According to a study conducted by Michigan State University College of Law, about five million people in the United States fall victim to dog bites every year. Only 800,000 people out of this number have been reported to seek medical treatment for their injuries, while fortunately, only a small fraction of these attacks are fatal.
Since injuries from dog attacks and bites are considered a threat to public health and safety, 39 states, including Illinois have strict laws and special rules in place that put a great deal of emphasis on dog owners to regular their dog’s behavior and train them properly so that they don’t exhibit violent behaviors.
A dangerous dog is one that exhibits or engages in actions that put people or animals at risk of injury or death. Here are a few acts and behaviors that can label a dog as dangerous:
The Animal Control Act has classified dogs using terms dangerous and vicious, and there are specific laws surrounding these terms that apply on these owners and their dogs.
A dog showing a tendency that it may bite or injure someone in the near future is said to be a dangerous dog. The Animal Control Act defines a dangerous dog as:
For example, a dog that barks at anyone who knocks on the door will not be considered dangerous as it is present on its owner’s property. However, if it jumps on someone on a public sidewalk, it would then be considered dangerous.
If a dog causes a serious bite or physical injury to another person, it is declared a vicious dog. According to the Animal Control Act, a vicious dog is one that:
For example, if a dog attacks a person who harmed it or broke inside a home, its actions will not qualify it as a vicious dog because it was provoked.
If you have been bitten or injured by a dangerous or vicious dog, you should consult your case with an experienced Lake County dog bite attorney to see whether Illinois dog bite law applies. Contact the Law Offices of Robert T. Edens, P.C. at (847) 395-2200 or online today to schedule your initial consultation with our firm.


Stresses are the response of loading on the pavement. Material containing subgrade and environment condition are also responsible for stresses in the pavement. There are various types of stresses yields in flexible and rigid pavements under the applied live load.
The top most paved surface of such type of pavement is flexible, that is extremely dependent on the underlying layers. Due to flexible, pavement is free to move. In such type of pavements following stresses are the most common and are extremely effective.
- Vertical stresses
- Shear stress
- Radial stress
Vertical stress effects the pavement by compressing the pavement material. When pavement compresses, then material in a pavement gets crushed and as a result rutting become visible on the top horizontal pavement.
Rutting is the depression in the surface of wheel path. Along the sides of the rutting, pavement may uplift (due to shear). These ruts are very clear in the pavement after rain when ruts filled up with water.
Shear stress occurs in the pavement when load is more than the capacity of the pavement. When load approaches the critical point, then as a result movement occurs in the base layer and that movement is responsible for the shear stress in the top pavement.
When tension occurs at the bottom of layers due to seepage, removal of material from particular layer or by any other mean. As a result fatigue cracking occurs in the pavement due to wear and tear of loads. That cracking leads to radial stresses in the pavement.


How do you write a good title for an essay? – › Blog › Essay Writing Guides
How do you make a good title? – › resource › how-to-write-a-great-title
How do you title your paper? – › c.php
How do you introduce a title in an essay? – Introduce the text you’re writing about in the beginning of your essay by mentioning the author’s full name and the complete title of the work. Titles of books should be underlined or put in italics.
What is an example of a title? – The definition of a title is the name of a person’s job, the name of a creative work or a word used before someone’s name to indicate his or her status. “Vice President of Marketing” is an example of a title. The Wizard of Oz is an example of a movie title. “Mr.” and “Mrs.” and “Dr.” are all examples of titles.
How do you come up with a title? – › book-title-ideas-choos…
What’s a catchy title? – A catchy title is the headline of a content article that contains elements to persuade readers to read it. Writing an effective headline can be an essential element of your content. A catchy title can bring a customer to your article by explaining what’s in it or what value the reader can get from clicking on it.
What is a creative title? – A bland title could turn a reader away from your story, essay or book. A creative title, on the other hand, grabs a reader’s attention while hinting at what’s to come. The direction your title will take — that is, how creative you can be with it — depends on the creative freedom the format of your text requires.
Do essays need a title? – Titles create the first impression of an essay: • It is important that your title creates interest and draws readers into your essay. try to title your essay before you have it written.
How can I make my title attractive? – › seven-easy-tricks-to-write-…
What makes a good story title? – They should hook your target audience and convey a little bit about the plot and tone of your book. A good title will generate interest and intrigue readers without giving away too much plot.


|作曲者||Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)・ヨハン・セバスティアン・バッハ|
|タイトル||Contrapunctus 14 für Orgel / Tasteninstrument, BWV 1080 [score]|
|楽器編成（詳細）||Organ (oder anderes Tasteninstrument)|
|形状||20 ページ・21 x 29.7 cm・91 g・ソフトカバー|
In 1991 an astonishing discovery was published by Zoltán Göncz answering the question with fairly great certainty how Bach planned the appearance of the fourth subject, the main subject of the cycle: One of the striking features of Contrapunctus 14 is that in this movement Bach applied the stretto of whole expositions. In the exposition of the first three subjects he “programmed” the later permutational stretti, then applied the expositions as “programs”, “algorithms”. However paradoxical, it follows from the logic of composing a quadruple fugue that the combinations joining all four subjects and rendered the latest when performing the work were already completed in the very first stage of composition because the possibility of overlapping the four subjects (1+2+3+4) is the sine qua non of writing a quadruple fugue. The discovery of the permutational matrix was one of the most essential conditions to achieve that the reconstruction of Contrapunctus XIV could come near to the original form planned by Bach.


New Hampshire has banned the use of reusable shopping bags in a bid to stop the spread of the novel coronavirus.
Governor Chris Sununu issued the emergency order on Saturday to temporarily revert to single-use plastic or paper bags in grocery stores, supermarkets, convenience stores and other retail businesses to protect customers and workers.
“Our grocery store workers are on the front lines of #COVID19, working around the clock to keep NH families fed. With identified community transmission, it is important that shoppers keep their reusable bags at home given the potential risk to baggers, grocers and customers,” Mr Sununu said in a statement.
The Covid-19 pandemic is raging across America. As of Wednesday, there were 53,852 confirmed cases and at least 728 deaths, according to the New York Times.
In New Hampshire, 108 coronavirus cases were confirmed but no deaths. The first case was identified in the state on 2 March. The patient had recently come back to the US from Italy, NHPR reported.
In recent years, states have moved to ban single-use plastic bags. In New York, a ban came into play on 1 March. Basil Seggos advised New Yorkers concerned about the cleanliness of reusable bags to wash them.
Maine has halted its plastic bag ban due to the coronavirus.
California, Oregon, Connecticut, Delaware, Vermont and Hawaii also have bans against single-use plastic bags in place.
Single-use plastic bags are a major contributor to plastic pollution which add to landfills and choke the oceans. It takes at least 500 years for a plastic bag to break down into micro plastics which find their way into the food chain. At least 267 different species have found to be affected by plastic pollution in the oceans, biologicaldiversity.org noted.
What are the risks of the virus living on a reusable bag?
A new study from the National Institutes of Health found the virus can live on stainless steel surfaces for up to three days.
Vincent Munster, who was part of the NIH study, said that it was unclear how long the Covid-19 virus can live on clothing and surfaces that are harder to clean.
“We speculate due to the porous material, it desiccates rapidly and might be stuck to the fibres,” he told the BBC, emphasising the important of cleaning and thorough hand washing.Source: Independent


(www.MacularDegenerations.com) While most people know that an apple a day keeps the doctor away, few realize just how beneficial strawberries can be as it relates to protecting eye health, according to the Western Farm Press on 12 July.
Carla Haley, the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Miller County extension agent, said in the article that strawberries tend to be left of lists that detail fruits that can help to strengthen the immune system.
According to the article, strawberries, which are full of vitamin C and antioxidants, not only pack a punch in the fight against harmful free radicals, but also help to protect against things such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cancer, heart disease and diabetes.
Haley explained in the article that consuming foods that contain vitamin C also enables the body to absorb iron. She added that strawberries contain potassium, which helps to keep blood pressure within an ideal range, and fiber, which helps to regulate cholesterol. And, for those who are watching their calorie intake, one cup of strawberries has zero fat and a mere 45 calories.
Meanwhile, the article contained some tips for choosing strawberries. For instance, they should be firm, bright red, completely ripe and have bright green caps. Haley added in the article that strawberries stored inside the fridge should be used within three days to prevent mold growth. She added that strawberries should not be rinsed before being putting in the fridge, and that removing the green cap too soon can lessen texture, flavor and nutrient value.
An eye condition that can lead to blindness, AMD is obviously no laughing matter. What people eat can play a role in whether or not they ultimately come down with AMD in the future, so people who watch what they eat stand a fighting chance of avoiding the onset of AMD. If they should get the ailment, they can at least slow down its progression by consuming the right things. As populations continue to age, cases of AMD are expected to rise, according to various experts. Which is all the more reason for people to take their eye health seriously by watching what they eat.
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He is known in Poland as the "patron saint of pierogi."
Just one verse each day.
Commonly referred to as the “Apostle of the North,” St. Hyacinth became a Dominican after witnessing a miracle performed by St. Dominic. After his ordination he was sent back to Poland as a missionary and tradition says he preached the Gospel in Lithuania, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, possibly even going through parts of Russia. One of his primary centers of evangelization was Kraków, where he eventually died and was buried.
According to The Observer, “Hyacinth invented the pierogi during a time of famine and served the hungry plate after plate of this hearty dish.” Some stories say this famine was in Kiev and was due to a siege of the city in the 13th century.
Another legend states that during one of his missionary journeys, he reached the village of Kościelec near Kraków and discovered they were in the midst of a great famine. Linda Lum in Delishably explains the miracle that happened next.
On July 13, 1238 … Hyacinth … visited the town of Kościelec. A storm raged, destroying all of the crops, dooming the populace to starvation. Hyacinth knelt with the villagers and prayed with them for divine intervention. The next day the crops rose back from the dead. In a show of gratitude, the people of the town created for him a meal of pierogi from those miracle crops.
Either way St. Hyacinth became known as the “patron saint of pierogi” — filled sweet or savory dumplings made from unleavened dough — and a common Polish phrase has been passed down through the ages, “Swiety Jacek z pierogami!” (St. Hyacinth and his pierogi!). It’s essentially the same as the English expression of “holy cow!”
St. Hyacinth is a dearly beloved saint of Poland and his pierogi remain a popular food item around the world.
4 Lenten traditions from your Polish grandma
How Mary became “Queen of Poland”


