A comparative study of the speech-like vocalizations of a deaf infant and a group of 11 hearing infants was conducted in order to examine the role of auditory experience in the development of the phonological and metaphonological capacity. Results indicated that from 8 to 13 months of age, the deaf subject differed strikingly from hearing infants of comparable age. She produced no repetitive canonical babbling, whereas all the hearing infants produced many canonical syllables. The topography of the deaf infant's vocalizations resembled that of 4-6-month-old (i.e., Expansion stage) hearing infants. Detailed comparisons of the proportion of production of various metaphonologically defined categories by the deaf infant and Expansion stage hearing infants demonstrated many similarities in vocalization, although possible differences were noted. It is concluded that hearing impairment notably affects vocalization development by the end of the first year of life, if not earlier. Spectrographic displays illustrate the categories of infant sounds produced by the deaf and hearing infants.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||17|
|Journal||Journal of Speech and Hearing Research|
|State||Published - Jan 1 1985|


portrait of a young male doctor checking a patient’s blood pressure
A Personal Health Plan Includes Screening Tests
Everyone should develop a lifetime plan to stay healthy. A healthy lifestyle, an understanding of personal health risks and the appropriate use of screening tests are all important parts of a plan.
Routine screening tests can be one of the most important personal health strategies. Screening tests are designed to detect disease or risk factors for disease before symptoms appear. Detecting disease early can lead to more effective treatment. Identifying risk factors for disease may reduce the chance of developing certain diseases or prevent them completely.
Much research on the development and effectiveness of various screening tests has been done in recent years. Although effective screening tests are widely available, many people do not take advantage of them. A screening test is not necessarily complicated or expensive. For example, a simple blood pressure check can detect elevated blood pressure or hypertension, which is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Discovery can lead to early treatment and prevention of these adverse outcomes.
Common screening tests in addition to blood pressure measurement include checking your cholesterol value and blood sugar (diabetes). Cancer screening tests are available for colon cancer (starting at age 50), breast cancer (mammograms, annually starting at 40), cervical cancer (Pap test) and prostate cancer (blood PSA test starting at 50). Personal risk factors can change the age at which testing begins and the frequency with which the tests are performed.
There are also other important strategies to stay healthy and prevent disease. In addition to specific screening tests, reviewing your family history and lifestyle can help identify risk factors that may increase or decrease your chances of developing specific conditions. The best approach is to discuss a lifetime preventive strategy with your personal physician. Completing one of the many available health risk appraisal tools on the Internet can help make you more informed about your personal risks and increase the focus and productivity of your discussions with your physician.


In the animal kingdom, unlikely friendships and partnerships can form, and a recent sighting in Uganda’s Queen Elizabeth National Park is a heartwarming example of just that. A conservationist named Dr. Andy Plumptre captured a peculiar cleaning ritual between a warthog and a whole family of mongooses.
According to Dr. Plumptre, the park’s warthogs have learned to lie down near mongooses, who in turn eat ticks off the warthogs’ bodies, keeping them parasite-free. The interspecies cleaning service has been observed before, as BBC filmmakers recorded the behavior for a 2010 episode of the mongoose documentary Banded Brothers.
The warthog and mongoose partnership is not only fascinating to observe, but it also illustrates a great deal of trust between the two species. As Dr. Plumptre notes, such partnerships are rare and make us wonder what other interactions may be happening between species that we have yet to witness.
The sight of the warthog getting a bath from a whole family of mongooses is heartwarming, and it reminds us that friendship means more than just having someone’s back. Sometimes, it means climbing up on their shoulders and helping them out. This unusual animal partnership serves as a beautiful example of the kind of cooperation and trust that can exist between different species in the natural world.
As we continue to explore and learn about the animal kingdom, it is important to remember that we are not the only ones living on this planet. We share it with a vast array of fascinating and complex creatures, and it is up to us to protect and preserve their habitats and the ecosystems that sustain them.
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In English. No prerequisites.
Cross-listed with Comparative Literature 01:195:484:01 and History 01:510:484:01
The death of the Soviet utopian project has been one of the most consequential events in the history of the twentieth century. But when did it start to die? In 1956, within three years of his demise, Khrushchev denounced Stalin as a mass murderer and the would-be demonic undertaker of the Soviet political dream. How was post-Stalinist society supposed to make sense of its bloody past? This question defined late Soviet culture and was partly responsible for the Soviet collapse. Today, the legacy of Stalinism continues to haunt post-Soviet Russia. Our seminar will engage with the problem of post-Stalinism in Russia by approaching it in two modules. In the first half of the course, we will examine several powerful fictional texts and films that have defined the post-Stalin era, from 1950s onwards. In the second half of the course, we will examine a number of non-fictional and theoretical texts on Stalinism and its aftermath. These dual lines of inquiry will allow us to flesh out the recent past of Russian culture and politics, and to trace the limits of the post-Stalin era’s influence in Russia today.
All readings and discussions in English. No prerequisites.


The charity Youth Music has published an extensive report on the issues facing disabled music students in the UK.
The report, Reshape Music, was published on 14 October and is the first ever national survey into disabled people’s experiences of accessing music education and working in music. Developed with the Take It Away group of music charities, the research team included eight disabled musicians and was curated from the responses of hundreds of music makers, teachers and retailers.
The principal findings showed that disabled people are deterred from entering the world of music by lack of suitable teachers, adapted instruments and routes to funding.
According to the report, 52% of disabled people surveyed were unable to find a teacher who understood their learning needs and the support they required. This was exacerbated by only 27% of music education hubs providing adapted equipment as part of their instrument loan service. Most music equipment retailers were unaware that such instruments were even available.
Youth Music believes the timing of the publication could not be more appropriate. As the entire music world is having to rethink its ways of working, it believes the time is ripe to address long-standing issues that obstruct inclusivity. By prioritising this into the re-structuring of music education, thousands of people will no longer be prevented from expressing themselves through music.
Discriminatory and particularly alarming
The report sets out the urgent need for music education and the music world in general to improve access and choice to disabled musicians, to open their access to a musical career and to upgrade the skills of music teachers.
Matt Griffiths, CEO of Youth Music, says the idea that Britain’s 13.3 million disabled are being excluded from music is unacceptable. ‘While there has been some progress, particularly over the last five years, Reshape Music illustrates in very stark terms that the views, lived experience and expertise of Disabled people are still absent in the planning and delivery of music education and music-making.
‘As a result,’ he says, ‘policies, programmes and infrastructure are often developed in a way that excludes their involvement and participation. This is discriminatory and particularly alarming.’
Read the full report here.


Write an essay on a muckraker/ choices are below
Muckrakers Under the Microscope
Muckrakers were investigative journalists who exposed corruption in business or government, or examined serious societal issues. Several of the most well-known muckrakers worked for McClure’s Magazine, where they wrote exposés on large companies, meat slaughtering houses, and city governments. These prominent and influential reporters included Ida M. Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, Upton Sinclair, and Ray Stannard Baker.
Now suppose that you, too, are an investigative journalist. Instead of choosing a business or government, you have been asked to write a piece on one of the muckrakers. Which muckraker will you investigate? And how much information will you be able to provide?
1. Write a well-constructed article on one muckraker using the outline you created during your website research. Keep the following points in mind as you write your essay:
· Include important biographical information about the individual’s life.
· Give specific examples of articles and books that were written. What businesses or government offices were targeted in theexposés?
What reforms or changes took place as a result of the individual’s writings?


Wyoming History Of Wild Turkey Hunting
Wild turkey hunting didn't start in the state until 1955.
But the process began in 1935, when the Wyoming Game and Fish Department traded sage grouse with New Mexico for 15 Merriam's Turkeys. There were nine hens and six toms.
The turkeys were released in Platte County, and they thrived in the Laramie Mountains. Game and Fish estimates there were over one thousand after more than 10 years after the initial introduction.
Sara DiRienzo, Wyoming Game and Fish public information officer, said since the mid 1950s, turkey hunting has become a popular pastime for fall and spring, especially in the Black Hills.
"That habitat and combining with some of the population from the Black Hills in South Dakota, it's just one of the best places to head for turkey hunting," said DiRienzo.
She said hunters do like harvesting for Thanksgiving, even though the birds are leaner than the typical grocery store turkey.
"Wild turkeys are a lot different than domestic birds in flavor and also the memories that it brings to the Thanksgiving table," said DiRienzo. "So if people are lucky enough to enjoy a wild turkey on Thanksgiving, it just adds a little something special to the holiday."
Last year, close to 2,000 wild turkeys were on thanksgiving tables in the state.


Point guards play a crucial role in basketball They serve as the leader of the team when playing in court. Most of the time, they are the ones who makes strategies for the team in court. They act as the leader basically. Hence, an effective point guard must be able to think under under pressure, creative, and has great leadership. You might be wondering why the skill creativity is required to a point guard. This is because a creative point guard will be the one to think of new, effective, and efficient strategies,and patterns while the team is in a critical situation. One will appreciate the role of the point guard when something unplanned and unexpected happens.
Basketball specialist advise players, regardless of position, to learn the roles of point guard for them to be able to play through the point guard’s point of view. So that when things go out of control, players will help the point to think of innovative ways to keep up for the game against the opponent. Also, players are advise to wear basketball compression pants in order for them move and play properly without feeling uncomfortable.
To elaborate further how a point guard need creativity, we listed below the ares:
1. Passing-if you are fond of watching the basketball, you will notice that a point guard make a lot of pass because they should let the opponent get confused on where the ball is going. This is also for the opponent to lose out of control.
2. Flexibility– Point guards should make less mistakes as they can because they have creative problem solving skills that let them learn from their mistake. In most times, point guards role is most on solving problems and thinking of a creative way to turn defense in to offense.
3. Grace under pressure– this is a very important skill a point guard must be able to perform. Since he/she serves as the leader of the team in court, he must stay calm whatever the situation is, otherwise the creativity will be compromised.
This are just some of the crucial roles of point and how creativity is needed to keep a great game in court. But the truth is that whatever a player’s position is, creativity is needed to think of new and creative ways to lead the team in scoring.


