Valves are used in both industrial and household plumbing. Their function is to change the flow of water, control flow, or shut-off water in the time of an emergency. Valves are considered an essential component of any drainage system. Valves are accessible everywhere in a wide variety of styles, each with a different design and playing a particular role.
The valve is a kind of fitting that permits for regulation, control, and direction of liquids passing through a pipeline. Apart from the direction and regulation of water, these are also used to prevent back flow and regulate water pressure within a system. Valves grants landowners to separate their units of plumbing for maintenance, or shut off a water line when a leak sprout.
They have a wide array of applications in most of the commercial and industrial sectors. Also, in wastewater treatment centers, chemical plants, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and automobile production all depend on valves for regulation and direction of fluids and vapors.
Valves are manufactured of different materials such as plastics, lead-free brass, inox press fits, cast iron, and galvanized pipe.
Ball valves are considered the most common types of valves than the other pipes. They regulate a water flow employing a rotational ball positioned in the midpoint of the valve. This ball has a deep core through its midpoint that manages the flow of water.
Ball valves are the most generally used shut-off valve. The ball valves are famous globally for their speed, reliability, and strength. They are extensively used in residential applications to turn the water on and off deprived of a pressure drop. The ball valves made of inox press fittings material generates a robust, watertight seal within the pipe, averting any liquid from escaping. Due to this tight inox seal, they also have applications in natural gas and chemical applications. Ball valves are also perfect for emergency applications where water needs quickly to be shut off and with convenience. The unique design of ball valves lets them avert or alter the flow of liquids through various ports. Because of these multi-ports, water can pass through four different channels.


Whether you are religious or not, there is no denying that history can be absolutely fascinating at times, as evidenced by the recent discovery of a ‘hidden chapter’ of the Bible.
It is regarded as ‘an important piece of the jigsaw puzzle in New Testament history,’ as a medievalist from the Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW) discovered it using an ancient technique.
The layered Palestine manuscript was thought to have been inscribed 1,500 years ago with a Syriac text, which was frequently erased and reused.
Grigory Kessel, however, was able to discover one of the earliest translations of the Gospels, made in the third century and copied in the sixth.
“The tradition of Syriac Christianity knows several translations of the Old and New Testaments,” Kessel explains.
“Until recently, only two manuscripts were known to contain the Old Syriac translation of the gospels.”
Despite researchers being unable to reveal a complete translation of the newly found chapter, they shared some of their findings.
Taking a look at the original Greek of Matthew chapter 12, verse 1, it reads: “At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath; and his disciples became hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat.”
But after discovering the Syriac wording, it translates to: “[…] began to pick the heads of grain, rub them in their hands, and eat them.”
Claudia Rapp, Director of the Institute for Medieval Research at the OeAW, said: “Grigory Kessel has made a great discovery thanks to his profound knowledge of old Syriac texts and script characteristics.
“This discovery proves how productive and important the interplay between modern digital technologies and basic research can be when dealing with medieval manuscripts.”
“Despite a limited number of dated manuscripts from this period, comparison with dated Syriac manuscripts allows us to narrow down a possible time frame to the first half of the sixth century.
Rapp adds that the newly-discovered text will now be studied and analyzed by religious scholars.
“The earliest surviving manuscripts with this Syriac translation date from the 6th century and are preserved in the erased layers, so-called palimpsests, of newly written parchment leaves.”


The university has a policy of providing equal education to the general public and supporting the disadvantaged, especially the handicapped by giving people with disabilities the opportunity to attend university and to provide scholarships until they graduate. New student recruitment announcements are reviewed and open to disadvantaged students every year to diversify educational opportunities and the creation of educational equality for people with disabilities to access higher education. It also provides opportunities for international students from underdeveloped countries and provides scholarships, such as for students from Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and China.
The university has a service center for students with disabilities. To care for and facilitate students with disabilities and providing learning support, for example, the Library has developed an online service to support online teaching and learning for students with disabilities so that they can learn without limitations. 5 services are as follows: 1. Information search service. 2. Reading and study seat reservation service. Research Central Library 3. Help finding and picking up books on the bookshelf 4. Borrowing books and equipment 5. Suggesting information resources.
Khon Kaen University has pushed for equality in education for students in the Northeast, such as the teacher training program in the Northeast to reduce the disparity in knowledge with the innovation of classroom education (Lesson Study) and Open Approach Batch 1 for teacher’s representatives of 22 schools and training batch 2 for school administrators, academic teachers and teachers at grade levels, Primary 1 - Primary 3, 150 students from 29 schools.
The university has developed KKU Smart Learning innovation by developing learning styles and methods of management that are in line with the Learning characteristics of learners in modern times in different student and school contexts as well as training to develop teachers' potential to be able to design learning management methods by integrating new ideas with prior knowledge and experience to reduce inequality and promote lifelong analytical thinking for Thai children and to develop the competence of secondary school students through innovative learning (Khon Kaen University Smart Learning Academy) in 3 subject areas: Science, Mathematics and English.
Policy and operation
KKU has a policy to provide educational equality to the general public and support the underprivileged especially the disabled by stipulating in the University Act. We promote the spread of educational opportunities and creating educational equality for people with disabilities to access higher education. We review of new student admission announcements and accepting underprivileged students every year.


Views: 24 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2021-02-26 Origin: Site
Neodymium Magnet are the most common items in people’s real life. Magnets have a wide range of applications. They can be used in industry, manufacturing, and electronic products. Even the entire earth can be understood as a huge magnet. The magnetic north pole is It refers to the south pole of the earth, and the geomagnetic south pole refers to the north pole, while the magnetic poles of the same name repel and the magnetic poles of different names attract.
Magnets are not artificially invented, but natural magnetite. The ancient Greeks and Chinese discovered magnetic ore from nature. This kind of stone can easily suck up some small stones like magic, and always Is pointing in a fixed direction.
Later, people used magnets in navigation. Ancient China also developed the "compass". Later, this invention became one of the four great inventions in ancient China, and it has been passed down to this day.
Neodymium magnets are currently unknown commercial magnets with the highest performance. They are called the Magneto. Its magnetic energy product is more than 10 times that of ferrite, and it can withstand substances that are more than 640 times larger than its own weight. Moreover, its magnetic force is also low. It has super lethality, and in order to verify how strong the magnetic force of the neodymium magnet is, the scientists used several objects to do experiments.
The content of the experiment is very simple. People put two magnets with opposite magnetic poles on both sides, and then put some objects in the middle of the two magnets to test the strength of the female.
Scientists explained that neodymium magnets can crush several tons of objects, and if the experiment is not an apple, but a human body, even human bones can be easily crushed under the magnetic force of the neodymium magnet.
Cailu Industrial Zone, Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province, China.


To explore the factors explaining butterfly diversity in a landscape mosaic of different habitats, we conducted a series of field surveys in the Saihawla National Nature Reserve. This reserve comprised of seven habitats: typical grassland, wetland, mountain valley meadow, degraded grassland, farmland, mountain xerophytic shrub and mountainous shrub. From May to September 2017, we recorded a total of 2,290 butterfly individuals belonging to 63 species, 42 genera, and 5 families. Nymphalidae, with the most species (34) and the most individuals (991), was the dominant family in the reserve. Five species dominated the community: Papilio Xuthus, Pontia daplidice, Aporia crataegi, Aglais urticae, Speyeria aglaja. The species-abundance analysis showed a normal distribution model, suggesting a relatively stable community with the range of butterfly activity extending to different habitats due to the continuity of vegetation types. However, we also found that butterfly distribution in Saihanwula was closely related to the distribution and composition of vegetation among habitats. The Mountainous shrub had the highest biodiversity index and the lowest dominance index, whereas degraded grassland had the lowest biodiversity index and species richness, but the highest dominance index. The Mountain valley meadow had the most number of families, genera, species, and individuals, the degraded grassland had the lowest number of families, genera, species, and individuals. Faunal distribution analysis show that widely distributed species occupied 63.49% and Palaearctic species occupied 36.51%. Furthermore, butterfly diversity in the different habitats of the reserve varied significantly between months. Finally, we found that numbers of butterfly individuals and species increased with higher temperatures, while rainfall had no significant correlation. In conclusion, We believe that appropriate interference is conducive to the development of butterfly diversity, strong human disturbance seriously destroyed grassland environment, affected butterfly survival and reproduction, and reduced butterfly diversity.


Goal: Relating physical understanding of an object’s motion to a graphical representation of acceleration.
A soccer ball rolls slowly across the road and down a hill as shown below:
Which of the following sketches of ax vs. t is a reasonable representation of the horizontal acceleration of the ball as a function of time?
We will assume that rolling friction between the ball and road surface is small and that air resistance can be ignored. We will also assume that the ball does not leave the road surface at the top of the hill. If these assumptions are satisfied, the ball will roll across the level road at a (nearly) constant velocity. As it rolls down the hill, the ball will speed up, producing a constant acceleration in the direction of motion. There will be a nonzero component of acceleration pointing to the right. The graph at the right is a reasonable representation of the horizontal acceleration as a function of time. For our assumptions, answer (5) is the best choice.
Context for Use: Give after students explore the vector nature of acceleration. Formal (quantitative) kinematics is not required.
Assessment Issues: (1) Can students recognize when an object is accelerating? What criteria do they use? (2) Do students perceive nonzero horizontal and vertical components of acceleration? Do some students think that the acceleration is in the y-direction only? (3) Do students think that the acceleration graph looks like the sketch of the road on which the ball rolls? What process do they use to construct a graph of acceleration versus time? (4) Do students confuse the different motion quantities? For example, do they interpret the graphs of acceleration versus time as velocity versus time graphs?
Questions to Reveal Student Reasoning
Where does the ball speed up? Where does it slow down? Why does its speed change?
What is the direction of the ball’s acceleration while it is on the hill? Does the ball accelerate to the right? Does the ball accelerate vertically?
Help students construct the horizontal (and vertical) velocity vs. time graph for the ball. If students have been exposed to forces, draw a free-body diagram and use it to find the net force.


