Spiral stairs add an interesting design element to almost any building. From homes to modern offices to centuries-old buildings, spiral stairs are a classic feature that can add elegance and class to any environment.
While you can still find spiral staircases being built into new buildings, their lineage dates back more than 3,000 years. In Biblical history, two spiral staircases are said to have been part of Solomon’s Temple, leading to a sacrificial altar. While one of the first written accounts, the temple stairs are only recorded in stories.
When it comes to actual staircase remains, the earliest example comes from a temple in Sicily that is believed to have been constructed around 480-470 B.C. These stairs, like many other ancient designs, were centered on a central column that was crafted out of stone with stone slabs constructed around to build stairs.
A more common design began to appear around 500 years later. Trajan’s Column in Rome – a monument to victory that was built around 113 A.D. – still stands today and is widely considered the oldest preserved spiral stair structure in the world. It features a base built of marble with stairs wrapped with reliefs depicting the victories of Trajan’s army in war.
Spiral staircases continued to be used in different types of designs building off the early Roman architecture. Castles and churches, in particular, used spiral staircases in a variety of ways as they utilized large amounts of stone in their construction.
Spiral staircases continue to be popular still today. They are used in a variety of places and can be a welcome addition to any building, adding a feeling of uniqueness to any design.
At Acadia Stairs, we can add a spiral staircase to any building. We specialize in all types of stairs and can help recommend the best one for your building, whether it’s a traditional staircase, a butterfly design or any other variation. If you want to accentuate your building with a unique staircase, give us a call today at 845-765-8600.


Hempstead County SHERIFF'S OFFICE
"Evil is powerless if the good are unafraid." - President Ronald Reagan
History of Hempstead County
Hempstead County was created on December 15, 1818 and was formed from Arkansas County (Hempstead is one of the original five counties created by the Missouri legislature). Parts of Hempstead County were used to form the following counties: Columbia (1852), Howard (1873), Lafayette (1827), Little River (1867), Nevada (1871), Old Miller (1820), Pike (1833), Saline (1835), Sevier (1828), and Union (1829). Other county boundary changes occurred when Line with Pike defined 14 December 1838, and with Pike and Sevier 17 April 1873. The county was named in honor of Edward Hempstead (1780–1817), Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from the Missouri Territory.
President Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe IV in Hope. When he was seven, his widowed mother married Roger Clinton, and the family moved to Hot Springs (Garland County). Later he took his stepfather’s name. His renovated first home is now a national park and visited by tourists from all over the world. Two more men from Hope joined Clinton in the White House: Thomas F. “Mack” McLarty, his first chief of staff, and Vincent Foster Jr., deputy White House counsel. Mike Huckabee, Arkansas’s forty-fourth governor, was born and raised in Hope and had a career as a Southern Baptist minister before entering politics. His wife, Janet McCain Huckabee, is also from Hope. One of the Southwestern Proving Ground army ordnance officers, Major Paul W. Klipsch, an Indiana native, chose to stay in Hope after World War II. In 1948, he and one employee began the production of his now internationally famous Klipsch horns, speakers used in theaters and home stereo systems.


The array distribution refers to the conditional distribution of independent random variables X1 (given X2, … , Xn). As such, it is often used as a synonym for a conditional distribution (for example, Kotz et al. , Giri & Banerjee , Wadworth & Bryan ).
The Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences  gives an example of an array distribution of X
The variance of this distribution is called the array variance; if the variance doesn’t depend on X2, … ,Xn , the variation is homoscedastic . Its variance-covariance matrix is called the array-variance-covariance matrix.
Array Distribution in Applied and Theoretical Statistics
As pointed out above, the array distribution is commonly used as a synonym for conditional distribution. They do mean the same thing, but you’re more likely to see the term array distribution in applied statistics and conditional distribution in theoretical statistics . The array distribution is denoted by
You can think of this as the density of y for a fixed value of x.
 Kotz, S. et al. (2000). Continuous Multivariate Distributions, Volume 1 Models and Applications. John Wiley & Sons.
 Giri, P. & Banerjee, J. (2021). Statistical Tools and Techniques. Academic Publishers.
 Wadsworth, G. & Bryan, J. (1960). Introduction to Probability and Random Variables. McGraw-Hill.
 Vidakovic , B. et al. (Eds.) (2005). Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Volume 3. Wiley.
 Johnson, Kotz, and Balakrishnan, (1994), Continuous Univariate Distributions, Volumes I and II, 2nd. Ed., John Wiley and Sons.
 Haight (ed.) (1963). Mathematical Theories of Traffic Flow. Elsevier Science


One of Summit Brick’s early ways of firing brick was through a beehive kiln. These kilns replaced our scove kilns in 1922 and were far more effective. With a scove kiln unfired bricks were stacked inside the kiln and then a layer of plaster was put on the outside. This helped to lock in the heat. On the bottom were holes where wood, gas, or oil were lit to provide the heat. Unfortunately, the bricks closest to the fires would often be burnt and those near the top would still be soft.
An improvement from that would be the beehive kiln! This type of kiln is a circular structure made of brick and has a domed roof. Unfired brick would be placed in the kiln and a fire would be started below the ground. This helped to ensure a more even distribution of heat. A flue that lead to a chimney stack increased ventilation and helped to keep the fire burning properly. The hot air was directed upwards, then downwards, then through the bottom of the kiln and through the chimney.
The fire underneath the bricks had to be tended to 24/7 during the duration of firing, which was typically 4-5 days. However, the process from start to finish lasted closer to 14 days due to loading, heating up, firing at temperature, and cooling down.
Eventually, in 1964, Summit Brick started to replace our beehive kilns with tunnel kilns. These helped to lower handling costs, increased fuel efficiency, and created a more uniform brick. Even though these beehive kilns were no longer in use, Summit Brick still has one at our Pueblo plant. We enjoy having that bit of history still in our yard to show how far we have come!


Cellular arrays for the solution of graph problems
By K. N. Levitt, W. H. Kautz
Communications of the ACM,
Vol. 15 No. 9, Pages 789-801
A cellular array is a two-dimensional, checkerboard type interconnection of identical modules (or cells), where each cell contains a few bits of memory and a small amount of combinational logic, and communicates mainly with its immediate neighbors in the array. The chief computational advantage offered by cellular arrays is the improvement in speed achieved by virtue of the possibilities for parallel processing. In this paper it is shown that cellular arrays are inherently well suited for the solution of many graph problems. For example, the adjacency matrix of a graph is easily mapped onto an array; each matrix element is stored in one cell of the array, and typical row and column operations are readily implemented by simple cell logic. A major challenge in the effective use of cellular arrays for the solution of graph problems is the determination of algorithms that exploit the possibilities for parallelism, especially for problems whose solutions appear to be inherently serial. In particular, several parallelized algorithms are presented for the solution of certain spanning tree, distance, and path problems, with direct applications to wire routing, PERT chart analysis, and the analysis of many types of networks. These algorithms exhibit a computation time that in many cases grows at a rate not exceeding log2n, where n is the number of nodes in the graph. Straightforward cellular implementations of the well-known serial algorithms for these problems require about n steps, and noncellular implementations require from n2 to n3 steps.
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One of the most upsetting things can be the way dementia changes a person’s relationships with the people they love.
Often, people who are living with dementia forget things that happened recently. But they can remember things from long ago.
Remember that these changes are not their fault, and they are not your fault. They happen because the person’s brain is not working like it used to.
Each person with dementia is different. These problems may happen after months or years. When they happen, they can be upsetting and hard to understand.
Find out more below:
- What is dementia?
- Which illnesses cause dementia?
- Who gets dementia?
- Will I get dementia?
- What happens to someone with dementia?
- Why do people with dementia change so much?
- Why do simple things become difficult for people with dementia?
- What does it feel like to have dementia?
- Can a person with dementia get better?
- What can I do?
- What if things go wrong?
- How can I cope with my feelings?
- Tell us what you think
This information was updated in November 2021 and is due for review in November 2023. Please contact us if you would like a version with references.


Grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) and grouper iridovirus (GIV) are major grouper-infecting viruses in southern China that can cause serious economic losses. A duplex reverse transcription-PCR (duplex RT-PCR) method was developed for the simultaneous detection of GNNV and GIV. Eight groups of primers specifically targeting the capsid protein genes of GNNV and GIV were designed and analyzed. The primer set GN4 was selected and used to amplify fragments of 887 bp and 319 bp in length from GNNV and GIV, respectively. Furthermore, the duplex PCR assay was shown to be sensitive because it could detect at least 20 pg of plasmid-viral DNA from a mixture of viruses. Using this assay, 18 GNNV infected groupers and 7 GIV infected groupers were detected amongst 41 suspected samples in Hainan. The duplex RT-PCR assay proved to be a rapid, specific, and sensitive method for detecting the two grouper viruses. This method could be used to facilitate better control of fish viruses through early detection.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||8|
|State||Published - 2019|
- Duplex reverse transcription-PCR
- Nervous necrosis virus
ASJC Scopus subject areas


The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a test tube system for DNA replication which allows a “target” DNA sequence to be selectively amplified several million fold in just a few hours. The PCR achieves amplification of a predetermined fragment of DNA, (the target; which can e.g. be from 100 – 1000 bp long)
A basic PCR set up requires several components and reagents. These components include:
- DNA template that contains the DNA region (target) to amplify
- Taq polymerase, a DNA polymerase that is heat resistant, so that it can remain intact during the DNA denaturation process.
- Two primers that are complementary to the 3' ends of each of the sense and anti-sense strand of the DNA target (DNA polymerase can only bind and elongate from a double-stranded region of DNA, and without primers there is no double-stranded initiation site for polymerase to bind).
- Deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs, sometimes called "deoxynucleotide triphosphates"; nucleotides containing triphosphate groups), the building-blocks from which the DNA polymerase synthesizes a new DNA strand.
- Buffer solution, providing a suitable chemical environment for optimum activity and stability of the DNA polymerase
- Bivalent cations, magnesium or manganese ions; generally Mg2+ is used, but Mn2+ can be used for PCR-mediated DNA mutagenesis, as higher Mn2+ concentration increases the error rate during DNA synthesis
- Monovalent cation potassium ions
|Typically, PCR consists
of a series of 20–40 repeated temperature
changes, called cycles, with each cycle commonly consisting of 2–3
discrete temperature steps. The cycling is often preceded by a single
temperature step at a high temperature (>90 °C), and followed by
hold at the end for final product extension or brief storage. The
temperatures used and the length of time they are applied in each cycle
depend on a variety of parameters. These include the enzyme used for
DNA synthesis, the concentration of divalent ions and dNTPs in the
reaction, and the melting temperature (Tm) of the primers.


