A recent paper by Jinyun Tang and Bill Riley that analyzed how soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is affected by temperature was highlighted in the October issue of Nature Climate Change. CO2 released from soil is one of the largest actively cycling components of the global carbon cycle and strongly affects predicted 21st century climate change. Scientists study these carbon-climate feedbacks using Earth System Models, such as DOE’s E3SM, which represent a wide variety of terrestrial ecosystem processes, including (SOM) decomposition.
This new research addresses the long-standing problem of how to estimate and interpret the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition, an important problem as the climate continues to warm. Applied over the past several decades in hundreds of studies, the traditional approach involves warming soils at different temperatures in the laboratory to increase soil respiration, and applying an assumed model structure to interpret those measurements.
Tang and Riley showed that this approach leads to very large uncertainty (termed equifinality) in inferences of SOM decomposition temperature sensitivity. They also showed that using new model structures that explicitly represent microbial processes can help reduce this uncertainty and improve interpretation of these types of experiments. Their group is working to integrate these new types of model structures into E3SM’s land model.
Riley, a senior scientist in the Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division at Berkeley Lab, said that the findings discussed in their paper for Biogeochemistry Letters could improve the ability of climate modelers to accurately predict the impacts future climate warming will have on the large amount of carbon stored globally in soil.


Hysteretic evolution of ice rises and ice rumples in response to variations in sea level
Ice rises and ice rumples are locally grounded features found in coastal Antarctica and are surrounded by otherwise freely floating ice shelves. In both cases, local highs in the bathymetry are in contact with the ice shelf from below, thereby regulating the large-scale ice flow, with implications for the upstream continental grounding line position. We investigate ice rises and ice rumples using a three-dimensional full Stokes ice flow model under idealised scenarios. The simulations span end-member basal friction scenarios of almost stagnant and fully sliding ice at the ice–bed interface. We analyse the interaction with the surrounding ice shelf by comparing the deviations between the non-local full Stokes surface velocities and the local shallow ice approximation (SIA). Deviations are generally high at the ice divides and small on the lee sides. On the stoss side, where ice rise and ice shelf have opposing flow directions, deviations can be significant. During sea level increase and decrease experiments, transitions from ice rise to ice rumple occur (and vice versa) and divide migration is more abrupt the higher the basal friction. We identify a hysteretic response of ice rises and ice rumples to changes in sea level, with grounded area being larger in a sea-level-increase scenario than in a sea-level-decrease scenario. This hysteresis shows not only irreversibility following an equal increase and subsequent decrease in sea level but also that the perturbation history is important in determining the current ice rise or ice rumple geometry.
Read more: Henry A. C. J., R. Drews, C. Schannwell and V. Višnjević, 2022. Hysteretic evolution of ice rises and ice rumples in response to variations in sea level, The Cryosphere, 16, 3889–3905, doi:10.5194/tc-16-3889-2022
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In the classic film The Graduate, Mr. McGuire (Walter Brooke) gives young Benjamin Braddock (a 30-year-old Dustin Hoffman) one word of advice: “Plastics.”
There’s a “great future” in the stuff, he says. McGuire was right. There was a great future in plastics—for plastics manufacturers, not for the rest of us.
Plastics now pervade our lives in countless ways, obvious and obscure. Even more murky is the havoc they wreak on our health. Some toxic effects are known, others are suspected, and still others may go undetected.
Ways to Reduce Plastic Exposure
While you may not be able to eliminate plastics from your life entirely, there are many ways to reduce contact.
Avoid Plastic Containers
Make purchasing decisions based on whether or not there’s plastic involved. Choose produce that’s not packaged in plastic. Buy products (such as laundry detergent) packaged in boxes instead of plastic bottles. Use reusable bags for groceries.
Use Reusable Bottles
Avoid bottled water. Use reusable water bottles, coffee cups, and travel mugs whenever possible. The EPA estimates Americans dispose of 25 billion plastic foam cups annually. That's 82 cups per person a year.
Don't Use Plastic Straws
Talk about toxic contact—lips to plastic straw is one of the worst. Straws are also among the most commonly found litter on beaches.
Avoid Plastic Cutlery
If you’re getting take-out, ask the restaurant to skip the plastic tableware or suggest they start using compostable cutlery because it’s important to you—their customer. If you’re expecting leftovers while dining out, bring your own container from home.
Wear Natural Fabrics
Every time you wear and wash your clothes, tiny bits of fabric rub off, either onto you or into your washer and down the drain into the ecosystem. Choose clothing made from natural fibers such as cotton—not plastic-based materials such as polyester.
Buy Cloth Diapers
The EPA estimates the typical child uses 8,000 diapers before being potty trained. Cloth diapers reduce your child’s exposure to plastics and help the environment.
Use Reusable Razors
Using a razor with disposable blades versus a disposable razor will reduce plastic toxicity entering your home and the environment.


The color of adamantane thione is deep purple, which makes it one of the most strikingly beautiful compounds I have had a chance to observe (I also like the rock band…). The first time I saw adamantane thione was in 1995, when Dr. Grzegorz Mloston, a visiting scientist in the Olah lab, showed me a column onto which he loaded this compound. The band’s movement was sharp and purposeful, as if the molecule was trying to assert itself and tell me that color is not always due to the presence of some aromatic donor/acceptor chromophore. Indeed, I had to do some reading in order to understand why this color was so intensely bright!
It was at about that time that I got interested in thiones. They do carry a couple of unfortunate “side effects”. First, they are not particularly stable to hydrolysis. This brings about the next challenge as these compounds are malodorous due to the hydrolyzed hydrogen sulfide, which our olfactory system can detect in exceedingly small amounts. Nonetheless, the relatively weak conjugation between carbonyl carbon and sulfur atoms enables some absolutely fascinating applications and I will talk about one of them: the Barton-Kellogg method. I saw it in action some 20 years ago and I have since considered the reaction to be a very special, albeit less widely utilized, method for making alkenes. We typically think of Wittig reaction, metathesis, eliminations, etc. However, if you want to make a “sterically challenged” alkene, few methods come close to the Barton-Kellogg process. During this reaction, a five-membered intermediate is created as a result of a dipolar cycloaddition. Triphenylphosphine then triggers the decomposition of the five-membered ring, liberating alkene, gaseous nitrogen, and sulfur.
Professor Huisgen, the father of dipolar cycloaddition reactions, is in such awe of thiones that he refers to them as superdipolarophiles. Take a look at the reference link below.


PyOrient Transactions -
This method initiates a transaction.
When you initialize a transaction through the
tx_commit() client method, the return object provides you with several methods used in controlling the transaction process. Using the
begin() method, you can initiate a transaction on this object.
Beginning a transactions effectively saves the database state. In the event that there is a problem with operations made after this point, you can revert the database back to this point using the
rollback() method. Alternatively, you can commit the changes to the database using the
For instance, say for a web application you want to create a series of new records on the database through a transaction. This ensures that, in the event that something goes wrong in the process, you can revert the database to its earlier state rather than committing an incomplete operation.
# Initialize Transaction Control Object tx = client.tx_commit() # Begin Transaction tx.begin() try: # Create Records for record in records: new = client.record_create(cluster_id, record) tx.attach(new) except: tx.rollback() # Commit Changes tx.commit()
Here, your application has an array of records stored in the
records object. It initializes a transaction object with the
tx_commit() client method, then begins the transaction with
begin(). Within a
try statement, it loops through this array, using the
record_create() method to create new records. After it creates the record, it attaches the operations to the open transaction.
In the event that there is a problem, Python executes the
except statement, which calls
rollback(), reverting the database to its earlier state. If it's able to create all the records in the array, it issues the
commit() method to commit the changes to the database.


Among the residents of the industrialised nations included in a recent study on sleeping patterns, the Dutch came out on top, averaging 8 hours and 12 minutes of sleep each night. The shortest sleepers where the Japanese and Singaporeans who spent on average, 7 hours and 24 minutes sleeping a night. Swiss spend 7 hours and 55 minutes under the covers, a little bit above the average.
While the study of 5,500 participants shows sleep time differences that might appear insignificant, every half hour of sleep can have a big impact on mental performance and long term health.
The times people go to bed and rise vary too. On average Swiss go to bed a little after 11pm and get up shortly before 7am. Spanish by contrast go to bed just before midnight and rise a bit before a quarter to eight. The earliest risers were Americans (between 6:45 and 7:00am), and the earliest to bed were Australians (between 10:45 and 11:00pm).
One of the authors of the study, Daniel Forger says, it appears that society determines when we go to bed but our internal clocks decide when we wake up. This means that if we go to bed late, we won’t get enough sleep.
Of course we need to get up to go to work or take the kids to school, but these are not the only reasons behind why we get up when we do. Our natural biological clocks play a big role, and genetics has an impact on this. Certain people naturally need less sleep, while some need to go to bed early and get up early. These things need to be taken into account says Daniel Forger.
There are other differences too. Women sleep 30 minutes longer than men, especially between the ages of 30 and 60 years old. Middle-aged men sleep the least, often less than the 7 to 8 hours recommended. And people who spend their days outdoors tend to go to bed earlier.
Another of the authors, Olivia Walch, points out that insufficient sleep can induce a state similar to being drunk, reducing mental performance and leading people to overestimate their capabilities.
Being Spanish and living in America could be dangerous.
Full 24 Heures article (in French) – Take a 5 minute French test now
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There we are… with the typical sterotypes again…