VISION CULTURAL MENTORING INITIATIVE
The Vision Cultural Mentoring Initiative is an outstanding community service effort by the University of Maryland to connect college students to the local community to effect change in the educational achievement of disadvantaged youth. The yearlong program pairs college students with high school students in the Prince George’s country area to expose high school students to college and to engage them in learning about multicultural communities.
The Vision Cultural Mentoring Initiative was created out of an identified need to expand the experiences of local public school students, so that they have greater interest, capacity and preparation to go to college. On the other hand, the program also expands college student understanding of civic and social needs in the community surrounding their college. For example, Bladensburg High School has one of the lowest SAT school average in Prince Georges County Maryland. Students at the school are struggling to achieve collegiate entrance. A lack of exposure to college, lack of mentorship, and lack of preparation all contribute to the students in this school not pursuing higher education. The Vision Cultural Mentoring Initiative was created to change this reality.
The program brings students to the University of Maryland campus on a regular basis to demystify the college experience. Students shadow their college mentors in their classes, they attend campus cultural and social events, they participate in collegiate workshops, and they are guided through the college admissions process. What is most creative about the program is that students are simultaneously engaged in learning about their cultures and history. They are provided enhanced opportunities to affirm their cultural identity through reading culturally focused books and then engaging in scholarly discussions on the books with their mentors. The program was created with the belief that students must see college not only as an opportunity to gain a degree but to grow personally and culturally—to learn about themselves in ways that were not offered during their k-12 experience.
The program’s first year produced outstanding results: all of the high school students that participated in the program went to college. The Vision program has made an impact in the local community of Prince George’s County Maryland and positively impacted the lives of its high school and college leaders.


People in families
From sexual assault that women face regularly on the streets to people of color experiencing homelessness at a disproportionately high rates, homelessness is a multifaceted issue that requires closer inspection. Cecily Ma, Director of Chapter Programs, discusses in depth these issues in her workshops.
For those experiencing homelessness, traditionally, basic needs are food and water. However, in a complex society, access to healthcare, insurance, transportation, education, sanitation, personal care items, and communication are just as important. That’s why here at Mustard Seed Project, the main reason for our street outreach program is not to pass out basic necessities, but to create a presence of trust in which we can direct individuals to our Volunteer Service Navigation program. The main goal is to help individuals rise above their situation through rapport and service, with work put in by both the client and service navigator.
A structural barrier is an obstacle that prevents an eligible person from getting access. Examples of this are the locations of programs, how they are organized, and what they require of applicants.
These barriers are a result of an inadequate amount of resources. This typically is seen in the form of limited funding. These barriers are most often seen in mental health and substance use care.
These are program rules that establish criteria for whom may receive benefits. These restrictions are usually set at the federal level and cannot be influenced locally. These barriers most often affect housing programs.
“If you want to learn about homelessness, talk to someone who has lived through it.”
~John Brady, Director of Lived Experience Advisors
Over 30 million people in the U.S. are uninsured. Half of this number composes of Black, Latinx, and indigenous communities. The lack of mental and physical healthcare plays a major barrier to escaping homelessness.
From practices such as redlining, rental discrimination, mass incarceration, and lack of affordable healthcare. These issues and many more play a role in the high poverty rate of the BIPOC population.


Copyright is a legal framework that protects creators of literary and artistic works by establishing economic and moral rights that enable creators to:
- control the publication and reproduction of their works;
- receive remuneration; and
- protect the integrity of their works.
Copyright protection exists as soon as a work is created. In Canada, there is no requirement that the work be registered or that the word "copyright" or the symbol © appear on the work. The work may be registered, if the creator desires, under a voluntary government registration system. Other countries may require registration and/or designations to be placed on the work to activate copyright protection.
The Copyright Act regulates the rights of creators and users of copyright in Canada.
What is Protected by Copyright?
Copyright law protects a wide range of works, including, for example, books, articles in journals or newspapers, films, videos, plays, scripts, paintings, drawings, maps, technical drawings, sculptures, computer programs, and songs. Copyright covers both published and unpublished works.
Copyright law does not protect ideas, facts, news, information, names, or symbols. Only works that are original and fixed are protected by copyright. A work is considered "original" when it is the product of the author's own skill, judgment and creativity, has not been copied and demonstrates more than a trivial, mechanical level of skill and judgment. A work is "fixed" when it is produced onto any media, like paper or within a digital file.
You may express your ideas in writing or drawings and claim copyright in those works. However, the idea itself is not protected by copyright.
Names and symbols may, of course, be protected in some ways by trademark law. For further information about each of these categories, see the contact information provided on the Online Resources page.


, in November 1st, 1923. His artistic vocation led him to traveling the world and visiting the biggest cities, until he came back to Uruguay during the 1940’s to paint the
(one of his passions) and the African-Western rhythms that were popular in the country.
His art allowed him to travel the world painting, sculpting, and above all creating. Among his many creations, there was Casapueblo a sculpture in which it was possible to live, paint, and host the friends made in life and his travels.
The workshop and museum of Casapueblo is open year round and visited by thousands of tourists from all over the world. This area of the house was donated by its creator, artist Carlos Páez Vilaró, to encourage a cultural interest in his creations, accomplished throughout his successful life.
Today, and for some time, Casapueblo has welcomed various personalities from the national and international scopes, mainly artists, painters and sculptors who revel in it. Conferences, presentations of books and events related to culture take place in its many rooms. Self-Taught Construction
There are signature wines, there are copyrights and, of course, there is one of the noblest arts that have come to our days, untouched by most architectural styles: signature construction. Casapueblo is that, a signature construction which, at first sight, has not respected any previous molds or outlines, but followed the ideas of a genius to shape a sculpture and dwell in it.
According to the chronicles written inside Casapueblo, Carlos Páez Vilaró, without being an architect, was inspired by the ovenbirds and the countrymen who rely on adobe to build their houses. As a result of the sea, the Mediterranean style was inevitable, with its wide white balconies looking onto the horizon, the dawn and its seagulls.
That guest who once said that Casapueblo was “the Uruguayan Greece”
was right. He just happened to forget something.
Up there, at the highest dome of this unique marvel, lives a wise and young artist called Carlos Páez Vilaró, who was the creator of this mythology with sea and jungle creatures as well as people from the Carnival
and from all the cities in the world. They have inhabited this incredible place for years.


Formula One racing may not be on your priority list for weekend sport watching, but green automotive enthusiasts should take note: the advanced technology in your new eco friendly car was most likely used on Formula One cars before it landed on your driveway.
The pit crew for Formula One teams are constantly trying to alter vehicle diagnostics in order to keep each driver on the track for as long as possible. The game plan is the same for all of us, whether we’re on the track going 200+ MPH or just trying to save some money on our daily commute: use fuel saving devices whenever possible to increase fuel economy and reduce emissions.
So how exactly does technology in Formula One cars migrate to your car? To begin, consumer car manufacturers and racing teams are both under pressure from governments to reduce emissions. This translates to smaller engines with turbochargers, which yield a similar power output compared to naturally-aspirated engines. Advanced aerodynamics are also being utilized in both types of cars to reduce drag and let the car drive without as much wind resistance. The exterior of the Toyota Prius, for example, is a perfect example of how auto manufacturers have taken a page from Formula One teams and included sleek front ends that help create more eco friendly cars.
Lightweight materials that make up the body of the car, such as aluminum or carbon fiber, are also helping to keep weight down on more consumer cars as production costs go down for manufacturers. McLaren, a company with a rich racing history, was the first to put carbon fiber in Formula One cars back in the 1980s, and is now the first to create an all carbon fiber chassis for their newest road car, the MP4-12C, optimizing safety and performance simultaneously using the light, but extremely rigid, material.
While automakers are constantly innovating their cars to be as efficient as possible, there are also plenty of aftermarket products and accessories available today to help make your car greener. Nitrogen inflated tires have been used for years by Formula One teams as a fuel saving device that also improves handling. Think your car could use a boost? Earthgarage has a wide array of products that can help you save the environment and save money on gas too.
Earthgarage – Greener Car. Fatter Wallet.


The Martyr Zosima the Wilderness-Dweller
Commemorated on September 19
The Martyr Zosima the Wilderness-Dweller lived during the IV Century. One time while hunting, the governor of Cilicia named Dometian caught sight of the elder, who calmly and amiably conversed with the beasts around him. Seeing the hunters, the beasts fled. They then interrogated the elder, – who was he and why did he live in the wilderness. The elder answered, that he was called Zosima, that he was a Christian, and that he was not able to live in the city with the enemies of the Lord Jesus Christ, and therefore he lived alone amongst the wild animals. Then Dometian said threateningly: "If thou dost worship the Nazarene, at Nazareth I shalt hand thee over publicly to fierce tortures, and thou wilt renounce Christ". To the question of what kind of magic Zosima used to tame wild beasts, the elder answered only: "I – am a Christian". At Nazareth the tortures began. They tied the elder head downwards, and to his neck a large stone, and they began to lacerate at his body with iron hooks. The torturers taunted the sufferer: "If the beasts do hearken unto thee, direct one of them to come forth here, and we then will believe in thine God". The holy martyr turned with a prayer to God, and suddenly an huge lion sprang forth. Everyone fled in terror, and the lion went up to the elder, and with its paw began to lift the stone, tied to the neck of the martyr. The governor began to implore the martyr to keep the lion calm, and he gave orders to untie the saint, so as to convey him off to the emperor, but Saint Zosima was already dead, having given up his pure soul to God.
© 1996-2001 by translator Fr. S. Janos.


