Using Balloons to Build Consensus
Ferguson, Rebecca; Childs, Mark; Okada, Alexandra; Sheehy, Kieron; Tatlow-Golden, Mimi and Childs, Anna (2020). Creating a Framework of fun and Learning: Using Balloons to Build Consensus. In: 14th European Conference on Games Based Learning – ECGBL 2020, 23-25 Sep 2020, Brighton (held virtually due to COVID).
The relationships between fun and learning are far from clear. Some argue that the two are mutually exclusive, while playful practitioners draw attention to links with motivation, exploration and creativity. This is an important issue in the context of games-based learning – should fun be emphasised, or should it be set aside in favour of other elements? In order to explore the relationships between learning and fun, it is first necessary to understand the meanings of ‘fun’, a term that previous studies have shown is interpreted in several distinct ways. In this paper, we explore a new approach to researching fun and learning, the Consensus Workshop. This method was used to address two research questions: ‘What elements of fun do a group of educational practitioners identify within a Consensus Workshop?’ and ‘How do participants see these elements translating to a learning scenario?’ It was also used to explore whether a Consensus Workshop can be used to collaboratively create a taxonomy of fun, and to identify any practical and conceptual barriers to this being done effectively. Participants in a Consensus Workshop used balloons to help them construct two typologies of fun and its relationship to learning. We evaluate this approach and its outcomes, identify elements of a future typology, examine how understandings of fun are shaped by context, and consider the ways in which participants linked fun and learning. The study highlights the importance of context to understandings of fun, and also finds indications that studies in this area are limited by a tendency to focus on socially acceptable views of fun and its relationship to learning. It finds that a Consensus Workshop has the potential to be used to create a taxonomy of fun. In this initial trial of the method, educational practitioners identified multiple elements of fun and made a range of connections between fun and learning.


via University of Illinois Press:
Born shortly before the Civil War, activist and reformer Fannie Barrier Williams (1855–1944) became one of the most prominent educated African American women of her generation. In this first biography of Williams, Wanda A. Hendricks focuses on the critical role geography and social position played in Williams’s life, illustrating how the reform activism of Williams and other black women was bound up with place and space.
Growing up in Brockport, New York, a mostly white society that encouraged social equality and embraced her and her family, Williams was insulated from the political turmoil surrounding the debates about slavery and black rights. Hendricks shows how Williams became “raced” for the first time in early adulthood, when she became a teacher in Missouri and Washington, D.C., and faced the injustices of racism and the stark contrast between the lives of freed slaves and her own privileged upbringing. She carried this new awareness with her to Chicago, where she joined forces with women’s clubs, the Unitarian church, and various other interracial social justice organizations to become a prominent spokesperson for progressive economic, racial, and gender reforms.
By highlighting how Williams experienced a set of freedoms in the North that were not imaginable in the South, this clearly written, widely accessible biography expands how we understand intellectual possibilities, economic success, and social mobility in post-Reconstruction America.
Read more: UI Press | Wanda A. Hendricks | Fannie Barrier Williams: Crossing the Borders of Region and Race


Disaster recovery in Linux refers to the process of restoring a Linux server to a functional state after a catastrophic event, such as a hardware failure, natural disaster, or data corruption. The exact steps to recover a Linux server from disaster recovery will depend on the specific circumstances of the disaster, but some general steps to follow include:
- Identify the cause of the disaster and assess the damage. This will help you determine the best course of action to take to restore the server.
- If possible, shut down the server safely to prevent further damage.
- Create a backup of any important data on the server, if possible. This will help ensure that you don’t lose any critical information during the recovery process.
- If the disaster was caused by hardware failure, replace any damaged hardware components.
- If the disaster was caused by data corruption, try to restore the server from a recent backup.
- Once the server has been restored to a functional state, perform a thorough check to ensure that all services and applications are working properly.
- If necessary, reconfigure any settings or preferences that were lost during the disaster.
Overall, the goal of disaster recovery in Linux is to quickly and efficiently restore the server to a functional state so that it can continue to support critical business operations.


India’s space agency has time and again set world records and earned praises for operating on thin budgets. But one thing that many space enthusiasts in the country have longed for but haven’t seen getting materialised is a space station they could call their own. Could ISRO build one?
The answer is yes, according to AS Kiran Kumar, the chairman of ISRO, though the space agency isn’t convinced about whether building a space station or a manned satellite in the low orbit, is the best use of its time and energy currently.
“We still talk about what would be the immediate benefits of a manned space mission,” Kumar was quoted(opens in a new tab) as saying. “That is why the country has not made up its mind about when to invest in a space station,” he said.
Prioritization is important for ISRO, which is already conducting three times the rocket launches than its capacity, Kumar added. For instance, according to estimates, building and maintaining a space station like the International Space Station costs(opens in a new tab) about 100 billion euros -- over 100 times the annual budget of ISRO.
Not everyone agrees with ISRO’s approach, however. Former director of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, MYS Prasad had said(opens in a new tab) last year that the country should aim for long-term strategic goals while making a case for why we need a space station.
"It is time to look 10-15 years ahead rather than planning for incremental growth activities. Building our own space station will be beneficial on many counts and would also generate around 15,000 high-skilled jobs," Prasad, a Padma Shri awardee said last year.
Chatter about India participating in the International Space Station (ISS) have also been doing the rounds over the years. But ISRO continues to avoid programmes that are too costly.


Scientific Method Powerpoint
5th - 10th
Also included in
- These three resources were used during our introduction to the Scientific Method. I would go through the PPT, students would fill in the notes, and then would do the handout as a guided practice.Price $5.99Original Price $7.47Save $1.48
Powerpoint introducing Biology students to the Scientific Method. Includes examples and term list. Vocab includes: Problem, Hypothesis, Experiment, Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Control Variables, Qualitative Data, Quantitative Data, Analysis, Graphing, Conclusion, Theory.
Get the handout to go with the notes here: Scientific Method Notes: Companion Handout
You can see me go through these notes here:https://youtu.be/beWKBBup5jE
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Engineering Drawings Fundamentals introduces the fundamental concepts that are required to read, understand, and interpret engineering drawings used throughout the manufacturing industry. Presented in THORS’ highly visual and interactive learning format with many examples, this course assists learners in understanding and interpreting the views, different elements, and dimensioning methods used on engineering drawings.
Who will benefit from this Engineering Drawings course?
Companies, individuals, or educational institutions that require an understanding of the views, different elements, and dimensioning methods used on engineering drawings.
*THORS uses the Bloom’s Taxonomy Methodology for our course development.
Certificate Awarded for Engineering Drawing Fundamentals
*upon successful completion
6 common misconceptions about training
Training is one of the most important tools for growing in one’s chosen career. Participating in continued learning and career advancement training programs will ensure
Understanding Engineering Drawings for Hydraulics
How are Engineering Drawings for Hydraulics Different from Regular Engineering Drawings? Engineering drawings have many symbols that are standard and carry over from industry to
5 Reasons Why a Culture of Learning can Lead to Success
Learning is continuous. After all, there are always new skills to learn and techniques to adopt. A culture of learning in an organization can also


Food pests and their extermination
Food pests are pests that destroy food stuffs by eating them or contaminating them with their faeces. You can find them in crisp bread, flour, spices, cookies and other dry food, for example.
The pests are usually brought into homes in store packages. They can reside either on the outer surface of the package or inside it. The pests may have gotten in the packages already at the mill or the wholesale company.
Pests are quite common and you should not be alarmed by them. Pests do not usually carry any diseases. If the food is contaminated with the foul-tasting and smelling excretion of the destructive flour beetle, it can no longer be eaten.
The occurrence of food pests is not dependent on the cleanliness of the apartment, but it is easier for them to habit and reproduce in untidy households. If you see any pests, you should inspect all dry food stuffs, also unopened packages, and throw out the contaminated food.
If the abovementioned measures are not sufficient, pesticide should be applied. Pantries should be emptied out, as well as other kitchen cupboards. After this, all shelves (cupboards, baseboards, etc.) should be vacuumed and the vacuum cleaner’s dust bag changed. At the same time, it is also good to clean the back of the oven and other spots, where dirt and breadcrumbs may be left and which are not cleaned as often as rest of the kitchen. The pesticide is spread over the wall surfaces and the shelves inside the cupboards. When using pesticides, remember to adhere to the instructions given by the manufacturer/importer.
You can carry out the extermination by yourself. Please remember not to use too much pesticide, as it will not become any more effective and some substances may leave yellow stains behind. Some of the pesticides have a long-term effect, so you should leave them on the surfaces for as long as they are effective.
Tip: Food stuffs that have been brought from aboard (such as spices) may include insect eggs, which start to develop inside warm apartments. If you bring spices with you or receive them as gifts, you should place them in the freezer for three days.