Plasticity reveals hidden resistance to extinction under climate change in the global hotspot of salamander diversity
Extinction rates are predicted to rise exponentially under climate warming, but many of these predictions ignore physiological and behavioral plasticity that might buffer species from extinction. We evaluated the potential for physiological acclimatization and behavioral avoidance of poor climatic conditions to lower extinction risk under climate change in the global hotspot of salamander diversity, a region currently predicted to lose most of the salamander habitat due to warming. Our approach integrated experimental physiology and behavior into a mechanistic species distribution model to predict extinction risk based on an individual’s capacity to maintain energy balance with and without plasticity. We assessed the sensitivity of extinction risk to body size, behavioral strategies, limitations on energy intake, and physiological acclimatization of water loss and metabolic rate. The field and laboratory experiments indicated that salamanders readily acclimatize water loss rates and metabolic rates in ways that could maintain positive energy balance. Projections with plasticity reduced extinction risk by 72% under climate warming, especially in the core of their range. Further analyses revealed that juveniles might experience the greatest physiological stress under climate warming, but we identified specific physiological adaptations or plastic responses that could minimize the lethal physiological stress imposed on juveniles. We conclude that incorporating plasticity fundamentally alters ecological predictions under climate change by reducing extinction risk in the hotspot of salamander diversity.
Please use the publisher's recommended citation. http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/7/eaar5471


Over 40,000 years ago modern Homo sapiens spread across the European continent. Archaeological finds attributed to these early human beings were produced on the Swabian Jura in Southwest Germany, especially in the caves of the Ach and Lone valleys. Some of the world’s oldest evidence for figurative art has been discovered here. Famous among these finds include the Venus of Hohle Fels, the oldest depiction of a human being, and the Lion Man from Stadel Cave, a hybrid being both human and lion in form. Flutes made of mammoth ivory and bird bones have been uncovered here as well, representing again the oldest examples of musical instruments thus far uncovered by archaeologists.
What do these finds tell us about the people who made them and how they lived? Nicholas J. Conard and Claus-Joachim Kind, field archaeologists and researchers from the University of Tübingen and the Heritage Office of Baden-Württemberg, transport the reader into the world of the Ice Age, describing and interpreting these amazing finds from Germany.
This book is a translation of the original volume entitled “Als der Mensch die Kunst erfand”, first published by Theiss Verlag-WBG, Stuttgart, in 2017.


Grades K–5 Video Orientations
If you'll be teaching the new Units of Study for Teaching Reading, K–5, you'll want to start your year by gathering with colleagues at your grade level and participating together in a study group led by Lucy Calkins and her co-authors from the Teachers College Reading and Writing Project.
In these 45- to 90-minute grade-level study groups, you can expect to learn:
The options Lucy suggests for the sequence of units across your year
Whether at your grade level, it's advisable to start with Unit 1 if your kids are new to reading workshop
The books you'll need for Unit 1 (and 2) and ways to give kids access to them
The skills that are highlighted in Unit 1, the storyline of the Unit, the special tips Lucy has for making the Unit work
Plus, a crash course in how to teach the minilessons so they're mini—and other start-of-the year teaching methods.
Lucy Calkins and her coauthors have also developed an overview of grades 3–5 assessment, focusing especially on the performance assessments and learning progressions.
This fast-paced, nuts-and-bolts help directly from Lucy and her colleagues from the Teachers College Reading and Writing Project will give you the best possible start using the new series.
Middle School Grades Video Orientation
The middle school grades’ units are not grade-specific in order to provide the greatest flexibility for the varying time frames that middle grades teachers have to work within. For this reason, there is one video orientation for these middle school reading units.
Topics addressed in this 45-minute video include:


Where is water stored in the water cycle?
Large amounts of water are stored in the ground. The water is still moving, possibly very slowly, and it is still part of the water cycle. Most of the water in the ground comes from precipitation that infiltrates downward from the land surface.
Is all water part of the water cycle?
Precipitation, evaporation, freezing and melting and condensation are all part of the hydrological cycle – a never-ending global process of water circulation from clouds to land, to the ocean, and back to the clouds.
How long does water stay in each reservoir?
How long does water stay in any one part of the cycle? These are questions that many scientists investigate, and the answers might just surprise you!…Storage in the water cycle.
|Reservoir||Estimated residence time|
|Soil moisture||14–28 days|
In fact, water is stored in various parts of the cycle, often referred to as reservoirs. These might be as large as water in the oceans, or, on a smaller scale, water can be ‘trapped’ in an iceberg or a lake.
How much of the earth’s water supply is stored in lakes?
You might be surprised at how little of Earth’s water supply is stored as freshwater on the land surface, as shown in the diagram and table below. Freshwater represents only about three percent of all water on Earth and freshwater lakes and swamps account for a mere 0.29 percent of the Earth’s freshwater.
How does the hydrologic cycle describe the flow of water?
The hydrologic cycle, also known as the water cycle is a way of describing the material flow of water throughout the Earth. This series of steps describes how water moves across the Earth and changes form. These specific steps result in the circulation of water between oceans, the atmosphere, and the land.
How does NASA explain the earth’s water cycle?
This animation uses Earth science data from a variety of sensors on NASA Earth observing satellites as well as cartoons to describe Earth’s water cycle and the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.


New research from Yale University found that simultaneous inhibition of both telomerase and p21 inhibited tumor growth in mice.
Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center researchers have uncovered a genetic vulnerability of cancer cells that express telomerase — an enzyme that drives their unchecked growth — and showed that telomerase-expressing cells depend upon a gene named p21 for their survival.
Authors found that simultaneous inhibition of both telomerase and p21 inhibited tumor growth in mice. The telomerase enzyme is overexpressed in over 90% of human cancers, but not in normal cells, and expression of telomerase is necessary to initiate and promote cancer growth. In this study, the Yale team, led by first author Romi Gupta and corresponding author Narendra Wajapeyee of the Department of Pathology, showed how new pharmacological drug combinations can be applied to simultaneously target both telomerase and p21 to induce cell death in telomerase-expressing cancer cells.
Finally, the authors also showed that their approach is also applicable for p53 mutant cancers if telomerase and p21 inhibition is combined with pharmacological restoration of p53 tumor suppressor activity. The study, which could open doors to novel therapies for telomerase inhibition, appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Publication: Romi Gupta, et al., “Synergistic tumor suppression by combined inhibition of telomerase and CDKN1A,” PNAS, 2014; doi: 10.1073/pnas.1411370111
Image: Narenda Wajepeyee, Yale School of Medicine
Telomerase is the tool for longevity and its gradual tapering down over millions of copies,in cell replication ,the cells should suffer a death. This is nothing but a programmed cell death which is very very essential in the embryonic stage and also in scars healing apart from the basic function of telomeres to stunt the growth in evolution slowly moulding the morphology according to the environment and available food. This basic plan would go haywire if induced by some chemicals carcinogenic or radiation,and thereby the telomerase gets produced rapidly increasing unwanted growth in tumours. So it is a right plan to inhibit the production of telomerase apart from killing the cancerous cells by chemo therapy. Thank You.


Montessori education has long been a revered method to teach young children, with schools on six continents, but little research has been done in the United States assessing its educational outcomes.
Now researchers at the New York-based National Center for Montessori in the Public Sectoraim to answer basic questions about the approach in this country by building a database about Montessori education. With a $300,000 grant from the Boston-based Trust for Learning, the project aims to identify effective learning approaches based on brain science, and expand their use.
Currently, the United States is home to more than 5,000 Montessori programs—most of which are located in preschools, said NCMPS Executive Director Keith Whitescarver. Some 500 Montessori programs, however, are housed in public K-12 schools.
“Little is known about Montessori,” Whitescarver said in an interview. “It’s been flying under the radar for many, many years.”
Interest is peaking, however, as more and more executives at technology firms place their own children in Montessori education, he said. Furthermore, he added that such programs are being picked up in urban settings with hopeful outcomes.
Researchers will try to determine who is providing Montessori education and how children enrolled in those programs stack up against peers in other types of settings both academically, socially and creatively.
A version of this news article first appeared in the Early Years blog.


How to Install Carbon Language in Ubuntu and First Steps
Carbon is the new programming language from Google, Open Source that intends to be the successor to C++.
Carbon, or Carbon-Lang, is an experimental, general-purpose programming language.
The project is open-source and was started by Google, following in the footsteps of previous Google-made programming languages (Go and Dart). Google engineer Chandler Carruth first introduced Carbon at the CppNorth conference in Toronto in July 2022. He stated that Carbon was created to be a C++ successor.
The language is expected for a 1.0 release to occur in 2024 or 2025. The language intends to fix several perceived shortcomings of C++ but otherwise provides a similar feature set.
The main goals of the language are readability and “bi-directional interoperability”, as opposed to using a new language like Rust (which, while being based on C++, is not two-way compatible with C++ programs). Changes to the language will be decided by the Carbon leads.
Carbon’s documents, design, implementation, and related tools are hosted on GitHub under the Apache-2.0 license with LLVM Exception.
In this article we will see how to install Carbon in Ubuntu and the first steps.
01. Update the system:
02. Install the necessary dependencies:
03. Install Homebrew:
04. Load the Homebrew environment:
05. Install packages with Homebrew:
06. Update PIP and add
llvm to the
07. Clone and run Carbon:
08. ‘Hello, World!’ in carbon
To compile, run:
bazel run //explorer -- ./explorer/testdata/print/sandbox.carbon
09. Declaring variables:
10. Basics for
11. Creating functions without parameters:
12. Declaring functions with parameters
For more information see the examples in the explorer/testdata directory and the documentation.
If you want, try using Carbon online at: https://carbon.godbolt.org/.


BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY (WBRE/WYOU) – This land in Guatemela is known as el-Peru Waka – once home to the Maya civilization thirteen hundred years ago. The work that Dr. Damien Marken is doing there could help improve the way experts look at water management. The Bloomsburg University anthropology professor has been working with a team of archaeologists to explore el-Peru and how the Maya managed their own water resources in this jungle community.
“It’s also on top of a cliff. There are no potable, no water sources up there,” said Marken.
So how did the Maya survive? After mapping the area, Marken found depressions in the land that he believed could have been reservoirs. But he needed to test that theory.
Insert Dr. Matthew Ricker, a soil expert and environmental professor at Bloomsburg University. The research the pair has done suggests that the Maya not only collected rainwater through ponds, they developed a whole filtration system.
Marken and Ricker say their research indicates the Maya built barriers out of limestone to seal off ground water and used fish and plants to filter rainwater. Marken and Ricker’s work has garnered them attention by the National Geographic Society which granted them more than $25,000 to conduct more research into the pond system.
Scientists say research like this help communities find new ways of collecting and managing water.
“Potable water is an issue for people all across the globe,” said Marken.
But the Maya people were years ahead of their time.
“Understanding that the Maya understood what we understand today is actually a pretty big deal,” said Ricker.


Home / Activities /
Back to ISRO Timeline
IRS-1A, the first of the series of indigenous state-of-art remote sensing satellites, was
successfully launched into a polar sun-synchronous orbit on March 17, 1988 from the
Soviet Cosmodrome at Baikonur. IRS-1A carries two cameras, LISS-I and LISS-II with
resolutions of 73 metres and 36.25 metres respectively with a swath width of about 140
km during each pass over the country.
Mission completed during July 1996 after serving for 8 years and 4 months.
प्रमोचन भार / Launch Mass:
शक्ति / Power:
उपग्रह का प्रकार / Type of Satellite:
निर्माता / Manufacturer:
स्वामी / Owner:
अनुप्रयोग / Application:
कक्षा का प्रकार / Orbit Type:
SSPO (Sun Synchronous Polar Orbit)


Category Archives: Language and Literacy
Video 37: Magnetic Surfaces – Part 2.
Video 36: Magnetic Surfaces – Part 1.
Video 35: Paper Engineers – Part 2!
Video 30: Paper and Watercolors! – Part 1.
Video 28: Make-Believe Colors!
Have you ever witnessed two children argue over “make-believe spilled coffee?” I will never forget the first time I saw this happen in the dramatic play area in the classroom. Here’s a way to take advantage of the fact that … Continue reading
Video 26: Tall Painting, Tall Town – Part 2.
We never realized how deep this project would get but the children reached a variety of levels in understanding how communities develop and grow. ∞ For more, click on “Read the rest of this entry” below ∞
Video 24: Water Engineers – Water Study!
Everything seems to be turning into engineering in our house these days: Lego engineering, paper engineering (pop-up books, scenes and sets for their stop motion mini-movies), and water engineering. This water contraption has been a favorite for a long while … Continue reading
Video 21: Brick by Brick – Part 3.
Blocks from the recycle bin – we love this idea! ∞ Read the rest of this post for more ideas ∞
Video 20: Brick by Brick – Part 2.
Back to building and this time with add-ons to make things more exciting as well. [Look inside this post for the benefits of this type of play].


Tomb Of Nawab Shuja Khan
The tomb Of Nawab Shuja Khan, The Founder Of Shujabad City Located At Shujabad(Multan), Punjab, Pakistan. Shujabad Is a Very Historical City. The Name Of The City Is On Its Ruler’s Name Named Nawab Shuja Khan Alizai. Nawab Shuja Khan, the second son of Nawab Zahid Khan, twice remained the governor (subedar) of Multan under Ahmad Shah Durrani’s rule. Nawab Shuja Khan founded the Shujabad city in 1750 and built the fortification wall between 1767 And 1772. He died in 1775 AD and was buried outside the city in a locality known as Basti Khairpur. The old City of Shujabad was protected and made secured against the invaders with the huge and high wall all around the city by the Nawab Shuja Khan. Though the condition of the wall is deteriorating yet it is still in its original position. It is very much a planned city at that time. The arrangement of old city is symmetrical. There are four bazaars within the walled city i.e. Multani Bazaar, Rasheed Shah Bazaar, Rail Bazaar and Chotaka Bazaar on the names of its four respective doors Railway Gate, Multani Gate, Rasheed Shah Gate and Chutaka Gate, Chutaka means crossing of four roads, four roads going on different directions from this Gate. Chandni Chowk is the center of all bazaars. In ancient times all the gates were locked at night.


SELF-HERDING TRIALS IN THE NT
"Self-herding and self-shepherding is a discipline that creates opportunities for you to positively influence the decision animals make on where they go, and how they interact with each other, with you and with the landscape. The application of Self Herding principles guides the choice animals make about their grazing habitats and diet selection. By allowing animals to make choices whilst also influencing their ‘decision making’ by shaping their experiences means you can establish long-lasting behaviours that suit your business and your landscapes.
The principles of Self Herding draw on animal behaviour, nutrition, physiology and ecology. We’ve based Self Herding practices on decades of research around the world, including Australia, and have developed a set of practices that are, in themselves, simple and cheap to apply. Self Herding can be tightly focussed around a particular issue such as encouraging animals to use a new area, or broadened to encompass the way livestock, wildlife, plants and people interact over time and space. It’s no exaggeration to think that you can shape the future because when behaviours change, everything changes". Bruce Maynard & Dean Revell
As part of the jointly agreed obligations that make up the TCA between TNRM and the land manager, management actions may include fencing, weed removal, establishing alternative watering points for cattle, removal of feral animals or changes in burning practices.
Lakefield Station pastoralists Garry and Michelle Riggs set up their first Territory Conservation Agreement in 2011, and now have two TCAs in place over more than 1,000 hectares of their 58,500ha property. The program has allowed them to successfully balance production and conservation on their Sturt Plateau station. They have installed fencing around critical wetland habitats, while locating solar pumps and water points to protect environmentally sensitive areas.


HLA polymorphism in Israel. 9. An overall comparative analysis.
Bonné-Tamir B., Bodmer JG., Bodmer WF., Pickbourne P., Brautbar C., Gazit E., Nevo S., Zamir R.
HLA gene frequencies in 11 Israeli populations and nine other relevant populations were used to calculate genetic distances in a quantitative assessment of their similarities and differences. The shortest distance found is between Polish and Rumanian Jews, while the largest is between Russian Jews and Black Africans. Estimates of "average" distances within major population groups suggest that the Ashkenazi Jews (Poles, Russians, Rumanians and Germans) are a more homogeneous population than East European non-Jews or than Middle-Eastern populations (Arabs, Armenians, Lebanese and Turks). A cline of distances between Ashkenazi Jews and other Jewish communities parallels their geographic distribution; however, the relatively large distance between the two North African communities (Libyans and Moroccans) demonstrates that geographic proximity is not necessarily correlated with genetic similarity. The Jewish populations, especially the Ashkenazi, show a clear divergence from their neighboring non-Jewish populations, among whom they have lived for many centuries. There are indications in the HLA data of a common origin for the diverse Jewish populations.


THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY estimates that over 53,000 people will get oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer in 2020. The death rate of these types of cancer has been decreasing over the last three decades, and we want to help continue that trend by educating our patients on the symptoms and risk factors.
Several risk factors increase a person’s chances of developing oral cancer, and some of them can’t be helped. For instance, men are twice as vulnerable to oral cancer as women, and people over 45 are also at much greater risk.
Of all the risk factors, the greatest by far is tobacco use. As much as 85% of oral cancer cases are linked to tobacco use. Another risk factor that can be avoided is frequent, heavy alcohol consumption. Apart from these, too much sun exposure can lead to lip cancer. Neglecting oral hygiene can increase your chances of developing it (particularly when combined with tobacco use). A growing number of cases are linked with HPV infection.
Not everyone with the risk factors will get oral cancer, and some people with none of the risk factors could still develop it. This is why it’s so important to recognize the symptoms when they appear. These include:
The earlier oral cancer is caught and treated, the better the survival rate is. Those who have one or more risk factors should consider getting regular health screenings, which can detect oral cancer before any of the above symptoms appear.
One place where oral cancer is often caught early is at regular dental exams! That’s right; dentists don’t just check teeth for cavities and gums for gum disease. Add that to the list of reasons not to skip a regular dental appointment! If you’re up to date on your dental exams but are looking for ways you can get involved in raising awareness of oral cancer, just let us know!
The content on this blog is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of qualified health providers with questions you may have regarding medical conditions.


