Integrating Safety into the EU’s Urban Transport Policy
Transport safety is an essential component of sustainable urban mobility and should be firmly integrated into the mobility planning processes by cities. A total of 38% of road
deaths occur in urban areas in 2009. The EU has set a target to reduce road deaths by 50% by 2020 as well as the longer term “vision zero” by 2050. The European Commission recently adopted its ‘First Milestone towards a Serious Injury Strategy’ in March this year. This new initiative is also highly relevant to the urban mobility package as a larger proportion of serious injuries occur in urban areas and involves vulnerable road users.
The European Commission is planning to present an urban mobility package in late 2013. The White Paper included these possibilities within its list of initiatives: to establish procedures and financial support mechanisms at European level for preparing Urban Mobility Audits, as well as Urban Mobility Plans, and set up a European Urban Mobility Scoreboard based on common targets. ETSC’s expectations of the European Commission’s upcoming urban mobility package is that it will lay out measures that will contribute to reducing road deaths by 50% by 2020 in urban areas.
Transport safety should be considered as an essential component of sustainable mobility and mobility planning. In attempting to secure change in urban mobility patterns, road safety can be regarded as a critical challenge, largely because of the social and economic cost of road collisions. As such, safety should be tackled at all levels of mobility planning. Real and perceived safety can have a profound effect on modal choice especially in terms of the most sustainable modes of travel – walking and cycling and ability to access public transport. ETSC strongly recommends that safety should be integrated not only into the development of Urban Mobility Plans but also into proposed Urban Mobility Audits and Guidelines and be reflected in common targets.Download


On June 27, we talk about PTSD, a complex disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing trauma. The trauma necessary to cause PTSD can originate from many events — potentially an accident, combat, a natural disaster, or an assault — but there are other ways PTSD symptoms can arise. A trained professional must diagnose PTSD, based on symptoms like hypervigilance, mood swings, recurring and involuntary flashbacks to the trauma, and avoidance. The National Center for PTSD declared all of June to be PTSD Awareness month — you can help their campaign by educating yourself and others about the illness, and sharing help with those who might need it.
History of National PTSD Awareness Day
PTSD in some form or another has long been documented in humans. The earliest known literature about the disorder is a poem from 50 BC. Hippocrates narrated a traumatic battle experience about a soldier who was haunted by PTSD-like combat flashbacks. PTSD has consistently been mentioned since then, notably during the Hundred Year’s War between England and France, and even in the literature of Shakespeare — including Romeo and Juliet.
A new understanding of PTSD came with the Civil War in the 1800s, as the disorder became widespread in the traumatized country. PTSD was known under a variety of names, including “railway spine.” It was in 1915 that some understanding of PTSD was formally introduced into medical literature, under the name “shell shock.”
World War 1 threw the disease into the spotlight, and rudimentary treatments, like electric shock therapy, were attempted. It wasn’t until the 1950s that more modern treatments, like group therapy, were introduced.
The Vietnam War issued in, yet again, a new understanding of the disorder. This coincided with research done by psychologists on both Holocaust victims and rape victims, which helped prove that many kinds of trauma can lead to PTSD.
Today, it’s considered largely treatable, so we’ve made a lot of progress. The Senate recognized June 27 as National PTSD Awareness Day at the urging of Senator Kent Conrad. Conrad wanted to honor a North Dakota National Guard member who had committed suicide after two tours of duty in Iraq. In 2014, the entire month of June was designated National PTSD Awareness Month by the Senate.


نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا دانشگاه گلستان
2 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
عنوان مقاله [English]
Changes in river flow in lake and wetland levels, and climate change depends primarily on changes in the volume and timing of precipitation, falls as snow or rain. Changes in evaporation also affect river flows. Several scientific studies have been done and published in scientific journals for the potential effects of climate change on river flows, and many more studies have been presented in internal reports. Studies are heavily focused towards Europe, North America and Australasia, with a small number of studies from Asia (Bates et al2008).Thus, their water flow regimes have more coincidence with rainfall pattern.In addition discharge of these rivers have some irregular fluctuations in past years duration, but it seems they have regular trend. Usually defined "trend" changes slowly, steady and long-term average values. The aims of this research understand the effect of climate change on discharge of major Iranian river of the Caspian Sea basin. Many studies have been done so far in connection with climate change and water resource in different areas of the world. IPCC reports are one of the most important projects related in climate change and water resources.


The ruins of St. Patrick’s Church are situated at the end of High Street, which is close to the centre of Wexford Town. Its surrounding graveyard, which is bounded with the town wall, holds the bodies of the victims of Cromwell’s sacking of the town in October of 1649. The grounds also act as the resting place for many of those that were killed during the 1798 Rebellion.
The church dates back to medieval times and it is one of the earliest-surviving and best preserved Christian ecclesiastical sites in the town. The parish that it belonged to was one of the five parishes that existed inside the walls of Norse-Irish town of Wexford. At the time, it was common for Norse towns to have a complex parish system, with multiple parishes existing within a relatively small area. Although the year of its establishment is unknown, it does pre-date the Norman invasion of Ireland, which occurred in 1169.
It is interesting to note that St. Patrick’s Church is the resting place for the head of John Henry Colclough, who was an Irish revolutionary that was executed on the 28th of June, 1798. During his attempt to flee to France, Colclough and his wife were betrayed by a local farmer on the Saltee Islands. After their arrest, they were returned to Wexford Town and hanged on Wexford Bridge. Afterwards, their heads were displayed on pikes. During the night, a group of nationalists managed to recover Colclough’s head and bring it to the grounds of St. Patrick’s Church. His body was never found.
In the vicinity of the church, exists a clay rampart, which is a defensive structure that was built to help defend against Oliver Cromwell’s cannons in 1649.
Although the gates of the church are closed, you will be able to catch a glimpse of the ruins of the church, as well as the scattered gravestones that surround it. The entrance is located at the end of High Street, near the top of Allen Street and Patrick’s Lane. A car park exists beside Keyser’s Lane, although it should be noted that this particular car park can be extremely busy, depending on the time and the day of the week (it is right beside the town centre, which makes it an extremely popular place to park).


Alice Kettle, Professor of Textile Arts at Manchester School of Art, introduces the Thread Bearing Witness project, an art project which uses stitch and textile art to learn from, and express solidarity with, displaced people:
Textiles offers a powerful medium through which to explore themes of cultural heritage, journeys and displacement. Embroidery is often regarded as a domestic, familial practice of home-making, steeped in the history of trade routes with its global connections to production and pattern. It is both a common language in process and imagery but equally distinct in its production and iconography. It is ubiquitous and familiar, we all own and wear textiles. The migration of textiles and its patterns are bound into our global and local histories. Indeed textile migrates where people cannot.
The Thread Bearing Witness project uses stitched textiles as a powerful medium to bring together refugee voices and give them expression. The project was conceived with the Dunkirk Legal Support Team through Tamsin Koumis, my daughter. It drew upon the lived experience to work with those who were in the Dunkirk camp as refugees, those volunteering in the team, and with those given asylum in the UK through the Dunkirk Legal Support team. The project extended to work with multiple refugee groups in the UK and oversea and in other refugee camps including Pikpa, Lesvos Solidarity Greece and the Jungle, Calais, France.
We used stitch to learn about refugees and asylum seekers, in recognition of their individuality, their immense value to our community and in celebration of each individual’s unique strengths. The project evolves as we connect with others. We are running online sewing groups, run by refugees and working collaboratively to make textile works together. Stitch allows us to have a one world view, one that is richly embroidered, interconnected and rooted in home making and belonging.
Find out more about the project by visiting www.threadbearingwitness.com
Within the Making Home Away archive, you can read about two Syrian refugee women - Amira and Tuba - who used textiles and soft furnishings as part of their efforts to make their living spaces in refugee camps in Jordan more homely.


The call of the western chorus frog, may be heard in spring or after a rainfall in many parts of Minnesota. If you track it to its source you will find a small, dark frog.
Although it is small and hard to see, if you listen, you can hear it calling in a variety of habitats including shallow wetlands in farm fields, woodlands or in the cities.
General description: The western chorus frog is among Minnesota's smallest frogs.
Length: It is commonly 3/4 inch to 1-1/2 inches long.
Color: Skin color ranges from tan to shades of gray or red. Three dark stripes extend from the head down the back and an additional line runs through the eye. A white line extends along the upper lip.
Sounds: The call of the western chorus frog is a rising creeee that sounds like a fingernail being dragged across a comb.
Western chorus frogs begin breeding in March and April. Females attach clumps of up to 100 eggs to vegetation. The eggs hatch within 18 days, depending on water temperature. The tadpoles turn into frogs within 90 days after hatching.
Small insects and spiders are the primary prey of adults. Tadpoles eat mainly algae.
Wading birds, fish, snakes and raccoons.
Habitat and range
Western chorus frogs are found throughout Minnesota. They like open habitats such as wetlands and fields near trees, but they can also live in cities. These frogs breed in shallow water such as temporary wetlands and ditches. They overwinter under rocks and logs near their breeding ponds.
The western chorus frog and boreal chorus frog are described as two individual species in some references, and as subspecies in others. Their individual ranges in the state are not clearly known.
Breeding habitat: Temporary shallow ponds, flooded fields, river backwaters, lake edges, and roadside ditches.
Summer habitat: Associated with a variety of habitats, including urban environments, but often found in grasslands or forest edges.
Winter habitat: Terrestrial.
Population and management
Western chorus frogs have no special status in Minnesota.
The western chorus frog is Minnesota's smallest frog. The world's largest frog, the giant frog of Africa, can grow to be almost 12 inches long.