Emmaus in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Erected 1966 by Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission.
Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Colonial Era • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers. In addition, it is included in the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission series list. A significant historical year for this entry is 1734.
Location. 40° 32.462′ N, 75° 29.192′ W. Marker is in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, in Lehigh County. Marker is on Main Street. The marker is located in front of the library. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Emmaus PA 18049, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 4 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Jasper Park Indian (approx. 2.3 miles away); Indian Jasper Quarries (approx. 2.4 miles away); Allentown (approx. 2.9 miles away); Band City U.S.A. (approx. U.S.S. Allentown (approx. 4 miles away); U.S. Submarine Veterans of World War II (approx. 4 miles away); USAACS Sons & Daughters World War II Memorial (approx. 4 miles away); West Park Centennial Time Capsule (approx. 4 miles away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Emmaus.
Also see . . . MarkerQuest - Emmaus. Historical information and photographs about Emmaus. (Submitted on October 7, 2020, by Laura Klotz of Northampton, Pennsylvania.)
Credits. This page was last revised on October 9, 2020. It was originally submitted on July 12, 2015, by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Maryland. This page has been viewed 354 times since then and 66 times this year. Last updated on September 28, 2020, by Laura Klotz of Northampton, Pennsylvania. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. submitted on July 12, 2015, by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Maryland. • Bill Pfingsten was the editor who published this page.


A new Netflix documentary, Chasing Coral, is about to hit the world’s small screens.
The University of Queensland’s Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg was the chief scientific adviser on the documentary, which starkly records and reveals the impact of climate change on the world’s coral reefs.
Emmy award-winning filmmaker Jeff Orlowski’s film follows a team of divers, photographers and scientists on the epic ocean adventure.
Professor Hoegh-Guldberg plays a starring role in the documentary along with UQ marine scientists Dr Pim Bongaerts, Dr Manuel Gonzalez-Rivero, Professor Justin Marshall, and other world-renowned coral reef experts.
Professor Hoegh-Guldberg said the documentary was a powerful way to reveal the impact climate change is having on our reefs.
“This is as much about the emotional side of reef losses as it is about the compelling science behind this planetary emergency,” he said.
For the past three years, Jeff and his team have followed the work of The Ocean Agency, revealing the global bleaching event and its impacts on the world’s coral reefs.
Audiences will witness the painful process as the team invent the first ever time-lapse camera to record coral bleaching as it happens. The effort is anything but straightforward as the scientists doggedly battle technical malfunctions and the force of nature below the waves.
With its breathtaking photography, nail-biting suspense, and startling emotion, Chasing Coral is a dramatic production.
The film is the result of more than 650 hours spent underwater; footage from volunteers in 30 countries, as well as support from more than 500 people from across the world.
Chasing Coral premiers on Netflix today, and was produced in association with Argent Pictures, The Kendeda Fund and in partnership with The Ocean Agency and View Into the Blue.


Samuel: A Doing Test
1 Samuel 12:1-6, 19-25
Three positive checkmarks and one question mark as we evaluate Samuel's life:
1st checkmark: Samuel called the people to put away foreign gods and to follow Yahweh wholeheartedly (1 Samuel 7:2-6).
2nd checkmark: Samuel was a person who led with personal integrity (1 Samuel 12:3-5); he didn't use his authority for his own personal gain.
3rd checkmark: Samuel taught the people and prayed for them (1 Samuel 12:23).
Question mark: Why did Samuel appoint his sons as Israel's leaders if he knew that they were unjust and greedy? Notice the fact that his sons turned away from God does not imply that Samuel was somehow a bad parent. This question asks why he appointed people who were bad leaders.
Questions for personal reflection:
1. Are we wholehearted in our devotion to Jesus?
2. Are we calling our friends and neighbors to be wholeheartedly devoted to God?
3. Are we living with personal integrity with those around us?
4. Are we praying for each other and for the people around us, and are we teaching them?
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often found along North Americas seacoasts and coastal rivers,
this large, bulky bird has a huge bill with a deeply expansible
skin pouch in its lower mandible. It has a gray-brown body, whitish
head and red-brown neck with white stripe. About 42 to 54 inches
in length, and weighing eight to ten pounds, the brown pelican
can have up to a seven foot wingspan.
pelicans are unique in that they dive from the air for their food.
Sighting their prey while in flight, they often plunge dive from
heights of 20 to 50 feet to capture fish. Upon water entry the
pelican lifts its upper mandible and opens its pouch outward to
form a scoop. Once fish are trapped inside its pouch, the pelican
shuts its bill and bobs to the surface. After waiting for water
to drain from its bill, it swallows the fish.
on the ground, pelicans are magnificent flyers capable of sustained
soaring flight over great distances. In normal flight, they sail
and glide, breaking the rhythm from time to time with slow-motion
flaps of their wings.
Text © 1993 Dianne Harrah, Drawing ©
1993 Bill Harrah


Yoga stress management is a skill and a process that is an essential part of a yoga practice. In order to learn this skill, you need to look at the mental state of your mind in order to define the area where the problem lies. The moment you are able to identify the area where stress is present in your life, you can then do away with the stress and move on with the yoga practices.
A session of yoga stress management is needed to help you stay relaxed during stress. Yoga courses teach you how to be more relaxed by increasing blood circulation, lowering the heartbeat and breathing techniques. These two are very essential for calming your mind. Meditation or prayer helps a lot during yoga practices.
A session in yoga practices helps to reduce stress as it helps you bring in positive thoughts and eliminate negative thoughts. You need to concentrate on the muscles in your body to create more space between them. At the same time, you also need to slow down the heart beat and breathe deeply. Also, you need to focus on the breathing process so that all the body parts can relax.
Apart from yoga stress management, meditation is also a necessity. A session of meditation can help you to purify your mind and body. This removes all the unnecessary and unproductive thoughts from your mind and body. Another important aspect of meditation is to keep the mind focused on a single object.
Along with yoga practice, meditation is essential. Meditation is an ancient art that has been practiced by mankind for ages. It helps to get rid of stress because it releases tension in your body. When the mind is relaxed, it is able to function properly and can easily focus on different areas of your body.
For yoga session, the focus should be on your physical posture. Asanas are poses that help the body to move freely and efficiently. In yoga, you should keep your knees straight and your body upright. Your arms should be above your head.
Your wrists and hands should move in a small range of movement. If the fingers are not kept above the head then you will find that your concentration is disturbed. This is what happens when you don’t exercise in yoga exercises.
The idea behind yoga session is to have fun while practicing yoga, get rid of stress and find a solution to it. Through practicing and doing these two things, you can easily manage stress in your life.


Clermont-Ferrand was home to a Christian community since the 4th century and a Jewish community even earlier, and it was here in that the First Crusade was launched in 1095. The city, which unifies the towns of Clermont and Montferrand, has lost some of its medieval charm in the pursuit of industry (it's the home of Michelin tires), but it is still worth stopping by for two main attractions: a soaring Gothic cathedral made of black volcanic stone and filled with medieval stained glass; and the beautiful church of Notre-Dame-du-Port, a Romanesque gem from the 12th century. Clermont has a population of 140,700 in the city center and works well as a base for exploring the Auvergne region.
Located in the Auvergne region of central France, Clermont Cathedral is a striking Gothic edifice made of black lava stone. Inside it has beautiful medieval stained glass windows, frescoes, and an old crypt.
Built in the early 12th century, this beautiful Romanesque church has an apse decorated with multicolored stone, carved portals and capitals covered in sculptures.


