We need to hold companies that make and use plastics packaging accountable for the waste they create.
Think about the above information and think: Analyze how much plastics you use on a daily basis and decide what you can change in your usage. In what ways have I been contributing to the plastics problem? In what ways have I been a success in the reduction of plastics? In what ways can I get companies to rethink their packaging practices?


Hello Readers here you will read 2 Minute Motivational Speech for Students. When we face any failure then we have need of strong motivation. Motivation plays important role in achieving success. Student life is a life with which a person’s future is connected. If decisions are taken thoughtfully in student life, then the future can be golden.
2 Minute Motivational Speech for Students :-
Knowledge is very important to become something in life. You should never expect anything from anyone. One should only rely on one’s hard work and God. We should not depend too much on anyone because even our shadow leaves us in the dark.
Never underestimate yourself, only your hard work and dedication can make you successful.
If today you are working hard and your friends are playing comfortably, there will be a time when you will be living your life comfortably and those friends will be regretting.
Time is the most important thing in a student’s life. If a student is using the time properly. He is giving time to everything so this time will take him far one day. Because we know that everything can be bought. But the time once passed will never come back.
Always remember that if someone is at a big position today, he started it. No one reaches great heights in the beginning or at once, but for this only continuous hard work works.
No one will support you at first but when you become successful everyone will support you this is the real truth of today. So you have to start alone.
Until you become successful no one will show interest in listening to you but after success everyone will listen to you attentively.
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Chestnut, American (Castanea dentata)
Chestnut, American is a domestic hardwood
American chestnut (Castanea dentata) is also known as sweet chestnut. Before this species was attacked by a blight in the 1920s, it grew in commercial quantities from New England to northern Georgia. Practically all standing chestnut has been killed by blight, and most supplies of the lumber come from salvaged timbers. Because of the species’ natural resistance to decay, standing dead trees in the Appalachian Mountains continued to provide substantial quantities of lumber for several decades after the blight, but this source is now exhausted.
The heartwood of chestnut is grayish brown or brown and darkens with age. The sapwood is very narrow and almost white. The wood is coarse in texture; growth rings are made conspicuous by several rows of large, distinct pores at the beginning of each year’s growth. Chestnut wood is moderately light in weight, moderately hard, moderately low in strength, moderately low in resistance to shock, and low in stiffness. It dries well and is easy to work with tools.
Chestnut was once used for poles, railroad crossties, furniture, caskets, boxes, shingles, crates, and corestock for veneer panels. At present, it appears most frequently as wormy chestnut for paneling, interior woodwork, and picture frames.
*Much of the base wood information presented here is made available by the USDA FPL FS. If you are interested in a much more technical description of wood properties, I encourage you to visit the source.


16 Apr, 2012, 04:21 ET
GREENBELT, Md., April 16, 2012 NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Visitor Center in Greenbelt, Md. announced that it will be having free "Scout Days" in May and June, where girl scouts and boy scouts can learn about NASA science and technology.
NASA invites scout troop leaders to contact NASA to arrange participation at the events. Scouts will be able to meet and talk with NASA engineers about their work, participate in an engineering design challenge, and showcase their work to NASA staff and museum visitors.
Two dates have been established for the events:
Girl Scout Engineering Day: Saturday, May 12, 12 - 4 p.m. EDT
(Troop leader professional development session: Monday, April 23, 6:30 - 8:30 p.m. EDT)
Boy Scout Engineering Day: Saturday, June 23, 12 - 4 p.m. EDT
(Troop leader professional development session: Tuesday, May 22, 6:30 - 8:30 p.m. EDT)
These sessions have been established to help girl and boy scouts earn Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) related achievements. Troop leaders can bring their troops to NASA's inaugural (and free) Scout Days at the NASA Goddard Visitor Center.
In order to participate in NASA Scout Days, troop leaders must attend a professional development session in order to prepare their scouts for the design challenge. Only scout leaders who have attended the appropriate professional development session will be eligible to participate in the Scout Day design challenge.
To register, or for more information please contact Catherine Kruchten at 301-286-0251 or [email protected].
For more information and directions to the NASA Goddard Visitor's Center, visit:
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A probe that made the first landing on a comet but fell silent when its battery ran down may revive with sunlight in March, France's space chief said Monday.
"The Philae saga is going to continue," Jean-Yves Le Gall, head of the National Centre for Space Studies (CNES), told journalists in Paris, referring to the robot lab perched on the dusty iceball zipping through space.
The 100-kilogramme (220-pound) European probe landed on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on November 12 after a 10-year trek piggybacking on its mother ship, Rosetta.
But the operation did not go smoothly. Philae bounced twice on the icy surface before settling at an angle in the shadow of a cliff.
It had enough power in an onboard battery for around 60 hours of experiments, but not enough light to sustain its solar panels and carry on working.
On November 15, out of juice, the lander went into standby mode.
But the situation could change as Comet "C-G" draws closer to the Sun, Le Gall said.
"We hope that from March, the sunlight will help the robot to recharge its batteries and resume its scientific work," he said.
Scientists resorted to every trick to tease data from Philae's 10 instruments before the shutdown.
But a great bonus would be if the lander can monitor the comet when it reaches its closest and hottest point to the Sun.
"We are hoping to get real-time experience at perihelion, on August 13," said Le Gall. "I am sure we'll see things that we never imagined."
Knowing exactly where Philae is would help mission managers calculate its chances of resuming duties.
"We have a rough idea of where it is, but we still haven't seen it," Marc Pircher, head of the Toulouse space centre, told AFP explaining that Rosetta's Osiris camera had been tasked for the search.


Wayne County to bulk up air quality monitoring network
Wayne County is planning to build a much larger infrastructure to monitor air quality, county Executive Warren Evans announced this week.
During his annual State of the County address, Evans laid out the county’s plan to put 100 stationary air monitors throughout the county. Five hundred children with asthma will also get mobile air monitors to clip on their backpacks, and sensors on their inhalers that record when and where they use them.
“Together with air quality data, they’ll allow us to learn the air fingerprint of asthma in our communities. We can use that data to take immediate action,” said Evans, noting that the county will be able to notify parents when air quality is poor.
Evans said getting a more detailed picture of air pollution in the county will also have long-term benefits. “As for the polluters, let’s just say the next time they apply for their permits, we’ll be waiting with the data we need to hold them accountable,” he said.
Air pollution in Wayne County has improved in recent years, but it remains a serious problem in Detroit and some downriver communities. Detroit also has a significantly higher asthma burden than the rest of the state, and that gap has only grown in recent years.
Kathryn Savoie of the Ann Arbor-based Ecology Center said Evans’ announcement is a welcome one. The Ecology Center has teamed up with other groups and community activists to install and operate a network of air quality monitors in Wayne County, but she said any additional monitoring is a good thing.
“We think it's really important that we have access to more information about what's going on with our air at a finer level of detail than what we get with [state] regulatory monitors,” Savoie said.
But Savoie said where the monitors get placed — and who decides that — will be important. “I hope that the county will be looking at spacing this, and getting community input so that we're addressing the needs and concerns of the people who are affected by poor quality air,” she said.


“Slavery,” Monterey Herald—Jan. 14, 2023
America inherited slavery from the rest of the world. Slavery existed in Asia, the Middle East and Europe for centuries before the United States existed. Brutal Black-on-Black slavery existed in Africa for thousands of years. Black African leaders sold many Blacks to the New World. Young Black males collected other Blacks onto slave ships.
In 1830, in America, 3,775 Blacks owned 12,750 slaves. Later, 3,000 Black people owned slaves in New Orleans alone and many more Blacks owned slaves throughout the South. The largest slave owner in 1860 South Carolina was a Black man, William Ellison.
And American Indians owned slaves, too. And there were white indentured slaves. Also, white males who did not own property did not have the right to vote until, Andrew Johnson was the 17th president. And Jim Crow laws of the South, disenfranchised many poor white people as well as Black people.
Most of the white Europeans, who came to America, in the great immigration periods, were very poor and their children did not inherit money as millions, like my parents and aunts and uncles lived through the Great Depression. And without wealth, they worked so hard their whole lives to make it here.
Giving money to those who were never slaves is racial robbery.
— Ronald Lomanto, Monterey


Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis, or skin. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals. The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably keratin.
Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion.
All natural hair colors are the result of two types of hair pigments. Both of these pigments are melanin types, produced inside the hair follicle and packed into granules found in the fibers. Eumelanin is the dominant pigment in brown hair, and black hair, while pheomelanin is dominant in red hair. Blond hair is the result of having little pigmentation in the hair strand. Gray hair occurs when melanin production decreases or stops, while poliosis is hair (and often the skin to which the hair is attached), typically in spots, that never possessed melanin at all in the first place, or ceased for natural genetic reasons, generally, in the first years of life.
In this gallery you can download free PNG images: Hair PNG images, women and men hairs PNG images download
In this gallery "Hair" we have 44 free PNG images with transparent background.