Phase 1 of this study intends to leverage advances in laser optical trapping technology in order to study the feasibility of a system that could remotely capture a quantity of particulates over a period of time. These particulates would be delivered to instruments on a spacecraft or lander for continual analysis. Therefore, instead of recording data from one pass of an orbiter or being at the mercy of a solid sample inlet, scientists could choose their targets over a wider range, bringing significantly more value to planetary missions.More »
Our tractor beam research will focus on understanding and optimizing its ability to gently capture difficult targets such as these where other technologies currently available may prove to damaging to the targets. Adding a tractor beam system that could continuously, carefully, and remotely capture particles over a long distance could enhance the science goals and reduce the risk (driving down costs), which would therefore increase the value of all of these missions.More »
|Organizations Performing Work||Role||Type||Location|
|Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)||Lead Organization||NASA Center||Greenbelt, Maryland|
|American University||Supporting Organization||Academia||Washington, District of Columbia|
|SRI International||Supporting Organization||Industry||Menlo Park, California|
This is a historic project that was completed before the creation of TechPort on October 1, 2012. Available data has been included. This record may contain less data than currently active projects.


A research team led by Professor Stephen Wroe of the University of New England is describing why Neanderthals had such distinctively shaped skulls. The experts have determined that a protruding face with large nostrils enabled Neanderthals to adapt to cold weather and helped them breathe in more air when they were exerting themselves.
The researchers digitally reconstructed Neanderthal skulls using five European specimens and simulated a wide range of modern human skulls for comparison. The scientists concluded that protruding skulls helped Neanderthals survive the extreme cold climate of the Ice Age.
“Neanderthal nasal passage morphology may represent an adaptation to cold that improves conditioning of inspired air, albeit a less efficient solution to that found in modern humans,” wrote the study authors.
“Our results further suggest that the Neanderthal capacity to move greater air volumes may also represent an adaptation to cold, insofar as it could support a cold climate physiology.”
The experts speculated that the bigger nostrils found in Neanderthal skulls would have helped them breathe air in and out more quickly when they were running and hunting. In addition, the large nasal passages would have allowed them to warm and humidify cold, dry air before it entered into their lungs.
“An alternative, not mutually exclusive explanation, is that this ability reflects an adaptation to a more strenuous, energetically demanding lifestyle demanding high caloric intakes,” said the researchers.
Many scientists had previously concluded that the unique design of Neanderthal skulls allowed them to use their front teeth more aggressively. The current study found, however, that the protruding face of Neanderthals was not an ideal shape for heavy biting with the front teeth.
The study is published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
By Chrissy Sexton, Earth.com Staff Writer
Image Credit: Natural History Museum, Lond


In general, the roof will keep its appearance clean due to precipitation, but, nevertheless, it is recommended to be cleaned in depth, once a year, in order to remove any deposits of leaves, dirt or other impurities that build up in time. Also, the drainage system (which is part of the roof!) requires special attention. If gutters and downspouts are clogged with debris, corrosion and water infiltration may occur, causing other problems in turn.
There are roofing materials that require only this minimal annual maintenance (e.g. metal), while others require a little more effort. Ceramic tiles, for example, are prone to be affected by vegetation growth. Algae spores are airborne and spread from roof to roof, feeding on crushed lime particles from tiles. This inevitably leads to their weakening and deterioration. In addition, roof vegetation retains moisture longer, which can create an environment for mold and bacteria that can spread on the walls of the building or on the interior structure of the roof.
The surface of such a roof prone to vegetation growth must be cleaned periodically, with the help of special substances that destroy algae and moss without affecting the cover materials or the vegetation around the house. Chemicals should be avoided or, in the worst case, left only in the hands of CCR Roofing specialists who know the appropriate dosages and the necessary protective measures.


New bee species found thriving in former Arctic nuke site - study
A species of bee has been discovered that is miraculously capable of surviving in the high arctic region where the Soviet Union once tested nuclear weapons for decades, according to a new study.
The ‘Bombus glacialis’ species lives on the archipelago of Novaya Zemlya, which the Soviet Union closed off decades ago to carry out scores of nuclear tests. While previously considered to be a subspecies of the B. polaris - one of the only other arctic bee types in the world - a recent study published in Polar Biology confirmed B. glacialis to be its own species.
READ MORE: What’s killing the world’s bees? New study claims a surprising culprit
Specimens of the bees were often collected by explorers who visited the island in the early 20th century, and are now preserved in natural history museums. Their existence, however, could be evidence of something much bigger.
The presence of B. glacialis is “a possible sign of the unexpected Lost World in the High Arctic,” according to Ivan Bolotov, the lead investigator of the research team that identified the species through genetic analysis.
Vandals destroyed dozens of beehives in #Iowa, killing at least 500,000 bees https://t.co/rWKOXxwIus— RT (@RT_com) January 1, 2018
While it seems implausible, at best, that any bee could survive in the arctic, Bolotov suggests that these bees have been evolving separately to their bee brethren, possibly as far back as 25,000 years ago. Bolotov and his team believe even when the world was covered in ice sheets, a small number of plants and animals lived.
“If this hypothesis is really true and the bee is endemic to the island, this pattern will be the the first reliable sign that confirms the existence of the Ice Lost World … the first known ancient evolutionary hotspot on an Arctic Ocean island,” Bolotov says.
Overall, the findings suggest that the Arctic Ocean archipelagos could serve as a refuge for bees currently “on the brink of extinction due to climate warming.”


At Oak View, the intent of teaching PE is to give the children the tools to take part in a range of physical activity and school sport to make a positive impact on their own physical health and wellbeing. We encourage a wide range of sporting and physical skills and opportunities to help support fitness and life choices. PE can challenge and promote self-esteem through the development of physical confidence and problem solving.
There is a wide range of sport types that are embedded into our lessons. These include:
- Invasion games
- Gymnastics & Dance
- Outdoor and Adventurous activities
- Fielding/Striking games
These lessons are led by a mix of specialist coaches and teachers who use each lesson to build upon and develop skills.
Children are given wider opportunities to build character and embed values through regular teamwork activities, intra house and inter competitions. Sports Premium Funding is used to increase physical competency of children and also provides staff with resources and high-quality equipment. Children are provided with their full entitlement to Physical Education.
We believe that the competition element of sport is an important life experience for children and try to ensure that pupils get the opportunity to represent the school in various competitions. Oak View are part of the School Games which set up a wide range of inter – school competitions around the Welwyn and Hatfield area, including links with Primary and Secondary schools.
Pupil Voice and end of year assessments demonstrate evidence of children’s progress. Regular verbal feedback is given within lessons to praise and ensure children are applying the correct technique. Children have an understanding of their own learning and support peers to continue to improve and excel. The children understand the impact of Physical activity on their own body (this is also linked to science topics).
- PE Curriculum Map (440.32KB)


The Ajanta and Ellora caves are famed for being intricately detailed works of art documenting history. Most prehistoric art found in caves and on rocks is vague and faded over with ancient symbols that we might never find out the meanings of, but some of these discoveries have been monumental in human history and evolution. While many scientists and archaeologists had long-held Eurocentric views about the birth of human creativity, some of the arts found in Egypt and Indonesia challenge those notions. Meanwhile, here is a roundup of some of the most exciting pieces of prehistoric cave art.
Bhimbetka Rock Shelters, India- Any sort of prehistoric discovery in India shouldn’t surprise you as the country is widely believed to be one of the five ancient seats of civilizations in the old world. The Bhimbetka shelters comprise a collection of rocks located in central India. These rock caves or shelters contain over 600 paintings that span the prehistoric Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, the oldest of which dates back to at least 12,000 years. These paintings include an array of animals like crocodiles, tigers and lions, along with depictions of the lives of ancient cave people
Lascaux, France- Prehistoric paintings depicting bulls, horses and abstract symbols were discovered in a series of caves in the Dordogne region of France in 1940. The site is now off-limits to the general public and is only accessible by some scientists each year for research.
Kakadu, Australia- The paintings found in Kakadu date back as many as 20,000 years ago and contain one of the longest historical records of the Aboriginal people of northern Australia. The rock art of Kakadu, which the UN recognizes as a World Heritage Site, depicts the now-extinct marsupial tapir, human figures and obscure symbols.
Magura Cave, Bulgaria- The paintings in Bulgaria’s Magura cave date back to different periods, from Upper Paleolithic to the early Bronze Age. Scientists believe that they were made using bat droppings. These ancient paintings depict human figures, animals, and the oldest solar calendar in Europe.
Northern Sinai Desert, Egypt- Another one of the big five of the old world, Egypt’s Sinai Desert is the most recent site of discovery in the country, where a cave, adorned with unique engravings of animals has been unearthed. The Sinai Desert spans the length of the Suez Canal till the Israeli border and was exploited by the Ancient Egyptians for its wealth of minerals.


Architects for Change — OUR STORY
More than half the world’s population now lives in cities, and that figure will go to about two thirds of humanity by the year 2050.
Cities are facing extreme growth in population, they are the hubs for culture, business, and life. This growth is creating environmental problems, social segregation, and extreme poverty. If we want to solve these problems and envision a sustainable world, we must think about the critical role architects and designers play in the process.
Architects and designers play a critical role in achieving this vision of a better future for our communities — safe, inclusive, and sustainable communities. They must reflect on their social responsibility, by getting involved in advocating and designing public housing, upgrading slum settlements, heritage preservation, designing public transportation systems, designing green and public spaces, and including people in their design decisions.
Unfortunately, there is a big gap between the current educational system at architecture and design schools and the cultivation of the social responsibility. Due to a rigid curriculum, young people don’t get the opportunity to engage in solving real critical problems while in college.
At Architects for Change, we believe architects and designers must get involved, at an early stage, in solving the environmental, social, and urban problems of their communities.
Architects build Communities not only buildings
At Architects for Change, we believe in the power of architects and designers in building and empowering communities. Our solution is a youth-led platform that empowers and inspires young creatives (architects, designers, and artists) to become catalysts of change through design and socio-cultural practices, by getting engaged in extra-curricular education, community engagement, and collaboration.


