The international iceberg patrol service is now able to track drifting ice from orbit more swiftly through cloud computing.
The icebergs drifting in transatlantic shipping lines break off from the Greenland ice sheet before being carried into the Baffin Bay. From there, they either become grounded or continue southwards. Most are gradually weathered away, but some can endure dangerously far south.
On April 15, 1912, the most infamous iceberg in history collided with the Titanic just south of the tail of Newfoundland’s Grand Banks. Where more than 1500 people perished.
The disaster prompted maritime nations to establish an iceberg patrol across the North Atlantic that continues to this day. Since 1913 the US Coast Guard has run the International Ice Patrol and since and no vessel has collided with an iceberg in that time.
Within the January to July ice season, aircraft make regular flights, adding to a large amount of radar imagery from Europe’s Sentinel-1A and -1B satellites.
The Patrol uses aerial and ship sightings to feed an iceberg database which publishes daily warnings for mariners.
“Each flight lasts seven to nine hours to cover an expanse of water of 75 000 sq km or more,” explains David Arthurs of PolarView, running the Polar Thematic Platform for ESA.
“Speed is very important: we aim to get these results into the hands of the Ice Patrol as swiftly as possible – within a handful of hours at most.”
“This cloud approach will provide a bridge to the Patrol’s future by improving our ability to monitor iceberg hazards from space and continue to protect the maritime community,” noted Michael Hicks, Chief Scientist of the International Ice Patrol.
The online platform allows the easy extraction of information from a collection of satellite data and computer models, including iceberg calving and trajectory models, historical, ocean current and wind data covering the Baffin Bay, and Greenland ice sheet products from ESA’s Climate Change Initiative.
ESA’s six Thematic Exploitation Platforms allow knowledge to be extracted from large environmental datasets produced through Europe’s Copernicus program and other Earth observation satellites.
Credit: European Space Agency


In physics, work against gravity is simply weight multiplied by displacement.
Work by gravity
In the absence of other forces, gravity results in a constant downward acceleration of every freely moving object. Near Earth's surface the acceleration due to gravity is g = 9.8 m.s-2 and the gravitational force on an object of mass m is Fg = mg. It is convenient to imagine this gravitational force concentrated at the center of mass of the object. If an object is displaced upwards or downwards a vertical distance y2 − y1, the work W done on the object by its weight mg is:
W = Fg (y2-y1) = Fg Δy = - mg Δy
where Fg is weight (pounds in imperial units, and newtons in SI units), and Δy is the change in height y. Notice that the work done by gravity depends only on the vertical movement of the object. The presence of friction does not affect the work done on the object by its weight.
Wikipedia, Work (physics), 2019
Work against gravity is simply weight multiplied by displacement. This was known recently, however this was portrayed in the Quran 1400 years before it was discovered. In the Quran work is related to weight.
Whoever does work of an atom's weight of good will see it. And whoever does work of an atom's weight of evil will see it.
٧ فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ
٨ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ
"Aamal عمل" means work. In this verse "Yaamal يَعْمَلْ" means do work. Here work (W) is linked to weight (mg).
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Name of speaker:
Dr. Yosef Meʾir
Gender of speaker:
Occupation of speaker:
Physicist, high school principal, lecturer and researcher at higher education institutes
Age of speaker at time of recording:
Year of immigration:
Speaker's country of origin:
Speaker's community of origin:
Yehudit Henshke, Yaʿel Wecsler
Year of recording:
Rabbi Brom was also a Dayan (judge) who from time to time needed to arrange court trials.
He did so with Rabbi Breish ZT"L who was the Rabbi of the Agudas Achim community in Zurich [community of Eastern European (Ost Juden) disciples and oppositionists].
Despite the tension between local Jews and Eastern Jews, they shared great love and appreciation to one another.
Rabbi Shmuel (Samuel) Brom ZT”L was the Rabbi of Lucerne. He was a great and wise scholar.


One of our favorite summertime activities is going on nature walks. My children like to look for things that they’ve never seen before and learn about different types of insects, birds, and plants. Ever since we made our Watercolor Butterfly craft, my children love searching for different types of butterflies.
The other day, my toddler spotted a dragonfly for the first time. As soon as we got home, we created a Handprint Dragonfly Craft. I love making crafts for kids with my children’s handprints. They make adorable keepsakes!
- White Cardstock
- Watercolor Paints
- Paint Brush
- Jumbo Popsicle Stick
- Acrylic Paint
- Googly Eyes
- Pipe Cleaner
1. Have your child paint a piece of white cardstock with the watercolor paints. I poured our Homemade Watercolor Paints into spray bottles and added 1/4 cup of water to each color. Then, I let my children paint by spraying the piece of paper.
2. After the paint dries, trace both of your child’s hands and cut the handprints out.
3. Using the acrylic paint, have your child paint the jumbo popsicle stick. My son picked yellow paint, but you can pick any color.
4. After the paint on the popsicle stick dries, glue on the googly eyes.
5. Cut a pipe cleaner in half and then fold it in half. Glue it to the back of the popsicle stick and curl the ends of the pipe cleaner.
You can attach a string or a piece of yarn to your Handprint Dragonfly Craft and hang it or glue a magnet on the back of the clothes pin and put it on your refrigerator.
A Handprint Dragonfly Craft is an easy and fun art project for children to make. It is also a great way to teach your kids about nature and create crafts for kids that you will treasure.
What a cute craft! We will definitely try this out. Thanks for sharing on Toddler Fun Friday!
Raising Little Superheroes says
Thanks! I love handprint crafts!


German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt embarked on a 5-year exploration of North and South America in 1799. His trip was successful, and when he returned home in 1804, he had an extensive collection of plant and animal specimens
Humboldt also took voluminous notes, including some interesting jottings from a trip through Venezuela in 1800 where he spent some time chatting with a local parrot.
According to Mental Floss:
“According to legend, during his exploration of the Orinoco River, Humboldt met and stayed with a local indigenous Carib tribe near the isolated village of Maypures. The tribe, so the story goes, had a number of tame parrots kept in cages around the village, many of which had been taught to speak—although one, Humboldt noted, sounded noticeably different from the rest. When he asked the locals why this parrot sounded so unusual, he was told that it had belonged to a neighboring tribe, who had been the Caribs’ enemies.”
In other words, the parrot was speaking a different language than the rest. And sadly, the parrot was the only speaker left. The rest of the tribe had been wiped out, and not a single native speaker remained. Just the parrot. It was the last vestige of their linguistic culture.
Being the keen observer and recorder, Humboldt wrote down what the parrot sounded like, transcribing the sounds phonetically and coming out with about 40 words from the parrot’s (and the lost tribe’s) vocabulary.
We’ll never know how accurate the language is, but the notebook holds the last of what we have.
Interestingly, in 1997, an artist taught two more parrots to speak the language based on Humboldt’s notebook.
Some think the parrot’s story is mere legend, but Humboldt recounted his trip down the Orinoco river in his Equinoctial Regions of America in great detail and accurately described the Atures tribe that the parrot spoke the language of. – WTF fun facts
Source: “The Parrot That Kept A Language Alive” — Mental Floss


Students were enquired to answer a question at schools and to assert what is most important for them to succeed. From the numerous replies, the one which that stood out was practice. Persons who commonly successful do not become successful by being born. They work hard and determination their lives to succeeding. This is how you can reach your goals. following some question and answer examples that you could definitely utilize to further enhance your knowledge and gain insight that will assist you to sustain your school studies.
Which factor directly influenced the names of the theater companies? Read the excerpt from The Time Traveler’s Guide to Elizabethan England.
In their stead, people increasingly choose to see secular plays on historical and moral themes. These are performed up and down the country by theater companies called after lords, for example “Lord Sussex’s Men,” “Lord Strange’s Men,” “the Lord Admiral’s MEn,” and “Lord Leicester’s Men.” The reason for these names is that, while unattached actors are liable to be arrested for vagrancy, the Act of 1572 specifically excludes players properly authorized by lords from being considered vagabonds.
A. the Act of 1572*
B. the play Lord Sussex’s Men
C. the historical and moral themes
D. the leading actors
please answer only if you have actually seen this lesson or taken this quiz to prevent junk answers. please do not copy&paste the first answer which takes up both answer slots.
The factor that directly influenced the names of the theater companies is: A. the Act of 1572.
What is the Act of 1572?
The Act of 1572 is that which made provisions for specific details that will guide the naming of theatres. In the text, we can see that this Act excluded players who had authorization by lords to not be classified as vagabonds.
So, this Act played a major role in dictating the names of the theater companies.
Learn more about the theaters here:
From the answer and question examples above, hopefully, they can definitely guide the student take care of the question they had been looking for and observe of the whole thing stated in the answer above. You can certainly then have a discussion with your classmate and continue the school learning by studying the question collectively.


The health crisis: Cyclists ahead of pedestrians
In response to the health crisis, the municipality of Barcelona carried out a number of actions to make travel safer and free up more space for active modes of transport and leisure. Building on previous experience, the tactical approach was used to implement emergency actions (actuacions emergència). Of these many actions, only changes affecting daily mobility have persisted after the crisis, such as bicycle lanes, sidewalk widening and roadway narrowing at intersections.
For cyclists, new cycle corridors (Corredors bici) were created throughout the city using street paint and plastic shock absorbers. Using materials similar to those that would be used for permanent cycle infrastructure, as soon as the corridors were installed, they were intended to last. Of the 25 kilometres completed (20 kilometres in 2020 and 5 in 2021), 100% are still operational today. It did not seem necessary to carry out any permanent improvements. The rollout of cycling amenities has thus accelerated in Barcelona and in some municipalities in the metropolitan area.
Towards a metropolitan bicycle network
In the Barcelona Metropolitan Area (Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona, AMB), several municipalities wanted to strengthen the metropolitan cycle network during the crisis. The accelerated completion of 70 kilometres of bicycle infrastructure was announced in the metropolitan cycle plan for 2020, for this area of 3.2 million inhabitants (36 municipalities and area of 630 square kilometres). While the state of emergency made it possible to speed up public procurement procedures, many technical, financial and scheduling constraints slowed down the implementation of these developments within the AMB. By spring 2021, around 35 kilometres were completed, planned, or in construction, with the City of Barcelona in the lead.