When Is a Hacker Not a Hacker?
The word “hacker” gets throw around a lot. Anytime there’s a cybersecurity issue, the malicious actor is labelled a hacker.
Most of the time, it’s an accurate label.
However, the line can be very blurry very quickly.
What Is A Hacker?
Hacker originally didn’t refer to a cybercriminal.
The word was used as a label for someone who loves to breakdown computing problems and systems and solve them in creative ways.
This definition is still listed in the dictionary but has fallen out of use. We—the original hacking culture—lost control of it over time as it was used again and again in the mainstream to refer to malicious activities, not acts of creation.
Edge Case Confusion
As with science, economics, or any complex technical topics, simplifications must be made in order to make any issues accessible to a broad audience.
In the case of cybersecurity, that simplification is “Anything unintended == hacker.”
Honestly, it’s not a bad trade off. But it’s also not always accurate.
NFT marketplace OpenSea recently had an issue where some NFTs were sold at a dramatically reduced price compared to their current trading value.
Due to the nature of the blockchain, these transactions were considered valid.
Of course, it’s a hack right? Some hacker broke into OpenSea and committed a crime (probably fraud or maybe theft?) in order to pull this scheme off.
Not so fast.
Single Source of Truth
It turns out—in this case—that there were multiple listings for the same NFTs. Earlier listings that the owners thought removed, were only removed from the web interface.
These listings were still accessible via the API or application programming interface. The unexpected transactions were conducted via the API using the lower price listing.
OpenSea treats the API as the single source of the truth. Users (buyers and sellers) see the web interface as the single source of truth.
The hacker in this case took advantage of that and completed a completely valid transaction on the platform.
So are they a hacker or a smart buyer?


EXTRACTION OF METALS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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- COMPUTER STUDIES KICD SYLLABUS/CURRICULUM
- State two ways in which data validation is implemented on an input form of a database application.
- Describe each of the following features of a graphical user interface operating system.
- What term is preferably used to refer to parturition in sows
- Outline four effects of ticks on livestock
- Give four reasons for castrating male calves
- The following are segments of programming languages A and B respectively
- State two conditions under which a farmer can only use ox-drawn implements and not tractor drawn implements
- What does the term ‘digestibility of feed’ mean?
- State the most appropriate method of castration in pigs.
- Describe artificial brooding of layer chicks from day old up to eight weeks.
- State three maintenance practices of farm stores.
- GEOGRAPHY FORM 1 NOTES ON STATISTICS
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- I.R.E REVISION PAST PAPERS WITH MARKING SCHEMES FOR FORM 4 KCSE PREPARATIONS MODEL03112022001


150+ Canadians Day 111: Dr. Roy Akira Miki
Roy Akira Miki, contributed to peace by writing and speaking out against injustice particularly the internment of Japanese Canadians.
Dr. Miki is a distinguished scholar and teacher, one of Canada’s finest poets and authors, and a passionate advocate for social justice. Born on a sugar beet farm in Manitoba, where his Japanese Canadian parents were interned during the Second World War, Dr. Miki’s early experiences with discrimination fueled his drive to express his ideas and emotions.
Dr. Miki’s human rights activism has helped change the shape of Canadian society.
A 2002 collection of his poems, “Surrender”, received the Governor General’s Award for Poetry.
Dr. Miki’s writing and voluntary contributions were recognized in 2006 with three major awards: the Order of Canada, Gandhi Peace Award and Thakore Visiting Scholar Award. In his book Redress: Inside the Japanese Canadian Call for Justice, author Dr. Miki notes how NDP Leader Ed Broadbent was brought to tears as he spoke at the 1988 apology in the House of Commons; his first wife was Japanese Canadian.
He is also a recipient of Simon Fraser University’s Nora and Ted Sterling Prize in Support of Controversy.
Got a name in mind? Contribute to the list! Send us your suggested names on the Contact Us page.
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NGC 281, IC 11 or Sh2-184 is a bright emission nebula and part of an H II region in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia and is part of the Milky Way's Perseus Spiral Arm. This 20×30 arcmin sized nebulosity is also associated with open cluster IC 1590, several Bok globules and the multiple star, B 1. It collectively forms Sh2-184, spanning over a larger area of 40 arcmin. A recent distance from radio parallaxes of water masers at 22 GHz made during 2014 is estimated it lies 2.82±0.20 kpc. (9200 ly.) from us. Colloquially, NGC 281 is also known as the Pacman Nebula for its resemblance to the video game character.
Edward Emerson Barnard discovered the nebula in August 1883, describing it as "a large faint nebula, very diffuse." Multiple star 'B 1' or β 1 was later discovered by S. W. Burnham, whose bright component is identified as the highly luminous O6 spectral class star, HD 5005 or HIP 4121. It consists of an 8th-magnitude primary with four companions at distances between 1.4 and 15.7 arcsec. There has been no appreciable change in this quintuple system since the first measures were made in 1875.
vh, - bjarte.


US scientists have designed a new spray-on explosive detector sensitive enough to detect just a billionth of a gram of explosive. After treatment the explosive glows blue under UV light, making it perfect for use in the field.
William Trogler and his team at the University of California, San Diego, made a silafluorene-fluorene copolymer to identify nitrogen-containing explosives. It is the first of its kind to act as a switchable sensor with picogram (10-15g) detection limits, and is reported in the Royal Society of Chemistry's Journal of Materials Chemistry.
Trogler's polymer can detect explosives at much lower levels than existing systems because it detects particles instead of explosive vapours. In the team's new method one can simply spray the polymer solution over the test area, let it dry, and shine UV light on it. Spots of explosive quench the fluorescent polymer and turn blue. The polymer is able to show the difference between nitrate esters, such as trinitroglycerin, and nitroaromatic explosives, such as TNT.
Initially, polymer-treated spots of both compounds appear blue under UV light, but after further exposure the trinitroglycerin spot fluoresces green-yellow whilst the TNT spot remains blue. This colour change is thought to be due to photooxidation of the fluorenyl groups of the polymer.
Trogler was surprised to find that adding a spirofluorene co-monomer gave the polymer a 100 per cent efficient conversion of UV light into fluorescence, describing this increase as dramatic. 'From a technology perspective, the most surprising thing was the ability to use photochemistry to attain a reasonably chemospecific turn-on sensor,' he says. The technology is now being commercially produced by RedXDefense, a security company based in the US. The team are currently working on a similar system to detect peroxide-based explosives and say they hope to be able to investigate perchlorates and organic nitrates too.
Original publication: Sanchez and Trogler, J. Mater. Chem., 2008.


History of Divided Families
According to the South Korean Red Cross and the “Office for the Administration of the Five Northern Provinces,” as of 1991, there were over 7.2 million divided family members in South Korea. During the first round of reunions conducted by the South Korean government, of the 116,460 individuals applying for a reunion, by the end of June 2001, nearly 11 percent of the original applicants had passed away.
By January 31, 2012, the number increased to 128,678 registered applicants.
According to the Congressional Research Service in 2010, only 80 out of approximately 100,000 to 500,000 Korean Americans were ever given the opportunity to meet their relatives in North Korea.
In the United States, there are around 100,000 first generation Korean Americans who have been separated from their family members in North Korea. Time is running out as many of these current divided family members are in their 70’s-90’s.
The HR2595 bill, signed by President Bush, required the United States to facilitate the reunification of such families. Because the bill expired in 2008, the current bill, HR3288 was signed by President Obama to bring the issue back to national spotlight by hiring a Special Envoy for Human Rights in North Korea, Robert King. Even so, due to the political clout in North Korea, the issue of divided families is yet to be resolved by the embassy.