Compatibility of basic social perceptions determines perceived attractiveness.
Additional Document Info
The human body's shape and motion afford social judgments. The body's shape, specifically the waist-to-hip ratio, has been related to perceived attractiveness. Early reports interpreted this effect to be evidence for adaptation, a theory known generally as the waist-to-hip ratio hypothesis. Many of the predictions derived from this perspective have been empirically disconfirmed, leaving the issue of natural selection unresolved. Knowing the cognitive mechanisms undergirding the relationship between judgments of attractiveness and body cues is essential to understanding its evolution. Here we show that perceived attractiveness covaries with body shape and motion because they cospecify social percepts that are either compatible or incompatible. The body's shape and motion provoke basic social perceptions, biological sex and gender (i.e., masculinity/femininity), respectively. The compatibility of these basic percepts predicts perceived attractiveness. We report evidence for the importance of cue compatibility in five studies that used diverse stimuli (animations, static line-drawings, and dynamic line-drawings). Our results demonstrate how a proximal cognitive mechanism, itself likely the product of selection pressures, helps to reconcile previous contradictory findings.


The production of fast oxygen atoms in the Martian exosphere as a result of the electron dissociative recombination of ions is re‐evaluated for the time period appropriate to the Phobos 2 mission. Because of the prevalent condition of solar maximum activities in 1989, both the upper atmosphere and ionsphere should have more extended structures than those encountered during the Viking Orbiter (VO) mission in 1976 which was near solar minimum. We compare the distributions of the hot oxygen atoms for these different levels of solar activities and find that the number density of the hot oxygen atoms during the Phobos 2 mission should be a factor of two larger than estimated for the time period of the VO mission. The non‐thermal escape rate of the exospheric oxygen atoms is thus comparable to the ionospheric escape rate measured in the Martian magnetotail. Furthermore, the flux of the oxygen ions picked up in the hot atomic corona should be more intense than previously thought.
|頁（從 - 到）||2289-2292|
|期刊||Geophysical Research Letters|
|出版狀態||已出版 - 12月 1990|


The performance of a compacted soil liner is partly a function of the porosity, which is important because the transport of materials through the liner occurs via the pore space. This project studies the pore spaces of compacted soil materials to estimate the effective porosity, which is the portion of the pore space where the most rapid transport of leachate occurs. Pore space of three soil materials, till, loess. and paleosol, was studied by using mercury intrusion porosimetry, water absorption, and image analysis. These analyses provided cumulative porosity curves from which the pore size distribution of soil samples were estimated. Theory was developed to estimate the effective porosity of a compacted soil material based upon a model of its pore size distribution and pore continuity. The effective porosities of compacted till. loess. and paleosol materials are estimated-to be 0.04. 0.08. and 0.09. respectively. These values are 10 to 20% of the total porosities. Comparisons between measured and predicted C1 travel times through compacted soil samples were made in order to verify the estimated effective porosities. The estimated effective porosities are reasonable because predicted C1~ first breakthrough times are similar to the measured first breakthrough times in the,soils studied. For these three soils predicted first breakthrough times are 5 to 10 times earlier when effective porosity is used.in the Darcy-equation based calculations as compared to Darcy-equation-based calculations that utilize total porosity.
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/robert-horton/22/


The Struggle of Afrocolombian Music
Understanding the complex cultural history of Africolombians and how difficult it has been for its artists to fight for recognition.
Every September, the Colombian region of Chocó, located along the country’s Pacific coast, turns into an overwhelming party. The streets in the capital city of Quibdó are full of parades. Music takes over to celebrate the festivities of San Pacho. This festival, that reflects the history of cultural and religious colonization in Chocó, became a symbol of the region’s musical traditions.
The film “Los Sonidos invisibles” is a documentary by anthropologists Ana María Arango and Gregor Vanerian that focuses in the San Pacho festival as an epicenter of music culture in Colombia. Both filmmakers present a variety of protagonists that allow us to understand the complex cultural history of Chocó and how difficult it has been for its people to fight for recognition.
In the documentary, Octavio Panesso, a musician, composer and activist who works to preserve the culture of Chocó, talks about a congregation of Catholic priests known as the Clarentian Missionaries. They created cultural spaces in this region that has been completely abandoned by the Colombian State. These were spaces where traditional music was signaled as “primitive” or “the devil’s work.”
This colonial legacy got re-appropriated and this music is music of resistance as well. The filmmakers portrayed women singing about redemption, the end of slavery, or their fear of dying in the mines. It is also music to remember the past and vindicate dancing traditions in the present.
Chocó is usually only talked about as a region with high levels of unemployment, violence and poverty. It is also where a large population of Afro-Colombian lives. Many arrived there escaping slavery during the Spanish colonial period, and many others arrived after abolition. This documentary shows, in a subtle way, their long history of resistance and their new struggles fighting the logics of the market and hegemonic cultural models today.


Different Ways to Address Mother in Chinese
母亲节(Mǔqīnjié) Mother’s Day is coming soon! Wish all the dear mothers in the world 母亲节快乐(Mǔqīnjié kuàilè) a happy Mother’s Day! Wouldn't learning to address your mother in Chinese be a sweet gift?
In Chinese, there are many ways to say mother: 妈(mā), 妈妈(māma), 阿妈 (āmā) and 娘亲(niángqīn). The most commonly used addresses are: 母亲(mǔqīn), 妈(mā) and 妈妈(māma).
妈妈 (māma), like most people in the world call their mothers, is the most common way to address mother. When children are young, they'll call their mother 妈妈(māma), then as adults, it shortens to 妈(mā). It is just like the switch from "mommy" to "mom/mum" in English. Nowadays, many children also call their mother 老妈(lǎomā).
Calling your mother 母亲(mǔqīn) is considered very formal. In literature there is the book《母亲》(Mǔqīn), and in fact, there is a TV series that's actually named《母亲》(Mǔqīn).
Another way is to call娘(niáng). 娘(niáng) was used in ancient times and is now used in areas with rich culture and tradition, such as northwest China and the Central Plains. In Henan, Hebei and Shandong Province, and especially in some remote districts in the countryside, children will still call their mothers 娘 (niáng).
Which way do you prefer to call your mother in Chinese? Say it aloud to your mother: 我爱你(Wǒ ài nǐ)!
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Elements and Functions of the Capital Market
The project "Capital Market Support Program" is funded by the European Union under the DIGITAL RE4M Program and implemented by the EBRD's Capital & Financial Markets Development team to support the development of Georgia's capital market. Within the educational section of the "Capital Market Support Program," read a post on the topic "Elements and Functions of the Capital Market."
The capital market is a location for people, businesses, and governments to raise funds. Financing instruments are traded here: equity and loan financial instruments, ETFs, and more. Long-term investment products are frequently traded in capital markets. The money market is generally where you'll find short-term ones.
The capital market plays a crucial role in economic development. It mobilizes individual and corporate savings as well as surplus funds in various sorts of assets. The capital market connects capital suppliers and buyers. This makes it easier to move funds from non-productive to productive channels.
Significant suppliers of cash to the market include individual investors, commercial banks, financial institutions, insurance companies, business corporations, and pension funds. On the other hand, companies, entrepreneurs, governments, etc. are fund seekers.
What are the benefits of investing in capital markets?
- Savings: By investing in securities, investors can create savings.
- Investing in the stock market provides a source of income. Companies distribute profits in the form of dividends. Bonds pay interest income to bondholders. Often, the return on securities is higher than the interest on money or the banking sector.
- Capital Gains: When the value of securities increases, so does the value of their owners' investments. This is called a "capital gain." Investments accumulated over time at the expense of capital gains provide a good opportunity to increase wealth.


Historic Trains of Clear Creek
The Narrow Gauge Railroad played an important role in the development of the Colorado Rockies throughout the latter part of the Nineteenth Century. Prior to the coming of the Iron Horse, the only mode of travel was by horse, wagon, or stagecoach, all of which were slow and could transport only relatively small amounts of goods, people, or minerals. Every mining camp of its day was hopeful that a railroad would determine that its resources were valuable enough to warrant the expense and prestige of rail service to its community. Because of its rich mineral deposits and mining operations, the Clear Creek mining area did hold that attraction for several railroads.
The Narrow Gauge Steam Locomotive and Passenger Car shown here may be seen in Idaho Springs, Colorado located behind Idaho Springs City Hall just South of Miner Street.
Engine No. 60 was built by the Rhode Island Locomotive Works in 1886. Number 60 began her career on the Union Pacific-owned narrow-gauge Utah and Northern Railroad as No. 263. In 1890, the Union Pacific transferred U&N Engines No. 260-265 to its Colorado-based Denver, Leadville, and Gunnison Railroad, where the original engine number was retained until the Colorado and Southern assumed operation of all Colorado-based Union Pacific narrow gauge lines. This included the Clear Creek branch. At this time, the C&S renumbered all of its narrow gauge engines and No. 263 became No. 60.
Clear Creek County is the gateway to the Rocky Mountains. Located just west of Denver along Interstate 70, Clear Creek has 396 square miles of public lands to explore, as well as four mountain peaks above 14,000 feet. Clear Creek is comprised of charming mountains towns Idaho Springs, Downieville, Lawson, Empire, Georgetown, and Silver Plume, which are all along the I-70 corridor. Learn more about Clear Creek County here.


