The thought of an asteroid hitting Earth is terrifying. Thankfully, NASA has a program to help spot potential disasters in advance.
That computer program, called Scout, proved its worth at the end of October by warning researchers of a near-Earth asteroid five days before it flew by the planet.
Five days might not seem like all that much, but previous NASA warnings were just a day in advance –– sometimes just hours in advance.
Plus, the more advance notice NASA has, the more work it can do with other agencies, like FEMA, to prepare for the worst.
Besides giving an arrival time, the Scout program can estimate how far away asteroids will be when they zoom by Earth.
SEE MORE: NASA Wants To Go To An Asteroid And Bring Part Of It Back
That information helps NASA know whether to freak out or not. This recent flyby wasn't cause for concern because the asteroid passed Earth with a very comfortable 310,000-mile buffer.
NASA has been spotting dangerous asteroids since 2002 with a different program, but finding smaller asteroids has been a harder problem that Scout was designed to solve.
Because they're brighter, the larger an asteroid is, the easier it is to find.
The asteroids Scout is used for aren't big enough to wipe out an entire city (but don't worry; a different NASA program spots those). Small asteroids can pack quite the punch, though.
Scout's still being tested, but it's supposed to become fully operational by the end of the year.
In the meantime, NASA has over 1,700 potentially hazardous asteroids to keep an eye on.


Sun Protection Clothing Saves You from Damage and Skin Cancer
by Seema Mishra
(Nagpur, Maharashtra, India)
You all know about the harm that UV rays of the sun produce on your skin and body. So there is a need to wear sun protection clothing when you have to go out in the bright sun.
The sun protection clothing help reduce the damage that could be done without it.
There was a misconception in my mind that a cotton shirt or so will protect me from the harmful sunrays.
But the fact is that these sun protective clothing
lines are designed and the materials used are such that really help protect your skin from the dangerous impact of the sunrays.
There are different categories of clothing for various purposes and their results are extremely admiring.
I tried a rash guard
for my gym and exercise time outdoors. I had a very good and comfortable experience with it.
There is spf clothing
and hats specially designed to give sun protection
. Swimwear too is offered in sun protective materials and the sunscreens that are vital before you go out in sun.
I take care of these things and whenever I have to go out in sun I protect myself with these special clothes so that I am completely sheltered from the harmful sunrays.
It is not only that the sunrays tan your skin but also excess exposure to sunrays may produce different types of skin cancer
So it is very important to wear sun protection clothing.


Please check out our new Opinion Poll on Public Announcement of Grades and cast your vote by the end of April 2013. As you know …
your opinion counts
Our March 2013 poll was about Open-book tests and exams:
Tests and exams should be open-book, because they focus on understanding the material at a higher level, rather than testing a student’s memory and recall.
• I agree. Open book tests teach you how to find information when you need it. The questions are designed to teach students how to think; they have to prepare differently for these tests. (76%, 55 Votes)
• I disagree. Open-book tests take the rigour out of test preparation and let students off the hook. Students put more effort into studying for a traditional test and so learn the material better. (24%, 17 Votes)
Those who think that tests and exams should be open-book won this poll by a big margin. Over 3/4 of the respondents feel that open book tests and exams are a more effective means of assessing students’ understanding and learning, rather than traditional closed-book tests that stress on memory and recall. The remaining 1/4 voters believe that the rigour that is part of traditional testing, is essential for learning.


Take the prep work out of guided math rotations and make life easier for yourself. POWER Math Reference Mats tailor instruction for your students with NO PREP on your behalf! Differentiate math with ease!
What are Guided Math Reference Mats?
POWER Math Reference Mats are designed to assist teachers during math rotations. Housed with specific target skills for each level in your class, POWER Math Reference Mats come with various problems for you to give to your students when working in small groups. Group A is for students who are in need of remediation, Group B is for students working on grade level, and Group C is for students who need enrichment. Each mat comes with target skills that are designed to match the needs of each student level in your class. There are questions/problems for each target skill which can be given to your students. Power Math Reference Mats require little materials: whiteboards, expo markers, and erasers or paper and pencils.
Standards & Topics Covered
Operations and Algebraic Thinking
➥ 2.OA.1 – Represent and solve addition and subtraction word problems, within 100
➥ 2.OA.2 – Demonstrate fluency with addition and subtraction, within 20, using mental strategies
➥ 2.OA.3 – Determine whether a group of objects, within 20, has an odd or even number of members
➥ 2.OA.4 – Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and up to 5 columns; write an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends.


10 Healthy Juices For Child
1. Watermelon juice:
A perfect drink for summer days to avoid dehydration. It also contains fiber which is essential for child growth.
2. Carrot juice:
Carrot contains carotene which is very good for eyes.
3. Apple juice:
AN APPLE A DAY KEEPS THE DOCTOR AWAY. Apple contains the high amount of calcium and fiber which is essential for children’s body.
4. Orange juice:
Orange is mostly preferred by the majority of the kids. It contains the good source of vitamin C and potassium.
5. ABC juice (Apple, Beetroot, Carrot juice):
A healthy drink for children for the good functioning of immune system.
6. Grape juice:
Grapes is fully filled with anti-oxidants. It is one of the easy digestive fruit. Grapes can reduce the acidity of the stomach.
7. Coconut water:
Coconut water can boost the immune system and it contains vitamins and minerals and has equal importance as breast milk.
8. Mango juice:
This easily digestible fruit is protected eyesight and strengthen the immune system.Always remember to choose to ripen mangoes as otherwise, it can be indigestible.
9. Tomato juice:
The highly nutritional vegetable juice can supply vitamin A to the children. The high source of anti-oxidants present in the tomato can neutralize the metabolism.
10. Lemon water:
Lemon is good for the body to get rid of digestive problems. Lemon juice can avoid Diarrhea and it can reduce the symptom of vomiting in children.
The health of children is important for each parent. So do not offer them more fruit juices as it leads to complicated health issues. Offer them a minimum amount and they can enjoy different taste and flavors. Hope this article gives you an idea about juices that stay children healthy.
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The beauty and hell of utopia and dystopia is the subject of Japan Society’s Garden of Unearthly Delights, which opened today in Manhattan.
Japanese Tsunami Damages National Treasures
Beyond a rising death toll of over 10,800, the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in northern Japan has also damaged a current total of 353 Japanese cultural landmarks, including temples, historic sites and iconic landscapes called “places of scenic beauty.” The Matsushima area, north of Sendai, is among the worst hit in terms of cultural damage. Sites damaged include Matsushima’s Zuigan-ji Temple, a Buddhist temple complex founded in 828 whose walls were cracked in the earthquake, as well as 3 other National Treasures.
Is Japanese Radiation Bad For Art? [UPDATE]
According to the Japanese Chunichi Shimbun newspaper, an exhibition called The Birth of French Impressionism set to open at the Prefectural Art Museum in Hiroshima City on April 5 has been canceled due to the cancellation of art loans from France. The loans seem to have been canceled because of fear of radiation damage to the artworks due to the Japanese earthquake and its aftereffects on the area’s nuclear power plants. No one wants to see an irradiated Cezanne! Yet a glance at a map of Japan shows that the French could be worrying a little too much. [Hat tip to Annie Bissett]


The rate at which running time increases as a function of input is called Rate of Growth.
Let us assume that you went to a shop to buy a car and a cycle. If your friend sees you there and asks what you are buying then in general we say buying a car. This is because. cost of a car is too big compared to cost of cycle (approximating the cost of cycle to the cost of a car).
Total Cost = cost_of_car + cost_of_cycle
Total Cost ≈ cost_of_car (approximation)
For the above example, we can represent the cost of car and cost of cycle in terms of function and for a given function ignore the low order terms that are relatively insignificant (for large values of input size, n). As an example in the below case, n4 , 2n2, 100n, and 500 are the individual costs of some function and approximate it to n4. Since, n4 is the highest rate of growth.
n4 + 2n2 + 100n + 500n ≈ n4
Commonly used Rate of Growth
Below is the list of rate of growths which we will see further.
|1||Constant||Adding an element to the front of a linked list|
|log n||Logarithmic||Finding an element in a sorted array|
|n||Linear||Finding an element in a unsorted array|
|nlog n||Linear Logarithmic||Sorting n items by ‘Divide and Conquer’|
|n2||Quadratic||Shortest path between 2 nodes in a graph|
|2n||Exponential||The Towers of Hanoi problem|


Yet the U.S. Gov & Agencies Lied, And Broke Federal Law As Alternatives Existed.
Key Notes From Video
- Ivermectin – prevents a virus from entering the cells and replicating. Been used for over 50+ years.
- Suramin – a century-old medicine that prevents the SARS virus from entering the cell and replication. Both Ivermectin & Suramin prevent spike proteins from binding to the ACE-2 Receptor in the cells.
“Suramin has been used to treat African sleeping sickness and that has also shown activity against a number of viruses in preclinical studies. In addition, suramin was shown to block SARS-CoV-2 at an earlier step of the replication cycle in time-of-addition assays”Yin et al., 2021, p. 323
- N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), the FDA, is trying to ban this vitamin. Why? It’s an antioxidant. It reduces the oxidation of spike protein and reduces damage after toxicity. It restores damaged cells to a normal state. Been around for decades, and the FDA never had an issue until now. Can’t trust the FDA.
- Catechin & Kurkumin are anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. You can find them in teas or in vitamin pill form.
- Carpenter herb helps prevents the virus from infecting the cell.
One important point, Federal law requires healthcare practitioners to disclose if alternatives to the EUA exist. The law also states a person cannot be forced into the use of a EUA experimental vaccine. Yet, government officials, politicians, and health care professionals did it, regardless. They willfully lied.
Because millions died and were injured at their hand, they should be arrested at a minimum. The fact they’re not and instead protected shows America has no rule of law. Instead, corporations and Big Pharma run the country. Fascism 101, the marriage of government and corporations.