The perception of a melody is invariant to the absolute properties of its constituting notes, but depends on the relation between them—the melody's relative pitch profile. In fact, a melody's “Gestalt” is recognized regardless of the instrument or key used to play it. Pitch processing in general is assumed to occur at the level of the auditory cortex. However, it is unknown whether early auditory regions are able to encode pitch sequences integrated over time (i.e., melodies) and whether the resulting representations are invariant to specific keys. Here, we presented participants different melodies composed of the same 4 harmonic pitches during functional magnetic resonance imaging recordings. Additionally, we played the same melodies transposed in different keys and on different instruments. We found that melodies were invariantly represented by their blood oxygen level–dependent activation patterns in primary and secondary auditory cortices across instruments, and also across keys. Our findings extend common hierarchical models of auditory processing by showing that melodies are encoded independent of absolute pitch and based on their relative pitch profile as early as the primary auditory cortex.
This blog reports new ideas and work on mind, brain, behavior, psychology, and politics - as well as random curious stuff
Friday, November 15, 2013
Where musical melodies are represented in our brains.
Here is a fascinating piece by Schindler et al. (open access) showing that musical melodies, or ‘gestalts’ are encoded at very early stages of our auditory processing and are constant through changes of key signature and type of instrument playing.
Posted by Deric Bownds at 9:06 AM
Blog Categories: music
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I wonder how this plays in to the phenomenon of mentally 'listening' to music that's playing in one's head. I've got the song for an old 1990-era PC game stuck in there right now, on repeat for the last hour or so...ReplyDelete
Interesting question. It would be reasonable to suppose that the activation patterns mentioned by the authors would be involved in a mental replay. They presumably could try this experiment.ReplyDelete
Good Work SirReplyDelete


FROM JAMA SURGERY
The rates of breast-conserving surgery have increased over the last 2 decades among women with early-stage breast cancers in the United States, but disparities persist, based on an analysis of data from the National Cancer Data Base.
The rate of breast-conserving surgery has risen from approximately 54% in 1998 to 60% in 2011, but this rate may have been affected by “technical advances and changes in societal norms [that] include genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation, advances in reconstruction techniques, breast magnetic resonance imaging, and increased patient interest in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy,” Dr. Meeghan Lautner and her colleagues at University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Care Center, Houston, wrote.
“Among the most encouraging findings from our analysis is the considerable improvement of disparities based on facility type and the options afforded to older populations … however, insurance, income, and travel distance to treatment facilities persist as key barriers to [breast-conserving therapy] use,” the researchers said.
Their analysis of a cohort of 727,927 women, published online June 17 in JAMA Surgery, showed that women with early breast cancer were less likely to receive breast-conserving surgery if they had a low educational level, public or no health insurance, and low income.
Women aged 52-61 years were 14% more likely to be treated with breast-conserving surgery, compared with younger women. White race, fewer comorbidities, and living closer to a treatment facility were all positively associated with being treated with breast-conserving surgery.
Those in southern regions of the United States were significantly less likely to receive breast-conserving surgery, compared with those in the Northeast. The researchers said their data suggest the lower rates are because of the greater travel distances to treatment facilities in the South.
Women with no insurance were 25% less likely than those with private insurance to have breast-conserving therapy (JAMA Surgery 2015 June 17 [ doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2015.1102 ]).
The researchers declared no conflicts of interest.


Inside the closet of any proper fashionable woman is a little black dress–that dependable, simple frock which looks both dressy and casual depending on the occasion. Though the color had long been associated with mourning, Edwardian couturiers, in quest of anything new and innovative, lately snatched upon the notion of wearing black in sumptuous day and evening wear. From around 1909 to 1914, ladies increasingly turned to black or black-and-white gowns for simplicity and freshness. According to Anne Rittenhouse, the fashion editor for the New York Times in the Edwardian era, “a judicious selection of cut and material in a black gown will serve for walking, for afternoon calls, for luncheons, the matinee, and large teas. For exclusive luncheons, wedding breakfasts and receptions, for dinners are restaurants, and for receiving at an afternoon tea, the gown must be made of different material, even if on the same model.”
In a 1911 article, the correspondent for The Daily Graphic remarked: “Women are to be fantasies of black and white. This lack of color was in vogue last Winter, but the combination has now developed into the wildest eccentricities:”
With a white satin gown were worn black furs, white silk stockings, and black shoes
A frock of white silk velvet brocade, over which was worn a mantle cloak of black chiffon and musquash
A black gown was heavily embroidered with white knitted worsted, while another was edged around the hem of the short ankle skirt with tiny black silk fringes, through which were visible when the wearer walked the white uppers of black patent-leather boots.
The most famous occasion of black attire was “Black Ascot”–that week in 1910 where Society attended the races (at the behest of King George V) in mourning to honor King Edward VII, who died that May. Ultimately, Black Ascot, and the trend for black-and-white gowns at the end of the Edwardian era, inspired Cecil Beaton’s infamous Ascot sequence in My Fair Lady.


The August 14th, 2018’s Houston Chronicle, included this excellent article by Esther J. Cepeda (Writer forThe Washington Post) on the editorial page. She states that the most often heard request at a parent-teacher conference is they want “Johnny” to read better. She continues:
“Difficulties with reading are a major roadblock to students’ overall academic success, and the statistics are startling.” She gives averages, and points out that statistics for “black, Hispanic, and Native American-Pacific Islander students are even lower.” “Nearly a third of all fourth graders failed to reach a ” basic” level of reading ability, according to a 2017 report by the National Assessment of Educational Progress’ Nation’s Report Card on Reading.”
Of specific interest to this former junior high language arts teacher, is the statistic from this same 2017 report that “by eighth grade nearly a quarter of students still didn’t have such basic skills as identifying statements…
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One thought on ““TOO MANY STUDENTS STRUGGLE WITH READING”: Excerpts from this article”
This is a sad state of affairs. Our board spent a lot of money on helping teachers learn how to teach these skills.
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Soil and Climate Interactions with Grapevines
To test the hypothesis that soil type plays a minor role relative to that of vine vigor in the determination of yield, fruit composition and wine sensory attributes, 5 Chardonnay vineyards in the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario were chosen for study. These vineyards were located on sites with heterogeneous soil types to allow study of the impact upon yield, fruit composition and wine sensory attributes of: 1. Soil texture with mesoclimate kept constant; 2. The comparative magnitude of effects of soil texture, vine vigor, and crop size. Vineyard blocks were delineated using global positioning systems, and a series of 72-162 data vines per site were geo-located within a sampling grid imposed on each vineyard block. Data were collected on soil texture, soil composition, tissue elemental composition, vine performance (yield components and weight of cane prunings), and fruit composition. These variables were mapped using geographical information systems and relationships between them were elucidated. Soil texture and composition were frequently correlated to yield components and fruit composition but often relationships were site-specific. Spatial correlations were common between % sand, vine size, yield, berry weight, soluble solids (Brix), and titratable acidity (TA); however, these relationships were vineyard and vintage dependent. Several spatial relationships were apparent between vine size, yield, Brix, TA and many soil and petiole composition variables, including organic matter, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and soil/petiole N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B. Spatial relationships between yield, berry weight, berry composition, vine size, and several soil physical and composition variables suggests a likely soil basis to the so-called “terroir effect”.
Issue: Terroir 2012
Cool Climate Oenology & Viticulture Institute
Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, Ont. L2S 3A1
Contact the author
GPS, GIS, soil moisture, leaf water potential, vine size, soil texture


Credo believes that everyone deserves the ability to learn and the opportunity to succeed.
We currently find ourselves in an era of unprecedented access to Information, however successfully navigating this ocean of data requires a strong foundation of information literacy skills. Unfortunately, the information skills of the average individual are often lacking. For example, 56% of high school graduates don’t know how to do research.1 At the same time, 61% of college students use Wikipedia for research even though just 24% of them believe that it is a trustworthy source.2 This extends beyond the classroom—77% of employees feel that finding and using information is an essential part of their everyday work.3 Most surprising of all: nearly a third of all U.S. citizens do not know how to use the Internet!4
Credo Reference is an information skills solutions provider that serves libraries worldwide. We build platforms and instructional materials that enable the flexible configuration of content, technology and services for the purpose of connecting learners, faculty and teachers, librarians and publishers. Credo promotes knowledge building, problem solving and critical thinking to give people the information skills necessary for success throughout their academic, professional and personal lives.
Credo, founded in the U.K. under the name of Xrefer, has helped colleges, universities and public libraries successfully educate students and patrons since 1999. We are headquartered in Boston, MA, USA and maintain an office in the U.K. Contact Us.
1 Achieve, Inc. (2005). Rising to the challenge: Are high school graduates prepared for college and work? Retrieved from http://www.achieve.org/RisingtotheChallenge
2 McKiel, A.W. (2012). 2011 Global student e-book survey. Retrieved from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/surveys/docDetail.action?docID=80076107
3 Travis, T. (2011) From the classroom to the boardroom: The impact of information literacy instruction on workplace research skills. Education Libraries, 34. Retrieved from http://units.sla.org/division/ded/educationlibraries/34-2.pdf
4 United States Department of Commerce. (2011). Fact sheet: Digital literacy. Retrieved from http://www.commerce.gov/news/fact-sheets/2011/05/13/fact-sheet-digital-literacy