As redheads, you may have heard something about a mutant gene called MC1R. In a late study, researchers tested for the MC1R gene variant, finding it in 65 of 67 redheads.
We spoke with the internationally renowned board-certified dermatologist (redhead too!), Dr. Leslie Baumann M.D., to discuss the Mc1R and what it’s all about.
She explains, “There are two types of skin pigment in the skin: eumelanin and pheomelanin. Redheads have more pheomelanin which causes the reddish pigment. Red hair (increased pheomelanin) appears in people with two copies of a mutation in the MC1R (melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor). Basically- this is a receptor- that when stimulated makes the skin cells (called melanocytes) make more pigment (called melanin).”
This is the same pathway that makes one tan when exposed to the sun. It also causes increased endorphins upon sun exposure which is why you feel so good when out in the sun. This receptor is also activated by the sun which causes a cascade that can result in the development of various forms of skin cancer including the deadly melanoma.
“It is the defect in the MC1R gene that causes red hair, freckling and an increased incidence of melanoma,” says Baumann.
So, redheads beware! Most cannot tan and redheads are at a higher risk of skin cancer, so just forget about laying out in the sun. Embrace your skin, wear sunscreen and protective clothing.
If you must have color, invest in a great self-tanner and embrace the fact that this MC1R gene makes redheads look younger! Read more here.
Rock it like a Redhead!
SUBSCRIBE TO THE H2BAR BOX: A MONTHLY BEAUTY BOX FOR REDHEADS! USE CODE: REDHAIR FOR 15% OFF. SUBSCRIBE NOW!


Diatomaceous earth natural diatoms for plants is a natural repellent and a fertilizing and moisture-retaining ingredient. Diatomaceous earth used in agriculture or at home will provide plants with silicon necessary for their proper growth and development...
Plants in the early stages of growth contain silicon (Si) in the form of silicic acid. The concentration of this acid decreases with the age of the plant, approaching zero in mature plants due to the covering of SiO2 particles with organic polyphenols. Drying of the plant also results in the isolation of silicic acid, which leads to a marked reduction.
Why are diatoms (diatomaceous earth) for plants so important?
In the case of small house pots, sprinkle the soil under the plant with a thin layer of diatoms. In the case of garden cultivation, use larger quantities at your own discretion. Plot the plants in the morning or evening.
Diatoms (diatomaceous earth) as a natural repellent – natural protection of plants against garden or wood pests.
Sprinkle with diatoms on both sides of the leaves. Avoid using diatoms on flowers, as they can damage beneficial insects such as bees. The diatoms do not kill earthworms if we carry them to the surface of the earth without deeper soil penetration. Sprinkle or spray the tree trunk with a solution of diatoms (1/3 glass per 1 liter of water) to prevent the pests from re-infesting the tree.
Recommendations and precautions
Do not allow the product to get into your eyes, as it may cause them to dry out. Avoid long-term inhalation of high concentrations of the product, as this may lead to irritation of the respiratory system. Wear a face mask and / or proceed with caution especially when you have problems with your lungs and respiratory system, eg asthma. Never use crystalline diatoms or those that do not have food quality. They can be dangerous to the health of living organisms.


HIV TESTING DAY—MAY 10
Don’t play games. Get tested!
WHO SHOULD GET TESTED FOR HIV? EVERYONE.
WHO SHOULD LEARN MORE ABOUT HIV? EVERYONE.
The only way you can know your status for sure is to get tested. According to the CDC, everyone between the ages of 13 and 64 should get tested for HIV. Knowing your status puts you in control of your life—and protects your partners. If you learn that you are positive, there are medications that can help you live a long and healthy life—and reduce your risk of transmitting HIV to others.
Wednesday, May 10, 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM we are offering free testing and activities that will educate, entertain, and keep you healthy.
Testing is by appointment only. Call: 718-784-2240, ext. 889, 391 or 313
FREE HIV TESTING
Knowing your status is empowering and the first step to living a full and healthy life. According to the CDC, people between the ages of 13 to 64 should get tested for HIV at least once as part of routine health care. People at high risk should get tested more frequently.
Knowing your status helps you make good decisions that will keep you healthy for many years. Starting treatment after early diagnosis will reduce HIV-related illness and will help prevent transmission to others. People who learn that they are HIV-negative can make informed decisions about their lifestyle and healthcare choices that can protect them from being infected, such as taking PrEP as a preventative measure.
Join us for free testing. To make an appointment, call 718-784-2240, ext. 889, 391 or 313.


An estimated 103,000 people die in the U.S. each year from Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI), as many deaths as from AIDS, breast cancer and auto accidents combined. The economic costs of Hospital Acquired Infections (also called nosocomial infections) are reported to be in excess of $47 billion annually in the United States. Managing bacteria (the breeding ground for infections) is one of the most effective ways of controlling infections.
The HyGenesis System for infection inhibition is the foundation of our growing solution set. The system includes three elements: 1) a unique product set which demonstrates long term efficacy after application, 2) specialized application techniques, and 3) a methodology for regular assessment and identification of bacterial burden.
To reduce infection rates in hospitals, extended care facilities and schools
by developing and applying highly effective prophylactic technologies
that inhibit the root causes of dangerous infections.
By treating these root causes, HyGenesis can help healthcare providers significantly reduce post-admission infection rates saving individual healthcare providers millions of dollars and thousands of lives while improving the overall health of the world community. In essence, HyGenesis attacks the root causes for the spread of infections as opposed to simply treating symptoms after infections have been contracted.
Current disinfection methods used by healthcare institutions have not significantly reduced the incidence of HAI due in large part to the fact that they do not have long-term inhibition characteristics. Long-term efficacy, with just a single application, is a critical element of the HyGenesis System and is a significant reason why it can replace existing disinfecting technologies with up to 30% savings.
The HyGenesis System has been developed in conjunction with assistance from renowned healthcare and medical school researchers, chemists and scientists. We are actively taking our expertise in bacterial inhibition and infection protection into healthcare (i.e. hospitals, nursing homes, extended care facilities, etc.) and schools as well as other market segments interested in improving the overall health of their communities.


In today’s fast-paced society, it’s difficult to imagine a more refined time when leisure was not only celebrated but was plentiful. This is the depiction of life in the late 1800s, especially for the wealthier citizens. Wealthy people in this era had plenty of time for leisure, and the affluent means of enjoying it. Before the time of air conditioning, these folks sought seaside resorts to escape the warmth of the cities. Campobello Island was purchased by several businessmen from New York City and Boston who desired to turn the island into a retreat and promptly built three hotels.
Brochures of the time illustrated the climate of the area – the scent of the salt in the air mingling with the scents of balsam, that immediately brought visitors to the understanding they were certainly no longer anywhere near a city. These brochures also offered boating with real Indian guides, hiking, and even promised relief to visitors suffering the symptoms of hay fever. Newspapers in both Canada and America touted the area’s natural summertime resort hospitality.
Arriving by private boat, steamships, and trains, visitors came to Campobello from all through the east of the United States, as well as from as far away as Ottawa or Montreal in Canada. President Franklin Roosevelt first came to the area with his parents. The family enjoyed the area in such greatness that they decided to purchase land. If there was no home on the land, they built one; if there was a home, they refurbished it to match the excitement of the island.
Five of these homes are still in existence today, making up the core of Roosevelt Campobello’s historical portion. The former president’s home is the centerpiece of the park, and the other four are now utilized as conference halls, guest rooms, and a dining establishment.
This international park is a mighty example of the closeness (not just in proximity) of two countries. It represents a dynamic and longstanding relationship that is only enhanced by the history shared between the two. The political, cultural, and military ties between these two countries is further enhanced by their shared power and hydro-electrical grids.
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It is one of the vegetables that people love with its green leaves.
When the artichoke is peeled, it appears as white and is left in
water and sold as such.Sold as 1, not sold by weight.
The artichokes packed with water are bagged in water so that
they do not turn black.You can grate it on salads and consume
it.Artichoke seedlings are also called head artichokes.
Artichoke, which is one of the delicacies that comes from the
field and is cut with its stems, has always been consumed by people.
- It’s a medicine for the liver
- liver regenerates
- clears bad cholesterol
- nourishes blood cells
- gives strength to the body
- clears intestinal inflammation
- prevents breast cancer
- energizes the human body
- cleans blood and relaxes circulation
- iron vitamin
- prevents cirrhosis
- nourishes the brain
- prevents forgetfulness
- increases intelligence
- makes you weak and fit
- expels toxic gases from the body
- regulates high blood pressure
- prevents colon cancer
- expels urine
- protects teeth
Artichoke, which is one of the vegetables that people cook and consume
once or twice a week. Artichoke has been one of the vegetables that
have the ability to meet the energy and iron needs of the body.People
who consume artichokes have always updated themselves.now it has
become the vegetable that everyone knows and cooks
Those who are not afraid of consuming artichokes become like iron.