Depending on the specific circumstances, someone who engages in phishing may be subject to criminal charges. Nevertheless, many criminals use these fraudulent scams to deceive people throughout Pennsylvania and the rest of America. There are many different types of phishing scams that potential victims should be aware of.
Deceptive phishing is considered to be the most frequently occurring form of the phishing scam. It refers to attacks in which imposters impersonate legitimate companies in order to steal personal data or login credentials. An alarming sense of urgency is often employed in order to prompt the users to comply with the attacker’s commands.
Whether or not a deceptive phishing scam is successful depends on how well the attack email can mimic the email of a legitimate company. Individuals can thwart deceptive phishing scams by carefully examining URLs to determine if they point to an unknown site. Generic salutations, spelling mistakes and grammar errors are also common throughout these types of emails.
Spear phishing is a customized form of scam in which the email that is sent to the target contains the recipient’s name, job title, name of employer and workplace telephone number. This type of information could fool the recipient into believing that the connection with the sender is genuine.
Social media sites are popular areas for spear phishing as multiple sources of data can be used by the attackers to create targeted emails. The objective of spear phishing is the same as that of deceptive phishing, which is to obtain personal data by having the recipient click on unsafe email attachments or URLs.
A criminal defense attorney can advise someone who has been charged with white-collar crimes, such as phishing, about their legal options. The lawyer may consider the factors of a case and the client’s criminal history before suggesting legal strategies.


The 2009 Fall Campout Meeting was held October 3-4 at the National Audubon Society’s Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch ;located about an hour south of Tucson near Elgin, Arizona. The Research Ranch is a sanctuary for native plants and animals encompasses nearly 7000 acres of semi-arid grassland and related ecosystems, which support 22 species of conservation concern. Partially owned by the National Audubon Society and recognized as an Important Bird Area, the sanctuary has remained ungrazed by domestic livestock since 1969 and has been protected within a larger ecosystem under pressure from continued growth of the human population.
On Saturday, Linda Kennedy, Director of the Research Ranch, provided a history of the Ranch as well as an overview of some of the research and restoration projects that have been implemented on the Ranch. Dan Robinett talked about the Arizona Water Protection Fund project to conserve riparian areas on Babocomari Creek and key tributaries located on the Babocomari Ranch and Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch. Ron Tiller presented information about sacaton grasslands, their importance, and how to manage to enhance them. After the speakers everyone had time to explore the area and then the Council provided dinner. On Sunday morning we learned about some of the monitoring projects that are occurring on Turkey Creek, O’Donnell Creek and the Babacomari River during a hike through these riparian systems.


Here are some facts about the Bridge of Sighs.
- The Bridge of Sighs is one of the most popular sights in Venice, Italy. It crosses the Rio di Palazzo and connects part of the Doge’s Palace with the new prison.
- It was built of white limestone in 1600, and designed by Antonio Contino. It is one of 400 bridges in the city, which cross 400 canals.
- Nobody is certain how the Bridge of Sighs got its name. It may have been from prisoners sighing as they walked across the bridge to the prison.
- The bridge was built from white limestone from Istria, about 200 km away. The outside of the bridge is lined with sculptures of happy and sad faces.
- There are several other bridges around the world with the same name. The Bridge of Sighs at the Venetian casino in Las Vegas is an exact copy, but smaller. There are also ones in Cambridge and Oxford in the UK.
- Tradition has it that a couple will be happy forever if they kiss in a gondola at sunset under the bridge. The 1979 film A Little Romance has a plot based on this legend.
- A tourist was hit in the leg by a piece of marble falling from the bridge in 2007. The incident led to restoration of the bridge which cost the equivalent of 3 million pounds.
- Casanova was one of the most famous people to walk across the Bridge of Sighs. However, he was able to escape from the supposedly secure prison after being held for just 15 months.
- The Romantic poet Byron mentioned the bridge in an 1812 book. He wrote “I stood in Venice, on the Bridge of Sighs; a palace and a prison on each hand.”
- Inside the bridge are two narrow passages separated by a wall, and windows covered with grills. The interior can only be seen by visitors who go on a guided walk of the Doge’s Palace.


A Midwest native dogwood found in damp to wet sites. Best in full sun in moist areas. Tolerant of soil pH.
The dogwood family is desired for ornamental uses in landscapes across the United States. Dogwoods are valued by gardeners for their spring flowers, summer foliage, fruit and leaf color. Each species of dogwood has their own unique look, Cornus amomum is a shrub which can be used in places of excess runoff or areas of water collection in a landscape as it thrives in moist to wet soil conditions. The shrub provides beautiful colors throughout the spring, summer and fall. Cornus amomum has also been used in the outdoors to help with erosion control along slopes and steep inclines, it can be planted by farmers and landowners to provide a windbreaks for homes and agriculture fields, its uses can include building natural borders between land and for wildlife conservation, and it can be used to provide habitat for many types of wildlife. Finally, Cornus amomum can minimize stream bank erosion and add stabilization along bank when coupled together with other well rooted trees and shrubs like willows. Some problems can arise from the use of Cornus amomum as a natural border, mostly as a border for wildlife and livestock. While the shrubs create a useful barrier, grazing wildlife and livestock tend to damage much of the shrub when the fruit are ripe. Other than that, there are no impending diseases or pest which would pose any sort of problem for the shrub.


Talk Show Guests
THE LEPOINT TRIABRAIN DISCOVERY: When two black holes collided in Space in February 2016, scientists were finally able to prove Einstein’s theory of General Relativity when a gravitational wave blasted out of the collision. With a strong understanding of Chaos Theory mathematics, Olympia LePoint made the discovery that Space and the brain are similar in structure. Further, brain waves are formed by similar internal collisions in the brain. More importantly, the brain now can be redefined into three sectors: Faith, Emotional and Scientific. And each sector has its role in working together to find the answers in front of you.
Lesson Learned from Life – Part 1
Air Date: February 17, 2016 on KPC Radio
(content for episode description goes here – DON’T DELETE the social media shortcode below!)
With all three powerful experiences, Olympia LePoint discovered that the TRIABRAIN is responsible for overcoming adversity, creating inventions and reshaping the brain. And by reshaping it, answers are found. Olympia LePoint overcame her odds to become a rocket scientist. After being raised in a less than stellar environment, Olympia LePoint found a way to enter California State University, becoming a top mathematician in the nation. She overcame adversity to find answers. Later, she helped design and create rockets for NASA’s Space Flight program where she saw brilliant scientists envision a approaches before any evidence of the concepts existed. She witnessed that the invention process created new answers. Then her biggest epiphany came when she helped her mother regain strength after a traumatic brain injury. She saw that the brain regrows back at any age, despite what some scientists may claim. All three experiences led her to discover the TRIABRAIN.


eXtended reality for teachers
Academic researchers at The Open University's Institute of Educational Technology (IET) are working with a consortium of partners from across Europe to assist teachers in primary and tertiary education to adopt augmented reality in education.
As an activity of the ARETE project, short for ‘Augmented reality interactive educational ecosystem’, researchers are launching a pilot designed to accelerate the uptake of AR in education. It does this with MirageXR, the OU’s augmented reality authoring application and learning management system.
This pilot study seeks to evaluate (quantitatively and qualitatively) how well the MirageXR authoring toolkit supports teachers in designing XR learning experiences.
Funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation framework program, ARETE is developing a Europe-wide competitive ecosystem that supports the dissemination of Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality content in education. It does this via the MirageXR platform, the OU's user-friendly authoring tool for course design, which crucially for teachers does not require prior AR experience.
Tried and tested human-centred authoring tools
Research in early test-beds and prior pilots have shown that the introduction of AR in education at scale requires tailored authoring tools to be localised in the control of teacher. This has been shown, through practice and feedback, to support the production of bespoke AR learning experiences for the mainstream as well as for the Long Tail.
On the adoption of the technology in early test-beds, Dr Lisa Bowers, Research Fellow in IET, commented:
"Educators have started to build a culture round the use of the content. As this 'technology-gossip' has formed, it has become clear that the use of eXtended reality technology could be possible in the context of a normal classroom setting."
The ARETE project is building on the success of three successful pilots, as well as receiving a CEN/CENELEC Standards+Innovation Award 2022 for Best Research Project, acknowledging the important contribution of research and innovation to standardisation.
In the new pilot, OU researchers are looking for teachers who:
- have a good level of English language
- are pre-service or in-service teachers
- are willing to participate
- have a compatible phone or tablet
Find out more about the pilot here. Contact us to take part.