The Holy Trinity as a Symbol for the Unity of God
Today, all Orthodox believers celebrate the great Trinity Sunday. It should be noted that the doctrine of the Holy Trinity is given almost the highest attention in Christianity. It is the Trinitarian nature of God that distinguishes this religion from the rest. The Holy Trinity as a symbol for the unity of God has its representation in both Orthodox icons and Christian art overall. But what does this sacred symbol actually mean? And why is it still a mystery even to some Christian believers?
The feast of the Holy Trinity
The feast of the Holy Trinity is one of the most beloved feasts among Orthodox believers. However, the true history of its origin is still obscure. According to Christian teachings, on this day, God created the land and plants. Therefore, it is believed that the greenery in the house on the Trinity is a protection against the evil eye. According to another belief, on this day, Jesus and His disciples sat down under a green tree to have a rest. Perhaps, this is where the Trinity Sunday came from. But the primary meaning of the celebration lies in the church’s ancient belief in the unity of God’s essence.
The Holy Trinity as a symbol for the unity of God
According to the New Testament, God is represented in three hypostases: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. However, they are not three Gods. The Lord is the unity of three essences that are of the same divine nature.
The symbols of the Trinity in iconography and art are the hand (God the Father), the lamb (God the Son), and the dove (the Holy Spirit). Another ancient symbol of the Holy Trinity is the triangle, which shows that all three entities are equal and represent the unity of God. Sometimes, the symbol of three intertwined fishes can be seen in church depictions. It also refers us to the Holy Trinity.
In Orthodox icons and religious paintings, the Holy Trinity as a symbol of the unity of God is not shown that often. However, there are still icons depicting the Father with a halo over His head in the center, the Son often in the form of a lamb or a cross on the right side, and the Holy Spirit as a dove spreading the wings.
The Holy Trinity as a symbol of God’s unity is an important part of Christian teachings. You should definitely learn more about it if you want to understand the Christian faith and traditions better.


Guitar cables require wire shielding to filter out radio frequencies, while speaker cables do not. Using speaker cables with a guitar results in loud humming and possible interception of radio waves, which makes the sound quality unacceptable.
Both guitar and speaker cables use the two-wire cable. Speaker wires carry voltage to the speakers, so a larger wire core size is necessary. Because guitars produce very low voltage, thinner wire core sizes are used.
The two speaker wires are of equal size, as both positive and negative are required to carry the same electrical voltage. Guitar cables use a single ‘hot’ positive wire and a packaged or braided negative ‘earth’ wire, which doubles as a shield. The hot and grounded cables on guitar cables are different sizes.
Speakers and guitar cables are very similar in appearance. Both use external insulation and 1/4 inch telephone plugs, which often makes it impossible to identify from the outside. Although some cables are externally labeled, many are not, or the labels may be difficult to read and decipher.
Because external cable identification marks are sometimes difficult to read or non-existent, the wires can be identified by unscrewing the plug. If both cables are wrapped in insulation, they are speaker cables. If one wire is wrapped in insulation, and the other wire is not, it is a guitar cable.
Using speaker cables with a guitar makes noise, but there is no danger to the guitar, amplifier or cable. Using guitar cables for speaker connections not only results in lower sound levels, but can also short-circuit the cables, causing possible amplifier or speaker damage. There is also a risk of fire, as the guitar cable is not thick enough to handle higher voltages. There is a fundamental difference between guitar cables and speaker cables in their internal design and use. To beginners, the differences may seem trivial at first, but the proper use of each cable is quite important.


What fabric is most used in clothing?
COTTON: The most common material for clothing and while this is a natural fibre and can be grown organically without pesticides the cotton plant need a colossal amount of water to grow.
What are the three types of fabric?
There are three types of woven fabric: plain weave, satin weave and twill weave. Examples of popular woven fabrics are chiffon, crepe, denim, linen, satin and silk. For knit fabric, think of a hand-knit scar; the yarn is formed into an interconnecting loop design, which allows it to stretch significantly.
What are fabrics give examples?
Fabric is cloth or other material produced by weaving together cotton, nylon, wool, silk, or other threads. Fabrics are used for making things such as clothes, curtains, and sheets.
What is the most useful fabric?
Natural materials like flax creates unparalleled beauty, durability and tactile feel, and brings a sense of natural wonder into the urban home. Linen is made from plant fibres extracted from the beautiful flax plant (linum usitatissimum).
How is cloth made?
The fabric usually used in the clothes we wear is produced through two processes: the “spinning process,” where raw cotton is turned into thread, and the “weaving process,” where the thread is woven into fabric.
Is canvas a cloth?
Canvas is a plain-woven fabric typically made out of cotton and, to a lesser extent, linen. Canvas fabric is known for being durable, sturdy, and heavy duty. By blending cotton with synthetic fibers, canvas can become water resistant or even waterproof, making it a great outdoor fabric.
What is the best fabric for clothes?
How to choose the best fabric for clothes?
Follow the fabric “guidelines”. Decorators Fabric vs Fashion Fabric vs Quilting Fabric: each of these fabrics were created for a reason and actually can be used for clothing if you
What is the most durable fabric for clothing?
Organic or Recycled Cotton A more sustainable alternative to conventional cotton is the organic version of the material.
What type of fabric is used for clothes?
A. A manufactured fiber refined from cotton filaments or wood pulp and acetic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.


A lot has been said about the benefits of Big Data. Now the technology has one of the biggest possible backers – the entire United States. The county has big plans for Big Data and needs proper data scientists.
“We are at the first step in making data work for every American. It’s only going to make a difference when people like you step up. And then show that it’s not just feasible, but scalable”, said DJ Patil. He is the US chief data scientist and had a keynote at the Strata+Hadoop World conference, quoted by ComputerWorld.
Big Data will benefit the real world, too
Also, Patil says he wants to “responsibly unleash the power of data to benefit all Americans”. This means he has to find the balance between how much and what info is collected and how it is used. He says he’s focused on several key areas for a start: avoiding epidemics, highway safety, precision medicine. He also wants to improve education.
“We firmly believe that every student has to have the opportunity to understand computers and to learn how to code. It’s one of the basic tenets of living in our new economy”, he added.
Aside from the obvious technology challenges, like infrastructure, there’s one big main obstacle. Sadly, there aren’t enough skilled people to drive the Big Data expansion. Hence why the White House is urging people to explore a career in this field.
Also, Data Scientists have to undertake ethics and security trainings as well, he says. It’s time to take ownership and focus on the individual. “If you do, you’ll always be right, and we can really transform this country in an unbelievably awesome way”, he said.
Image credit: Flickr (CC) / KamiPhuc


You probably don’t expect your blow dryer to use as much electricity as your washing machine or dishwasher, and you’d be correct in that assumption. Different types of appliances have their own kinds of electrical needs, and they may use different kinds of electrical outlets in San Jose as a result. Dedicated circuits are used for your heavy-duty appliances that need more electricity to get the job done. Mixing and matching electrical circuits is dangerous—the wrong setup could harm your appliances and your electrical system as well as present the threat of a fire or shock. Keep reading to learn what you need to know about dedicated circuits.
What They Are
A dedicated circuit is one that provides the appropriate amount of electricity to larger appliances that can’t get enough from a standard electrical outlet. It’s called a dedicated circuit because a single circuit is used with just one appliance, so it’s dedicated to that appliance. It will have a circuit breaker inside your electrical panel, and it will make sure appliances that have high energy demands get the electricity they need. If one of your appliances hasn’t been working properly, have your electrician see if you need a new circuit.
Appliances That Need Them
The more electricity an appliance uses, the more likely it is that you need a dedicated circuit for it. Common examples include refrigerators, air conditioners, electric stoves and ovens, and sump pumps.
Why They Matter
Without dedicated circuits, we wouldn’t be able to regulate the amount of electricity that’s allotted to individual appliances. You can’t expect a phone charger and an air conditioning system both to operate at maximum efficiency using the same amount of energy. We need to be able to control the way we use our electricity in our homes and places of business, so we can extend the lifespans of our appliances, avoid short circuits and power outages, and keep our systems safe and efficient. Dedicated circuits matter so much that they’re now required by the National Electric Code, so have your electrician inspect yours.