News & Events
Application of earth observation satellites plays a significant role in supporting national and international economies. So far, there are many Chinese land observation satellites in orbit and in operational service, including the CBERS-02B (China Brazil earth resource satellite), HJ, ZY, SJ, GF, and BJ series, and many others (Xu, Gong, and Wang 2014; Zhou, Huang, and Wang 2014).
According to China’s Middle and Long-term Planning, in decade years, more than 10 land observation satellites will be developed and launched by China, thus forming an integrated land observation system, characterized by a multi-sale spatial resolution and diversified sensors (Yang and Chi 2011). In turn, these will obtain plentiful geospatial remote sensing data to apply in many industries such as agriculture, environment, forestry, traffic, and so on. While the number of remote sensing applications has increased greatly, the remote sensing data are still generally considered as a scientific data-set used by specialist organizations and government agencies.
Currently, earth observation satellite data are certainly not as popular as data from global positioning satellites, communication satellites, and meteorological satellites. Moreover, the remote sensing satellites applications market is still typified by a lack of sufficient professional commercial services providers who can meet the needs and various demands from the end-users, like satellite planning, imaging, processing, obtaining, visualization, archiving, etc. Hence, it is clear that commercial remote sensing satellite enterprises who best understand the user demands by having close contact with their customers, provide more direct, convenient, and efficient services (Mantas, Liu, and Pereira 2015; Tan, Di, and Deng 2016).
Full publication can be found on https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10095020.2017.1329266
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Shaping CanadaJuly 11, 2022
As part of our ongoing efforts to demonstrate the importance of personal stories to who we are as a country, we are delighted to announce a brand-new initiative. Addressing contemporary history — sometimes even as it happens — Shaping Canada focuses on the history-makers of today, how their influence affects Canada now, and how it will continue to affect us in the future.
This exciting, multi-year oral history project will document the impact, influence and life stories of living Canadians who have had a demonstrable and extraordinary impact on contemporary Canada. Today’s influencers are tomorrow’s history, and capturing their voices will not only inform future reflections on who we were at a given moment in time, but will also provide an invaluable record of first-hand experiences in the words of those who lived them.
Shaping Canada seeks to document the noteworthy experiences of those who have had a significant impact on the political, social, cultural and intellectual fabric of Canadian society, and the wider world — individuals such as Juno award-winning Canadian children’s music performer, Fred Penner, Indigenous architect Douglas Cardinal and civil rights activist Wanda Robson.
Dr. Laura Sanchini, Curator of Craft, Design and Popular Culture at the Canadian Museum of History, is heading up this fascinating project. “Oral history allows us to better understand the lived experiences of contemporary Canadians,” she says. “Shaping Canada gives voice to the prominent Canadians who have impacted our country and influenced the world. In their own words, they share their extraordinary journeys and their thoughts on the Canada they helped shape.”
The interview process has begun, and Dr. Sanchini has been busy interviewing participants and documenting their experiences and attitudes towards the Canada they helped shape, while also exploring their unique contributions to — and reflections on — Canadian society. Interviews and accompanying materials will become part of the Museum’s archives.
Short, documentary-style videos created from the interviews will highlight emotional and thought-provoking content. This project will enhance and support the Museum’s position as a leader in oral history and digital humanities research, and will become a unique, multi-disciplinary living archive of contemporary Canada. The first set of interviews will be launched in fall 2022 on historymuseum.ca.
For information on how to support this project, contact Linda Kincaid, Director, Major Gifts and Campaigns, at email@example.com.


Oct 27 2009
A Henry Ford Hospital study questions the need for aggressive screening for colonic polyps in patients with diverticulosis.
The study sought to determine if asymptomatic patients with diverticular disease are at higher or lower risk for developing colonic polyps, abnormal growths found in the wall of the colon that sometimes become cancerous.
"We found that patients with diverticulosis have a lower incidence of polyps overall and a tendency for less-advanced polyps," says Ali Nawras, M.D., chief of Endoscopy Services, Division of Gastroenterology at Henry Ford Hospital, and lead author of the study. "These results suggest that for patients with diverticulosis, a less-aggressive surveillance regimen could be appropriate."
The study results will be presented Oct. 26 at the American College of Gastroenterology's Annual Scientific Meeting in San Diego.
Colonic polyps and diverticulosis are common conditions in Western countries and both diseases share common predisposing factors such as older age and low-fiber diet. However, there has been conflicting data on the association between the presence of diverticulosis and colonic polyps.
According to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearing House, about 10 percent of Americans older than 40, and half of those over age 60, have diverticulosis, a condition where small pouches in the lining of the colon bulge outward through weak spots. When the pouches become inflamed, the condition can lead to bleeding, serious infections, small tears or blockages in the colon.
Henry Ford physicians looked at 1,668 patients, all who had undergone full colonoscopy and had an average risk for colon cancer. The case group (899 patients) included those with diverticulosis and the control group (769 patients) did not. The incidence of polyps was significantly lower in the case group, (223, 24%) compared to the control group (336, 43%).
A subanalysis for different polyp sizes and pathologies was also conducted. Polyps were considered high-risk if they were greater than 1 cm in size, or had tubulo-villous or cancer pathology. Subjects with diverticulosis had a significantly lower rate of high-risk polyps, (36, 4.1%), than those without diverticulosis, (76, 6.8%).


It’s our belief that effective platforms are key to delivering ML and AI at scale. These platforms support data science and ML engineering teams by allowing them to innovate more quickly and consistently. So what is a machine learning platform? A machine learning platform is a set of tools and technologies (backed by a set of practices and processes) established by an organization to support and automate various aspects of the machine learning workflow, including data acquisition, feature and experiment management, and model development, deployment, and monitoring.
Machine learning platforms come in a wide variety of forms. Until recently, they have primarily been found at large technology companies, which have developed their platforms internally, out of necessity, to support increasingly significant investments in machine learning. As the importance of machine learning has become clear to a broader array of enterprises, new commercial and open source ML platform technologies have become available to reduce the barriers to adoption and make the benefits of ML models more accessible.
Some of the benefits of an end to end platform are really also the benefits of MLOps generally, namely:
By abstracting across the experiences of many early platform builders and users, and identifying the capabilities that we see frequently recurring in the platforms that they’ve built, we have identified a core set of platform capabilities.
It’s important to note that these End-to-End ML Platforms encompass three other sub-categories:
In addition to the above, they generally include system-wide functions such as:


You Can’t Be What You Can’t See: Careers Education in Secondary Schools
Careers education should be a student-focused and comprehensive program that enables young people to make informed decisions about their desired career aspirations.
The National Youth Commission Australia (NYCA) has heard from young people who have had little careers education experience. It is not considered a core aspect of the curriculum, and the careers advisor role is seen as not sought after in schools.
Careers education in schools needs to be improved for the benefit of students as you can’t be what you can’t see.
The NYCA has 4 major recommendations for the career education programs in schools:
1) State, territory and non-government education systems need to ensure that all secondary schools within their systems implement a comprehensive careers education program.
2) State, territory and non-government education systems should ensure secondary schools start a careers education program for all students at the commencement of secondary school.
3) State, territory and non-government education systems should facilitate improvements to school-industry links and support these links with appropriate funding.
4) State, territory and non-government education systems should ensure that careers education is properly funded and that schools are held accountable for careers education by developing appropriate performance measures.
Read the full report today, and join our call to improve careers education in Australian secondary schools.


Seed Crop Production
Seed production is a growing industry in Yolo County, with a value of $53 million on 32,600 acres, up from $41 million on 25,000 acres in 2010 (Yolo County Crop Report, 2011). Seed crops grown in the Sacramento Valley include sunflower, onion, carrot, squash, cucumber, melon, cole crops, corn, peppers, root crops, safflower, sorghum, and tomato, alfalfa, beans, turnips oats, canola, native grasses, and flowers. UC research focuses on pollination ecology and integrated pest management. More information on seed production in California can be found through the following websites.
The California Crop Improvement Association (CCIA), a non-profit corporation, is officially recognized as the seed certifying agency under the California Seed Law. The mission of CCIA is to provide services and support research that promotes the improvement, production, distribution and use of superior quality seeds and other agricultural products. http://ccia.ucdavis.edu/
The UC Davis Seed Biotechnology Center, who’s mission is to mobilize the research, educational and outreach resources of UC Davis in partnership with the seed and biotechnology industries to facilitate discovery and commercialization of new seed technologies for agricultural and consumer benefit. http://sbc.ucdavis.edu/