Our teeth may be strong and deeply rooted, but at the same time they are sensitive and need to be handled ever so carefully when being cleaned and maintained. Knowing the best way to take care of them is important, but knowledge of things to avoid doing, can be just as powerful (if not more at times).
Here are some things to avoid doing, or if you currently do them to consider stopping, in order to promote stronger and healthier teeth:
This is something that may be impossible for some people to stop, or even cut back doing. Besides making you jittery, consuming too much coffee will cause your teeth to stain. Teeth whitening can reverse the staining, but preventing it from happening in the first place is an easier solution.
Ice Cubes and other Hard Objects
They may be excellent at chilling a warm drink, but shouldn’t be bitten on by themselves. If one begins a habit of biting on ice cubes or other hard objects, there is an increased risk of chipping and/or breaking teeth. Unlike the ice, that wouldn’t be cool at all.
This applies more to children, but can affect adults as well. Constant sucking of the thumb can cause teeth to become misaligned and create unwanted dental issues.
The best repetitive action you should get into involving your teeth is brushing, flossing and rinsing!


(1881–1945). While building a distinguished career as a professor of drama at Columbia University, U.S. playwright Hatcher Hughes wrote dramas inspired by his rural North Carolina upbringing. His play Hell-Bent fer Heaven earned him a Pulitzer prize in 1924.
Hatcher Hughes was born on Feb. 12, 1881, in Polkville, N.C. In 1909 he earned a master’s degree at the University of North Carolina. Hughes began concentrating on drama through his association with Columbia University, where he became a lecturer in 1910. He formed a theater company and developed courses there as well. He was named assistant professor in 1928.
Hughes’s first success as a playwright came in 1921 with Wake Up, Jonathan, a play he cowrote with Elmer Rice. His greatest achievement, Hell-Bent fer Heaven (1924), was inspired by the lifestyle and religious beliefs of the Appalachian population of North Carolina.
The mountains of North Carolina were also the inspiration for Hughes’s next drama, Ruint (1925). Hughes saw his first play, a comedy originally titled A Marriage Made in Heaven (1918), finally produced in 1927 as Honeymooning. Two more comedies, It’s a Grand Life (1930) and The Lord Blesses the Bishop (1934), were not enthusiastically received. Hughes is therefore remembered primarily as a serious playwright, as well as a highly regarded professor of drama. He died on Oct. 17, 1945, in New York City.


We had small bees working diligently to pollinate the Pink Lady and Granny Smith apple trees at the ACT Beekeepers Field Day yesterday. It was wonderful to watch how carefully the children brushed the pollen onto each of the flowers and then buzzed over to the other tree to ‘cross pollinate’ it. Their wonderful help was rewarded with a delicious new season organically grown apple.
I was searching for more information about apple tree pollination and came across a fascinating report about Fruit Pollination and Technology in China and the effectiveness of different species of bees (8 different species of Honeybees, bumblebees and Asian bees) for pollination of apple and pear trees in a range of localities. In SW China, the cultivation of apple and pear trees is growing each year, however due to environmental degradation and overuse of pesticides the number of wild pollinators has seriously declined and there are places where hand pollination has to be done which adds greatly to the costs. Not only is artificial pollination (people pollenating) more expensive, it is not nearly as effective as using particular species of honeybees. “Using bee pollination for apple and pear, Zhao Zhonghua et al. found that fruit yield was more than 20 higher than artificial pollination and the average production of each acre was 224.4 kg, 335.3 kg with the increase rate of 8.7 and 11.3 ”3.2
All in all, it certainly seems that bees know best how to pollinate and it’s up to all of us to provide environments where they can thrive. Go to ACT for Bees Gardening for Bees resources and find out more about the best plants for your region and how to provide a year round bee banquet for your locals.


What is Symbian OS
Symbian is a mobile operating system (OS) and computing platform designed for smartphones and currently maintained by Nokia.The Symbian platform was created by merging and integrating software assets contributed by Nokia, NTT DoCoMo, Sony Ericsson and Symbian Ltd., including Symbian OS assets at its core, the S60 platform, and parts of the UIQ and MOAP(S) user interfaces.
In December 2008, Nokia bought Symbian Ltd., the company behind Symbian OS; consequently, Nokia became the major contributor to Symbian’s code, since it then possessed the development resources for both the Symbian OS core and the user interface. Since then Nokia has been maintaining its own code repository for the platform development, regularly releasing its development to the public repository.Symbian was intended to be developed by a community led by the Symbian Foundation, which was first announced in June 2008 and which officially launched in April 2009. Its objective was to publish the source code for the entire Symbian platform under the OSI- and FSF-approved Eclipse Public License (EPL). The code was published under EPL on 4 February 2010; Symbian Foundation reported this event to be the largest codebase transitioned to Open Source in history.
The All over Model contains the following layers, from top to bottom:
- UI Framework Layer
- Application Services Layer
- Java ME
- OS Services Layer
- generic OS services
- communications services
- multimedia and graphics services
- connectivity services
- Base Services Layer
- Kernel Services & Hardware Interface Layer


According to data the Central Bureau of Statistics issued on Monday, the day before Independence Day, Israel has a population of 9,727,000 people.
Among them, 73.5% identify as Jewish, 21% as Arab, and 5.5% as non-Arab Christians, adherents of other faiths, or those who have no religious affiliation listed in the Population Registry.
Israel’s population increased by 216,000 individuals, or 2.3%, from the previous Independence Day. 183,000 newborns were born during that time, 79,0000 immigrants entered the country, and 51,000 individuals passed away.
Israel had 806,000 residents at the time of the state’s founding.
The population is projected to grow to 11.1 million by 2030 and 13.2 million by 2040. Israel’s population is expected to reach 15.2 million in the country’s centennial year.
More than 3.3 million people have immigrated to Israel since its founding in 1948, of whom 1.5 million (43.7%) did so as of 1990. Over 3,300 of the 60,000 Israeli citizens who are still alive today were born before the year 100.
According to data from the 2021 Social Survey, 89% of Israelis aged 20 and over are content or very satisfied with their lives.
The Jewish state will start commemorating Memorial Day on Monday night and promptly herald in its 75th Independence Day the following day.


This most interesting surname is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and is an English locational name from any of the places so called, widespread in England; for example, Sutton in Bedfordshire, which appears as "Sudtone" in the Domesday Book of 1086. These placenames derive from the Olde English pre 7th Century elements "suth", south and "tun", an enclosure or village, a common placename element in England. Hence, the name means "the settlement of a main village". The surname dates back to the Domesday Book of 1086 (see below) while Alnod Suttuna was recorded in 1086 in Cambridgeshire in Ancient Records of Ely.The surname appears a number of times in the 1379 Poll Tax Records of Yorkshire as "de Sutton", the "de" prefix meaning "of". Interesting namebearers include Oliver Sutton (deceased 1299) bishop of Lincoln, 1280 - 1299, who joined Archbishop Winchelsey in resisting the taxation imposed by Edward 1 in 1296; Thomas Sutton (1532 - 1611) founder of the Charterhouse, London, who was thought to be the richest commoner in England; & Robert Sutton (1594 - 1668) first Baron Lexington, who fought on the side of Charles 1. Families named Sutton were granted a total of forty-nine Coats of Arms. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Ketel de Sudtone, which was dated 1086, in the Domesday Book of Lincolnshire, during the reign of King William 1, known as "William the Conqueror", 1066 - 1087. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022
Enjoy this name printed onto our colourful scroll, printed in Olde English script. An ideal gift.