Intercultural Diversity Advisory Council (IDAC): draws members from parents to represent our school at district level climate assessment/problem-solving meetings. The primary purpose of the Intercultural Diversity Advisory Council (IDAC), originally formed in 1988 as the Intercultural Advisory Council, is to assist in the formation and review of policies that assure non-discriminatory practices in all operational areas of the Clovis Unified School District. Its further mission is to assist in improving the cultural environment of the District. In 1988, Dr. Burton and associates conducted a study of the status of Clovis Unified School District with respect to racial/cultural discrimination and human relations. The report of findings from that study enumerated six specific recommendations for improving the multicultural climate of the district. The report also called for the establishment of a District Advisory Committee composed of community members and district employees representing the diversity of the district.
Accordingly, the Intercultural and Diversity Advisory Council (IDAC) was formed for the purpose of assisting the district in the implementation of the six recommendations from the "Burton Report" and monitoring the progress of the district toward achieving the desired outcomes of those recommendations. Reporting to the Governing Board annually is among IDAC's charges. A CUSD District Steering Committee which is comprised of a variety of stakeholders form across the district meets monthly to review recommendations, goals and current practices as they relate to cultural competencies. The Steering Committee works with Human Resources to monitor hiring practices, training opportunities, best practices at the school sites and set priorities.
The Dry Creek IDAC meets quarterly. Meeting dates are announced in the Panther Expressand on the Dry Creek IDAC page -


E-safety at Chawson First School
At Chawson, we believe that the effective use of technology and the internet is an integral part of children’s lives. It not only provides the children with so many educational opportunities but also provides them with the access to essential skills for our rapidly developing and technological enhanced lives.
Whether the children are using the computers at school, a laptop at home, a smartphone or games console, children are able to access the internet in an increasing number of ways.
As part of our curriculum and development of skills, we provide supervised access to the Internet and all of the relevant resources which that may include. As we would protect the children in the ‘real world’, we need to make sure they are completely safe whatever they are doing. Pupils are taught how to use the internet safely and responsibly and to use it in line with our school Acceptable Use Policy (AUP).
Online safety skills are lifelong skills and if we can get children to understand the risks and to make sensible and well informed choices when online then they will get the most from the internet, whilst staying safe.
Please look at our E-safety page in the pupils section for more information about our E-safety team and resources for children.
The slideshow below gives an idea of the ways children can be kept safe at home too. Scroll down to access helpful parental guidance, posters on gaming and social media and useful websites to support further.


A disintegrating Harlem row house with an eminent history may soon become a victim of neglect, lack of money and bureaucratic intransigence. The building during the mid-twentieth century housed a charity started and directed by Adam Clayton Powell Sr.
The name Adam Clayton Powell is well-known and revered far beyond the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. Adam Clayton Powell, Sr. is probably most recognized as the father of Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., the first Black congressman from New York City. Powell Sr., however, was an important figure in his community for decades. He was the pastor of Abyssinian Baptist Church and later founded a charitable organization, the Adam Clayton Powell Sr. Fund Inc., providing training and counseling to young people, helping many attend college. The fund was later renamed the Intercultural Educational Fund Inc.
The organization, housed in a 1902 Harlem row house, survived until shortly after its last director died in 1989. The abandoned building, its historical significance forgotten, deteriorated. The roof caved in, a series of squatters inhabited the place, and several fires further damaged the property.
Complaints about the neglected building led to a Buildings Department inspection and subsequent order to demolish the structure. At this point neighbors stepped in and tried to save the historic house. Working with the city landmarks commission and the New York Landmarks Conservancy, interested parties attempted to stave off the demolition order, hoping to buy and restore the place.
Efforts appear to be too little too late. There is no firm plan in place to raise the necessary funds and refurbish the building. Meanwhile bureaucratic conflicts between the city Buildings Department and the state’s attorney general’s office resulted in an order to demolish the building. Apparently time has run out and the building will be torn down, a piece of New York City and Harlem history lost forever.
Read more at the Wall Street Journal.


TSU psychologists will study the level of genetic literacy
An interdisciplinary team of researchers from Tomsk State University and their colleagues from Russia, Great Britain, and Spain have launched a study of genetic literacy and opinions in the context of law and ethics. It will show which legal, ethical, and moral issues will become the main ones in the “genomic era” and how to resolve them, said Daria Matsepuro, a senior researcher at the TSU Laboratory for Cognitive Research and Psychogenetics, manager of the International Center for Research in Human Development.
- Previously, physics was the gold standard for the development of scientific knowledge; in the 20th century it was replaced by biology, then at the beginning of the 21st century, when the human genome was completely sequenced, it became genetics. But the availability of genetic information can lead to legal, ethical, and moral problems that society must solve, - said Daria Matsepuro. - We initiated a study to identify deficiencies in genetic knowledge and to find out how people think about the use of the results of genomic research, their fears and hopes regarding the rapid development and application of the achievements of genetic science.
Read more: http://en.tsu.ru/news/tsu-psychologists-will-study-the-level-of-genetic-literacy-/


Q. We’ve noticed several wide, very green circles in the grass in our front lawn. Mushrooms are growing out of part of the circles. What are the rings and how do we get rid of the mushrooms?
A. The lawn grass circles you see are referred to as “fairy rings.” They are diseased areas characterized by lush, fast-growing grass growing in circles or arcs with mushrooms growing around the outside of the ring, particularly during wet, cool periods. They are called fairy rings because centuries ago, people thought mushrooms grew where fairies had danced the night before.
Fairy rings often appear where trees have been removed and stumps or roots have been left in the ground to decompose. The disease is caused by fungi feeding off of decomposing organic matter below ground; they are not feeding upon the grass. Nitrogen is one of the products of the decomposition process, which is utilized by the growing grass, causing dark green circles. Mushrooms are fruiting bodies of fungi that grow belowground.
The rings generally occur each growing season, especially if weather conditions are wet and cool or if the lawn is over-watered. During drought, fungal production may cease. The fungus producing the ring may live 8 inches or more below ground. In addition, the soil within the ring can become compacted as the fungus continues to grow underground. There is no easy remedy for controlling fairy rings. Fungicides are not effective; nor are home remedies.
The best option is to prevent fairy rings from occurring. Before establishing a new lawn, be sure that obvious roots, stumps, and pieces of construction lumber are entirely removed from the planting area. Exercise healthy lawn practices such as deep watering, core aeration, and dethatching when necessary. Fertilize only as needed and avoid excessive amounts of nitrogen. Rake and remove the mushrooms as needed.


Aeration Reduces Pond Muck
Not only is muck unpleasant to see or feel between your toes, but it can also give your pond a bad odor and provide habitat for leeches. Aeration combats muck and by increasing the dissolved oxygen and circulating the water, encouraging the colonization of beneficial aerobic bacteria that can consume, reduce and prevent muck build-up.
Aeration Improves Water Quality
Muck accumulates not only in the bottom of the pond but can also be suspended throughout the water body giving your pond a murky appearance. By reducing muck and excess nutrients, increasing oxygen, and circulating the water, you will improve your water quality and clarity.
Aeration Boosts Dissolved Oxygen
Without oxygen, your pond will go into an anaerobic state. Anaerobic bacteria are not as efficient at breaking down organic material as their aerobic counterparts and produce gas, giving the pond a rotten egg smell. Incorporating aeration into the pond increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, keeping your pond functioning as an aerobic system.
Aeration Eliminates the Thermocline
Aeration circulates and mixes water to eliminate stratified layers of warmer, surface water and the colder, deeper water, to create an oxygen rich environment throughout your pond.
Aeration Protects Fish
Harmful gas is often trapped under ice when your pond freezes or is brought up from your pond's bottom during spring and fall turnover. If enough oxygen is displaced your fish will suffocate. Aeration assists in the release of gas leaving more oxygen available for your fish.


As shown in wikipedia, the Halogen bond is the non-covalent interaction that occurs between a halogen atom (Lewis acid) and a Lewis base. The Hydrogen bond could be seen as a special case of halogen bond — they all need electron-donor while the hydrogen may also need electron-receptor. In fact, some Organic Halogen Compounds such as PCBs, PBDEs,PFCs,SCCPs… were hard to analysis for they have so many congeners. Most of time, the capillary columns were used to separate those compounds. However, when we use the capillary columns for a long time, the basic principles of the separation were still the interaction between the packing material and our target compounds, also some other parameters such as temperature and flow rate of carrier gas. The separation only need a delta instead of so much theory. But if we figure out some principle, we could design a column to separate interesting things. I think the halogen bond is interesting for those bond has a direction and make use of those direction we could achieve a high resolution. Well, I admit it is just an idea and some real separation processes may have used those interactions. We could also use hundreds of molecular descriptor to predict the retention action, but I am still want to figure out the most important, maybe simple rules behind those phenomenon.


The trend in the interpretation of legal norms and in the actions of government bodies that owe obedience to them leads to show us the degree of legality that public bodies hold in the application of these legal norms.
Hence, there is often speculation about the extent to which there is an effective subordination to the entire set of current regulations and what is the inclination in the application by those bodies of the legal system.
These are trends that concern scholars of Public Law and that observe a set of values that it must observe in its varied activity, in which it must try to maintain the State-Citizen balance, strengthen it and provide guarantees to restore the balance. in case of alteration.
One of the values that is aspired to be achieved in any political system and that determines the measure of its legitimacy is the normal conduct assumed in the channels demarcated by legal norms of different nature and hierarchy. If this is not the case, the political system itself has the means at its disposal to review this irregular action and repair it with the purpose of its adequacy, with the purpose of maintaining the aforementioned rule of law and that must be practiced in an ordinary, normal and by the public body and by the citizen.
Modern doctrine teaches us that both the state and the citizen must feel the order that compels them to be natural and turn it into a system of life without any pressure. By becoming the natural habit, the discourse of public bodies will not require the pressure of the sanction system that they are designed for. In this way, the public-citizen entity relationship will be increasingly harmonious, productive and efficient.
The citizen who deserves that denomination must be a silent factor in the objective of achieving the various state goals and this is understood as a new function in the public arena exhibited every day, without the pressure of authority. Hence the motto Let's be good citizens! If so, a better state will be achieved.