To zoom in on a small corner of the cloud 7,500 light-years away, the Hubble Space Telescope has captured an attractive stage in the development of baby stars.
This is called J025157.5 + 600606, and it is a (relatively) small swell in the largest Soul Nebula (also known as Westerhout 5) in the galaxy Cassiopeia.
But while the section of the cloud may seem insignificant in the vast nebula complex, it is a great place to learn about the birth of new stars.
This is because J025157.5 + 600606 shows a FrEGGs – free-floating evaporating gas globules.
Only FrEGGs were found A short time ago, They need a certain conditions.
Stars in the large clouds of stellar nurseries are formed from cold clusters of dense molecular hydrogen that fall under their gravitational pull, so the stars are located in dense, molecular clouds.
When a very large, hot star begins to shine, their intense ultraviolet radiation ionizes their birth cloud, creating a large, hot bubble of ionic gas. Stromgren sphere.
FrEGGs are dense clusters of cold gas that cluster in the Stromgren sphere, and many of them excite to form their own stars.
The boundary between the FrEGG and the sphere is seen as the glowing purple portion of the Hubble film because the outer layer of heat gas radiates from the hot nearby star.
This density loss means we can go inside and see new baby stars being born.
Because frEGGs are so dense, this process does not stop the star formation that forms inside. But it eventually blocks it, reducing the supply of feeding gas to the star that forms within it.
For this reason, stars born in FrEGGs have a relatively small mass compared to the larger O- and B-type stars that evaporate their gas.
That’s not a bad thing at all. Smaller and cooler stars have longer lifespans than their Sanctuary siblings. It is even possible that this is how our sun was born billions of years ago.
You can see the full size image of J025157.5 + 600606 and download the wallpaper sizes, On the Hubble Space Telescope website.


If you are purchasing an ebook for school, please purchase it at campusebookstore.com.
They will be able to provide fast and thorough technical support.
With the advent of Aboriginal street gangs such as Indian Posse, Manitoba Warriors, and Native Syndicate, Winnipeg garnered a reputation as the “gang capital of Canada.” Yet beyond the stereotypes of outsiders, little is known about these street gangs and the factors and conditions that have produced them. “Indians Wear Red” locates Aboriginal street gangs in the context of the racialized poverty that has become entrenched in the colonized space of Winnipeg’s North End. Drawing upon extensive interviews with Aboriginal street gang members as well as with Aboriginal women and elders, the authors develop an understanding from “inside” the inner city and through the voices of Aboriginal people – especially street gang members themselves.
While economic restructuring and neo-liberal state responses can account for the global proliferation of street gangs, the authors argue that colonialism is a crucial factor in the Canadian context, particularly in western Canadian urban centres. Young Aboriginal people have resisted their social and economic exclusion by acting collectively as “Indians.” But just as colonialism is destructive, so too are street gang activities, including the illegal trade in drugs. Solutions lie not in “quick fixes” or “getting tough on crime” but in decolonization: re-connecting Aboriginal people with their cultures and building communities in which they can safely live and work.


Date Published: 6 May 2009
Canada's National Microbiology Lab First to Decode Genetic Makeup of H1N1 Flu Viruses
Minister of Health Leona Aglukkaq and Chief Public Health Officer Dr. David Butler-Jones today announced that Canadian scientists have completed work on decoding the genetic makeup of the H1N1 flu virus.
"The world's knowledge of the H1N1 flu virus has taken a significant step forward thanks to the excellent work done at Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory," said Minister Aglukkaq.
"This is an important achievement for our scientists as it marks the first successful sequencing of virus samples from different countries," said Dr. David Butler-Jones, Chief Public Health Officer of Canada. "Our researchers should be commended for completing this important work in less than a week. This is one of the Lab's finest hours."
Genetic sequencing is the process of determining the order of the molecules that make up the DNA in each gene of an organism. This complete genetic blueprint provides important information for researchers studying the virus.
The laboratory completed sequencing of H1N1 virus samples taken from Mexico, Nova Scotia and Ontario.
"This takes us a big step forward in understanding how this virus works," said Dr. Frank Plummer, Scientific Director General of the National Microbiology Laboratory. "Our preliminary analysis does not indicate a significant difference between the virus in Mexico and the virus in Canada."
Canada's work on the virus has been submitted to GenBank -- an international, searchable database -- to allow more researchers to have access to the results and benefit from the information.
Source(s): Public Health Agency of Canada


Packed with advice, checklists and templates this book will help you improve your study skills throughout your time at university. Written in a straightforward, no nonsense style the guidance given in this book can be broken down into manageable chunks allowing you to work at your own pace.
Issues covered include: “Procrastination; “Planning your assignment; “Understanding your assignment question; “Researching your assignment; “Writing your assignment; “Referencing your assignment; “Managing your own well-being.
Drawing on years of experience running study skills workshops, Monica Gribben has written this book to be as accessible as possible for students with dyslexia as they work through the many challenges that studying at university will present.
Features and materials include: “Helpful Hints; “Timetable cards; “Assignment checklists; “Frequently Asked Questions; “Exercises to help students develop study skills strategies
Downloadable electronic resources are available online to increase the accessibility of the materials provided. This book is the perfect guide for any student with dyslexia studying in higher education.
Monica Gribben is a private dyslexia consultant and Dyslexia Adviser at Edinburgh Napier University.
This chapter looks at the processes involved in gathering information from the library and online resources. It takes you through the searching, finding and using stages of effectively sourcing what you need for your assignments, and tells you how to avoid plagiarism.
How many of us started out thinking that's how it all worked? Then realisation dawned – we needed to learn to use the library … What!? Library!? That place full of books and print!? That place where the letter–number system is so complicated we never seem to find what we're looking for and so … exit the library from our student life?
[Page 60]Is that such a wise thing? Of course, there will always be students who'll never use the library, but ...


Acne is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages. It is characterized by the appearance of blackheads, whiteheads, and inflamed red bumps (pimples) on the skin, most commonly on the face, chest, and back. Acne is caused by a combination of factors, including overproduction of oil (sebum) by the sebaceous glands, build-up of dead skin cells, and the presence of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Hormonal changes, certain medications, and certain cosmetics can also contribute to the development of acne. While acne is most commonly seen in adolescents and young adults, it can also occur in adults. Acne is not a serious medical condition, but it can be uncomfortable and can lead to scarring if not treated properly. There are many treatments available for acne, including over-the-counter and prescription medications, as well as lifestyle changes and home remedies.
While there is no permanent "cure" for acne, it can be effectively managed with the right treatment plan. This may include a combination of over-the-counter and prescription medications, lifestyle changes, and home remedies.
Acne is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person. However, it can be inherited, so if one or both of your parents had acne, you may be more likely to develop the condition.
There are several home remedies that may help to reduce the appearance of acne. These include washing the face twice a day with a gentle cleanser, applying over-the-counter acne creams or gels, using a warm compress to soften and open up the pores, and applying tea tree oil to the affected area.
There are several natural remedies that may help to reduce the appearance of acne. These include using tea tree oil, applying honey or aloe vera to the affected area, and consuming foods that are high in antioxidants. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of natural remedies for acne may vary and more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.
Visit a doctor when you are suffering from Acne!


Compared to store-bought annuals, perennials are reliable, resilient staples of a water-saving landscape. Perennials live more than one year with some, such as live oaks, living almost 200 years.
Through careful selection and proper care, perennials will keep your garden looking great year round – and for a long time. The key to a perennial’s true resilience and value is its life cycle:
- After germinating, a perennial establishes itself, first through the roots and then the stems and leaves.
- Firmly established in the second year, most perennials will flower and set seed. Others may take a few more years before blooming.
- As winter approaches, a perennial begins to prepare for dormancy. But before the plant completely dies back or drops leaves, it develops buds for next year and stores energy in the roots.
- In the spring when temperatures warm, the plant bursts anew with flowers, leaves and shoots.
Evergreen perennials are slightly different. Rather than going dormant in the winter, they slow down photosynthesis and respiration. They need very little water; most of the time seasonal rainfall is sufficient.
Select and plant your perennials wisely and you’ll be happy with your landscape for many years to come.


In the article the names of mountains from the region of the Western Bieszczady Mountains are discussed. Of the 244 names collected in this compilation, 149 were analyzed. Their origin was researched, as well as their onomastic motivation, which allowed the oronyms to be divided into appropriate groups according to the genetic-functional classification of H. Borek. The linguistic bases of the mountain names studied are most often appellatives from Ukrainian dialects - Bojko and their neighbors (Hutsul and Lemko) - and also proper names: anthroponyms, hydronyms and toponyms (names of other nearby objects). Among the appellatives, topographic designations predominate, while others are connected with human activities (cultural names). Rare in the Bieszczady are mountain names with metaphoric, situational or commemorative motivation.
T. Wegrzyn, ul. Sikorskiego 11B, m. 18, 37-700 Przemysl, Poland
Publication order reference
CEJSH db identifier