Childhood pertussis carries an increased risk of developing epilepsy, Danish researchers report.
Pertussis (whooping cough) sickens tens of thousands of children in the US annually, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The highest case total in recent years was 48,277 reported cases in 2012. Though inoculation against pertussis is common, the illness occurred in 5,563 US children under age 7 who were vaccinated, the CDC reported.
Pertussis is known to cause encephalopathy and seizures in infants. However, the risk of childhood epilepsy following pertussis is unknown.
In an article in JAMA, Danish researchers Morten Olsen, MD, PhD, and colleagues report on the longer term consequences for children in Denmark who contracted the illness. The team found that these children are at increased risk of epilepsy, compared to the general population.
The researchers studied 4,700 pediatric patients with pertussis of whom 90 developed epilepsy.
Compared to the general population, patients who had come down with pertussis were 1.7 times more likely to develop epilepsy than those who did not. The incidence of epilepsy in children who had pertussis was 1.56 cases per 1,000 person years compared to .88 cases per 1,000 person years in children who did not have pertussis.
“However, the absolute risk was low,” they concluded.
The researchers looked population-based medical registries covering all Danish hospitals to identify a cohort of all patients with pertussis born between 1978 and 2011


The term “architectural models for suspended ceilings” stands for specific structures of difficult shapes and forms, which use one or several materials that inspired the architect of a project, and cannot be found standardized in the market. They are mainly used in commercial properties, shops and department stores, offices, restaurants, cafeterias, hotels, etc.
These structures may include:
- perforated aluminum sheets on flat canvases of various dimensions placed on the mounting grid, which will create decorational motifs. We can also install scene lighting above the suspended ceiling instead of primary lighting.
- creation of a prismatic (multilevel) suspended ceiling with perforated aluminum sheets in combination with solid surfaces. In this case, we can also add light beams to the sides with a small prolapse angle, which will highlight the relief on the prisms, thus displaying over-illuminated and under-illuminated surfaces.
- construction of curved metal ceilings using a composition of arched panels consisting of perforated patterns; creation of groin vaults, arched channels of variable thickness and other unique concept sculptures on the ceiling.
- wood-paneled ceilings with simple, linear or relief decoration, whose inner panels can be constructed from a perforated metal sheet pattern.
- Ceilings offer endless ideas and opportunities, which cannot be described in a general presentation but can be developed separately for each project by expanding on the original idea of the architect – developer.


Allergy medications are a common way to treat the symptoms of allergies, but it’s important to understand the potential risks and benefits before taking them. Allergy medications can be divided into two main categories: over-the-counter (OTC) medications and prescription medications.
OTC medications are available without a prescription and are generally considered safe for most people. Common OTC medications include antihistamines, decongestants, and nasal sprays. These medications can help relieve the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. However, they can also cause side effects such as drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness.
Prescription medications are stronger than OTC medications and are usually prescribed by a doctor. These medications can be used to treat more severe allergies or to prevent an allergic reaction. Common prescription medications include corticosteroids, immunotherapy, and monoclonal antibodies. These medications can be effective in treating allergies, but they can also cause serious side effects such as increased risk of infection, high blood pressure, and weight gain.
Before taking any allergy medication, it’s important to talk to your doctor about the potential risks and benefits. Your doctor can help you decide which medication is right for you and can provide advice on how to use it safely. It’s also important to read the label carefully and follow the instructions for use.
Allergy medications can be an effective way to treat the symptoms of allergies, but it’s important to understand the potential risks and benefits before taking them. Talk to your doctor to make sure you’re taking the right medication for your allergies and using it safely.


The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has published a safety guide for metal recyclers.
This follows publication of its safety standard Control of Orphan Sources and Other Radioactive Material in the Metal Recycling and Production Industries.
The safety guide recommends that metal recyclers apply a graded approach on the basis of the size of the individual metal recycling and production facility and on the radioactive material that it might reasonably be expected to encounter.
In practice, this means that small- and medium-sized facilities should have some awareness of the problem and be able to visually recognise suspect material and know who to contact in the event of a discovery.
On the other hand, large facilities should be equipped with radiation detectors and should have sufficient radiation protection expertise available to undertake an initial response and to isolate suspect material.
The guide also shows how irrespective of the regulations within any state, radioactive material may become mixed with scrap metal destined for recycling from sources such as medical, industrial, research and military applications.
When it comes to international shipments of scrap metal, the Safety Guide requires that metal recyclers should provide a statement indicating whether the scrap metal has been subject to radiation monitoring and the results of this monitoring. It also says operators of large facilities should conduct appropriate radiation monitoring to determine whether the scrap metal being processed and any resulting products and wastes are safe.
It also calls for monitoring of scrap metal entering a facility even when the supplier provides its own results of radiation monitoring.


‘Naer-gaetni’ is an Icelandic term for ‘the care you need to take when you get close to someone’.
The Handy Approach is the first step in co-producing support preparation as it prompts Interdisciplinary Teams to elicit aspirations for care. The Handy Approach is a framework which brings the personal together with the mental, the physical and the social domains of integrated caring. It enables Interdisciplinary Teams to summarise the key features of the lived life of people receiving care by capturing wellness and ability by starting with what matters to the person and their family/carer receiving care. The Handy Approach is supported with Flash Teaching© with the aim of making Interdiciplinary Teams highly functional.
Crafting Person Centred Care in Five Questions, mapped on the hand starting with the thumb:
- Thumb (COGNITION mental domain)
Can you remember what you did yesterday?
- Index finger (CONSENT mental domain)
Do you give us permission to be involved in your care?
- Middle finger (FUNCTION physical domain)
Are you able to get out of bed?
- Ring finger (SETTING social domain)
Are you alone at night?
- Little finger (HOPES/WISHES personal domain)
What matters to you at the moment, in the next few months and in the coming year?
Co-production starts with eliciting ‘What matters to you? What does a good day look like for you? What will you notice if our team has made a difference?’
The personal and social domains are key factors in determining what is possible, in order to formulate solutions.
At the first and subsequent visits the Interdisciplinary Team needs to be alerted:
- If the person has any cognitive impairment
- If they are bed-bound
- If they live alone or with a partner who is cognitively impaired


Ovarian cancer is serious and life-threatening, and women with a BRCA mutation are at increased risk of developing the disease. This video covers the basics of BRCA testing in ovarian cancer. Watch to learn what a BRCA mutation is and why it’s important to get tested for one.
BRCA genes normally suppress the ability of cancer cells to grow and multiply
When BRCA genes are mutated, their function changes, and cancer cells can begin to grow out of control
If you have a BRCA mutation, your risk of developing ovarian cancer increases
Knowing that you have a BRCA mutation before your diagnosis can lead to proactive screenings. Testing positive for a mutation can also help determine your treatment options.
If you have a BRCA1 mutation, you have an estimated 39% chance of developing ovarian cancer by age 70. If you have a BRCA2 mutation, you have an estimated 11% chance of developing ovarian cancer by age 70.
This year alone, ovarian cancer is estimated to be diagnosed in over 22,000 women.
Of those 22,000 women, an estimated 3300 have a BRCA mutation.
Family history is important, but it’s not always an indicator of a BRCA mutation. A study showed that 47% of women with BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer have no family history of relevant cancers.
If you have ovarian cancer and test positive for a BRCA mutation, your treatment options could completely change. Here’s what you need to know:
Targeted therapy is advancing through new developments in science. You’ll want to know your BRCA status to see if you are eligible for these treatments.
If you’re interested in getting BRCA tested, talk to your doctor. Use information in the BRCA Guide to help start the conversation.
Discover moreAbout Ovarian Cancer
Find outHow to Get Tested for BRCA Mutations


Management is management of a human resource function, which involves planning, organizing and leading the activities of people to achieve a specific goal. Managers direct the behavior of people and perform other functions such as planning, organizing and leading activities, managing performance, creating goals and objectives, staffing and managing resources. The key element in management is a skill. There are many different kinds of skills that managers use to manage people. These skills can be technical or procedural.
A prime example of a management skill is goal-oriented management. Goal-oriented management involves the planning, setting and influencing the actions of others so as to achieve a specific goal. Managers may employ any number of techniques to make their goal-oriented management policies work, including bureaucratic, functional, top-down, bottom-up, participation and management leadership styles. In most cases, however, managers must control the process by which they develop and implement their goal-oriented policies.
Another example of a managerial skill is social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship occurs when managers use their skills in providing services, products or information to groups of people who need those things and offer their contributions to society. This process involves both the development of a viable idea and the creation of a market for that idea. Some of the key terms used in social entrepreneurship include social marketing, social entrepreneurship Lab, and market testing.
Managers also have to effectively use technology to their advantage. They have to do this by using computer software applications, networks and databases effectively to track and facilitate the acquisition, storage, analysis, distribution and disposal of available resources. These computer applications and networks help managers to collect, organize, store, analyze and communicate data. These computer applications and networks are available in many forms and are widely used by businesses and other organizations.
Many organizations and businesses are looking for individuals with good management skills to lead their organizations into the future. Organizations and businesses are looking for managers with both analytical and interpersonal skills to take them through the challenges they face in their current competitive environment. In order to attract and retain these managers, the business must be willing to develop an appropriate compensation program that will attract the best available managers.
The main thing to remember is that all managers do not possess the same management skills. Each manager has their own personality, characteristics and experiences they bring to the table. The best managers are great listeners, able to make decisions based on the facts and supported by a sound strategic plan. While the different levels of management are very different from one another, they share some core organizational characteristics.