- Name four safety precautions to be taken when sawing rocks.
- Name two types of diamond saw lubricating and cooling solutions and their purpose.
- Explain how a diamond saw cuts rocks, how it gets dull, and how it can be sharpened.
- Describe the five basic steps to follow in bringing a slab or a flat surface to a polish.
- What important precaution should be taken between each stage of grinding and sanding?
- What is a template, and how is it used?
- What is a cabochon, and what is the usual thickness of the slab from which it is made?
- How do you decide the best angle or position to slab a specimen?
- Explain two methods of wet sanding while shaping and polishing the rock.
- From what material are polishing compounds made? If a scratch appears while polishing, how is it removed?
- Saw, trim, properly dop, and carry a cabochon through the necessary grinding, sanding, and polishing stages to a high gloss or glassy finish.
- Mount the cabochon on some type of backing, such as a stick pin, sweater pin, key ring, etc., with cement.
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I walked a mile with Pleasure;
She chattered all the way,
But left me none the wiser
For all she had to say.
I walked a mile with Sorrow
And ne’er a word said she;
But oh, the things I learned from her
When Sorrow walked with me!
Robert Browning Hamilton
In the first stanza, when the poet refers to Pleasure we can see that that the personification of pleasure fulfils its attributes. Pleasure is presented as chatty, communicative and free to express herself. However, from this piece we can deduct that with pleasure nothing is really understood or grasped in her company. This is exemplified through the line ‘But left me none the wiser for all she had to say’.
In contrast, we are introduced to the personification of sorrow. She is the complete opposite of Pleasure as ‘she ‘ne’er said a word’. Yet, we are able to grasp that you can learn from sorrow in moments of silence, sobriety and sadness. There are lessons to be learnt when experiencing sorrow.
This pieces uses juxtaposition to teach a powerful yet simple lesson that learning does not take place with pleasure but in sorrow. Furthermore, this piece indicates that wisdom rests in the hearts of those who do not always speak. Although pleasure conversed yet she was not understood whilst sorrow did not say alot but important lessons were ‘learned from her’.
Finally, this poem is written as a quatrain which means it is a poem consisting of four lines. This is done to perhaps esteem the subject matter of Pleasure and Sorrow as equally important emotional entities. The rhyming pattern follows the structure of the second line rhyming with the last line. In both stanzas, this style of rhyme is honoured.
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GE is celebrating the 100th anniversary of the supply of its first synchronous condenser, and in November officially inaugurated a new SC at the Uchtelfangen substation at Illingen in the Saarland, Germany, where it will supply regional voltage maintenance in the power grid.
GE’s first SC, a 10 Mvar device, was supplied in 1919, when GE shipped the world’s first high voltage synchronous condenser to Ontario Hydro in Canada. The technology has made a ‘comeback’ recently as transmission networks around the world struggle to deal with weak grid conditions as a result of retiring legacy thermal generation units and the intermittency of wind and solar power. The technology, once considered nearly obsolete, has reinvented itself and now provides critical support to a transforming grid.
Installed at strategic intervals along a transmission system, SCs are electrical rotating electrical devices, similar to an electric motor, that can produce or absorb reactive power, a key factor in grid stability.
GE’s latest offerings have undergone many developments since 1919. The original 10 Mvar model has evolved over the past century to meet evolving grid demands. GE now offers units ranging from 20 Mvar up to more than 300 Mvar in a single piece of equipment. GE has supplied more than 200 synchronous condensers to utilities around the globe.


Death from cocaine is higher than ever, with 432 deaths in England and Wales in 2017 caused by the drug. This number has increased for the 6th year running and numbers have quadrupled in the past 7 years. This makes cocaine-related deaths higher than the amount of road traffic accident deaths in 2017.
The UK has the highest use rate than anywhere else in Europe, with it being the second most used drug in the UK after cannabis.
Cocaine is a strong stimulant and is mostly used recreationally. It has the ability to increase energy, decrease the appetite, and also give the user a sense of euphoria. It’s regularly used at parties and evening activities to make the user feel like the “life and soul” of the event.
Cocaine can be incredibly addictive and habit-forming due to the nature of the high. Eventually, users can feel they need cocaine just to get out of bed and give them energy throughout the day. Cocaine has a very short lasting effect, so users tend to take more in order to maintain the same levels of energy and euphoria.
It has some very dangerous side effects. In some cases it causes euphoria, but it can also cause paranoia and agitation, as well as aggression. It can increase the heart rate to such an extent it causes a heart attack. It can also raise the bodies temperature (hyperthermia), and cause brain damage. Even taking a low dose can make you 24 times more likely to have a heart attack. Taking alcohol or other drugs alongside it will further increase risks of side effects.
Cocaine is regularly mixed, or “cut”, with other substances such as powdered milk, painkillers or baking soda. In some cases, other cheaper stimulants such as caffeine or speed can be added to the mix in order to increase product density.
Emphasis is being put on finding out the reason behind the sudden surge in cocaine-related deaths, with many believing the cause could be the increased purity of the drug. This means it’s stronger, cheaper and more readily available to the public.
If you’re concerned about cocaine use in the workplace, we have multiple items that safely test for use. Call 01332 365318 or e-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.org for more information.


About This Course
A SERIES OFFERED BY THE CALIFORNIA KINDERGARTEN ASSOCIATION
With the rollout of UPK, early childhood educators will be expected to have a thorough understanding of how to create a dynamic, intentional learning environment for our youngest students. Teachers will gain a deeper understanding of educational theories, strategies, and best practices that will help them on their journey to become effective UPK teachers
Participants will have the opportunity to view multiple professional development sessions from the following list:
- Ready to Write: Ideas to Help with Fine Motor Skills in Young Children
- Playing and Learning
- Young 4s 101
- Assessment in the UPK Classroom
- Cross-Curricular Ideas and Activities: Gross Motor Skills AND…
- Creating and Adjusting a Classroom Learning Environment for Young 4s
- Teach Children Self-Regulation Skills through the Practice of Mindfulness
- Advancing Early Literacy Skills – Phonemic Awareness, Letter-Sound Knowledge, Blending and – Motivation
- Routines and Procedures in the ECE Classroom
- Interactive Writing with Young 4s
- Challenging Kids and Challenged Kids
- Difficult Behavior – Positive Discipline in the Classroom
- Games to Support Letter Knowledge
- Begin Your Day with Inquiry and Imaginative Play through Rise and Shine Stations
- Dice, Dominoes and Decks of Cards for the Eight Mathematical Practices
- Supporting Multilingual Learners in the Classroom
To qualify for 1 unit, teachers must watch a minimum of ten sessions. Each session is approximately 1 to 1.5 hours in length. After watching the sessions, participants will write a reflection for each session answering the following questions:
- What was your biggest takeaway from this session?
- What is something from this session that you will use in your classroom in the future?
- Was this session meaningful to you? Why or why not?
Participants should spend about an hour on each reflection.
ABOUT THE CALIFORNIA KINDERGARTEN ASSOCIATION
The Mission of the California Kindergarten Association is to foster children’s early learning and development by promoting best practices and professionalism in teaching and advocating for high quality, developmentally appropriate early childhood education. Learn more at https://californiakindergartenassociation.org/.


Optimal Transport theory is a rich and old field of study in mathematics, as it emerges from many very common real-life problems: Given a heap of sand and a hole in the ground, what is the least-effort way to fill in the hole? How to distribute the production of several mines into several factories? Recent advances in numerical schemes have further made practical uses of Optimal Transport possible in many contexts, such as applications to image processing and machine learning. CosmoStat members have contributed to the exploration of some of these new possibilities, and are exploring new exciting uses of Optimal Transport for solving long-standing problems in cosmology.
Point Spread Function
Every optical instrument, including the telescopes used in astrophysics, causes a slight blurring effect. Correct modelling of this effect, that is, of the instrument's Point Spread Function (PSF), is a key element if one hopes to correctly measure the effects of Weak Gravitational Lensing. This PSF is known to vary, not only depending on where within the instrument's view the objects are located, but also with the colour of these objects. However, these variations are known to be smooth - making the changes undergone by the PSF between a very low wavelength and a much higher one not entirely unlike the intermediary steps in the transportation of a heap of sand into a differently-shaped hole in the ground. For this reason, the use of Optimal Transport-based methods is an interesting prospect for the PSF Estimation problem.
Dictionary learning is a common method to learn an appropriate representation of data. In traditional approaches, one tries to find the best set of objects that can best reconstruct the dataset when added together - these objects make up the dictionary, and any new data similar to the dataset used can then be represented (or "translated") using that dictionary.
Instead of simply adding together the elements of our dictionary, one can instead use the Optimal Transport geometry. One way to think about this approach is that the dictionary we learn are some extreme states away from our dataset, which can be reconstructed as intermediary steps in the transportation between these extreme states.


This 2016 Swedish human study found:
“Time discounting significantly predicts criminal activity and that high discount rates predict crime more strongly at the extensive margin rather than for total crime. The link is much stronger for property crime and among males with low intelligence.”
The subjects were 13-year-old students in Stockholm County who were asked as a part of a school survey in 1966:
“If you had to choose between SEK 900 [USD 138] now versus SEK 9,000 [USD 1,380] in five years, what would you choose?
- Certainly SEK 900 now
- Probably SEK 900 now
- Cannot choose
- Probably SEK 9,000 in five years
- Certainly SEK 9,000 in five years”
A choice of Answer 1 to get something immediately and not get ten times the nominal value in five years corresponds to a 58.4% annual discount rate.
These answers to a hypothetical monetary trade-off were correlated to other measures such as intelligence and father’s income. However, the researchers didn’t investigate possible origins:
“We focus on the predictive value of time discounting and avoid claims about causality.”
We know from proper economic theory that time preferences are part of human nature. Discount rates and money don’t necessarily have to be involved because humans will value something today more than a similar item in the future.
I’d guess that most of the answers reflected conditioned behaviors. Did the 13-year olds who answered #1 even roughly calculate the problem? I wonder if they felt they would still be alive at age 18?
http://www.pnas.org/content/113/22/6160.full “Time discounting and criminal behavior”


Fight Food Waste
With a national target to halve food waste by 2030, OzHarvest is determined to fight food waste by reconnecting Australians to the value of food and make wasting food a thing of the past.
Food Waste Explained
Food waste is often overlooked in the climate change debate, but in fact, it’s a major contributor responsible for 8-10% of global greenhouse gas emissions. That’s more than the entire aviation sector! But there’s good news, reducing food waste is one of the most impactful ways to take climate action – and you can start today in the kitchen! Watch our Food Waste Explained animation to see what you can do.
Food Waste Facts
Educating others about the damaging environmental effects of food waste is part of solving the problem. These facts and statistics highlight the scale of the issue, globally and in Australia.
What To Do
You can start fighting food waste in your kitchen today, just by getting into some good habits. You’ll save food, money and the planet. So, what are you waiting for … find out more here!
OzHarvest is a recognised leader in Australia on the issue of food waste and regularly reviews the latest global and national reports to help understand this complex problem, in addition to commissioning our own research.
Our advocacy work aims to drive action towards achieving the national food waste target of halving food waste by 2030. We work with all levels of government to influence food waste policy and share our knowledge and expertise on the issue.