High levels of dangerous chemicals absorbed from sun creams
People are absorbing high levels of dangerous chemicals from popular sun creams and sprays. The chemicals could cause cancers and developmental and reproduction problems.
The high levels in blood plasma samples are from people who have applied the creams and sprays correctly, and according to the manufacturer's recommended guidelines.
America's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set a safety threshold of 0.5 ng/mL in blood plasma for the active ingredients found in most sunscreens—but levels of up to 209 ng/mL have been detected by FDA researchers, who tested four popular products on 24 volunteers.
Any level above 0.5 ng/mL should trigger an automatic toxicology assessment because the chemicals—avobenzone, oxybenzone, octocrylene and ecamsule—could be cancer-causing and may interfere with healthy development and reproduction.
In the test, the four sunscreens—two sprays, one lotion and one cream—were applied to the volunteers, whose blood plasma was tested. Oxybenzone was the most easily absorbed, with levels as high as 209.6 ng/mL being detected.
(Source: JAMA, 2019; 321: 2082-91)
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The air quality in human dwellings, educational and work places has become a high profile issue over the last decade especially in regarding to mould. Mould spores are present everywhere. Moulds grow on a wide variety of organic substrates including wood and are easy to find in all buildings especially those that have moisture available for microbial growth. The wood industry is facing a potential problem as stain fungi (which may often be mistaken for mould) and moulds can be found growing abundantly on green timber and lumber and the public could perceive wood used in building envelopes as a major substrate and source of mould. To ensure that wood is treated fairly among other building materials Forintek has initiated several projects regarding mould and one of them is to review the existing body of literature on moulds and to develop an organized database of information in a searchable form that could be continuously updated. Thus, to update Forintek’s knowledge in this area, to maintain awareness of the latest developments and trends and to establish new contacts Adnan attended the 9th Indoor Air Conference in July 2002 which is considered to be among the most prestigious in the field.
As expected, the conference and associated interactions yielded a substantial amount of information directly or indirectly related to current and future projects at Forintek in regard to moulds, substrates for their growth and potential health effects. Overall there was a general understanding that microbial ecology and health-related issues in association with a moisture-damaged site are complex phenomena and require further and thorough research. Modern building technology that uses a plethora of building materials in more or less successful building designs and in association with failures in moisture control provide specific, and in some cases, new ecological niches for microbes.
Wood was not singled out or exempted as a source or important substrate for mould growth. The water damage and available moisture is the major factor in supporting microbial growth. Apart from mould there are other equally or more important elements associated with reported ill health and these may include bacteria, tobacco pollution, diesel particles, material and microbial volatile organic compounds, mites and other allergens of animal origin. This report summarizes major findings and developments in indoor air quality issues with special emphasis on mould, health issues and water-damaged human habitats. Parts of it are judged as potentially useful to Forintek members.


Hispanics, among other ethnic and minority groups, are not utilizing preventive care to help prevent and detect conditions for early treatment, and socioeconomic reasons might not be the underlying factor for the disparity, according to two recent studies, the Houston Chronicle reports.
A study released earlier this month found that 100,000 lives could be saved annually in the U.S. if residents increased their use of preventive services. The study found that Hispanics, Asian-Americans and blacks used preventive services at the lowest rates.
A separate study still is in progress but is "hitting a brick wall" in recruiting Hispanic participants, according to Lovell Jones, director of the Center for Research on Minority Health at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center.
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center is trying to recruit about 4,000 Hispanic beneficiaries, but after one year, researchers have been able to recruit only 59 people. The recruitment team says only about one in 10 Hispanics asked agree to participate.
Jones said that Hispanics commonly do not discuss cancer because they believe the more a person talks about it, the more likely they are to attract it, adding that they say "that if you go looking for it, you're likely to find it." Jones said the Hispanic "attitude often is, if something isn't hurting, it's not a problem."
To help recruit more Hispanic participants, the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center is airing public service announcements. Overall, the study hopes to recruit 13,000 minority Medicare beneficiaries, including Asian-Americans, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, blacks and Hispanics.
Source: Kaiser Family Foundation


Story by Shannon Wianecki | Illustration by Ana Karla Gherman
In one of the most famous legends of ancient Hawaiʻi, Pele, the volcano goddess, sends her youngest sister, Hiʻiaka, to rescue a mortal lover. Three moʻo (supernatural lizards) have captured Pele’s sweetheart and hold him hostage in a cave on Kauaʻi. Thus, Hiʻiaka’s mission involves a second errand: dragon slaying.
As Hiʻiaka travels island to island, she encounters many moʻo. On the windward cliffs of Molokaʻi, the young goddess and her attendant Wahineʻomaʻo come to an impassable ravine. As they ponder how to proceed, a slender plank appears. Wahineʻomaʻo starts across, but Hiʻiaka recognizes the bewitched bridge for what it is: the tongue of the man-eating moʻo Kikipua. Spanning the gorge with her magical paʻu (skirt), Hiʻiaka chases the lizard to its lair and kills it.
Dragons. Lizards. Deities. Whatever word used to invoke them, moʻo rank among Hawaiʻi’s most mysterious mythic creatures. They figure into the oldest Hawaiian stories and are a key to a deep, nearly forgotten magic.
Most moʻo of legend are female, shapeshifters capable of appearing as beautiful maidens or water dragons. They dwell in caves, pools, and fishponds and are fierce guardians of freshwater sources. According to nineteenth-century Hawaiian historian Samuel Kamakau, when fires were lit on altars near their homes, the moʻo would appear: twelve- to thirty-foot-long reptiles, black as night, glistening in the water. “If given a drink of awa,” he writes, “they would turn from side to side like the keel of a canoe.”
Thank you for sharing, very interesting, Mahalo Nui
that was very helpful thank you
Hello, many years ago I dreamt of a lizard/dog creature swimming in clear light blue water near a light sandy beach. I’ve been looking for a resource that describes the creature for a while. So glad you wrote this article. Thanks for sharing.


Why is an atomic bomb so bright?
This is because the heat of a nuclear explosion is unlike anything else on Earth. Seventy years ago today, when the first atomic weapon was tested, they called its light cosmic. The heat is such that the air around it becomes luminous and incandescent and then opaque; for a moment, the brightness hides itself.
How strong are atom bombs?
Nuclear bombs have had yields between 10 tons TNT (the W54) and 50 megatons for the Tsar Bomba (see TNT equivalent). A thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 2,400 pounds (1,100 kg) can release energy equal to more than 1.2 million tons of TNT (5.0 PJ).
What kind of energy is the atomic bomb?
The atomic bomb is clean energy, It is also called the atom bomb, The weapon with great explosive power that results from the sudden release of the energy upon the splitting or fission of the nuclei of the heavy elements such as plutonium or uranium.
What are the effects of an atomic bomb?
Atomic bombs properties and effects. In the splitting process, There is a huge amount of thermal energy, Gamma rays and two or more neutrons is released too, Under certain conditions, the emitted neutrons strike and fission more of the surrounding uranium nuclei that emit more neutrons which split still more nuclei.
Why was the atomic bomb used in World War 2?
The immense destructive power of atomic weapons derives from a sudden release of energy produced by splitting the nuclei of the fissile elements making up the bombs’ core. The U.S. developed two types of atomic bombs during the Second World War. The first, Little Boy, was a gun-type weapon with a uranium core. Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima.
How big is the most powerful atomic bomb?
It was designed to be powerful as 100 mega tons of TNT, but some problems occurred for such a beast to be blown up. So the bomb was made equal to 50 mega tons (mega = 1 000 000 tons, or 50 MT = 50 000 000 tons of TNT) of TNT. Even it’s power was reduced by half, this had been the biggest nuclear explosion so far.


Last Updated on February 23, 2023, by eNotes Editorial. Word Count: 294
"London" by William Blake is a poem with four stanzas in which the poet describes a journey through "each charter'd street" of the city and details the "woe" he observes in every quarter. The poem is similar in content and theme to other Blake poems about the plight of the working classes and reflects his concerns about his home city and its inequalities.
Blake uses anaphora and repetition to amplify the core message of the poem: that "mind-forged manacles" oppress the people of London and can be observed "in every cry of every Man," in "every Infant" and indeed "in every voice." The description of London, and even the Thames, as "charter'd" further suggests that there are constraints on the city which are amplifying its widespread "woe."
Reflecting the concerns of many during the Industrial Revolution, Blake observes "how the Chimney-sweepers cry" and describes the "blackning Church," a victim of the blackening effect of smoke churned out by factories as heavy industry grows in the city. He also refers to the "hapless Soldiers sigh" being metaphorically represented in blood on the "palace walls," a condemnation of the way working class men were coerced into the army and used as if they were dispensable.
In the final stanza, Blake creates a bleak picture of London's "midnight streets" as being filled with "youthful Harlots," whose "curse" engenders pain in "new-born Infants" and "blights . . . the Marriage hearse." This stanza laments the growth of underground prostitution in London and its effects upon marriage and the nuclear family; the concept of a "Marriage hearse" is a chilling oxymoron which ends the poem on a very disheartening note. The state of London, with its child labor, its prostitution, and its "manacles" upon the poor, is, in Blake's assessment, dire indeed.