Closely related to XPath is the XML Pointer Language (XPointer). It uses XPath expressions to find points inside external parsed entities, as an extension to uniform resource identifiers (URIs). It could be used, for example, to create a link from one document to an element inside any other.
Originally designed as a component of the XML Linking Language (XLink), XPointer has become an important fragment identifier syntax in its own right. The XPointer Framework became a recommendation in 2003 along with the XPointer element( ) Scheme (allowing basic addressing of elements) and the XPointer xmlns( ) Scheme (incorporating namespaces). The xpointer( ) scheme itself is stuck at Working Draft, getting no further development.
An XPointer instance, which I’ll just call an
xpointer, works much like the fragment identifier
in HTML (the part of a URL you sometimes see on the right side of a hash
symbol). It’s much more versatile than HTML’s mechanism, however, as it
can refer to any element or point inside text, not just to an anchor
<a name="..."/>). By
virtue of XPath, it has a few advantages over HTML fragment
You can create a link to the target element itself, rather than to a proxy element (e.g.,
You don’t need to have anchors in the target document. You’re free to link to any region in any document, whether the author knows about it or not.
The XPath language is flexible enough to reach any node in the target document.
XPointer actually goes ...
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Avoid distractions while driving; save a life
Editor, the Gazette:
April is Distracted Driving Awareness Month and the Ross County Health District and its Safe Communities Program would like to ask every driver in Chillicothe and Ross County to do something we know you can do: drive safe, not distracted.
More and more accidents each year are caused by distracted drivers. Texting and talking on a cell phone is often the distraction, but eating, drinking, putting on make-up, tuning the radio, or simply being preoccupied with your passengers are also distractions.
We’d also like to remind drivers who are under the age of eighteen - and their parents - that it is against the law to use your cell phone while you’re driving. If you need to make a call or send a text, pull over. Cell phone use can also lead to citations for adult drivers if they are pulled over for another offense.
Every driver should be considerate and respectful of others, and understand that their driving behaviors put not only their own life at risk, but also the lives of everyone around them. When it comes to distracted driving there may not be a second chance.
Ross County Safe Communities wants to see all drivers arrive safely at their destination; not in an accident and not pulled over on their way.
Ross County Safe Communities


The American College Health Association (ACHA) is deeply committed to building equitable systems that advance the well-being of our campus communities and the nation’s 19 million college students. As an organization promoting healthy individuals, ACHA values social justice, human dignity, and respect for all. These values shape our mission and drive us to recognize the enduring presence of Indigenous people and their traditional territories in our everyday lives. ACHA acknowledges that its office space, conference sites, and member institutions are located on Indigenous lands. We encourage our members to recognize the Indigenous lands of their campuses as well.
ACHA headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland, is located on the ancestral lands of the Nacotchtank (Anacostan) people. Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, DC share borders along the Anacostia and Potomac Rivers. These river systems are where the Nacotchtank and other tribes once thrived. After the arrival of Europeans, the Indigenous population of the area was ravaged by war and new diseases brought by colonizers. Many survivors were forcibly removed from their ancestral lands and joined other tribes; others were sold into slavery by the colonizers. Today, there are no living Nacotchtank. Their surviving members were adopted into the Piscataway people, losing their original identity and descendancy. The Indigenous people who reside in the Washington, DC area today continue to battle for recognition of their descendant communities.
ACHA encourages its members to visit the websites below to learn more about current Indigenous tribes in the greater Washington, DC area and beyond:
We also encourage visitors to the Washington, DC region to visit the following places to learn more about the area’s and the nation’s historic and current Indigenous populations:
Thank you to the American Library Association (ALA) and the American Indian Library Association (AILA) which provided the overview that informed the text and resources listed above. Content used by permission of the American Library Association, Office for Diversity, Literacy and Outreach Services. Thank you to Native Land Digital, whose resources and interactive mapping tool help illustrate and identify Indigenous lands.


Ciappo dei Ceci
One of the most ancient rock carvings in Finale
The territory of Finale preserves wide open rock surfaces that are characterised by numerous rock carvings that were made over a long period of time, between the Metal ages (3rd -1st millennium BCE) and the 19th century CE. In the local dialect the large stone slabs with graffiti are called “ciappi”.
“Ciappo dei Ceci” is formed by a slab of limestone and is located on the Bric Spaventaggi. On the surface, spread for around over 300mq, one can see crosses carved into the rock, modern writing and channel systems that link basins, a real rudimentary system to collect rain water so to give the animals water and to attract them to hunt them.
MORE INFORMATION – Ciappo dei Ceci
These numerous carvings, similar to the ones that are further north on Ciappo delle Conche, testify an intense frequentation of the area starting from the prehistoric period. The site is divided into two close but distinct complexes, called A and B. The first complex is the biggest one, close to San Bernardino, and it has channels and basins running along it. The most important carving is that of a cross. Area B is smaller and has a basin with three channels placed in a V shape and an interesting figure in a dynamic pose.
Ciappu dei Ceci preserves archaeological evidences attributable to “artistic” manifestations (rock carvings) referable to a wide chronological timeframe, of which some of the most ancient attestations of this kind in the region for the Metal ages (3rd-1st millennium B.C.). Other carvings can be dated to other historic phases (medieval and modern age).
In some parts of the area, covered by plants, there could still be graffiti that still have to be documented.
HOW TO REACH
CIAPPO DEI CECI
How to reach the site
The site can be reached by bike or on foot. It is forbidden to walk or cycle over the surface of the rock.
Orario di Visita
Calendario delle visite


In 2009, the digital and virtual currency known as Bitcoin was established. It serves as a means of exchange and a repository of value. But because of no monetary or physical value, it differs from other currencies.
The First Cryptocurrency is Called Bitcoin, and It Is Quite Significant.
The first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, is crucial because it enables simple money transfers between users without the need for more established channels like banks. Bitcoin also has many advantages for the economy, including lowering financial crime and facilitating quicker and easier transactions.
Bitcoin is widely used in online trade, and it has so far been extremely successful. For instance, two entrepreneurs who wanted to increase the speed and efficiency of bitcoin transactions founded Coinbase, one of the biggest bitcoin exchanges.
Complex cryptographic techniques are used to construct Bitcoin, which is then introduced as a currency to the world economy.
A virtual currency called Bitcoin was developed in 2009. It is distinctive in that it does not use a type of currency that is authorized by a government, such as the US dollar or the Euro.
What You Can Do With Bitcoin.
Bitcoin was developed in 2009 under the name Satoshi Nakamoto by an unidentified person or group of individuals. Bitcoins are used to purchase things online and can also be used to buy food in local restaurants.


Host Country, Korea
Korea is situated on the Korean Peninsula, which spans 1,100 kilometers north to south. The Korean Peninsula lies on the north-eastern section of the Asian continent, where the oceans to east of Korean are joined by the western-most parts of the Pacific. The peninsula shares its northern border with China and Russia. To the east is the East Sea, beyond which neighboring Japan lies. To the west is the Yellow Sea. In addition to its mainland, Korea includes some 3,200 islands. Mountains cover 70% of Korea’s land mass, making it one of the most mountainous regions in the world. South Korea’s 99,500sq.km is populated by 47.9 million people. Administratively, the Republic of Korea consists of nine provinces. To know more about Korea, please click here.
Host City, Seoul
Located to the west of the central region of the Korean Peninsula, Seoul, the capital city of the Republic of Korea, has been the center of the country in its long history from the prehistoric era to the present day. Now in its 600th year of official history, Seoul is a city where Korea’s traditional and modern cultures coexist. The city lies in a natural basin, surrounded by a series of mountains and hills, and its grandeur and magnificent scenic beauty makes it one of the most attractive metropolitan cities of the world. Aside from bustling pace of life and modern architecture, a number of invaluable cultural assets in Seoul take pride in its long history. The Jongmyo Shrine and Changdeok Palace have been added to UNESCO’s list of cultural heritage. For more information, please click here.
High level of Public Security and Infrastructure
Seoul is one of the safest places in the world for foreign travelers, with low levels of crime, cutting-edge medical facilities and capable police and security authorities
hanbok (traditional clothing), hanok (traditional Korean houses), hanji (traditional Korean paper), as well as Korean music. In Korea , the aforementioned six cultural symbols are collectively referred to as “Han Style”. Similar in nature to Japan , as represented by the kimono (traditional dress), sushi (rice rolls), and samurai (warriors in Japanese history), the image of Korea is based on its own unique traditions including hanbok, kimchi, hangeul, hanji, hanok, and Korean music.
For more information