Researchers have identified a potential target to treat a painful and invasive form of endometriosis.
Endometriosis, particularly the kind associated with the ARID1A mutation, can be debilitating for many women and can often lead to infertility. Researchers from Michigan State University (MSU) have now identified a genetic target for this type of endometriosis.
The study, which has been published in the journal Cell Reports, could potentially lead to better treatments for women living with this form of endometriosis. Mike Wilson, a postdoctoral fellow in the MSU College of Human Medicine, and Jake Reske, a graduate student in the MSU Genetics and Genome Sciences Program, are first authors of the study.
When the gene ARID1A is mutated “super-enhancers” a part of the DNA that determines the function of cells, run wild, allowing the cells that normally line the uterus to form deep implants outside the uterus and cause severe pelvic pain.
Reske and Wilson tested a drug targeted a protein in the cells called P300. It appeared to target the super enhancers and stop the spread of endometriosis. The drug is part of a new type of treatment called “epigenetic therapy” that controls how genes are expressed, and could be far more effective than current treatments, including surgery, hormone therapy, and pain management.
“It can seriously impact women’s quality of life and their ability to have a family and work,” said Ronald Chandler, an assistant professor of obstetrics, gynaecology, and reproductive biology, who supervised the study. “It’s not easy to treat, and it can become resistant to hormone therapy. The most clinically impactful thing we found is that targeting super-enhancers might be a new treatment for this deeply invasive form of the disease.”
The MSU team collaborated with Van Andel Institute researchers, providing them with tissue samples for VAI scientists to analyse with a machine called a next-generation sequencer. The researchers already are planning follow-up studies to find other drugs that could target P300, Wilson and Reske said.


Félicette, the First Cat in Space, Finally Has a Proper Memorial in Strasbourg, France
The list of Earthlings that have survived the journey to space includes the name of a single cat. In 1963, Félicette made feline and human history when she was launched about 100 miles above Earth's surface by France's Centre d’Enseignement et de Recherches de Médecine Aéronautique, or CERMA. Nearly 60 years later, the world's first cat astronaut has been honored with her own memorial, Space.com reports.
Félicette was a stray living on the streets of Paris when she was discovered by scientists. After undergoing an intense training program—which included spending time in compression chambers, small containers, and a centrifuge— Félicette was chosen from a pool of other feline astronaut candidates to go to space. The mission was meant to demonstrate how the bodies of medium-sized mammals acted in a weightless environment.
After launching in a Véronique rocket from Algeria, the black-and-white cat spent around 15 minutes in suborbital space. She survived the journey and was recovered back on Earth, but two months later, Félicette died when scientists removed electrodes from her brain to study the neurological effects of space travel.
Félicette was the first cat sent to space and remains the only cat astronaut who returned to Earth alive. In 2017, creative director Matthew Serge Guy launched a Kickstarter campaign to honor the history-making feline with her own memorial. Laika, the first dog in space, has her own monument in Moscow, but no such statue had existed for Félicette.
After raising nearly $57,000, the campaign completed its mission on December 18 with the unveiling of the new Félicette memorial at the International Space University in Strasbourg, France. The bronze statue, which is situated in the school's Pioneer's Hall, stands 5 feet tall. It shows Félicette sitting on a globe of the Earth, looking up at what lies beyond.
Following the initial unveiling, Guy is considering hosting another event in honor of the 57th anniversary of Félicette's flight in October 2020. The Kickstarter backers and their guests would be invited to visit France to see the statue in person.


Einstein’s theory of general relativity showed us that time isn’t as straightforward as we once thought. Time can be experienced differently depending on the observer due to the constancy of the speed of light. Now, down here on Earth, we tend not to think about variations in time because they’re so minuscule. However, that changes once you’re moving at different speeds, such as when orbiting the Earth. The first test of general relativity showed that an atomic clock on the ground and one in the air moving at high speeds will record different times. So, how does this affect astronauts?
1. Scott Kelly was a human experiment showing the effects of space.
Scott Kelly spent a year in space, and scientists had a field day studying the effects of prolonged time in space on the human body. Even better, the astronaut has a twin, so part of the research involved comparing Scott and his twin to identify differences. One consequence of his time in space was that he came back younger than his twin...by about 5 milliseconds.
2. ISS astronauts experience two different types of time dilation.
Remember when we said we don’t really experience differences in time on Earth? That’s not exactly true. While the effects are minuscule, they are there due to gravitational time dilation. Gravitational time dilation essential means that time moves slower when the gravitational pull is stronger. So, a watch by your feet would eventually fall behind a watch closer to your head, because it’s closer to the Earth’s core and thus experiences stronger gravity. This form of time dilation is combined with relative velocity time dilation, which is what the atomic clock experiment was testing. ISS astronauts experience both gravitational and relative velocity time dilation. The relative velocity dilation is stronger than the gravitational one, thus astronauts experience time more slowly than those of us on Earth.
3. The implications of this as far as space travel goes are frightening.
We’ve all read about and witnessed the consequences of time dilation in our favorite sci-fi stories. An astronaut who ventures off into the far reaches of space comes back to find that everyone he knew is now either ancient or long gone. As we become more advanced and achieve more impressive feats in space, we’ll have to keep time dilation in mind.


If I walked up to a hive the same way I walked into a greenhouse when I was an IPM specialist for an ornamental horticulture company, I’d be expecting to have to look a lot harder for bugs. I’d walk between the rows of plants—or frames of bees—finding, identifying and noting down any insects, diseases […]
Category Archives: Pollinators
It’s no secret that there are many issues going on with our environment right now, from climate change to habitat loss, it can seem a little daunting to do anything to help. However, there are many simple things that you can do to help! One of the easiest ways to help the environment is to help […]
Around the world, people and communities are realizing how important pollinators are to our environment and livelihood. However, pollinators everywhere are in decline, due to climate change, habitat loss, and pesticide use. There are many ways we can help save our pollinators but one of the best ways is by creating a pollinator garden. Plant […]
Are All Wild Honey Bees Africanized? Here’s The Complicated Truth and How We Can Still Save Them.
You’ve heard the term “killer bees” and harrowing stories of thousands of bees attacking people. While some of these stories are true, most of the time they are extremely exaggerated. But what are these “killer bees” exactly? Africanized honey bees are a specific race of honey bee. This means they’re the same bees that make […]


Discipline: Ecology Environmental and Earth Sciences
Subcategory: Social Sciences/Psychology/Economics
Elvia Angelica Munoz - Humboldt State University
Co-Author(s): Emily True, Rachael Roberts-Toler, and Maxwell Martin, University of Massachusetts Boston, MA Steven Gray, Michigan State University
Promoting agricultural production while maintaining the longterm environmental quality of farm resources is a major challenge in a number of rural, small-holder farming communities. Many communities often rely on input-heavy methods, such as fertilizer and pesticide use, to increase crop yield in the face of a changing climate and economic conditions. As a way to address this issue, international NGOs have promoted farming practices known as Conservation Agriculture (CA), which includes changing farming behaviors to adopt the practices of minimum tillage, cover-cropping, and intercropping. These practices are intended to improve both crop yield and farm-based income, while also maintaining long-term soil quality and soil moisture. Although CA has been promoted globally by international and national NGOs for more than forty years, recent studies indicate that long-term adoption of CA is limited, and these promoted practices are often abandoned for traditional farming methods. We suggest the long-term nonadoption of CA is related to problems associated with current agricultural development practices that do not account for the current decision-making practices of farmers. Using case study data collected from 100 farmers in two villages in eastern India, we uncover personal differences in the decision-making practices of rural farmers who adopted CA practices in terms of their perceptions of environmental change, predictions about the impacts of conservation agriculture, and self-confidence in farming skill. The ability to distinguish the differences between adopters and non-adopters will improve the education and development of CA and provide insight into the different human -dimensions that influence the adoption of sustainable farming practices in small-holder farming communities.
Funder Acknowledgement(s): I would like to thank NSF through the Belmont Forum (Award Number 1429971) for funding this research. I also thank the director of the Coastal Research in Environmental Science and Technology CREST REU, Dr. Alan Christian and the staff at University of Massachusetts, Boston for providing the lab space to conduct the study.
Faculty Advisor: Steven Gray,


The Endosymbiotic Theory was proposed by Lynn Margulis and explains how mitochondria and chloroplasts arose in eukaryotic cells.
The endosymbiotic theory was proposed by Lynn Margulis in 1981 in a book entitled Symbiosis in Cell Evolytion. This theory explains how chloroplasts and mitochondria arose in eukaryotic cells.
→ The endosymbiotic theory
According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts were free-living prokaryotic organisms. These structures were engulfed by eukaryotic cells, which resulted in a symbiotic relationship, in which both involved benefited from the association.
Mitochondria were probably aerobic prokaryotic organisms, and chloroplasts were photosynthetic prokaryotes. These prokaryotic organisms provided energy for the cell that encompassed them, and the host cell provided protection from the external environment.
→ Points that reinforce the endosymbiotic theory
When analyzing mitochondria and chloroplasts, some characteristics show the similarity between these organelles and prokaryotic organisms, in addition to some points that reinforce the theory that these structures were encompassed in a process of endocytosis. Here’s some of that evidence:
I. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a double membrane, a result, probably, of the engulfment of these organisms. The innermost would come from the encompassed organism, and the outermost would result from the membrane of the organism that encompassed it;
II. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genome. The DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts is circular and without proteins called histones;
III. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are capable of self-replication;
IV. The ribosomes found in mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to those in prokaryotes and different from those found in eukaryotes;
V. Certain antibiotics cause changes in mitochondrial and chloroplast protein synthesis;
SAW. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to bacteria.