Despite Huge Challenges, We Celebrate Good Leaders on Earth Day
MADISON, Wis.— In marking Earth Day each year, there are any number of issues to focus on, from the traditional, like climate change and pollution, to those that demand more attention like racial justice. This year, we are celebrating having leaders who recognize the importance of our environment to everything we care about, and are committed to equitable and judicious care of our planet.
On his very first day in office, President Biden rejoined the Paris Climate Accord, and he is hosting a climate summit this week. His recently introduced American Jobs Plan invests heavily in the clean energy sector, creating millions of well-paying green jobs and giving the United States the chance to be a leader in what will likely be the one of the most important industries of the future. But the American Jobs Plan addresses other elements of our environment as well. As U.S. Representative Gwen Moore has spotlighted, the infrastructure package would replace lead pipes in Milwaukee and other cities across the country. Lead pipes and lead paint are huge risks to childrens’ health and with serious, negative ramifications as they become adults. Black and Brown communities have disproportionately suffered from drinking water contaminated with lead, making this an investment not just in our environment, but a much-needed racial justice effort.
On the state level, Governor Evers’ proposed budget plan also makes the necessary investments in our future through plans to clean up our environment and equip Wisconsin to combat climate change. It includes a plan to address toxic, cancer-causing chemicals in our drinking water, investments in resilient roads, wetland restoration, economic relief for farmers, and so much more.
A Better Wisconsin Together Deputy Director Mike Browne commented, “Earth Day is not just about conservation or recycling. Wisconsin is lucky to have leaders who know that climate and the environment are both urban and rural issues, racial justice issues, anti-poverty issues, healthcare issues, and so much more. Even as we face challenges ahead, we can make progress by passing the American Jobs Plan on the federal level and Governor Evers’ budget proposal here in Wisconsin.”


wurtzite boron nitride hardness
Scientists have discovered that a rare mineral called wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) is harder than diamond, making it the new title holder of the world’s hardest material. The discovery is a surprise because, while w-BN is hard enough to resist an indentation test under the force of 18% more stress than diamond, it only occurs naturally in volcanic eruptions.
This substance is so rare that scientists haven’t been able to study it in sufficient amounts or create samples that can be tested by experiment. Researchers have tried to synthesize a similar material, lonsdaleite, but this requires extremely high temperatures and pressures.
Wurtzite boron nitride is composed of atoms of boron and nitrogen, alongside carbon. It is chemically and thermally stable, and is used in a range of applications including resistance materials, antiwear additives, and heat shield materials.
Cubic boron nitride is another typical form of the metal, and shares the same crystalline structure as diamond. The boron and nitrogen atoms alternately bond. The resulting c-BN is much less stable than hexagonal boron nitride, but it is still quite strong at room temperature.
Boron nitride has several allotropes, and there are four main types: amorphous, hexagonal, cubic and wurtzite. Allotropes have a different crystal structure, and they have different properties.
Hexagonal boron nitride is the second-hardest of the allotropes, and it is made by treating hexagrams of b-BN under high pressure and temperature. It has a similar crystalline structure to diamond, but the boron and nitrogen atoms are covalently bonded in different planes, so it has very different properties than diamond.


Introduction to Ranked Choice Voting
(Based on an information from FairVote January 2017)
Ranked choice voting (RCV), sometimes known as Instant Runoff Voting, is a proven, constitutionally sound system that gives voters the freedom to rank candidates in order of choice. RCV is used in cities across the United States, and Maine adopted RCV for statewide elections in 2016. Voters in these jurisdictions can get majority winners in one election, not two. It encourages winner to reach out to more voters and not win just by winning a minority of the vote.
How Does Ranked Choice Voting Work?
RCV improves the relationship between candidates and votes.
- Promotes Fairness. Results are grounded in majority rule. This means the winner is more representative.
- Fosters Civility. RCV encourages civil elections. Candidates have more incentives to debate the issues.
- No Spoiler Effect. Voting for a candidate in third place or lower doesn’t “split the vote” for the majority.
Ranked choice voting ensures that elected leaders in special elections will be more likely to represent the interests of Hawaii voters.
How Ranked Choice Voting Could Work in Special Elections in Hawaii
Currently, special elections for U.S. House elections in Hawaii are conducted in one round, without a primary. The winner is the candidate who wins the most votes, even if that vote total is far less than half of the votes. That means a candidate can win election to federal office with less than 40% of the vote.
Using ranked choice voting in special elections for the U.S. House would start when that election is not consolidated with a regularly scheduled primary or general. With ranked choice voting, voters would rank the candidates in order of choice, from first to last. If a candidate has a majority of first choices, they win like in any election. If not, then the candidate with the fewest votes is defeated. Votes for the defeated candidate instantly count for their second choice. That repeats until a candidate wins with a majority. Until Hawaii has precinct-level voting equipment ready to get an “instant runoff” result (as done in Bay Area cities), ranked choice voting would be used in tandem with vote-by-mail elections.


Lamb’s quarters seem to have had rather limited medical application in the past, but there are some references to its uses as a medicinal herb in European and North America traditional medicine.
The plant was used traditionally as an herbal remedy for eczema, rheumatic pains, gout, colic, insect stings and bites. Also a decoction made from the herb was used to treat tooth decay.
The sap extracted from the plant stems was used to reduce freckles and treat sunburns. It has recently been confirmed that lamb’s quarters can have a positive effect on chronic wounds and that it has a mild laxative effect.
Various native North American tribes used the plant both as a food source and herbal medicine.
The Native Americans used the herb in the form of a decoction which was consumed to “improve the blood”. As a cooked vegetable the plant was used for its overall health benefits and as a preventive method for scurvy.
A decoction was used both externally for cleansing and internally for painful legs.
The leaves and stems were boiled with beans to curb stomach aches and to reduce bowel gas production caused by the beans. Furthermore, wraps were made from the leaves and used as a treatment for burns.
[Read more about Lamb’s Quarters…]
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It’s National Rollercoaster Day, because the first patent for a wooden coaster was received in this day in 1872.
There have probably been version of thrill rides since whenever it was that humans first figured out the concept of ramps, but we can trace at least one key ancestor of the roller coaster to 15th century Russia, where people would ride ice blocks down big wooden ramps, which was dangerous and exciting at once. In some parts of the world roller coasters are still called “Russian Mountains.”
In the 18th century, French designers realized that if they replaced the ice blocks with wheeled carts, they could have these rides year-round, and to keep them from derailing they locked the wheels into tracks.
The earliest coaster-like rides in the US came in the 1800s. Railways that carried coal during the day became tourist attractions after work.
And by the end of the century, we had all the elements of modern roller coasters: carts on tracks designed to give riders some exhilarating ups and downs, and even some loops.
The Great Depression and World War II were unsurprisingly down years for roller coasters, but in the 1950s there was a roller coaster resurgence, in no small part due to a guy called Walt DIsney and his now-iconic land.
And over time the coasters have gotten wilder and wilder, including the jaw-dropping Thunder Dolphin in Tokyo, which takes riders through the center of a massive Ferris wheel.
That’s not even getting into the world of virtual rollercoasters, like the one created in the video game RollerCoaster Tycoon by designer Marcel Vos. He put together a long and convoluted coaster that when the virtual people in the game go for a ride, they’re stuck on there for twelve years. So I don’t see a real-world version of that design coming anytime soon.
From Death Traps to Disneyland: The 600-Year History of the Roller Coaster (Popular Mechanics)
Ups and downs: The history of roller coasters (USA Today)
Crazy Roller Coasters (Travel Channel)
RollerCoaster Tycoon Ride From Hell Lasts 12 Years (Kotaku)
Steer Cool Weird Awesome through the ups and downs of podcasting – back us on Patreon today!
Roller coaster photo by eric lynch via Flickr/Creative Commons


Using Local Sources of Organic Nutrients
Nutrient imbalances present problems in urban fringe watersheds, with an oversupply of local organic nutrients in some areas of the watersheds. Use of organic materials from livestock farms and recycled urban waste streams can help improve soil productivity and reduce nutrient imbalances, and can contribute to the sustainability of local agriculture. A number of barriers exist to more widespread and efficient use of local organic materials in agriculture. These include concerns about availability of supplies relative to application timing, consistency of materials, compatibility with equipment and farming practices, economic questions, and potential side effects such as weeds, pathogens, and odors. A key issue is the need for better information on nutrient availability. In 2004 we completed a 3-year field and laboratory research project studying nitrogen availability from a range of composted and uncomposted local organic amendments. Research was done at WSU and OSU. Results of this research are used for guidance for organic nutrient management in the Northwest.
♣ Organic Fertilizer Calculator – Downloadable Excel Worksheet for calculating organic fertilizer rates, developed at Oregon State University using the results of this research and subsequent laboratory research by Dan Sullivan at OSU.
♣ Estimating Plant Available Nitrogen Release from Manures, Composts, and Specialty Products (Request pdf e-copy). Gale, E.S., D.M. Sullivan, C.G. Cogger, A.I. Bary, D.D. Hemphill, and E.A. Myhre. 2006. J. Environ. Qual. 35:2321-2332.
♣ Predicting Plant-Available Nitrogen from Organic Amendments in the Second Year after Application (PDF-Online). Kusonwiriyawong, C., D.M. Sullivan, D.D. Hemphill, C.G. Cogger, A.I. Bary and E. Myhre. 2014. Acta Hort. 1018: 325-333.