Technology Studies provide students with experiences that are essential in our constantly changing technological world. Technology Studies encompasses all other aspects of the curriculum. Technology has a number of dimensions including: information, materials and systems, and there are clearly identified links between these dimensions and all other studies offered at Portland Secondary College.
Technology education gives students the knowledge and skills to produce quality products that solve problems or meet needs. It involves students studying materials, electronic, mechanical, foods and other technological systems and also examining the effects the use of particular technologies or processes have on society and the environment.
Technology Studies will form an integral part of the total curriculum and will offer students a range of technological experiences.
Technology education aims to develop in students:
- a systematic and creative approach to generating technological solutions
- the knowledge and skills to use a variety of equipment and resources
- an understanding of the principles for safely operating equipment
- the ability to explore and assess the past and potential consequences of using technology
- a sense of self-confidence and self sufficiency in dealing with technology.
Students gain a knowledge and appreciation of the roles that people play in using technological systems. Positive outcomes include an appreciation of the environmental, social and economic issues related to the increasing use of technology.
A problem solving approach is nurtured through investigation of a problem, trialling possible solutions, developing schedules of work that are inclusive of correct use of tools, equipment, machines and materials and producing a product which is evaluated in terms of the original problem.
Students at Portland Secondary College can experience the three strands of Technology in the following core and extension subjects.
Materials – Food, Textiles, Wood, Metals, Plastics, Welding/Metal Fabrication, Engineering
Systems – Engineering Tech., Engineering Systems
Information – Wikis, Widgets & Blogs, Information Technology


Weight training, also known as resistance training, is a popular form of exercise that involves lifting weights or using other forms of resistance to build strength and muscle mass. At Just Integrity, we believe that weight training has many benefits, both for physical and mental health. Here are just a few:
- Increased muscle strength and tone: Weight training can help to build muscle strength and tone, which can improve your ability to perform everyday activities and reduce the risk of injury.
- Improved bone density: Weight training can also improve bone density, which can help to prevent osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions.
- Increased metabolism: Building muscle mass through weight training can also increase your metabolism, which can help you to burn more calories and lose weight.
- Improved mental health: Weight training has been shown to have positive effects on mental health, such as reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. It can also improve self-esteem and body image.
- Improved cardiovascular health: While weight training is often associated with building muscle, it can also have positive effects on cardiovascular health. It can improve heart health by increasing heart muscle strength and reducing the risk of heart disease.
So whether you’re looking to build muscle, improve your mental health, or improve your overall health, weight training is a great option to consider. Just Integrity encourages you to give weight training a try and see the benefits for yourself.


Overview: The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) provides an all-sky survey from 3 to 25 microns which is up to 500 times more sensitive than the IRAS survey. WISE's goals were to find the most luminous galaxies in the Universe, the closest stars to the Sun, detect most main belt asteroids larger than 3 km, and extend the 2MASS survey into the thermal infrared. WISE enables a wide variety of studies ranging from the evolution of protoplanetary debris discs to the history of star formation in normal galaxies. WISE has provided an infrared atlas whose legacy will endure for decades. WISE launched on 14 December 2009. In early October 2010, after completing its prime science mission, the spacecraft ran out of coolant that keeps its instrumentation cold. However, two of its four infrared cameras remained operational. These two channels were still useful for asteroid hunting, so NASA extended the NEOWISE portion of the WISE mission by four months, with the primary purpose of hunting for more asteroids and comets, and to finish one complete scan of the main asteroid belt. After the completion of this phase, WISE was placed in hibernation-mode. In September 2013, WISE was revived with the goal of discovering and characterizing near-Earth objects (NEOs), space rocks orbiting within 28 million miles (45 million kilometers) from Earth's path around the sun. NASA anticipates WISE will use its 16-inch (40-centimeter) telescope and infrared cameras to discover about 150 previously unknown NEOs and characterize the size, albedo and thermal properties of about 2,000 others -- including some which could be candidates for the agency's recently announced asteroid initiative.
IPAC is responsible for ingestion of raw WISE data, data processing to produce the final data products, and archiving mission science and engineering data. IPAC is also responsible for the distribution of WISE data to the community, in collaboration with the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. The IPAC Communications team also supports WISE public affairs and public outreach by preparing all of the WISE images for public release into the image gallery.


Lesson 2 Thousandths on Grids and in Words
Let’s represent numbers as decimals, fractions, words, and on hundredths grids.
Warm-up Estimation Exploration: What Part of the Square is Shaded?
How much of the square is shaded?
Record an estimate that is:
Activity 1 Represent Thousandths on a Grid
Shade each grid to represent the given number.
For each diagram, write a decimal number to represent how much is shaded. Explain or show your reasoning.
Shade 0.328 in the diagram. Explain or show your reasoning.
Activity 2 Say What?
Several students look at the diagram and describe the shaded region in different ways. Who do you agree with? Why?
Jada says it’s “15 hundredths.”
Priya says it’s “150 thousandths.”
Tyler says it’s “15 thousandths.”
Diego says it’s “1 tenth and 5 hundredths.”
Mai says it’s “1 tenth and half of a tenth.”
Write a decimal number to represent how much of the square is shaded.
Shade one hundred fifteen thousandths of the square.


The History of Antibiotics in Anglo-American Food Production
Golden, Janet (editor)
Apple, Rina D. (editor)
Pyrrhic Progress analyses over half a century of antibiotic use, regulation, and resistance in US and British food production. Mass-introduced after 1945, antibiotics helped revolutionize post-war agriculture. Food producers used antibiotics to prevent and treat disease, protect plants, preserve food, and promote animals’ growth. Many soon became dependent on routine antibiotic use to sustain and increase production. The resulting growth of antibiotic infrastructures came at a price. Critics blamed antibiotics for leaving dangerous residues in food, enabling bad animal welfare, and selecting for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria, which could no longer be treated with antibiotics. Pyrrhic Progress reconstructs the complicated negotiations that accompanied this process of risk prioritization between consumers, farmers, and regulators on both sides of the Atlantic. Unsurprisingly, solutions differed: while Europeans implemented precautionary antibiotic restrictions to curb AMR, consumer concerns and cost-benefit assessments made US regulators focus on curbing drug residues in food. The result was a growing divergence of antibiotic stewardship and a rise of AMR. Kirchhelle’s comprehensive analysis of evolving non-human antibiotic use and the historical complexities of antibiotic stewardship provides important insights for current debates on the global burden of AMR.
KeywordsAnti Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic; food production; United States; United Kingdom; history; legislation drug; Drug resistance; microbial
PublisherRutgers University Press
Publication date and placeNew Brunswick, 2020
SeriesCritical Issues in Health and Medicine,


Foundation Program in Nutrition
This is where the fun starts…
This short course offers you the core principals in healthy eating and what makes your body healthy. With this course, you will understand the basic nuts and bolts of how humans work – the anatomy and physiology of the human body, learn the essentials of nutrition and the nitty gritty of what the wrong food is doing to our health.
This course is great for personal use and can be used as the first step on your way to becoming a Nutritionist and Food Coach, or a Dietician’s assistant. This is our introductory course, which is the core of our health beliefs and must be taken before enrolling in our further courses.
|1. The Human body- how it works|
|2. Learn about Macronutrients|
|3. Micronutrients and Healthy Eating Guidelines (including)
|4. Body Composition and how to measure it|
To take this course, you must have English language skills to IELTS General Training System Band Score 5.
Recognition of prior learning
If you have a health or fitness qualification, you will be able to get credit for part of this course.
Sign up for the Foundation program today and start your new career


To much extent, we are all aware of the environmental problems the Earth is going through. The growing heat, the major changes in climate and pollution of all kind, is effecting not only the quality of human life, but is also shortening the life span of our dear planet and all the creatures that inhabit it. Amongst these environmental factors, the drastically increasing production of plastic and its consumption plays an important role unlike any other material.
Plastic is known to have a very durable life. If there are no humans left on Earth and all our devices and belongings are slowly left to decompose, plastic is one of those materials which will exhibit the most decomposition time - as much as a millennia! Since we are overusing the Earth's resources, the production rate across every industry has only increased. We have been entangled in this really strange race of mass production and consumption. This too has been a rising factor, as it has resulted in a lot of plastic being prepared to package all kinds of goods and products.
Currently, plastic bags have been banned in many countries and people are being encouraged to use tote bags and recyclable bags instead. It should be noted that plastic is not just about polythene bags or a plastic water bottle, it is a bunch of materials that are used to make. a variety of products. For example, we even have kitchen utensils which are made of plastic.
Also See: Put Down the Plastic: How to Move Away from Plastic Dependency #infographic
It's high time that we realise the dangerous impact of this material, despite the durability it offers. Even our marine life and animals are constantly suffering, as overproduction and large heaps of garbage are being dumped into the beautiful, vast oceans and seas. Below are a few various types of plastics, the various products they are used for, the impact on health, as well as their recycling capability.
Infographic by: EnergyMinute


An introduction to ‘unregulated energy’…
The energy efficiency of a building has become more in the public eye over recent years with those colourful EPC rating charts….seen with new purchases from washing machines to homes. But what do they really mean and how useful are they?
The EPC rating gives an energy efficiency grade from A (best-green) to G (worst-red), but it must be understood that it only tells us one half of the story.
EPC rating tells us about regulated energy loads and this is certainly useful when guiding us to make a purchase decision.
Regulated energy is from controlled sources eg. a light fitting, heater, hot water device, mechanical cooling – these building fittings have a know specification and this information can be incorporated into a design to achieve better energy efficiency.
However there is another less know energy use that we need to think about – unregulated energy.
Unregulated energy results from an uncontrolled source such as the operation of building systems eg. the use of lifts, fridges, printers, cookers, laptops..and so the list goes on. Unregulated energy use varies throughout the day and year, and will also change as users change. The tricky thing here is that user behaviour can only be predicted so it is hard to exactly define operational energy usage when designing for energy efficiency.
What a lot of words…and why does it matter!?
Well, in simple terms it does matter if we are serious about meeting the climate crisis goals that are ahead of us. It will also help us reduce the running costs of a building. In some cases, unregulated energy use can account for 50% of total energy use.
Regulated energy use is currently monitored by statutory Building Regulations (Part L), but it is typically up to the building occupants to influence the use of unregulated energy.
Here are some examples of simple and effective steps towards reducing the use of unregulated energy…user behaviour can make a difference:
- make sure that switches are turned off when not in use
- have a master shut-off switch
- turn the lights off when the room is unoccupied
- limit hot water storage volume and reduce circulation distances
- have a ‘green’ strategy in the building and work collectively towards conserving energy
…this is just the tip of the iceberg and careful design can also make big steps towards energy efficiency…do get in touch to discuss your project and how we can help.