Mohammad Fadel writes: On February 11, 2011, after eighteen days of protests, Hosni Mubarak resigned as President of Egypt. Now, three years later, the Egyptian security state appears to have re-established political control of the country.
Why did the democratic transition fail? Answers range widely. Some blame the poorly designed transition process, which made trust among different political groups unachievable. Others point to a lack of leadership within Egypt’s political organizations, particularly the Muslim Brotherhood. Still others focus on a devastating economic crisis that post-Mubarak governments could never address given the political divisions within the country.
These explanations are plausible and not mutually exclusive. But they all miss something important. The January 25 Revolution was also a striking failure of political theory. More precisely, it was a failure of the theories embraced by the most idealistic revolutionaries. Their demands were too pure; they refused to accord any legitimacy to a flawed transition—and what transition is not flawed?—that could only yield a flawed democracy. They made strategic mistakes because they did not pay enough attention to Egypt’s institutional, economic, political, and social circumstances. These idealists generally were politically liberal. But the problem does not lie in liberalism itself. The problem lies in a faulty understanding of the implications of political liberalism in the Egyptian context—an insufficient appreciation of factors that limited what could reasonably be achieved in the short term. A more sophisticated liberalism would have accounted for these realities. [Continue reading…]


Anthropology of Education
- Subjects /
- Anthropology and Archaeology /
- Anthropology of Education
The Gift of Education
Tells the story of how two philanthropists promised each of the 112 graduating sixth graders at Belmont Elementary, a school in one of Philadelphia’s poorest neighborhoods, a fully paid college education to the institution of their choice.
Legal Rights, Local Wrongs
Shows how education reforms take place within cauldrons of political interests and conflicting values and beliefs.
Listening to Urban Kids
Independent researchers interview urban middle school students to get their impressions of the teachers that help them to succeed in schools.
Canal Town Youth
A poignant study of how a group of poor white urban youth find respite from poverty, violence, and racism in a local community center.
Teachers and Educational Change
Presents powerful lessons about the realities of school reform by portraying the experiences of five teachers involved in a restructuring initiative.
A fascinating ethnographic study of a high school in Toronto, with surprising insights into how these adolescents identify themselves in terms of race, gender, ethnicity, and sexuality.
The Cultural Production of the Educated Person
Examines the ways in which cultural practices and knowledges are produced in and out of schools around the world.
Critical Pedagogy, the State, and Cultural Struggle
Schools have been traditionally defined as institutions of instruction, but the authors of this volume challenge that position in order to generate a new set of cultural categories and constructs through ...


Neighbors were appalled when Signora Reffoli gave birth to quadruplets in 1902—not only because the woman was rumored to be a witch, but because her children had skeletal faces and bodies.
The remote Italian village of Túfaschiagna had a long history of strange happenings, including mass hallucinations, well water turning strange colors, and at least two olive trees bursting into flames.
While no one could explain how Signora Reffoli conceived, she raised the children in her stone hovel at the edge of the village. Several noted biologists arrived from the University of Milan to study the children. They discovered that the siblings “communicated through a complex system of deep-throated sounds, like the ribbit of large frogs.” None of the children had eyes, but they would play a game by stuffing their sockets with soil, stones, and grass.
The researchers returned two months later to find that Signora Reffoli and the children were gone, and their house had been torn down. “None spoke of their disappearance, or they claimed to know nothing, yet all the while exchanged anxious glances with each other, as if guarding a terrible secret,” wrote one Dr. Bernardino in his notebook.
To this day, visitors claim to hear a chorus of frogs at night, even in the dead of winter.


Cockroaches are primitive insects that help recycling dead plant material outdoors. However the few species that infest our homes and businesses give all cockroaches a bad reputation. There are almost 70 kinds of cockroaches in the United States; but only six or so are considered pests of homes and businesses.
Fortunately, with the development of effective baits and safer sprays and dusts, cockroaches are not as difficult to control as they once were. However, these insects continue to be a problem in many households, where they can spread disease and produce allergens that can lead to asthma, especially in children. No one should have to live in a home with cockroaches. The following fact sheets provide useful information for controlling cockroaches.
- Cockroaches: Biology and Management (ENTO-037) Everything a homeowner needs to know about cockroaches and the safest methods of control.
- School IPM Action Plan for German Cockroaches (2013) Provides and Integrated Pest Management approach for German cockroach control in schools and other institutional buildings.
- School IPM Action Plan for Outdoor cockroaches (2013) Large, outdoor- and indoor-dwelling cockroaches require different measures from the common German cockroach. This page provides an IPM approach to managing these pests in schools and other institutional buildings.
- Ensign wasps: Parasites of the American cockroach. This news update tells about one insect that cockroach should fear.


What Do You Know About Lynch Syndrome?
Changes in BRCA genes aren't the only mutations associated with hereditary cancer.
Inherited mutations in the MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and certain mutations in the EPCAM gene are associated with Lynch Syndrome, hereditary non-polyposis collectoral cancer (HNPCC).
Today is Lynch Syndrome Awareness Day. Did you know that:
Lynch Syndrome is the most common cause of hereditary colon cancer and also raises the risk for several other types of cancers. CDC
One in 279 people have Lynch Syndrome but 95 percent do not know it. Alivenkickin.org (An advocacy organization for people with Lynch Syndrome)
People with Lynch Syndrome are more likely to get colorectal cancer and other cancers, and at a younger age (before 50), including uterine (endometrial), stomach, liver, kidney, brain, and certain types of skin cancers depending which mutations they carry. CDC
Lynch Syndrome causes about 4,000 colorectal cancers and 1,800 uterine cancers per year. CDC
See the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for people with Lynch Syndrome.
Like people with inherited BRCA mutations, people with Lynch Syndrome can get more frequent screenings to detect cancer early. Doctors recommend women with Lynch Syndrome, like women with BRCA and other inherited mutations that can increase the risk of uterine or ovarian cancers, to consider having their uterus and/or ovaries removed after they are done having children or around age 35.
I had a hysterectomy and had my ovaries removed after discovering that I carry a BRCA2 mutation. I hope my book, Probably Someday Cancer, can help others facing these types of agonizing decisions. Order a copy at Amazon for $13.95 hardcover or $13.29 Kindle.


Sugar-sweetened beverages, including soft drinks or sodas, fruit-flavored drinks, sports drinks, and energy drinks, are the largest source of added sugar in the US diet. In a new study published in the American Journal of Public Health, researchers found sugar-sweetened soda consumption was associated with shorter telomeres. This may be significant because shorter telomeres are associated with shorter lives. Accumulated data support the notion that the loss of telomeres contributes to human aging. Inside our cells, our genes are arranged along molecules of DNA called chromosomes. At the ends of the chromosomes are stretches of DNA called telomeres, which protect our genetic data and make it possible for cells to divide. “Telomeres have been compared with the plastic tips on shoelaces, because they keep chromosome ends from fraying and sticking to each other, which would destroy or scramble an organism’s genetic information. Yet, each time a cell divides, the telomeres get shorter. When they get too short, the cell can no longer divide; it becomes inactive or “senescent” or it dies. This shortening process is associated with aging, cancer, and a higher risk of death. So telomeres also have been compared with a bomb fuse.”
Bottom line: There is sufﬁcient evidence to limit our consumption of all sugar sweetened beverages to improve cardiometabolic risk factors, reduce chronic disease risk, and improve overall health.