Healthy Air, Healthy Climate
With a population of 1.7 million, Adana lies at the southern part of Turkey, in the heart of Çukurova, which is rich in agricultural production and home to 6 million people. Even though Adana hosts several natural reserves such as Yumurtalık Lagoon and Akyatan Lake, it shares the same destiny of Cukurova Bay that covers Adana, Hatay and Mersin cities. Unfortunately, due to its geographical conditions and seaways, in Cukurova Bay there are 2 active coal power plants with 2410 MW installed capacity, 10 steel-iron plants, one natural gas fired plant (900 MW), one oil-fired thermal power plant (220 MW) that contribute to air pollution in Adana.
According to World Health Organisation (WHO) calculations, Adana’s residents breathe levels of fine particulate matter, PM 2.5, that are 2.8 times higher than the WHO’s safe levels.According to official air quality measurements, in 2015, only 1 out of 4 official air quality measurement stations in Adana measured annual PM10 levels below of the WHO’s recommended levels.
Principal photography © Global Call for Climate Action / Greg McNevin and ©Daniel Schoenen Fotografie


A housing start is defined as the beginning of construction on a new home. Housing starts are a leading economic indicator representing the number of new homes started on a monthly basis. In July 2022, Connecticut and the rest of the country reached the highest number of housing starts for all home types since 2015. The data on housing starts is typically classified into single homes, single-family units or multifamily buildings with five or more units.
Understanding housing starts
Housing starts denote excavation or groundbreaking for a home’s footing or foundation. Sustained declines in housing starts can slow the economy into a recession. In contrast, a high number of housing starts can be an indicator of economic growth. Data on new privately-owned residential construction is provided monthly in survey reports conducted by the U.S Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Housing starts initiate once municipalities approve and issue building permits for contractors to begin construction.
More on housing starts
Housing starts data has been collected since 1959, making it one of the oldest forms of data on new home construction currently used in the U.S. The real estate data is collected on the first day following the reporting month and is released about a week later, towards the middle of the month. A significant proportion of American investments goes into housing, so housing starts are typically sensitive to changes in interest rates.
As the economy strengthens, consumers feel more confident about their income level and are more likely to invest in new homes. Housing also impacts other industries like banking, real estate, construction, labor and raw materials. Housing starts provide insight into consumer confidence, economic activity and Americans’ level of wealth. The Federal Reserve and other government agencies use housing starts data to evaluate the state of the economy.


The Montessori Erdkinder program offers a unique and optimal environment to assist the early adolescent with the transition from childhood to adulthood. The student outcome of the program is a confident older adolescent who is equipped with the indicators that lead to success in broad areas of life. Areas such as academic pursuits, career choices in a new and modern workforce, financial management, healthy personal relationships, and overall well-being are all part of the Erdkinder program.
The Erdkinder program is a continuation of the interdisciplinary, collaborative and independent learning that happens in the Montessori Elementary environment. Collaborative, engaging work in the broader society and in nature spark questions that respond to the adolescent need for reflection and contemplation.
- enjoy thinking creatively and critically for themselves
- have opportunities to be in ‘flow’ where challenge and interest are peaked
- are expected to be organized
- engage in the economy through production and exchange for money
- learn to express their opinions and deeply listen and respond to the opinions of others in a respectful way
- use computer technologies with purpose
Our learning environment extends beyond the walls of the classroom to incorporate the community and to build a sense of belonging and responsibility. Students engage in ‘occupations’ – real and meaningful intellectual and hands-on work. This includes the planning, budgeting and organizing of fall and spring multi-day land-based Odyssey trips. Students take on a variety of managerial roles in both occupations and community service.
The Erdkinder program, like all true Montessori environments, continues to keep the developmental needs of the student at the centre. We optimize our environment to assist our students through this dynamic period of academic, social, and emotional growth.


How individual drivers choose and maintain their speed in the presence of other road users is a key factor in cooperative urban road traffic management. Speed choice as core aspect of driver behaviour is mainly determined by automatic responses to specific environmental stimuli (e.g. road width, curvature), personality traits (e.g. sensation seeking), and situational factors (e.g. time pressure). However, it is unclear to what extent information from an intelligent cooperative traffic system, e.g. on current traffic hazards or environmental aspects, would be considered by drivers and how this additional information would be integrated with the more automatically processed information.
Driving simulation studies are conducted to examine these factors as well as the interaction between them by systematically varying and combining relevant driving scenarios. This way, a model of speed choice can be developed that is relevant to both the modelling of distributed intelligent and cooperative systems (B2) and the cooperative traffic management. Cooperative management applications may use the results of this dissertation to develop information displays that are most effective in influencing driving speed in the desired manner. By predicting driver behaviour, the model may also serve as a transport planning tool (B1).
Researcher: Anne Goralzik, M.Sc.
Speed control in on-road and simulated driving (Carrie Geng, DAAD RISE)


By Johannis Nöggerath, Robert J. Geller, Viacheslav K. Gusiakov | September 1, 2011
In a report to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Japanese government stated that the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster was caused not by the Tohoku earthquake but by the tsunami it generated, resulting in a loss of power for the station’s cooling systems and, consequently, three core meltdowns. The tsunami countermeasures taken when Fukushima Daiichi was designed in the 1960s were, arguably, marginally acceptable considering the scientific data then available. But, between the 1970s and the 2011 disaster, new scientific knowledge emerged about the likelihood of a large earthquake and resulting tsunami; however, this was ignored by both the plant operator, Tokyo Electric Power Company, and government regulators. The regulatory authorities failed to properly review the tsunami countermeasures in accordance with IAEA guidelines and continued to allow the Fukushima plant to operate without sufficient countermeasures, despite having received clear warnings from at least one member of a government advisory committee. The lack of independence of government regulators appears to have contributed to this inaction. The anzen shinwa (“safety myth”) image portrayed by the Japanese government and electric power companies tended to stifle honest and open discussion of the risks. Japan’s seismological agencies are locked into outdated and unsuccessful paradigms that lead them to focus on the hazard of a supposedly imminent earthquake in the Tokai district, located between Tokyo and Nagoya, while downplaying earthquake hazards elsewhere in Japan. Consequently, regulators and the plant operator missed many opportunities to avert the calamity at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.
The Bulletin elevates expert voices above the noise. But as an independent, nonprofit media organization, our operations depend on the support of readers like you. Help us continue to deliver quality journalism that holds leaders accountable. Your support of our work at any level is important. In return, we promise our coverage will be understandable, influential, vigilant, solution-oriented, and fair-minded. Together we can make a difference.
Issue: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Volume 67 Issue 5
Keywords: Fukushima, Japan, Tepco, Tohoku, earthquake, nuclear safety, seismic, tsunami


Landuse and Landcover Classification for Independence, Union, Bradley and Cleveland Counties of Arkansas
Land use, maping LULC
Landuse/landcover (LULC} is a function of natural factors such as soils, climate and water and of anthropogenic factors such as predominant use. In Arkansas, the primary use of the land varies depending on the physiographic region. For example, in the Mississippi Delta region of eastern Arkansas row crop agriculture predominates, whereas in the Gulf Coastal Plains forestry dominates. In both regions LULC is spatially and temporally . variable. Knowledge of LULC can be used in estimating the potential for agricultural production, locations of critical ecological areas, siting of homes, small businesses, industries, roads and landfills as well as source areas of pollution.
Scott, H. Don and Hofer, Kimberly. 1996. Landuse and Landcover Classification for Independence, Union, Bradley and Cleveland Counties of Arkansas. Arkansas Water Resources Center, Fayetteville, AR. MSC184. 13


As a boy he preferred reading sea stories to doing homework and, at age 16, became an apprentice seaman. Subsequently, Ernest Shackleton's incredible journeys to the South Pole in the early 1900s made him one of the most famous explorers of modern times. His courage in the face of dangerous conditions and unforeseeable tragedies reveal the great leader that he was. His historic 1914 journey aboard the "Endurance "has all the drama of an action mo...
By James Buckley Jr Jr.
Age Range: 8 - 11 years
Grade Level: 3 - 7
Lexile Measure: 770
Series: Who Was...?
Library Binding: 103 pages
Publisher: Perfection Learning (December 26, 2013)
Product Dimensions: 5.4 x 0.5 x 7.7 inches
Format: PDF ePub djvu ebook
I love just about anything to do with Ernest Shackleton! He was an amazing man, and I love to learn more.This book is a great introduction to Shackleton's story. The only thing that I don't care for is how difficult it can be to read the small, squis
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The iconic French baguette is a representation of French culture, but inflation is increasingly threatening its affordability. In response, French President Emmanuel Macron has pledged to provide bakers and pastry chefs who are dealing with rising costs more assistance.
In France, the cost of a classic baguette has generally been constant for years, although an increase is glaringly evident. The pressure on bakers and pastry chefs has increased along with the cost of ingredients. Some of them are unsure about their ability to keep operating their ovens due to inflation.
At the Élysée Palace, Macron addressed a group of bakers and pastry chefs and outlined a plan to provide additional aid. He promised to provide direct assistance to those who have been hit the hardest and to help reduce the cost of materials. This aid will help to ensure that the price of a baguette remains largely unchanged.
The French baguette is a beloved symbol of French culture, and Macron’s promise of aid will help to preserve its affordability. The additional aid will also help to ensure that bakers and pastry chefs can continue to pursue their craft without fear of financial ruin.
Macron’s promise of aid is a welcome relief for bakers and pastry chefs across France. It is a sign of hope that the French baguette will remain an affordable symbol of French culture for years to come.


The story of this social innovation starts with a fight for services for people with failing eye-sight in New Zealand that included petitions, select committees and national reference groups. The need for services was never greater, while the old ways were never more bankrupt. At one point in 2016, it seemed as though the fight was going to succeed, but hope eventually fizzled out. The learning from this failed exercise has since fuelled the drive for the social innovation.
Social innovations are new social practices that aim to meet social needs in a better ways than existing solutions. Transformative social innovation introduces new approaches to intractable problems. In this case, the aim is to enable good lives for people with visual impairment, in spite of budget constraints.
The social innovation model for visual impairment is constantly evolving, but it currently consists of the following three elements:
A) Community led development: The model involves creating a space where people are engaged in intelligently addressing their own problems. For example, when footpaths are made dangerous for pedestrians, the meaning of mobility is explored at many levels and political representations are made.
B) Citizen science: Funding for two individual projects have had citizen science at their heart. For example, in order to bring light into the old and dark homes of Dunedin, older people were taught about the science of light; and in order to meet the need for spectacles, children were engaged in learning how to screen each other for vision loss.
C) Communities of practice: Social innovation is an inter-sectoral approach. Over the last few years, the collaboration between the support groups and educational institutions has brought together a vibrant community of student practice. This has included the disciplines of design, IT, social service, law business, photography and occupational therapy. The students have come together in ‘connected difference’ across a number of projects to produce wonderful outcomes for people with visual impairment.