Do you need a way to introduce each letter to your students? When I was in the classroom, we taught 1 letter per week then after a few weeks bumped it up to 2 letters per week. We never really had a “lesson” format to introduce the letters. This got me thinking how nice it would be to just be able to pull something up on my interactive whiteboard and be able to run through an entire, comprehensive, and interactive lesson all about each letter.
Boom Cards are one of my favorite things to create for teachers and students because they are interactive, NO prep, and just plain EASY to implement!
I have been working HARD to create these lessons in the form of Boom Cards to make teaching each letter easier on YOU! Each letter comes in 1 boom deck.
You can check out the Bb Boom Deck on this video:
As you can see in the video, audio directions are included! This means it can be used as an introduction for a large group, or done independently for students. It covers everything you need to teach each letter:
-Find the Uppercase
-Fill in the Uppercase
-Find the Lowercase
-Fill in the Lowercase
-Find it in the alphabet
-Find the letters (mixed in with other letters)
-How to write Uppercase
-How to write Lowercase
-Choose the pictures that start with this letter
-Can you think of more words that start with this letter
You can get a glimpse at each card here:
To check out the Letter Bb Intro Lesson, click the image below! You can also grab all of the Letters in the BUNDLE!


In England, just as the United States, binge drinking is a major problem among young adults. The act of drinking as much as you can, as fast as you can, can lead to a number of problems and even result in addiction. Combating the practice of binge drinking has proven difficult, with research indicating that campaigns against binge drinking have bore little fruit.
A new research conducted by Royal Holloway, University of London, in conjunction with three other UK universities, has found that official messages about binge drinking are unlikely to work and are often dismissed as irrelevant by young drinkers, Science Daily reports. The findings may be due to the consumption of large quantities of alcohol being part of their sub-cultural social identity, a group driven by the need to subvert rules and norms.
“The insight that heavy drinking can be part of a rule-breaking sub-culture may seem obvious, yet huge sums have been spent in the past on Government anti-drinking advertising campaigns that simply fuel the sense that sensible drinking is boring and conformist, while binge drinking is subversive fun,” said Professor Chris Hackley, from the School of Management at Royal Holloway.
“Government messages that say ‘drink sensibly’ ignore the ways many young people actually enjoy drinking. This research also has implications for other areas of Government health policy, where compulsive and excessive consumption can sometimes be fuelled by a need to defy and subvert official rules.”
What’s more, the research showed that high-price tagged ad campaigns may actually have an adverse effect on people most at risk of drinking to excess, according to the report. In the United Kingdom, alcohol related injuries and deaths cost the National Health Service £3.5 billion a year. Clearly, with the price of excessive alcohol consumption being as high as it is, the need for more effective methods is apparent.
The researchers contend that a more targeted and practical approach to alcohol intervention may be more effective than multi-million pound anti-drinking campaigns.
The findings were published in the Journal of Business Research.


The segment registers (CS, DS, SS, ES, FS, and GS) hold 16-bit segment selectors
To access a particular segment in memory, the segment selector for that segment must be present in the appropriate segment register.
Initialization by memory model
How segment registers are used depends on the type of memory management model that the operating system or executive is using.
When using the flat (unsegmented) memory model, segment registers are loaded with segment selectors that point to overlapping segments, each of which begins at address 0 of the linear address space.
These overlapping segments then comprise the linear address space for the program.
Typically, two overlapping segments are defined:.
|Overlapping Segment||Value||Data Type|
|The CS segment register||code segment||for code|
| All the other segment registers |
(DS, SS, ES, FS, and GS)
| data segment and |
|for data and stacks|
When using the segmented memory model, each segment register is ordinarily loaded with a different segment selector so that each segment register points to a different segment within the linear address space.
At any time, a program can thus access up to six segments that are mapped to the same linear address space.
To access a segment not pointed to by one of the segment registers, a program must first load the segment selector for the segment to be accessed into a segment register.
Each of the segment registers is associated with one of three types of storage:
|Types of storage||Segment Register|
|Program Data Type - Code||DS register point to four code segments|
|Program Data Type - Data||DS, ES, FS, and GS registers point to four data segments|
|Program Data Type - Stack||SS register point to four stack segments|
In 64-bit mode: CS, DS, ES, SS are treated as if each segment base is 0, regardless of the value of the associated segment descriptor base. This creates a flat address space for code, data, and stack. FS and GS are exceptions.
Both segment registers may be used as additional base registers in linear address calculations (in the addressing of local data and certain operating system data structures).


The Surprising Truth About Raccoon Jumping Abilities
Raccoons are known for their cute and mischievous behavior. They are intelligent creatures that are often found scavenging for food in suburban and urban areas. One of their most impressive abilities is their jumping skills. But just how high and far can raccoons jump? In this article, we will explore the surprising truth about raccoon jumping abilities.
To understand how high and far raccoons can jump, it is important to first examine their anatomy. Raccoons have powerful hind legs that are much longer than their front legs. This gives them the ability to jump high and far with ease. They also have sharp claws that allow them to grip onto surfaces and climb trees.
Raccoons are capable of jumping to impressive heights. On average, they can jump up to three feet vertically. However, some raccoons have been known to jump as high as six feet when motivated by food or when trying to escape danger. This is due to their powerful hind legs and ability to use their claws to propel themselves upwards.
In addition to their impressive jumping heights, raccoons can also jump far distances. They can leap up to eight feet horizontally in a single jump. This is due to their ability to use their hind legs to push off the ground and their sharp claws to grip onto surfaces as they launch themselves forward.
In conclusion, raccoons are capable of impressive jumping abilities due to their powerful hind legs and sharp claws. They can jump up to three feet vertically and up to eight feet horizontally in a single leap. While they may be cute and entertaining to watch, it is important to remember that raccoons are wild animals and should be treated with caution and respect.


Does water beat up faster than land?
This means that land heats and cools more quickly than water and this difference affects the climate of different areas on Earth. Different energy transfer processes also contribute to different rates of heating between land and water.
Does metal cool down faster than water?
The metal heats faster than the water because it requires less energy to heat it up (it has a lower heat capacity).
Is it hotter at the beach?
Near the beach is much cooler than it is just over a small set of mountains. The sea air keeps things warmer at night and cooler during the day. This is because of the atmospheric mixing and local winds that are created. Large amounts of heat and energy move every day by the force of the wind acting on the ocean.
Why does water not heat fast?
Compared to air or land, water is a slow conductor of heat. That means it needs to gain more energy than a comparable amount of air or land to increase its temperature. They also store and retain that heat longer due to their greater density.
Why does land heat up faster than water?
Solar radiation warms both land surfaces and water on our planet. Land surfaces absorb much more solar radiation than water. This is due to the fact that most land surfaces are darker than water which of course means more absorption of solar radiation and heat.
Which is more efficient to retain heat water or land?
Of course not. Water retain internal heat by kinetic motion that helps maintain thermal equilibrium for longer times than solids. Land leaks heat quicker than water because molecular motion in land is highly limited by lacking freedom to move. Thus, solids conduct heat faster while water impedes conduction by circular motion of convection.
Which is cooler, the land or the sea?
Land both heats and cools faster than water. During the day, this typically causes a “sea breeze”; the warmer air over land rises, sucking in air from over the water. At night, the land cools more rapidly than the sea; the rising air over the water causes a “land breeze”,…
Why are most land surfaces darker than water?
This is due to the fact that most land surfaces are darker than water which of course means more absorption of solar radiation and heat. Water reflects most solar radiation that reaches its surface back to the atmosphere. Since land absorbs more solar radiation the land surface retains more heat as do the vegetation for energy.


Working around high levels of pesticides may translate into a high risk for heart trouble later, a new study suggests.
That was the case for a group of Japanese-American men in Hawaii who were followed for more than three decades. Compared to men who had not worked around pesticides, those who had the greatest exposure had a 45% higher risk for heart disease or stroke, researchers found.
“This study emphasizes the importance of using personal protective equipment during exposure to pesticides on the job and the importance of documenting occupational exposure to pesticides in medical records, as well as controlling standard heart disease risk factors,” said study co-author Dr. Beatriz Rodriguez.
She’s a professor of geriatric medicine at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.
The findings stem from data on more than 6,000 men on Oahu who took part in the Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program. Because only men of Japanese descent were involved, the findings may not apply to women or other populations, the researchers noted.
Since pesticides have a long half-life, their effects on health may show up years after exposure. In this case, the greatest effects were seen within 10 years of exposure.
“After following the men for 34 years, the link between being exposed to pesticides at work and heart disease and stroke was no longer significant,” Rodriguez said in a news release. “This was probably because other factors tied to aging became more important, masking the possible relation of pesticides and cardiovascular disease later in life.”
Researchers found no significant link between exposure to low to moderate amounts of pesticides and the risk of heart disease or stroke.
The report was published online Sept. 25 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
For more on heart disease and stroke, visit the American Heart Association.
Copyright © 2023 HealthDay. All rights reserved.