Together is a new resource for anyone affected by pediatric cancer - patients and their parents, family members, and friends.Learn More
An incentive spirometer is a device that helps you learn to take slow, deep breaths and fill your lungs with air. It is used after surgery or a procedure to keep your lungs healthy during your hospital stay and after you leave the hospital. Taking deep breaths will exercise your lungs to help prevent pneumonia.
You need to use your incentive spirometer at least 8 times a day. Each time you use the incentive spirometer, you should try to breathe through it 10 times. We recommend that you use the incentive spirometer every hour while you are awake. Of course, if you want to use it more often that is OK. The more you do this breathing exercise the healthier your lungs will be.
The incentive spirometer will help you see how well you are doing with taking deep breaths. It helps open the air sacs in your lungs and may reduce future problems.
Using the incentive spirometer should help you:
If you start to feel lightheaded or dizzy, slow down your breathing, and take a longer time for the exercises with normal breaths between the deep breaths.
If you find that you can breathe in deeper than the number set for you, move the yellow slide up and proudly show that you have improved.
To learn more about using the incentive spirometer or about taking care of your lungs, talk to your doctor, nurse, or respiratory therapist.
Reviewed: October 2022


eastern towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)
CONFIRMATION STATUS: Confirmed.
Length: 7.25? inches
Red eye (white in southeastern birds)
Buffy undertail coverts
White primary bases and tertial edges
Long tail with white outer tail feathers
Male has black head, back, wings and tail-brown in female
Juvenile (summer) heavily streaked, brown above and buffy below
Frequently feeds on the ground where it noisily scratches for food
Formerly conspecific with spotted towhee
The eastern towhee is similar to the spotted towhee but lacks wing
bars and white spots on the back.
Migration Status: Short distance migrant
Breeding Habitat: Successional-scrub
Nest Location: Ground-low nesting
Nest Type: Open-cup
Clutch Size: 3-5
Length of Incubation: 12-13? days
Days to Fledge: 10-12
Number of Broods: 2, occasionally 3 in south
Diet: Mostly nuts, seeds fruit; lesser quantities of insects
SKY MEADOWS DISTRIBUTION/SEASONAL OCCURRENCE
Relative abundance and seasonal occurrence are indicated in red below.
C - Common: Likely to be present in good numbers in appropriate habitat and season.
U - Uncommon: May be present in appropriate habitat and season, often in low
O - Occassional: Found in appropriate habitat perhaps only a few times per season,
sometimes low numbers.
R - Rare: May not be recorded every year.
Acc - Accidental: Recorded once or twice, may not be expected again for a long time.
Sp - Spring: March, April, May C
Su - Summer: June, July, August C
Fall: September, October, November C
Winter: December, January, February U
Calendar of Events
Sky Meadows Park
Crooked Run Valley


COMPUTER NETWORKS, vol.54, no.6, pp.881-900, 2010 (SCI-Expanded)
The developments in the communication and networking technologies have yielded many existing and envisioned information network architectures such as cognitive radio networks, sensor and actor networks, quantum communication networks, terrestrial next generation Internet, and InterPlaNetary Internet. However, there exist many common significant challenges to be addressed for the practical realization of these current and envisioned networking paradigms such as the increased complexity with large scale networks, their dynamic nature, resource constraints, heterogeneous architectures, absence or impracticality of centralized control and infrastructure, need for survivability, and unattended resolution of potential failures. These challenges have been successfully dealt with by Nature, which, as a result of millions of years of evolution, have yielded many biological systems and processes with intrinsic appealing characteristics such as adaptivity to varying environmental conditions, inherent resiliency to failures and damages, successful and collaborative operation on the basis of a limited set of rules and with global intelligence which is larger than superposition of individuals, self-organization, survivability, and evolvability. Inspired by these characteristics, many researchers are currently engaged in developing innovative design paradigms to address the networking challenges of existing and envisioned information systems. In this paper, the current state-of-the-art in bio-inspired networking is captured. The existing bio-inspired networking and communication protocols and algorithms devised by looking at biology as a source of inspiration, and by mimicking the laws and dynamics governing these systems are presented along with open research issues for the bio-inspired networking. Furthermore, the domain of bio-inspired networking is linked to the emerging research domain of nanonetworks, which bring a set of unique challenges. The objective of this survey is to provide better understanding of the potentials for bio-inspired networking which is currently far from being fully recognized, and to motivate the research community to further explore this timely and exciting topic. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Artificial Sweeteners… Are they safe?
Artificial sweeteners have been around for many years and are commonly used in products to make them sweet without the calories. What exactly are artificial sweeteners? They are a chemically processed sugar substitute, also known as non-nutritive, non-caloric or high intensity sweeteners. These sweeteners can be hundreds or even thousands of times sweeter than table sugar. Artificial sweeteners do not raise blood sugar levels because they are not carbohydrates. Therefore, they are a good alternative to sugar for someone with diabetes. As previously mentioned, artificial sweeteners do not provide calories, therefore they are commonly used for weight loss. These sweeteners can be found everywhere including soft drinks, gum, yogurt, ice cream, baked goods, and cereals.
The question on everyone’s mind, “Are they safe to eat?” Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration began its approval system in 1958, the FDA has been testing sugar substitutes for their safety. Anytime a company wants to put an artificial sweetener in their product, they have to get permission from the FDA. The FDA reviews all of the scientific research provided and determines the safety by conducting studies typically on mice and rats. Since there are so many different studies that have been done using different test subjects, with different amounts of artificial sweetener, the results have varied and left most people confused.
Currently, the National Cancer Institute states there is not clear scientific evidence that any artificial sweetener approved in the U.S. causes cancer, therefore they are recognized as safe. However, the FDA does set Acceptable Daily Intakes, so moderation is key. Can artificial sweeteners be used in a safe and healthy way? Yes, just don’t overdo it.


NASA to Use High-Altitude Facilities in Hawaii, California for LCRD Initiative
NASA is set to test laser-based data transfer capabilities during the Laser Communications Relay Demonstration activity in the fall. Key components of the tech testing are two ground-based facilities at two separate locations on Earth.
The LCRD mission will involve two Optical Ground Stations: one in Table Mountain, California, and another in Haleakala, Hawaii. NASA chose the locations due to their high altitude and clear weather conditions. Laser-based data transfer requires minimal obstructions to be able to send information seamlessly. Clouds, turbulence and atmospheric disturbances can affect laser signals as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory said.
Ron Miller, a former development lead for OGS-2 in Hawaii, said the two sites are located about 10,000 feet above the ground. The altitude means that most of the dust, clouds and other obstructions are below the facilities.
The space agency’s engineers also chose the two locations due to the weather pattern. When the OGS-1 site in California is experiencing cloudy weather, the Hawaii facility tends to be clear, and the same complementary effect happens when OGS-2 weather conditions are not ideal.
In addition to the location selection, NASA equipped the OGS with adaptive optics systems. Tom Roberts, manager of OGS-1 development and operations at NASA JPL, said the solution uses a sensor to determine distortions to the electromagnetic signal coming down from a spacecraft. Scientists can then use the data to improve signal delivery.
The LCRD mission will use the Department of Defense’s Space Test Program Satellite-6 payload to transmit laser and radiofrequency signals to ground stations. The payload is expected to be launched no earlier than Nov. 22.
Tags: Jet Propulsion Laboratory laser communications Laser Communications Relay Demonstration NASA Optical Ground Station Ron Miller space Tom Roberts