German scientists came to the conclusion that preschoolers are the most dangerous carriers of the coronavirus. It is difficult for children to observe safety precautions, it is impossible to get all the time to wear masks and also gloves especially.
Kids will not explain that it is not necessary to touch the face, and children are able to infection at the same level as adults. To such conclusion experts of the German research centre for infections, examining 78 thousand patients, write “Izvestia”.
Infected with coronavirus scientists have studied the concentration of virus in the respiratory tract. It turned out that the identified number of copies of RNA in children and adults did not differ. But due to non-compliance with security measures and a large number of asymptomatic carriers, that the kids were the most dangerous carriers of infection.
Experts emphasized that if a child is ill, it inevitably will hurt all of his family members. The difference lies in the fact that children carry the disease in a shorter time and therefore can be carriers of infection less long period. But even for the short time preschoolers can quickly infect a large number of peers and adults until no one will know about their disease.
Earlier NEWS.ru reported that Chinese scientists have identified the symptoms of coronavirus in children. According to the results of their study, none of the 10 infected juveniles was not observed “adult” symptoms such as muscle pain, headache.


However, in recent years, there has been a surge of interest in a new type of motor that is revolutionizing the EV market – the electric hub motor. In this article, we'll explore the benefits of using electric hub motors in electric vehicles and why they are becoming increasingly popular among EV manufacturers.
Electric hub motors are a type of electric motor that are directly integrated into the wheel hub of a vehicle. Unlike traditional electric motors, which are located in the engine bay and connected to the wheels via a transmission system, hub motors are situated within the vehicle's wheel assembly. This unique location offers several benefits, which we'll explore in detail below.
The use of electric hub motors offers a range of benefits, including improved efficiency and performance, increased regenerative braking, lighter weight, and reduced maintenance. With the EV market becoming increasingly competitive, manufacturers are turning to innovative solutions like the hub motor to differentiate their products and provide consumers with even better driving experiences. As the technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more exciting advancements in electric motors in the years to come.
CategoriesFederal & State Policy EV Technology & InnovationsBusiness ManagementHome EV ChargingTesla DriversElectric Car IncentivesEnergy5 UpdatesEnergy GenericElectricity RatesNon-Tesla DriversElectric Vehicle ChargersFast ChargingEV ChargerCharging StationElectric Vehicle Charging
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- Placement of cables and conduits
- Surveillance of sedimentation in reservoirs
- River profiles and hydraulic calculations
- Management of subaquatic quarries and dragages
- Inspection of underwater constructions
Processing and Results
- High precision bathymetry
- Advanced filtering
- Volume calculations (water, sediments)
- Sedimentation monitoring
- 2D/3D visualisation
A classic sonar emits an acoustic signal towards the bottom of the water body and analyzes its echo. Knowing the propagation velocity of the acoustic waves in water and the time between emission and detection of the signal, it is possible to calculate the distance between the sonar system and the floor.
The multibeam bathymetric technique uses many receivers simultaneously to cover a large area of the water bottom, allowing a continuous data acquisition.
Bathymetric measurements are frequently used for pipeline placement studies, sedimentation monitoring or hydroelectric plant management.
A multi-beam sounder is perfectly suited to survey and inspect lake, river and sea bottoms. It is capable of reaching an excellent resolution (10 points/m2) an a very good accuracy (3-5cm). It can operate in water depth starting at 1 meter depth.
Erosion and deposition in an alpine lake
Quantification of evacuated sediment volumes following drainage of a hydroelectric barrageread more
Tracking of sedimentation and erosion
Tracking of sedimentation / erosion for a hydroelectric plant at great altitudesread more
Detailed information and references for bathymetry are available upon request. Please, do not hesitate to contact us.


File(s) under permanent embargo
Attitudes of Australian primary school teachers towards the inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorders
journal contributionposted on 2023-05-19, 18:48 authored by Garrad, T, Rayner, C, Scott PedersenScott Pedersen
Diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have risen dramatically in the last 10 years, with recent estimates at one in every 100 children within Australia. This has resulted in considerable increases in the number of students with ASD entering mainstream education. Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion have been recognised as a key indicator for students’ successful inclusion. The main factors posited for determining teachers’ attitudes towards the inclusion of students with disabilities, consists of the amount of specialist training received and the length of specific ASD teaching experience. Utilising the Autism Attitude Scale for Teachers for the first time in Australia, we examined 107 primary school teachers’ attitudes towards the inclusion of students with ASD within their classrooms. The resulting scores were then analysed to examine the correlations, if any existed, between the amount of specialised training and years of ASD‐specific teaching on teachers’ attitude scores. While teachers’ attitudes were found to be highly positive, contrary to previous studies, low correlation coefficients were reported between their attitudes and ASD‐specific teaching experience, and their attitudes and the number of ASD‐specific professional development courses they attended. Findings of this study are discussed in the context of the sample population and explore the notion of a sociological and philosophical shift, attributed to the positive promotion efforts of the inclusive education movement, as one possible reason for the divergence in the findings from past research in the field.
Publication titleThe Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs
Department/SchoolFaculty of Education
PublisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
Rights statementCopyright 2018 NASEN


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Origins of Halloween and the Day of the Dead - EDSITEment
Grades4 to 12
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This site offers a different perspective of the "festival of the dead" on October 31st. This site highlights Day of the Dead celebrations as they relate to Halloween. Although this...more
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This site offers a different perspective of the "festival of the dead" on October 31st. This site highlights Day of the Dead celebrations as they relate to Halloween. Although this site is text-heavy, it would be very useful in upper elementary grades and beyond. There are also video clips. The site includes background information, conclusion questions, and class activity suggestions. Very basic standards are included.
In the ClassroomIf you are looking for a new twist to Halloween? Use this site for research and more. Divide the students into cooperative learning groups and have each group research Halloween in various countries (maybe even some countries not included at this site). Have the groups create multi-media presentations to share with the class on an interactive whiteboard or projector. Have students write a blog entry about Halloween in the country they researched, or create a video (with costumes, even better). Share the videos using a resource such as TeacherTube (explained here).
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Definition of Paling:
become, make lighter or weakened
Synonyms of Paling:
● Go white
Opposite/Antonyms of Paling:
Sentence/Example of Paling:
The west was paling, and the August insects stirred the air with their crooning chirp.
Between that garden and these grounds there is but a paling, which we can easily scale.
"Oh, I can't—I can't—you mustn't—" she stammered, reddening and paling.
The stars were paling, but the day had not yet dawned, when there came a knock at the door.
The crimson, however, was leaving his face and the said face was paling rapidly.
Dawn was paling the blue-black sky as the radio engineer returned.
He dropped, trembling, flushing and paling, into the indicated seat.
And now the lower stars were paling in a far-off flush of light.
Is there no danger of the creature springing over the paling?
The expectation that he would be able to speak the conciliating word was paling.


It’s almost time to kick off another school year. Make sure the kids in your life start off the school year on the right foot with healthy and safe lunches.
Many school lunch periods are busy and too short. Kids don’t have a lot of time to eat and they want to hang out with their friends. Try to keep this in mind while packing a lunch. Pack foods that are nutritious but can be eaten fairly quickly – think sandwiches or wraps instead of salads or soups. Help them out by pre-cutting fruits and vegetables. Also, if you have a child who will be at school for the first time, practice eating lunch out of a lunchbox. Make sure they can open any containers you plan on sending with them.
Try to pack something from each of the food groups in your kid’s lunch. Involving your child in the packing process will make them more likely to eat their whole lunch. Examples of kid friendly fruits and vegetables include berries, pre-cut vegetables with dip, and fruit salad.
Keep food safety in mind while packing lunch. The USDA gives the following tips for keep your kid’s lunch safe. Keep in mind that these tips apply to lunch you bring to work as well. :
Do you have a favorite school lunch meal? Submit your recipe and we’ll post it on Click ‘N Cook!
Written by Rachel Caty, MPH, RDN, LDN


13 Free Printable Math Worksheets
- Jul 16, 2019
Let’s face it – math can be hard. It makes sense that learning math for the first time can be even harder. We’ve provided some free math printables to make the process easier for your grade-school kids!
Whether you’re a parent or you have a classroom full of little ones, these math worksheets and flashcards are sure to help your kids learn the basics. These math printables range from first graders learning how to write and identify numbers, all the way up to one and two-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division equations and flashcards for more advanced grades.
Click each photo to download a full size PDF!
Writing Practice & Flashcards
Practice Numbers Worksheet
Addition & Subtraction Flashcards
Multiplication & Division Flashcards
Single-Digit Math Equation Worksheets
Single Digit Addition Worksheet
Single Digit Subtraction Worksheet
Single Digit Multiplication Worksheet
Single Digit Division Worksheet
Double-Digit Math Equation Worksheets
Double Digit Addition Worksheet
Double Digit Subtraction Worksheet
Double Digit Multiplication Worksheet
Double Digit Division Worksheet
Three-Digit Equations & Charts
Three Digit Subtraction Worksheet
We hope these free math worksheets become a staple in your child's learning process and that they ace all of their quizzes! Don't miss out on more teaching resources; check out some others here!