Just before Khmer New Year, a Sarus Crane was released at WCS site Ang Trapeang Thmor (ATT). The Sarus Crane chick was rescued by Forestry Administration (FA) and WCS staff in the Preah Vihear Protected Forest in the Northern Plains in October last year where it had been captured by local people. Since then it has been reared at the Angkor Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (ACCB), a nature conservation and endangered wildlife rescue and breeding centre north of Siem Reap.
Happily, the ACCB team were successful in rearing the bird without it becoming habituated to humans, making release back into the wild possible. ATT was selected as the release site as it is the most important non-breeding site for Sarus Cranes in South-east Asia, with hundreds of cranes coming here every year from January to April.
The crane was released by the ACCB team not too far from a flock of wild cranes, which had been located that morning by WCS rangers. Although initially stressed by its new surroundings and the bumpy ride, within less than half an hour the crane was feeding. Two hours after release, when a small group of wild cranes took off, the released crane flew up and joined them, and together the birds joined a large feeding flock 500m away where the team lost sight of it amongst the other birds.
Since then, WCS teams at ATT have kept an eye out for any isolated cranes, but to date none have been seen. The bird was also marked with a ring, so that we will be able to identify it in the future. So far we are confident that the captive-reared crane will fully reintegrate into the wild flock and will follow the experienced wild birds when they migrate next month back to their breeding grounds in the Northern Plains of Cambodia.
Sarus cranes are globally threatened, and are classified as Vulnerable, meaning that they are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. With fewer than 1,000 cranes in the region, each individual is precious to the survival of the population. The successful rescue, rehabilitation and release of this Sarus crane is a wonderful achievement and great testament to the skill and commitment of ACCB. We are very pleased to that ACCB will continue to collaborate with WCS to help rescue and rehabilitate endangered species at WCS sites.


Radioactive waste management refers to the safe treatment, storage and disposal of liquid, solid and gas discharge from nuclear industry operations with the goal of protecting people and the environment.
Radioactive waste of various types results from any activity that makes use of nuclear materials, including medical and industrial uses. However, nuclear energy is the most important source of such wastes because of the larger volumes generated and its long-lived nature. Whatever their origin, radioactive wastes have to be managed safely and economically.
In general, radioactive waste is separated into three categories: low-level waste (LLW), intermediate- level waste (ILW) and high-level waste (HLW), depending on its level of radioactivity and the length of time it remains hazardous. Disposal of LLW and most ILW is a mature practice, while most HLW is safely stored in dedicated facilities. The permanent disposal of HLW in deep geological repositories is accepted to be practicable by the scientific and technical community, but has yet to be accepted by civil society in many countries.
The activities necessary for managing radioactive waste properly can be categorised into the following steps:
The NEA assists member countries in the development of safe, sustainable and societally acceptable strategies for the management of all types of radioactive waste.
The NEA's Radioactive Radioactive Waste Management Committee (RWMC) supports members in the development of safe and economically efficient management of all types of radioactive waste including spent fuel considered as radioactive waste based on the latest scientific and technological knowledge.
The RWMC was created in 1975 as an international committee which consists of senior representatives from regulatory authorities, radioactive waste management and decommissioning organisations, policymaking bodies and research-and-development institutions from the NEA countries.
It provides a neutral forum where policymakers, regulators and implementing organisations can discuss issues of common interest, and develop best practices and feasible solutions that meet the diverse needs of its participants.


In the past few years there has been rapid growth in the awareness that humanitarian crises are increasingly located in urban areas, where they are often critically unaddressed. While populations have been rapidly urbanising for decades, humanitarian assistance programmes have largely failed to keep pace with these changing demographics. Assistance and prevention programmes remain predominantly geared towards rural populations.
A large proportion of urbanisation, particularly in developing countries, has not been planned for or met with the appropriate levels of investment in infrastructure by state governments. Consequently, almost one billion people live in areas characterised by high vulnerability and poverty. When natural disasters have struck – such as the earthquake which decimated Port au Prince – local populations, and the national governments and humanitarian agencies mandated to assist them, have been ill-equipped to deal with these crises. Additionally, much of the urbanisation that has taken place in the world's least developed regions has been driven by conflict, swelling already under serviced urban populations in cities like Kabul, Kinshasa, Khartoum and Juba with displaced populations. Urban conflict itself, already claiming significant civilian casualties in Mogadishu, may become the predominant arena of warfare in this century.
Adapting operations and policies to urban areas is high priority in the humanitarian sector. To address urban conditions, agencies have grappled with inner city programmes and researchers have adopted new methodologies. This special issue of Disasters will be devoted to publishing the knowledge that has been gained.
We invite policy-makers, academics and practitioners to share their experiences and lessons learnt regarding responding to displaced populations living in urban areas, and providing assistance during natural or conflict induced disasters.
Submissions would be subject to peer-review before being published (possibly in revised form) in the Special Issue.
We welcome submissions of abstracts by 4 April 2011, sent to [email protected]. The deadline for full articles is 27 June 2011 (max. 8,000 words). Given space limitations in the Special Issue, we reserve the right to make a selection of the most interesting submissions. To request further information, please use the email above.


While we’re not sure that the snail in the image above is Quekett’s Cannibal Snail (we’ll try and find out!), it is also a carnivore. Quekett’s , thought to occur only in mistbelt forest, is known only from Ferncliffe Nature Reserve – a very specialized example of endemism. Like the snail above, its shell has a low spire and rounded whorls and is olive-brown to olive-green. But the body of this specimen seems lighter in colour than Quekett’s, and its diameter was larger than the 30mm the latter sports.
Cannibal snails do consume other snails, which may be why only one species is usually found at any one locality. A fascinating study by D. G. Herbert and A. Moussalli notes unverified stories of how cannibal snails fed on the bodies of the fallen following Zulu conflicts. Even if such stories are legend not fact, the researchers do believe the snails would be partial to carrion.
Our snail is exhibiting an ancient behaviour: Its tail is inserted into the shell of the victim, which it was transporting across the lawn, to ‘maximise the nutritional benefit available in their snail prey’. Somehow, the snail dissolves the calcium carbonate found in the victim’s shell and absorbs it to ‘supplement its own calcium resources’.


Ms. Judd, Math Coach
Everyday Math is a comprehensive program designed to emphasize conceptual understanding while building mastery of basic skills. This program explores a broad mathematical spectrum, not just basic arithmetic.
Connected Math is a problem centered program designed to help students and teachers develop mathematical knowledge, understanding, and skill, as well as awareness and appreciation of the rich connections among mathematical strands and between other disciplines.
Because the two programs have an entirely different approach, H.A.S. has adopted a new approach for mastering the core skills for each grade level. Our goal is to bridge the gap.
Hawthorne Ave. School Curriculum Mapping – At the close of December, 2010, and in an effort to strengthen students’ mathematical foundational skills, H.A.S. created a curriculum map specific to the needs of the students of Hawthorne. Many students were coming to each grade level mathematically deficient. The map was the result of teacher/administrator collaboration and planning. Using the NJCCCS, Common Core Standards, Learnia Assessment data, and teacher-created assessments, the H.A.S. Curriculum Map seeks to catch students up on the prerequisite skills necessary to achieve grade-level mastery, while moving them into and above the grade-level expectations.


An Interview with mythologist Joseph Campbell on the topic of chivalry, with Bill Moyers:
Moyers: So the age of chivalry was growing up as the age of romantic love was reaching out?
Campbell: The Middle Ages was a strange period because it was terribly brutal. There was no central law. Everyone was on his own, and, of course, there were great violations of everything. But within this brutality there was a civilizing force which the women really represented because they were the ones who established the rules for this game.
Moyers: How did it happen that the women had the dominant influence?
Campbell: Because if you want to make love to a woman, she’s already got the drop on you. The technical term for a woman’s granting of herself was merci; the woman grants her merci. Now, that might consist in her permission for the man to kiss her on the back of the neck once every Whitsuntide, you know, something like that – or it may be a full giving in love. That would depend upon her estimation of the character of the candidate… The essential idea was to test this man to make sure that he would suffer things for love, and that this was not just lust.
Moyers: Joseph, that may have emerged in the troubadour period, but it is still alive and well in East Texas.
Campbell: That’s the force of this position. It originated in twelfth century Provence, and you’ve got it now in 20th century Texas.
Moyers: Its been shattered of late, I have to tell you that. I mean, I’m not sure that it’s as much of a test as it used to be.
Campbell: The tests that were given then by women involved, for example, sending a chap out to guard a bridge. The traffic in the Middle Ages was somewhat encumbered by these youths guarding bridges. But also the tests included going into battle. A woman who was too ruthless in asking her lover to risk a real death before she would acquiesce in anything was considered sauvage or “savage”. Also, the woman who gave herself without the testing was “savage”. There was a very nice psychological estimation game going on here. [From – The Power of Myth].