Renowned Egyptologist Zahi Hawass received famous football star Ruud Gullit before Sphinx, alongside Dr. Ashraf Sobhy, the minister of Youth and Sports, and Ahmed Hossam.
Hawass told Gullit: “The statue of the Sphinx belongs to King Khafre, the founder of the second pyramid.
He added that those allegations that claim the existence of a lost city under the Sphinx are baseless and don’t have any scientific evidence.
Dr. Hawass added that there are photos of the excavation that was made, which shows that the Great Sphinx is a deaf rock, with no paths below.
The famed archaeologist added that the most important discovery in the 21st century is the discovery of the Wadi al-Jarf Papyrus, which unveils many secrets about the construction of the Khufu pyramid.
He noted the archaeological discoveries carried out by the Ministry of Antiquities greatly promote Egyptian tourism in all countries of the world.
Hawass confirmed that there are three tunnels around the Sphinx, the first of which, exists above the back of the statue and was discovered in 1937 by the French engineer Bering who was searching for treasures inside the body of the statue.
While the second tunnel was found at the north side of the statue before it was drowned by French Egyptologist Gupino. It was believed that the tunnel was full of treasures and monuments.
The third tunnel exists behind “The Dream Portrait” and was discovered by the Italian adventurer Kavliain in the early 19th century when he was digging under the chest of Sphinx.
Contributed by: Rana Atef


Connectivity: Wireless & Wired
All the key topics associated with connectivity including mobile telecommunications: 2G; 3G; 4G; 5G; Wi-Fi; Bluetooth; IoT communications, Ethernet, USB, . . . everything you need to know.
Connectivity in both wired and wireless forms is part of everyday life. From wired and fibre broadband to mobile communications - 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and many other wireless technologies through to standards like Ethernet, USB and many others. Wi-Fi is particularly important as demonstrated by the number of Wi-Fi routers, Wi-Fi repeaters and the like that are available for sale.
Mobile phones / cellular telecommunications
Mobile phone or cellphone technology has been with us for well over 40 years and it has now become an essential part of everyday life
Fortunately, the same standards are now used around the world and this enables aspects like roaming, as well as the economies of scale to be gained
However in the early days of mobile communications technology, this was not the case. However as 2G progressed to 3G and then 4G, 5G and then 6G, the standards ahve developed to provide ever greater speeds and ever more capabilities, although one of the main challenges is to provide good coverage and not have calls continually dropping out when on the move.
This addresses a variety of topics associated with wireless conenctivity. Everything from Wi-Fi, Wi-FI routers and repeaters, etc through to other forms of wireless conenctivity including Bluetooth, LoRa, NFC and many more. With the technology for Smart homes and cities becoming more commonplace, these technologies are being used increasingly.
Although wireless technologies like Wi-Fi are widely used, wired connectivity is important. Ethernet is once such example as it is used for many computer conenctions. Items like Ethernet cables and many more can be found, although with other wired connectivity areas like USB, serial communications and networking solutions like NFV and SDN.


Planetary Defense is a Public Good
Today is Asteroid Day, the anniversary of the largest asteroid impact in recent history, the June 30, 1908 Siberian Tunguska asteroid strike. The Tunguska asteroid was only about 40 meters in size but the impact was 1000 times more powerful than the Hiroshima nuclear bomb.
Large asteroid strikes are low-probability, high-death events–so high-death that by some estimates the probability of dying from an asteroid strike is on the same order as dying in an airplane crash. To mark asteroid day, events around the world, including here at the observatory at George Mason University, will discuss asteroids and how we can protect our civilization.
Tyler and I are signatories to the 100X Declaration which reads in part:
There are a million asteroids in our solar system that have the potential to strike Earth and destroy a city, yet we have discovered less than 10,000….
Therefore, we, the undersigned, call for…A rapid hundred-fold acceleration of the discovery and tracking of Near-Earth Asteroids to 100,000 per year within the next ten years.
I am also a contributor to an Indiegogo campaign to develop a planetary defense system–yes, seriously! I don’t expect the campaign to succeed because, as our principles of economics textbook explains, too many people will try to free ride. But perhaps the campaign will generate some needed attention. In the meantime, check out this video on public goods and asteroid defense from our MRU course (as always the videos are free for anyone to use in the classroom.)
By the way, can you identify the easter egg to growing up in the 1980s?


The study of VDR, or vascular DNA repair, has helped scientists learn how the gene regulates cuboid growth. The structure of VDR is highly conserved in mouse and human cells, and its communication find out this here considering the ligand is extremely mechanistic. This finding gives confidence that nature have not designed another solution protein to carry out the same function. It includes led to a better understanding of a persons syndrome of hereditary capacity 1, 25(OH)2D3.
The picky presence of VDR is definitely consistent with its ability to antagonize transcription elements. The ligand-binding website of VDR inhibits IL-2 by dimerizing with RXR. This is identical to the way in which VDR regulates IL-2 and GM-CSF transcription. Additionally, Moras tout autant que al. possess defined the structure belonging to the VDR/RXR heterodimer, which will likely result in future research that will identify the overall strength organization of these complexes.
Moreover to its ability to regulate IL-2 amounts, VDR as well regulates the activity of P cells by simply outcompeting NFAT1 and downregulating its reflection. The account activation of VDR creates adverse feedback loops that regulate the activity of this gene. For example , the expression of 1, 25(OH)2D3 synthesizing and degrading enzyme CYP24A1 is activated in T cells with activated VDR.
Other areas of vitamin D function involve the VDR. In addition to its position in bone development and metabolism, VDRs have been implicated in mediating vitamin D’s effects upon intestinal calcium supplements absorption, bone tissue tissue repair, and cell office. Vitamin D has also been shown to put in anti-tumor homes, despite the fact that their ligands are unknown. Nevertheless , the study of the vitamin D metabolite VDR is a crucial step in understanding how it influences bone wellness.


Ordsnille is a word game and the Swedish version of the popular word game Wordle!!. It is designed for those who enjoy playing Wordle!! and have an interest in the Swedish language. Here's more information about Ordsnille:
- The objective of Ordsnille is to guess a 5-letter word within six attempts.
- Each guess you make must be a valid Swedish word consisting of exactly five characters.
- After submitting a guess, you will receive boxes of bright green, yellow, or gray characters as feedback.
- The green boxes represent the correct letters in the correct positions.
- The yellow boxes indicate correct letters but in the wrong positions.
- The gray boxes represent incorrect letters.
- Use this feedback to deduce the correct word and refine your subsequent guesses.
Tips for Success:
- Start with common letters: Begin by guessing words that contain frequently used letters in the Swedish language, such as vowels (A, E, I, O, U) and common consonants.
- Analyze the color feedback: Carefully study the green, yellow, and gray boxes you receive after each guess. Use this feedback to narrow down the possibilities and eliminate incorrect letters and positions.
- Deductive reasoning: Apply deductive reasoning to refine your guesses based on the feedback received. Consider the placement of correct letters and use process of elimination to identify the correct word.
- Use your Swedish language knowledge: Utilize your knowledge of the Swedish language and common word patterns to make educated guesses and increase your chances of success.
- Practice and persistence: Like any word game, practice and persistence are key to improving your skills. The more you play Ordsnille, the more familiar you'll become with Swedish words and the better you'll get at solving the challenges.
Enjoy playing Ordsnille and have fun expanding your Swedish vocabulary and language skills!
How to play Ordsnille
- Guess the word in 6 tries: You have a maximum of six attempts to guess the hidden word correctly.
- Valid 5-letter words: Each guess you make must be a valid Swedish word consisting of exactly five characters.
- Color feedback: Pay attention to the green, yellow, and gray boxes you receive after each guess. They provide valuable clues to help you determine the correct word.


Reading is at the heart of all learning.
A child must learn to read so that they may read to learn.
And yet so many children living in Oakland’s lowest-income neighborhoods cannot read, or are significantly behind their expected grade level. Developed in 2009, Succeeding by Reading utilizes Science of Reading principles to build foundational literacy skills. Second and third-grade Children in Succeeding by Reading receive one-on-one literacy tutoring that combines a caring relationship with a personalized learning strategy. Each child referred to the program is paired with a dedicated volunteer tutor for the entire academic year. A meaningful, caring relationship between the tutor and child almost always develops. This is essential to the overall experience and promotes learning and critical social-emotional development.
I can help a student reach their potential
You can empower a student to reach grade-level reading… we’ll help you do it.
Reading Clinics offer one-on-one weekly tutoring to second and third-graders who have fallen behind in their reading skills. Students are referred to us by school staff and we assess them to determine their reading skill level. In consultation with the teacher, we develop a customized program that includes practice with phonics, sight words and leveled reading fluency. In reading clinics that occur during school hours, tutors use a variety of teaching tools and games to accommodate different learning styles and reinforce skills. At the end of the school year, we re-assess the students to determine their progress.
Volunteer tutors receive initial training as well as periodic refresher training opportunities during the year. In addition, experienced tutor coordinators at each clinic provide ongoing in-service support for tutors working with individual students.