"Personalized learning gives students more opportunity to become architects of their own learning path as the technology adapts to their specific needs."
What is the most encouraging industry trend you see happening that is benefiting both students and teachers?
SM: Improving educational outcomes — at scale — is crucially important. Now, with the support of technology and more widespread accessibility, addressing students’ individualized needs is more possible than ever. And perhaps, most interestingly, remediation is one of the applications in which personalized education technology has been proven to have the most promise for the future.
How can technology be incorporated in schools to help improve collaboration in the classroom?
SM: Context is key to improving collaboration using technology. For instance, technology can be utilized to send daily newsfeeds to teachers and students to spark collaborative discussion related to current events. Similarly, multimedia interactives and simulations allow students to experiment and explore virtual worlds that might not be accessible without technology.
In your opinion, how is educational technology affecting personalized learning?
SM: Personalized learning gives students more opportunity to become architects of their own learning path as the technology adapts to their specific needs. In addition, teachers gain access to analytics that can help them further tailor their instruction for individuals and in the classroom — ultimately resulting in significant improvements in students' engagement, confidence and learning outcomes.
What do you believe is the most important benefit of educational technology on learning outside of the classroom?
SM: Educational technology offers possibility, choice and the ability to regulate the where, when and how of learning. Students can use products that adapt to their individual learning styles and unique circumstances. Digital tools also help make the most of limited study time, and learning can happen wherever and whenever students are ready.
This article originally appeared on Media Planet: Education and News Careers and can be found here.


Until quite recently, archaeological researchers developed culture-histories for the Sierran foothill region based on the more studied areas of the western Great Basin and California Central Valley. Temporal divisions reflecting culture change in the foothills, therefore, hinged on data from bordering regions. A recent study for the East Sonora Bypass Project(1), however, has developed an entirely new chronology focusing on a synthesis of local data from more than 100 excavated sites in the watersheds of the Mokelumne, Calaveras, Stanislaus, and Tuolumne rivers. Based on spatial and stratigraphic analyses of more than 200 radiocarbon dates, more than 4,000 source-specific obsidian hydration readings, slightly more than 875 projectile points, and close to 600 shell beads, five major time periods are defined—Early Archaic, Middle Archaic, Late Archaic, Recent Prehistoric I, and Recent Prehistoric II. Each period has one or more relevant changes that distinguishes it from what came before such as subsistence (a new food sources, a change in preparation techniques), land-use (seasonal camps, long-term villages), or technological (e.g., a dominant projectile point style is identified for each period). Obsidian hydration brackets for the Bodie Hills obsidian source (located east of the Sierran crest) are associated with each time period, and are useful for interpreting the age of this obsidian when found on the west slope of the Sierra below snow level.


Derived Attributes In Er Diagram Examples –Entity Relationship is actually a substantial-levels conceptual data product diagram. Entity-Connection version is dependant on the idea of actual-community organizations as well as the relationship between them. ER modeling really helps to analyze information specifications systematically to make a nicely-created data bank. So, it is actually considered a finest process to complete ER modeling before employing your database.
History of ER models
ER diagrams can be a visible instrument which can be helpful to represent the ER design. It was actually proposed by Peter Chen in 1971 to make a standard gathering which can be used for relational data bank and group. He directed to use an ER design like a conceptual modeling strategy.
What exactly is ER Diagrams?
Entity relationship diagram shows the connections of entity set up stored in a data source. In other words, we can say that ER diagrams help you to describe the plausible construction of directories. Initially appear, an ER diagram appearance much like the flowchart. However, ER Diagram contains a lot of professional symbols, and its definitions turn this version distinctive.
Exactly What Is Entity?
A genuine-community factor either living or low-lifestyle that is certainly quickly identifiable and nonrecognizable. It can be nearly anything from the enterprise that will be depicted in our database. It can be a physical issue or simply a simple fact concerning the business or an function that happens in real life.
An entity may be spot, individual, object, function or even a concept, which merchants information from the data base. The qualities of organizations are need to have an characteristic, along with a special key. Every entity is composed of some ‘attributes’ which represent that entity.
Relationship is absolutely nothing but an association between two or more organizations. E.g., Tom works inside the Biochemistry department. Organizations be a part of interactions. We could usually determine connections with verbs or verb terms.
A weak entity is a kind of entity which doesn’t have its key attribute. It could be determined distinctively by considering the principal crucial of some other entity. For that, poor entity collections need to have participation.


Often the second stage of the fabric manufacturing process, dyeing involves the adding of colour to the knitted fabric. This is carried out by dipping, or submerging, the knitted fabric in vats of dye to give them colour. Ocean Lanka’s textile dyeing and printing facility consist of 65 machines. This allows us to dye approximately 100,000lbs of fabric each day. Large outputs, also, translate to high levels of water consumption in textile dyeing and finishing. This is a concern in and of itself but also because the main pollutant identified is, often, water that is mixed with dyes and various chemicals. As such, our management is focused on reducing the ‘Liquor Ratio’ and, thereby, the total volume of water used as well. This ratio refers to the water usage of a single machine and indicates the amount of water required per unit of dye. The older machines in our fabric dyeing and printing facility have liquor ratios of 1:15. We’ve updated our setup, however, with new machines operating at a ratio as low as 1:5. We use a considerable number of these, already, and are gradually transitioning to an operation that will solely rely on these newer machines that require a significantly less amount of water.


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Guatama Buddha (c. 563 BC – c. 483 BC) was a teacher, thinker and religious leader. He was later known simply as Buddha.
- "Chaos is inherent in all compounded things. Strive on with diligence."
- Simple: Everything is random. Keep working hard.
- What it means: Things will go wrong. When they do, do not stop and keep working hard.
- "Hatred does not cease by hatred, but only by love; this is the eternal rule."
- Simple: If someone hates you, hating them back won't make them stop. This is a rule forever.
- "He is able who thinks he is able."
- Simple: People who think they can do things, can do those things.
- What it means: Think you can do something, and you can do it.
- "Whatever words we utter should be chosen with care for people will hear them and be influenced by them for good or ill."
- Simple: Whatever you say, think about it. People will hear your words and be changed by them, in a bad or a good way.
- What it means: Think about what you say before you say it.
- ↑ Buddha Quotes, Buddhist-Tourism.com.
- ↑ The New Dictionary of Thoughts, Google Books.
- ↑ Future M.D, Google Books.
- ↑ The Fresh Start Promise, Google Books.
- Gautama Buddha on Wikipedia
- Gautama Buddha on Wikimedia Commons
- Works by Gautama Buddha on the English Wikisource


The main task of the administrator is to provide the users with the
services they need, while keeping the server functional and
secure. A public web site is by definition reachable by any user on
the internet, some of whom may harbor ill intent. Not only the web
server itself but also all scripts and custom-made modules must be
secure. With the most powerful Challenger modules, users can create
pages with scripting and database accesses, pages that in themselves
can be potential security hazards.
The administrator has to know about these security hazards and draw
the line between functionality and security. The administrator can
limit who gets to use which modules, in case not all users can be
trusted with the security of the server.
The administrator also has to make sure the system is running
smoothly. The main tools are the log files and event log. Most problems
will be reported there.
The world of Challenger and the web are not static. New releases
and third party software appears, and users demand more
functionality. It is the administrator who has to determine if new
software can be safely installed.
Besides knowing the Challenger server, the administrator
needs to be familiar with Internet security and security issues
related to the operating system the server is running on. It will
not help that the Challenger server is made secure if the underlying
operative system is not.


You may not hear a lot of information professionals say this, but there is good, quality, credible information on the web. Finding this information within the morass of advertisements and misleading news stories presents challenges, but it is not impossible.
For example -
Using a Wikipedia as a source is not a great strategy, but there are acceptable uses.
Typing keywords into Google and scrolling through thousands of results is not a great strategy, but there are acceptable uses.
WAIT! WOAH WOAH WOAH! What is Open Access and how can I use it to find freely available, quality research online?
[see box below]
At it's most fundamental, Open Access (OA) refers to free, unrestricted online access to research outputs such as journal articles, books, and theses. OA content is open to all, and ensures that anyone can access and use these results.
The unrestricted distribution of research is especially important for authors as their work gets seen my more people, and readers as they can access and build on the most recent work in the field.
For more information and links to so much more information, see Peter Suber's overview of Open Access: http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm


The Art of Attack in Chess
About This ChessGeek™ Masterclass
Updated lines by modern engine
13 On Demand Lessons
A focus on main ideas & concepts
201+ minutes of instruction
An accredited and high-rated book
Lesson 0. Introduction
Lesson 1. Attack against the uncastled king
Lesson 2. Attack on king that has lost the right to castle
Lesson 3. On castling and attacking the castled position
Lesson 4. Mating patterns
Lesson 5. Focal-points
Lesson 6. The classic bishop sacrifice
Lesson 7. Ranks, files and diagonals in the attack
Lesson 8. Pieces and pawns in the attack on castled king
Lesson 9. The attack on the fianchettoed and queenside king
Lesson 10. Defending against the attack on the castled king
Lesson 11. The phases of the attack on the castled king
Lesson 12. Attack on king as an integral part of the game
What is "Art of Attack in Chess"
The Art Of Attack in Chess is a 1999 legendary chess book by Vladimir Vukovic. Within the covers of this book, hides 12 chapters that detail the methods, strategy, and commonalities in regards to attacking in chess. The book covers both the basic principles along with the complex forms of attack against a king.
Enjoy 12 lessons (excluding an introduction), where you can tackle this great work of chess literature!