Very high levels of dust, high levels of noise, some flying rock possibilities, limited measuring possibilities, build-up on instruments, short range.
Level Technology Choice:
We have seen radar, laser, ultrasonic, microwave switch, photoelectric switch and tilt switch used in this application. With build-up of dust and some condensation present, technologies that do not have a self-cleaning capability, struggle to stay a reliable system. Ultrasonic frequencies that are too high such as 30 kHz, 40 kHz, 50 kHz and 70 kHz do not self-clean, as the pressure wave with each pulse of these frequencies are very low. The mistake comes with specifying the instrument by range instead of how bad the operating environment is going to be. Radar will need air purging with dry instrument air. Laser will need to be protected; as if the lens scratches the instrument will fail. Laser will also need to be purged with instrument air to keep the lens dust free. Microwave will work, but only as a switch. Photoelectric will work if the dust levels are very low, which is not the case. Tilt switch will work as a high-level switch only but not fail safe.
A non-contact technology, like a 20 kHz acoustic transmitter, is the best choice because of its narrow beam, self-cleaning capability, not affected by background noise in the crusher and will see through dust. Acoustic transducers have the ability to see through dust. Particles of dust in suspension are micron in size. The ability of a particular frequency to see through dust is governed by the wavelength of the frequency. 20 kHz has a wavelength of 16mm and can see through particles in suspension <1.6mm.
By controlling the “Choke Feed” to the crusher, we can minimize wear and tear on the crusher as well as increasing the operating efficiency. A Polyurethane rubber cone to reduce breakage caused by flying rock is also suggested.


Victorian Mulloway citizen science project
The Victorian mulloway citizen science research project, which was funded by $86,400 through the 2014/15 RFL Large Grant Program, was completed in December 2018.
Thanks to the help of over 150 anglers who took part in the project, we now know more about the biology, stock structures and population status of mulloway in Victoria. Here, we summarise the key findings from the study.
Since late 2014, 850 mulloway frames were donated by participating anglers. The total length of each frame was recorded and the otoliths (ear bones) were removed and used to estimate the age of each fish (pictured right).
Donated samples, together with a small number of scientifically collected mulloway, ranged in total length from 51 to 170 cm and were aged between 3 and 27 years. The research suggests the Victorian Mulloway fishery was largely supported by two dominant age cohorts over the past four years, which are believed to be the result of good recruitment in 2010 and 2011 in response to high freshwater flows. These findings support the requirement of favourable environmental conditions to maintain the status of populations and a strong fishery.
Genetic analyses of the frames revealed that mulloway from the Coorong (in South Australia) across to Westernport Bay, form one distinct subpopulation. While the eastern boundary of this cross-border subpopulation remains unknown (due to insufficient samples from eastern Victoria), Wilsons Promontory is the likely divide between South East SA/Victorian mulloway and the east coast subpopulation (i.e. NSW/southern Queensland).
Mulloway were found to reproduce from October to January, with Western Port Bay the only known Victorian spawning area. The majority of mulloway (90%) were caught from estuaries where individuals were predominantly less than or equal to 85 cm, and less than or equal to 6+ years, corresponding to the approximate estimate of 50% maturity. The high abundance of juveniles (i.e. fish that haven’t reached sexual maturity) found in Victorian estuaries highlights the importance of these waterways as nursery areas. With this data, we now know that the Victorian mulloway fishery is therefore largely based off a sub-adult population.
Thanks to this research, we have better information to help us reassess whether the current fishery management regulations for mulloway in Victoria are optimal.


Plastics Products Manufacturing Workers
Plastics products manufacturing workers mold, cast, and assemble products made of plastics materials. The objects they make include dishes, signs, toys, insulation, appliance parts, automobile parts, combs, gears, bearings, and many others. There are approximately 78,900 molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, tenders, and operators employed in the plastics products manufacturing industry.
Minimum Education Level
The U.S. Department of Labor reports the following mean annual earnings for workers in plastics product manufacturing in May 2019: first-line supervisors of production and operating workers, $60,250; model makers, $50,620; inspectors, $37,260; molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, tenders, and operators, $32,920; and assemblers and fabricators, $31,230. Salaries for these workers ra...
Most plastics industry workers work 40 hours per week, but some shifts may last 12 hours. Because plants operate on three shifts, entry-level workers may work nights and move to day shifts as they gain experience and seniority.
Plastics plants are generally safe, well lighted and ventilated, and modern. Workers must observe safety precautions when working around hot machines and plastics...
Increased competition in foreign markets will reduce opportunities for plastics products manufacturing workers. As a result, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) predicts that employment for plastic machine workers will decline through 2028. Opportunities for computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic will be much better, growing much faster than the average for all careers thr...


Understanding Abstract Data Type (ADT)
Hypertext Preprocessor has 8 primitive records types and people are booleans, integer, glide, string, array, object, useful resource, and null. also, we must keep in mind that personal home page is a weakly typed language and that we aren’t troubled about the statistics kind statement even as growing the ones. even though php has a few static kind features, personal home page is predominantly a dynamically typed language which means variables aren’t required to be declared earlier than using it. we are able to assign a fee to a new variable and use it immediately.
For the examples of information systems we have discussed to this point can we use any of the primitive records kinds to represent those systems? maybe we are able to or perhaps now not. Our primitive facts types have one precise goal: storing facts. a good way to reap some flexibility in performing operations on the ones information, we will require the usage of the information sorts in such a manner in order that we can use them as a particular model and perform a few operations. This specific manner of coping with information through a conceptual model is called summary facts kind, or ADT. ADT additionally defines a fixed of viable operations for the data.
We want to keep in mind that ADTs are specially theoretical ideas which might be used in design and analysis of algorithms, data structures, and software program design. In evaluation, data systems are concrete representations. that allows you to put in force an ADT, we’d want to apply information sorts or records structures or each. The maximum not unusual instance of ADTs is stack and queue:
- Priority queue
In coming chapters, we are able to discover extra ADTs and put into effect them as information structures using php.


The astronaut on board the International Space Station took an incredible picture of an ancient stream of lava that reached through the desert in New Mexico, and on top of that, a frozen river of volcanic rock looks like a dark scar cut out in the surrounding desert, writes Live Science.
The area of the basalt lava, known as Carrizozo Malpaís, is about 337 km2, and its length is about 80 km. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, it is located near Carrizo, a city in the Chihuahua desert in New Mexico, one of the largest lava flows on Earth in 10,000 years.
The eruption that gave rise to Carrizo Malpais began about 5,000 years ago and lasted from 20 to 30 years, during which time the magma slowly came out of a subsurface volcano, which has since become inactive. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, isolated lava tubes under the surface spread the molten rock into an unusually large area.
The new image is a puzzle of four photographs taken on 30 June by an unknown astronaut from the 67th expedition on board the ISS. A "stitched" photograph, which is one of the most detailed aerial photographs of the lava stream ever taken, was published on the NASA Earth Observatory website.
A full-size high-resolution picture can be viewed here.


A new study, said to be the first of its kind, reveals that babies begin learning the distinctive sounds of their native language while in utero.
Researchers from Pacific Lutheran University in Washington State have found that infants show interest in the vowels of their native language only hours after being born.
The study relied on data from 40 infants in the US and another 40 in Sweden, all ranging from seven to 75 hours old. Newborns were tested on two sets of vowel sounds—17 native language sounds and 17 foreign sounds. Researchers measured the babies’ interest by how long they sucked a pacifier connected to a computer. When babies sucked on the pacifier, they heard a vowel sound until they paused. Sucking again produced a new sound.In both countries, babies listening to foreign sounds sucked pacifiers more compared to those listening to their native tongue.
“These little ones had been listening to their mother’s voice in the womb, and particularly her vowels for ten weeks,” explains coauthor Patricia Kuhl. “The mother has first dibs on influencing the child’s brain.”
“The fact that the infants can learn the vowels in utero means they are putting some pretty sophisticated brain centers to work, even before birth,” she adds. “We can’t waste early curiosity.”
The findings, announced Wednesday, are set to be published in a future edition of the journal Acta Paediatrica.
Babycentre.uk advises moms-to-be to talk and sing to their baby bump, which will help bonding, and after birth, your newborn will pay more attention to your voice than others.


Sheri Berman in Dissent:
What are the uses of anarchism? The short answer is “not many.” Although anarchists have often been motivated by worthy aspirations and occasionally raised awareness of crucial issues, in general, anarchism is an ineffective way of improving the world. Anarchists are better dreamers than doers, and politics is the art of the possible. Although it may disappoint many on the left, a successful movement requires compromise, organization, and yes, even leadership, to actually get things done.
There are many variants and historical manifestations of anarchism, but characterizing all is a rejection of authority and hierarchy. Anarchists dream of a world without states, traditional political organizations, or any other structures that restrict individual freedom. Because they share such beliefs and goals with libertarians, anarchists are easily confused with them. In the American context, at least, the main distinction between the two concerns capitalism: anarchists view it as inherently coercive, while libertarians venerate it as the embodiment and guardian of individual rights. This has led the former to be viewed as left wing and the latter as right wing, but in reality, anarchists differ dramatically from other sectors of the modern left (just as libertarians differ dramatically from traditional conservatives and other factions of the modern right).
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century anarchism’s rejection of traditional political organizations and activity led to its involvement in various uprisings and rebellions, the most important of which was the Paris Commune. Anarchists also became associated with “propaganda of the deed”—“spontaneous” and “voluntary” actions that reflected the power of the individual and were designed to inspire others. Although these actions need not necessarily be violent, they often were: during this period anarchists were responsible for a series of spectacular assassinations and bombings. A czar of Russia, presidents of Italy and France, kings of Portugal and Greece, and a president of the United States all met their ends at the hands of anarchists. Despite their often spectacular nature, anarchist activities were almost uniformly unsuccessful.
More here. See Marina Sitrin's counterargument here.