Recently, Lego, the plastic toy giant from Denmark, has released the first toy puzzle pieces made from recycled plastic bottles and revealed that they hope to put these pieces into new toys. new collection within the next two years.
Lego produces billions of toy pieces every year, most of them made from a type of plastic called ABS that is high quality and durable and can be reused.
But now the prototype 4×2 Lego bricks have been made from PET plastic from discarded bottles with additives to provide high durability. This is the result of 3 years of testing with 250 different materials. On average, each 1 liter plastic bottle used is recycled into the material for 10 4×2 Lego bricks.
This process will be tested and further developed before moving to production. Lego says it has invested up to $400 million over three years developing this new test.
Tim Brooks, Lego Group’s vice president of environment, says the biggest challenge is “rethinking and innovating with new materials that are more durable, strong and of higher quality than our previous pieces, while maintaining the quality that Lego has created over the past 60 years.”
“We are committed to playing our part in building a sustainable future for generations of children. We want our products to have a positive impact on the earth, not just by the way we play, but by the toys we make. There is still a long way to go but we are satisfied with what has been achieved,” added Mr. Tim.
Environmental activists welcome Lego’s use of recycled plastic, but say it is not the “default solution” to the plastic crisis.
Camilla Zerr, environmental activist at Friends of the Earth, said: “Children deserve to grow up in a pollution-free environment so the initiative to make recycled plastic toys is very promising and should be developed. develop. But what is really important is that recycling is not seen as the default solution in the plastic crisis. Manufacturers must ensure toys are made to last for many years of use, so that they can be reused from generation to generation.”
Ms. Camilla stressed that the Government should “take stronger steps” by making legislation on plastic pollution in the environmental protection law.
Rival Mattel, the maker of Barbie dolls, says they will also make toys from recycled materials from 2030.


(Or utility program, tool) Any software that performs some specific task that is secondary to the main purpose of using the computer (the latter would be called application programs) but is not essential to the operation of the computer (system software).
Many utilities could be considered as part of the system software, which can in turn be considered part of the operating system.
The following are some broad categories of utility software, specific types and examples.
disk checker: fsck
* Files and directories
copy, move, remove: cp, mv, rm, xcopy
format conversion: atob
antivirus software: avast, Norton Antivirus
firewall: Zone Alarm, Windows firewall
* Editors for general-purpose formats (as opposed to specific formats like a word processing document)
file transfer: ftp, rcp, Firefox
file synchronisation: unison, briefcase
directory services: bind, nslookup, whois
network diagnosis: ping, traceroute
* Software development
installation: apt-get, msiexec, patch


- Site number:1169
- Area:2,180 ha
- Designation date:20-02-2002
- Coordinates:47°15'N 16°04'E
Materials presented on this website, particularly maps and territorial information, are as-is and as-available based on available data and do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Ramsar Convention concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Lafnitztal. 01/03/02; Burgenland, Styria; 2,180 ha; 47°15'N 016°05'E. EC Directives Special Protection Area. A length of the Lafnitz river, formerly the international frontier with Hungary until the 20th century and presently the border between the states of Burgenland and Styria in the eastern part of the country, comprising numerous natural and semi-natural stretches over three-quarters of its length and an excellent example of freely meandering river. The length of the river sides and associated seasonally flooded agricultural land support a high species diversity, including otter (Lutra lutra), Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis), and White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) and as much as 10% of the world population of fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) and yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata), as well a number of rare and endangered plant species. The Ramsar Centre Lafnitztal visitors' center offers school courses and field excursions. Ramsar site no. 1169.Most recent RIS information: 2001.
- National legal designation:
- Nature Conservation Site
- Regional (international) legal designations:
- EU Natura 2000
- Last publication date:20-02-2002


. The father of modern pathology, Rudolf Virchow, emphasised in 1856 that there are essentially no dividing lines between animal and human medicine.This concept is ever more relevant as the world is facing a second wave of Covid-19 pandemic. This approach is referred to as “One Health”, focuses on acknowledging the interconnectedness of animals, humans, and the environment.
It involves a multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral approach to address potential or existing risks that originate at the animalhuman-ecosystems interface. To achieve the ‘One Health’ vision, challenges pertaining to veterinary manpower shortages, the lack of information sharing between human and animal health institutions, and inadequate coordination on food safety at slaughter, distribution, and retail facilities and others must be addressed.
‘One Health’ vision derives its blueprint from the agreement between the tripartite-plus alliance comprising the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE).
The overarching purpose is to encourage collaborations in research and sharing of knowledge at multiple levels across various disciplines like human health, animal health, plants, soil, environmental and ecosystem health in ways that improve, protect and defend the health of all species.
Scientists have observed that there are more than 1.7 million viruses circulating in wildlife, and many of them are likely to be zoonotic. Another category of diseases, “anthropozoonotic” infections, gets transferred from humans to animals.
The transboundary impact of viral outbreaks in recent years such as the Nipah virus, Ebola, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Avian Influenza has further reinforced the need for us to consistently document the linkages between the environment, animals, and human health.


step further, opening the way to control stability, gel strength
and flavour conservation of heat induced gels.
Dutch-based contract research organisation Nizo food research claims to have taken the cold gelation method a step further, opening the way to control stability, gel strength and flavour conservation of heat induced gels.
Gelation of proteins is important to give food products, such as yoghurt-desserts, desirable textures. On an industrial scale, gelation is often induced by heating the final product.
According to Nizo, this has three main disadvantages. Firstly, a sub-optimal use of protein-ingredients since not all proteins (usually between 50 and 80 per cent) form aggregates that contribute to the gel strength. Secondly, the final texture is hard to predict and control and finally, delicate flavours are heated and sometimes destroyed.
The research body suggested this week that cold gelation offers an alternative to overcome these problems. Under the aegis of WCFS, NIZO food research has further developed the cold gelation method that is based on separating the protein aggregation (heat) and gelation steps that are intertwined in traditional heat-set gels.
Aggregation is induced in a pre-heating step that makes it possible to fully denature the protein ingredient before gelation sets in. This ensures that all of the protein - more than 95 per cent - contributes to the gel. Gradual acidification of the solution of aggregates to form a gel at ambient temperature comprises the second step of the cold gelation method.
A large part of the research has focused on the relations between the properties of the protein-aggregates and the mechanical properties of the gels. One important conclusion, writes Nizo, in this respect is that the presence of thiol groups, that allow formation of disulfide bonds during the second acidification step, is of crucial importance for the final gel hardness.
Finally, heat-sensitive flavour compounds can now be added to a solution that does not require additional heating to form product in which the final gel properties can be precisely controlled.
Food manufacturers can use the cold gelation method for dairy products such as yoghurt desserts.


In vertebrates, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra), also called the cervical spine, are those vertebrae immediately inferior to the skull…read more
In vertebrates, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra), also called the cervical spine, are those vertebrae immediately inferior to the skull. The cervical vertebrae, more commonly, the neck, is a structure of the skeletal system of the body composed of seven individual, irregularly shaped bones. That these circular bones sit one on top of the other instead of being fused together as one solid structure allows for good flexibility so that a person can turn his or her neck to either side without causing any damage to the neck. Being stacked on top of one another, they form a protective cavity, down through which the most important part of the spinal cord extends. In many species, though not in mammals, the cervical vertebrae bear ribs. In many other groups, such as lizards and saurischian dinosaurs, the cervical ribs are large; in birds, they are small and completely fused to the vertebrae. The transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes. In humans, cervical vertebrae are the smallest of the true vertebrae, and can be readily distinguished from those of the thoracic or lumbar regions by the presence of a foramen (hole) in each transverse process, through which passes the vertebral artery.


This week's blog has been authored by the brilliant Erica Field. Erica is an EMA Teaching & Learning Adviser (KS2-4), active in Rochdale Borough Council, and she's sharing some important information for parents and teachers about selective mutism.
The big thing for schools to be aware of is that this is not a child refusing to talk, it is a child who cannot talk in these circumstances. But talking is not the same as communicating! Some children with selective mutism can use a limited vocabulary (such as ‘no’), gesture, and writing to communicate in schools.
Selective mutism isn’t the same thing as a new arrival EAL child going through a silent period. It also isn’t autism, oppositional defiance disorder, or confirmation that a child has been traumatised.
Schools need to remove the pressure that a child with selective mutism might feel to speak. A child needs to feel supported in their school environment. There are lots of ways to participate in learning and play without speaking. Schools need to be positive, relaxed, and continue to interact with the child.
Mantra Lingua is a UK based publisher of award winning multilingual education resources. We provide innovative, user-friendly solutions to the specific challenges facing teachers and students within the classroom, and at home. Our patented PENpal technology supports EAL, MFL and SEN students in particular and is also proving invaluable in the mainstream school market.
General Enquiries: email@example.com
Technical Support : firstname.lastname@example.org
Mantra Lingua Limited
Global House, 303 Ballards Lane,
London N12 8NP United Kingdom
Pendragon House, 65 London Road,
St. Albans, Hertfordshire AL1 1LJ


William Shakespeare was an English writer around 1600 who put life’s big issues into play.
Quotes by William Shakepeare in Time One
Where be your gibes now, your gambols, your songs, your flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table on a roar?
Polonius: Though this be madness, yet there is method in't.
Pedro. Lady, will you walke about with your friend? Hero. So you walke softly, and looke sweetly, and say nothing, I am yours for the walke, and especially when I walke away.
Thou by thy dyals shady progress maist know,Times thievish progresse to eternitie..
Cassandra: Lay hold upon him Priam, hold him fast He is thy crutch; now if thou lose thy stay, Thou on him leaning, and all Troy on thee, Fall all together...
This foolish, dreaming, superstitious girl Makes all these bodements.
Thy glasse will shew thee how thy beauties were, Thy dyalls how thy pretious mynuits waste, The vacant leaves thy mindes imprint will beare, And of this booke, this learning maist thou taste. The wrinkles which thy glasse will truly show, Of mouthed graves will give thee memorie, Thou by thy dyals shady progress maist know, Times thievish progresse to eternitie.