About the Session On Biodiversity Loss, Climate, and People
We are losing biodiversity at unprecedented rates. The current climate trajectory puts us closer and closer to critical ecosystem tipping points, negatively impacting human well-being. Maintenance and restoration of this loss are key for our ability to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change; however, attention should be placed on how to do so without threatening our planetary health. We thus need to address biodiversity loss and climate change mitigation in tandem – for example, through ecosystem restoration policies and practices.
On the virtual stage of the World Biodiversity Forum, this event saw panelists discuss what concerted actions are necessary to halt biodiversity loss, reverse ecosystem degradation, combat climate change, and secure human well-being. They also discussed nature-based solutions that could play a key role in ecosystem restoration.
UN Sustainable Development Goals Addressed
Call to Action
It is imperative for the private and public sector, youth, and indigenous populations to come together to be a part of the conversation to educate and be educated on the concepts and safeguards of nature-based solutions to prevent the incorrect branding of initiatives under nature-based restoration solutions and to share knowledge on the topic of living in harmony with nature. For change to happen, the focus must be shifted away from the mere planting of trees and removal of carbon emissions and towards involving nature in our practices, implementing nature-based solutions that will boost nature, not create it.
- Prof Carlos Joly, State University of Campinas
- Dr. Cornelia Krug, World Biodiversity Forum, University of Zurich
- Ms. Mirna Fernandez, Global Youth Biodiversity Network
- Dr. Lera Miles, UNEP-WCMC
- Prof Jean Paul Metzger, University of Sao Paulo, BPBES
- Mr Frans Schepers, Rewilding Europe
- Dr. Piero Visconti, IIASA
Be sure to check out our previous session in the Forum for further insight: https://naturexdesign.tealeaves.com/governance-for-biodiversity/


Modern climate tracking and water flow records go back only 100 years, but to prepare for the worse, scientists and policy makers alike need to understand how the weather was like in the world many more years prior. A solution is to study the tree rings of certain tree species which bear telltale signs of water levels hundreds of years past, as Brigham Young University professor Matthew Bekker suggests.
Bekker analyzed rings from drought-sensitive tree species and remarkably found that the worst drought of this century barely makes the top 10 of a study that extended Utah’s climate record back to the year 1429. Here are some conclusions Bekker could gather simply by closely following tree rings, whose thickness is directly dependent on water intake at the time, using only simple tools like sandpaper and a microscope:
– Long droughts: The year 1703 kicked off 16 years in a row with below average stream flow.
– Intense droughts: The Weber River flowed at just 13 percent of normal in 1580 and dropped below 20 percent in three other periods.
– Consecutive worst-case scenarios: The most severe drought in the record began in 1492, and four of the five worst droughts all happened during Christopher Columbus’ lifetime.
“We’re conservatively estimating the severity of these droughts that hit before the modern record, and we still see some that are kind of scary if they were to happen again,” said Bekker, a geography professor at BYU. “We would really have to change the way we do things here.”
This analysis which goes back more than 500 years tells us that the West was once subjected to drought fluctuations much more severe than anything we’ve seen in recent history. If this happened before, then it can certainly happen in the future. The real questions that remain to be answered is when these periods of severe drought might come again in the future, and what signs can scientists look for to forecast their coming.
“We’re trying to work with water managers to show the different flavors of droughts this region has had,” said Bekker. “These are scenarios you need to build into your models to know how to plan for the future.”
The findings were reported in the Journal of the American Water Resources Association.


French fries are a beloved fast food staple enjoyed by people all over the world, but where did this tasty treat originate and how has it evolved over time in America?
The history of French fries in America can be traced back to the early 19th century, when they were introduced to the country by Belgian immigrants. These early French fries were thin, crisp, and fried to perfection, and they quickly gained popularity in the United States.
In the decades that followed, French fries became a popular side dish at diners and fast food restaurants across the country. Today, they can be found at nearly every fast food chain and are enjoyed by people of all ages. There's even full restaurants dedicated to fries like Mr. Fries Man!
There are many different types of French fries available, each with its own unique twist. Some popular variations include waffle fries, curly fries, and shoestring fries. Some of the best have pastrami and cheese (like these from the Hat!). But what makes the perfect French fries?
The key to perfect French fries is in the frying process. The potatoes should be cut into even, thin slices and fried at a high temperature to create a crispy exterior and a soft, fluffy interior. Using high-quality oil and seasoning the fries with salt and other spices can also help elevate their flavor.
French fries are a beloved fast food staple with a long history in America. From their humble beginnings as a side dish at diners and fast food restaurants, they have become a beloved snack enjoyed by people of all ages. Whether you prefer classic thin and crispy fries or more unique variations like waffle fries, there is a type of French fry out there for everyone. So, the next time you enjoy a tasty serving of French fries, think about their rich history and the care that goes into making the perfect batch.


VIII.4.9. House of T. Mescinius Gelo
An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.
What was formerly a garden with a pool was converted into a large open area (a) by the demolition of some walls to the rear of the tablinium. Significant remnants of woolen and linen cloth were recovered from the area when it was excavated in 1860-1861 and this led Fiorelli to believe that the Stabian Baths just across the street used this area to wash clothes and dry them in the open.
- Breton, Pompeia, 3rd ed. p. 469 (worldcat)
- Fiorelli, Giornale degli scavi di Pompei (1861), pp. 103-104, 386 (worldcat)
- Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 4 (worldcat)
- Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 339 (worldcat)
- Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, pp. 212-213 (worldcat)
- Lugebil, Bullettino dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica (1861), p. 237 (worldcat)
- Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, “Descr. gen,” p. 67 (worldcat)
Wilhelmina Jashemski (https://lib.guides.umd.edu/c.php?g=326514&p=2193250)
21 Apr 2021


Slow living is a philosophy that has been discussed a lot in recent years. Slow living is a lifestyle with a focus on slower approaches to normal routines and aspects of everyday life. This philosophy has influenced many designers working today with an emphasis on creating "slow spaces". A slow space puts more emphasis on space rather than form. Like bodies, buildings have systems, bones, and skin. Interior decoration is equivalent to clothing; it is mutable and fashionable. The inside space represents the soul. It is the abstract feeling that is difficult to describe or photograph. Slowness is required to experience space. It is not promptly consumed, but once it is absorbed it is not easy to forget.
The approach of "less is better" was championed by Dieter Rams, one of the designers for Braun, in the latter part of the 20th century; and it’s all the more potent today. The problems of over-consumption, stress, exploitation, and waste can be addressed by putting more emphasis on quality rather than quantity. For us, it means designing fewer but high-quality and timeless buildings that will last for more than a 100 years.
Another characteristic of slow spaces is their holistic sensibility. We should view the systems and properties of life as wholes, instead of just a combination of parts. Architecture is different from a building in that it is a design of the whole, a space occupied and lived in. Rather than just the roof and walls, it incorporates the space, the materials, the feeling, the workers, the supply chain, and the impact on the environment.
In Slow spaces are enjoyable, feel calm, relaxed, comfortable, and happy. It could be your bedroom, a cozy cafe, the New York Public Library, or your church. Slow space is meaningful and deliberate, and is designed for you - and your experience. It speaks to your entire group of senses, including eyes, ears, nose, and skin, and leaves a permanent impression on your mind. It is a place to linger, inhabit, and experience, rather than just an object to look at or a place to pass through. Slow living expressed through the spaces we inhabit is the cure to our harried schedule and busy lives.


in Alphen aan den Rijn (South Holland)
Contents: Urban Center
The population development of Zwammerdam as well as related information and services (weather, Wikipedia, Google, images).
|Zwammerdam||Alphen aan den Rijn||1,710||1,740||1,705||1,880||→|
Source: Statistics Netherlands (web).
Explanation: The 2018 population of urban centers is computed by »City Population« using a 100m population grid and adapted boundaries of the 2011 urban centers. Single institutions are not listed. The map depicts the 2011 boundaries.
Further information about the population structure:
|Gender (E 2011)|
|Age Groups (E 2011)|
|Birth Country of Parents (E 2011)|


Copiapoa tenuissima - 10 seeds
Copiapoa tenuissima is a geophytic cactus arising from a large tuberose root that can slowly branch from the base to form small clumps. It differs from Copiapoa humilis for its smaller stems, and its taxonomic status is controversial. It is not clear whether it should be treated as a species or as some lower rank.
HOW TO GROW?
It is not too difficult in a greenhouse, although grows quite slowly. It is usually seen as a grafted plant but can grow on its own roots too. Soil: Use a mineral well permeable soil with little organic matter (peat, humus). Exposure: They need a good amount of light shade to full sun this help to keep the plants healthy, although slow growth. Watering: Water sparingly from March till October (weekly during summertime, if the weather is sunny enough), with a little fertilizer added. Less or no water during cold winter months, or when night temperatures remain below 50° F (10° C) to prevent root loss. It is sensitive to overwatering (rot prone). Fertilization: Feeding may not be necessary at all if the compost is fresh then, feed in summer only if the plant hasn't been repotted recently. Do not feed the plants from September onwards as this can cause lush growth which can be fatal during the darker cold months. Hardiness: Keep perfectly dry in winter at temperatures from 40° to 60° F (5 to 15 degrees centigrade). It is relatively cold resistant and hardy to 23° F (-5° C), or possibly colder for short periods. In the rest period no high atmospheric humidity!! (Temperature Zone: USDA 9-11).