Rapid urbanization has promoted house renovations and refurbishment in urban and rural cities. Indoor pollutants emitted through renovations and refurbishment processes have raised public concerns owing to their adverse effects on human health. In the present study, the sources of formaldehyde and specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are used to model the health effects associated with exposure to formaldehyde and specific VOCs and the loading factors of building materials for newly renovated homes. The present study is carried out to identify the sources of formaldehyde and specific VOCs in newly renovated houses and develop probabilistic prediction models of the health effects to explore the health risks of residents and the potential contributions of multilayer wood materials responsible for indoor pollutants. In living rooms and bedrooms, the average concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOCs in closed window conditions were higher than those in opened window conditions. Multi-layer wooden structures were a significant predictor of indoor VOC concentrations in houses. The 95 percentile values of Monte Carlo simulations (MCS P95) of the hazard index and cancer risk were lower and slightly higher than the acceptable level, respectively. Prediction models for the concentrations of formaldehyde and selected VOCs in newly renovated houses were first established using probabilistic and sensitive approaches. The multi-layer wood materials, including the wooden floor, cold paint multi-layer wooden materials, and multi-layer materials for system furniture, were responsible for the contribution of these levels of formaldehyde and selected VOCs in the newly renovated houses. Our results provide a strategy for eliminating indoor pollutants emitted from construction and building/furnishing materials.
|出版狀態||Published - 2022 5月|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes


It was discovered by a team of scientists in China the new traces of the impact of the water on the crystals
a Chang’e 5 (CE5) mission, according to a study published in the special journal “Nature Geoscience”.
A group led by Professor Sen Hu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that these crystals are probably a new reservoir of water on the Moon, marking the entry and exit of water generated by the solar wind and acting as buffers to the lunar surface water cycle.
As the publication mentions, surface water from this satellite arouses the interest of the scientific community due to its potential to be used “in situ” by future space exploration missions.
After many lunar missions have confirmed the presence of a water structure or a type of ice on the Moon, there is no doubt that the star contains the element on the surface, although much less than the Earth.
Scientists believe that water resources have yet to be identified that have the ability to counteract the lunar surface water cycle, that is, to retain water on the satellite and not escape into space. One of the members of the Chinese team proposed that these impact crystals, a ubiquitous presence in the lunar soil, could be a candidate for these investigations of “unidentified waters or reserves”.
Crystals collected by the Chang’e V mission, which landed in December 2020 to collect lunar samples for two days before returning to Earth – have “light chemical compositions and surfaces”.
Their abundance of water is peculiar, and their composition shows that this probably arises from the winds of the sun. These crystals acted as a “sponge to moisten the surface of the lunar water cycle,” according to the researchers’ conclusions.
“These findings indicate that impact crystals on the surface of the Moon and other terrestrial bodies in the Solar System can store water derived from the solar wind and dissolve it into space.” Professor Hu is shown.
The Chinese university study was done in collaboration with Nanjing University, the Open University, the Natural History Museum, the University of Manchester and the University of Science and Technology of China.


The agency found 10 patients across four states who fell sick with the omicron variant within three months of a previous infection from the delta variant between October 2021 and January. The timing intervals between infections ranged from as few as 23 days to up to 87 days.
Seven of the patients were unvaccinated. Only one of the remaining three was considered “up to date” on their shots by CDC standards.
The report documented a small pool of reinfected individuals who were relatively young, so its findings “might not be generalizable to the U.S. population,” researchers stated. The median age of the group at first infection was 11 years old.
“Nonetheless, this study highlights potential limits of infection-induced immunity against novel variants,” they continued.
Nine of the patients were symptomatic during their first infection. Of the data available for eight of the patients during their second infection, six were symptomatic during reinfection.
The report concluded that “although the epidemiology of COVID-19 might change as new variants emerge, vaccination remains the safest strategy for preventing future SARS-CoV-2 infections.”
Reinfections became especially more common during the surge of the omicron variant, which sent coronavirus cases and hospitalizations to record levels. However, early reinfections have not been well studied and not much is known about their occurrence.
A small Danish study published in February suggested that the omicron subvariant BA.2, or “stealth omicron,” can reinfect people shortly after they recover from the more common lineage of omicron, though the occurrence is “rare” and is seen “mostly in young unvaccinated individuals with mild disease not resulting in hospitalization or death.”
Due to rapid tests taken at home and limited capacity for strain testing in general, “most early reinfections are likely not identified,” the CDC report stated.


Globally, the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to remain high despite the implementation of numerous research and prevention strategies. The number of new HIV infections in adults worldwide has not declined since 2010 (USAIDS, 2016). While significant progress has been made in the United States since the discovery of HIV/AIDS in 1981, new infection rates continue to remain higher than expected.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) there are approximately 1.2 million people in the United States infected with HIV, with new diagnoses estimated at 39,513 in 2015 (CDC, 2016). Of these cases, homosexual men accounted for 67%, while African American men having sex with men (MSM) disproportionately made up the largest number of new diagnoses compared to other racial or ethnic communities in the United States. Additionally, the report identified African American heterosexual women as an at-risk population. Although the number of new HIV diagnoses among this group declined from 2004 to 2014, African American heterosexual women accounted for a higher proportion of HIV cases compared to other women of other races or ethnicities (CDC, 2016).
While transmission of HIV among high risk populations continues to remain problematic in the United States, the introduction of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) treatment is one prevention method that both health care providers and individuals at risk should consider. This article will review the current guidelines for prescribing PrEP and explore possible barriers for both provider and patient regarding increased utilization for prevention HIV treatment.
- DPLA rights
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About 479 BCE the Athenians began minting the silver tetradrachm
during rebuilding of Athens after they defeated the Achaemenid Army
of Xerxes I
during the Second Persian invasion of Greece
The obverse of the coin depicts Athena
, the goddess patron and protector of Athens, who was associated with wisdom, handicraft, and warfare.
The reverse of the coin depicts the owl of Athena with the inscription AΘE, an abbreviation of AΘΗNAΙΩΝ (the Athenians). In daily use Athenian drachmas
were called glaukes (γλαυκες, owls). The owl has traditionally been associated with wisdom because of its ability to see in the dark, where others may not be able to see.
In Roman mythology the owl became associated with the Roman goddess Minerva
In September 2020, when it seemed appropriate to find a symbol to serve as a logo for HistoryofInformation.com, the logo needed to be small and relatively square to fit into the space available in the upper left corner of the screen. Logos of websites are typically placed there so they remain visible when the website occupies screens of different sizes from cell phones to tablets to large monitors. I noticed that the ancient Athenian silver tetradrachm was a squarish coin, about one inch in diameter, containing Athena's owl on the reverse. To create the very clear outline version of the tetradrachm an artist redrew the coin as a composite of several original tetradrachms available on the Internet.
The classical Greek depiction of Athena's owl on the tetradrachm symbolizes the goals of HistoryofInformation.com to organize and present historical data in order to gain insight from study of the past. As a symbol of the ancient Athenians, it reflects significant culture of the past, and as Hegel wrote
, "the owl of Minerva spreads its wings only with the falling of the dusk"—meaning that philosophy comes to understand a historical condition just as it passes away.
Philosophy appears only in the "maturity of reality," because it understands in hindsight."