Table of Contents 1. An Overview of Nutrition. Highlight 1: Nutrition Information and Misinformation. 2. Planning a Healthy Diet. Highlight 2: Vegetarian Diets. 3. Digestion, Absorption and Transport. Highlight 3: Common Digestive Problems. 4. The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers. Highlight 4: Carbs, kCalories and Controversies. 5. The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids and Sterols. Highlight 5: High-Fat Foods — Friend or Foe? 6. Protein: Amino Acids. Highlight 6: Nutritional Genomics. 7. Energy Metabolism. Highlight 7: Alcohol in the Body. 8. Energy Balance and Body Composition. Highlight 8: Eating Disorders. 9. Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity and Underweight. Highlight 9: The Latest and Greatest Weight-Loss Diet — Again. 10. The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C. Highlight 10: Vitamin and Mineral Supplements. 11. The Fat-Soluble Vitamins, A, D, E and K. Highlight 11: Antioxidant Nutrients in Disease Prevention. 12. Water and the Major Minerals. Highlight 12: Osteoporosis and Calcium. 13. The Trace Minerals. Highlight 13: Phytochemicals and Functional Foods. 14. Fitness: Physical Activity, Nutrients and Body Adaptations. Highlight 14: Supplements as Ergogenic Aids. 15. Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation. Highlight 15: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. 16. Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence. Highlight 16: Childhood Obesity and the Early Development of Chronic Diseases. 17. Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years. Highlight 17: Nutrient-Drug Interactions. 18. Diet and Health. Highlight 18: Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 19. Consumer Concerns About Foods and Water. Highlight 19: Food Biotechnology. 20. Hunger and the Global Environment. Highlight 20: Environmentally Friendly Food Choices....Show More
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Summary and Final Tasks
In this module, you have learned about how policies in the four stages of the emergency management cycle can reduce coastal zone residents’ vulnerability to tsunamis and hurricane storm surge hazards. Tsunamis and hurricanes are short-term coastal hazards: that is, people learn of the occurrence of these two hazards only days, hours, or even minutes before impact, and they exist only for a short period. But coastal residents also face chronic, long-term hazards. Among these, sea level rise is one of the long-term coastal hazards that some governments and people are inadequately prepared to face. In the next module, you will learn about how policies can mitigate vulnerability to sea level rise.
Reminder - Complete all of the Module 12 tasks!
You have reached the end of Module 12! Double-check the to-do list in the Module 12 Roadmap to make sure you have completed all of the activities listed there before you begin Module 13.
References and Further Reading
- Center for American Progress, 2018, Echoes of Katrina: Post-Hurricane Maria Public Health Threats and Trauma
- Willison CE, Singer PM, Creary MS, et al. Quantifying inequities in US federal response to hurricane disaster in Texas and Florida compared with Puerto Rico. BMJ Global Health 2019;4:e001191. doi:10.1136/ bmjgh-2018-001191.
- The Heritage Foundation, 2013, After Hurricane Sandy: Time to Learn and Implement the Lessons in Preparedness, Response, and Resilience
- Campanella, Richard, 2006, Geographies of New Orleans
- The City of Houston, TX, 2019, Hurricane Harvey: A Progress Report


Drawing for Landscape Architects 1 (3rd edition)
€ 68.00incl. MwSt., excl. shipping costs
Construction and Design Manual
Volume 1: Basic Drawing, Graphics, and Projections
Landscape architects rely on images to explore ideas and to communicate them to others. Their designs range from large-scale master plans and strategic visions, through to specific vegetation and precise construction details. Concepts and creative solutions are developed, refined, and explained on paper.
This handbook focuses on areas which, even in the age of digital media, remain foundations of the profession: drawing, graphics, and projections. Both instructional and inspirational, it covers the basics of landscape architectural representation in an easy-to-understand way, encouraging readers to sketch and develop their own graphic language and style.
Also showcased in this book are many examples from landscape architecture offices worldwide, offering practical help and ideas.
Key thematic areas include:
> Introduction to drawing tools, applications,
> Symbols in different scales, styles, and
> Basic principles for presentation, layout,
> Fundamentals of orthographic and
> Drawing in contemporary landscape
225 × 280 mm
approx. 1,000 images
Hardcover with elastic strap
Here you can find the blurb.


Abstraction is the primary way to handle complexity in programming. It allows you to escape the implementation details and focus on the essentials.
A good abstraction example is the array sort function. It doesn't matter how it's implemented; what matters is that it leads to the result we're interested in.
Another example is higher-order functions, such as
reduce, which allow you to process collections without thinking about what goes on under the hood. Collections even don't have to be flat; you can build such functions for any complex structures, such as trees. And due to this abstraction, we can focus on the processing itself rather than the data traversal technicalities.
On the other hand, the data itself often has a complex structure. Representing a user in an unconventional system may require defining dozens or hundreds of different parameters and the associated data. In situations like this, it's a good idea to hide this structure behind a set of functions, which cover the internal complexity and simplify code support. This is called data-driven abstraction.
In this course, we'll learn some basic principles of program design, and how to model and represent objects from the real (and imaginary) world via a program. We'll design a library for working with graphical primitives, such as points, segments, and shapes. This library is lucid enough for everyone to understand (even visually), and it's pretty handy to express with code.
Main course subjects:
The Hexlet support team or other students will answer you.
A professional subscription will give you full access to all Hexlet courses, projects and lifetime access to the theory of lessons learned. You can cancel your subscription at any time.
Programming courses for beginners and experienced developers. Start training for free
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Ask questions if you want to discuss a theory or an exercise. Hexlet Support Team and experienced community members can help find answers and solve a problem.


A fernarium has been built inside Eravikulam National Park (ENP), the Nilgiri tahr’s natural habitat in Munnar.
- Ferns belong to the genus Epiphyta. They develop organically in an atmosphere without soil. Through the leaching of nutrients and water from forests, plants receive both.
- Ferns are a group of plants that grow new plants by sending out spores instead of flowers or seeds.
- Uses: Ferns are very important in some cultures, even though they are not as important economically as seed plants. Food is made from some plants.
Eravikulam National Park (ENP)
- The Western Ghats’ summit is where Eravikulam National Park is located, in Kerala’s high mountains of the Idukki district.
- Also, this area is home to “Neelakurinji,” a flower that only blooms once every twelve years. Anamudi, the highest mountain south of the Himalayas, is situated here.
- It is also referred to as Rajamalai National Park. When it was established in 1975 as a sanctuary with the goal of preserving the native population of Nilgiri Tahr (the most endangered mountain goat), it was later elevated as a national park.


Rest in Power: Maya Angelou (1928-2014)
Dr. Maya Angelou, one of the greatest voices of our time, a global treasure, and for many, the most awe-inspiring woman on the planet, made her transition this morning. While countless supporters have taken to social media to honor this PHENOMENAL WOMAN, some remain speechless behind the loss of an American icon that (in our minds) was supposed to be with us forever. At 86 years young, Maya Angelou has lived countless lives as a novelist, actress, professor, singer, dancer and activist. In 2010, President Barack Obama awarded her the Medal of Freedom, the country’s highest civilian honor. Her mentee and friend, Oprah Winfrey reminded us on Facebook today that this remarkable lady won three Grammys, spoke six languages and was the second poet in history to recite a poem at a presidential inauguration.
There’s not one Black girl in this country who hasn’t recited her heart-stirring piece, “Phenomenal Woman” or read her most revered book, “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.” She’s always seemed to be wise beyond her years and while I never had the honor of meeting her, Dr. Angelou provided me with some of the most powerful wisdom I’ve ever received through unforgettable quotables like:
“Have enough courage to trust love one more time and always one more time.”
“People will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.”
“Do the best you can until you know better. Then when you know better, do better.”
One thing is for sure, Maya Angelou’s wisdom and legacy will live on and on and on. What a beautiful life she led – with purpose. While we’re mourning this significant loss, let’s not forget to celebrate her courageous and spirit-filled existence. Why? Because through it all, Dr. Maya Angelou LIVED.