At a seminar hosted last week by ACT on improving the quality of education for students in middle schools, Nancy M. Doda, a consultant for Teacher to Teacher, expressed a strong dislike of tracking in middle schools. She explained that she’d recently visited a middle school in Long Island where tracking of successful students and unsuccessful students was so evident that it seemed to be a form of “apartheid.” She observed students who referred to themselves as being in the “dumb class,” she recalled. “What are we doing about that?,” she asked members of a panel who were presenting possible solutions for improving education in the middle grades.
Kati Haycock, the president of the Education Trust, replied that combating tracking, where students are placed in classes according to their level of academic performance, “is about calling it malpractice and acting on it.”
But interestingly, Stacey A. Kopnitsky, an assistant principal at Cabin John Middle School, in Montgomery County, Md., schools, replied with an anecdote about how her school made a move to reduce tracking in English-language arts classes. The school decided to do away with a remedial class in English-language arts for the lowest performing students, and mix the students from that class in with students from two other classes of gifted and talented students. So the school blended the lowest-performing and highest-performing students in classes to learn English-language arts together. She said that each class was then taught by a team of two teachers. In one of the classes, one of the teachers who was part of the team was a special education teacher.
Kopnitsky said that test scores show that the change benefited the students who had been in the remedial class. Before the change, all of them scored at the lowest of three possible levels on Maryland’s English-language arts test. After the change, most of them scored at the second of the three levels in English-language arts.
So the school is continuing the plan for its second year*, this school year.
By the way, one reason that many schools do have tracking is because parents of high-performing students contend that it ensures their children aren’t held back academically.
If you have a story about a school doing away with tracking and what impact that had, share it with us here on the blog.
A version of this news article first appeared in the Curriculum Matters blog.


Dangerous Deep Learning: How The Machines Can Hit The Wall
23 Pages Posted: 16 Jun 2020
Date Written: May 22, 2020
Democratization of the mysterious art of data science via Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure, and other machine learning (ML) service providers might make it too easy to apply ML. To underline this we present a worked-out example in R (including sources in the appendix), where deep learning falls behind much simpler methods or learns something that is not there. We start with an already published application of a LeNet style convolutional neural network (CNN) for image recognition. We show that this complex CNN is outperformed by a single layer perceptron and that a logistic regression comes close if done naively and also outperforms if a transformation is applied to the inputs. The reason for this is highlighted by visual data analysis. Then we exemplify how a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is lured into learning a function y=f(x), where there is no relation between y and x. Summing up, we demonstrate how a mighty CNN learns less than a two-feature based logistic regression and how a simple MLP learns more than a linear regression when there is nothing to learn! One way to avoid these pitfalls is academic training in data science.
Keywords: Image Recognition, CNN, MLP, Spurious Regression, Microsoft Azure
JEL Classification: C01, C02, C19, C55
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


The symptoms of novel coronavirus are most commonly fever in about 90% of the cases. Dry cough, fatigue and shortness of breath are typically present as well. There are additional symptoms which COVID-19 shares with other viral illnesses, but the lung symptoms are prominent and unique because the virus has an affinity for the lungs. As a matter of fact, greater than 55% of affected persons have abnormal CT Scans when they present to the medical system.
Anyone’s risk of getting it depends on where they live and where they have traveled. As we follow the reports, we see parts of our country that are overwhelmed with cases while reporting is early in others. But there are certain people who are at risk. We have learned a lot from two countries: Italy and South Korea. Looking at those two countries we see stark differences. The death rate among those tested in South Korea is quite low at 0.6% while the death rate in Italy is 6.2%. The reason is that in Italy the population contracting the disease was greater than 70 years of age; while in South Korea the average age was less than 60 years of age. In addition to age, people with heart disease had a death rate of 10.5%. Risk of death was also significantly increased in those with diabetes, lung problems, and high blood pressure. Importantly though, 85% of cases are mild, 10% require oxygen and 5% require a ventilator (breathing machine). There are new reports just surfacing that younger people are not immune. Anyone with lungs is susceptible to the disease. Reports coming out of Italy indicate that a significant number of millennials have become extremely ill with the disease.


Do you need to see a dentist in China? Study this lesson and you will be able communicate with your dentist in Mandarin Chinese. This lesson is also useful for dentists in foreign countries who work with Chinese patients.
Please signup and become a registered subscriber to access ALL 270+ audio lessons, full PDF transcripts, worksheets and additional audio dialogues in Mandarin Chinese.
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Thanks for that interesting lesson. I would like to know if the word teng2 (pain) has multiple pronunciations? In the recording of my textbook, the speaker pronounces it as teng, but in your lesson it sounds more like tong or toong.
Yes, this word has two pronunciations. Teng2 and tong4. Actually, they are two different characters: 疼(teng2) and 痛(tong4).
（疼）Teng2 is more often used by Chinese from Northern China, while (痛) tong4 by Chinese from South China and Taiwan.
So it’s a matter of your personal taste which version to use.


My answer assumes an Arisototelian definition of virtue. It is a golden middle in between two extremes, therefore you cannot have "too much" of a virtue. And also, a crucial aspect is that it involves a certain mindset and a specific kind of deployment: e.g. being honest in the right way, in the right situations, for the right reasons, toward the right persons, etc. — which really moves the core of the definition elsewhere (What's the right way? What are the right situations? Etc.), and I won't explain that here, but that shift alone is helpful for answering your question.
My answer also presupposes that virtue involves not just certain ways of acting, but even more importantly, it involves certain ways of thinking, dispositions, and perceptual filters.
So, taking your first example...
I'd start by saying that proper honesty doesn't mean "blindly spit out everything you think". And proper kindness doesn't mean "coddle everybody around you and don't hurt or bother anyone, ever".
Those would be extremely simplistic versions of honesty and kindness. Definitely not "virtuous" ones.
To me, proper honesty is a middle point between dishonesty/deception/deviousness, and... insensitivity/bluntness/mindless sincerity.
And proper kindness is a middle point between hostility/aggression/rudeness, and... passiveness/gullibility/people-pleasing.
I think of kindness and honesty as related to and intertwined with respect and assertiveness, too.
All this being said... Here is my answer:
If the pairs you listed are proper virtues, then there is no conflict at all.
(Side note, the notion that honesty and kindness conflict often pops up in the mind of unkind people)


Peace and Allegiance
In 1718, war broke out between the Abenakis and the British in New England. The Marquis de Vaudreuil, Governor of New France, met with the Abenaki chiefs and warriors at the mission on the Saint-François River. He wanted to discuss their needs and territorial boundaries. The French and the Abenakis then embarked on several years of military expeditions against New England. The British, for their part, destroyed the French missions in their area.
In 1726, the British and the Abenakis signed a peace treaty in Boston, which was ratified in 1728 (Treaty of Boston). The mission on the Saint-François River took in war-weary survivors from Narantsouak (Norridgewock, Maine) and Pentagöuet (Castine, Maine). However, fighting resumed between the French and British crowns in 1744. The Abenakis took part in destructive attacks and the capture of numerous British soldiers in New England. Peace returned in 1748. The Abenakis took advantage of the break in the hostilities to show their allegiance to France, with the Jesuit Father Aubery. They sent a wampum belt to Notre-Dame-de-Chartres Cathedral to demonstrate their faith in the Virgin. The belt was made of 11 000 beads, one for each member of the Nation. To thank the Abenakis, the Chapter of Chartres sent them a silver statue of the Virgin, which was a replica of the one on display in the crypt of the French cathedral. Apparently, the statue given to the Abenakis was stolen by Rogers and his men when they attacked the fortified village in 1759.


Collembola are organisms that are about 250 to 300 microns in length with what is akin to a hinge in the middle. That's about the size of a dust particle. Without a microscope, they are basically invisible to the human eye. When they are on the skin, they blend right in and are invisible. In fact they are often called the Invisible Bug Biting Syndrome, (IBBS).
They generally jump up as high as 18" from the floor or ground to the lower legs and ankle area where they relentlessly itch and bite.
There are about 6,000 species and their purpose is to keep the planet clean of dead organic matter like leaves and dead plants. Read more about them in blog post, "Collembola, Spring Tails, and Snow Fleas Accompany Morgellons," 2/12/21
Generally very little is published about them but it seems that 90 to 95% of those who complete my questionnaire which is attached, are dealing with both Morgellons and Collembola.
Lucy found some fantastic pictures and sent this email. What is amazing is that I always assumed that mites were the carriers of Collembola, but it seems I may have had that backwards and that Collembola seem to be the carrier (vector) for mites and some nematodes to also infect our skin. Lucy writes,
"I found these fascinating photos of collembola. The explanations of the photos are also well done. What I found interesting is how mites can attach themselves to collembola as parasites and that collembola can become infected by fungus. Talk about co-infections!"
I thank Lucy for sending me this resource to share with you. While collembola can be infected by fungus, we do not know if that particular fungal infections can be transferred to human skin along with the Collembola. Remember, while there are over 6,000 species of Collembola, only about 19 varieties are suspected of liking human skin, but that's more than enough for most of us.


Oil + Gas
LiquiGlide has the potential to transform the oil and gas industry by enabling more efficient production, transportation, storage and packaging of oils and lubricants.
The flowability of heavy oil and bitumen is a fundamental challenge facing the oil and gas industry. In places like the northern United States and Canada, where production tends to be highly-viscous, production, transportation, and storage can be significantly more expensive.
For example, bitumen, which comes from oil sands, can be nearly solid at room temperature. In order to allow bitumen to flow, it must be heated or diluted, typically with other lighter oils or oil derivatives. This is an expensive process and requires additional steps further down the supply chain when the bitumen must be stripped of these adulterants. LiquiGlide would eliminate the need to dilute or heat the bitumen in order to transport it through a pipeline, saving the industry billions.
Originally, LiquiGlide was developed to resolve the build-up of methane hydrates in oil pipelines. Methane hydrate forms an ice-like structure that clogs pipelines and creates enormous costs for energy companies. At lab scale, LiquiGlide’s coatings are extremely effective in preventing the build-up of such structures.
LiquiGlide can also act as a protective layer, reducing the rate of corrosion and build up of scaling, and inhibiting deposits that cause costly clogs in oil pipelines.
LiquiGlide can create more efficient packaging for lubricants, greases and other packaged products in the oil industry. Similar to the consumer goods space, LiquiGlide’s coatings reduce waste, improve ease of use, and ensure complete evacuation of the product.