Today we are taking a look at something all chefs, kids and adults, need to know. In many recipes we need to use knives to chop, slice, and dice. With a little bit of knowledge, knives can go from scary to safe. We will go over basics of using a knife called a chef’s knife, then take a look at how to dice an onion like a pro!
A chef’s knife is a common knife to find in the kitchen, and can be used for many different things. A chef’s knife looks like this:
However, if you don’t have a chef’s knife at your house, what we are learning can work with other knives too.
First, let’s learn how to grip the knife. To watch a short 1-minute video explaining this, click here.
Now that we know how to hold the knife, let’s use the knife to dice an onion.
First, cut the onion in half as pictured:
Next, cut off the ends and peel the dry, papery layers off of the onion.
Create Tip: Have a garbage bowl out on your table. It will make things much easier and less messy.
Now, using your knife, cut the onion into strips, but don’t cut all the way through to the end.
Next, slice the onion in the opposite direction in thin strips. With the hand that isn’t holding the knife, remember to curl your fingers so your knuckles are closest to the knife as shown in the video.
Repeat with the other half, and just like that, your onion is diced! From here, the possibilities are endless. To used your diced onion to make a simple salsa, click here.
When it comes to knife skills, practice makes perfect. As you practice, using a knife in the kitchen will become much easier and take less time.
This week, try using your new skills by finding a recipe that includes a diced onion, or create your own.
– Kids Create Team
1 thought on “Knife Skills: Slice and Dice an Onion”


Dr. John Meyer
You’ve heard about formative assessment and its impact on student achievement. How is it designed to be carried out in the classroom?
This short, one-credit, online course will deepen participants’ understanding of the formative assessment process and help them gain the skills to implement it confidently.
This course makes use of the Teaching That Works instructional model. This model is based upon research-based professional development practice.
Formative Assessment That Works utilizes the following instructional methods:
- Job-embedded: Participants will apply the formative assessment process in their own classroom and with their own students. That way it can be tried out immediately and tailored to fit each teacher’s needs.
- Collaborative: Participants will refine their understandings, discover applications, and reflect on their practice with colleagues. Participants may converse online via convenient written forum discussions, or through computer-aided, face-to-face technology.
- Practical: After learning about the formative assessment process and seeing it modeled, the participant creates his/her own formative assessment lesson and puts it into practice.
- Reflective: The teacher and instructor review the lesson and discuss what went well, what can be better, and how to improve.
You will also earn Learning Target, Quick and Full Formative Assessment Micro-Credentials when you successfully complete this course!
Instructor: Dr. John Meyer, DMLC ’87
Read More About Formative Assessment in our
Issues in Lutheran Education blog


Washington, DC – Congresswoman Elise Stefanik (R-NY-21) has cosponsored H.R. 2817, the National Historic Preservation Amendments Act -- legislation intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites across New York’s 21st district and the entire country.
“The North Country is fortunate to be home to hundreds of important historic sites that this legislation would help preserve,” said Congresswoman Stefanik. “This commonsense, bipartisan legislation will help preserve these historical treasures for future generations to enjoy. As the Representative of hundreds of sites included on the National Register of Historic Places, I am proud to support this important legislation.”
The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) is legislation intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites in the United States of America. The act created the National Register of Historic Places, the list of National Historic Landmarks, and the State Historic Preservation Offices. Many of these sites are in New York’s 21st District, driving tourism and ensuring the long term preservation of critically important historical sites throughout our country.
New York’s 21st District includes hundreds of sites that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, such as the Adirondack Forest Preserve, Fort Ticonderoga, Lake George Battlefield Park Historic District, and Sackets Harbor Battlefield. A more comprehensive list of sites in New York’s 21st District is attached.


The Esophagus is a long, hollow tube that connects your throat to your stomach. Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that develops there. The food you swallow is moved through your esophagus from the back of your throat to your stomach so it may be digested.
Usually, the cells that line the interior of the Esophagus are where esophageal cancer develops. Anywhere along the Esophagus is susceptible to this deadly disease. Esophageal cancer affects more men than women.
The sixth most frequent cause of caner-related fatalities globally is this. Varying geographic regions have varying incidence rates. The use of alcohol and tobacco products, as well as certain dietary practices and obesity, may all contribute to greater prevalence of esophageal cancer in specific areas.
Also read, 42-year-old’s “birthmark” turned out to be what?
Symptoms of Esophageal Cancer:
- A difficulty swallowing brought on by the oesophageal lumen’s propensity to narrow due to the same. At initially, only solid foods are challenging to swallow, but as the illness progresses, issues with liquids may also arise.
- When trying to eat something and experiencing food-related pain when swallowing, be cautious since this could be an indication of disease. Because of this, swallowing may be painful in those with ulcerated ulcers. This is referred to as odynophagia.
- Uncomfortable chest: Chest pain is one of the typical symptoms. There can be chest or back pain. As a result, you can find it challenging.
- Coughing: A chronic cough is a symptom of this particular cancer breed. The earliest possible visit to the doctor is recommended.
- There is no way to ignore some of the symptoms, including nausea, bone pain, and weight loss.
If you have any persistent symptoms that bother you, schedule a visit with your doctor.
Your risk of developing the disease is increased if you have Barrett’s Esophagus, a precancerous condition brought on by persistent acid reflux. Consult your doctor for a list of symptoms and signs that could indicate a worsening of your disease.
For more health related news, click here.


What Causes Roof Discoloration?
When you live in Texas, it is not uncommon to see roof discoloration. There are many factors that contribute to staining roofs and while most stains are cosmetic, some can be more damaging than you may expect. Here is a quick guide to roof discoloration and the reasons they are changing their color.
Algae Stains & Clean Streaks
Algae stains are probably the most common type of roof discoloration. Algea vary in color from black to dark green/brown. There are many different types of algae that have been found on roofs and all are typically in humid climates. Algae stains usually form in areas of high shade and moist spots. Black streaks that spread across different shingles identify the discoloration as algae. This can be easily washed off with an anti-algae agent mixed with water. Be sure not to power wash or aggressively scrub the roof as this can cause extra roof wear. Clean streaks can be found trailing from certain protrusions of your roof such as aluminum vent fixtures. The aluminum salts can slowly wash down the roof preventing growth of algae in streaks where algae usually tends to grow.
This is often confused with algae stains, however, you will notice that the stains will seem to originate from specific shingles and not in generic areas. This roof discoloration comes from manufacturing defects where the shingles have not been properly cured and the pigment of the asphalt leeches out of the shingles, causing dark streaks on your roof.
Debris stains can vary in color from brown to black and can be attributed from both organic and inorganic matter. Brown to black stains found in the shady areas under trees are caused from both small and large particles falling off the tree and essentially dyeing the color of your shingles. This type of stain can also be found where debris tends to collect on your roof. Grey to black stains will often be found around chimneys and can be attributed to soot and ash. Gently washing with soap and water can help with some of these stains.
If you have any questions about roof discoloration, feel free to give Peak Roofing & Construction a call at (972) 335-7325. We are happy to assist you with making your roof look brand new!


|Alternative names||Machha jhola |
Machhak Jhora in Mithila, Bihar
|Place of origin||India,|
|Region or state||Mithila, Odisha and Bengal|
|Associated cuisine||India (Maithil cuisine)|
|Main ingredients||Fish, potato, chili, tomato, garlic, ginger, onion, Indian spices|
Machher Jhol (Bengali: মাছের ঝোল), Machha Jhola (Odia: ମାଛ ଝୋଳ) or Machhak Jhora (Maithili: माछक झोर) is a traditional spicy fish curry in Bengali and Odia cuisines in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It is in the form of a very spicy stew or gravy that is served with rice. Machher Jhol is liberally seasoned with turmeric, garlic, onions, and grated ginger and Indian spices. Potatoes are added to the curry as a thickening agent. Tomatoes are also added to impart the dish with a reddish color which is preferred by the people of Bengal.
The kinds of fish that typically used in Odia and Bengali households are ilish or ilishi, rui , and catla. Apart from these, there are some famous small sized fish that are normally favoured over others.
Fish, potatoes, onions, ginger, garlic, turmeric, tomatoes, chilli peppers, other seasonings.


Programs and Initiatives
The Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) works on a variety of programs and initiatives to improve service delivery for the registrants and consumers, and to build public awareness on sustainable pest management practices.
Here is a sample of them:
- Healthy lawns
- International cooperation
- Sustainable pest management
- Water monitoring for pesticides
- Pesticide Risk Reduction Program
- Electronic Pesticide Regulatory System (e-PRS)
6 Natural Resources Departments Pesticides and Pest Management Working Group (6NR)
The mandate of the 6 Natural Resources Departments Pesticides and Pest Management Working Group (6NR WG) is to coordinate, promote and foster closer cooperation between the federal research and regulatory communities working on pesticides and pest management issues.
Membership includes departments and agencies with a research, policy or regulatory capacity related to pesticides and/or pest management, namely:
- Agriculture and Agri-food Canada (AAFC),
- the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA),
- Environment Canada (EC),
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO),
- Health Canada (HC), and
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan).
The 6 NR WG focuses on identifying, prioritizing and coordinating pesticide research and monitoring activities and on facilitating the timely transfer of results to support decision making. This cooperation contributes to strengthening science-based decision making in the regulation of pesticides and the identification of effective risk mitigation strategies.
To know more about our programs and initiatives, contact the Pest Management Information Service.
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I just read David Orr’s essay “The Style of Luis de Gongora” collected in his You, Too, Could Write a Poem. His argument is that the debates over whether poetry is simple or difficult are debates about style. He cites lines from Wallace Stevens and Frank O’Hara to illustrate the differences in their respective styles to lead into an analysis of the early modern, Spanish poet Luis de Gongora’s work. His writing is compelling, approachable, and persuasive, so that his point seems obvious. The whole collection is well worth checking out.
CHILDREN, QUESTIONS, POEMS
Children’s minds are wondrous. They ask questions, many simple and profound, and are unafraid to share their doubt, skepticism, and curiosity. Uncovering the child-self inside any person is often key to regaining intimacy with your creative self. Julia Cameron’s The Artist’s Way is concerned with recreating a life in which that child-self is welcome and safe.
This week’s prompt takes inspiration from those connections and from a neat op-docs piece on the NYT’s site.
Imagine one of your childhood friends, think back to your early days when you saw this friend regularly and the times you had together. What are the questions you would like to ask that person? What are the questions you wanted to ask them when you were a child? Write a poem in only questions that captures the nature of your relationship with this friend. Use words that you might have used then, language that reflects the nature of the friendship, a structure that mirrors the fabric of that connection.