Our teeth undergo changes as we age, making them more vulnerable to oral health problems. The most common issues adults face are cavities, severe gum disease, and tooth loss. These problems can affect our teeth, gums, overall health, and quality of life.
One of the best ways to prevent cavities and gum disease is by practicing good oral hygiene habits.
Eating a balanced diet low in sugar and calcium can also help keep your teeth and gums healthy.
If you are already experiencing tooth decay or gum disease. A dentist may recommend fillings, crowns, or root canal treatment for cavities. At the same time, deep cleaning or gum surgery may be necessary to treat gum disease. In severe cases of tooth loss, dental implants can be a viable option.
Regular dental checkups at Spanish Fork Dentistry are also critical for maintaining good oral health. Our dentists can identify early signs of dental problems and recommend proper treatment to prevent them from getting any worse. This can help prevent more severe health issues linked to poor oral health, such as heart disease or stroke.
Taking care of our oral health is crucial to maintaining good overall health and quality of life. So take care of your teeth and gums and smile bright for a healthier, happier life.
#DentalHealth #OralCare #SpanishForkDentist #BestDentistNearMe #WoodlandHillsDentist #DesignsByCAS #SalemDentist
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To prepare for this Discussion read Chapters 1 and 2 of the course text and review the websites provided in this week’s Learning Resources. Review the media presentation “Impact of Environmental Health.” Select two articles from your local news media (newspapers, magazines, and local online forums) that identify environmental health conversations and concerns in your region. Think about how historical events have affected the world today. Reflect on the potential environmental health concerns and how they connect to past events.Post a brief summary of the two articles you selected that identify environmental health concerns in your region. Then describe the environmental factors that influence human health with regard to these articles. Discuss any key developments in environmental health history that may have impacted the events in your articles. Finally, describe any correlations between the events.Readings:https://class.waldenu.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/USW1/201810_03/BS_PUBH/PUBH_3000_WC/artifacts/USW1_PUBH_3000_week1_Healthy_Housing_Inspection_Manual.pdfhttp://healthyhousingsolutions.com/hhtc/http://www.neha.org/
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Way back in 1977—the year Star Wars came out, British Airways launched Concorde SST service between London and New York, and Jimmy Carter signed legislation creating the Department of Energy—NASA published an exceptionally forward-looking report called “The Role of Aerospace Technology in Agriculture.” Its purpose was to figure out how to feed a ballooning world population given the Earth’s limited resources—using space-age technology. Oddly enough, amid high-minded discussions about the aerial application of chemicals and remote-sensing systems, was tucked this suggestion: Perhaps humans could subsist wholly—or partially—on a diet of krill.
The succinct proposal clearly fell to the wayside and remained buried in the NASA report until we happened upon it recently. It got us thinking: What if we humans had actually embraced this notion back in the day and had become a race of krill-eating beings? Was this forgotten report from the 70s a viable proposal for saving the future of mankind?
Krill, of course, are the tiny, shrimp-like crustaceans that are found near the rock bottom of the food chain. They feed on phytoplankton and—because they are protein-rich—are a primary food source for larger fish, which eventually get eaten by us. Although some nations certainly do make use of krill as a food stuff—the Japanese call it okiami, and Norwegians eat krill paste with crackers—in most of the world, krill is just used as fish feed in aquaculture. Vitamins are also made with their oil, and certain enzymes found in krill are used in various food and medical products. However, not eating them is understandable, too—krill are quite salty, and each crustacean’s hard exoskeleton must be removed before being eaten because it contains contains fluorine, which is toxic in high enough concentrations. But still, if humankind’s sustainability problems could be saved by krill, maybe we should figure out a way to use them as sustenance. Who needs Soylent or crickets if the oceans are filled to the brim with underutilized krill, right?


The HCG Diet
The dietary decisions we make every day play a significant role in how our body decides what to do with the food we take in: whether we burn it as energy or store it as fat to use later. These decisions influence our metabolic rate and ultimately determine whether we lose or gain weight.
There are multiple hormonal factors that influence whether the body will burn fat or store it. It was once thought that losing weight was simply a mathematical equation – eat fewer calories than are burned and you will lose the difference. However, many people who try to make healthy food choices and are physically active are still unable to lose weight. This frustrating situation is primarily due to an altered metabolic set point hampering their ability to burn stored fat.
In addition to balancing the endocrine system, a powerful tool the CLEAR physicians use to beneficially alter this set point and to re-establish the brain’s connection with the fat burning hormone leptin is the HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) Diet.
Patients have a transformative experience with the HCG Diet program. They often experience a fundamental shift in the way they relate to food and nurture themselves, gaining greater insight into any unhealthy patterns. Although patients can lose significant weight quickly the support they receive and insights gained through the program allow these changes to last.


Welcome to the Five More Universal Constants section of our Measuring Pi Squaring Phi web site.
Besides proving the true value of Pi (both geometrically and physical measurement), after squaring the circumference of a circle to the perimeter of a square, we have discovered at least five more universal math constants that show a universal constant relationship between Pi and Phi. If we describe our newly discovered true Pi as Pi1 = 4 / sqrt Phi = 3.144605511…, we could name these additional constants Pi2, Pi3, Pi4, Pi5, and Pi6 (π2, π3, π4, π5, and π6). Their respective values are:
- Pi1 = 4 / sqrt Phi = 3.144605511… (circumf of circle / diam of circle)
- Pi2 = sqrt Phi = 1.272019650… (diam of squared circle / side of squared square)
- Pi3 = sqrt Phi / sqrt 2 = 0.899453721… (diam of squared circle / diagonal of squared square)
- Pi4 = sqrt Phi = 1.272019650… (area of squared circle / area of squared square)
- Pi5 = 2/3 sqrt Phi = 0.8480131… (surface area of squared circle / surface area of squared square)
- Pi6 = 2/3 Phi = 1.078689326… (volume of squared circle / volume of squared square)
The following Excel video spreadsheet shows the details of the above relationships between the attributes (radius, diameter, circumference, area, etc.) of each of the circles and their respective squares (side, diagonal, perimeter, area, etc.) that were “squared” (circumference to perimeter).


Today I will be discussing on applications, advantages, and disadvantages of tungsten inert gas welding TIG. This welding is also known as Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Previously, an article was published on what is TIG welding. Check out!
Understanding tungsten inert gas welding (TIG)
The followings are the applications of tungsten inert gas welding:
- It is widely used in aerospace industries
- Industries use TIG welding on the thin workpiece, especially nonferrous metals
- It is used in the manufacturing of space vehicles
- TIG welding is suitable on small diameter, thin wall tubing, making it applicable in bicycle industries
- It is used to repair and manufacture works
- The process is used to repair tools and die, especially ones made of aluminum and magnesium.
Some material applications of TIG welding include:
Stainless steel, alloy steel, aluminum, titanium, copper, magnesium, nickel alloys
Read more: Understanding flux-cored arc welding (FCAW)
Advantages and disadvantages of TIG welding
The following are advantages of TIG welding.
- It produces high-quality welds
- It is protected by the inert gas during the process
- TIG welding does not produce slag
- It can be performed in any welding position
Despite the great benefits of TIG welding, some limitations also occur. The followings are the disadvantages of TIG welding
- Offers a slow welding process
- High skilled labor is needed
- Operation cost is much expensive
- Welders exposure to high intensities of light
Read more: Understanding shielded arc welding (SMAW)
That is all for this article, where the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of TIG welding are being discussed. I hope you understand the reading, If so, kindly share with other students. Thanks for reading, see you next time!


Teaching of reading in a bilingual setting : exploring the strategies spanish and english teachers use to teach reading
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Maldonado Ramírez, Yeisy Vanessa
This study aimed to identify the reading strategies used by both Spanish and EFL primary teachers in two bilingual schools in Colombia and to analyze if those strategies significantly vary between them. Data were examined from an interpretive qualitative stance and gathered through document analysis and interviews. Results evidenced that at the beginning of the lesson, Spanish and English teachers use similar strategies such as asking questions, showing students the cover of the book, and asking students to make predictions. Both types of teachers also do read-aloud activities, ask questions, and focus students’ attention on the vocabulary of the text while reading. At the end of the lesson, Spanish and English teachers often assign individual activities, encourage their students to ask questions, ask students’ opinions about the text, and give suggestions to their students about how to improve. When comparing the strategies, there are some aspects that vary. English teachers told students which skills they would be working with in class, employed activities that draw students’ attention to sounds, and taught students how to locate specific information in the text with graphic organizers. However, there are more reading strategies that are not used by these teachers which may help students to improve such as analyzing text structure and doing peer-learning activities. It is recommended that these teachers show students how to use these and other strategies on their own since explicit instruction of reading strategies is crucial if teachers want students to have better comprehension levels.