Understanding the structure of functions
Except for simple functions such as + or *, all functions have a similar structure. If you use the right tool for entering a function, you can escape learning this structure, but it is still worth knowing for troubleshooting.
To give a typical example, the structure of a function to find cells that match entered search criteria is:
= DCOUNT (Database;Database field;Search_criteria)
Like most functions, this one starts with an equal sign. It is followed by DCOUNT, the name of the function. After the name of the function comes its arguments. All arguments are required, unless specifically listed as optional.
Arguments are added within the brackets (parentheses) and separated by semicolons, with no space between the arguments and the semicolons. Many arguments are a number. A Calc function can take up to thirty numbers as an argument. That may not sound like much at first. However, when you realize that the number can be not only a number or a single cell, but also an array or range of cells that contain several or even hundreds of cells, then the apparent limitation vanishes.
Other arguments may be a column label, a mathematical constant, or a value unique to that function.
Depending on the function, arguments may have to be entered with straight quotation marks. However, this requirement is not consistent. Otherwise similar formulas may differ only in this requirement, and no simple rule tells you which is which. You simply have to know or check the requirements in the online help.
The only exception to these structural rules are basic arithmetical functions entered with symbols. For example, instead of entering =SUM(2;3), you can enter =2+3.


I always wanted to develop speech recognizing applications, but the problem was, the commercial uses for such software has been less than dismal.
Anyway, Microsoft has released a "Windows Vista Speech Recognition Step by Step Guide". In which, Microsoft has detailed such things as how to;
Create, dictate, and save a document
- Say "Start Listening."
- Say "Open WordPad."
- Say "This is a test of speech recognition period." Note:Remember to pronounce punctuation.
- To correct mistakes, say "correct" and the word that the computer typed by mistake, and then pick the correct word from the list offered by Speech Recognition, repeat the correct word again. For example, if the computer misrecognized "speech" as "peach," say "correct peach," and then choose the right word from the list, or say the word "speech" again.
- To save the document, say "File", then say "Save As."
- Say "Test document."
- Say "Save."
Nice, real deal sci-fi!
Check it out here, http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsvista/aa905128.aspx.
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Octopus-Inspired Robot Wants To Perform Your Next Surgery
It's practicing on water balloons, so don't worry
Doing surgery on some of the body’s softest tissues is like shaving a balloon without popping it: the task requires delicate movements of sharp tools. The challenge is even bigger when it’s a robot doing surgery–it can wield the tools just fine, but it runs the risk of injuring surrounding tissues, especially if organs need to be shifted or lifted in order for the tools to gain access. Moldable materials that can stiffen selectively, such as elephant trunks and snakes, could be useful for moving soft tissues and organs for less invasive procedures such as laparoscopies. With that line of thinking, a team of Italian robotics experts has built a surgical robot inspired by octopus tentacles, according to a study published today in Bioinspiration and Biomimetics.
The tool is made of three connected cylindrical chambers. Imagine the tube of a vacuum cleaner–each cylinder is hollow in the center, but the tube itself is made out of a flexible membrane filled with granules. Air can flow through the hollow chamber at the center and change its shape, and it can also be sucked out of the granule-filled membrane to stiffen it–a physical process called jamming.
In the study, the researchers tested the tool’s capabilities by having them manipulate water-filled balloons to mimic organs. The octo-arms could bend to 255 degrees and stretch up to 62 percent of their original length, deftly navigating the squishy balloons.
The findings could lead to more sophisticated surgical tools that could be operated remotely. “Traditional surgical tasks often require the use of multiple specialized instruments such as graspers, retractors, vision systems and dissectors, to carry out a single procedure,” said Tommaso Ranzani, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard and one of the study authors, in a statement. “We believe our device is the first step to creating an instrument that is able to perform all of these tasks, as well as reach remote areas of the body and safely support organs around the target site.”


What to check for when water is found in your aeration line and pads.May 14, 2018
Aeration pads operate at 10 psi and are designed to aerate or fluff the cement for flow. The air needs to be dry and clear of any oils or lubricants. Early plants used the plant air compressor (95 psi) for the air supply to the aeration pads via regulators to reduce the air pressure to 8-12 psi. Plant air compressors incorporate an electric pump and pressure tank to supply the plant air needs. Compressed air generates pressure and heat, that has moisture, that in turns can condense overnight when the plant is not in operation. The condensation in the tank can collect enough to produce moisture/water in the tank. The water in the tank can cause corrosion in the solenoid valves and plugging of the cement aeration pads/nozzles. Draining the air compressor each night and leaving the petcock valve open will help eliminate this problem. Water traps should also be standard items on any concrete batch plant pneumatic system.
Modern Concrete Batch Plants include dedicated aeration blowers for the cement aeration pads and air slides. These blowers are low pressure (15 psi) , high volume (150 CFM). Typical Blowers are 5HP and 7 HP. A typical assembly drawing incorporates a 2" pipe manifold with individual air lines ot each aeration pad.


Total Hip Replacement: Facts and Procedure
3 years ago
Total hip replacement (THR) is a therapy for the degenerative hip disease, also known as osteoarthritis or degenerative arthritis. THR is one of orthopedic surgery’s most effective and popular surgical procedures. Besides reducing pain and improving sleep, most individuals regain a variety of physical movement.
What basically happens to hip joint: Hip Joint is basically a ball and socket joint covered by cartilage. When wear and tear of this cartilage occur due to inflammation or infection, loss of hip joint makes a person unable to walk. After total hip replacement surgery, orthopaedician replace this ball and socket joint so that a person can walk and sit without pain.
Before undergoing the Total Hip Replacement, a patient must know the various risk factors that are associated with it:
- Infection from the prosthetic components is very rare. But if this happens, then by doing further surgery and antibiotics it can be cured of.
- A Blood transfusion may require as in any surgery, one can experience bleeding both during and after the procedure.
- The new part that has been added may not move as your normal one thus patient should be cautious while walking and sitting to prevent any dislocation.
The total hip replacement surgery involves the following steps:
- First of all, anesthesia will be given, general and regional to numb you down below the waist and keep you unconscious.
- Your hip joint will be exposed and the ball will be dislocated from the socket by the surgeon.
- The physician removes the femur’s head (thighbone) and removes the socket’s surface
- A prosthetic cup (socket) made of polyethylene is secured by the doctor.
- Then the surgeon secures a metalhead (ball) and stems either with a press-fit or bone cement into the femur.
- The doctor puts the ball in the cup and takes your fresh hip through a variety of movement to guarantee adequate stability and mobility.
- Your incision is closed by the surgeon and you are taken to the recovery room.
- After the surgery, Physiotherapy will be started from the next day to secure the mobility of new hip replacement. This therapy continues at home and may last for weeks to months after your surgery.
- Call the doctor/ortho surgeon if you face any pain in calf, thigh, and hip or develops a fever or infection.


Weight loss is basically about numbers. In a given day, to lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you take in. Over the course of weeks, this daily caloric deficit adds up into pounds lost. A calorie is simply a unit of energy. If you eat less food than you need, your body will burn body fat to supply the energy. The American Council on Exercise, a non-profit fitness watchdog group, provides caloric equations to convert pounds into calories burned.
Use the equation that one pound equals 3,500 calories. To lose one pound of body weight, you need to burn an extra 3,500 calories.
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Convert grams of carbohydrates into calories. One gram of carbohydrate equals four calories.
Calculate how many carbohydrates equals one pound of weight loss. Divide 3,500 by four. One pound is equal to 875 grams of carbohydrates.
Use these numbers to aid in your weight loss plan. You can burn an extra 3,500 calories per week through exercise and eating less food. This would result in one pound of weight loss per week. Cut your carbohydrate intake by about 400 grams per week or 60 grams per day. This would account for half of the 3,500 caloric deficiency you are trying to create. Use exercise to burn off the other half over the course of the week.