TDMA is the acronym for Time Division Multiple Access. One of two major protocols (the other is CDMA) for digital cellular telephony that enables multiple callers to share the same channel by giving each phone a specified time slot in which it may transmit or receive.
TDMA operates at 800 MHz or 1900 MHz; and when operating at the higher frequency, it enables Personal Communication Services (PCS) such as paging, text-based Internet access by means of the Wireless Applications Protocol (WAP), and voice mail. TDMA also enables data communications at a transfer rate of 14.4 Kbps. U.S. Service providers include AT&T Wireless and Nextel.
Technipages Explains TDMA
TDMA is an advanced innovation that requires a precise synchronization between the transmitter and the beneficiary. TDMA is utilized in advanced portable radio frameworks. The individual versatile stations consistently dole out a recurrence for the select utilization of an interim period.
In the greater part of the cases, the whole framework data transfer capacity for an interim period of time isn’t allocated to a station. Be that as it may, the recurrence of the framework is separated into sub-groups, and TDMA is utilized for the different access in each sub-band. Sub-groups are known as bearer frequencies. The versatile framework that uses this method is alluded as the multi-bearer frameworks.
TDMA was first utilized in satellite correspondence frameworks by Western Union in its Westar 3 interchange satellite in 1979. It is presently utilized widely in satellite interchanges, battle net radio frameworks, and latent optical system (PON) systems for upstream traffic from premises to the administrator and for use of Dynamic TDMA parcel mode correspondence.
Common Uses of TDMA
- TDMA rates are very flexible, which implies that several slots can be allocated to a user
- The number of slots for TDMA can be changed frame by frame
- No guard band is required for the TDMA wideband system
Common Misuses of TDMA
- TDMA is an automotive technology developed by the Nazi


The average German citizen consumes around 236 eggs each per year, which over 48 million laying hens work flat out to produce. However, they are rarely thanked for it. At the end of 2018, 5.9 million birds were locked in cages, almost 63 per cent of hens were kept in barns and just 20 per cent in free range conditions. Only 12 per cent of laying hens are farmed organically and they produce around 5 per cent of all eggs in Germany. Depending on the breed, one organic chicken can lay up to 300 eggs per year.
The work of organic egg producers generates a wealth of additional benefits for their customers, the environment and, in particular, their hens. These benefits include environmental protection, species-appropriate husbandry practices, organic feed, strengthening of the birds' immune systems, adequate space for each bird and organic rearing of young birds. A caged egg may seem cheaper than an organic egg at first glance but once you factor in the environmental costs, the organic egg is definitely worth the money.
Laying hens and broilers each have their own specific breeding lines: hens that lay a lot of eggs and broilers that produce a lot of meat. The male birds produced as a result of laying hen breeding are not particularly fleshy, which makes them unsuitable for meat production. They are often culled in conventional hatcheries or given away to zoos. The particular requirements of organic and free range husbandry are also disregarded during the breeding process. These "hybrid breeds" are only bred by a handful of establishments worldwide. For genetic reasons, poultry farmers are unable use the hybrid birds for breeding.
This is an untenable situation for organic farming, which is why research institutions and alternative breeding establishments are working together to breed a "dual-purpose chicken".
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Why is darkness or the color black (actually the lack of color) associated with mourning, evil, death, and other negative connotations? Take for instance the phrase "what's done in the dark will come to light." I am quite sure you have heard this a time or two. To take this statement at face value, one would say that if you wanted to do something that is not seen as appropriate or out of character, then you should do it in darkness with the understanding that light will reveal those negative actions or secrets that are being hidden.
Another term that is used quite often is "I am in a dark place in my life right now." Have you ever considered the uniqueness of darkness? In the absence of light, darkness can offer a sense of protection, rest, and self-care. The first thing doctors recommend to their patients that suffer from migraine headaches is to remove themselves from the brightness and go into the darkness for relief. Melatonin which is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repair hormone, that helps improve your sleep and overall health is only produced when it gets dark. Sleep is believed to fight weight gain, diabetes and cancer so why wouldn't you want to be in the dark? Photographers rely on darkrooms to develop light-sensitive photographic materials, including film and photographic paper.
So yet again, why is darkness associated with mourning, evil, death, and other negative connotations? Some of the most beautiful things have happened in the dark. Think about the metamorphosis from a caterpillar into a butterfly, or a baby in the womb of its mother. What about the vegetables that you eat that have been hidden in the darkness underground such as carrots, turnips, garlic and onions.
So yes, I would agree with the statement that all things done in the dark will come to light but with the exception that not all things that are done in the dark are evil or negative. The beautiful wings of a butterfly are on full display after being in the darkness, after being in a dark womb for months, babies enter the light of the world and are adored, and some of the most admired pictures had to be void of light to be developed.
For seeds to germinate, they require water and the darkness of soil and to rejuvenate your body, you need the darkness to produce melatonin. So, if you are in a dark place, don't give up because things do grow and become stronger in the darkness. #SPEAK2MYHEART


Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) presented a developed artificial intelligence tool earlier this month. This deep learning model will be able to determine the stress and strain of a material through image analysis and computer vision. It can be used by engineers, mainly in the context of material testing.
The deep learning tool developed by Zhenze Yang (lead author and PhD student in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering), Chi-Hua Yu (former MIT postdoc) and Markus J. Buehler (Director of the Atomic and Molecular Mechanics Laboratory and Professor of Engineering at McAfee), uses computer vision to enable, among other things, the generation of material stress estimates (fatigue, stress, strain, etc.) in real time.
A generative adversarial network (GAN) was trained using thousands of matched images. Each pair of images consists of the internal microstructure of the material when subjected to mechanical forces and colour-coded stress and strain values. GAN uses game theory to determine the relationship between the appearance of the material and the stresses to which it is subjected.
Markus Buehler commented on the use of this tool for stress-strain problems in materials:
“This is always a difficult problem. It’s very expensive and it can take days, weeks or even months to run certain material simulations. So we thought, let’s teach an AI to solve this problem. […] From an image, the computer can predict all these forces: deformations, stresses, etc.”
Artificial intelligence can also recontextualize problems like the development of cracks in a material. The neural network, once trained, can run on computer processors of all types. This tool could therefore be used in the field with the help of a photo taken at a given moment, for example.
The researchers said this advance could allow for faster design prototyping and material inspections. Materials testing is a fundamental step in understanding structure, strength and better anticipating risk. In these tests, engineers can reveal the internal forces in a material that can cause it to deform or break. Such calculations could help anticipate risks and understand how an X-bridge would stand up in the midst of heavy traffic or high winds.
Translated from Des chercheurs du MIT présentent un outil de deep learning pour analyser la contrainte des matériaux à partir de photos


When infected people cough, sneeze, or speak, diseases such as mumps, chicken pox, or the flu spread through the air.
Workers and others can become infected in a variety of ways, including:
Infections are transmitted through the air when infected people cough, sneeze, or speak. The spread of the virus can be accelerated by using air conditioning.
Infections transferred by direct or indirect contact with bacteria or viruses are known as “contact infections.” Physical touch with an infected person or contact with blood and body fluids are examples of direct contact.
Indirect contact infections occur when a person comes into contact with an infected object or surface.
To begin with, you must always eliminate risk where you are reasonably capable. Where you are not reasonably capable, you must examine what you can do to reduce the risk. Here are some examples:
Make sure employees wash their hands frequently.
Spills should be cleaned and disinfected.
Cough etiquette should be practiced and others should be encouraged to do the same.
Masks and gloves, as well as other personal protective equipment, should be given.
Effectively dispose of tissues and other waste.
Encourage employees who are ill to stay at home.
Workers should be immunized.
You must choose the most effective controls that are commensurate with the risk and applicable to your work context.
Offer sure your employees understand how to make comments, ask questions, and express concerns.
Always get feedback from your employees when it comes to identifying health and safety concerns and determining how to eliminate or reduce them. When people are active in the conversation, they are more likely to accept responsibility and make excellent judgments. Your employees (including contractors and temps) are your company’s eyes and ears. They can assist in identifying problems and recommending sensible, cost-effective remedies.
Always educate your employees on the major hazards and how to be healthy and safe.


Chelidae conservation genomics
Species delimitation and phylogeography of the Australasian Chelidae
The taxonomy of the chelid turtles of northern Australia is requires urgent attention as substantial confusion prevails and this is interfering with both science and conservation management.
We will generate SNP markers for 10 specimens from each of a comprehensive set of populations from across the ranges of each of the relevant species and putative species, to inform decisions on species delimitation. This project will leverage a wealth of existing genetic data
Outcomes will be rigorous evaluation of species boundaries and clarification of the taxonomy including evaluation of the incidence and potential impact of hybridisation and introgression between species brought together through human-mediated dispersal. We will develop tools for the research community to undertake similar work on other taxa, including using the data in support of wildlife forensics (provenance) , inclusion of sequence tag presence absence data, and rapid genotyping of whole mitochondrial genomes at a population level.
The AusARG Conservation and Taxonomy program is supporting the generation of population genetic datasets for the following identified Chelidae:
- Myuchelys latisternum
- Northern Emydura (australis, victoriae, worreli, subglobosa, tanybaraga)
- Northern Snake-necked turtles (Chelodina rugosa, burrungandjii, kuchlingi, parkeri)
- Northern long-necked turtles (Chelodina longicollis, canni, mccordi, pritchardi, novaeguineae)
- Elseya dentata group
In addition a mitochondrial genome database for Chelidae species will be established.
- Paul Doughty, Bernd Gruber, Peter Unmack, Duanne White, Matt Young, Jose (Luis) Mijangos (University of Canberra)
- Colin Limpus, Qld NPWS
- Jason Schaffer, James Cook University
- Brad Shaffer, UCLA


How long have dentists been drilling teeth? Would you believe 9,000 years? In an ancient graveyard in Pakistan, archaeologists unearthed skulls containing teeth that had undergone drilling. The stone-age dentists removed decay using drills constructed of sharpened flint.
Though advanced dentistry would not be possible without drilling, the sound of a dental drill can make many Charlotte patient’s hearts pound. However, there is another way your Cotswold cosmetic dentists can remove decay. This technique is known as air abrasion or drill-less dentistry. An air abrasion instrument removes material by spraying tiny aluminum oxide particles onto the tooth. The particles work like a sandblaster spraying away the affected tooth structure.
The many advantages of air abrasion make it a popular procedure for South Park family dentists. Because air abrasion is usually pain free, the need for anesthesia is reduced. The air abrasion instrument does not create vibrations or pressure. Dilworth cosmetic dentistry patients appreciate the fact that air abrasion instruments don’t produce that whiny drill sound that rings in your ears and makes your palms sweat. Because of this, air abrasion can be a less-frightening option for young Myers Park dentistry patients. Air abrasion is often quicker and more precise than traditional drilling, leaving more of the healthy tooth intact.
At Christopher A. Bowman, DDS, PA, we provide anxiety-free dentistry. If you would like to learn more about air abrasion, dentistry sedation or tooth implant cost, call us at 704-337-8070 . We are located at 1618 E Morehead St Ste 100 in Charlotte. The friendly staff at Christopher A. Bowman, DDS, PA is dedicated to your comfort and satisfaction.