Banz Monastery also known as Banz Castle, a former Benedictine monastery, is situated in the valley of the Main River in the German state of Upper Franconia. This is a unique natural paradise, filled with over 900 years of turbulent history, which you must visit if you are in this part of Germany. On the opposite side of the river is Staffelberg castle, which is the emblem of the town of Staffelstein - former headquarters of the Franconian kings.
The monastery started to be discussed back in 1070, when Countess Alberada and her husband - Herman off Vohburg decided to donate their medieval castle on the hill Banz to the Benedictine Order as a monastery complex. Banz Monastery is considered the oldest along the Main.
In the late middle Ages, in 1505, the monastery was totally destroyed after a fire during the Thirty Year War. More than 100 years of restoration activities were needed to restore fully the construction of the monastery Banz.
According to historical chronicles, when it was completed and officially inaugurated in 1719, its beauty has exceeded all expectations. To this day Banz is considered a unique example of baroque architecture.
In the early 19th century, the cloister stops functioning as a monastery and was converted into a royal residence. Because of secularization, in 1802 the monks were expelled and here came the Bavarian kings during their summer vacations.
After this watershed moment in the history of the monastery of Banz, it is transformed into a palace and became a meeting place for many Imperial personages, and place of the death of famous artists. Many historical figures in Germany and several Russian tsars came to visit Banz.
During the World War, Castle Banz is converted into a military hospital and in the postwar times, the Baroque building serves as a nursing home for several years. Since the early 80s of last century, the former monastery complex Banz is owned by Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung and turned into a modern educational center.
Today the Banz castle is an attractive tourist attraction. It is a favorite destination for many families with children mostly because of its proximity to the complex Wald-Klettergarten. It is a park and an interesting place for climbing, abseiling and other skills to develop.


Carrots are an affordable, healthy snack for four-legged friends. Many pet owners are looking for healthy, nutritious – and of course, affordable – treats for their dogs. In addition to professional pet food that provides your pet with essential ingredients, some owners choose to include fruit and vegetables in their dog’s diet. Carrots are a cheap, low-calorie and safe snack for your pet.
Carrots are a great snack not only for humans but also for dogs. It can make an excellent low-calorie treat to reward during training. Carrots are virtually fat-free, which means they are an ideal choice for both older and overweight dogs. However, it is quite high in sugar, so carrots should be given to your pet in moderation and with your vet’s approval.
As carrots are an excellent source of the antioxidants alpha-carotene and beta-carotene, which are converted to vitamin A in the body, as well as potassium, fibre and other vitamins, they can provide many health benefits for your four-legged friend. Vitamin A can improve your pet’s vision and eye health – not getting enough vitamin A can lead to eye infections and even vision loss. Vitamin A can also help boost your pet’s immune system and maintain healthy skin.
Carrots are also a good source of vitamin K, essential for blood clotting, and vitamin B6, which helps convert carbohydrates, fats and proteins into energy. Finally, the high fibre content of carrots also means that they can help maintain a healthy digestive tract and regular bowel movements.
What’s more, chewing on raw carrots can also help improve your dog’s dental health. Carrots in their raw form can help dogs maintain strong teeth due to the chewing required to eat them.
Carrots can be given to your dog in a variety of ways – both raw and cooked. Your dog is likely to eat it in any form due to its sweet taste. Although both raw and cooked carrots are considered safe for dogs, it is always a good idea to cut them into bite-size pieces because of the choking hazard, especially with smaller dogs.
Carrots can be given both as a snack and as an occasional addition to a normal diet. Ensure that it is peeled, or at least washed.
Some vets recommend putting carrots in the fridge or freezer and giving them to puppies to relieve teething pain and discomfort. For larger and older dogs, carrots can be a great edible chew toy.


We recently published a new article in the Journal of Urban Health focusing on the “first wave” of our research in Flint. Our article, titled, A Population-Based Assessment of Physical Symptoms and Mental Health Outcomes Among Adults Following the Flint Water Crisis, explores some of the key health outcomes among adults in Flint following the crisis. Our research is the first to use a “population-based sample” to capture adult outcomes in the city, which is to say that we recruited participants who were “everyday” residents from Flint, conducting surveys with them at public sites throughout the city. What we found was both surprising an unsurprising.
At a broadest level, here’s the gist: Around 10% of residents indicated that a clinician had diagnosed them with elevated blood lead levels at some point following the crisis. We find that rates of skin rashes and hair loss, presumably associated with the water contamination following the crisis, were high in the period following the crisis at around 40% of the sample having these experiences. We further found that Black residents had significantly higher rates of both outcomes (skin rashes and hair loss) than White residents. Also, equally important and perhaps more startling, we found a heavy burden of PTSD in relation to the water crisis, with nearly 30% of residents showing PTSD-like symptoms associated with the water crisis.
At this stage, it’s difficult to put these findings into a broader context? Was it the water? What are the long-term implications here? What’s the “intervention” or policy solution to address these issues, namely the mental health consequences we observed? We’ll be investigating these dynamics more in the coming months!
You can view the article in full by clicking here.


What is Child Neglect?
Neglect is a pattern of failing to provide for a child’s basic needs, to the extent that the child’s well-being is damaged. A child can be neglected in three (3) basic areas – physical, education, and emotional.
Can be seen in the following ways:
- Failure to provide adequate food, clothing, or hygiene.
- Reckless disregard for the child’s safety
- Refusal to provide necessary health care for the child.
- Abandoning children without providing for their care or expelling children from the home without arranging for their care.
Can be seen in any of the following ways:
- Failure to enroll a child in school.
- Permitting or causing a child to miss too many days of school
- Refusal to follow up on obtaining services for a child’s special education needs.
Refers to inadequate nurturing or affection
- Permitting a child to drink alcohol or use recreational drugs
- Exposure of the child to spousal abuse
- Failure to intervene when the child demonstrates antisocial behavior.
- Refusal of or delay in providing necessary psychological care.
Signs of Neglect
When a child is neglected in any of the ways listed above, one will observe one or all of the following:
- Poor hygiene (lice, scabies, bed sores, body odor)
- Unsuitable clothing or missing key articles of clothing
- Untreated injury or illness
- Lack of immunizations
- Height and weight significantly below average for age level
If you or someone you know is experiencing any form of Neglect, talk to someone you trust about it or call us at ChildLine at 131 or 800-4321.


Tall Timbers BioBlitz a bioblast
As a seine net full of small minnows was drawn out of a muddy oxbow of the Ochlockonee River, a group of eager kids crowded around.
Over the course of Saturday morning, the group of about 50 people would collect, examine then let go dozens of other aquatic and terrestrial species during the Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy’s BioBlitz.
The group included Tall Timbers researchers, state and academic biologists and anyone else who wanted to spend the day trekking around the wooded sandbar in the Ochlocknee River just south of Lake Talquin.
Leon and Laura Lee Corbett brought their son Aaron to search for animals and enjoy a sunny day.
Aaron and his father often hunt and fish on the river. Saturday they nearly filled a page of species they’d found among the shallow water and bushes along the shore. It’s a closer look than they normally get to the river flood plane.
“I think it’s amazing that a small group of people are finding hundreds of different insects and fish,” Leon Corbett said. “We spend a lot of time on the river but not in this micro level.”
Getting down to finding and studying even the smallest creatures opens the way for a deeper connection with the ecosystems they call home.
Brian Wiebler, the Red Hills Outreach & Education Coordinator, said that’s what events like Saturday’s are about.
“Field trips like this give us the opportunity for that much deeper contact where people can be hands-on with critters directly talking with biologists,” Wiebler said.
Holding a soft-shelled turtle or catching a swallowtail butterfly gives a different perspective and can spur an interest in preserving natural resources, said Laura Lee Corbett.
“Its one thing to be behind your computer checking out all the species,” she said. “But when you actually get to come out in the field and feel them and touch them and hear them it brings it more to life.”
Contact Karl Etters at email@example.com


App of the Week for August 12th: iCell
If you are an elementary, middle or high school teacher and need an interactive way to introduce or review animal, bacteria or plant cells you will find iCell extremely easy to use. The best part, it's free!
Students and teachers will find the 3D view of the cell to be a fun way to engage and classify the cell with a tap of the finger. From basic, intermediate to a more advanced way of learning about the cell.
- Introduce vocabulary through the visual of the 3D cell.
- Use the Basic for elementary and middle school for a quick introduction. Use the advanced for students who just want more information or high school students.
- In a Social Studies class, have students research the discovery of the cell and label the parts of the cell with the person who discovered the cell.
- In a Language Arts class, have students develop their vocabulary by drawing all three types of cells and include the definition next to the part of the cell
- In science or biology have students use the 3D models to quiz each other, review and study or to create their own 3D model.
- In mathematics and/or science have students discuss and write down the size of the cell relative to the parts inside the cell.
Questions on how to integrate this app into the classroom? Please email Mina Blazy or submit a question form below.


/kat"i gawr'ee, -gohr'ee/ , n. , pl. categories .
1. any general or comprehensive division; a class.
2. a classificatory division in any field of knowledge, as a phylum or any of its subdivisions in biology.
a. (in Aristotelian philosophy) any of the fundamental modes of existence, such as substance, quality, and quantity, as determined by analysis of the different possible kinds of predication.
b. (in Kantian philosophy) any of the fundamental principles of the understanding, as the principle of causation.
c. any classification of terms that is ultimate and not susceptible to further analysis.
4. categories . Also called Guggenheim . ( used with a sing. v. ) a game in which a key word and a list of categories, as dogs, automobiles, or rivers, are selected, and in which each player writes down a word in each category that begins with each of the letters of the key word, the player writing down the most words within a time limit being declared the winner.
5. Math. a type of mathematical object, as a set, group, or metric space, together with a set of mappings from such an object to other objects of the same type.
6. Gram. See part of speech .
[ 1580-90; categoria kategoría accusation (also, kind of predication), equiv. to katégor ( os ) accuser, affirmer ( kategor ( eîn ) to accuse, affirm, lit., speak publicly against, equiv. to kata- CATA- + -agoreîn to speak before the AGORA + -os n. suffix) + -ia -Y 3 ]
Syn. 1. group, grouping, type.