No-loss air drain valves, also known as zero-loss drain traps or no-loss drains, continuously measure for condensate and remove it only when needed. Removing condensate is important to the air quality levels required by your equipment. No-loss drains remove condensate from compressed air systems with no associated loss of compressed air. They are typically installed at the compressor, air dryer, filter, storage tank or at any point in the piping where moisture might collect. No-loss drains open a valve only when signaled by the condensate level control, making the no-loss drain a more efficient option.
No-loss condensate drains can:
- Improve air quality
- Eliminate the need for periodic adjustments of interval and cycle times often associated with timed drains
- Eliminate clogging and pressure loss associated with a float operated valve
- Reduce energy costs by eliminating air loss
- Lower maintenance frequency and costs
Timed drains, an alternative to no-loss drains, use a timer to drain under the worst-case condensation conditions and therefore often release valuable compressed air along with condensate.
An incentive of $200 per unit is available for retrofits and new construction projects.
The average payback, including incentive, is less than one year.


Acknowledging the importance of drought mitigation strategies, EU researchers underlined the need to tackle climate change, the root of the problem.
Researchers at the European Commission have warned that nearly half of the EU's territory is currently at risk of drought, as southwest Europe wilted under a punishing heatwave.
In a report for July, the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre said on Monday that 46 percent of the EU's territory was exposed to warning-level drought, with 11 percent at an alert level, with crops already suffering from the lack of water.
Italy was the hardest hit, with the Po River basin in the north of the country facing the highest level possible of drought severity, the EU said.
Italy declares state of emergency for areas surrounding river Po, which accounts for roughly third of country's agricultural production and is suffering its worst drought for 70 years pic.twitter.com/f6XBImYUeY— TRT World Now (@TRTWorldNow) July 5, 2022
'Very critical situation'
In Spain, water reservoir volumes are currently 31 percent lower than the 10-year average, the report said, while in Portugal, water to produce hydroelectric energy is at half the average of the previous seven years.
The EU researchers also warned that the lack of water and strong heat are driving crop yields lower in France, Romania, Spain, Portugal and Italy.
Weather forecasts predict more of the same, the report said, adding to an already "very critical situation" that will exacerbate the effects on agriculture, energy and water supply.
READ MORE: Europe heatwave: UK, France brace for hottest day on record
Dozens of wildfires ravage Spain scorching thousands of hectares of land causing many residents to evacuate their homes pic.twitter.com/pQ8i4u79fz— TRT World Now (@TRTWorldNow) July 18, 2022


The Iowa Catholic Conference offers these comments on House Study Bill 671 based on the principles of taxation found in Catholic social teaching.
There are two basic moral principles that should govern the collection and distribution of taxes as they benefit the State of Iowa and its people.
Legislators should practice distributive justice wisely, so that all people can share in the benefits of life in society, for example, education, health care, protection of the environment and security. There should be a special concern for the poor and vulnerable who cannot provide themselves with what is needed to live in dignity. The Iowa Catholic Conference supports raising adequate revenues for a strong social safety net.
Taxpayers should practice contributive justice, cooperating with the government to contribute to the common good by paying their fair share of taxes. Through contributions collected by taxes, we share the blessings that God has given us so that these resources can be used for the good of all. A just and equitable system of taxation ensures that everyone contributes to society according to his or her ability to pay.
Levying and paying taxes are essential acts of government and of mutual dependence. But when all are mindful of the needs of all, then the rights and dignity of each individual are safeguarded.
Regarding provisions of the bill:
Taxes Will Be Lowered By More Than $53 Million in the First Year and $1.7 Billion Over Five Years: Will this allow adequate revenues for public education, Medicaid, public safety, a strong safety net, and other acts of government essential to the common good? In addition, a greater share of taxes paid will be shifted from the income tax to the sales tax, which typically falls more heavily on lower-income people.
529 Plans: The bill couples with federal tax law changes and benefits parents who pay nonpublic K-12 tuition. This provision should be retained.


Symmetries in nature make things beautiful; symmetries in data make data handling efficient. However, the complexity of identifying such patterns in data has always bedeviled researchers. Scientists from Osaka Metropolitan University and their colleagues have taken a major step towards detecting symmetries in multi-dimensional data by utilizing Bayesian statistics. Their findings were published in The Annals of Statistics.
Bayesian statistics has been in the spotlight in recent years due to improvements in computer performance and its potential applications in artificial intelligence. Bayesian statistics is a statistical approach that, even when data are insufficient, derives the probability of an event occurring by first setting a prior probability and then, whenever new information is obtained, calculating a posterior probability—an update to the prior probability—that the event will occur. The calculation of posterior probabilities requires complex calculations of integrals and therefore is often considered an approximation only.
The international team including Professor Hideyuki Ishi from Osaka Metropolitan University, Professor Piotr Graczyk from the University of Angers, Professor Bartosz Kołodziejek from Warsaw University of Technology, and the late Professor Hélène Massam from York University (Toronto) has succeeded in deriving new exact integral formulas, and in developing a method to search for symmetries in multi-dimensional data using Bayesian statistical techniques.
When the amount of data to be handled increases, the optimal pattern must be selected from a vast number of patterns, making it difficult to solve the problem precisely. Addressing this challenge, the team has also developed an efficient algorithm for obtaining an approximate solution even in such cases.
In the words of Professor Ishi, “Symmetries in data are ubiquitous in a wide variety of models. Once symmetries are identified, the number of parameters required to display the structure of the data, and the number of samples required to determine the parameters, can be significantly reduced. In the future, the results of this research are expected to contribute to genetic analysis, discovering chromosomes that have the same function in different locations.”
Osaka Metropolitan University is a new public university established by a merger between Osaka City University and Osaka Prefecture University in April 2022. For more science news, see https://www.upc-osaka.ac.jp/new-univ/en-research/, and follow @OsakaMetUniv_en, or search #OMUScience.


Monday, August 3, 2009
Creating Character: Philip
This, to me, is elegant menswear. Philip's helmet was buried with him in his tomb, in Vergina, and can be seen today in the museum there. Philip inherited a kingdom in perilous disarray; by the end of his life, Macedon ruled all of Greece, and Philip's troops were preparing to invade Persia. Were he not subsequently overshadowed by his more famous son, Philip would be remembered today as one of the most brilliant rulers of the ancient world. He was a fun character to create, a likeable rogue: a fierce soldier, canny politician, drinker, womanizer, and surprisingly pragmatic diplomat.
His conflict with Alexander sprang, I think, from the fundamental difference in their characters: Philip wanted to conquer the known world, but Alexander wanted to conquer the unknown world. For all their similarities, he lacked his son's compulsive curiousity. The Oedipal conflict is also vivid in Philip and Alexander's relationship. Freud read Shakespeare; Shakespeare read Plutarch; and Plutarch, one of Alexander's earliest biographers, would have known his Sophocles.
Philip was stabbed to death at his daughter's wedding by one of his bodyguard, a man named Pausanias. Historians have speculated the assassin was hired by Alexander, impatient to assume the throne; or his mother, Olympias, jealous of Philip's recent marriage to a much younger wife; or both of them together. Conveniently, Pausanias is supposed to have tripped as he ran across a vineyard toward his getaway horse, and was caught and torn to pieces before he could be questioned.
Posted by Annabel Lyon at 8:22 AM
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Early Christians used a wide variety of symbols to express their faith. At times, these symbols provided a sort of secret language among believers. When a Christian met a stranger, he could draw one-half of the ichthys or "fish” and wait to see if the stranger would complete the drawing. Christian symbols include the Chi-Rho, Alpha and Omega, anchor, fish, cross, dove, six-point star, pelican and others.
The butterfly is not mentioned in scriptures, but the metamorphosis that a caterpillar goes through is a perfect illustration for the story of the Christian life and resurrection. The butterfly starts life as a caterpillar; then enters a stage so dormant that it appears lifeless in a tomb-like cocoon; finally, a beautiful winged creature appears. Christians lead a life on earth, enter death, and will see eternal life through Jesus Christ. "For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed." - 1 Corinthians 15:52
*Mary Helen Marigza is a lifelong United Methodist, a past missionary with the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, and a current member of Belmont United Methodist Church in Nashville, Tennessee. Marigza created a set of Christian Symbols out of recycled church window glass to tell people about the meaning behind common religious symbols.
Learn more: UMC.org/ChristianSymbols
This video was produced by United Methodist Communications in Nashville, TN.
Contact is Joe Iovino.
This video was first posted on April 1, 2021.


Urinary incontinence also called micturition is urination happening involuntarily and that sure does affect someone’s personal hygiene and social life.
The urinary bladder is capable of holding the urine without any problems, until there is a social place to void. There are 2 valves which help in continence namely involuntary smooth muscle – internal sphincter muscle and that which opens when bladder is half –full and the external sphincter skeletal muscle that which is voluntary and helped by the Kegel’s exercises – pelvic floor hygiene.
Urge incontinence is the sudden urge to urinate leading to involuntary urination from overactive bladder. Frequent urination happens because of the uninhibited detrusor muscle contractions. Treatment focuses on relaxation techniques, bladder drills and anti-muscarinic drugs. A Botox injection into the urinary bladder calms the bladder in worst-case scenario. Stress urinary leakage happens when there is increased intra-abdominal pressure during sneezing, coughing, jogging etc.
There is a direct transmission of pressure to the urinary bladder which forces urine out unintentionally. The stress leakage particularly affects those who have borne babies. The pelvic floor weakens, loses it’s tonicity and doesn’t co-operate anymore. Pelvic floor exercise helps somewhat, but definitive treatment is available in the form of tape [mid-urethral sling] to help support the outlet and thereby provide quality of life. `Over-flow incontinence is leakage of urine after the bladder is filled to the brim and leak happens when urine dribbles out through weak sphincters due to incomplete emptying.
Other conditions that affect nerves such as diabetes, Parkinson’s and multiple sclerosis could also cause incontinence by affecting the nerves of the micturition reflex. Here the symptoms are treated according to the cause.
And finally, don’t put up with this nuisance, but take advice from the doctor and ask for help. And remember, WHO has reclassified those 66 to 79 years old as middle aged and 18 to 65 years as youth or young people.
Amazing, isn’t and we will talk about this in my next blog.