One of the core issues within Christianity revolves around the word “SIN,” with countless references to the word throughout the bible. One of the most well-known scriptures about this highly utilized term is found in the King James Version of the bible: “For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God” (Romans 3:23).
But what exactly is “SIN“?
According to one definition, it is “an act regarded by theologians as a transgression of God’s will.” Consider these words for a moment: an act regarded by theologians. And just who are these “theologians”? Answer: They are none other than human beings who study religion (in this case, Christianity) and somewhere along the way took it upon themselves to make this unequivocal definition of the word SIN.
Further … it is these same “theologians” that frequently pass judgment on whether any one individual has committed one of these transgressions.
Now let’s consider where the word “SIN” is most frequently used? Yup! You guessed it. The BIBLE … that book written and produced by humans.
One final thought … did you know that the word SIN can actually be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word sunnǭ, which means “The sun”? Hmmm. So how did it get reworked over the years into this foreboding term that, according to common usage, separates humans from their (imaginary) god? (Isaiah 59:2)


Cancer News : Latest invention may usher in new era of cancer treatment
Over the years, the average life span of human beings has increased thanks to the advancements made in medical science. The medical fraternity through continuous focus on research and development has been making efforts to enhance the quality of life, in addition to longevity.
Such efforts bear fruit from time to time as they cater to addressing different medical conditions. A latest study carried out by researchers at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Australia promises to tackle cancer, the debilitating medical condition.
Targets Protein Structures
The latest finding in the domain of cancer management is protein based treatment. This new class of drugs has the potency to target protein structures, called tropomyosin, and thus annihilate cancer internally.
“Our drug causes the structure of the cancer cell to collapse – and it happens relatively quickly. We’ve been surprised and excited by the potential of this treatment,” Professor Peter Gunning from UNSW, who is the lead author of the study, said.
The initial research, conducted on animals, has confirmed the efficacy of the drug, called TR100, in two types of cancers; neuroblastoma, a rare form of cancer that primarily affects children, and melanoma, the cancer of the skin. Neuroblastoma is categorized as a hard-to-treat cancer given that the survival rates are as low as 40 percent.
Better Quality of Life
“Attacking the architecture of the cancer cell has long been an obvious target, but until now, attempts have failed because the building blocks of the structure of the cancer cell are also used to build the heart and muscle, so the toxicity was unacceptable,” Dr Justine Stehn from the Oncology Research Unit and the first author of the paper said.
The study findings are of monumental importance as they could herald a new era of chemotherapy, which will not only have better outcomes in hard-to-treat cancers, but will also, bestow a better quality of life on the patients due to fewer side effects.
The new treatment will be subjected to clinical trials in 2015.


India & Pakistan will be worst affected if the earth gets warmer by 2 degree Celsius.
A United Nations report, released on Monday, has warned of a severe heatwave hitting the subcontinent if the earth keeps getting warmer.
A similar heatwave in 2015 had killed at least 2500 people.
Scientists from University of Washington, World Health Organisation and Climate tracker, have called for major transformation of society and “unprecedented” world economy to save life on the planet.
“The world cannot afford a warming of 2 C above the pre-industrial era. A 2 C warmer world will devastate economies and ecosystems and push hundreds of millions of people back into poverty,” Chandra Bhushan, Deputy Director General of NGO Centre for Science and Environment said.
According to CSE, India and other countries with large populations dependent on agriculture and fishery sectors will be highly impacted due to greater sea level rise, higher frequency of droughts and floods and heatwaves predicted by the IPCC climate change report, PTI reported.
At present level of emissions, the earth is bound pass the 1.5 degree Celsius marker between 2030-2050.
“The world needs a ‘Plan B’ to address climate change. India must take the lead in forming a global coalition for a 1.5 C world to save its poor and vulnerable population,” the CSE said.


Wiring Diagram For Photocell Sensor – Wiring Diagram is the graphical depiction of a intricate electric circuit. It represents the physical parts of the electric circuit as geometric forms, with the real power and link links between them as thin sides. It is really simple to draw a wiring diagram; you simply require to have a great understanding on various types of wiring and their functions. The Wiring Diagram is usually utilized in electric design to intend the placement of electric circuits. In Wiring Diagram, it is very vital to contend least one power wire and also one link wire, which are called as high-voltage line. The major function of these cords is to lug the electric existing.
As the Wiring Diagram is extremely complicated, so it is really essential to discover the different signs in Wiring Diagram. As you examine more about Wiring Diagram, you will find out that there are even more than hundred Wiring symbols made use of in a Wiring Diagram.
The Dashed Line: This is made use of to show the end of a selected connection factor in a Wiring Diagram. It indicates that the selected path is active or it will be connected to the terminal and will be in usage.
The Arrow: This is an additional essential Wiring symbol made use of to reveal the area of a connection point. The arrowhead is received the leading setting of the photographic diagram shows the active course for the electric present. It is adhered to by the non energetic links that are needed for the full circuit to function. The third arrow aware shows the numerous types of cables that are required for the complete circuit, to ensure that the Wiring Diagram can be completed.
The Radial Wiring Diagram: This is one more kind of Wiring diagram which is commonly made use of in electric and also electronic engineering field. The physical and electrical layout of the parts is set out in the Wiring diagram to make certain that just the needed links are made.
The Electric Circuit Diagram includes the following symbols. There is a line attaching the terminals. The color scheme of a Wiring diagram consists of mainly black, as it represents the common mode of operation for the electrical circuits. The other shades used are green, white, pink and cyan. The signs for switching over the connections on and off are shown in bold letters. On the other hand, the Wiring diagram signs that make a connection between one element and also one more are highlighted in pink.


The government of Burkina Faso has given the green light for researchers to release genetically-engineered mosquitoes. The historic undertaking will be the first time any genetically-modified animals are released into the African wild.
Australian Experiment Cuts Dengue Mosquito Population by 80%
On Wednesday, researchers announced that the government granted permission to initialize the group’s long-term plan to eradicate a specific malaria-transmitting species.
The genetically-altered, sterile male mosquitoes will be released this month, in Burkinabe village, Bana.
Genetically-engineered mosquitoes have been released in other parts of the world, namely Brazil and the Cayman Islands. In July, Australian scientists bred about 20 million mosquitoes, and infected the males with the Wolbachia bacteria that made them sterile, before releasing some three million across three specific towns for a Dengue experiment.
The aim of the release of the altered species is to foster an environment of trust among citizens, who are often skeptical of research, or science, the group explained.
The scientists in Burkina Faso, along with Mali and Uganda teams, hope to release a separate “gene drive” mosquito if the “trust experiment” proves to be successful. This species will be genetically-modified to carry malaria mutations to reduce the population of the disease carriers.
“We’re seeing all those other pieces that are as important, if not more important, than the science itself, lined up and actually being executed in sequence,” said Philip Welkhoff, malaria director at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which dedicated US$70 million to support the research teams in the three countries.
Malaria spreads when parasite-infected mosquitoes transmit the disease to humans.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention statistics show that about 445,000 people — the majority of which were African children — died from malaria in 2016.


In regards to global logistics, technology including radio-frequency identification (RFID ) assume a critical part in developing harmony in understanding overstocking and understocking expenses for organizations. The technology allows for organizations to better forecast product demand in the business sector (Pokharel, 2005). Additionally, RFID’s are used to assist organizations with accomplishing stock level and expense goals by providing information used to help manage and implement logistics. RFID innovation is currently used in organizations such as Wal-Mart to assist in tracking products and provide real-time data to prevent counterfeiting and to monitor stock levels(Pokharel, 2005). RFID technology is equally important for privacy rights of individuals and global logistics. However, RFID plays a more common role in logistics than for individuals. The ability to track and monitor products by utilizing RFID technology has been proven effective and continues to be a reliable resource for many organizations.
Pokharel, S. (2005). Perception on information and communication technology perspectives in logistics: A study of transportation and warehouses sectors in Singapore. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 18(1/2). doi:10.1108/17410390510579882
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Dr. Elijah Clark (October 3, 2020). What is an RFID? [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://elijahclark.com/what-is-an-rfid/


According to the AAHA (American Animal Hospital Association) all kittens should receive a vaccination that protects against feline rhinotracheitis, feline calicivirus, and feline panleukopenia and Rabies; these are referred to as the “core” vaccines. Rhinotracheitis, Calicivirus, and Panleukopenia (FVRCP) are diseases that are ubiquitous in nature and are frequently found in the general cat population. Protection against all three of these viruses is generally provided as a multivalent vaccine.
Rabies is the other core kitten/cat vaccination. Rabies is a fatal disease that can affect not only cats but also many other animals, including humans. The recent rabies outbreak in Southern Ontario demonstrates how important it is for all pets to have a current Rabies vaccine. Legally, your municipality also requires that all cats and dogs be vaccinated against Rabies. Click here to read Dr. White’s blog on the subject.
While all cats should receive these core vaccines, outdoor cats are also at risk of contracting Feline Leukemia (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV). FeLV is transmitted via a bite wound from an infected cat. FIV is transmitted through saliva and even can be contracted through casual contact with an infected cat. Fortunately, proper vaccination can protect your kitty from these potentially fatal diseases.
All vaccines should be “boostered” 12 months following the final vaccine in the kitten series, following which the frequency with which the vaccines need to be repeated varies and can be discussed with your veterinarian during your visit.