Priory of Saint Catherine
Website: [ http://thepriory.art.blog]
Founded in A.S. LII, the Priory of Saint Catherine is a household composed of members who participate in various historical Arts & Sciences as well as Martial Activities in the SCA.
The Priory is involved in a variety of different research-based activities including:
- Historical clothing / sewing
- Historical headwear and accessories
- Thrown weapons
- Historical martial arts
- Calligraphy and illumination
- Sociocultural anthropology
- Italian Peninsula
- Translating primary source documentation
- Historical apothecaries
- Women’s lives
- Historical theatre and costuming
- Antler work & wirework
The Priory is named after a 4th-century Roman Catholic named Saint Catherine of Alexandria, one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and the patron of philosophers and scholars. According to legend she was an extremely learned young person of noble birth who protested the persecution of an early minority group and who was able to defeat the most eminent scholars summoned to oppose her. Sentenced to death for converting to Christianity, the spiked wheel by which she was to be killed broke when she touched it. She is a notable virgin martyr and St. Joan of Arc claimed that Catherine was among the heavenly voices that guided her.
On September 23, 2017 a group of friends met to form a household that included their apprentices and students, working together to decide on the name: The Priory of Saint Catherine. The Priory maintains a strong emphasis on arts & sciences, immersive camping, historical research, and being a safe space for all members. The Priory is widely known for arts and service as well as martial activities.


Compost Bins for Vegetable Gardens
A veggie garden without a composting system is like a mining operation – you are extracting nutrients from the veggies and soil without considering the future needs of the plants.
Composting takes the spent waste from your garden and, through a transformative process, returns the nutrients back into your garden, closing the recycling loop. Making compost is part of an integrated system of growing and recycling food, where different streams of waste material end up as food for hens, worm farms, rabbits or other small animals and eventually for us.
Think of your soil is a battery that stores carbon, water, minerals, and is a home for billions of soil micro-organisms. A rich soil full of composted organic matter will provide an abundance of available nutrients for your growing plants, so they can in turn provide an abundance of nutrient dense veggies for you.
Making compost is both a science and an art and entire books have been written on the topic, however it need not be onerous.
In general you need
Compost is made by layering materials such as dry weeds, spent plants, grass clippings, various manures, kitchen scraps, small tree cuttings and leaves, and then adding biodynamic compost balls and ensuring adequate moisture. Adding rock dusts to the heap is also beneficial. Check out how to make compost here.
A set of 3 compost bins is ideal for the average vegetable garden. You can be adding to one bin while the other two are 'cooking'. If you are on a Vital Veggies regular servicing plan, you simply assemble the materials ready for use and we'll make the compost for you.
Large, inexpensive plastic compost bins are available from garden centres. Alternatively you can make a set of compost bins yourself or have a composting bin system custom made by Vital Veggies.
Let's all start composting our kitchen and garden waste on site to recycle all those valuable nutrients back into our gardens. It's so easy once you get started…
Steel mesh compost bins
These compost bins are a simple and inexpensive design, comprising star posts and steel mesh.
Wooden compost bins
These wooden compost bins are visually appealing, especially if you've opted for wooden garden beds. Made of Tan-E treated pine they meet Australian Standards and are made to last.


I never imagined I was going to see something like this: A video of a star bursting in space, illuminating the interstellar dust around it at the speed of light. This is not a computer simulation. It's an actual time-lapse video taken over four years by the Hubble—and scientists don't know its origin yet.
The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has been observing the V838 Mon light echo since 2002. Each new observation of the light echo reveals a new and unique "thin-section" through the interstellar dust around the star. This video morphs images of the light echo from the Hubble taken at multiple times between 2002 and 2006. The numerous whorls and eddies in the interstellar dust are particularly noticeable. Possibly they have been produced by the effects of magnetic fields in the space between the stars.
V838 Monocerotis—in the constellation Monoceros, 20,000 light years away from Earth—suffered a sudden outburst in 2002, catching astronomers by surprise. The variable red star got so big that it became one of the largest stars ever observed, producing 600,000 times more light that the Sun.
Scientists thought it was a nova, but then they realized they were wrong. The origin of this spectacular outbursts—which illuminated the interstellar dust around it at the speed of light—is still unknown. These are the current theories:
- An atypical nova outbursts (this is very unlikely.)
- A thermal pulse of a dying star (the new pulse illuminates the layers of star material previously ejected its previous outbursts.)
- A thermonuclear event withing a massive supergiant (in which the helium in one of the layers of the massive star ignites and starts a fusion process.)
- A mergeburst (the burst caused by the merge of two main sequence stars.)
- A planetary capture event (in which the star has swallowed one of its giant gas planets.)


Popular Science magazine has named Aydogan Ozcan, an associate professor of electrical engineering and bioengineering at UCLA, one of the world’s “Brilliant 10” scientists in its October 2012 issue.
The magazine, which calls its annual list “a celebration of young researchers whose innovations will change the world,” recognized Ozcan for his groundbreaking imaging technology that turns everyday smart phones into powerful microscopes for use in medical diagnostics.
These compact, lightweight diagnostic tools have the potential to bring better health care and disease monitoring to impoverished and underserved areas of the globe.
“In many parts of the world, ailments are never even diagnosed,” the magazine noted. “Ozcan’s medical devices could fix that.”
Ozcan has also developed a Google Maps interface to geographically plot test results obtained by his cell phone microscopes, an advance that could be used to track the spread of various infectious diseases throughout the globe, the magazine said.
Ozcan’s research group at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science has developed a number of lens-less computational imaging technologies for use in a variety of applications, particularly in the field of telemedicine.
Ozcan, who joined UCLA’s faculty in 2007, has received several distinguished honors for his research, including a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE); a National Science Foundation CAREER Award; Early Career Achievement awards from the SPIE and the IEEE Photonics Society: Young Investigator awards from the Army Research Office and the Office of Naval Research; a National Geographic Emerging Explorer Award; and a National Institutes of Health Director’s New Innovator Award.
He is also a member of the California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA.
Past UCLA recipients of this prestigious international recognition from Popular Science include Terence Tao (mathematics) and Deborah Estrin (computer science).
For more on Ozcan’s research, visit his laboratory’s website at https://research.seas.ucla.edu/ozcan/ or https://biogames.ee.ucla.edu.


The proceeding before the ICTY led to the creation of records about the 1990s conflicts in the former Yugoslavia and they are useful sources of facts for historians in their writing of history, said Mire Mladenovski, history teacher from North Macedonia, in his keynote speech at the webinar titled How to implement the archives of the ICTY and other courts in history teaching.
The third webinar in the series De-weaponizing History, jointly organized by SENSE Transitional Justice Center and the Croatian Association of History Teachers, brought together some thirty history teachers from Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Montenegro.
Mladenovski, who serves as president of the North Macedonian Association of History Teachers and the European Association of History Teachers EUROCLIO ambassador, pointed out that history lessons in schools mostly deal with wars and peace as such, but tend to neglect important processes happening in between the two - signing agreements, building trust, making justice, achieving reconciliation, healing and eventually peace. "In our work with students we ought to focus on these processes of transitional justice. Teachers often say that they do not have time for that, but that opens opportunities for others to 'cover' the topic in their own way - and as a result we can see young people painting murals to war criminals."
SENSE broadcast its short film called History Lesson, showing various accused giving their arbitrary interpretations of events before the ICTY judges, followed by investigators and judges explaining that their mission was to create record about what happened, and that it is the responsibility of historians and the public to examine those records and define history.
"The truth about what happened is exhibited though the process of trial", commented Mladenovski.
Webinar participants discussed many challenges they face in teaching and writing history textbooks. Teachers in Serbia who participated at the seminar about the ICTY archives organized by the Mechanism for International Criminal Trials were fiercely criticized by Serbian tabloid press. Mladenovski, for his part, complained that history textbooks in his country have not been updated for 17 years. Bojana Duković Blagojević from Bosnia-Herzegovina pointed out that many teachers are not interested in innovating their teaching methods and making a distance from the official narratives. Very often their reluctance is the product of fear of losing their job.
Next webinar is to be held in spring 2022.


modern & foriegn language
Modern Languages comprises of French, Spanish and Italian at Brownsville College Ikoyi.
In French, students are introduced to a range of topics and grammar knowledge at Key Stage 3. This prepares them for the challenges of IGCSE at Key Stage 4. The French syllabus offers students the opportunity of studying the culture and the habits of another country; analysing extracts from magazines, newspapers, novels, websites, audio/visual CDs. They learn how to interpret information to improve upon their reading, writing, speaking and listening skills.
Some of the texts used at Key Stage 3 are:
Year 7– Equipe Nouvelle 1 and Equipe Nouvelle CM/A and workbook. Year 8 – Encore Tricolore 2, with CM/A.
Year 9 – Encore Tricolore 3, with CM/A.
Year 10 and Year 11 concentrate on the IGCSE syllabus specifications, preparing for skills in listening, oral, reading and writing.
In Year 11, the students sit IGCSE French. (CIE)
Yoruba is only taught in Years 7, 8 & 9. The department uses a variety of resources including‘Beginners Yoruba’ by Kayode Fakinlede, ‘Yoruba Modern Practical Dictionary’ by KayodeFakinlede and ‘Dictionary of the Yoruba Language’ by


It’s Not Just for Kids!
May 18, 2021
Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Nurse Practitioner Carrie Yamamoto, MSN, RN, ACNP, CCRN, from Northern Nevada Medical Group, shares tips on getting a good night’s sleep.
We have heard it time and again that creating a routine at bedtime supports getting a good night of sleep. Most of us likely do this for our children but may have not considered it for ourselves. If you find yourself waking up often during the night or struggling to fall asleep, start with an assessment of your bedtime routine.
Begin with establishing a calming routine that includes some of the following tips.
- As you settle for bed create a calming environment by meditating, praying, listening to light music, and keeping noise low.
- Avoid caffeine, alcohol, or smoking 1-2 hours before bedtime begins.
- Go to bed at the same time every night and wake up at the same time daily, including weekends.
- Check your bedroom temperature to ensure a cool surrounding that allows for peaceful sleep. It is recommended that your room be between 60 and 67 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Limit the use of electronics as part of the bedtime routine. If you must, play soft music or engage in a guided meditation.
- Ensure you have a comfortable and supportive mattress and pillow.
- Check your lighting and begin dimming bright lights or create a blackout environment when you climb into bed.
- Avoid napping. We all envy our children’s naps and the occasional nap is fine but consistent naps can disrupt a quality night’s sleep.
- Limit heavy meals or large snacks just before bedtime. Try eating 2-3 hours before bedtime begins.
- Low-impact exercise has proven to help sleep quality. Try walking, swimming, or yoga.
If you still find yourself waking up often or restless during sleep, contact a sleep specialist to discuss in further detail what could be causing your sleep patterns to be harmful.