Read more: Click here to read the original, longer version of this story.
Full metal jacket (Image: Norman Nan Shi and Nanfang Yu, Columbia Engineering)
IT’S fashion front line, not fashion faux pas. During the hottest part of the day, when sand temperatures reach 70 °C, the hairy back of the Saharan silver ant repels the sun’s rays and sheds excess heat.
Nanfang Yu from Columbia University in New York was intrigued by how each ant looked like “a droplet of mercury”, so took a closer look.
Yu’s team found that the ants’ silvery appearance comes from a dense array of Toblerone-shaped hairs, which reflect visible and near-infrared light. The hairs are about the same thickness as the wavelength of the sun’s warming rays, so the rays bounce off their triangular walls.
The hairs are much thinner than the wavelengths of mid-infrared light so they allow those wavelengths of light to radiate away from the ants – effectively cooling them down. Ants with hair had body temperatures between 5 and 10 °C lower than those that had been shaved (Science, doi.org/5jc).
Their silvery coats allow the ants to scavenge the corpses of less-fortunate insects and arthropods under the midday sun.
This article appeared in print under the headline “Hairy back keeps Saharan ants cool”


What do you think, will humans get to conquer Mars? For now it still falls within the scope of fiction, but the actual plans to get there have been real for decades. Well, if it ever happens – there’s a hole on Mars where humans could find shelter. And NASA has recently published an epic photo of it.
The hole was discovered accidentally (like many great things in science). The researchers spotted it in 2011 on images of the dusty slopes of Mars’ Pavonis Mons volcano. “The photo was taken by the HiRISE instrument aboard the robotic Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter currently circling Mars,” NASA explains on its website Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD).
Tim Titus of the U.S. Geological Survey in Flagstaff explains that holes like this are entries to the subsurface of Mars, “whether these are just deep vertical shafts or openings into spacious caverns.” He adds that “caves might provide a protected niche for past or current life, or shelter for humans in the future.” The conditions on Mars are pretty harsh, and potential explorers and inhabitants could find shelter in holes such as this one. Whether humans send spacecraft, robots, or even go to Mars themselves someday, these holes and their interior caves could protect them.
I wonder if I’ll live to see the first human sent to Mars? I highly doubt it. Still, I always find discoveries like this exciting, and not to mention that the photos are pretty epic, too.
[via the Independent, APOD; image credits: NASA, JPL, U. Arizona]
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Sports Participation Improves Educational Outcomes and New Skill Development
A recent March 2019 study, Getting Into the Game: Understanding the Evidence for Child-Focused Sport for Development, has shown a correlation between children engaging in sports and factors such as increased educational outcomes, greater social inclusion, increased child protection, and learning new skills. The study was conducted by UNICEF and the Barca Foundation.
The study focused on Sport for Development (S4D) organizations, which are entities that serve a variety of purposes through sport such as improving health, developing physical abilities, encouraging teamwork, promoting educational outcomes, or simply having fun. The study’s findings were informed through over 100 literature article reviews, mapping of available evidence, and surveys of S4D programs. The survey included participation from 106 S4D programs, mostly located in Africa, from a global sample of 2985 identified programs. The survey participants were selected to ensure proportionality and similarity with the global sample in order to generalize results and findings.
The study divided its findings into four key areas:
- Education: Successful programs facilitate a positive teaching and learning environment, focusing on skills such as problem identification, critical thinking, and problem-solving. The appointment and training of qualified educators to lead these initiatives is paramount.
- Social Inclusion: S4D programs should include team-based sports that are participatory to the extent that they adapt to the needs of all children. The creation of supportive and participatory environments that recognize accomplishments should improve social inclusion outcomes.
- Child Protection: By creating safe and secure spaces, children can learn conflict-resolution techniques and skills that will ultimately encourage cooperative behavior.
- Empowerment: Sports programs encourage mastery-based learning. Additionally, children learn civic engagement skills through eliciting the participation of families and communities.
A second phase of research will take place in 2019. To read more about the summary or details of the study, please click here.
This article is available and can be accessed in Spanish here.


Crescent-shaped marking that follows the edges of feathers and can be any natural color.
In dominant form, Crescents (CsCs) can double-up for denser, more concetrated coverage.
Dominant Crescent Examples
Dominant & Recessive Crescent cont.
Below are two examples of each type of presentation.
Take note that these are just general appearances– please refer to the next tab to view more examples & guidelines on how Crescents can be presented on your stryx design.
Recessive Crescents (nCs) appears in rows, each row having one layer of crescents.
Dominant Crescent (CsCs) can have two or three layers of Crescents per row.
- Crescents can appear anywhere within the allowed coverage range, and also do not have to cover the entire range available.
Shape & Coverage cont.
Crescents can be fairly dense and lacey. The first import here is a good example of a more arrow shaped crescent!
There can be crescents more minimal in coverage and less dense, so long as the crescents themselves are not too large.
Appearing in Patches
Crescent can appear in patches around the stryx’s body.
Edges, Blending & Texture
Crescents & Using Fade-Erase
Crescents can fade-erase.
Meaning, the marking can steadily and smoothly “disappear” out into the rest of the design using a very soft erase technique.
Colors & Interaction
Crescents may be any natural color.
While crescents can be soft-erased for smoother transitions, the marking as a whole should feature only one color.
Things to Avoid
- Crescents cannot travel into the wings or tail in a way that resembles Barring.
- Crescents should not be too small, as to resemble Flecks or Frost.


Adds a new column to a datatable and optionally sets values in this new column based on another existing column.
Using a source column as a key, and defining a mapping of key-value pairs, creates a new column containing the
valuescorresponding to the
keyin that row's source column.
data: The datatable to which the new column will be added.
source column: The name of an existing column, which will be matched to the 'keys' in the values argument so that the 'values' can be used to fill in the new target column.
target column: (new column) The name of the new column to be added.
values: A map of key-value pairs. This mapping is used such that for a given value (key) in the source column, a corresponding value (value) should appear in the target column.
data: The datatable with a new column added.
- Apply category or ontology mapping from externally-updated spreadsheet (dynamic dictionary) as shown in Datatable-to-map example.
Example data-flo showing application of extend-datatable to
- Add a column of cleaned data without losing access to the original values in the data source.
- Add a column with a specific flag to identify rows where the source column has a certain value.
- Add a column containing a new level of data (e.g. if you have city and state, add a column containing county, based on the city/state data)


Blue light blocking glasses are becoming increasingly popular due to the growing awareness of the potential negative effects of blue light exposure on our health. Here are some reasons why blue light-blocking glasses may be necessary:
Reduced eye strain: Blue light emitted by electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets can cause eye strain and fatigue, leading to headaches and blurry vision. Blue light blocking glasses can help to reduce this strain and prevent these symptoms.
Improved sleep: Exposure to blue light at night can interfere with our circadian rhythm and disrupt our sleep patterns. Blue light blocking glasses can help to reduce this exposure, allowing for a better night's sleep.
Reduced risk of macular degeneration: Long-term exposure to blue light can damage the retina and increase the risk of macular degeneration. Blue light blocking glasses can help to reduce this risk.
Increased productivity: By reducing eye strain and fatigue, blue light blocking glasses can help to increase productivity and focus, particularly for those who spend long hours working on a computer or using electronic devices.
Better overall eye health: Blue light blocking glasses can help to protect the eyes from the potential long-term effects of blue light exposure, including age-related macular degeneration and cataracts.
Overall, while blue light blocking glasses may not be necessary for everyone, they can provide many benefits for those who spend a lot of time using electronic devices and want to protect their eyes from the potential negative effects of blue light exposure.


SimuLab 3: Wholesale Coin Flipping
Random Walk is a program that uses a computer to do our ten-penny flip thousands of times faster than we can. The computer is programmed so that "heads'' and "tails'' are equally likely to occur. The computer also plots the results. Please see Java Applet Page.
2. Click on the Flip button to flip one coin at a time. Click Flip again. And again. Repeat until you have flipped ten coins. Study the numbers at the bottom and the top of the graph: What is being recorded?
3. Now repeat the process, but this time click Go to have the computer flip coins automatically, one after the other. Notice that as the bar graph (histogram) grows, the vertical scale changes to keep the plot on the screen. The computer will run 100 trials of ten coins each. Record results in your notebook.
4. Now choose a new window (choose Coin Flip in the New box on the control panel).
5. Click Go and watch the graph grow. To speed up the process, choose Less Graphics from the Options menu.
6. Choose the Tile Windows command under the Options menu and compare the two graphs. (Tile Windows shrinks the windows and places them side by side, so you can view more than one at a time.) Are the two patterns the same? Can you predict the shape of the next graph if you make a third run? Try it! Tile the resulting three displays.
7. Click on Coin Flip one more time, select 500 for the Number of Trials under the Experiment menu, and choose Less Graphics under the Options menu. Press Go.
8. Select the Tile Windows command under Options to see all of these results side by side on the screen.
9. Experiment on your own. Change the number of trials. You can also change the number of flips per trial with the Number of Steps command under the Experiment menu. You should now be able to verify the prediction you made at the end of HandsOn 10. Again, make a prediction about what the graph will look like.
Previous: HandsOn 10 - Coin Flipping


St. Mark's Campanile (Bell Tower)
In front of the Basilica we find that which the Venetians call the "Master of the house", moreover, the famous bell tower of San Marco. It is 97 metres high and on top is a golden statue of the Archangel Gabriel. The statue is 3 metres high and has big wings that, when pushed by the wind, make it rotate. For the Venetians, when the angel is facing the Basilica, it is a sign that there will be high water.
On the morning of 14 July 1902 the Venetians woke up without their bell tower. A sudden collapse had forever destroyed one of the iconic images of the city. On the evening of the same day, the City Council gathered out of urgency and decided that the bell tower should be reconstructed 'how it was and where it was'.
Venice could not give up on one of its dearest symbols. Historical records of its reconstruction express the profound attachment of Venetians to this monument: work soon began in 1903 and in 1912, the angel was put back in place.
No less famous than the bell tower are the 5 bells themselves: the Nona, that chimed on the ninth hour, the Marangona (from "marangon", or carpenter), that chimed in the morning and evening – to mark the beginning and end of the working day, the Maleficio, that announced those condemned to death, and finally the Trottiera and the bell of the Pregadi, that called the judges and senators to their seats in the Doge's Palace.