50 Lessons After 50:
Most people seek fairness and can tolerate criticism if it is fair and focused on helping them grow
Interesting studies on fairness have shown the ontology of the two forms of fairness differ quite significantly. The recognition that an event or behavior is unfair to me is universal and is well developed at an early age. This sense of fairness seems unaffected by social mores or the type of environment in which children mature. In contrast, the recognition that an event or behavior is unfair to others develops much later and is influenced by the social mores and the environment in which children mature. Arguably, the most egregious example of this is slavery. Most children who had grown up as masters in an area in which slavery was the norm, developed a less robust and flawed ability to recognize unfairness to others. Sociopaths never develop this form of fairness or they simply don’t care.
In organizations I have led, I emphasized that the indivisible unit of value is the individual and that leaders and managers had no right to be deliberately unfair to an individual no matter how important the justification and that I believe deeply. It is also a slippery slope. If you can justify being unfair to an individual in one instance, it is likely that you will do it again. More importantly, the people you lead will see your behavior and the required trust will be lost. I believe that to be consistently fair, one must err on the side of generosity to all, but to be deliberately generous to one individual is, by definition, unfair to others in the organization.
by Dr. Stan Crooke
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During college application times, parental pressure is a topic that has impacted and caved into a lot of students’ minds, a conversation that not many parents are willing to comprehend. Today we will be tackling this subject and asking questions. Do parental voices influence the choices of their children? If so, how does it honestly impact their options?
As kids uncover their brains for a profession that will contribute to their futures, they will encounter positive or negative opinions from their parental figures. By the ripe age of 17, students have to choose a degree that they are interested in implementing into their daily lives. Most adolescents will pick a career they are passionate about or one their parents want, no in-between. When the influence of those judgments comes from someone who they look up to for validation, it can create emotions that will affect their life choices and lead them to follow a path they might resent in the future. This pressure can cause misunderstandings within themselves and make them question what they should do.
So yes, parental voices do impact the decisions their kids make. It makes them question and overanalyze their opportunities. Most likely, they will end up listening more to what their parents say and not to their desire. Even though parents probably do this with their best intentions, it sets unrealistic expectations for their children to reach. Parents should understand where their kids are coming from before neglecting their choices. Instead, they should help them find their talents and skills to help them make their own decisions and find a way through life. Advising and supporting instead of deciding for them or controlling them will have a greater influence and calm them through this stressful moment.


Open Science refers to the unfettered dissemination of the results, methods and products of scientific research. In short, open science is about making research results "as accessible as possible and as closed as necessary". Creative Commons, Open science, Open data: if the terms may be familiar to you, their meaning and applications may remain unclear.
To find out more about Open Science, go to the University Library (BU) of Bourget-du-Lac from October 24 to November 4 to discover the exhibition "Can science be closed and open at the same time?designed by the SCD of the University Paris Diderot. This exhibition is part of theInternational Open Access Week 2022.
The exhibition will also be installed on the Jacob-Bellecombette campus from November 8 to 18, and on the Annecy campus from November 21 to December 3, 2022.
And for those who want more information, please contact your BU teams!
INTERNATIONAL OPEN ACCESS WEEK : WHAT IS IT ?
Open Access Week is an invaluable opportunity to connect the global momentum for open knowledge sharing with the advancement of policy change and the importance of social issues that affect people around the world. The event is celebrated by individuals, institutions, and organizations from around the world, and its organization is guided by a global advisory committee.
Chosen by the Open Access Week Advisory Committee, this year's theme is an opportunity to come together, take action, and raise awareness about how open access enables climate justice. This year's focus on climate justice aims to encourage connection and collaboration between the climate movement and the international open community. Sharing knowledge is a right, and addressing the climate crisis requires the rapid exchange of knowledge across geographic, economic and disciplinary boundaries.


EFFECTIVENESS OF FUNGI TO REMOVE NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN DOMESTIC WASTE WATERDWI RATRI MITHA ISNADINA, NURINA FITRIANI, NITA CITRASARI AND AGOES SOEGIANTO
Fungi served decomposed of organic compounds present in the wastewater with low pH conditions, growth of bacteria was inhibited and they survived under low pH conditions, limited nutrition, and low temperatures. Fungi not only produced antibiotics that have a role in reducing the growth of bacteria and pathogens, but they also increased biodegradation. This microorganism also removed the nutrient both phosphate and nitrogen. This research was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of fungi to treat the domestic waste water containing liquid cleaning materials. The fungal isolates that used in this research were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium solani. The average percentages of phosphate removal in reactors with the addition of fungi and without the addition of fungi were 70.8% and 69.6%, respectively and the average ammonia removal percentage were 90.2% and 89.5%, respectively. The fungi addition on the domestic wastewater treatment had no significant effect on nitrogen and phosphate removal. The presence of the acidic atmosphere affected the performance of microorganisms in decomposing wastewater because not all microorganisms can survive in the atmosphere.
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Ok, do you have a goal you want to achieve? Is there a certain objective to achieve? In this article, we will help you find steps to put your plan into action.
Below, we will give you the best ways to start your plan of action. We love to see all succeed in what they love to do!
1. Define the Problem
In order to begin to put a plan into action, we must first identify the problem your having. Is there something that is difficult to achieve or accomplish? A problem is the relation between human will and reality. When will and reality do not coincide, the resolution of this gap between reality and will is the solution of the problem.
A problem implies a desired outcome coupled with an apparent deficiency, doubt or inconsistency that prevents the outcome from taking place. The problem and solution text structure may seem like it would be easy to recognize, but it can be moderately difficult to identify because it is frequently confused with the cause and effect pattern of organization.
2. Write a Goal for Each Solution
Specifically indicate what you need to accomplish. Make sure it clearly state what you’re supposed to achieve and how long you have to achieve it. Identify a single key result for each objective. Identify costs—dollars, time, materials, equipment.
Make your day more productive and manageable. Feel happier and more positive. Goals are essential to your development and success. Goals are the targets toward which you point your life. Goals give you a starting point and a destination to reach.
3. Implement The Solutions
Finding a solution does not mean that the problem is solved. You still need to implement the solution, and that requires a plan of its own. Even the best solutions often fail because of ineffective implementation.
In order to do this, you need to ask yourself: What will happen? Who and what will be affected? What resources are required? What are the Timescales, Deliverables, and Risks. Can you convince others that the solution you’ve identified is a good one?
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The internet has revolutionized the world of electronics, allowing people to easily design and build their own Arduino circuits. With the help of modern technology, anyone can now make Arduino circuit diagrams online with ease.
Making an Arduino circuit diagram is a relatively straightforward process. You’ll start by laying out the components on the breadboard, then connecting the power and ground wires to the correct pins. Once you’ve got the connections correct, it’s time to draw the circuit diagram. Depending on the complexity of the project, it can be done in a few easy steps.
First, you’ll need to create a blank canvas for your design. You can do this using a variety of online tools such as Fritzing or Circuit Diagrams. These provide a drag-and-drop interface that makes it easy to lay out your components and draw the lines between them. Once you’re finished, you can save your diagram as a PDF or image file, ready to be shared with others or printed out for use.
Making an Arduino circuit diagram online is a great way to quickly create circuits that otherwise would take hours of manual wiring. Whether you’re a novice hobbyist or a professional engineer, these tools provide an easy and efficient way to bring your projects to life.
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Scenario: A 6-month-old is referred to physical therapy from an early intervention program with a diagnosis of Down syndrome. The parents report the infant was diagnosed in utero and was born at full term; otherwise, the pregnancy and delivery were uneventful. Parents were both over the age of forty. Upon examination, the infant is hypotonic and not yet rolling. In prone, the infant can achieve prone on elbows but not yet prone on extended arms. In supine, the infant exhibits decreased activity when reaching against gravity or kicking the legs. There is a mild head lag when pulled into sitting and mild trunk flexion when supported in sitting. The infant does not take weight on the legs when held in supported standing. As a result, direct physical therapy services are recommended.
Question: What is generally the highest priority for physical therapy goals with this population?
- Stability & Balance
Answer with rationale: Strength. Building the strength of the back extensors will help with prone skills and postural deficiencies. Working on the strength if the neck flexors will assist with decreasing head lag during pull to sit, and with activities in supine. Facilitating leg strength will assist with creeping, crawling, cruising, and bearing weight through the legs.
Children with down syndrome will present with ligamentous laxity, therefore they will not need to work on increasing mobility or flexibility. Building strength will also assist in creating stability to counteract ligamentous laxity.
Balance and stability will also be key parts of rehabilitation for this child, but will increase more steadily once strength has been improved.
For more information see Chapter 238 Down Syndrome in the Color Atlas of Physical Therapy.
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Maritime work is often dangerous and hard. Because of this, many maritime workers suffer injuries as a result of occupational hazards.
The following are just a few of the common accidents workers face when working on a ship.
1. Slip-and-fall injuries
It’s very likely that a maritime worker may suffer from a work-related slip-and-fall injury. The surface of a ship deck is often covered in water and rain, which can make it especially slick. While workers often wear special gear to prevent them from falling, it can still happen. A slip-and-fall accident is often minor, but it can lead to broken bones and concussions. An injury such as that could lead to someone being unable to work.
2. Falling from a great height
Some workers slip and fall to their feet. However, a slip and fall may also occur when a worker is standing on a catwalk or gangway. If the worker falls from the catwalk or gangway, then they could suffer more injuries because of how high the drop was.
3. Mechanical accidents
If there’s a sudden mechanical issue on a ship, it could lead to fires or explosions. Workers who are in the vicinity of these mechanical issues could suffer burns and other severe injuries.
4. Chemical exposure
Ships transport a variety of different goods, including oil and other chemicals. Workers could be exposed to chemicals if a cargo containing hazardous substances suffers a puncture during shipment. Skin exposure or inhaling chemicals can lead to many physical and mental illnesses.
5. Vessel disaster
In some cases, a ship may no longer remain afloat. This could happen in a number of ways, resulting from a collision, leaks or strong waves. When this happens, it’s considered a vessel disaster. Ship workers may be injured in a number of ways because of a vessel disaster. For example, if a ship takes on water, it could trap workers. Or, a capsized ship may leave workers stranded in the water, which could lead to severe medical conditions.
As a maritime worker, it’s important to know that accidents such as the above may cause injuries that are eligible for benefits that may be able to help you recover from your injuries and return to work.