Yoga could provide a small benefit to people looking to lower their high blood pressure, according to new research.
A study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Hypertension shows that practicing yoga could help decrease blood pressure in people with mild to moderate hypertension.
"So far it looks very promising that yoga might be a useful therapy for patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension who want to avoid using medication," study researcher Dr. Debbie Cohen, M.D., of the University of Pennsylvania, told MedPage Today. "This could also be used as an adjunct to other lifestyle modifications."
The study included 120 people with an average age of 50, 58 of whom completed the study. All the study participants were organized into one of three groups: One was assigned to do yoga two or three times a week in a studio for 24 weeks, while another group was assigned to do a walking/nutrition/weight counseling program. The third group was assigned to do both yoga and dietary counseling. Researchers analyzed their blood pressure at the beginning of the study, 12 weeks into the study, and 24 weeks into the study.
They found that the people who did yoga had decreases in their systolic blood pressure at the 12-week mark, and decreases in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the 24-week mark. However, the researchers noted that the other two groups also experienced positive effects on their blood pressure.
Past research has also shown that yoga has an impact on the gene expression of immune cells, which suggests the practice can affect health on a genetic level.


Perspective Drawing Handbook
Joseph D’Amelio (Author)
This handy guide provides numerous insights and shortcuts to drawing and sketching effectively. Describing mandatory skills for beginning and advanced students, the text covers such subjects as diminution, foreshortening, convergence, shade and shadow, and other visual principles of perspective drawing.
Accompanying a concise and thoughtfully written text are more than 150 simply drawn illustrations that depict a sense of space and depth, demonstrate vanishing points and eye level, and explain such concepts as appearance versus reality; perspective distortion; determining heights, depths, and widths; and the use of circles, cylinders, and cones.
Artists, architects, designers, and engineers will find this book invaluable in creating works with convincing perspective.
Basic Perspective Drawing: A Visual Approach Paperback – Illustrated
John Montague (Author)
The best-selling guide…now completely updated to include online tutorials!
Basic Perspective Drawing introduces students, both those in formal design courses and self-learners, to the basic principles and techniques of perspective drawing. Clear and accessible illustrations show how to construct perspective views one step at a time. The new, streamlined Sixth Edition contains must-have content for students and instructors in art and design, architecture, and interior design programs. Updated illustrations reflect the most current drawing styles and examples while supplementary tutorial videos, grouped by architectural disciplines, interior design, and studio art/illustration, provide live-action demonstrations of key topics discussed in the book.


In acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and influenza are obese or overweight are more likely to experience complications and end up in the hospital, according to a new study published in Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.
Scientists have studied 4778 cases of SARS in both outpatient and hospitalization in six hospitals in Mexico. His most important discovery they believe that in adults with obesity and low weight, the risk of complications of influenza and large even in the absence of associated chronic diseases.
The results obtained apply to all types of SARS, but the overall risk of complications was higher in patients with influenza. Low impact the weight had on the symptoms of the flu And caused by a strain of H1N1 pdm 2009. The greatest number of complications were given flu and influenza a/H3N2.
Previously, the risk associated with a low body mass index, previously described only in relation to the risk of death from all causes. Thus, this study shows for the first time underweight as a risk factor in influenza and SARS.
At the same time, scientists have not found a clear link between weight and severity of the disease in children, which is somewhat at odds with previous studies.
The authors believe that physicians should pay attention to the body mass index of the patients, calculating the risk of complications of viral respiratory diseases.


Missing Value Imputation and Dealing With Outliers
These are an important part of data pre-processing and these are rarely taught in DONKEY ACADEMY who charge you a lot to give you a certificate that doesn’t give you a job.
So okay after that violence and double talk (from Dire Straits) here is how you deal with outliers
1) Replace outliers or missing values them with mean or median – based on distribution -which you see if age< 20 or age>80 then age=median(age)
2) Replace them by capping upper and lower limits. eg an age distribution of 1-120 for bank customers can be capped like if age<20 then age=20 if age>80 then age=80
3) Use MICE package for Imputation (in R) or pandas-mice for Python (https://lnkd.in/f6Z3jj5) eg if males have median age of 50 and females have median age 0f 45, replace all male age missing values with 50 and all female missing values with 45
4) Use OutlierTest in car package in R This is barely the tip of iceberg in missing value and outliers https://lnkd.in/fus_MiF
#machinelearning hashtag#algorithms hashtag#pythonprogramminglanguage hashtag#analytics hashtag#datascience hashtag#python hashtag#rstats


As part of Piquant’s Sustainable Operations Policy we included a commitment to biodiversity, in line with SDG 15, to combat climate change. To meet this goal we wanted to purchase land and plant trees. This proved to be very challenging doing it on our own, so instead we worked with tree planting cooperative An Dúlra, who have the skills and knowledge to help us achieve our goal. We invested €10,000 in An Dúlra which they are using to purchase land and to plant native trees.
The best time to plant a tree was 30 years ago, the 2nd best time is now
In February some of the Piquant team had the opportunity to get out to the land purchased by An Dúlra and help get a few native Irish Oak and Alder in the ground. The rest of the trees were planted by professionals who were able to plant a lot quicker than us! But we loved the chance to learn about planting bare root trees and to see the land and how the whole area will be transformed by a native Irish forest. Check out the highlight video from our tree planting day in February.
Tree Planting Is Important
The establishment of new native forests is vital for the Irish environment, helping slow down and combat the effects of climate change. Trees are also important for our waterways, soil and air, as they act as a natural asset for detoxifying and purifying our environment. Lots of animals, insects and plants make native Irish forests their home making them vital for biodiversity and ecosystems.
An Dúlra is an Irish Co-Operative that reconnects people with nature through the creation of native Irish woodlands. The volunteer-led organisation operates through a co-operative approach, with openness to investors and a commitment to sustainable native planting, This in line with Piquant’s values of sustainability, community, equality and our commitment to biodiversity.
If you are interested in finding out more about An Dúlra or becoming a member of the Co-Op you can find out more here.


Many warblers can be seen in North Dakota during spring and fall migrations. Warblers are difficult to photograph, especially when flying.
Yellow warblers nest here during the summer. They winter in Central America and northern South America. Yellow warblers are found widely in North America including the summer Arctic. They feed on insects. Nests include 1 to 7 eggs and they can have two broods in a season.
The chipping sparrow is a species of American sparrow, a passerine bird in the family Passerellidae. It is widespread, fairly tame, and common across most of its North American range. There are two subspecies, the eastern chipping sparrow and the western chipping sparrow. This bird is a partial migrant with northerly populations flying southwards in the fall to overwinter in Mexico and the southern United States, and flying northward again in spring.
Yellow-rumped warblers spend the breeding season in mature coniferous and mixed coniferous-deciduous woodlands (such as in patches of aspen, birch, or willow). In the western U.S. and in the central Appalachian Mountains, they are found mostly in mountainous areas.
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Chile’s lithium industry – level 1
Chile’s president Gabriel Boric wants to take control of the country’s lithium industry. Lithium is a metal used in electric car batteries.
This move will help Chile’s economy. It will protect Chile’s nature, too. SQM and Albemarle are two big companies in the lithium industry. The government will take over their lithium factories and run a new company. This will make it harder for electric car makers to get the materials which they need.
Other countries are also trying to protect their resources. Mexico, Argentina, and Bolivia are working together to use lithium and other minerals well.
Difficult words: economy (business activities of a country), protect (to keep safe), resource (materials or things which people can use).
You can watch the original video in the Level 3 section.
What challenges might Chile face in running its new lithium company?
LEARN 3000 WORDS with NEWS IN LEVELS
News in Levels is designed to teach you 3000 words in English. Please follow the instructions
How to improve your English with News in Levels:
- Do the test at Test Languages.
- Go to your level. Go to Level 1 if you know 1-1000 words. Go to Level 2 if you know 1000-2000 words. Go to Level 3 if you know 2000-3000 words.
- Read two news articles every day.
- Read the news articles from the day before and check if you remember all new words.
- Listen to the news from today and read the text at the same time.
- Listen to the news from today without reading the text.
- Answer the question under today’s news and write the answer in the comments.
- Choose one person from the Skype section.
- Talk with this person. You can answer questions from Speak in Levels.
Stock images by Depositphotos