The telescope – as it was referred to by the members of the Accademia dei Lincei – or Galilean spy-glass appeared during 17th-century innovative and experimental turmoil as an extraordinary and powerful new device. Increasing the range of sight, the instrument met with great success and swiftly became a collector’s item. Even the splendid Medicean collections housed in the Uffizi and the Palazzo Pitti counted various specimens of telescopes. The exhibition is dedicated to this “Medicean sky” unveiled by Galileo and then explored by 17th-century scientists. Margherita Abbozzo’s Galileo’s skies – a silk-screen printing on metalized paper, handmade as a unique specimen in 2000 – is also on display. This artwork is the result of research begun in 1994 and presented in 1999 at the Arcetri’s Astrophysical Observatory. In the same year the book Stelle (Stars) was published, where two artists –Margherita Abbozzo and the poet, Mario Luzi– and two scientists –Margherita Hack and Franco Pacini– explored the relationship between contemporary man and the universe.
|08.04.2002 – 31.08.2002||Florence, Museo di Storia della Scienza|


For POLIO-Free Somalia
Ten Things To Know And Do About Polio
Polio is a cruel enemy of children, a disease that causes permanent paralysis. There is no cure for polio. Immunization is the only defense.
After a six year absence, polio has returned to Somalia. This outbreak is spreading fast. Every un-immunized child is at risk.
To drive out polio, all stakeholders in Somalia are important in insuring that all children are immunized against polio, wherever they live. EVERY CHILD targeted needs to be immunized during EVERY ROUND of campaigns.
Our only weapon against polio is the oral polio vaccine (OPV). It is safe, effective and potent. Administered multiple times, it will protect a child for life: OPV has been declared halal by Islamic leaders worldwide.
Freeing Somalia from polio is a matter of national pride. Polio anywhere is a threat to un-immunized children everywhere. It could easily spread from here to infect our neighbours in the region.
It is our duty to do all we can to protect our children. Polio eradication is for our common future. Somalia is part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, a worldwide campaign that has cut polio cases by more than 99 per cent since 1988. Our children are relying on us to keep them safe.
Polio is HIGHLY INFECTIOUS. One un-immunized child puts every child at risk.
The polio outbreak proves the need for better routine immunization against childhood diseases. In Somalia, only X per cent of children are routinely immunized – even fewer in poor areas. Our children deserve better.
Everyone has a role to play in bringing this vaccine to children. Families need the facts about polio and the value of immunization. Please talk to your friends and neighbours. Teach children about polio at school. Go out into your community during the polio campaigns to encourage children get immunized. Use the media to educate the public. There are so many ways to help. Use your imagination!
10. The next polio campaign will take place from 26 May – 1 June in Benadir, Puntland and South and Central Regions. Please go out into your community to support the immunization drive.
We have beaten polio before – we can do it again, if we work together.


Two Rogue Valley Men Named Taylor Go to War
In 1898, two unrelated Rogue Valley men named Taylor went to The Philippines during the Spanish-
American War as volunteers, perhaps welcoming a chance to see more of the world.
Jay Taylor was with Company B of the Oregon Volunteers from Ashland, Ore. He became ill in training, but after 30 days returned to his company and sailed for The Philippines where he fell ill again. Recovering from surgery, he went to the front lines, sickened and died in a Manila hospital on March 25, 1899.
The other Taylor, Hayes Benjamin from Jacksonville, had enlisted in Portland’s Company L, Oregon Volunteers. He fought in every battle in The Philippines. At the Battle of Malebon on April 20, 1899, 14 American volunteers charged up a road to the town. Six were wounded and three died, including Taylor.
In February 1900, the Taylor boys’ bodies were returned home for burial a few days apart just as their deaths had been. Both funerals were huge affairs with an outpouring of respect and honor for their sacrifice.
The last Spanish-American War veteran died in 1993.
Source: Newspaper clippings from unknown newspapers and unknown dates found at the Southern Oregon Historical Society Research Library in MS 379, p. 53 and the ‘Ta’ vertical file.


In colonial America, Georgian architecture was associated with Roman republican values, while Greek revival styles symbolized the democracies of ancient Greece. Solomon Caswell built his home in 1832 and blended both styles. The shape of the house, its central entryway on the wide side of the building, and symmetrically arranged windows and interior spaces all reflect Georgian style. The narrow sidelights on either side of the door, pilasters or columns, and the cornices are Greek revival features. Instead of a fireplace, the house used safer and more efficient wood stoves to cook food and warm the house. The stovepipes ran up through the two second floor bedrooms to provide radiant heat. As the first building moved into the Village in 1968, Caswell House is one of two Troy buildings on the National Register of Historic Places. The other is the fieldstone Brooks farmhouse on Big Beaver Road, and is now the headquarters of the Kresge Foundation.
Caswell House Origin: Pioneer Solomon Caswell built this home in 1832 on Adams Road just north of Big Beaver Road. Solomon, his children, and grandchildren were the only people to ever reside in the home.
Caswell Move: Following the death of Solomon’s grandson William Caswell, the house was sold to the North Hills Christian Reformed Church congregation, which donated the house to the Troy Historic Village. The Troy Historical Society raised $8,400 to move the house in 1968. The North Hills Church now stands on the footprint of the pioneer’s home.
Caswell in the Village: The Caswell House was the first historic structure relocated to the Village where it was restored. It is one of two buildings in Troy on the National Register of Historic Places. (The fieldstone farmhouse at the Kresge Foundation headquarters on Big Beaver Road is the other Troy building on the National Register).


Earth’s Magnetic Field Could Flip Faster Than We Thought
'Down' could become the new 'up' within our lifetimes
The magnetic poles of the earth have switched back and forth many, many times during the 4.54 billion years that the Earth has been around. Previous research suggested that the process of reversing the poles took place over a long time period, potentially over a few thousand years. But new research shows that the reversal could actually happen much faster than that, with the magnetic North Pole migrating to the South Pole in a time span as short as a century.
Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley dated ancient lake sediments in Italy that recorded the last magnetic reversal, which occurred 786,000 years ago. Their findings were surprising. “What’s incredible is that you go from reverse polarity to a field that is normal with essentially nothing in between, which means it had to have happened very quickly, probably in less than 100 years,” said co-author of the study Paul Renne in a press release. “We don’t know whether the next reversal will occur as suddenly as this one did, but we also don’t know that it won’t.”
Regardless of the speed at which it occurs, that next reversal might happen sooner than originally thought. Geophysicists have noticed that the earth’s magnetic field has been weakening faster than expected lately, leading them to conclude that a full flip could happen sooner rather than later. (Don’t panic. ‘Sooner’ in this case, means within the next two millennia.)
Scientists haven’t found any evidence that previous reversals caused any major damage to inhabitants of the earth. But a changing magnetic field could affect current technology, like electrical grids. Luckily, according to this new research, that disruption should only last for one generation, not several. What a relief.


This monograph is a major assessment of the state of key species in the Chesapeake Bay — the eastern oyster, blue crab, striped bass, and Atlantic menhaden — and of the prospects for shifting from single-species fisheries management to multispecies and ecosystem based fisheries management (EBFM). Edward Houde summarizes current management efforts, potential implications of climate change, disease challenges, and the need for new science. The eastern oyster has limited prospects for natural recovery in the Bay, although aquaculture, Houde notes, shows a promise with its increasing emphasis in Virginia and emerging growth in Maryland. While the blue crab has experienced low recruitment in recent years, new management controls such as setting exploitation rates and creating sanctuaries appear to be having an impact on stocks. Meanwhile coastwide management of the striped bass fishery over these last two decades has been effective with the stock at high levels. Atlantic menhaden, heavily fished coastwide, are not on the verge of collapse, though recent stock assessments indicate that it has been more exploited than had been thought.
Traditional single species management aims at producing sustainable yields by regulating catch and fishing effort; however, it does not account for other important factors that can affect fisheries production, factors such as predator-prey relationships, climate change, habitat variability, and disease. A priority goal of EBFM is to foster high yields while maintaining the structure and function of the ecosystem. Because of many scientific uncertainties, the emphasis must be on precautionary management. In developing EBFM approaches in the years ahead, Houde suggests, new governance structures may well evolve to meet its requirements.