The Bajo people who live in the coastal areas of Gorontalo Province are in the villages of Bajo Tilamuta, Boalemo Regency and Bajo Torosiaje Village, Pohuwato Regency. Most of the Bajo people depend on the sea for their lives. This research was conducted in June 2017, in the village of Torosiaje, Pohuwato Regency. The purpose of this study was to find out the local wisdom of the Bajo tribal people in Torosiaje village, Pohuwato regency. The research method is by direct observation and in-depth interviews with structured questions. The technique of collecting data is an interview guide or schedule questionnaire, and is described qualitatively descriptively. People who inhabit the coastal area of Bajo village have beliefs or customs in utilizing coastal resources. The Bajo people have local wisdom such as tradition, rules, taboos, culture, which are still valid for generations. As in the case of determining residential areas both in the waters (stilt houses) and those around the coast where the percentage of people who still maintain these customs and traditions is 83%, while Bajo tribal wisdom in maintaining wealth marine and the sustainability of marine ecosystems are 95%, for the tradition of prohibition or abstinence in the sea which still retains the culture is 83%.
Keywords : Local wisdom, Coastal communities, Bajo tribe, Torosiaje.


You should know about Neurodivergence
What is Neurodivergence? A quick read about Neurodivergence
More than half a century ago, the campaign for equal rights and social justice led to a more inclusive environment in society. People belonging to minorities and other diverse groups were given equal opportunities in school and the workplace. Discrimination against them was prohibited, and society educated people to eliminate biases and prejudices against them.
The stigma attached to the minorities, marginalized, and discriminated against were slowly being erased. As the fight for diversity and inclusion gains further ground, more and more people who were once stigmatized fought for their rights, too, resulting in broadening the spectrum of diversity and inclusivity.
Among those who successfully fought for their rights were the stigmatized people who had psychological or mental disorders. The fight against stigmatization resulted in inclusion and acceptance into the society of people once characterized as having suffered from mental disturbance.
The fight against the stigmatization of those people is a fight for “neurodiversity.” But what does neurodiversity mean? And who are the people that stand to benefit in the continuing fight for neurodiversity?
Neurodiversity and Neurodivergent
Check out the latest jobs from diversity and inclusion companies
Diversity-Equity-Inclusion Program Coordinator @ Samaritan Health Services
PCORI is hiring lots of roles
Senior Assistant County Counsel - General Counsel @ Washington County
As a person Black woman, who continues to experience social, institutional, educational, criminal injustices and inequality I found your opening statement to be over reaching and highly inaccurate. Equality, and inclusion remains as a barriers to the under represented people and the fight have not stopped as the issues have not been addressed adequately. And while I agree that oppression of any kind is horrible. I find it insulting for you to make a statement as if the fight for equality for BIPOC communities is over. To join the two takes away the focus the emotions and experiences of those that are still in the fight for their rights. That is an injustice of its own.


Pacific Dampwood workers measure around 3/8" to 3/4" long, and are cream to tan in color. The soldiers are 3/4" long and have a flattened brown or yellowish brown head with elongated black mandibles. Swarmers are reddish brown with brown wings.
The Pacific dampwood termite is the largest termite in the Bay Area. This termite does not extract water from the ground, but they do have high moisture requirements and are often associated with wood decay.
There is no true caste system with dampwood termites. The workers are in charge of gathering food, colony expansion, caring for the queen and all immature stages. All work is performed by immature soldiers and reproductive swarmers. Soldiers are the defenders of the colony. Their primary enemy is ants, usually carpenter ants. Due to the size of their mandibles soldiers are unable to feed themselves.
They have small swarms periodically throughout the year. Dampwood termite swarmers are attracted to light and it is common to find them caught in spider webs near exterior lights. Workers & Soldiers are usually found in tree stumps and fallen tree branches. On structures they can be found in leaky roofs, leaky windows, leaky tubs or showers, sub areas with inadequate ventilation or plumbing leaks, or even old wood decking.
Dampwood termite fecal pellets are larger than drywood pellets and because they require high moisture they are not loose. They will use their pellets to block off their galleries if needed.
Eliminating the high moisture from the structure is the key to control the dampwood termites.


The news is full of stories about ice caps melting, volatile weather and other dire consequences of climate change. The National Geographic Channel is hyping its upcoming series Six Degrees Could Change the World with promotional material including frightening images of likely consequences.
So, at first glance, it was heartening to see an article in Platts titled Timing of Carbon Control Measures Will Be Critical: EEI’s Kuhn. Could Thomas Kuhn, president and CEO of the Edison Electric Institute, be saying that immediate steps must be taken to reduce carbon dioxide emissions? Could Kuhn have recognized that the world has to reduce CO2 emissions starting NOW to avert runaway climate change? Could he be urging utilities to be receptive to a carbon tax?
Sorry, no. Kuhn’s concern in the story is that utilities be able to meet any carbon control mandates without adverse effects "such as increased strains on natural gas supply and demand." Concern about climate change never came up.
Photo: Silversprite / flickr
John Kirriemuir says
The other pictures of glaciers from that set are here on Flickr:
Daniel Rosenblum says
Wonderful pictures! Thanks, John.