Noise suppression technologies/case study introduction (Automotive)
CAN FD Noise Suppression-1 (1/2)
1. What is CAN FD?
CAN FD is a type of interior LAN that connects and communicates between the ECU and computer in an automobile. CAN FD can communicate at a faster speed than the conventional CAN standard.
2. Noise problems
CAN acceleration and noise problems
CAN FD accelerates the bit rate beyond the conventional CAN standard.
As a result, the emission noise problem which occurs during CAN communication increases.
Noise problem in CAN-FD
In CAN FD and other interfaces, a transmission system called "differential transmission" is used.
Because the signal is transmitted through the potential difference between the two signal lines in differential transmission, it has the characteristic of being resistant to radiated noise from the outside. Moreover, the radio waves occurring in both lines due to the signal cancel each other out, so it is unlikely to be externally emitted as noise.
For external noise
For noise emissions
However, on a circuit board a common mode current will be generated by various factors. When this current flows into the cable of the differential transmission line, common mode noise is emitted from the cable.
3. Noise problem suppression
Using a common mode choke coil
A common mode choke coil is suited as a measure to address common mode noise.
A common mode choke coil is a coil that magnetically couples both lines and can remove the common mode noise without affecting the differential signal or other differential mode signals.
- The reverse phase (differential mode) signal is canceled by the magnetic field -> passes through
- The in phase (common mode) noise is superimposed by the magnetic field -> reflected
Common mode choke coil quality and mode conversion
In principle, the common mode choke coil has the effect of removing the common mode noise, but when the balance between the coils of both lines is lost, a mode conversion occurs and part of the differential mode signal may be converted to common mode and become noise. Therefore, it is important to use a balanced common mode choke coil with little mode conversion.
Recommended common mode choke coil for CAN FD
Common mode choke coil which clears the performance required by CAN FD
Component size: 3.2×2.5mm
Common mode inductance: 100μH-30%/+50% (at 0.1MHz)
- Continue reading:Effect of noise suppression measures


Take some time out to rest and learn how to breath for better health & well-being
Learn the importance of nasal breathing during sleep/rest, and how you breath effects your sleep quality and your energy level during the day and whilst exercising.
Breathwork refers to any type of breathing exercises or techniques. People often perform them to improve mental, physical, and emotional well-being
When you learn how you breath properly, people find it has a beneficial impact on their health, energy, fitness levels and endurance, and can have a positive impact on symptoms of many chronic health conditions, including autoimmune conditions and mental health.
How will it improve your health and performance?
This includes an improvement in Heart Rate Variability (HRV, ) which is a measure of stress, it can help support your nervous system as you learn to regulate between your parasympathetic and sympathetic state, increase blood circulation and improved oxygen uptake in the body and brain which can help improve concentration and energy levels.
When you learn about how to regulate your breath, many people find this leads to a major improvement in their health and well-being.
Benefits can be seen within a couple of sessions.
How can we help ?
Rest and Reset Workshops
You will learn the benefits of functional breathing and how your breathe affects your ability to exercise, rest and sleep.
You will learn how to breath to help improve your sleep and energy levels, and have a positive impact on your health and performance.
Rest and Replenish session
Do you need support to help slow down first ?
Regular sessions run for you to take time out to rest and replenish your energy. Let your sense and thinking mind calm down and experience deep relaxation and state of consciousness between awake and sleep.
Breathwork is incorporated into the session


Aim- We will review the scientific method by reviewing
the stps and then putting the method to use and discussing
percent of error.
Standard 4- Science Concepts
Review- Scientific method is a way of solving problems
identify the problem
form a hypothesis
test the hypothesis
observe the test
draw a conclusion
observations are made by using
eyes, hands, smell, ears, taste (our senses)
hypothesis- an educated guess based on our observations and
Test our hypothesis- (experiment)- things might change
during the experiment.
constants- these are things that stay same
variables- things that change
independent variable- changed by
the person doing the experiment
Dependent variable- changes because
of the change in the independent
I light a candle---- The change in the wick of the
candle is now black and on fire (I made
that happen) that change is the independent
variable.... As a result of that change,
the candle wax is dripping. It is giving
off heat and light, it is soft. These are all
THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDS ON THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
OR IT CAN NOT HAPPEN!!!!!!!!!
What we are trying to test is the independent variable
After an experiment....
Analyze the experiment to make sure that it was
accurate.... we do this by conducting
Accuracy is very important if we are going to prove
something. We need to use precision (exacts)
We can not round numbers or guess
Scientific ideas are then taken and a theory is formed
A lot of people have to look at your ideas and
try them...... PEER REVIEW (they test
If a theory proves to be always correct.... we call it a law!
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Earth Science Help


To help raise awareness about the fragility of the world's coral reef ecosystems, Google has just expanded its popular Street View application to provide users with an up-close-and-personal glimpse of the Great Barrier Reef.
Google always has a new surprise up its sleeve, and this year’s World Oceans Day was no exception. According to the Brisbane Times, the technology giant has expanded its popular Street View tool to offer a rare glimpse of the magnificent Great Barrier Reef. The 360-degree view captures fish, coral, and a variety of sea creatures in their natural habitat.
Google also sent its camera crews to locations in Bali, the Bahamas, the Maldives, and an Indonesian shipwreck. Photos were collected in partnership with the XL Catlin Seaview Survey, a project of the United States National Marine Sanctuaries and Chagos Conservation Trust.
According to staff from Google’s Ocean Program, they hope that the release of these images will inspire people to learn more about the oceans, which are an essential natural resource. Google’s efforts to document the ocean and changes over time will provide new insights into how we can direct conservation efforts, the team said.
Over the past thirty years, more than 40 percent of reef ecosystems have been damaged or lost due to pollution, commercial fishing activities, and changing climate. According to the Catlin Seaview Survey’s website, the destruction of coral reefs could negatively affect more than 500 million people that rely on food, tourism, and coastal protection from reefs.
Google’s new ocean views will fascinate everyone from marine biologists to the casual sea turtle fan. Without further ado, you can get to exploring by clicking here.
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7th Grade Math
What Do I Need To Know About My Child’s Education?
By the end of seventh grade, students should be able to demonstrate the following math abilities, based on the Common Core State Standards. Many skills are worked on throughout the year and build on each other.
- Add, subtract, multiply and divide positive and negative numbers, including fractions, to solve problems. Show the operation on a number line.
- Use proportions to solve problems, like simple interest, markups and markdowns, tips, etc.
- Makes graphs of proportional relationships.
- Solve multi-step real-life and mathematical problems involving positive and negative numbers, fractions and decimals.
- Solve equations and inequalities that represent real-world problems. (Inequalities are like equations, only they have a greater than (>) or less than sign (<) instead of an equal sign (=). For example, as a salesperson, you are paid $50 per week plus $3 per sale. This week you want your pay to be at least $100. The inequality would be 50 + 3s > 100.)
- Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures.
- Know the formulas for area and circumference of a circle and use them to solve problems.
- Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, volume and surface area of two- and three-dimensional objects composed of triangles, quadrilaterals , polygons, cubes, and right prisms.
Statistics and Probability
- Make generalizations about a set of data given the mean or median and the spread of the data.
- Understand basic probability concepts.


Dew Point Analysis and Monitoring
It’s not always rain leakage, we find in our investigations as facade doctors. We sometimes find no traces of water intrusion, as opposed to water condensing inside, where it can damage moisture-sensitive materials, and contribute to microbial growth i.e. mold and mildew. In such a case, we conduct long-term hygro thermal monitoring of suspect assemblies.
The picture shows the exploratory opening and the dew point meter in the exterior wall affected by high humidity damage to interior millwork. We subsequently buried temperature and humidity sensors and closed the wall for two weeks, only to find out that the heat and moisture don’t mix well with interior wooden paneling. As the result of data analysis, the psychrometric conditions in this wall were found to be near Dew Point most of the time.
How to avoid such undesired situations?
Conduct hygro-thermal design analysis. This is why we conduct condensation risk assessments in early architectural design stages, comparing dew point temperature of air with interior surface temperatures of facade components. We model critical façade assemblies to verify the condensation resistance using the state-of-the-art computerized tools and applications. Calculation of dew point is easily done by hand, but the energy performance of the assembly or detail is often complex enough to require analysis simulation in software for CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The popular software used for this purpose are WUFI and Therm. Thermal modeling software would yield the map of interior surface temperatures and identify any potential tendencies of the make-op to accumulate moisture over time.
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Charles Moore, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is arrested for loitering outside a courtroom where his friend and associate Ralph Abernathy is appearing for a trial, 1958
Charles Moore, On a downtown Montgomery, Alabama street, racial violence erupts, 1958
Charles Moore, Birmingham, Alabama, policemen use police dogs during civil rights demonstrations, May 1963
Charles Moore, Birmingham, Alabama, Fire Department aims high-pressure water hoses at civil rights demonstrators, May 1963
Charles Moore, Hundreds of people from all over the country walk during the famous five-day civil rights march between Selma and Montgomery, Alabama, March 1965
Photojournalist Charles Moore died last Thursday. Moore, an Alabama native and chronicler of the civil rights movement in the United States, made powerful images that brought the horrors of racism and segregation to a wide public. Many of these images were first published in Life and are credited with advancing the civil rights movement.
This part of history should be told to all schoolchildren about the way PEOPLE were treated and still are in some ways and countries.
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Here is a video about Charles Moore and his work. Very interesting :
Chilling images. It seems like that was a period in history when photography was a very powerful weapon in the fight against injustice. As moving as these photographs are now, I can only imagine the shock they caused before the full-on desensitization of mass-media culture.
Thank you for sharing.