Maker Monday: Clothespin Puppets
Maker Monday Clothespin Puppets bring silly fun to those all-important engineering problem-solving skills. It’s a blast to set kids up with an idea and supplies and let them loose to create!
Begin with a clothespin. We found over-sized clothespins at a craft store, but the normal-sized clothespins work, too, on a smaller scale. We considered how the clothespin opens and whether to go vertical or horizontal with our puppet creatures. And we loved the idea of a tiny surprise inside that shows itself when opened!
There are endless designs to be imagined: Consider a frog with a fly in its mouth, a gift-wrapped present with a heart inside, or an egg that opens to a bright yellow chick! We went with a piranha with little fish inside and a monstrous flowering plant.
Paper, plain or colored
Glue sticks, school glue, glue gun or tape
Optional decorative items: Google eyes, yarn for hair, pom-poms, pipe cleaners, etc.
Begin with a sketch to get a good size estimate and determine where the cut will separate the two pieces. Once you have a good idea, cut out and color. Cut into two pieces and attach to the clothespin. To make the little surprise appear, break a toothpick in half and attach to the back of the bottom side of the opening clothespin. Cut out the surprise item and attach to the toothpick.
As you can see here, we went in the other direction to make our monster flower plant that included pipe cleaner arms with leaf hands. Hello, Little Shop of Horrors!
Once your kids get the basic idea, see what kind of variations they can create!
For more Maker Monday projects and other fun stuff for kids, visit the Kidsburgh Activities page.


The Scottish Government, a huge supporter of the Scottish tech industry, is also a supporter of unions - in their Fair Work Framework they set out some useful advantages of Effective Voice:
Effective voice does not only benefit employees. It also benefits organisations. Effective voice encourages employees to engage with the organisation and put forward views and ideas in ways that can stimulate change and improvement. Dialogue can improve the quality of information, which in turn can improve the quality of decision making. Genuine and effective voice mechanisms can deliver commitment to decisions that are made - even from those who disagree - and contribute to a good work climate. There are many examples in Scotland and elsewhere of how collective voice through trade unions working with employers has addressed a wide range of organisational challenges and contributed to organisational improvements.
The Fair Work Framework is a series of goals that the Scottish Government has set out for people who work in Scotland. Their ambition is that by 2025, people in Scotland will have a world-leading working life where fair work drives success, wellbeing and prosperity for individuals, businesses, organisations and for society.
The Fair work Framework is very useful to us as union supporters. We believe that if the Scottish Government is supporting tech financially, then tech has a responsibility to agree to the goals as set out by the Framework:
- Effective Voice
The Fair Work Framework is also a great place to start a union conversation with your colleagues or your organisation: its legitimacy as a Nationally recognised plan, endorsed by the Scottish Government, means that it is both achievable and realistic. These conversations around Fair Work can be very useful to start Mapping and Charting your workplace.


Number Lines to Rationalize Inequalities Math Games
In this series of games, your students will learn how to interpret statements of inequality as statements about the relative position of two numbers on a number line diagram. The Number Lines to Rationalize Inequalities learning objective — based on CCSS and state standards — delivers improved student engagement and academic performance in your classroom, as demonstrated by research. This learning objective directly references 6.NS.C.7.a as written in the common core national math standards.
Scroll down for a preview of this learning objective’s games and the concepts.
When ordering negative numbers, the closer to 0 a number is, the greater its value. In general, the value of numbers increases as they go right on the number line and decrease as they go left. Numbers can be compared for value by their relative position. Negative numbers larger in magnitude are of lesser value and therefore further left of 0 on a number line.
Interpret statements used in real-world context as placement on the number line where the negative number with a greater magnitude is placed further left on the number line.
A preview of each game in the learning objective is found below.
You can access all of the games on Legends of Learning for free, forever, with a teacher account. A free teacher account also allows you to create playlists of games and assignments for students and track class progress. Sign up for free today!


Ping Ultrasonic Sensor – Video Tutorial
This a video about ping ultrasonic sensor. This video shows how to uses a ultrasonic sensor with Arduino microcontroller. The ping ultrasonic sensor is a sensor for measuring distance. This ping ultrasonic sensor has 3 pins they are ground, 5V, adn signal pin. In this video, the microcontroller that is used is Arduino duemilanove with maker set. The maker set is consist of breadboard and holes of pins. The microcontroller can be replaced with Arduino mega. Here is the video:
The first thing that must be known is on the ping ultrasonic sensor there are three pins, ground, 5V and signal pin. Then put the ping ultrasonic sensor on the breadboard. After that, connect the ground pin of the sensor to the ground pin of the arduino using jumper wire. Using the same way, connect pin 5V of the sensor with pin 5V of the Arduino. And connect the signal pin to the pin seven of the Arduino.
Now, download the program to the Arduino. The code can be found at Arduino website. After found the code copy and paste on the arduino environment and make sure the serial ports and board is selected properly. To see the result of the sensor, select the serial monitor in Arduino environment.


Be Smart. Stay Out. Stay Alive.
Colorado's mining history has left a rich legacy. However, this legacy also includes 23,000 inactive and abandoned mines that can be as dangerous as they are picturesque. Mine sites may look safe to explore, but they often contain unstable soil, unsafe roofs and ladders, deadly gasses, poisonous snakes and dangerous explosives. The Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety asks you to "Stay Out and Stay Alive" and not explore abandoned mines.
Victims of mining accidents have encountered deadly odorless gases, fell down holes that opened under their weight, drowned in near-freezing pools of water at the bottom of shafts, and were buried in unpredictable cave-ins. Many people are injured and killed every year while "just exploring" abandoned mines. Don't be a victim.
Abandoned Mine Fatalities (pdf)
Abandoned Mine Injuries and Rescues (pdf)
Watch our Stay Out, Stay Alive informational video.
Access the brochures below for additional information on our "Stay Out, Stay Alive" Campaign.
Stay Out, Stay Alive brochure (English) (pdf)
We encourage you to learn more about mining and Colorado's historic mining past by visiting a mining museum or tourist mine in Colorado.
For a list of Colorado's safe mine tours and information on other historical and educational mine-related attractions please consult our Tourist Mines and Museums page or view the


In Rome they call it the "ring road", in the USA there is the "Beltway", Madrid will soon call it "via verde". The Spanish capital aims to fight the heat island of its city surrounding himself with a sea of green.
A green fortress around the city
The urban forest project in Madrid involves the planting of nearly half a million trees on a perimeter of 75 kilometers (46 miles) around the city. When the trees reach maturity, they are expected to absorb around 175.000 tons of CO2 per year.
Black pine, beech, Spanish juniper and various oak species are all found in the arid center of Spain, where Madrid is located. These are the indigenous trees with little need for water that will make up the new forest.
“What we want to do is improve the air quality throughout the city. We want to combat the 'heat island' effect, absorb greenhouse gas emissions and connect all existing forest masses ", says Mariano Fuentes, Madrid environmental development councilor.
Madrid does not want to be a "killer city"
Fuentes explained that cities emit three-quarters of all man-made CO2, they tend to absorb much more heat and stale air than the surrounding countryside. We need to reverse this trend, and Madrid is at the forefront. But that's not enough.
"It has to be a global strategy," he adds.
It is not just about cars, but also about one pedestrianization strategy, the creation of environmental corridors in each neighborhood. To involve citizens in this new green culture, each city must face the situation in the best possible way.Mariano Fuentes
A long way, but to be done in a short time
Experts assured reporters that "it is not a park", but certainly for the nature-loving citizens of Madrid, it will be a place of rest, shade and habitat for birds. A "wellness factory" that will work day and night to absorb excess heat and clean the air of the megalopolis.


Having a healthy digestion system is more than being free of discomforts, heartburn, gas, and constipation. When foods are not digested thoroughly, nutrients cannot get to the cell. Nutrients are captured as food passes through the digestive system. The body needs a constant flow of nutrients, to grow, generate energy, and repair tissue.
A lack of digestive enzymes in the stomach and intestines causes heartburn, indigestion, bloating, gas, and constipation. It would be beneficial to take a digestive enzyme to help to eliminate these symptoms.
Without giving much thought to digestion, one thinks: food is placed into the mouth, chew, swallow, and digestion, not so. Nutrients are vital to every cell in the body, with the right mixture of nutrients, the nerves signal the digestion to take place. Making the right food and supplement choices, exercising, and taking herbal extracts, support the digestive system. Enzymes and nutrition make a healthy digestion system and transform food into energy for the body to use.
The body will function properly when it is given what is needed; it has 1,300 different enzymes that cause the body to function disease-free. Most people are void of the proper nutrients and enzymes, thereby causing diseases. The body has healing powers, when given the right fuel it will respond quickly. An organic whole food supplement has many nutrients working synergistically making the nutrients more available and effective.
Not only does the body need supplements, but also, more importantly, it needs a non-chemically manufactured supplement because the body does not recognize chemically manufactured supplements. These vitamins and minerals are extracted separately, are recognized as isolated nutrients, and cannot possibly compare to organic supplements.
Vitamins may come from a natural source, but oftentimes, because of processing, it is not natural. Perhaps this is why many scientists and doctors say taking a large quantity of vitamin supplements only passes through the body producing expensive urine.
The key is to think organic, what the body recognizes and will absorb. Whole organic food supplements contain nutrients, living enzymes, and life force energy.