Reading the Word
Ecclesiastes 8:14–15 (ESV)
14 There is a vanity that takes place on earth, that there are righteous people to whom it happens according to the deeds of the wicked, and there are wicked people to whom it happens according to the deeds of the righteous. I said that this also is vanity. 15 And I commend joy, for man has nothing better under the sun but to eat and drink and be joyful, for this will go with him in his toil through the days of his life that God has given him under the sun.
Understanding and Applying the Word
In verse 14, we read what has been stated earlier in Ecclesiastes. Life does not always give us the outcomes we expect. Sometimes the wicked live long and prosperous lives and sometimes the righteous live short and difficult lives. It all seems like vanity. Solomon’s conclusion is that we should simply seek to find joy in the days that we have.
The writer of Ecclesiastes seeks to find meaning and purpose and fulfillment in life from a naturalistic perspective. He speaks of his thinking as “life under the sun”. However, he also reminds us that life is more than this. He reminds us that our lives are given to us by God. It is because of God that we can find joy and contentment in this life that often seems unfair. It is because of God that we know that there is more and that the righteous will be rewarded and the wicked will be judged.
**If you enjoy reading Shaped by the Word, please consider sharing this post on social media. Doing so helps us reach a larger audience. Thanks for reading!
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The Indian Factors: Kinship, Trade, and Authority in the Creek Nation & American South, 1740–1800
Brill Academic Publishers
Journl of Early American History
This article explores the lives of the countless “Indian Factors” who straddled Native and European worlds during the eighteenth century. For the most part, these individuals were born of mixed unions between European men and Creek women, and were employed as traders and intermediaries in the deerskin trade and Creek-British politics. However, after the Seven Years’ War, Indian factors triggered a political contest within the Creek Nation, by empowering younger generations of men who challenged micos—the traditional leaders—for authority in their communities. Such tension led to increasing violence with Europeans and contributed to the revolutionary crisis in the South. After 1783, factors again evolved in response to the threat of the United States, this time as voices of Creek sovereignty. All in all, Indian factors embodied the multifaceted definitions and transformative changes that swept the Creek world and the American South during the eighteenth century.
Rindfleisch, Bryan C., "The Indian Factors: Kinship, Trade, and Authority in the Creek Nation & American South, 1740–1800" (2018). History Faculty Research and Publications. 264.
Journal of Early American History, Vol. 8, No. 1 (2018): 1-29. DOI.


Scottish Marine and Freshwater Science Vol 11 No 18
Underwater video is widely used to collect information on potential impacts of marine renewables on the environment being non-invasive, autonomous and cost-effective. However, the time intensive nature of assessing the video footage often means only a proportion of it is used.
This project provides an overview of the current state of computer vision technologies for automated detection of aquatic life in underwater video and provides a development route for a tool to analyse the large amount of video footage without the need for human supervision.
The project successfully demonstrated that image analysis techniques could be used on Marine Scotland Science video to a) distinguish salmon from sprats in a fish trap inside a fish trawl; and b) identify the phosphorescent sea pen from video that was generated while towing a video camera along the seabed.
The application of such automated image analysis technology will ultimately provide a fast and accurate method for identifying fish and benthic fauna from video. Specifically, it will enable a better understanding of movements of salmon around offshore wind farms and identify features of conservation interest in benthic video.
Data and Resources
|Release Date|| |
|Spatial / Geographical Coverage Location|| |
UK Open Government Licence (OGL)
|Data Dictionary|| |
There is considerable immediate potential to make use of such methods for the automated detection and identification of fish and other fauna in underwater video material collected in camera boxes connected to trawl nets; during monitoring at tidal turbines and at wind turbine bases; and at video based salmon fish counters and in the video validation of fish counters using other technology. It is hoped that such methods may well allow effective progress to be made with archived video material which various parties hold which is waiting for review.
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When we push or pull on a body, we are said to exert a force on it. Forces can also be exerted by inanimate objects. For example, a locomotive exerts a force on a train it is pulling or pushing. Similarly, compressed air in a container exerts a force on the wall of the container. The force may produce motion of the body or may cause the body to deform. Energy may be expended in the process, or the applied force may be balanced by an opposing force so that no energy is expended.
The distortion or the displacement that occurs when a body is subjected to a force occurs in accordance with Hooke's and Newton's laws governing the behavior of elastic and non-elastic bodies.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was the first to state the basic laws of motion of bodies. He postulated three fundamental principles:
During the same era, Robert Hooke (1635-1703) observed that when an elastic body is subjected to stress its dimension or shape changes in proportion to the applied stress over a range of stresses. This led to Hooke's law which states that strain, the relative change in dimension, is proportional to stress. If the stress applied to a body goes beyond a certain value known as the elastic limit , the body does not return to its original state once the stress is removed. Hooke's law applies only in the region below the elastic limit.
Because measurement of distortion or of motion provides the means of determining the magnitude of a force, Newton's and Hooke's laws are key concepts in force measurements.
The unit of force is derived from a fundamental quantity, mass. The fundamental unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). The kilogram itself is defined as the mass of a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sevres, near Paris, France. A replica of this cylinder is kept at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, MD. It serves as the standard of mass for the US.
The unit of force is the Newton (N). By definition, the newton is the force required to give a one-kilogram mass an acceleration of one meter per second squared.
Related Links: Proving Ring Home | How did the proving ring come about? | Design and construction of the proving ring | Why measure force? | Calibration of the proving ring


Which of the following regions of India does not have the Tropical Evergreen rain forests?
Correct Answer : d ) Madhya PradeshExplanation :
Tropical evergreen rain forests are found in those areas, having rainfall more than 200 cm and short dry season. Such forests can be found in the Western Ghats, Northeast region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and upper part of Assam and Tamil Nadu.
In Madhya Pradesh, tropical deciduous and thorn forests are found.
Hence, (d) is the correct answer.
Questions related to Geography are generally asked in exams like UPSC CSE, State PCS, SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, IBPS PO, SBI PO, RRB NTPC, NDA, CDS, etc.
Read Daily Current Affairs, Banking Awareness, Hindi Current Affairs, Word of the Day, Study Material for GK, Study Material for Quant and attempt free mock tests at PendulumEdu and boost your preparation for the actual exam.
Word Of The Day
Noun: A hard rigid usually large covering of an animal.; The outside part of a fruit or seed.; Something like an external structure that resembles a shell.; A casing without substance.; The hard exterior of an egg.; A hard enclosing cover.
Verb: To take out of the shell.; To fall out of the shell.; To cast the external covering.; To gather shells from a beach.
"My mother collected shells at the beach."View More


To start off, a basic 2D NACA 4412 airfoil coordinates are derived from an online source and imported into STAR-CCM+ for appropriate modelling, meshing and setting up the boundary conditions. The coefficient of Lift, drag and moments are carefully observed, and flow behavior is understood from the velocity and pressure scalar scenes.
The geometry of 2D NACA 4412 airfoil is extruded and subtracted from a fluid domain to obtain a 3D domain containing a finite wing. The objective of this simulation is to analyze the flow around the wind and also study the wing tip vortex. The videos demonstrate how to use Iso-surfaces to understand the physics of the wing tip vortices.
The nature of the flow around the circular cylinder depends majorly on the Reynolds number and that is what is studied by carrying out the simulation. Steady and Unsteady turbulent flow in analyzed as demonstrated in the video series with focus on the von-karman vortex that can be measured using the Strouhal Number. The frequency of oscillation is calculated from the lift coefficient measured using a point probe.
This tutorial simulates two-dimensional, turbulent, compressible, transonic flow over an idealized airfoil. The freestream flow is subsonic, becoming supersonic on the suction side of the airfoil, and subsonic through a shock wave. The lift and drag coefficients are monitored to help determine whether convergence is reached. The final distribution of the pressure coefficient on the airfoil is then compared to experimental data.


I visited Dimbola lodge again today on the IOW. I enjoyed John Brewers exhibition of images made by the wet plate process. The photos had a luminous quality to them that I found smfascinating
Blurb from Dimbola website 2016
The images explore the connection between the photographer John Brewer’s grandfathers, two men who fought in both world wars. The project came about through Brewer’s desire to know more about his ancestors, particularly his maternal grandfather. He has drawn inspiration from objects that belonged to them, or mementos kept by their descendants, or found objects .Brewer explains: ,’each object, represents a moment of lost time, a tableau from a biographical narrative.” The works evolved from personal narratives evoking the universality of loss during war and reminiscence of family history. Brewer explains: “I’ve tried to give a sense of my appreciation for the importance of the past by weaving mementoes of lost time into the present moment.”
I was fascinated by the look of the images( the above photos don’t really show the luminosity I mentioned ) I needed to look up the ‘wet plate process’
Julia Margaret Cameron used this technique. Dimbola lodge has a permanent exhibition of her work and mentions that JMC made wet plates in her garden shed.
The process was invented by Frederic Scott Archer in 1851. He experimented with collodion in the hope of producing a photographic negative on ordinary glass.
The plates are made by dissolving bromide and iodide salts in collodion . The mixture is poured onto a glass plate, and allowed to sit for a few seconds. The plate is then placed into a solution of silver nitrate and exposed in a camera while still wet.
Underexposed very thin negatives look like a good positive if placed on a black background. Photographs on glass with black paint on one side are called ambrotypes and on metal with black varnish called tintype (or Ferrotype). I am not sure which type Brewer used to display his work but this explains the luminous quality I observed .