Parking, if only there were more of it your life would be easier, right? Not really. Look at the parking lot of a Wal-Mart Supercenter. It spreads everything out so much you “have to” drive from one side of the Wal-Mart to the store on the other side of the shopping center to avoid walking through a desert of concrete and litter. Imagine your whole city designed like that.
Nonetheless, parking is not easy in a city, as it shouldn’t be. A relatively large amount of people live in a relatively small area in a city, that’s what a city is. And if most of them (or even a large number of them) decide they want to drive somewhere in the city, they are going to find it is difficult to find parking. A recent study has quantified that a bit in Brooklyn, New York.
“A study by Transportation Alternatives found that up to 45 percent of traffic in an area of Brooklyn was caused by cars circling the streets looking for parking.”
Previous studies by UCLA professor of urban planning Donald Shoup have gotten into even more detail on this matter. In 2006, Shoup calculated that, “within a year, vehicles searching for parking in a small business district in LA consumed 47,000 gallons of gas and produced 730 tons of carbon dioxide.”
Teams of researchers have tried to find technological answers to this to try to help people find parking more efficiently, but that is never going to solve the problem. Cities aren’t made for cars! John Thackara of Observers Room has my back here:
In January 2011 alone, 4,474,00 cars were produced. We’re adding 50 million cars a year to the 600,000,000 that are already here — and for 95 percent of the time, those 600,000,000 cars sit idle, wasting space.
Systems that help people locate not-yet-wasted parking places are a technological form of spatial cancer.
Thank you. Agreed.
Bottom line, if you want to drive everywhere, you don’t want to live in a city. If you want to live in a city, you don’t want to drive everywhere. These things are systematically opposed to each other.
Photo Credit: andrew mace—


Many parents feel that they have to be critical or their children will never improve. If you don’t judge you children they will never become the good upstanding adults that you want them to be. As their first and most influential teachers, how will children learn if they are not criticized?
For some parents, criticism becomes a way of life. These types are on a constant fault-finding mission, under the banner of just wanting their children to develop into good people.
What their children hear instead is: “you’ll never be good enough”, “try though you might, you will never measure up”, “you’re a disappointment“. These children struggle to please their parents and their self-esteem plummets under the pressure. Some children give up entirely and stop trying to reach a bar that seems impossibly high. They either do so defiantly (“I’ll show him!”) and resentfully or passively and submissively (“I’m just a loser“).
“Sit up straight. You’re always slouching.”
“Can’t you dress properly? What you’re wearing looks terrible.”
“You’re gaining some weight. You need to exercise more.”
“What did you do this time?”
There is actually no place for criticism with children, even so-called ‘constructive criticism’. When parenting, language should be worded so that the child hears the proper message and doesn’t take it as a personal assault on them, which criticism always is.
“It’s better for your back and shoulders to sit up straight. There is less strain on your muscles when you do so.”
“This is a bit of a special occasion. Let’s make it fun by changing into some different clothes.”
“With the good weather coming it might be fun to get outdoors more. How about joining me for a walk?”
“Want to talk about what happened?”


|The Question: I have been doing some research on muskrats, and was just wondering if it is true that the musk emitted from male muskrats (which is for Mating) is used as a base in perfume? If this is true, was this in the past or still now? Has this had any effect on the muskrat population?
Submitted by: Katie, Toronto
The Short Answer: Both male and female muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) produce a smelly substance from their preputial glands, paired glands located in the genital area. It is possible to harvest this substance for use in perfumes, but as far as I can tell, it has never been a commercially important source of musk. Most musk for perfumes comes from musk deer, and in recent decades, from artificial chemicals that mimic animal musk. As for muskrat populations, muskrats are prolific, adaptable, and fairly common throughout their range in North America. Their fur, however, is one of the most prized animal furs, in part because it is waterproof. Trapping for fur takes a toll on populations of muskrat, but does not seem to be threatening the species.
More Information: Musk is a general name given to earthy smelling natural liquids. The musk from a musk deer, for example, is not chemically the same as musk from a muskrat. Musk is used in perfumes as a “base note” meaning that it has a heavier odor. It also evaporates less quickly than many floral fragrances, and therefore makes the entire perfume last longer. In animals, musk is one of many types of scent used to mark territories, attract mates, stimulate mates to reproductive readiness, etc.
The muskrat is a “microtine” (small-ear) rodent, belonging to the subfamily Arvicolinae, which also includes voles and lemmings. Though there are other rodents that include “muskrat” in their name, for example, the Florida roundtail muskrat, Neofiber alleni, the North American muskrat is the only member of its genus, Ondatra. The muskrat has been introduced to Europe, South America, and Asia, and has become very well established in many countries, where it is trapped for its fur.


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New Zealand’s voluntary ship routeing code
Due to the relatively low volume of traffic operating in and around the coast, New Zealand does not have a formal mandatory system of ships’ routeing. Instead, New Zealand operates a Voluntary Code for Ships Carrying Oil or other Harmful Liquid Substances in Bulk (the Voluntary Code).
This Voluntary Code was introduced to prevent or reduce the risk of pollution or other damage to the marine environment caused by ships carrying oil or other harmful liquid substances in bulk around New Zealand’s coastline.The voluntary routes apply to all oil and chemical tankers undertaking passages through New Zealand’s coastal waters.
The Voluntary Code was first introduced in 1993, and subsequently revised in 1996 and 2001. As well as reducing the potential for pollution of the marine environment, the Voluntary Code provides a greater lead-time for response in the event of an accident occurring.
The Voluntary Code for ship owners and masters recommends measures to reduce the likelihood of stranding of tankers, thereby minimising the threat of pollution. It recommends that tankers should keep at least five nautical miles from the land, any charted danger, or any outlying islands, until reaching the position where alteration is required to make port or depart the coast of New Zealand. More specific routeing instructions are provided for the approaches to each of the 14 main commercial ports.
The Voluntary Code is generally in accordance with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) guidelines, with specific mandatory measures also adopted by the IMO for New Zealand waters.
See the New Zealand Nautical Almanac for more information. It is available online and from chart retailers. New Zealand Nautical Almanac[Land Information New Zealand]
Precautionary areas and areas to avoid
There is one precautionary area established in New Zealand - the extended Taranaki offshore, situated off the south west coast of the North Island There are two areas to be avoided:
- the Three Kings Islands, situated off the northern tip of the North Island
- the extended area around the Poor Knights Islands, situated off the north-east coast of the North Island
Precautionary areas and areas to avoid[PDF: 120Kb, 2 pages]
These two areas to be avoided are also outlined in Marine Protection Rule Part 190 - Mandatory Ships’ Routeing.


To calculate a value in Imperial Quarts to the corresponding value in Cubic Feet, multiply the quantity in Imperial Quarts by 0.040135913139312 (conversion factor).
Cubic Feet = Imperial Quarts x 0.040135913139312
The conversion factor from Imperial Quarts to Cubic Feet is 0.040135913139312. To find out how many Imperial Quarts in Cubic Feet, multiply by the conversion factor or use the Imperial Quarts to Cubic Feet converter above.
The quart (abbreviation qt.) is an English unit of volume equal to a quarter gallon. It is divided into two pints or four cups. The imperial quart, used for both liquid or dry capacity, is equal to one quarter of an imperial gallon, or exactly 1.1365225 liters.
The cubic foot is a unit of volume, which is commonly used in the United States and the United Kingdom. It is defined as the volume of a cube with sides of one foot (0.3048 m) in length. Cubic feet = length x width x height. There is no universally agreed symbol but lots of abbreviations are used, such as ft³, foot³, feet/-3, etc. CCF is for 100 cubic feet.


Existence of Climate Change Questioned by President Trump
In a tweet on January 28, 2019, President Trump suggested that recent cold weather in the U.S. disproves the existence of climate change. He wrote:
“In the beautiful Midwest, windchill temperatures are reaching minus 60 degrees, the coldest ever recorded. In coming days, expected to get even colder. People can’t last outside even for minutes. What the hell is going on with Global Waming? [sic] Please come back fast, we need you!”
The President made similar claims after cold weather events in November 2018 and early January 2019. On each occasion, scientists criticized the President’s statements, arguing that they confuse short-term weather patterns with longer-term changes in climate.
On January 29, 2019, in an apparent response to President Trump’s statement, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) tweeted: “Winter storms don’t prove that global warming isn’t happening.” The tweet linked to an article, posted on NOAA’s Climate.gov website, titled “are record snowstorms proof that global warming isn’t happening?” The article answers that question with a clear “no” and states:
“Snowstorms require two things: moisture and freezing air temperatures. There are plenty of places where winter temperatures would have to rise by 10, 20, even 30 degrees Fahrenheit before it would stop snowing. Until then, snowstorms remain quite possible, and natural climate patterns and random variability will still lead to winters that are unusually cold and snowy in different locations.
. . .
Not only are severe snowstorms possible in a warming climate, they may even be more likely. According to the Third National Climate Assessment, there is some evidence that cold season storms in the Northern Hemisphere have become both more frequent and more intense since 1950. Extremely heavy snowstorms also increased in number during the last century in northern and eastern parts of the United States, although they have been less frequent since 2000.”