Kingdom of the Bosporus
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- Related Places:
- Roman Empire Ukraine Byzantine Empire ancient Greece Kerch
Kingdom of the Bosporus, also called Cimmerian Bosporus, ancient Greek state situated on Kerch Strait in present-day southern Ukraine. It reached its peak of power in the 4th century bc.
The kingdom’s major city, Panticapaeum (modern Kerch), was ruled by the Archaeanactid dynasty (480–438 bc), then by the Spartocid dynasty (438–110 bc), which annexed to Panticapaeum other Greek colonies—e.g., Nymphaeum, which had been founded in the region in the 7th and 6th centuries. After the second half of the 5th century, Athenian influence was strong among the Bosporus cities; Athens controlled local trade until 404 bc and remained the chief customer of the Bosporus’ food and other exports throughout the 4th century. The Spartocids suppressed piracy in the Black Sea, and through their management of the trade in grain, fish, and slaves, the Bosporus state prospered. The kingdom’s dynastic and financial decline began in the middle of the 3rd century, and after 110 bc the kings of Pontus controlled the region. A new dynasty, established in the 1st century ad, ruled for 300 years under the protection of the Roman Empire. After ad 342 the country was alternately under barbarian and Byzantine control.


12 December: On this day in history
What events happened on 12 December in history? We round up the events, births and deaths…
12 December 627
The Byzantine emperor Heraclius defeats the Persians at Nineveh.
12 December 1098
The Syrian town of Ma'arrat is sacked by a crusading army under Raymond of Toulouse and its inhabitants are put to the sword. According to contemporary chroniclers, some are eaten by the starving crusaders.
12 December 1781
In the second battle of Ushant, a British naval squadron led by Sir Richard Kempenfelt in HMS Victory captured 15 French transport ships after they became separated from the fleet escorting them.
12 December 1870
Joseph H Rainey, a South Carolina Republican, became the first African-American to serve in the United States House of Representatives.
12 December 1889
Poet Robert Browning died in Venice, aged 78, on the same day that Asolando, his last volume of poetry, was published. He is buried in Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey.
12 December 1942
The Germans launched their Winter Storm counter-offensive, which aimed, unsuccessfully, to free von Paulus’s 6th Army from encirclement at Stalingrad.
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Supplemental Affidavit Form – Affidavits are sworn (written) declaration of fact that can be used in various legal proceedings or actions. You’ve likely seen television shows on lawyers and court cases, and have seen lawyers taking the witness on the oath. This means that if the witness lies while under an oath, he/she may be prosecuted for reasons related to criminal charges of perjury.
Supplemental Affidavit Form The affidavit is basically the form that you write for swearing under oath. It’s similar to being called to testify in court, however, it doesn’t require you to be there. Your statements are written. The affidavit, which’s identical to the (court) oath you take is only valid in the event that you force it or sign it voluntarily. Is there an age requirement for making and using an affidavit It doesn’t. You need to be able to understand your responsibilities (including the terms of the affidavit) and be in a good state of mind. False information could lead to the dismissal of your case. It is also possible to be accused of perjury.
Affidavits vs Declarations
Most people think declarations have a lot in common with Affidavits. They do have similarities. Both have the same purposes. The declaration process is quicker. The document is not signed before the notary public is present. It’s an assurance that notarization is what makes a document one’s “affidavit” and is not just a mere declaration.
No matter what kind of Affidavit form you select the components must be valid and include in the document. Two people are required to take the form. The first person is the one making the statement. They are referred to as an affiant. The second person would be the person who administers the oath. They must be legally licensed. They could be government officials as well as certain court officers or a notary public.
It’s imperative that those who sign the document really comprehend the content. They should read it carefully, making sure that the information is accurate and true. If the document contains the person’s belief or opinion, the facts (considering the opinion or belief) should be stated clearly. This way, it can be clearly distinguished from belief, opinion, or fact.


There’s an old commercial where a boy (and sometimes a girl) is featured drinking a glass of milk and growing before our very eyes. The tagline for the commercial is “Milk, it does a body good.” Of course, the commercial is meant to tout the benefits milk has on the body’s growth. Well, given what we know about how music causes real changes to the brain, it might just as well feature a child listening to music and making that same proclamation. Music is in its own way nourishing not only for our culture but for our minds as well. In fact, many researchers have concluded that music alters our brains in many positive ways making us smarter, more content and more productive. These changes are especially evident in young minds which are constantly seeking stimulus. For young people the mental benefits of music are that it:
Improves language development: Increase in IQ (Increases IQ)Improves test scoresIncreases brain connectivityIncreases spatial intelligenceIn addition to the above benefits, music has even been shown to improve our motor and reasoning skills in children. According to an article published by the Public Library of Science (PLOS), music benefits the premotor cortex, frontal cortex and auditory cortex of a child’s brain as he or she learns to play a musical instrument.
Moreover, some studies have concluded that musicians have larger corpus callosums (a network of nerve fibers that enables the two hemispheres of the brain to communicate with each other) than non-musicians. Finally, music positively affects the mind and its growth in that listening to it increases the production of the neurotransmitter dopamine sometimes called the “motivation molecule.”
All of this should motivate you to consider enrolling your child in our school. In a time when many schools are cutting music programs, our piano lessons in Miami are designed to fill that void. They are fun for children and also good for their emotional and mental development. Our Miami music school teaches kids piano, guitar, voice, violin, cello, music theory, ear training, and harmony and is a leader in the community. Superior Music Academy’s instructors are well respected and dedicated musicians who have both Master’s and Doctoral Degrees in Music. That is why they appreciate how music can change a child’s life for the better and help him/her to excel in life. Milk may nourish the body but ultimately, music fuels and feeds the mind.


Oil spills can introduce potentially carcinogenic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), into coastal environments. Bioremediation uses the natural microorganisms in the environment to remove these pollutants. Traditional studies of these organisms are limited in the types of bacteria isolated due to the limitations of traditional culturing methods. In this study, diffusion chambers were used to culture and isolate potential PAH degrading bacteria from the coastal sediment obtained from the Chandeleur Islands. The diffusion chambers trapped bacteria in agar that contained 1 ppm benzo[a]pyrene. The bacteria were isolated from the diffusion chambers, and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to identify the bacteria. Seven unique bacteria isolates were obtained and were found to be genetically similar to bacteria from the Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria phyla. It was concluded that the diffusion chamber approach provided an environment that promoted the growth of potential PAH degrading bacteria. Exploration in the use of diffusion chambers should continue in research of PAH biodegradation and the uncultivability of microorganisms.
Bachelor of Science (B.S.)
College of Sciences
Benkel, Kyle, "In Situ Cultivation of Potential PAH Degrading Bacteria From Coastal Sediment" (2020). Honors Undergraduate Theses. 673.


The fellowship of the wing: pigeons flap faster to fly together
New research published in PLOS Biology, led by Dr Lucy Taylor now reveals that homing pigeons fit in one extra wingbeat per second when flying in pairs compared to flying solo.
Birds that fly in ‘V’-formations, such as geese, are able to conserve energy by flying in aerodynamically optimal positions. By contrast, in species that don’t fly in formation, such as homing pigeons, the costs and benefits of flocking have been less well understood.
The research indicates that flying with another bird requires more energy compared to flying solo. ‘The results of this study were completely unexpected. Energy is the currency of life so it’s astonishing that the birds are prepared to pay a substantial energetic cost to fly together,” said lead-author, Dr Lucy Taylor.
The team used high frequency GPS and accelerometer bio-loggers to measure how pigeons changed their wingbeat patterns when flying in pairs compared to flying solo. The accelerometers act much like fitness trackers but, instead of measuring steps, the researchers measure wingbeats. ‘The increase in wingbeat frequency is equivalent to Usain Bolt running the 100m sprint at his usual speed, whilst fitting in nearly one extra step per second. The pigeons are flapping faster when flying in pairs but hardly going any faster,” said Dr Taylor.
The increase in wingbeat frequency is likely to be related to the demands of coordinating flight, said Dr Taylor.
Imagine trying to coordinate with and avoid hitting another small object travelling at around 44 miles per hour. This is nearly two times faster than an Olympic sprinter, and the birds can move up and down as well as left and right. For a pigeon, flapping your wings faster will both give you faster reactions and greater control over your movements, and will help keep your head stable making it easier to track where the other bird is.
Despite the costs of fitting in one additional wingbeat per second, the birds consistently chose to fly together, suggesting that they were able to gain other benefits from flocking. Birds flying in a pair were simultaneously able to improve their homing accuracy, meaning that they could conserve energy by flying shorter routes home. Combined with increased predator protection from safety in numbers, this research suggests that the overall benefits of flocking outweigh the immediate energetic costs of changing wingbeat patterns.


The Raw Reality: How Raw Food Diets Put Your Health at Risk
The raw food diet has become increasingly popular in recent years as people seek ways to improve their health and lose weight. The diet involves consuming only uncooked, unprocessed foods, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. While this may sound like a healthy approach to eating, the raw food diet comes with many risks that can have a negative impact on your health.
One of the biggest problems with a raw food diet is the risk of nutrient deficiencies. Many of the essential vitamins and minerals that our bodies need are found in animal products, which are typically not consumed on a raw food diet. This can lead to deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, calcium, and other key nutrients. Additionally, cooking certain vegetables can actually increase their nutritional value, while others are difficult to digest unless they are cooked.
The raw food diet can also be hard on the digestive system. Raw foods can be difficult for the body to break down, leading to bloating, gas, and other uncomfortable symptoms. This can be especially problematic for people with digestive issues such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or Crohn’s disease, as the high fiber content of raw foods can exacerbate these conditions.
Another issue with the raw food diet is the risk of bacterial contamination. Raw foods are not pasteurized or cooked, meaning that harmful bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella can be present. This can lead to food poisoning, which can be especially dangerous for young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.
Finally, the raw food diet can be very restrictive and difficult to maintain. It can be challenging to get enough protein and calories on a raw food diet, which can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other health problems. Additionally, social situations can be difficult when following a restrictive diet, as it may be hard to find suitable options at restaurants or social gatherings.
In conclusion, while the raw food diet may seem like a healthy option at first glance, it comes with many potential risks that can have a negative impact on your health. Nutrient deficiencies, digestive issues, bacterial contamination, and the difficulties of maintaining such a restrictive diet are all factors to consider before embarking on a raw food diet. It’s important to make informed choices about your diet, and consult with a healthcare professional before making any significant changes to your eating habits.