How many times, when you are listening to a song and you found yourself predicting the next word or the next tone? When this happens to me, I think how good I am in predictions till I read the attached article. It highlights how our brain is a very powerful machine, although scientists have not yet discovered it all.
The attached article talks about a study where researchers found how participants were able to predict the next melody when they are listening to a piece of music. They believe that the results could be applied also to languages, and communication.
If our brain recognizes a system to be able to predict the next melody, couldn’t it predict other important events in different domains?
Do you feel that your brain could predict any events in your life?
“Faking it till you have it” doesn’t really help in social media, especially today when audiences are more educated and more aware of the tricks that some influencers do.
The attached report reflects how being honest is the best way to gain followers in social media. And honesty is what I always call for when advising for growing any social media account.
On the other hand, this attached article highlights how the audience are becoming more skilled in evaluating the information they receive online.. Which is my ultimate goal I am always working for: Evaluate the information always is a crucial skill to gain in today’s world.
Another point I need to stress here is, no short path to success… Work hard, be honest, arm yourself with the needed skills and provide a real value to your audience are the best approach to achieve your goals.
Do you fear public speaking? Then this article is for you. The author mentioned 3 tactics to help your brain and body to perform well in such case. These tips are valuable and helpful to gain your confidence.
Have you tried any of these tips?
3 Ways to Hack Your Brain to Conquer Your Nerves, According to a Stanford Neuroscientist
Skill up and Thrive. You need these skills and habits to be a great leaders. Some essential skills such as, communication skills, Decision making skills, problem-solving skills and others that this article highlights.


Beauty (or aroma) is in the eye (or nose) of the beholder.
Sweetscent (Pluchea odorata) also is commonly called saltmarsh fleabane, shrubby camphorweed, stinkweed, and cattle-tongue. This annual or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant grows throughout coastal areas of the U.S., Mexico, Central America, northern South America, and the Caribbean. At the Oslo Riverfront Conservation (ORCA), it is most frequently seen growing in moist area around the western-most wetland crossover, as you would expect from a plant with the common name of saltmarsh fleabane.
Its pinkish flowers are held in cymes (flat-topped clusters), and it was flowering profusely at ORCA when we took a group walk there on 5-28-2017 in honor of Memorial Day. Spring and summer are the usual time for flowering.
At first glance, this plant might not appear to be a member of the Asteraceae, the aster or daisy family, with its urn-sharped (urceolate) flowers that lack the petals of traditional daisies. It has only the central daisy disc, which is composed of many, many tiny flowers. This profusion of tiny flowers that open over time in the central disc are very attractive to pollinators especially bees.
In the fall, each pollinated flowers opens outward to expel a seed (an achene) with a bristly parachute (pappus), as shown in this somewhat fuzzy photo from 2013.
Stiff centrall stems give sweetscent an erect growth habit. Its alternate leaves are elliptical, toothed and blanketed with coarse hairs (trichomes).


Animation: Visualizing 140 Years of Global Surface Temperatures
This post is by Carmen Ang from Visual Capitalist
Animated: 140 Years of Global Surface Temperatures
For hundreds of years, Earth’s average surface temperature has been steadily increasing. And over the last decade, this global heating appears to have intensified.
Since 1880, the global average temperature has risen by an average of 0.08°C (0.14°F) every 10 years, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
But since 1981, warming has been occurring at more than twice that rate, by about 0.18°C (0.32°F) per decade.
This graphic by Pablo Alvarez shows 140 years of global surface temperatures, highlighting the 10 coldest and warmest years from 1880-2021 using data from NOAA.
Global Surface Temperatures Over Time
Over the last century and a half, there have been fluctuations in global surface temperatures, with some of the coolest years on record occurring in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
However, the last two decades have seen unprecedented warming, with the 10 warmest years on record all occurring within the last 20 years. Here’s a look at the 10 hottest years since 1800, and how they compared to the 20th century average:
The 10 Warmest Years
|Rank||Year||Deviation from 20th Century Avg. (°C)|
As of this article’s publication, the warmest year on record was 2016, when temperatures were +0.99°C (1.78°F) above the 20th century average. After 2016, the (Read more...)


Green travel: rail rules, cars drool (and planes do alright)
[Via Ars Technica]
What mode of transportation is most environmentally friendly? A paper released online by the journal Environmental Science and Technology attempts to answer this question. Using a powerful, predictive chemical climate model that takes into account the effect of a wide range of pollutants, the authors examine the overall effect on temperature and radiative forcing from a given transport work unit and extend the analysis many years into the future. Turns out, air travel will result in a lower temperature rise than the equivalent car travel, but only after a long period of time.
The paper uses as inputs one year’s worth of emissions from various transportation methods, both freight and personal. The authors computed the rise (or fall) in temperature over 5-, 20-, and 50-year horizons, as well as the radiative forcing impact over 20-, 100-, and 500-year periods.
To account for obvious differences in capacity and capability, effects were measured against comparable units. Freight transport’s effect is measured per ton-km or per vol-km; likewise, passenger transport is measured per passenger-km, or per passenger-hour.
The freight categories were aviation, light-duty trucking, heavy-duty trucking, rail, and ship. For passenger transport, the authors looked at aviation, car, motorcycle/moped/scooter, bus, and rail.
Ship and rail were the respective winners in freight and passenger transport; both resulted in lower average global temperatures over the 5-year horizon windows. These drops in mean temperature are the result of a stronger cooling effect from sulfate aerosols and methane destruction (via ozone creation), which more than offset the rise in temperature due to the added CO2.
So flying may not be so bad after all. And everything should be transported by train or boat. An interesting comparison.
2 thoughts on “More travel information to consider”
Shouldn’t cost be factored in? After all, flying costs more than driving. Until one figures out how to keep costs down. going green is not going to appeal to the average person.
The major considerations would be the commercial transportation ones and I do know that boat and rail is the cheapest for them also.
Comments are closed.


War Eagle Battle Cry
The most popular legend about the battle cry dates back to the first time Auburn met Georgia on the football field in 1892 and centers on a spectator who was a Civil War veteran. In the stands with him that day was an eagle the old soldier had found on a battlefield during the war. He had kept it as a pet for almost 30 years.
According to witnesses, the eagle suddenly broke free and began majestically circling the playing field. As the eagle soared, Auburn began a steady march toward the Georgia end zone for a thrilling victory. Elated at their team's play and taking the bird's presence as an omen of success, Auburn students and fans began to yell “War Eagle” to spur on their team. At the game's end, the eagle took a sudden dive, crashed into the ground, and died.
But the War Eagle battle cry lived on to become a symbol of the proud Auburn spirit. Whenever Auburn people gather, the battle cry “Warrrrrrr Eagle!” is almost certain to be heard. It has been a part of Auburn's spirit for more than 100 years.
Since the first War Eagle, there have been seven others throughout Auburn's history that have served as a symbol of the Auburn spirit and kept alive the legendary battle cry.
Auburn Raptor Center
Jayne Kucera Hart
Communications and Marketing Director
About the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine
Over the course of its 126-year history, the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine has produced more than 6,650 veterinarians and more than 500 specialists and researchers. Auburn is the seventh oldest college of veterinary medicine in North America and was the first in the southeastern United States.More Information


San Juan, Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico is the easternmost island in the Greater Antilles chain and an unincorporated territory of the United States. It had been inhabited for hundreds of years by the indigenous Taino people before Christopher Columbus claimed the island for Spain in 1493. Spanish conquistadors used enslaved Tainos and Africans to tend their large sugar cane plantations, as well as help build a fortified governor’s palace (La Fortaleza) and two massive forts to protect San Juan Bay from repeated attacks. After the Spanish-American War of 1898, Spain ceded Puerto Rico to the U.S.; in 1917, residents were granted U.S. citizenship. Today, the “Island of Enchantment” dazzles with its vibrant culture, Old San Juan — a colonial charmer with leafy plazas and mix of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture — and the UNESCO World Heritage-designated La Fortaleza and fortresses of San Felipe del Morro and San Cristobál. Natural wonders include a slew of gorgeous beaches, lush reserves like Caja de Muertos and El Yunque — the only tropical rainforest in the U.S. — surreal bioluminescent bays, and Cueva Ventana, a cliff-side cave with Taino petroglyphs and much-photographed “window” overlooking the Arecibo River Valley.


Taking stock of Australia’s carbon sequestration potential
A recent CSIRO report commissioned by the Climate Change Authority has provided a comprehensive assessment of Australia’s carbon sequestration potential.
From fizzy drinks to fuel: how utilising CO2 can help us reduce emissions
Australia could turn carbon dioxide waste into a valuable revenue stream, according to a new report on carbon capture and utilisation.
Turning carbon from a waste into a resource
Using carbon dioxide for commercial applications that support emissions reductions and industry growth will be the focus of CSIRO’s upcoming Commoditisation of CO2 Roadmap.
Carbon capture and storage: one tool, many opportunities
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has the potential to help reduce emissions. It’s a technology that’s tested, available, heavily regulated and it works at scale - but it’s not yet readily adopted.
Geoengineering the ocean could help slow climate change
A new project led out of Germany is investigating how novel ocean negative emission technologies (NETs) might work to slow down the rate of climate change.
Why renting, rather than buying, carbon might help mitigate climate change
To mitigate climate change we might have to re-examine the rules which define carbon credit-worthy sequestration actions – that might include renting, rather than buying.
Think local on Southern Ocean’s global impact
The Southern Ocean has an enormously influential role on the Earth's climate, it reaches from the Antarctic into all the world's oceans. What research now shows is local ocean processes have global impacts.
The upside of blackwater river flows
There’s an upside to the carbon-rich, black water that sometimes flows off the floodplains and into the rivers of the Murray–Darling Basin.
Carbon central to a new wave of climate modelling
Simulating the Earth’s myriad physical, chemical and biological processes is a big ask. But it must be done if we are to work out how what we do today will change the future climate. Thanks to this Australian ‘earth system model’, we’re getting a clearer picture of what’s ahead.