May 4th, 5:00 PM CST
“But Algebra Isn’t the Same as Arithmetic! What Do I Do Now?”
Covered in This Session:
- Finding a solution if a curriculum is not working for your child…without just giving up
- Rethinking the public school approach to teaching math
- Making algebra work for students who struggle to understand its importance
Thomas Clark is an award-winning teacher and Mathematics author, with 50 years of teaching experience at all levels. As a result of all of his work, he is convinced that everyone has the ability to understand mathematics, and is now known as the “why” guy, speaking throughout the country on concept development, specifically specializing in Mathematics instruction for homeschooling families. In the last 24 years, he has focused on the development of multimedia programs that have successfully challenged traditional methods of instruction, specifically directing his attention toward helping all parents to become more effective homeschool instructors. He is the author of “Algebra: A Complete Course”, and “Geometry: A Complete Course”, and is president of VideoText Interactive, a company that specializes in bringing the textbook to life through technology. Currently, his materials are available in a print and DVD format, as well as in an online format, that can be accessed on computers, iPads, and iPhones.


Keeping up one’s grades throughout the school year can be a challenge, especially when it’s late winter and that early school year enthusiasm is wearing thin…however, our Academic Manager Ms. Blanca has some great study tips. Read on to find out how students can achieve success throughout the school year.
Tip number 1 is to get organized! Ms. Blanca advises students to make a plan for the tasks they need to complete and when they are going to get them done. By finding a clear schedule that works for them, students are more likely to stick to their goals.
suggests that students review material several days in advance in small chunks. Students should also plan to study the material in different ways. This article has great study methods students can use to be successful.
School success tip number three is for students to manage their workspace. Ms. Blanca says that finding a study spot away from television and other distractions will boost a students’ productivity.
Ms. Blanca’s next piece of wisdom is to ask questions. “You’re in school to learn, so don’t be afraid to do just that! Asking for help—from a teacher, a tutor, or your friends—is a great way to make sure you truly understand the material,” she encourages.
Last but not least, Ms. Blanca emphasizes the importance of sleep. Getting a good night’s rest will improve students’ working memory and sharpen their focus.
We are so lucky to have such knowledgeable, supportive staff members who help our students establish healthy habits and prepare for college and career. Share these tips with a student in your life so they can achieve success throughout the school year!


NEWS AND EVENTS
A safe and sustainable future in waste management in Riyadh city
Over the years, Riyadh has witnessed a monumental increase in population growth and urban density. This has brought forth certain environmental challenges, such as an increase in the amount of waste generated. The Royal Commission of Riyadh has prepared a comprehensive strategy to deal with this issue head on. To deal with the negative impact of landfilling, sustainable ways of managing waste were implemented and the Al-Dagham facility was established.
What’s the plan?
The waste facility of Al-Dagham lies outside Riyadh city where final treatment and disposal of solid, medical, industrial and commercial municipal waste and sludge takes place. This new site is about 75 kilometres from the city and spread across 20 million square metres. It was specially designed to treat waste of all kinds and keep pace with Riyadh’s increasing demands of waste disposal till 2045. The area is expected to be expanded later on.
The landfill also includes different operational areas for various types of wastes. After collecting and sorting the waste, each type is transferred to the designated for treatment. This process produces methane gas which is used to generate electrical energy.
In the recyclable material recovery unit, recycling containers are segregated as per their contents: paper, cardboard, astic, metal, glass and wood. Once processed, they are transported to different industries to be used as raw materials.
In the incineration unit, organic compounds are exposed to high temperatures which turns them into ash. This ash is used in construction while the gases produced are used to generate electricity. Similarly, hazardous waste and medical waste are also incinerated in their respective units to produce environment friendly ash.
Some types of medical waste use the Autoclave technology by pressing high pressure water vapours at high temperatures to kill infectious microbes. Microwave technology uses radiation to do the same and turn the waste into safe solid waste.
There is also a dedicated unit for automobiles and their damaged parts which converts them into raw materials, like extracting rubber from tires to be sold separately. The mechanical processing unit also recycles and treats waste to be used as raw material or generate fuel for energy production.
As this integrated waste management system works like a well-oiled machine, The Royal Commission of Riyadh hopes it will bring tremendous environmental health benefits to the city. After all, there’s nothing better than a clean and hygienic city.


The Dog ( or in Spanish El Perro or Perro Semihundido)is the name given to this painting by Francisco GOYA, in the Museo del Prado, Madrid
It shows the head of a small black dog with its snout lifted, its ears pulled back and its eyes looking up and towards the right. The dog itself is almost lost in the vastness of the rest of the image, which is empty except for a dark sloping area near the bottom of the picture. This represents an unidentifiable mass which conceals the animal’s body. It is an enigmatic painting, which is often seen a symbolic depiction of man’s futile struggle against malevolent forces.
The black mass around the dog might be quicksand, earth or some other material in which the dog is being buried. It has been struggling unsuccessfully to free itself, and now it can do nothing but look skywards hoping for an intervention that will never come. And the vast upper, dirty ochre sky intensifies the feeling of the dog’s isolation and the hopelessness of its situation.
Dove sei? – gli occhi urlavano muti –
Tendimi la mano
Strappami agli artigli del baratro.
Sempre al tuo fianco
Senza chiedere in cambio
Che una briciola di pane e d’affetto
Ora – ora io ho bisogno di te
Per non essere annientato.
Ma tu non hai pietà


English as an accelerated language: A call to action for reading teachers
The Reading Teacher
This article challenges reading teachers to use their rich literacy repertoires to make English an accelerated language for English-language learners in their classrooms. The introduction argues that educators must discard a remedial approach for second-language learners and afford more integrated, forward-looking experiences in order to enable English-language learners to build on their first-language strengths and be successful in English-speaking classrooms. Effective reading teachers are able to offer comprehensible and comprehensive language instruction in rich reading and writing contexts. This article uses the example of one first grader to exemplify how inferior literacy instruction can be transformed to facilitate both language and literacy development. The author synthesizes several areas of research to provide a list of recommended practices that, when combined as instructional components, can expedite student progress. Reading teachers are encouraged to offer these best practices, enhanced by insights on second-language learning needs, to the English-language learners in regular classrooms.
Mohr, K. A. J. (2004). English as an accelerated language: A call to action for reading teachers, The Reading Teacher, 58, 18-26.


Students in our Confined Space Rescue Team Leader class (May 3-7, Sahuarita, Arizona) learn that a descender (like the Petzl I'D or CMC Clutch) is essential for mainline raising and lowering operations. The ability to grab and release rope under control (when lowering) and then act as a pulley (when raising) provides teams with an effective tool to conduct technical rope operations.
For decades, the Petzl I'D has been one of the most common descenders and we have used it extensively in class. But there are several others out there as well. In addition to the MPD, CMC Rescue recently introduced the Clutch. In our upcoming Confined Space Rescue Team Leader class, we will test this device (and others) so students can determine if the additional cost it provides a substantial benefit to their team.
One of the key advantages promised by CMC is reduced friction when the device is being as a pulley. Users of the I'D know that when used as a pulley, there are considerable losses. CMC claims that the Clutch can reduce this friction by about 12% over the typical descender, and the Clutch would provide about 7% more friction when compared with a typical pulley.
Knowing what equipment is available, how it can be best used, and what other options there are to accomplish the same goal is essential for a rescue team leader. At D2000 Safety we look forward to helping our students achieve that learning outcome along with the many others needed for success.


In resolution A/RES/73/234, adopted on 20 December 2018, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) decided “to convene a summit on biodiversity at the level of Heads of State and Government, within existing resources,” ahead of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP 15), “in order to highlight the urgency of action at the highest levels in support of a post-2020 global biodiversity framework that contributes to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and places the global community on a path towards realizing the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity”.
The Summit will seek to provide political direction and momentum to the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.
The UN's website for the Summit notes that the theme of the event is 'Urgent action on biodiversity for sustainable development'. It notes that, in addition to the originally envisioned focus and purpose of the Summit, “the COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the importance of the relationship between people and nature…. An investment in the health of our planet is an investment in our own future.”
The Summit will take place as part of the UN's high-level week, on the margins of the UN General Assembly's 75th general debate, on 30 September 2020. Previously, resolution 74/269, adopted on 31 March 2020, had called for the Summit on Biodiversity to take place from 22-23 September 2020. It was rescheduled as part of the readjustment of the calendar of high-level meetings in light of COVID-19 and restrictions on in-person meetings.
The Summit will consist of an opening segment, a plenary segment for general discussion, two leaders dialogues and a brief closing segment and that the overall theme of the summit will be “Urgent action on biodiversity for sustainable development”. The leaders dialogues will address: biodiversity loss and mainstreaming biodiversity for sustainable development; and harnessing science, technology and innovation, capacity-building, access and benefit-sharing, financing and partnerships for biodiversity.
The concept note and summit programme were issued on 10 August 2020.
date: 30 September 2020
venue: UN Headquarters