Kajiado County residents have been urged to take advantage of the on-going heavy rains and harvest water for future use.
County Executive Committee Member (CECM) for Water Dr. Leina Mpoke, said most parts of the county were currently receiving heavy rains and it was prudent to harvest water to use during dry seasons.
Speaking in Kajiado after chairing a workshop on the Financing Locally Led Climate Action (FLLOCA) Program, Mpoke said many residents were still grappling with water shortage even during the rainy season as they have not invested in water harvesting techniques.
He challenged the locals to purchase water storage tanks and install gutters on their roofs to harvest the commodity that he stressed was going to waste.
'The rains are here with us and I want to urge residents to harvest the water to prevent it from going to waste. Rain water harvesting will help address water shortages during the dry season,' said the CECM.
On the FLLOCA program Mpoke said it was timely as it seeks to deliver locally-led climate resilience actions and to strengthen county and national governments' capacity to manage climate risks.
'The community's views on climate change and interventions will be heard as the FLLOCA program is geared towards locally-led climate change interventions,' he added.
Developed with support from the World Bank, Denmark and Sweden, the FLLOCA program establishes the first national-scale model of devolved climate finance and supports Kenya to translate its ambition into scaled-up action on the ground.
The program recognizes that locally-led adaptation can be more effective than top-down interventions, as local communities are well versed with the context and what is needed to drive change.
It is geared towards looking at innovative and decentralized approach to tackling climate change impacts.
Ninety per cent of program funding from FLLOCA will be spent at county and community levels to ensure that support for climate resilience reaches those most at risk, including women, youth, persons with disabilities, elders, and other traditionally marginalized groups.
Source: Kenya News Agency


Case study is a special paper that is utilized in various fields such as medical, social sciences and legal among others. Case studies are usually found in services of clients or patients. Case study writing is used to explain the problem of the client or the illness of the patient. Additionally, it provides information on system or therapy that is essential in assisting the patient. Case study writing contains a general application in providing details on various problems faced by professionals in their workplaces as well as their personal challenges. It uses a step by step procedure to examine the problem at hand. These steps include evaluating the background of the problem, the problem itself; developing a plan for addressing the problem, creating the application procedure for solution and providing details on the outcomes of the study.
The case study writing format of an individual person include a brief introduction of the problem, the symptoms and diagnosis of the problem, the treatment plan that entails the elements, the application procedure and the results, and finally the conclusion of the study. For a research survey, the case study writing format will include a brief introduction of the issue, the background information, methodology of the study which entails the sample, instruments used and analysis conducted. Then findings of the study are presented and finally concluding information of the study. To get the best case studies, essay-paper.com is here to help.


This is a practical guide for successful student-NGO collaborations.
Every student-NGO collaboration is different because:
1) Students come from different educational programmes with different end terms, interests and timing;
2) The purpose of the collaboration may differ. For instance, NGOs may create internship vacancies based on their organisational research needs for which students can apply; the student’s research may be part of a bigger research project; or students may come up with a research topic themselves;
3) The number of stakeholders (Figure 1) may vary. Usually, student-NGO collaborations involve at least three stakeholders: the student, the university/supervisor and the NGO. When the student intends to do fieldwork, the number of
stakeholders may increase as partner NGOs and the communities under study become involved as well.
Due to the involvement of various stakeholders, student-NGO collaborations may pose various challenges, such as:
➢ Differences between the academic and the NGO way of working, for instance with regard to the research purpose, the time frame for conducting research, and the required type of knowledge output;
➢ Differences between the university and NGO supervisors in handling ethical concerns and responsibilities, such as safety concerns for students who do fieldwork abroad;
➢ Differences about ownership of data and intellectual property rights; and
➢ Budget allocations.
When such challenges arise, there is the pitfall of students feeling caught in between the expectations and requirements of the stakeholders involved because they feel that they need to balance those various expectations.
To encourage beneficial collaborations for all stakeholders involved, this practical guide proposes a set of guidelines that can be used by NGOs and universities to streamline their communication by making mutual assumptions, expectations and challenges explicit at the start of a new collaboration. Because there are many types of student-NGO collaborations, this practical guide does not provide a standardized protocol. Rather, the guide addresses potentially relevant topics and includes references for more information. The stakeholders are recommended to discuss these topics together and to incorporate the outcomes into an agreement at the start of their collaboration (see Annex 2. Format for drafting an agreement).
For the complete checklist Share-Net Guide to Successful Student NGO Collaborations in pdf click here.
For a Format 2017 Share-Net Guide to Successful Student NGO Collaborations in Word click here.


MONDAY, 7 JANUARY 2013New research from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) shows how your body's 'food clock' can become disturbed when you eat at odd times. This will be a familiar phenomenon for many, whether it be through late-night snacking, working night-shifts or simply overindulging in the festive season. More seriously, such food-clock desynchronisation could help uncover the basis of metabolic syndromes like diabetes and obesity. The work, led by Louis Ptacek MD at UCSF, found the molecule which is required to help reset the food clock when circumstances change.
The body possesses a 'master clock'- the circadian oscillator, which keeps time with the 24-hour daily cycle and co-ordinates with a tiny region of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus to regulate molecular oscillations in both the brain and body. There are numerous other clocks in the body, including the food clock, which follows its own rhythm. Its function is to help keep metabolism on an even keel, and can be modified by changes in eating patterns.
The food clock can become disturbed, just like the circadian oscillator does when you become jet-lagged, and eventually resets over time. The study uncovered a protein called PKCγ which is required for the reset process in mice. When laboratory mice were fed when they would usually be asleep, the healthy mice adjusted their waking hours over time to take advantage of this ‘midnight feast’. However, mice lacking the gene to make PKCγ did not make this change to their sleeping patterns.
According to Ptacek, the research might help explain why 'night owls' are more likely to be obese than early risers. "Understanding the molecular mechanism of how eating at the ‘wrong’ time of the day desynchronises the clocks in our body can facilitate the development of better treatments for disorders associated with night-eating syndrome, shift work and jet lag".
Written by Rosy Southwell.


April 25th marks ‘’; a recognition of global efforts to control the disease, and a commemoration of those who have been affected by it.
Malaria causes over one million deaths each year, according to , and many more infections. However, it’s not all bad news. Eradication of the disease is possible; in fact, it’s been achieved in 62 nations since 1960. So, what’s getting in the way of a world free from malaria?
What is malaria?
Malaria is a tropical disease that is spread by mosquito bites. Symptoms of infection include fever, sweats, chills, headache, vomiting and diarrhoea, and muscle pain. Severe and fatal malaria can present even more severe symptoms, and in extreme cases can be fatal.
It’s worth noting that not all mosquitoes carry malaria, and that it can also be contracted through blood transfusions and sharing needles, although this isn’t nearly as common.
What’s more, certain parts of the world are at greater risk than others, such as South Africa and Haiti.
How is it spread?
Only female mosquitos can carry malaria, and pass it to humans with the plasmodium parasite. When the host is infected with the parasite, it lays dormant in their liver for around two weeks before presenting symptoms as the parasite multiplies. However, this can sometimes be longer- even up to a year- so the infected person may not even know they have it.
Unsurprisingly, malaria is most prevalent in the developing world. A combination of the ‘ideal’ mosquito climate and low funds for prevention methods like mosquito nets and malaria infection education leaves many susceptible to the disease.
Can we eradicate malaria?
Despite the severity and scale of malaria, a world without the disease is possible, and may not be a difficult to achieve as one might think. In fact, infection rates are already on the decline. Methods for prevention and treatment do exist, and hold the potential to eradicate malaria across the globe.
Amassing the capital and resources in countries most at risk must be top priorities if we hope to achieve this aim.
This infographic, created by details exactly how we could achieve a world without malaria, in honour of World Malaria Day. Work the World organise healthcare electives across the developing world for both students and professionals.


Converting 15 grams to cups and ounces for water, flour, sugar, and butter.
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In cooking, sometimes recipes call for grams of some ingredient. A gram is in the metric system, and measures how heavy something is. Sometimes all you have are measuring cups and measuring spoons that don’t have the gram cooking measurement.
to cups, you can simply use
as a substitute (assuming the ingredient is
). This way, you can use your existing measuring cup for the recipe you plan on making. To convert grams to cups, you can take the number of grams and divide by
Some measuring cups and measuring spoons also show cooking measurements for ounces. To convert
to oz, you can use
as a substitute. To convert grams to oz, you divide the number of grams by 28.35. So
divided by 28.35 is approximately
Keep in mind that converting from grams to cups depends on the type of ingredient. For flour, you divide the number of grams by 125. For sugar, you divide the number of grams by 201. For butter, you divide the number of grams by 227. You can select the ingredient at the top of this page to see how grams converts to cups and ounces for the selected ingredient.