The sharing economy helps everybody live with less. We’ve seen it work for living spaces and for certain possessions, namely books. How about food?
The Community Fridge is an experiment in which a mini-fridge is placed in a public location with these instructions: “Take what you need. Leave what you don’t.” UC Davis grad student Ernst Bertone theorizes that a lot of people have a lot of uneaten food lying around, and we can reduce waste by giving that extra food to others. As this takepart article explains, neighbors are free to place their surplus items in Mr. Bertone’s public mini-fridge (placed by a sidewalk, protected by its own little roof), and free to take anything they find there (mostly nonperishables). Bertone posts new items to a community webpage, giving all a chance to scoop up the ingredients they need most.
Food sharing is gaining traction in countries like Germany and Spain, but community fridges in the US face lots of red tape. I can see why. Rules governing what foods can go in the fridge are hard to enforce, and one rotten egg spoils the lot. There are questions of health and food safety, not to mention responsibility: who pays for electricity? Who keeps it clean? Anybody who’s ever experienced an office refrigerator knows how easy it is to abuse a shared food-storage system, intentionally or otherwise. These unsavory possibilities leave a bad taste in my mouth.
But I love how the project raises awareness of the national epidemic of food waste. And I see many parallels to tiny houses, which by their growing popularity have informed a wider public about the costs of living in excess. (How fitting that Bertone skirted health officials by putting his fridge on wheels… the same tactic homeowners may use to avoid minimum-square-footage zoning laws.) Ideas can move rapidly from extreme to mainstream, and you don’t have to participate to learn something.
Thanks to Caitlin Chapman.
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Today, we will focus on Compassion — how it is learned, how it is taught, and how we are moved to acts of compassion. Since February is Black History month, our speaker, Lauren Young, has chosen to share some of the lessons she learned about compassion in her childhood and teens against the backdrop of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950’s and ’60’s.
Lauren Young, Born in Southern Wisconsin, learned her first lessons in acts of compassion by learning to be kind to animals. Her father was a dairy farmer and her mother was an elementary school teacher. Educationally, she was among the last to attend a rural one-room school (8 grades taught by one teacher); and later, among the last to graduate from a hospital-based, 3-year diploma school leading to a R.N. (Registered Nurse) license. Spiritually, she was first brought up Methodist, then the United Church of Christ; while at the same time, she was taught Unitarian principles and philosophy. Lauren’s great uncle was a Unitarian minister and college chaplain at a liberal college in Ohio, which inspired both her mother’s and her interest in Unitarianism.
Topics: Principle 2. Justice, Equity, and Compassion in human relations, UU Principles


The world's public debt is soaring…. But…
The Covid 19 pandemic put pressure on the world's public finances. States have and still have to spend heavily to manage the health crisis and limit the disastrous impact on the economy in general and in particular on household incomes. The various support plans have reached the astronomical sum of 14 trillion US Dollars (IMF source) or 2,200 billion more since the last evaluation contained in the october 2020 report. The resurgence of the pandemic with the emergence of variants leads to a whole series of new restrictions that require the extension of aid. The crisis has logically caused public deficits to soar The public deficit has reached 13.3% of world GDP compared to 3.3% in 2019. As a percentage of GDP, global public debt has risen from 79.6 in 2012 to 99.5 in projection for 2021.
The deterioration is due to lower revenues and additional expenses. Commodity and oil producers are suffering from collapsing prices. However, the IMF estimates that in 2021 the public deficit is expected to decline at least for developed economies. Its report highlights the positive effect of "debt services that will continue to fall" thanks in particular to very low interest rates. Budgetary support must be maintained until the recovery is significant.
In the United States but also in Europe, India and the rest of Asia, the pandemic weighs heavily in the balance of the various economies. The world's largest economy recorded a 3.5% decline in its activity, its worst result since 1946, with poverty on the rise. Elsewhere, declines are generally noticeable and unemployment is on the rise.
Governments around the world will need to find policies that contribute to a transformation to green, digital and inclusive economies, all within a credible medium-term fiscal framework, especially for countries with high debts.


Palisades Interstate Park Commission
Bear Mountain, New York 10911-0427
The Palisades Interstate Park Commission operates the Palisades Interstate Park in New Jersey and the State Parks and Historic Sites in New York’s Palisades Region. It was formed in 1900 to preserve the famous Palisades Cliffs from several large quarries that were blasting them for crushed stone and building material. Both states pledged faithful cooperation in the future planning, improvement, development, maintenance, government, and management of the park. Since its creation, more than 110,000 acres of forest, wildlife habitats, and cultural resources in New York and New Jersey have been preserved as public parkland.
Palisades Interstate Park Commission is a member of the Southeastern New York Library Resources Council.
Glass lantern slides from the late 1910s and 1920s depicting landscapes, plants, and wildlife in park lands.
A selection of Major Welch's papers created during his time at PIPC.
Images and historical documents related to the history of the Palisades region and the Palisades Interstate Park in New Jersey.
Glass plate negatives taken by William Thompson Howell as he explored the New York Highlands.


Monte Saraceno is a magical place, which still excites those who decide to visit the Gargano today.
In these places, as early as the 9th century BC a peaceful population settled, dedicated to agriculture, hunting and fishing, the Dauni. People very different from the Italic peoples of the nearby Apennines also in the way of honoring and burying the dead.
From the top of a spur of rock overlooking the sea, the necropolis of Monte Saraceno is the ideal place for walks in contact with nature and history. About 5 kilometers from the town of Mattinata, a path of Aleppo pines, almond trees and carob trees leads to the top of Mount Saraceno, on the eastern end of the Gargano, where there is a fascinating proto-historic necropolis dating back more than 2500 years ago.
There are more than 500 tombs carved into the rock, in a mysterious stone landscape that mixes itself with wild nature on one of the most beautiful stretches of coast in the region. Surrounded by the ancient city of Matino, the necropolis preserves traces of the Dauni people, a civilization dedicated to agriculture. In the burials numerous objects of the funerary equipment have been found, such as carved heads, stems and shields, now preserved in the city Civic Museum.
A paradise for nature and archeology lovers, the necropolis also has archeo-trekking paths that culminate in the ancient sacred Via dei Dauni


The Third Ladybird Book of British Birds – #16 The Curlew
I’m currently reading the third volume of the Ladybird Book of British Birds and their nests from the 1950s.
Times have changed for the Curlew:
The Curlew gets its name from its call, which you must often have heard on the radio.
Okay, I’m going to need some help here, from someone who knows their bird cultural history or was alive in the UK in the 1950s and who knows why the Curlew’s call was often heard on the radio.
It is a large bird with a long, curved beak, and in the winter lives on the seashore in large flocks. In the early summer, however, the Curlew nests on moors and bogs, or on hillside fields.
I’d love to see a ‘large flock’ of Curlew. We’ve halved their population here in the last 25 years and almost eradicated them from Northern Ireland entirely. There are only a few hundred pairs of Curlew in the south and midlands of England.
The nest, which is really only a few dead rushes or leaves scraped together, is usually placed amid coarse grasses or heather. It is not easy to find when the eggs are in it, but as soon as they hatch, the parents give the position away by their anxious cries as you approach.
I’ve heard those anxious cries on Westray:
Curlews eat worms, snails, insects and a few berries . .. and a few people eat Curlews.
People certainly did eat Curlews. King Charles I tucked into 11 for dinner in 1625:
That’s historically a small part of the reason their numbers are under such pressure. Changes made to land by farmers, including draining wetlands, and intense grazing by animals for meat as well as house-building have all added to their lack of success in raising families. Another is having 13 million inbred domestic dogs in the UK, allowed off-lead in National Parks, nature reserves and moorland areas.
Who cares enough about Curlews to revolutionise the ownership and use of land, what they eat and how pets are kept? Too few people.
Feel free to leave a Reply :)


I'm research this circuit:
The author of my book says that the purpose of this circuit, said "Self Biased Present Reference", is to generate a current almost independently of the delivery voltage. Boy also says that, if M3 or M4 are perfectly equip, than I1=Iref. Then e follows that: AN 2-nW 1.1-V self-biased current reference in CMOS technologies
off which I can find VGS1 also I1.
Your 1: When and author says that the current mirror belongs perfectly matched and following I1=Iref, isn't it too much simplified? He neglects channel lenght transition, but in reality the source-to-drain voltages of M3 and M4 will nay be equal (because we have just M1 under M3, instead we have M2 and one resistor under M4)
Question 2: Why is this current very independent about VDD? The autor says:
"The value of the generated current weakly depends on the supply voltage because there is an high impedance element per branch capable to absorbing possible feeding variations. These two parts are the transistors M2 and M3. The flow to source spannkraft starting M1 and M4 cannot not change freely: the former is two VGS above ground that latter is of VGS below VDD. Anywhere supply fluctuation is then “absorbed” the the high resistance that we have within drain and source by M2 and M3"
I don't understand the strong portion of the copy: why be any fluctuation “absorbed” by the high resistance that we have between drain and source of M2 and M3?