There is a lot of talk about cleaning air filters and ducts in order to improve the functionality of a basic HVAC. Even experts will tell you that this is a necessity, since sometimes the ventilation system can become clogged and lead to poor ventilation and less efficient function. But why would the HVAC be affected by this?
The answer is that any HVAC unit operates based on a thermostat, which basically determines what temperature the heating system should aim for. The device tells the HVAC whether or not it should keep pumping hot or cold air in order to adjust the temperature further. If the ventilation ducts are not properly cleaned from time to time, the air flow will be impaired, and the thermostat will naturally fail to register the temperature it otherwise would, since the heat isn’t transferred efficiently enough. The result will be that your HVAC has to work harder, and ultimately it will use up more energy and require more repairs.
The simple solution is to clean the ducts periodically to avoid clogging and maintain the unit’s functionality at an optimal level. Then the thermostat will eventually turn off your HVAC, when the temperature has reached an ideal level and your room is cool/warm enough. For repairs on HVAC systems call on licensed technicians with Https://pasterkamp.com.


Europe has experienced a boom in mobility over the last decades. To protect citizens and to ensure they are not lost in national rules, the EU has adopted community legislation covering passenger rights – across all transport modes.
Did something go wrong with your trip? Have you experienced delays and cancellations? Do you have special mobility needs? As an air, rail, ship or bus passenger, you have rights when travelling in the European Union.
EU passenger rights are adapted to each means of transport, but in essence, the rights that apply to all types of transport are comparable. They are based on three key principles: non-discrimination; accurate, timely and accessible information; immediate and proportionate assistance. These principles are the foundation for ten basic rights that form the core of EU passenger rights policy.
A very useful Passenger Rights smart phone application is available for all Windows, Apple (iPhone and iPad) and Android devices in 22 languages – the best way to have Your Passenger Rights at Hand!
More on air passenger rights | rail passenger rights | bus and coach passenger rights | ship passenger rights | rights of travellers with reduced mobility
A recent Eurobarometer survey (2014) has shown that only one in three EU citizens are aware of their passenger rights. In the video statement below, European Commissioner for transport Violeta Bulc explains that it is an important priority to make sure all Europeans know their rights travelling.


Human beings are made of primarily water, so we learn the health benefits of drinking water early in life. Low hydration levels can cause damage to multiple systems of your body, including your mouth.
Medical professionals recommend that patients drink eight eight-ounce glasses of water every day, which can preserve their oral health. Dr. Greg Reece, a dentist in Charlotte, NC, describes the importance of drinking plenty of water to keep your teeth and gums healthy.
Rinse Unwanted Residue
Drinking water can feel refreshing if you are thirsty, but it can also invigorate your oral hygiene. Brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing are crucial steps for your oral hygiene routine, but we consume items throughout the day that can contribute to plaque build-up.
A glass of water can rinse lingering food particles clinging to your teeth and gums after eating. If left alone, these substances can react with bacteria in your mouth to cause undesirable symptoms like bad breath and contribute to dental concerns such as tooth decay.
Fight Dry Mouth
Dehydration lowers saliva production in your mouth, which causes the uncomfortable condition known as dry mouth. This environment allows bacteria to spread more easily through your mouth and raises your risk for oral infections, like gum disease.
Patients with gum disease may notice swollen, sore, or bleeding gums, though some patients may not notice any symptoms of this infection. This condition can be treated with periodontal therapy, but advanced gum disease can create detrimental problems for your teeth, including tooth loss. Drinking plenty of water lowers the chances of this occurring.
Extensive Health Advantages
Water is one of the healthiest beverage options for your teeth, especially compared to soft drinks. It has zero calories and can contain fluoride, which strengthens teeth enamel, increasing their ability to fight dental issues.
It also does not contain sugar, unlike most soft drinks. Sugar contributes to tooth decay because it reacts with bacteria in your mouth to become acidic and eat away tooth enamel. Water is also colorless, so it will not stain your teeth like many dark-colored beverages that contain tannins can do.
Ensure you’re drinking enough and that a lack of water hasn’t impacted your smile. Call us or schedule an appointment online.


The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration is called Diffusion. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area with greater concentration of water to an area with less concentration. A Hypertonic Solution is a solution of a higher concentration of solutes and a smaller concentration of water molecules than another solution. However, an Isotonic Solution is a solution that contains an equal concentration of solutes and of water molecules, the same as another solution. A solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water molecules than another solution is called a Hypotonic Solution. A cell that has a Selectively Permeable Membrane has a plasma membrane that allows certain substances to pass through more readily than others.
From this I have come up with a hypothesis of what will happen with the 2 bags. The one containing fresh water and put into salt water will lose weight, based on a Hypertonic Solution stated above. However, the bag containing salt water and put in fresh water will gain weight based on the Hypotonic Solution also stated above.
1.First we folded one side of the membrane-like bag we were given and tied it shut over the folded part.
2.Then we filled it 2/3 full of freshwater and tied the other end shut, and weighed it.
3.Next we weighed it and put the bag into the saltwater.
4.After that, we did Steps 1, 2, and 3, except, we filled the bag 2/3 full with saltwater, weighed it, and put it into freshwater.
5.After about 30 minutes we went back and took both bags out and weighed them.
Before we placed the bags in the salt and fresh water we weighed them. The bag filled with freshwater weighed 18.3 grams and the bag containing the saltwater weighed about 23.9 grams. After they had soaked in their rightful waters for about half an hour we weighed them again. The freshwater weighed


Remember Me is All I Ask
This two-piece pottery grave marker was made for Nathaniel Kirkpatrick, a member of the family that owned Anna Pottery in Anna, Illinois. Ceramic is a not a common material used for grave markers, and this piece is particularly unusual in that it was created more to show the virtuosity and invention of the potters than to make a marker to last for eternity. Two popular motifs of 19th century grave markers were used: the urn and the tree trunk.
The urn harks back to ancient Greek funeral cremation urns. The interest in Greece and Rome—the Neo-Classical Revivals of the 18th and 19th centuries—inspired architecture and decoration that emulated these ancient cultures. The urn also suggests two literary passages: "ashes to ashes, dust to dust" from the Book of Common Prayer; and Keat's famous Ode to a Grecian Urn: "What leaf-fring'd legend haunts about thy shape / of deities or mortals, or of both."
A tree trunk or stump also represents death—a life cut down, often in its prime. Stonemasons carved limestone cemetery stones in the shape of tree trunks during the War Between the States for the graves of soldiers killed in battle.


The second time I went to the opera house was for the dance theatre “Bennelong”.
It’s about the life of an Aborigine called Bennelong who lived with the Eora tribe. At that time they conscientiously avoided contact with british newcomers. Bennelong was kidnapped and brought to the settlement at Sydney Cove in November 1789 to establish relationships with the indigenous populations. He managed to learn english and did much more awesome stuff which you can check out at Wikipedia.
In 1790, the governor built him a hut on what became known as Bennelong Point (now occupied by the Sydney Opera House).
Why we call Australia Australia?
The name Australia is derived from the Latin australis, meaning “southern” or Terra Australis (“southern land”). The name was popularised by the british explorer Matthew Flinders from 1804, and it has been in official use since 1817, replacing “New Holland” as the name for the continent. Flinders said it was “more agreeable to the ear, and an assimilation to the names of the other great portions of the earth”.
The name New Holland was first applied to western and north coast of Australia in 1644 by the Dutch seafarer Abel Tasman.
Except for giving its name to the land, neither the Netherlands nor the Dutch East India Company claimed any territory in Australia as its own. Although many Dutch expeditions visited the coast during the 200 years after the first Dutch visit in 1606, there was no lasting attempt at establishment of a permanent settlement. Most of the explorers of this period concluded that the apparent lack of water and fertile soil made the region unsuitable for colonisation.
On 22 August 1770, after sailing north along Australia’s east coast, James Cook claimed the entire coastline that he had just explored as British territory. Cook first named the land New Wales, but revised it to New South Wales.


There are a number of common problems that can occur when growing vegetables, such as pests and diseases, poor soil conditions, and weather extremes. However, by taking some simple precautions, you can avoid many of these problems and have a successful vegetable garden.
One of the most common problems faced by gardeners is pests. Insects such as aphids, caterpillars, and white flies can wreak havoc on your plants, causing them to become stunted or even die. To keep pests at bay, it’s important to regularly check your plants for signs of damage and to take action if you see any. You can also use traps or barriers to prevent pests from getting to your plants in the first place.
Diseases can also be a problem for vegetable gardeners. Common diseases include blights, mildews, and rusts. These diseases can often be controlled with the use of chemicals, but it’s always best to try to prevent them in the first place by growing healthy plants.
Another common gardening problem is poor soil conditions. If your soil is too sandy or too clayey, your plants may not be able to get the nutrients they need to grow properly. To improve your soil, add organic matter such as compost or manure. You should also make sure that your soil is slightly acidic, as most vegetables do best in an acidic environment.
Finally, weather extremes can also cause problems for vegetable gardeners. If it’s too cold, your plants may not be able to germinate. If it’s too hot, they may wilt or even die. The best way to protect your plants from extreme weather is to build a cold frame or hotbed. These are simply boxes that you can place over your planting area to regulate the temperature.
With a little planning and some basic knowledge, growing a vegetable garden from seed is not as difficult as it may seem. With just a few simple tips, you can produce a bountiful harvest of fresh, healthy vegetables that will add flavor and nutrition to your family’s diet.