Pause & Reflect
By Carola Lang-Howard
Never before has it been more important that our next generation receives sustainability education to connect with nature to understand the interconnectedness between all things. To not only learn to live with nature, but to be equal with nature, respect it and stop taking from it. How do we then make this happen when half of the world’s curricula make no reference to climate change?
We have to create awareness. For instance, if we look at our Oceans, most of us are aware that it covers three quarters of the Earth’s surface. It provides more than 50% of the oxygen that we breathe – every second breath we take comes from the ocean. It also absorbs 30% of the carbon dioxide produced by humans, and more.
Plastic pollution now permeates every part of the globe, and could be a key factor in the declaration of the Anthropocene – K. Pavid
The Ocean is the lifeblood of our planet and without a healthy Ocean, humanity will be in jeopardy.
In addition to creating awareness about climate change, we need to create action. As the saying goes, we need to walk the talk if we want to work towards a future where both humans and nature will thrive. “We then become witness of the development of the human soul; the emergence of the New Man, who will no longer be the victim of events, but thanks to his clarity of vision, will become able to direct and to mould the future of mankind.” Maria Montessori, the Absorbent Mind.
Join us on the 21st of June in a conversation between practitioners that are doing their best in creating awareness about Climate Change in their classrooms, to work towards a more sustainable future. And, meet students that will share their thoughts with us. Register now.
Maria Montessori – The Absorbent Mind
UNESCO – United Nations climate change series of webinars
Natural History Museum – https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-the-anthropocene.html
Sweden Sverige – promotional video: EverySecondBreathe


Employer safety practices and adherence to safety regulations can mean the difference between life and death for workers in dangerous occupations. Coal miners work in hazardous environments every day where mine collapses, explosions and equipment failures can cause catastrophic injuries. The U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration recorded 324 workers’ deaths in coal mines nationwide since 2003, with 126 deaths – over 39 percent of all fatalities — in West Virginia.
Two coal miners died recently, after becoming trapped in a Boone County mine owned by Brody Mining LLC. MSHA officials reported the deaths without providing detailed information about the accident; an investigation is underway. The victims were two men, ages 46 and 48.
Brody Mine No. 1, where the workers died, has a history of safety violations. Seven months ago, federal mine inspectors accused the mine owners of repeatedly failing to meet minimum safety standards. The mine was shut down temporarily after the company was cited for “a pattern of violations.”
Twenty-nine West Virginia miners died in an explosion at the Upper Big Branch mine in April 2010. The preliminary report filed by MSHA to the U.S. Department of Labor acknowledged the deaths were due to a “massive” explosion, about the same time carbon monoxide alarms were triggered within the Performance Coal Company mine.
Comparisons were made between the blast at Upper Big Branch and other similar mine explosions. The report stressed disasters like this are avoidable when mine operators take adequate safety measures. The Performance Coal Company mine, controlled by Massey Energy, had been cited for hundreds of safety violations in 2009 and 2010 and fined more than $1 million by federal regulators; the mine’s record for serious repeat violations exceeded the national average by almost 19 times.
Attorneys can assist victims of coal mining injuries and their families in receiving full benefits and compensation from insurance or third-parties responsible for workplace accidents.
Source: CNN, “2 W. Virginia coal miners killed” Brian Todd and John Newsome, May. 13, 2014


Last week, Sen. James Inhofe of Oklahoma, the current chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, brought a snowball fashioned from accumulated snow in Washington, D.C., onto the floor of the United States Senate.
Inhofe used the snowball as proxy “evidence” of, in his words, the “hysteria on global warming.”
It is undeniable that the second half of this winter has been unusually cold over a large portion of North America, with an especially brutal combination of snow and cold over the eastern seaboard.
However, it is also true that this past winter (December/January/February) registered the smallest average areal extent of lower tropospheric cold air since records began in 1948. In fact, the past two winters, cold though they have been over North America, have set that record in back-to-back years.
This fact makes for interesting scientific work ahead. On the one hand, we hope to find an explanation of the hemispheric circulation anomalies that have led to this unusual North American cold in the midst of a warm hemisphere. At the same time, this set of circumstances makes the point that local weather and global scale climate change are not always in step with one another at a specific location.
Rather than appropriate unusual local weather conditions in a lazy and willfully unscientific argument about an important environmental issue, we encourage our public servants to examine the observations and the science surrounding them, ask difficult questions, and endeavor to seek the truth through careful analysis of the evidence.


Health infographics | Nursing homework help
Many types of food are good for you. Firstly, fresh fruits & vegetables should be a staple in one’s diet as they provide essential vitamins, minerals and fiber while also aiding in digestion & weight management. Additionally, whole grains such as oats & quinoa offer complex carbohydrates which are broken down more slowly than their refined counterparts providing sustained energy over extended periods of time.
In addition to this lean proteins such as fish, poultry and legumes can help maintain muscle mass while also providing essential amino acids needed for growth & repair. Low-fat dairy products can also provide important nutrients (calcium, vitamin D) ensuring bones remain strong & healthy whilst nuts/seeds are great sources of omega-3 fatty acids which have numerous health benefits including improving cardiovascular function.
Finally, it is important to not forget about water – remaining hydrated throughout the day helps regulate body temperature whilst helping flush out toxins from the body through sweat & urine. It is important to drink enough fluids during exercise or in hot weather conditions. These scenarios can cause fluid loss, making it necessary to replenish fluids regularly to achieve optimal performance.
Conclusion: When considering the foods that are essential for a healthy diet, it is important to have a balance of whole grains and fresh fruit/vegetables, as well as lean proteins, dairy products with low fat, and adequate amounts of water.


The calculation was put forth by Bergman et al.:
A Better Index of Body Adiposity, Nature: Obesity, March 2011
BAI = (hip circumference in centimeters / height in meters1.5) − 18
It supposedly correlates well with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA actually measures body fat indirectly but is considered comparable to hydrostatic or underwater weighing.
Examples using BAI calculation:
- A man with hips of 42" and height of 5'10" would have a body fat of about 27%.
- A woman with hips of 36" and height of 5'4" would have a body fat of about 26%.
You can calculate your own BAI or body fat percentage here: Texas State University BAI Body Fat Calculator
None of these metrics (BMI, BAI, etc.) give an accurate measure of body composition, but taken together they give a better indication of health than any single measure:
The Body Adiposity Index (Hip Circumference ÷ Height1.5) Is Not A More Accurate Measure Of Adiposity Than Is BMI, Waist Circumference, Or Hip Circumference, Nature: Obesity, April 2012
The image at the top is from Wikipedia: Waist-Hip Ratio. I thought it offered a good reference for where to measure hips.
I've always wondered where to measure hips. This seems to be around the butt.
The hip measurement does include a lot of butt.
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Business Week published a recent study by Professor of Psychology, Drew Weeks, of University of Utah. The study involved 20 experienced texters between the ages of 19-23 in a driving simulator. “The result: drivers who were were texting were six times more likely to be involved in a ‘virtual car crash’ than those who were concentrating on just driving. Texting seems to raise the danger factor for drivers more than talking on a cell phone, the reserachers noted.”
While talking on a cell phone, “drivers’ apparently attempt to divide attention between a phone conversation and driving, adjusting the processing priority of the two activites, depending on task demands,” wrote weeks.
Weeks found that drivers’ median reaction tion increased by 9 percent while they were on a cell phone, vs. 30 percent while texting, compared with the driving-only condition. At the same time, the ‘minimum following distance’ between themselves and the virutal car ahead shrank.”
Sadly texting related car accident statistics are rising around the United States. In our opinion it;s best to leave texting to an out side the care activity. West Jordan car accident physician, Dr. Dirk Woodmansee, sees texting accidents regularly in the Midvalley Chiropractic Clinic. If you or a loved one have been involved in one of these unfortunate texting accdients contact us today to get the help you need.


A proportional tax system is a duty system through which everyone pays off the same percentage of their salary, regardless of profit. In other words, in the event you make $12 million, you are going to pay 20 dollars, 000. If you make $50 million, you will spend the same amount. The is the volume of salary you pay out in fees. A person who makes $100, 1000 will pay $27, 000 in taxes. In a proportional tax system, however , everyone pays precisely the same percentage of their income.
The standard idea behind a proportional tax system is that the tax collection tiny fraction is the same for everyone. This is certainly useful in making the tax collection more fair. It also encourages people to make better money. Because the burden is distributed across pretty much all income levels, higher cash flow groups will pay more in property taxes. A proportional tax system, on the other hand, is certainly universal. Due to this fact, the same percentage of people who get paid less would pay a simlar amount.
Another benefit of a proportionate tax strategy is that the guidelines are very simple and there is zero room pertaining to error. Consequently people with not as much income spend less. If they earn a lot more than $20, 1000, they will almost certainly want to earn even more. Because they are going to value added tax produce fewer surrender, a proportionate tax product is the most economical. However , this method can cause complications if persons do not have enough motivation to earn more.