Over the past two weeks, classes from Pre-primary to Year 6 have experienced an amazing ‘out of this planet’ experience. As part of our upcoming Science/STEAM week celebrations, Scitech have come to the school and run a mini planetarium and problem solving workshop for each classroom.
With this year’s Science week theme being the Moon, in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the first moon landing, students were treated to an immersive and interactive experience under the ‘spacedome’. Learning about our planet’s solar system, and branching out into the universe, each class experienced a very informative and visual experience, hosted by the friendly and knowledgeable Scitech staff.
Once each class had experienced the ‘dome’, they were presented with some more ‘Earthly’ challenges in the library, where in teams, they had to design solutions following the STEAM process to some real-life inspired problems.
Whether it was designing soft-landing systems for flying craft, or creating structures that would withstand vicious storms, our students were praised by the staff for applying their great prior knowledge and experience when put in these problem solving positions.
Thank you to the great Scitech staff for the wonderful experience when presenting this opportunity to our students. It was the perfect lead-in to our exciting Science week activities!


La Neuville British Cemetery, Corbie
- Country France
- Total identified casualties 892 Find these casualties
- Region Somme
- Identified casualties from First World War
- GPS Coordinates Latitude: 49.91094, Longitude: 2.48173
Wild boars have damaged the entrance to the cemetery.
To prevent them from entering the cemetery, a temporary closure system has been put in place by our staff. However, the cemetery remains accessible to the public.
Please move the pallet and replace it at the exit.
We apologise for any inconvenience caused.
Corbie is a village 15 kilometres south-west of Albert and approximately 23 kilometres due east of Amiens. La Neuville British Cemetery is west of the village on the south side of the road from La Neuville to Daours.
For your information, vehicular access to this Cemetery is via a rough track with limited parking and turning space, thereafter it is a walk of 300m to the Cemetery entrance. The track is regularly used by large agricultural machinery and lorries. Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience caused.
In April 1916, No.21 Casualty Clearing Station came to La Neuville and remained there throughout the 1916 Battles of the Somme, until March 1917. La Neuville British Cemetery was opened early in July 1916. Most of the burials date from this period, but a few graves were added during the fighting on the Somme in 1918. Neuville British Cemetery contains 866 Commonwealth burials of the First World War. There are also 27 German war graves. The cemetery was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens.


Oct. 27: Religion’s role in WWII espionage discussed
PULLMAN, Wash. – Recruitment of religious spies during World War II helped shape the U.S. intelligence network and create the modern American security state, according to a Washington State University scholar.
In the explicit use of religion and religious activists, U.S. leaders “laid the foundations for the rise of the CIA, the Cold War-era crusade against ‘godless communism’ and George W. Bush’s ‘war on terror,’” said history professor Matt Sutton (https://history.wsu.edu/faculty/matthew-a-sutton/).
He will present a free, public talk, “FDR’s Army of Faith: Religion and American Espionage in World War II,” at 5:30 p.m. Tuesday, Oct. 27, in Goertzen 21, followed by a reception.
In telling the story, Sutton will draw on archival materials that reveal the significant roles of religious people in WWII espionage. They include a German priest who longed to be a secret agent, a future CIA director who aggressively recruited religious activists for covert operations and a fundamentalist Christian missionary-turned-spy.
Co-hosts are the WSU Humanities Fellow Lecture Series and the Honors College Distinguished Lecture Series.
Sutton is one of three WSU Humanities Fellows for 2015-16 selected by the Humanities Planning Group. The group proposes a Center for the Humanities at WSU to make the humanities accessible and to underscore their importance in society.
Annual fellows receive $12,500 to pursue research and external funding. The deadline for applications for 2017-18 Humanities Fellows is Nov. 13. Learn more at https://hub.wsu.edu/hpg/.
Debbie Brudie, WSU Humanities Planning Group, 509-335-0698, firstname.lastname@example.org


CHASM is a physically based combined soil hydrology-slope stability model that allows simulation of changes in pore water pressures in response to individual rainfall events, and considers their role in maintaining slope stability.
The procedure adopted to model the slope hydrology is a forward explicit finite difference scheme, in which the slope is divided into a series of rectangular columns, each subdivided into regular cells. The model simulates detention storage, infiltration, evaporation, and unsaturated and saturated flow regimes. More specifically, rainfall is allowed to infiltrate the top cells governed by the infiltration capacity. Unsaturated vertical flow through each column is computed using the Richards’ equation (Richards, 1931), solved in explicit form, with the unsaturated conductivity defined by the Millington Quirk (1959) procedure. Flow between columns is modelled using the Darcy equation (Darcy, 1856) for saturated flow, adopting the Dupuit-Forscheimer (Forscheimer, 1930) assumption for the bottom boundary condition. Within the integrated model structure, the hydrology scheme also facilitates the representation of slope plan curvature (convexity and concavity), thereby allowing investigation into different topographic scenarios. This effect is represented by variable column breadth with downslope fluxes being enhanced due to slope plan convergence (reducing the downslope column breadth) or reduced due to slope plan divergence (increasing the downslope column breadth). The comprehensive integration of the unsaturated and saturated flow regimes allows determination of the pressure head field within the slope material, and subsequent input into the Bishop’s simplified circular method (Bishop, 1955) slope stability analysis.


Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) is a prostrate annual clover well-suited to true
dryland environments where white clover struggles to persist.
Bindoon was bred to replace traditional sub clover varieties and is recognised for its cool season productivity, high seed production and dense seedling regeneration.
Bindoon sub clover displays a very prostrate growth habit and produces a low, dense sward. Although relatively soft-seeded, it sets sufficient seed to ensure the reliable regeneration of plant populations.
Bindoon sub clover is generally established via oversowing or drilling when soil moisture is present and before temperatures decline significantly. Fertiliser applications offer an opportunity to apply both fertiliser and sow clover seed at the same time. Consider the soil fertility of hill country blocks: soils with adequate phosphate, potassium, sulphur, molybdenum and pH (5.8-6.2) will enhance clover growth and persistence.
After sowing, there should be only light grazing until seedlings are firmly established and cannot be pulled out or trampled by grazing livestock. This is usually about six weeks after germination.
During its early stages of establishment, Bindoon should not be heavily grazed. However, once mature, the stocking rates can be increased. As with all sub clovers, grazing up to flowering will improve seed set. Once flowering begins, stocking rates should be reduced to allow for maximum seed production.
Following sowing, paddocks should be allowed to set seed about every 5-10 years to maintain a productive seed bank. Paddocks can be walked in September/October to assess sub clover populations. If patches are more than 2 m apart in a straight line, it is generally worth allowing the paddock to set seed.
When the paddock contains large areas with no sub clover, oversowing or drilling in autumn is generally required to establish a population.


I’m reading “The Set of Poe”, a 1903 short story by George Ade. The context: Mr. Waterby wanted to buy a set of Poe, but his wife didn’t like that idea and advised him not to buy. He were upset and started to think bad of his wife. In the end, she didn’t let him buy his favorite set since she had bought it already (as a Christmas present).
Such a nice story, unfortunately, I don’t understand the meaning of this paragraph:
“I was determined not to ask you for any money to pay for your own presents," Mrs. Waterby continued. “Do you know I had to save for you and the children out of my regular allowance. Why, last week I nearly starved you and you never noticed it as I was afraid you would."
Mr. Waterby’s wife said to him that she saved money to buy presents for her children and her husband. But I don’t know where did she get that money? From fixed sum for household expenses or her own money? More confusing, she said “Why, last week I nearly starved you”.
In the story, there’s no mention that the wife has a job, it only said that:
“Mr. Waterby had tried to be an indulgent husband. He took a selfish pleasure in giving, and found it more blessed than receiving. Every salary day he turned over to Mrs. Waterby a fixed sum for household expenses. He added to this an allowance for her spending money. He set aside a small amount for his personal expenses and deposited the remainder in the bank. He flattered himself that he approximated the model husband.”
Well, as far I can understand, the wife has a fixed money for household expenses, and an amount of money for her own spending. I don't know much about 1903 living condition or society. It really hard to figure out.