- City History
- Imperial Sugar Mill
Imperial Sugar Mill
Another major landowner in the area after the Civil War, Littleberry Ambrose Ellis bought 2,000 acres of land in the Mills Battle and Cartwright Leagues in 1868, just one mile west of the Sugar Land mill. This included a station on the Southern Pacific tracks, known as Walker Station. Ellis named the plantation Sartartia after his oldest daughter. He later added 3,300 acres north of the railroad, most in the Battle League, but some in the Alexander Hodge League. In 1879, Ellis and Cunningham became partners contracting with the State to use prison convicts for labor. Convict leasing was a state institution and practiced throughout the southern United States.
In 1883, the partners built a brand new 600-ton raw sugar mill on Ellis’ land about a mile west of the Cunningham mill at Sugar Land. They named the mill “Imperial.” Just a year later, the partnership dissolved with Ellis retaining his original 5,300 acres and the Imperial Mill. He moved to Austin and turned the operation of the plantation over to his two sons, W. O. (Will) Ellis and C. G. Ellis. Raw sugar had a limited market because of its short shelf life. By the late 1800s, it was being refined into a white, granulated product that could be shipped to distant markets. It was Cunningham’s business savvy that led to the first sugar refinery in Texas. The Cunningham Refinery opened in 1896, state-of-the-art and built at a cost of $1.5 million.
Known as the “Texas Sugar King,” a fledgling town emerged under his ownership that included a store, post office, paper mill, acid plant, meat market, boarding house, and depot. But Cunningham’s success was cut short by a series of misfortune in bad loans, two major floods and the Great Storm of 1900 that devastated Galveston and the upper Texas Gulf Coast. Massive debt forced his company into receivership and the next important chapter of Sugar Land’s history as a company town.


The core chapters of this volume provide a complete course on metric, normed, and Hilbert spaces, and include many results and exercises seldom found in texts on analysis at this level. The author covers an unusually wide range of material in a clear and concise format including elementary real analysis, Lebesgue integration on R, and an introduction to functional analysis. This makes a versatile text also suited for courses on real analysis, metric spaces, abstract analysis, and modern analysis. The book begins with a comprehensive chapter providing a fast-paced course on real analysis, and is followed by an introduction to the Lebesgue integral. This provides a reference for later chapters as well as an introduction for students with only the typical sequence of undergraduate calculus courses as prerequisites. Other features include a chapter introducing functional analysis, the Hahn-Banach theorem and duality, separation theorems, the Baire Category Theorem, the Open Mapping Theorem and their consequences, and unusual applications such as weak solutions of the Dirichlet Problem and Pareto optimality in Mathematical Economics. Of special interest is the unique collection of nearly 750 exercises, many with guidelines for their solutions. The exercises include applications and extensions of the main propositions and theorems, results that fill in gaps in proofs or that prepare for proofs later in the book, pointers to new branches of the subject, and difficult challenges for the very best students.


Winter begins this morning, Monday, December 21, at 9:47 a.m. to be precise. That minute marks the 2009 Winter Solstice.
The Winter Solstice occurs exactly when the earth’s axial tilt is farthest away from the sun at its maximum of 23° 26′. Though the Winter Solstice lasts an instant in time, the term is also refers to the day on which it occurs. For most people in the high latitudes this is commonly known as the shortest day and the sun’s daily maximum position in the sky is the lowest. The seasonal significance of the Winter Solstice is in the reversal of the gradual lengthening of nights and shortening of days.
The Winter Solstice is also the shortest day or lowest sun position for people in low latitudes located between the Tropic of Cancer (23°26’N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23°26’S). Depending on the shift of the calendar, the winter solstice occurs some time between December 21 and December 22 each year in the Northern Hemisphere, and between June 20 and June 21 in the Southern Hemisphere.
Celebrate the Winter Solstice with these events
- Winter Solstice Hike at Raven Hill Discovery Center in East Jordan
- Luminaries in the Cemetery at Kaleva
- Winter Solstice Celebration, East Jordan


E is for EMPATHY.
To continue our own growth on empathy as adults, I highly recommend The Miseducation of Empathy by Jonelle Massey. Mrs. Massey explains that the idea of “put yourself in someone else’s shoes” is very challenging for children with limited experiences to pull from. To ask a child to imagine an experience far from their reality is next to impossible. She suggests that we all keep our own shoes on and walk together, side-by-side, learning from one another. I am pretty sure I was nodding my head and saying, “YES,” the entire time I read her book. Mrs. Massey explains that, “Empathy is understanding why a person feels the way they do. Empathy is a learned behavior.” The good news? We can help facilitate this behavior!
Once again, picture books are a wonderful tool to help provide examples and experiences for children in a safe environment. Check out this list of books to help explore empathy. Click here!
Need a little more of a push to check out Jonelle Massey’s book? Check out a blog post I wrote last summer after finishing the book.
#atozchallenge #aprilatozchallenge #blogging #empathy #themiseducationofempathy
One thought on “E is for Empathy”
Great reading list for children of all ages.


A perimeter is a measurement used to quantify the length of a path around a two-dimensional object’s outer edge. Hence it infers to the length of the path that bounds an area. It is derived from the Greek words ‘peri’ (meaning surrounding) and ‘metron’ (measuring) and was used for the first time in the 15th century.
The perimeter of a polygon – a two-dimensional object with angles, refers to the entire length of the sides or edges. However we use the term circumference to describe the measurement around a circle, which is simply the perimeter of circle.
We measure the length of the sides of a small shape with straight line sides using a ruler. The perimeter is calculated by summing the lengths of the shape’s sides/edges. We can use a string of thread to create curved forms by placing it once along the shape’s boundaries. For example, the perimeter of triangle can be calculated with the help of it’s sides.
The perimeter of an item can be calculated in a variety of ways. Knowledge of how to calculate the perimeter can help you figure out how long a fence should be to encircle a yard or garden, or how much decorative border to buy to cover the upper margins of a room’s walls. In addition, knowledge of a wheel’s perimeter, or circumference, will tell you how far it will roll in one rotation.
Facts of Perimeter and Area
Perimeter and area are interconnected. If the perimeters of different shapes are the same, the areas of their respective shapes need not be the same. Consider a rope of length 24 cm and create different 2D shapes as shown in the image below.Even the shapes have the same perimeter; each shape will have a different area. The area of a shape increases with the increase in the number of sides, even though the perimeter is constant. The values of perimeter and area are shown in the table given below.
The circle has infinite sides. Thus, the circle has more area than the other shapes.
Know more about other concepts of Geometry on 2D Shapes, Herons Formula, Area of Triangle, Perimeter of Circle and Types of Triangle.


Yes there are many ancient pre-Hispanic ruins throughout Mexico and this one is likewise astonishing. Dating back to 500 BC it predates Teotihuacan north of Mexico City by a few hundred years. There is evidence of cultural connections to the Olmecs. Though there is evidence of small wandering bands of peoples in Mexico dating back some 10,000 years the first to organize into large city populations were the Olmecs and this site is one of the oldest.
To me the most amazing fact is that the first phase of Monte Alban’ from about 500 to 200 BC saw the leveling of a mountaintop on which they built temples and palaces. That’s right, 300 years of mountaintop leveling! At its peak from about 350 to 700 AD the city had an estimated population of about 25,000. Between about 700 and 950 AD the site was abandoned and fell into ruin. After the city’s decline it was visited periodically by other Mesoamerican peoples who used the site to bury some of their high level leaders whose tombs weren’t discovered until the 20th century.
Another amazing fact about the site is that although the Spanish had a very large settlement in Oaxaca which is visible from the Monte Alban’ site and vice versa they never discovered the ruin. Even though the mountaintop was leveled the temples and buildings since became swallowed up and overgrown by vegetation and from Oaxaca it just looked like another mountaintop. The site wasn’t discovered until the early 19th century and wasn’t fully explored until the mid-20th century. The preservation is unprecedented since the Spanish had a habit of tearing down large monuments and using the stones to build their own cathedrals right on top of the old ruins. Who knows what treasures hide under the 16th and 17th century cathedrals that we view as so old?
One thought on “Monte Alban’”
Buenas fotos de Monte Alban. We had a funny experience: “According to Agustin” He was our guide and whenever we went to read one of the government information signs, he would move us away, “No, no, according to Agustin” and we would hear the “real history.” oxoxox


It is possible to increase the pitch even as you extend the slide
In general, the longer the tube, the lower the note. However, trombone players can play higher notes as they extend the slide, simply by closing their mouths and changing how they blow into the instrument. It's hard to explain in writing, so take a look at the video. This technique is used when playing thin sound patterns during jazz performances.
Musical Instrument Guide:Trombone Contents
How to Play
How the Instrument is Made
Choosing an Instrument
Care and Maintenance
- God is in the trombone
- The trombone was a bit of a problem for cavalries...
- A trombone that would scare even a snake!
- Two instruments, both tenor, but quite different!
- A trombone player walks into pawnshop...
- You can trill just by moving your mouth
- It is possible to increase the pitch even as you extend the slide
- Famous pieces from trombone concertos
- Orchestra pieces in which the trombone plays an important role
- The Yamaha quartet
- For trombones, why does sheet music notation differ from the fundamental tone of the instrument?
- A bass trombone-with an F attachment only


Artistic experimentation in Rio during the 1960s culminated in the collective exhibition Apocalipopótese, in Rio’s Atero do Flamengo park. Documented in beautiful 16mm by the marginal poet Raymundo Amado, the exhibition included Lygia Pape’s Ovos (Eggs), cloth boxes from which an enclosed person breaks forth; Antonio Manuel’s Urnas quentes, wooden boxes that participants broke open to reveal slogans like “Down with the Dictatorship” and “Power to the People”; and poet Torquato Neto and critic Frederico Morais donning Oiticica’s Parangolé capes. The exhibition marked the passage from the 1960s to the 1970s in the work of the group of artists around Clark and Oiticica.
Duarte coined the event’s title by fusing the words apotheosis, hypothesis, and apocalypse, in order to describe a series of artistic actions that distanced themselves from artistic institutions to approach the streets as the main stage. Apocalipopótese shows a search for the margins as creative methodology. Duarte considered himself marginal because he had discovered that “the margin is inside the river (rio in Portuguese),” a play on words that pointed at the urban experience of Rio de Janeiro.