Wimbledon bans Russian and Belarusian tennis players – level 3
The Grand Slam’s organizers said that it wouldn’t allow tennis players from Russia and Belarus to compete at this year’s Wimbledon due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
The organizers stated that in the circumstances of unjustified and unprecedented military aggression, it would be unacceptable for the Russian regime to derive any benefits from the Championships.
As a result, Daniel Medvedev won’t be able to compete on the famous grass courts. He is the men’s world number two, Russian, and the reigning champion of the US Open. Along with Medvedev, the men’s world number eight, Andrey Rublev, will miss out, as well as women’s world number four Aryna Sabalenka and two times Grand Slam champion Victoria Azarenka of Belarus.
Wimbledon banned athletes after World War II for players from Germany and Japan.
Difficult words: unprecedented (never done or known before), regime (a system of government), derive (to get something).
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Athletics Australia – Kids' Athletics
|Overview||This program aims to build the foundational skills, techniques and knowledge around how to move the body.|
|Deliverers||Athletics Australia delivers with support from teachers|
|Training and Resources||Coaches completed online and face-to-face training provided by Athletics Australia. Additional training was provided around the Physical Literacy Framework.|
|Duration||1 x 60 minute session/week x 8 weeks|
|Age||5 – 12 years|
|Description||Primary school students in the school setting|
Physical literacy outcomes
Athletics Australia – Kids' Athletics helped children develop across all four domains of physical literacy – physical, psychological, social and cognitive.
Having fun was key.
Students enjoyed activities when they were with their friends as they provided a socially supportive environment.
Coach’s language was important to create a safe, trusting space where children could engage, learn and improve. For example, when a student said, “I am not good at throwing” the coach responded, “You either haven’t learnt how to do it yet, or you are still working on it, it’s just practice”.
Students were encouraged to better their own performance through learning and practice.
Collaboration between coaches and teachers ensured a good understanding of the children and the school environment.
Teachers benefited from observing a qualified coach create an engaging and safe learning environment. They also increased their capacity to deliver physical literacy outcomes.
Relationships, collaboration and ethics were developed in the program by:


Germany and Liberia: Bilateral relations
Bilateral relations between Germany and Liberia go back a long way. The Hanseatic cities of Lübeck, Bremen and Hamburg recognised Liberia’s independence back in 1855 (the first partners after the UK) and opened a joint consulate in Monrovia.
After closing in 1990 due to the civil war, the German Embassy recommenced its work in Monrovia in 2005. Bilateral relations intensified during the term of office of President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate. The German private sector had a strong presence in the country until the outbreak of the civil war in late 1989. In contrast, there are only a few German companies operating in Liberia today.
Liberia is a partner country of German development cooperation, which is mainly concentrated in the sphere of infrastructure support. Acting on behalf of the German Government, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) is supporting the Liberian Government in the reconstruction of the country’s transport sector, the governance of raw materials, renewable energies, as well as the healthcare sector.
With the help of the Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW), the Mount Coffee hydroelectric power plant was rehabilitated. Furthermore, the Liberian section of the West African Power Pool (WAPP) is being expanded.
Numerous German NGOs are working in Liberia, mainly in the medical and humanitarian spheres. In some cases they have financial backing from the German Government.
Germany also played a major role in providing debt relief to Liberia through the Paris Club.
To fight the Ebola epidemic, Germany provided extensive humanitarian, medical, logistical and technical support to Liberia.


Low-carbon quenched and tempered steels
Low-carbon quenched and tempered steels combine high yield strength (from 350 to 1035 MPa) and high tensile strength with good notch toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, or weldability. The various steels have different combinations of these characteristics based on their intended applications. However, a few steels, such as HY-80 and HY-100, are covered by military specifications. The steels listed are used primarily as plate. Some of these steels, as well as other, similar steels, are produced as forgings or castings.
Medium-carbon ultrahigh-strength steels
Medium-carbon ultrahigh-strength steels are structural steels with yield strengths that can exceed 1380 MPa. Many of these steels are covered by SAE/AISI designations or are proprietary compositions. Product forms include billet, bar, rod, forgings, sheet, tubing, and welding wire.
Bearing steels used for ball and roller bearing applications are comprised of low carbon (0.10 to 0.20% C) case-hardened steels and high carbon (-1.0% C) through-hardened steels. Many of these steels are covered by SAE/AISI designations.
Chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant steels
Chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant steels contain 0.5 to 9% Cr and 0.5 to 1.0% Mo. The carbon content is usually below 0.2%. The chromium provides improved oxidation and corrosion resistance, and the molybdenum increases strength at elevated temperatures. They are generally supplied in the normalized and tempered, quenched and tempered or annealed condition. Chromium-molybdenum steels are widely used in the oil and gas industries and in fossil fuel and nuclear power plants.


This is a recently reported progressive neurological disease primarily affecting balance and walking.
Symptoms begin in late childhood or early teenage years with unsteadiness and mild difficulties walking. These symptoms are slowly progressive and, while many adults function well into their 40s, some become wheelchair-bound in the next decade or two. Fine hand movements are impaired and there may be a mild tremor. Reflexes are abnormally brisk and the sense of touch may be diminished. Vision is usually not impaired but eye movements are often jerky (nystagmus). There is no significant cognitive impairment.
This is an autosomal recessive condition whose expression requires the presence of two changed copies of a gene (mutations). Affected children inherit one mutated copy from each parent who is clinically normal. Each child in such a family has a risk of 25% of inheriting this spinocerebellar atrophy.
This condition can be diagnosed by a neurologist when evaluated for balance and mobility problems. Eye movement problems (nystagmus) may lead to referrals to an ophthalmologist. Because SCAR7 is only one of multiple disorders with similar signs and symptoms, a full clinical and imaging evaluation is usually done.
SCAR7’s impact on longevity is unknown and no effective treatment is available for the neurological condition. However, physical therapy and mobility devices could be helpful for tasks of daily living. Speech therapy might be helpful for the dysarthria.


What is the asymmetry of DNA replication?
Posted July 22, 2020
The leading strand and lagging strand that are unwound by the DNA helicase at the replication fork run in opposite directions, but the new DNA sequences are synthesized in only one direction, i.e., 5’ to 3’ direction, because the enzymes involved in DNA replication can only work in the 5’ to 3’ direction. Therefore, these two template strands are replicated in different ways, resulting in the asymmetry of DNA replication.
During DNA replication, the leading strand can be continuously replicated by the polymerase since its template strand is in the 3’ to 5’ direction. However, the replication of the lagging stand is not so straightforward. It cannot be created in a continuous manner due to the 5’ to 3’ directionality of its template strand. Polymerases need to work backwards from the replication fork, creating periodic breaks in the process of replicating the lagging strand. DNA fragments, rather than continuous DNA sequence as in the leading strand, are generated in the lagging strand. These fragments, known as Okazaki fragments, are then connected into a single, continuous strand by the DNA ligase. In this way, the entire replication process is completed and it is considered asymmetric because of the difference in replicating these two strands.
Helixyte™ Green *10,000X Aqueous PCR Solution*
6-ROX glycine *25 uM fluorescence reference solution for PCR reactions*
Perdew, G. H., Heuvel, J. P. V., & Peters, J. M. (2008). Regulation of gene expression. Springer Science & Business Media.
Lodish, H., Berk, A., Kaiser, C. A., Krieger, M., Scott, M. P., Bretscher, A., ... & Matsudaira, P. (2008). Molecular cell biology. Macmillan.


The Government has introduced a new, legally binding, low sulphur standard for coal used in the residential market. All bituminous coal placed on the market for residential use must now have a sulphur content of no more than 0.7%.
Approximately half a million tonnes of bituminous coal was imported last year for use by Irish households resulting in the release of over 4 thousand tonnes of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere. “Limiting the sulphur content of bituminous coal will help to protect human health and the environment by reducing air pollution, particularly in the winter months,” explains Minister for the Environment, Community and Local Government, Phil Hogan TD.
Since 2002, the sulphur content of this coal has been limited under the terms of a Voluntary Agreement between the Minister and the industry representative Solid Fuel Trade Group (the SFTG). The new regulations will put the main provisions of this Agreement on a statutory footing.
The new requirements are being introduced as part of a package of planned measures to strengthen the protection of ambient air quality in Ireland. Minister Hogan has also signalled his intention to amend the Air Pollution Act 1987 to give Local Authorities powers to issue fixed payment notices for certain offences under the Fuel Regulations (Air Pollution Act 1987 Marketing Sale and Distribution of Fuels Regulations 1998 (S.I. 118 of 1998)). Further options for improving the effectiveness of the existing smoky coal ban will be the subject of a public and stakeholder consultation later this year.
From 1st August 2011 the four towns of Athlone, Carlow, Clonmel and Ennis are to be added to the list of towns and cities covered by the ‘Smoky Coal Ban’, under which it is illegal to market, sell, or distribute bituminous or ‘smoky’ coal. This ban was first introduced in Dublin in 1990 and has gradually been extended to encompass other cities and towns across the country. It is credited with delivering significant reductions in winter mortality resulting from high levels of air pollution in urban areas.


Engaging in physical activity for up to 150 minutes a week could prevent 185,000 new cases of anxiety and 1.1 million episodes of depression.
These are the latest findings from Griffith University researchers, who found a causal link between physical activity and depression and anxiety, providing empirical support for the consideration of physical activity in strategies for prevention of mental ill health.
The systematic literature review concluded a lack of physical activity likely causes depression and anxiety, and that adherence to physical activity guidelines could improve the mental health of individuals and reduce the burden to the national healthcare system.
Professor Lennert Veerman said the burden of depression and anxiety is large and growing and has a significant impact on the global population, causing economic strain on individuals and health systems.
“Our findings are novel, because mental health is currently not considered in studies estimating the burden of physical inactivity, suggesting the true burden of physical inactivity is much greater than previously estimated,” Professor Veerman said.
“Previous studies have shown physical activity can relieve symptoms of anxiety and depression. Our study shows that it can also prevent new cases.”
“We found that if all Australians met the physical activity guidelines, in 25 years, we could prevent about 185,000 new cases of anxiety and 1.1 million episodes of depression, reducing the burden of anxiety and depression by up to 6.4 per cent and 4.4 per cent, respectively.
Co-author Griffith Research Fellow Dr Mary Wanjau specialises in epidemiological modeling with a focus on health and economic impact assessment of preventive health strategies.
“Over the lifetime of the Australian population, health care cost savings could reach $10 billion, easing the burden on the health system,” Dr Wanjau said.
“These findings emphasise the need for policies that facilitate and advocate for more physical activity, such as the creation of green and blue spaces, walkable neighbourhoods, safe roads for pedestrians and cyclists.”
While current recommendations are to engage in regular physical activity for up to 150 minutes per week, any level of physical activity (including low levels) can help prevent future depression and anxiety.
The two articles: Physical Activity and Depression and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Reviews and Assessment of Causality and Physical Activity and Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Australia: A Lifetable Analysis are published in Science Direct AJPM Focus Journal.