C# and .NET Interview questions: - What is Thread.Join () in threading?
- By Shiv Prasad Koirala in C#
- Nov 8th, 2012
There are two versions of Thread join-
- Thread.join (Integer) this returns a Boolean value.
The Thread.Join method is useful for determining if a thread has completed before starting another task. The Join method waits a specified amount of time for a thread to end. If the thread ends before the time-out, Join returns true; otherwise, it returns False. Once you call Join, the calling procedure stops and waits for the thread to signal that it is done.
Example you have "Thread1" and "Thread2" and while executing "Thread1" you call "Thread2.Join ()".So "Thread1" will wait until "Thread2" has completed its execution and the again invoke "Thread1".
Thread.Join (Integer) ensures that threads do not wait for a long time. If it exceeds a specific time, which is provided in integer the waiting thread will start.
See this video on Debug Threads.
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Using chromium isotopes to reconstruct the oxygenation history of the oceans is challenged by modern data
Analyses of seawater chromium (Cr) concentrations and isotopes in diverse marine environments (Arctic, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans) reveal a strong correlation between Cr isotope composition (δ53Cr) and Cr concentration. High δ53Cr values and low Cr concentration reflect losses of isotopically light Cr in neritic environments. Contrastingly, open ocean waters with low δ53Cr values and high Cr concentration are hypothesized to reflect the addition of seawater-derived Cr released from marine sediments or settling particles. Although reductive removal of Cr in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) may explain low Cr concentrations in subsurface north Pacific waters, the heterogeneity in δ53Cr values in the modern (oxic) ocean entails that redox cycling of Cr isotopes in the ocean should be considered in future research.
Figure: Correlation between chromium concentration (as ln[Cr]) and δ53Cr (‰) illustrates that samples from several locations around the world plot on a line that is consistent with closed-system Raleigh fractionation. This fractionation is probably the result of reduction of Cr(VI) is shallow and surface waters, and oxygen minimum zones, and possible reoxidation of Cr(III) at depth; observationally, Cr is “added” at depth, resulting in higher concentrations and lower δ53Cr values, and is “removed” in the surface, resulting in lower concentrations and higher d53Cr values. Click here to view the figure larger.
Scheiderich, K., Amini, M., Holmden, C., & Francois, R. (2015). Global variability of chromium isotopes in seawater demonstrated by Pacific, Atlantic, and Arctic Ocean samples. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 423, 87–97. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.030


Water flowing from glacierised catchments in the Himalaya is a critical water resource for mountain dwellers in particular.
The flow of water that supports hydro-electric and irrigation projects in the mountain regions of India and Nepal is regulated by hundreds of large icy ponds on some of the world's highest glaciers, a study has found.
Researchers at Aberystwyth University in the UK have shown that the ponds, which form on debris-covered glaciers in the Himalaya, control the rate at which water from melting ice flows downstream.
With many covering an area of up to five times the size of an Olympic swimming pool, their hydrological role, specifically to the extent which they can store water on the glacier surface, has remained unknown until now.
According to Tristram Irvine-Fynn from Aberystwyth, the role of these ponds could become increasingly important as the region's climate changes.
"The hydrological role of ponds and debris may become more significant in the future. By understanding these processes we can become more confident in our predictions of water security and ecosystem response in the Himalaya," said Irvine-Fynn, who led the study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
"Runoff from glaciers in the local region is an important freshwater supply and is used for agriculture and hydro- electric power," said Neil Glasser from Aberystwyth University.
"Water flowing from glacierised catchments in the Himalaya is a critical water resource for mountain dwellers in particular, and impacts on flows reaching the lowlands too," said Glasser.
Irvine-Fynn and colleagues uncovered the hydrological function of surface ponds on Khumbu Glacier in the Everest region of Nepal.
The team monitored the melt-water runoff from Khumbu Glacier, which descends from Mount Everest, for nearly 200 days through the summer monsoon season.
The high-resolution measurements of water flow showed two unexpected patterns: first, the water volumes released by the glacier were out of phase with daily solar radiation, and second, temperature cycles and the rate of change in runoff after peak flow did not decline smoothly.
"The pattern of melt-water flow decline, or the 'flow recession', was really intriguing and did not seem to match the patterns that have been reported for clean ice glaciers in the Alps or Svalbard in the Arctic Circle," said Irvine-Fynn.


At Learning Dynamics we are dedicated to the ideal that literacy is attainable for every student. Learning to read changes the way your student(s) sees the world, and provides them the confidence to succeed at every level. Our comprehensive reading materials and activities provide teachers and caregivers with exactly what they need to help their student(s) begin to read.
This easy-to-use reading system
was developed, refined and tested during 17 years of classroom application with a variety of teachers and student populations.
Lessons are easy to use and only 25 minutes, three times a week. They learn letters and sounds (not in alphabetical order) through music and fun object lessons. As they begin learning the letters and sounds, they learn the blending concept and they begin reading words and books within the first 3½ weeks of beginning the program. With each new letter and reading rule, students practice only what has been learned.
Students have fun with appealing games, songs, and lesson activities in an easy first reading experience.
Then the reading experience is broadened to solidify skills and build self-confidence. Each student gets to keep 53 full color decodable books that go along with what they learn so they can build their own personal library at home!
Learning Dynamics Texas gives you everything you need to teach a child to begin to read, with our step-by-step approach.
“Learning Dynamics gave my grandchildren the confidence, the excitement, the actual enjoyment of learning to read. They want to do it. It’s intrinsic motivation!”
Steven Covey | Author


Overview of water industry services and their scope
Overview of water industry services and their scope: The water industry is the backbone of every lifeline on Earth. From drinking water services to wastewater services, this industry caters to all sectors of the economy, be it residential, commercial or industrial. However, it is important to remember that bottled water belongs to a completely different category of beverages related to the food sector of the country.
Industry opportunities and scope
The scarcity of fresh water for regular use is driving all sectors to treat wastewater for recycling, increasing attention to the role of wastewater management. It includes removal of suspended solids, oxidation and water disinfection. The water market can grow manifold through technological advancements and the cost of equipment required for processing.
In recent times, outsourcing has been proposed for those involved in the industry of smart water solutions. Regardless of the fact that the country is developed or not, the development of the water services market has always been promising. No matter the level of technological advancements and changes in the environment, there will always be a demand for water and water treatment equipment. Recently, the private sector is also moving to create water service companies with its own water industry services.
Global water market
The growing demand for water in the Asia-Pacific region has been driven by increased manufacturing and construction activities in countries. The impact of countries encouraging urbanization has also put pressure on water resources. The need to allocate resources for wastewater treatment processing has increased the demand for water in the region.
Meanwhile, demand for bottled water in the western regions continues to grow with increasing water consumption in the utility sector. African regions deal with water supplies of poor quality for consumption. Thus, there is huge scope for development of water industry services in these areas.
Water is one of the Earth’s most precious resources that must be used sustainably for our future generations. The saying “Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink” is true as only 1% of the world’s total water is suitable for human consumption. This brings us to the fact that due to human carelessness we are posing a threat to our water resources. This is evident from studies which show that the planet will run out of drinking water sources by 2030 if we do not take any action. Similarly, many countries of the world are facing severe water scarcity which is leading to death. As it is the future of our country, it is important that we conserve water today for a better tomorrow!


Coastal cities and places are struggling to find new solutions against the rising seas using: protection, adaptation, withdrawal or avoidance
Architectural solutions to climate change
Text and drawing by Frits Ahlefeldt, DrawnJournalism.com
All around the world the seriousness of sea level rise has moved up the concern barometer. It might be the most unknown climate emergency. And among others UN Director-General Antonio Guterres among others has called for action as rising seas threaten countless coastal communities and cities around the world. Coastal communities where over 900,000 million people live, and where only few knows about the changes that are coming.
Here are the four strategies often used to deal with sea level rise – Protection, adaptation, withdrawal or avoidance:
First options is to keep the water out with walls, dikes and pumps. Or with nature-based solutions such as dunes, rocks and barrier islands. These are classic and well-tested solutions. But unfortunately the reality of sea level rise can come to flood these fast
- Adaptation – accommodation
Second option is to change to more innovative new house types that can float, rise above the sea on stilts, or have visors and rubber hoses that can be inflated and protected in coming extreme scenarios.
- Withdrawal – retreat
If first and second options fails as sea levels rise, the third solution is to move places and even entire urban communities to higher ground. Around the world this is in full swing. With Indonesia’s capital Jakarta, with 10 million inhabitants and already partially below sea level, as the best-known example.
The last and most long secure option is possible where new living places are planned from scratch. Here it is possible to plan and build new places and cities high above, and at a good distance from the sea. Using new knowledge and understandings to keep communities and living places out of the flood zones as much as possible.
Sketching up some of the strategies and new climate architecture experiments that are being tested:
More drawn journalism climate change posts
Keywords: Rising seas, sea level rise, climate change, global warming, climate crises, drawnjournalism, visual journalism, illustration, drawing, news, tegnet journalistik, drawn journalism havstigning havstigning2023conf01