The advancement in technology like power electronics, power cells, fuel cells, energy storage and renewable technology designs are shifting centralize electrical power plants to Decentralize Distributed Power (Micro-Grids). Renewable Technology solutions and new regulations has changed the thinking toward moving electrical power resources closer to the end user. Electrical power production that is close to the end user is commonly referred to as distributed generation power. Today it is economical to generate some or all of the electricity on or near the load sites. Decarbonizing USA commercial businesses with OnSite zero emission renewable power technology.
OnSite Power Production (DDP) A Renewable Tech Solutions
Onsite Decentralize Distributed Power system reduces the loss of electrical energy, because it does not utilizing miles of wired transmission lines. Non-Wired electricity is generated onsite where it is used. The Onsite Micro –Grid overall power requirements are also reduces because there are fewer distribution power lines. The transition to OnSite power production with fewer transmission power lines will offer a safer and economical advantage over Centralized Power Plants.
Decentralize Distributed Power systems value propositions are; improvements in financial risk, engineering flexibility, security, and environmental qualities.
Centralize Power Plants
A Centralize power plant transmit electricity long distances over transmission lines and negatively affect the environment. Transmission lines can cause wildfires and storms can snap lines, subsequent causing power black outs for utility customers. Also centralize power plants are more susceptible to cyber-attacks and as energy demand continues to increase the centralized power plant will experience unsustainable strain. This strain leaves us vulnerable to electricity shortages, rolling blackouts and electricity quality issues. Making matters worse, a large number of the centralized power plants are inefficient and “dirty” – squandering precious natural resources.
Historically, centralize power plants have been an integral part of the electrical grid, in which large generating facilities are specifically located far from populated load centers. They, supply traditional transmission and distribution (T&D) grid which distributes bulk power to load centers and from there to consumers. These were developed when the costs of transporting fuel and integrating generating technologies into populated areas far exceeded the cost of developing T&D facilities and tariffs.
Distributed Power System (DDPs)
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To understand what de-fragmentation IS, a person must first understand how data files are saved onto magnetic storage disks. Whether on a floppy disk or a hard disk, data is stored in a certain format. Formatting consists of dividing a disk into organized sections so that data can be located by the computer. Formatting organizes disks into concentric rings called tracks. Tracks are divided into sectors (pie shaped wedges) in which files and parts of files are stored.
Some files are larger than others and require more storage space. Such files are often stored in several neighboring sectors on the disk, called a cluster. As files are deleted from a disk, various sectors become available. The next time a file is saved, the computer tries to use the newly available sectors. If those sectors aren’t large enough to hold the complete file, the remaining parts of the file are stored in one or more other sectors.
Obviously this results in a file being broken into pieces and scattered over the disk. This doesn’t present a huge problem, since the operating system keeps track of the location of the different parts. However, when a file is fragmented, it takes a longer period of time for the computer to locate all of the pieces of information that make up the complete file. As more and more files are fragmented over the disk, the computer slows down noticeably
De-fragmentation alleviates this problem by rewriting the files so that they are again stored on neighboring clusters. This procedure results in a significant improvement in file retrieval time. DOS version 6.x includes a defragmentor for taking care of this problem. In addition to DOS 6, there are special programs (such as DiskExpress and Power Up for the Macintosh, and DOS Rx for the PC) that can be purchased for de-fragmenting files. Utility packages, such as PC Tools and Norton Utilities, also include a defragmenter.


ATLANTA – The U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration reminds first responders, those involved in rescue and recovery efforts, and residents in areas affected by Hurricane Ian to be vigilant and protect themselves from the many hazards that flooding, power loss, structural damage, fallen trees and storm debris may create.
Storm recovery efforts may involve hazards related to restoring electricity and communications, removing debris, repairing water damage, repairing or replacing roofs and trimming trees. Only individuals with proper training, equipment and experience should conduct recovery and cleanup activities.
Protective measures after a weather disaster should include:
Evaluating the work area for hazards.
Assessing the stability of structures and walking surfaces.
Ensuring fall protection when working on elevated surfaces.
Assuming all power lines are live.
Operating chainsaws, portable generators, ladders, and other equipment properly.
Using personal protective equipment, such as gloves, hard hats, hearing, foot and eye protection.
“During storm cleanup, the risk of injuries, illnesses and fatalities can be reduced with knowledge, safe work practices and appropriate personal protective equipment,” said OSHA Regional Administrator Kurt Petermeyer in Atlanta.
OSHA maintains a comprehensive website with safety tips to help employers and workers, including an alert on keeping workers safe during flood cleanup. Individuals involved in response and recovery efforts may call OSHA’s toll-free hotline at 800-321-OSHA (6742).
Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, employers are responsible for providing safe and healthful workplaces for their employees. OSHA’s role is to help ensure these conditions for America’s working men and women by setting and enforcing standards, and providing training, education and assistance. For more information, visit http://www.osha.gov.


Our vision at St Mark’s is to offer a Christian education which liberates, empowers and motivates students to use their individual gifts with confidence, creativity and generosity in loving and responsible service.
What is an Extra-Curricular activity?
Extra-Curricular activities are those that fall outside the realm of the normal curriculum of school are the majority are not explicitly connected to academic learning.
A range of extra-curricular activities are offered to students according to their age and interests. These include:
- Sporting teams and competitions such as athletics, netball, tennis, basketball, cricket, cross country, swimming, touch football and volleyball
- Music lessons and ensembles
- Debating, Public Speaking and Mock trial
- Art and Drama Performance.
- ICAS, English, Maths and Science competitions
- Interschool Carnivals for Athletics and Cross Country
What is a Co-Curricular activity?
Co-curricular activities are those additional activities which are not taught in the usual classroom environment. The co-curricular dimension of an all-round education has never been more important than it is today. They expose students to community, state, and national organisations and thus create links to the “real world.” Co-curricular activities allow students to learn a variety of skills, many of which they will carry with them for life. Co-curricular activities at St Mark’s lead to the increased personal and spiritual development of the students, and arise from the core learning experiences of the school. These include:
- Year 10 Work Experience
- Camps for Years 3 to 11
- Year 12 Retreat
- Year 11 Community Service
- Peer support program – (developing leadership skills, resilience and values)
- School Representative Council – SRC


Dogs are probably the most popular domesticated mammal. They are renowned for their loyalty and obedience, having been bred for thousands of years. Dogs are loyal and protective of their humans. Dogs will protect their owners by barking or attacking invaders.
Dogs' smell is intriguing. Dogs can smell many times better than people. They can track odors over long distances and sense undetectable scents. They are useful in search and rescue, weapons detection, and drug detection.
Dogs interact mostly through smell. Dogs mark their territory and converse with other dogs using scent glands on their bodies. Therapy animals use them because they can sense human fear and other emotions.
Dogs have been assisting people for thousands of years, and their skills have been refined through centuries of selective breeding. Dogs have been bred for specific duties such as hunting, herding, and guarding, and each breed has its own distinct personality and abilities.
Some dog breeds are used as support or police dogs due to their incredible sense of smell. Bloodhounds, which can trace scents over long distances, are used to find missing people and fugitives.
Dogs are extremely intelligent creatures, and their sense of smell plays an important role in their ability to learn and solve problems. Dogs have been taught to detect a wide range of scents, including drugs, explosives, and medical conditions such as cancer.
Dogs' ability to smell human behavior shifts is amazing. Dogs can detect emotional shifts in body odor. A dog may comfort their owner if they smell anxiety or stress.
Dogs' emotional bonds and sense of smell make them precious. Dogs thrive on human companionship and can feel and respond to their owners' emotions.
One of the most endearing characteristics of dogs is their devotion and affection for their owners. Dogs are known for forming strong bonds with their owners and will frequently go to great measures to protect and care for them.
Dogs are amazing animals with many benefits for people. Companions, support animals, and working dogs benefit from their loyalty, intelligence, and sense of smell. Dogs are great companions and expert workers.


"A Crocodile Named Tom" is an educational children's book that was written to help address awareness for an endangered species of crocodile called the Tomistoma (Tomistoma schlegelii).
The children's book tells the story of Tom, a small Tomistoma crocodile, who becomes lost and has to find his way back home. On his journey home, he has to overcome many challenges, meet new friends, and learn important life lessons. The story is fun, engaging, and heartfelt and helps relate people to important issues regarding the conservation of endangered animals like the Tomistoma. The story also helps relate readers to the unique animals, environment, and people of Sarawak Malaysia.
The storybook is 43 pages long, with a few sentences on each page, and is developed for young children and family reading. The storybook is also entirely unique in many different ways and will hopefully play an important part in modern conservation efforts for the species.
For PDF preview, kindly visit:-
A Crocodile Named Tom (Second print)
by Anthony Pine


Definition of Indian mutiny
1. Noun. Discontent with British administration in India led to numerous mutinies in 1857 and 1858; the revolt was put down after several battles and sieges (notably the siege at Lucknow).
Generic synonyms: Insurrection, Rebellion, Revolt, Rising, Uprising
Geographical relationships: Bharat, India, Republic Of India
Lexicographical Neighbors of Indian Mutiny
Literary usage of Indian mutiny
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Dictionary of National Biography by LESLIE. STEPHEN (1901)
"History of the indian mutiny ' (in continuation of vols. i. and ii. of Kaye's ' Sepoy War'), 1878-80, 3 vols. 8vo. 9. '' History of Afghanistan,' 1879, 8vo. ..."
2. Young India: An Interpretation and a History of the Nationalist Movement by Lajpat Rai (1916)
"The Great indian mutiny of 1857. We have, however, referred to this story in these few words only to introduce the great indian mutiny of 1857, ..."
3. The Life of Richard Cobden by John Morley (1908)
"CHAPTER XXVII THE indian mutiny PRIVATE AFFAIRS SECOND JOURNEY TO AMERICA THE elections had barely taken place before the. country was thrilled from end to ..."
4. The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge (1919)
"His chief work, 'History of the indian mutiny' (1878-80) commenced where the second volume of Kaye's 'Sepoy War' left off, and in 1890 there appeared a ..."
5. An Introduction to the English Historians by Charles Austin Beard (1906)
"CHAPTER H THE GREAT indian mutiny THE contest between the British and the Indian princes for the decaying Moghul empire, which opened seriously at the ..."