Explore how to setup an epileptic seizure simulation with the TVB graphical user interface. This lesson will show you how to program the epileptor model in the brain network to simulate a epileptic seizure originating in the hippocampus. It will also show how to upload and view mouse connectivity data, as well as give a short introduction to the python script interface of TVB.
Tutorial on collaborating with Git and GitHub. This tutorial was part of the 2019 Neurohackademy, a 2-week hands-on summer institute in neuroimaging and data science held at the University of Washington eScience Institute.
This tutorial demonstrates how to work with neuronal data using MATLAB, including actional potentials and spike counts, orientation tuing curves in visual cortex, and spatial maps of firing rates.
In this lesson, users will learn how to appropriately sort and bin neural spikes, allowing for the generation of a common and powerful visualization tool in neuroscience, the histogram.
Followers of this lesson will learn how to compute, visualize and quantify the tuning curves of individual neurons.
This lesson demonstrates how to programmatically generate a spatial map of neuronal spike counts using MATLAB.
In this lesson, users are shown how to create a spatial map of neuronal orientation tuning.
This is a tutorial on designing a Bayesian inference model to map belief trajectories, with emphasis on gaining familiarity with Hierarchical Gaussian Filters (HGFs).
This lesson corresponds to slides 65-90 of the PDF below.


Here is a very simple wind meter (anemometer) circuit. I can’t guarantee much on the accuracy of this circuit but it circuit works quite fine. You can measure wind speeds up to 75m/s using this circuit.
The transistors Q1 and Q2 are used for sensing the wind. The relationship between thermal impedance of the transistor and the surrounding wind speed is utilized here. Transistors Q1 and Q2 are wired so that the Vce of Q1 is higher than Q2 and therefore there will be a higher power dissipation. The wind causes cooling and so the Vce of Q1 changes. The ends in different power dissipations and different voltages across R10.This variation is detected by the opamp and amplified to produce the Vout which is proportional to the wind speed. For still air Vout will be 0V and at 75m/s wind speed the Vout will be 2.5V. A 3V FSD voltmeter connected across the Vout terminal and ground can be used as the display.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
- The circuit can be assembled on a Vero board.
- The circuit can be powered from 5V DC.
- For proper working, the air must pass over both the transistors (Q1 and Q2).
- Most of the resistors used here are not standard values. So you need to use the combination (series or parallel) of resistors to attain the specified values. Please note that the resistor values are very critical in this circuit.
- IC1 is an LT1013 dual opamp.
I tried making thus circuit.Its not working pls give some idea transistor is not getting cooled or heated.what we can use in place of transistor for this same circuit & What can be added here to improve accuracy & output range reply soon I need to make this project asap.


CFS seventh-grade students presented their culminating science projects as part of their first semester unit on space, which entailed plotting a telescope route through the solar system and arguing why it is the optimal path of travel. Creating pitch presentations for NASA, students each took turns explaining their suggested route that the next telescope should take to travel to its final position, which is orbiting the Sun on the outskirts of the solar system.
Students began the space unit trying to answer the question, “What forces keep the parts of our solar system together and how can we use this knowledge to plot a telescope route through space?” Applying their prior knowledge of the solar system and space from sixth grade, students practiced modeling with the smaller sub-system of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, then built upon these skills to develop a classroom scale model of the entire solar system that ended up spanning the entire length of the downstairs Middle School hallway!
During this unit, seventh-graders also examined what factors affect the motion of objects within the solar system – specifically, gravity. Using a few different online simulations, students looked at the role that gravity plays in how the planets orbit the Sun and that the amount of gravitational pull that a planet has depends on its mass. After conducting investigations to prove that magnetic fields do exist, including comparing the magnetic fields of different planets and how each one’s composition plays an important role in the strength of its magnetic field, students later translated this information into creating a strong magnetic field that would protect their telescope as they plotted its route through space while predicting how the telescope may behave in space due to its magnetic field.
The presentations were creative, thorough, and certainly demonstrated a level of mastery in this unit. To view highlights from a few of the presentations, please click here.


Neurodiversity is a term that many of us in the corporate world are becoming familiar with. But what is neurodiversity, and why is an understanding of how to nurture the broad spectrum of talents associated with non-typical thinking styles, so crucial for organisational effectiveness?
In this paper, Talogy aim to shed light on these questions, by bringing together three different, but complementary perspectives on supporting the development of those who fall within this grouping:
Jo Maddocks, Chief Psychologist at Talogy, shares a case study on how an Emotional Intelligence-based development programme deployed within the STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) sector, with a high representation of neurodivergent participants, resulted in significant improvements in participants’ perceptions of their own personal and interpersonal intelligence and capabilities.
Psychotherapist and coach, Renée van der Vloodt describes the challenges neurodivergent employees may face in organisational life and how these can negatively impact wellbeing.
Cathy Harris, an executive coach and mental health specialist at Keychange Coaching, highlights the importance of creating a workplace climate which allows those with different gifts to flourish. Both Cathy and Renée emphasise the importance of helping all employees to cultivate skills in emotional self-regulation as well as healthy coping strategies.
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The output of historical works about Irish immigration to the U.S. and Canada is vast. The books and academic journals that focus on the macro-history of Irish immigration can be of value to genealogists as it can help place the story of their immigrant ancestors in the wider historical narrative.
However, considerable genealogical value can be derived from historical publications that focus on smaller geographical areas, such as a town, county, early settlement, or rural area. These more localized publications can contain biographies of immigrant settlers, detailed notes about Irish neighborhoods, and useful information that can help with research in records, such as those of the local Catholic Church. One such example is Irish Immigrants in McLean County, Illinois.
McLean county is in the center of Illinois and has the city of Bloomington as its county seat. Many of the first Irish immigrants to this area were brought there by working on the railroad that was built through the county in the 1840s and 1850s.
These types of publications can be difficult to get hold of. If this book is of interest to your research, two good starting places are the McLean County Historical Society, who published the book, and Worldcat, the worldwide catalog of over 10,000 libraries. You can read a brief introduction to the book at this link.
 Koos, Greg, ed. Irish Immigrants in McLean County, Illinois. Bloomington, IL: McLean County Historical Society, 2000
I am able to tell them I am aware of what they're doing. I would absolutely suggest them on your next upkeep!ReplyDelete
Bought this as a gift to his son after he lost his old shaver. He loves it. It fits perfectly on his bathroom counter. Super efficient and gives him a great shave with philips norelco shaver 3500. He says that he can travel with it as wellReplyDelete


Shock is a critical condition brought on by the sudden drop in blood flow through the body. Shock may result from trauma, heatstroke, blood loss or an allergic reaction. It also may result from severe infection, poisoning, severe burns or other causes. When a person is in shock, their organs don't get enough blood or oxygen. If shock is not treated, it can lead to permanent organ damage or even death.
Symptoms of shock vary depending on circumstances and may include:
- Cool, clammy skin.
- Pale or ashen skin.
- A gray or bluish tinge to lips or fingernails.
- Rapid pulse.
- Rapid breathing.
- Nausea or vomiting.
- Enlarged pupils.
- Weakness or fatigue.
- Dizziness or fainting.
- Changes in mental status or behavior, such as anxiousness or agitation.
If you suspect a person is in shock, call 911 or your local emergency number. Then take the following steps right away:
- Lay the person down and elevate the legs and feet slightly, unless you think this may cause pain or further injury.
- Keep the person still and don't move the person unless necessary.
- Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of life, such as not breathing, coughing or moving.
- Loosen tight clothing and, if needed, cover the person with a blanket to prevent chilling.
- Don't let the person eat or drink anything.
- If the person vomits or is bleeding from the mouth, and no spinal injury is suspected, turn the person onto a side to prevent choking.
April 21, 2023
- Shock. American College of Emergency Physicians. https://www.emergencyphysicians.org/article/know-when-to-go/shock. Accessed Feb. 16, 2023.
- First aid. National Health Service. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/first-aid/. Accessed Feb. 16, 2023.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-shock/basics/ART-20056620


The long list of shocking cases of Aboriginal deaths in custody exposed by the Royal Commission provided a public understanding of the processes of racism in the criminal justice system and Australian society more generally. The stories of the deaths in custody were the incontrovertible stories of institutional racism, of human tragedy and monumental inhumanity. Some cases showed profound callousness, others simple indifference. The current tragedy is that so many of the circumstances leading to deaths in custody, and identified by the RCADIC, are still routine occurrences. At the broadest level, the political conditions of the late 1990s and the new century have not been conducive in Australia to effective reform of the criminal justice system. There is little doubt that we have moved into a more punitive period in relation to criminal justice responses, and whatever impetus there was to reform in the early 1990s has largely evaporated. We see this drift into ‘law and order’ responses manifested in a range of areas including increased police powers, ‘zero tolerance’ style laws which increase the use of arrest for minor offences, greater levels of bail refusal and longer periods of imprisonment for a range of offences. However, on the positive side there has been a renaissance in Indigenous justice institutions. These provide the potential for significant change in the criminal justice system, and an opportunity for greater recognition of the aspirations of Indigenous people.


Oxford Bible Atlas
OUP Oxford, Mar 1, 2007 - Bibles - 240 pages
This new edition of the Oxford Bible Atlas, now with full-colour maps and illustrations, has been thoroughly revised to bring it up to date with regard both to biblical scholarship and to archaeology and topography. The Atlas will help readers of the Bible understand the contexts in which its stories are set and to appreciate the world from which it emerged and which formed its background. Maps show the geographical setting of the Bible's stories and reflect the successive stages of the Bible's accounts, while specially chosen full-colour illustrations bring the countries and their peoples to life. The accompanying text describes the land of Palestine, and its wider ancient Near Eastern and east Mediterranean settings. It outlines clearly the successive historical periods, and describes the major civilizations with which Israelites, Jews, and early Christians came into contact. There is also an illustrated survey of the relevance of archaeology for the study of the Bible. The Atlas provides a superb guide to the geography of the Holy Land throughout biblical history, from the Exodus period through to New Testament times.
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First published in 1962, with a new edition released each decade thereafter, this Bible atlas appears in a fully updated version boasting full-color photography, including arresting satellite and ... Read full review