A Metareview of Lifestyle Psychiatry
Recent research has elucidated the role of these lifestyle factors – diet, sleep, and exercise, on our minds. Upon finding a link between various mental disorders to these factors, Firth et al., conducted a review and analysis of the top-tier evidence to examine how physical activity, sleep, dietary patterns and tobacco smoking can impact the development and treatment of a variety of different mental disorders.
Broadly, they found evidence that physical activity is helpful for both the prevention and treatment of a variety of mental health disorders and is one of the most extensively researched “lifestyle factors”. They also found that tobacco smoking was a significant risk factor that contributed to people developing mental illness. Poor sleep was also a modifiable risk factor in both the development and worsening of mental health disorders and symptoms, and in the research, a complex two-way relationship between sleep and mental health symptoms is highlighted. More evidence is needed to establish the role of dietary patterns in mental health.
With these findings, the researchers have made recommendations for the integration and delivery of lifestyle interventions in healthcare settings at a broad scale to help people improve their mental health. A few important steps to optimizing mental health and cognitive performance include taking adequate time for exercise, creating an environment conducive to quality sleep, not smoking tobacco, and fueling your mind and body with healthy, whole foods.
By: Douglas Noordsy, MD and Vanika Chawla, MD
- Reference: Firth J, Solmi M, Wootton RE, et al. A meta-review of “lifestyle psychiatry”: the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. World Psychiatry. 2020;19(3):360-380. doi:10.1002/wps.20773


Staff Writer, R. Patrick ChapmanBill of Rights / Polls
The State of the First Amendment: 2014 is a report about how Americans view the entire First Amendment, if some of them knew what that was.
When asked to name the five specific freedoms in the First Amendment, 68% of Americans name freedom of speech, followed by 29% who say the freedom of religion, 14% mention the freedom of the press, 7% mention the right to assemble, and 1% name the right to petition. Twenty-nine percent of those surveyed cannot name any of the rights guaranteed by the First Amendment.
Those who could name freedom of speech and freedom of religion increased this year from 59% to 68% and 24% to 29% respectively. Meanwhile, the knowledge of right to petition and right of assembly decreased from 4% to 1% and 11% to 7% respectively. The percentage of Americans who can’t name any First Amendment rights dropped from 36% to 29%.
The deprogramming of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness must be working, but to combat this limited perspective, here is the First Amendment:
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Memorize it, there might be a quiz later.
Source: Newseum, US Constitution


This Ted Talks video is about How Great Leaders Inspire Action and how leaders and influential people differ from everyone else.
Simon Sinek, the speaker, explains this concept of “the golden circle”. It describes how people communicate and applies this process to the business world. We all know what we do, some know how they do it, but very few know why. He stresses throughout the video that “people don’t buy what you do, they buy why you do it.” This idea is a very true concept that pertains to all aspects of life and business.
He gives the example of Apple. They are just a computer company, yet have become almost the “model company” businesses are striving to be like. Becoming successful is not about having the most money, being the most educated or coming up with the best idea; it truly is believing in what you do and then making others believe it too. This may seem like a cheesy statement your mother told you as a kid, but without that belief, people will not be inspired or want to hear what you have to offer.
He also brings up the law of diffusion of innovation. If you are not familiar with it, it is a model that shows what percent of the population will adopt a product and when. There are always a group of people who will be the first to purchase a product, even if they have to camp out overnight. But until the innovators and early adopters try out the products, no one else is going to step up. In order to grasp the attention of these people, it is important to have a strong belief that then transfers over to the customer.
One line from the video that stuck out the most was “Martin Luther King’s speech was called I have a dream speech and not I have a plan speech.” He felt strongly about what he was talking about and people could sense this. This can be applied to business today. If we don’t believe in our product and we don’t have a reason behind, how can we expect others to believe it?


A new study finds that statins, usually used for lowering cholesterol, may prevent an amputation or even death in some cases.
A remarkable new study has just stumbled upon a possible additional use for statins, which are currently meant to lower cholesterol: they could save a person’s life.
People who have narrowed leg arteries are at risk of requiring an amputation or even dying, but the cholesterol-lowering statins appear to prevent that from happening, according to an American Heart Association statement.
In fact, the study found that the higher the dosage of statins, the lower the risk.
Researchers analyzed health information for more than 200,000 people who had peripheral artery disease (PAD). PAD involves the narrowing of arteries in the legs, stomach, arms, and head, and the medical community is concerned that this is the next “cardiovascular epidemic,” Dr. Shipra Arya, the study author, said in the statement.
Those who had PAD and took high dosees of statins were 33 percent less likely to get an amputation and 29 percent less likely to die than those who weren’t taking statins. Those that had moderate or low doses of statins had a 22 percent lower risk of both.
“PAD, a narrowing of the peripheral arteries to the legs, stomach, arms and head, is the next cardiovascular epidemic,” Arya said in the statement. “It is poorly recognized and not adequately treated compared to heart disease – and research is lacking on the optimal use of statins for PAD patients.”
Arya added; “Ours is one of the largest population-based studies on PAD and suggests patients who have been diagnosed with PAD should be considered for placement on high dose statins upon diagnosis if they can tolerate it, along with other medical management, including smoking cessation, antiplatelet therapy and a walking program.”
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Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare lung disease characterized by deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals, called microliths, in the alveoli. The hallmark of the disease is the discrepancy between clinical and radiological findings. Most patients are asymptomatic for several years or even decades, and the detection of PAM by imaging is usually an incidental finding. A long and progressive course is most often described, leading to deterioration of pulmonary function and even lung or heart failure. Environmental factors such as smoking or infection seem to accelerate the progression of the disease. The long-term prognosis is poor, and therapy - apart from lung transplantation - is currently not available.
Biallelic pathogenic variants of the SLC34A2 (solute carrier family 34 member 2) gene, which encodes a type IIb sodium-phosphate co-transporter, are causative for the disease. The transporter is expressed in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC II), among others, and is responsible for the uptake of phosphate from the alveolar space that is released from phospholipids during the degradation and recycling of pulmonary surfactant. Defects in the transporter lead to intra-alveolar accumulation of phosphate, which promotes the formation of calcium-phosphate deposits. The majority of cases occur sporadically, and up to 40% of cases are familial and inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Most cases have been described in Turkey, China, Japan, India, Italy, and the United States (in descending order). The prevalence of pathogenic PAM variants in the Japanese population has been estimated to be less than 0.008.
Stamatopoulos et al. 2017, Respir Med Case Rep 22:24 / Saito et al. 2016, Clin Chest Med 37:441 / Castellana et al. 2015, Eur Respir Rev 24:607 / Ferreira et al. 2013, Respir Med 107:1 / Huqun et al. 2007, Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175:263


House sparrows are an increasingly common problem bird in urban areas.
These small, quick, intelligent pest birds are predominately brown and grey in color, with black striping around the eyes and neck in the male of the species.
Sparrows are very adaptable and have learned to nest in our structures and eat our scrap food. Sparrows often gather in huge flocks to fed and roost, aggressively forcing other birds out of their territories. Sparrows prefer nesting in small enclosed places such as house shutters, drainage piping, building rafters and corrugated metal siding. These pest birds average about 20 offspring a year, allowing their numbers to increase rapidly to infestation levels.
Damage caused by Sparrows
Sparrows are noisy problem birds, especially when they congregate in large flocks. Besides the annoying noise factor, sparrow problems are often found in manufacturing and food processing plants. These areas are particularly appealingto sparrows for their variety of nesting and feeding sites. Sparrow nests cause flooding from backups in gutters and drainage pipes, as well as clog machinery and even start fires from nesting materials in machinery housings. Sparrow droppings contain uric acid which is highly corrosive and can cause extensive damage to metals and other substrates it sits on for long periods. In addition, the bacteria, fungal agents and ectoparasites found in sparrow droppings and nesting materials are responsible for a host of serious diseases, including histoplasmosis, encephalitis, salmonella, meningitis, toxoplasmosis and more.
They build large nests relative to size which function as the center of all activity. They prefer small enclosed places such as house shutters, drainage piping, building rafters and corrugated metal siding.
The best sparrow control product is bird netting. Bird net is extremely durable and creates a true bird barrier against sparrow problems. Bird netting permanently resolves sparrows problems, keeping these pest birds completely away from the area.
In addition to bird net, another effective sparrow control product is Bird Shock Flex Track. This is particularly useful for sparrow control on building ledges. It should also be noted that Sparrows do not react to bird scare products


Arne Dekke Eide Naess is widely regarded as the foremost Norwegian philosopher and one of the most influential intellectuals of the twentieth century. Internationally he was an important and inspirational figure within the environmental movement of the late twentieth century. Within the field of environmental philosophy, he is perhaps most known as the person who coined the term “deep ecology,” an approach to environmental problems that looks for its roots deep in the structure of our western society and the worldviews that guide it.
Arne Naess was born in Slemdal in 1912 and grew up as the youngest of four siblings in a wealthy home in Christiania (the name at the time for the city of Oslo). His father died before Arne filled one year and his mother Christine was alone with parental responsibility.
Already at age sixteen, Arne Naess began to attend lectures at the university. After graduation from school in 1930, he enrolled at the university, and three years later, only twenty-one years old, he finished his Master of Philosophy with mathematics and astronomy as subsidiary subjects. After a period of study in Paris, Vienna, and Berkeley, he became the University of Oslo’s youngest professor at age twenty-seven. At that time, he was Norway’s only professor of philosophy.


Lapis lazuli is a beautiful blue stone that has been prized for centuries for its beauty and its metaphysical properties. It is a stone of truth, honesty and communication, and it is said to promote self-awareness, self-confidence and self-knowledge.
Lapis lazuli is also said to be a stone of protection and is often used to ward off negative energy and psychic attacks.
Lapis lazuli is a feldspar mineral that is found in metamorphic rocks. It is composed of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite. The blue colour of lapis lazuli is due to the presence of lazurite, while the calcite and pyrite give the stone its characteristic flecks and inclusions. Lapis lazuli is found in a variety of shades of blue, from light sky blue to a beautiful deep indigo.
Lapis lazuli has been used for centuries in jewellery and other decorative arts. It was particularly prized by the ancient Egyptians who used it to make amulets and other religious objects whilst the ancient Greeks and Romans believed that it had the power to protect against evil spirits.
In the Middle Ages, lapis lazuli was used to make religious paintings and sculptures. It was also used to make ink and paint and proved to be a useful pigment in cosmetics.
Today, lapis lazuli is still used in jewellery and other decorative arts. It is also used in metaphysical healing and it is often used to promote self-awareness, self-confidence and self-knowledge.
If you are looking for a stone that can help you to connect with your inner truth then lapis lazuli is a great choice. It is a stone that can help you to be more honest with yourself and with others and communicate your thoughts and feelings more effectively – something that we can all benefit from!
Visit the Evergreen UK Boutique crystal store here to see their plentiful range of crystals and gifts.