What happened to European Martial Arts?
If you're interested in martial arts, you may have noticed that there are many styles and traditions from Asia, such as karate, judo, and taekwondo, but relatively few from Europe. This might lead you to wonder: What Happened to European Martial Arts?
To answer this question, it's important to understand the history and development of martial arts in different parts of the world.
What are martial arts?
Martial arts are systems of combat techniques that originated in various cultures around the world. These techniques can include strikes, kicks, throws, and other physical actions, as well as strategies and tactics for defending oneself or attacking an opponent. Martial arts may also include elements of spirituality, discipline, and self-improvement.
History of martial arts in Europe
Martial arts have a long history in Europe, with many styles and traditions dating back centuries or even millennia. These traditions were often practiced by professional soldiers, knights, and other warriors, rather than being passed down through civilian communities. European martial arts included fencing, sword fighting, wrestling, and other techniques that were used in warfare and personal combat.
The decline of European martial arts
Over time, the nature of warfare and personal combat changed in Europe, and the traditional martial arts practices began to decline. The development of gunpowder and firearms in the late medieval and early modern periods made many traditional martial arts techniques obsolete. In addition, the rise of professional armies and the decline of feudalism meant that fewer people needed to learn martial arts for personal defense or social status.
The revival of European martial arts
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study and revival of European martial arts traditions. This discipline, known as Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA), involves the reconstruction and interpretation of historical sources, such as fencing manuals and combat treatises, to reconstruct the martial arts practices of the past. HEMA practitioners use this knowledge to train and compete in a variety of contexts, including tournaments, sparring sessions, and historical reenactments.
European Martial Arts Today
While European martial arts may not be as well-known or widespread as their Asian counterparts, they are still an important part of the martial arts world. Through the discipline of HEMA, practitioners are able to keep these traditions alive and share them with others. If you're interested in learning more about European martial arts, consider seeking out a HEMA club or school in your area, or researching online resources to learn more.


16th January 2014
The press this week (Scotsman, Tuesday
14 January 2014) reported a call by head teacher Isabel Lind, of Aileymill Primary School,
in Greenock, for the Scottish Government to include the Scots language in the
1+2 education initiative which aims to have children in primary school learn
two foreign languages alongside English.
Lind, who fears that unless we act in favour of Scots it will die out,
stated that Scots was an obvious choice to take one of the slots alongside
English, though, of course, Scots is native to the country. She recognised that
Scots was the language spoken in many homes and was the first language many
children brought to school, though knowledge about the language was often
lacking. She was also quite critical of the Curriculum for Excellence
(introduced in 2010) which she claimed lacked vigour.
The press report highlighted the keen debate about the place of (non-English) language teaching in Scotland but added that the number of language assistants in schools had continued to decline. When asked about the Scots language, a spokesman for the Scottish Government replied The Scottish Government is committed to supporting all of Scotlands languages. The teaching of Scots can be incorporated into the 1+2 programme. The appointment of Scots language co-ordinators in schools also has the potential to open up different ways of promoting Scots through learning and teaching.


"RSCN will create, manage and advocate for a national network of protected areas to conserve Jordan’s biodiversity and support local community development, while promoting wider public support and action for the protection of the natural environment within Jordan and neighboring countries.”
The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature is an independent national organization devoted to the conservation of Jordan's natural resources. RSCN was established in 1966 with His Majesty the late King Hussein as Honorary President. RSCN has the mission of protecting and managing the natural resources of Jordan, for it is responsible for protecting wildlife and wild places. Thus, it is one of the few voluntary organizations in the Middle East with such a public service mandate.
As a result of its pioneering conservation work, the RSCN has achieved international recognition and acclaim. Managing the nature resources of Jordan is done by setting up protected areas to safeguard the best wildlife and scenic areas as well as breeding endangered species to save them from extinction. In addition, enforcing governmental laws to protect wildlife, control illegal hunting, and raise awareness of environmental issues through educational programs, ultimately promoting the sustainable use of natural resources.
In its short but rich history, RSCN has many achievements. The foremost of which is establishing 10 protected areas covering over 1,200 square kilometers. These areas comprise of wild plants, animals and other natural resources, while encompassing some of the finest natural landscapes in the country.
The successful captive breeding of the magnificent endangered Arabian Oryx, gazelle and ibex and their re-introduction into the wilderness is considered a pioneering step of conservational activity in the region. Hence, controlling the illegal hunting throughout the Kingdom to preserve these wondrous creatures.
Setting up over 1,000 Nature Conservation Clubs in schools raises children's awareness of environmental issues by providing them with practical involvement in conservation activities and projects.


A recent study comparing Americans to Canadians shows that Americans have twice as much BPA in their systems than Canadians. BPA also known as Bisphenol A is an estrogen mimicking chemical found in many plastics, canned food, shopping receipts, and the most controversial of the products: baby bottles. Although many deem the chemical to be safe in small amounts, the effects of the chemical are known by many scientists to be horrible in every level of exposure. The effects include but are not limited to increased obesity, developmental effects to the brain, thyroid issues, breast cancer and prostate cancer. As the study was conducted it was found that 91 percent of Americans had one part per billion in their urine. Although this is considered only a trace amount it is still 1000 times higher than natural levels of estrogen.
Although Americans and Canadians are similar in lifestyles as well as eating habits the difference remains, and researchers do not understand why. One explanation may be that Canada recently banned this chemical and have very strict regulations when it comes to this chemical. United States also homes five major BPA chemical plants and although the United States is getting closer to banning BPA the FDA still regards it as an acceptable chemical.
Further, Americans and Canadians were then compared with the BPA levels amongst German society and found that while Germans have a higher level of BPA in their systems than Canadians; Americans still have a substantially higher amount of BPA in their systems than Germans.
Title: Americans have twice as much BPA in their bodies as Canadians
Author: Martin Mittelstaedt
Student researcher: Kaitlyn Vargas, Sonoma State University
Faculty Evaluator: Elaine Wellin, Sonoma State University


Researchers have matched cancer cells in an infant with those from its mother, showing that cancer cells may cross the placenta and cause disease in an infant. Cases of cancer cells transmitted from mother to foetus in utero have been reported, but had previously not been experimentally confirmed. Mel Greaves and colleagues used genetic tracking to show evidence of such maternal-fetal cancer transmission.
The researchers document the case of a 28-year-old mother who developed leukaemia shortly after delivering a child and whose 11-month-old daughter developed the same type of cancer. A genetic analysis revealed a clonal match with the mother's cancer cells in the infant, and subsequent testing of the newborn's blood cells collected in a routine delivery procedure showed that the child had the cancer cells at birth.
Further genetic analysis revealed that the infant's maternally derived leukaemia cells were missing a region of DNA that would have flagged them as intruders and effected elimination by the immune system. The researchers surmise that this gene loss likely enabled the cancer cells to circumvent the placental barrier and escape immune system recognition.
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Article: "Immunologically silent cancer clone transmission from mother to offspring," by Takeshi Isoda, Anthony M. Ford, Daisuke Tomizawa, Frederik W. van Delft, David Gonzalez De Castro, Norkio Mitsuiki, Joannah Score, Tomohiko Taki, Tomohiro Morio, Masatoshi Takagi, et al.
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What is another word for kinaesthesia?
[ kˌɪniːsθˈiːzi͡ə], [ kˌɪniːsθˈiːziə], [ k_ˌɪ_n_iː_s_θ_ˈiː_z_iə]
Table of Contents
Synonyms for Kinaesthesia:
n.• feeling of movement (noun)
How to use "Kinaesthesia" in context?
Kinaesthesia is the perception of the physical world through the senses of touch, pain, temperature, and movement. It is a complex sensation that can be difficult to explain or understand, but it is an extremely important part of our daily lives.
We use kinaesthesia all the time to interact with the world around us. For example, when we touch something, we feel the texture and shape of the object. When we feel pain, we can determine the location of the pain and understand how severe it is. We can also sense when something is hot or cold.
Kinaesthesia is also important for our physical well-being.
Word of the Day
- kin group


The article here makes a very good point. There seems to be a widespread reluctance with conlang constructors to draw upon English. Admittedly English is often highly irregular in both spelling and verb structure. It has many homophones and the same word can sometimes have widely differing, even contradictory meanings. Consider “boat made fast” -was the boat modified to be faster, or tied up so it did not move?
On the other hand the basic grammar of English is relatively simple if we ignore eccentricities such as do-support and inversion of questions. A selling point of English is that it is the most widely spoken language. Chinese may be spoken by more individuals but English is spoken globally. Many people across the world have some measure of English as a second or third language. As is noted, a big chunk of the world speaks bad English, which includes a very large number of British and Americans!
English has many words that will be comprehensible to non-English speakers. Many of these words are single syllable words too, making them good choices for “bricks” for Diinlang. Providing that such words have limited or relatively small interrelated meanings such words can be a good source for the Diinlang vocabulary. There is little point in creating a two or three syllable pseudo-Latin/ Greek/ European word when a single syllable English word will be more concise and intelligible.