Self Working Card Trick Tutorials:
Sleight of Hand Technique Introduction, Tutorials & Resources
Sleight of hand — (also known as prestidigitation or legerdemain) are the base techniques used by magicians and card manipulators to control cards, coins and other objects covertly.
Understanding sleight of hand is the key to understanding magic.
Magicians Penn and Teller explain sleight of hand perfectly with this video clip below.
While Teller performs (silently), Penn explains the seven principles of magic…all sleight of hand techniques.
Sleight of Hand (Basic Principles of Magic) as described by Penn and Teller:
1. The Palm – To hold an object in an apparently empty hand.
2. Ditch – To secretly dispose of an unneeded object.
3. Steal – To secretly obtain a needed object.
4. Load – To secretly move an object to where it is needed.
5. Simulation – To give the impression that something that has not happened, has.
6. Misdirection – To lead attention away from a secret move.
7. Switch – To secretly exchange one object for another.
Rinse and Repeat.
Becoming a great card magician takes more than memorizing a few tricks.
You need to learn how to handle cards with confidence and master card sleights. Here are some for you to try.
The Glide. In this video tutorial gillymasta explains the sleight commonly known to card manipulators as “the glide”, as well as ideas on how to work this into a routine.
The Glide Video Tutorial:
False Cuts – Another handy sleight of hand card manipulation. There are tons of false cut techniques. Two methods are explained in the next video:
More Sleight of Hand Tutorials and Resources
Also see: Palming Cards | One Handed Palm | Hinge Color Change


Acrulog MST is Micro Sampling Technology
Micro sampling is taking a sample of 30ml or less of gas and being able to accurately generate the same result as that of a larger sample.
All Acrulog pumped loggers use micro sampling technology and the range includes H2S PPM monitor, H2S PPB monitor for low level detection and Dilution monitor for high level H2S environments.
Similar H2S Monitoring Systems
Generally, similar systems sample at two or more litres of gas per minute. As a result, they require large or complex conditioning systems and processes to treat the quantity of gas being handled.
Micro sampling overcomes a number of common issues experienced by normal sampling methods:
- With reduced amount of conditioning required before sampling, this overcomes the need for elaborate conditioning systems to treat large samples.
- Minimal exhaust, any exhaust from sampling unit will be considerably less due to the sample size.
- Greatly reduced sensor degradation.
- Energy efficient.
- Modular, compact design.
- Portable, easy to maintain and service.
- Moisture uptake reduced per sampling cycle.
Check out the pumped range of loggers at www.acrulog.com or give us a call to discuss how micro sampling technology can fit into your system.


Redwoods National Park | Michael Schweppe via Flickr
National Park Week, an annual event in the United States, begins this weekend on April 18! To celebrate, the National Park Service is offering free admission for guests to all national parks during opening weekend, April 18-19. If you live near a national park, this is a great opportunity to get outdoors and explore geology, earth science, and ecosystem biology.
Between the lower 50 states, Alaska, and Hawaii, the United States encompasses an incredible variety of biomes. A biome is a group of organisms that are often found in similar geographical and climatic conditions. Only China has as many different biomes as the United States: countries with large land masses like this encounter more variation in climate, an important distinguishing factor. American national parks protect some of the purest and most beautiful landscapes in a variety of different biomes.
National parks like the Grand Canyon, Death Valley, and Yellowstone might be the most familiar to the public, but don't forget about the other 56! The Everglades National Park in Florida protects wetlands and mangrove forests that are home to panthers, crocodiles, and manatees, while the National Park of American Samoa encompasses volcanoes, rainforests, and coral reefs. National parks also can serve as important protectors of heritage, such as Mesa Verde in Colorado, which was created to protect archaeological evidence of the Ancestral Puebloans who lived in the area between 600 and 1300 CE. Mesa Verde is home to the ruins of cliff dwellings such as Cliff Palace.
Take advantage of National Park Week this coming weekend with free admission to all national parks. And be sure to check out Science NetLinks' Celebrating Our National Parks collection for additional teaching and learning resources.


TopicsChoosing Child CareFamilies' RightsFamily & Community EngagementFinancial AssistanceLicensing & SafetyParenting & Child DevelopmentProvider ResourcesResource & ReferralSpecial Needs
The play-based learning philosophy is inspired by a child’s natural tendency to play. It helps kids grow because it meets the needs of the whole, unique child. It inspires children to come up with their own ideas and solutions. Purposeful play can be found in most early learning programs.
Active, playful, hands-on experiences foster a love of learning. The play-based classroom is set up with safe areas for exploration. Children can test their limits and abilities in a safe, low-risk environment. Learning in this way is entirely self-directed. Teachers and caregivers use “guided play” to introduce special learning skills alongside the child’s play. Children may play with a kitchen, a water station, a science table, and other toys or learning areas.
This kind of learning develops language skills, social skills, self-help skills, and motor skills. This type of learning also helps children learn problem-solving skills, and they become more resilient when things are challenging. When playing, children build skills to better manage difficult emotions.
Play-based early education helps children:
- Feel comfortable in a school setting
- Strengthen problem-solving skills
- Build better learning behaviors
- Learn from trial and error
- Develop empathy
- Develop reasoning skills
- Spark creativity and imagination
- Improve self-esteem and confidence
Play-based learning enables children to address their own needs and choose activities that benefit their individual learning styles. Since learning is fun, children have a better time grasping information. Play promotes interest, motivation, and mastery.
It’s believed that play makes it easier to understand more complex subjects like math and science. Early education play-based learning sets children up for future learning and success for kindergarten and beyond.


May 29, 2023
Originally published July 3, 2013
graphic by Ann Gifford, then at Air & Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
If you can't tell a planitia from a dorsum this may be a chart for you. Back in 1979 when Farouk El Baz was heavily involved with planetary nomenclature he had his colleague Ann Gifford create this illustrated guide to descriptive terms for landforms. These are terms used on Mars and other places as well as the Moon; in fact only about half of these descriptors were used for the Moon. Now the IAU recognizes 55 types of landforms - many from Saturn's satellites. This list was included as an appendix in the minutes of the 6th meeting of the IAU planetary nomenclature group held in Montreal in August 1979. During that meeting five new descriptor terms were introduced - flexus, linea, macula, regio and terra, and two others generally used were officially approved: oceanus and solitudo. Those who study lunar domes may recognize Ann Gifford's name. While a student at Brown University she coauthored with Jim Head the classic 1980 paper, Lunar mare domes - Classification and modes of origin.Ann published a number of other valuable studies, including an early paper with me on the Big Backside Basin, more commonly called the South Pole - Aitken Basin.
Note: I thank Brad Smith for reminding me of this nice resource.
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We want to provide you with information that may help you and your family. Here’s some information about what to watch with our loved ones during this uncertain time.
Did you know …
Symptoms of COVID-19 might exhibit differently in the senior population than in younger age groups. This has to do with how older bodies respond to illness and infection. While we are watching for fever, cough, and shortness of breath as common symptoms, seniors may exhibit the following symptoms:
- May seem “off” or not acting like themselves early on in the infection
- May sleep more than usual
- May stop eating
- May seem apathetic or confused and not oriented to their surroundings
- May become dizzy and fall
- May stop speaking
- May simply collapse
- May become suddenly incontinent
- Other atypical symptoms may include delirium, falls, fatigue, lethargy, low blood pressure, painful swallowing, fainting, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and the loss of smell and taste.
If someone has chronic illnesses, these can mask or interfere with signs of any infection. Some seniors have altered cough reflexes, especially if they have chronic pulmonary or neurological issues. If someone has cognitive decline, they may not be able to communicate the symptoms they are experiencing, i.e. dizziness, disorientation, inability to speak.
We all need to stay aware and alert to these symptoms in order to get someone tested early and to be sure anyone coming into the home is using appropriate PPE for their own and the senior’s protection. If someone exhibits unusual symptoms for a couple of days, reach out to your physician with questions and request an evaluation and possible testing.
Want to know more? Check out this article: https://khn.org/news/seniors-with-covid-19-show-unusual-symptoms-doctors-say/


Additionally known as impaired glucose tolerance or fasting glucose, prediabetes is outlined by blood sugar ranges greater than regular however not but within the diabetic vary.
In accordance with the Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention (CDC), regular fasting blood sugar is 99 mg/dL or decrease. Fasting blood sugar of 100 to 125 mg/DL signifies prediabetes.
About 38 % of Individuals over the age of 18 at the moment are categorised as prediabetic. Most of those persons are not conscious of their situation.
Early analysis is essential. Heart problems, which is the first explanation for loss of life amongst folks with diabetes, begins to develop within the prediabetic section. The danger can start to climb for 15 years earlier than sort 2 diabetes is identified.
Except folks with prediabetes take steps to scale back their danger, 5 to 10 % of them will develop sort 2 diabetes every year. In accordance with the Nationwide Institutes of Well being, inside ten years, as much as half of them will progress to full-blown diabetes, a number one explanation for blindness, kidney failure, amputations, and untimely loss of life from coronary heart illness.
A examine reported in The New England Journal of Medication exhibits that life-style adjustments and the anti-diabetes drug metformin are efficient at stopping or delaying sort 2 diabetes danger.
Within the examine, 58 % of these on a life-style program lowered their incidence of diabetes, in contrast with 31 % taking metformin. The approach to life program included a wholesome, low-calorie, low-fat food plan and exercising not less than 150 minutes per week with a 7 % weight reduction aim.
Medicine can be found for the therapy of prediabetes, however life-style adjustments are the first-line therapy of alternative.