- Lady Nwadike, MS
Plant Power: What Are Terpenes?
You likely have heard of cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). They are usually the star players when discussing all things cannabis.
But how about terpenes? These compounds do exist and play an important role in the cannabis plant’s health benefits. Understanding the therapeutic effects of specific terpenes can help you find the right cannabis product for your health needs.
Lemon, lavender and many other plants contain terpenes. Terpenes are aromatic molecules that help give certain plants their distinctive smells. These compounds also have therapeutic benefits. Cannabis also contains many familiar terpenes, including linalool and limonene. These terpenes add to the plant’s therapeutic benefits.
Some of the most common terpenes found in cannabis are listed below. It’s important to note that plants can contain multiple terpenes.
Myrcene: Commonly found in cannabis strains/chemovars as well as in basil, lemongrass and ylang ylang. Myrcene helps promote sleep and may also reduce inflammation.
Limonene: Well-known for providing a mood lift while reducing stress and anxiety, all by elevating serotonin levels in the brain.
Linalool: Shown to reduce anxiety and depression, while also improving sleep quality. Linalool is also being tested in clinical settings to help reduce pain and nausea following surgery.
Pinene: Found in evergreen trees, and also in many cannabis chemovars, pinene has anti-inflammatory and respiratory benefits.
Beta-Caryophyllene: Found in black pepper, oregano, and cloves as well as cannabis. Beta-caryophyllene (also referred to as “caryophyllene”) is unique among terpenes found in cannabis, because it can bind directly to CB2 receptors which are located throughout your body. Caryophyllene is being studied for its impact reducing inflammation and pain, as well as its potential to protect age-related cognitive decline.
Alpha-Caryophyllene (Humulene): Also found in hops, humulene works together with caryophyllene to reduce inflammation. It also can suppress appetite.
Our understanding of how these plant compounds contribute to the therapeutic benefits of cannabis is growing every day.


Everybody has a preference for when a banana is perfect. But does the nutrition of a banana change as it goes from green and firm to brown and soft? In short, yes. Let’s take a look at what happens:
🍌Starch and Sweetness - Green bananas are full of complex carbohydrates and as they ripen they’re broken down into simple sugars which makes them sweeter.
🍌Glycemic Index - A riper banana that has lower starch content and a higher amount of sugar can be digested quicker, but that means it’s higher on the Glycemic Index.
🍌Antioxidant Levels - The brown spots on a ripe banana are from the chlorophyll breaking down into antioxidants. Green bananas do not have these antioxidant properties.
🍌Calories - Even though lots of other things change, the calories stay the same in a banana whether it’s green, yellow, or brown.
🍌Digestion - A ripe banana is easier to digest, but a more green banana is higher in resistant starches that you can’t digest and act as prebiotics.
🍌Potassium - Potassium amounts pretty much stay the same regardless of the ripeness of a banana.
🍌Vitamins and Minerals - Micronutrients like vitamin C, thiamin, and folic acid decrease as a banana ripens.
5/31/2022 02:32:26 pm
Thank you for sharing! I am curious what experiments were done to determine these changes in the banana nutrition. Do you have that information?
I never took into account the fact that the spots in bananas would be chlorophyll which has been broken down to become antioxidants. In that case, I will buy fruits like that with spots to have more antioxidants in my body, especially when I am always exposed to pollution. I should get a banana hook if I want to stock up on these fruits so that it will not get damaged by just sitting on the counter.
12/23/2022 02:56:24 am
Very helpful and informative article on "Does a banana nutrition change as it rippens". Thank You Simply Prepped meals for this article.
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From Volume 86, Number 1 (November 2012)
In an opinion that many would argue gave birth to modern free speech law, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. described the purpose of the First Amendment as protecting the “free trade in ideas [because] the best test of truth is the power of the thought to get itself accepted in the competition of the market.” Thus was born the “marketplace of ideas” metaphor that has heavily influenced the subsequent development of free speech jurisprudence. In another seminal opinion, Justice Louis Brandeis emphasized that “a state is, ordinarily, denied the power to prohibit dissemination of social, economic and political doctrine which a vast majority of its citizens believes to be false and fraught with evil consequence” because such prohibitions interfere with the “public discussion,” which is at the heart of deliberative democracy. More recently, the Supreme Court has articulated the view that “[u]nder the First Amendment, there is no such thing as a false idea. However pernicious an opinion may seem, we depend for its correction not on the conscience of judges and juries but on the competition of other ideas.” These three statements constitute some of the most famous declarations of First Amendment liberty in the history of the Supreme Court. What is noteworthy about these opinions, however, is that they all focus on the freedom to articulate ideas, including opinions and doctrine. What they do not address is the treatment of facts in free speech law. It is true that the most recent case quoted above, Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., goes on after denying the existence of false ideas to state that “there is no constitutional value in false statements of fact,” but this is a reference only to false facts. What about true facts? What is their role in the pantheon of free speech? Are they equivalent to opinions, or do facts warrant distinct First Amendment analysis? How does factual speech relate to the underlying purposes of the First Amendment? And have the answers to these questions shifted in light of the rise of the Internet as the dominant modern avenue for the dissemination of speech? These are the questions that this Article explores.


Act 1 Scene 2 – Early signs
Picture a very steep hill, with old tall Victorian terraced houses lining both sides, with steps going up to each house, and the occasional dark alley way. Lace curtains everywhere. It all looked very strange and rather threatening to Peter, aged 2.
During the first school term time, he was at home alone with his mother. There were lots of children’s books around, and he soon learnt to read, to count, and even to write little stories, somewhat illegibly.
Christmas came, and the house was filled with joyful activity. A few cousins came to stay. Afterwards his grandparents stayed on. Each morning he and his Grandpa went out shopping, and in the afternoon they walked down the Valley Road to the beach.
At last he didn’t miss the farm so much. In fact his life-long devotion to cricket began while playing cricket on Scarborough beach with Yorkshire families. There he became a nimble and willing fielder.
One day Peter brought back a stout stick from the beach, and the endless thump of a bat hitting a tennis ball against a kindly neighbour’s garage door began. Then some wickets were chalked up, and the bowling started.
Soon the imaginary cricket matches started, accompanied by a commentary in his piping voice. Scores were scribbled down illegibly on a bit of paper. Peter owes much to that kind elderly Yorkshire supporter.
At the age of 3, Peter proudly walked up the Avenue to school with his brother and sisters. The Reception Class teacher was an elderly nun. They all seemed to spend a lot of their time pottering about outside.
In the summer term, Peter was ‘sent for’ whenever any class had PE. There was always a shortage of boys, and he was ‘needed’ to augment the class cricket game.
An excellent start to his education.


Acupuncture / Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM)
Acupuncture literally means to insert needles into certain points on the body to aid in healing . Each points follow a meridian channel along which Qi flows. Acupuncture has been practiced by the Chinese for thousands of years. Veterinary acupuncture uses the knowledge gained from human beings and transposing the classical points to the animals
However , TCVM is a discipline that involves not only acupuncture but also herbal medicine, nutrition as well as Tuina .
Herbal Medicine uses herbs from the Chinese Herbal Materia Medica in certain combinations to treat particular disease patterns. They are administered orally in teapills or capsules.
Food Therapy refers to the use of diet to treat and prevent imbalance within the body. It uses the understanding of the energetics of food ingredients to tailor diets for individual animals. It is similar to when we are are "heaty" when we eat too much fried food and out body will crave for the coolign effects of fruits and begtables. It strives to balance the yin and yang .
Tui na is a form of chinese masage that is applied along the meridian points ,allowing manipulations to promote the circulation of qi and correct imbalance within the organ systems.
TCVM is seen as a complementary form of therapy and is best used in conjuntion with Western Veterinary Medicine . TCVM is holistic approach to assess the well being of the patient and tretaments are usually non invasive with few side effects . However on the other hand, it cannot help to pinpoint illness to speciifc diseases. Hence a combination of both treatments is the best .
For first-time client seeking TCM treatment, an initial consultation would be needed to determine the appropriate treatment for your pet. To facilitate this, we would also request for the medical history of your pet.


The paper follows on the heels of another paper published last week finding Indian Summer Monsoon failures "synchronize well with abrupt changes in solar activity," which may represent another potential solar amplification mechanism by which small changes in solar activity are amplified to large-scale effects on climate.
Initiation of East Asia monsoon failure at the climate transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age
- We estimated SST and SSS of the East/Japan Sea over the last 1300 years.
- East Asia monsoon variability has been reconstructed over the period.
- A strengthened summer monsoon occurred for the MCA at time of negative PDO.
- Asian monsoon failure started at the end of the MCA and extended to the LIA.
We have reconstructed decadally-resolved continuous sea surface temperature and seawater δ18O (hence salinity) records over the last 1300 years from alkenone and planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotope ratio analyses of the East Sea/Japan Sea marine sediments to investigate East Asia monsoon variability. Comparisons of the records with other paleoclimate records indicate a possible connection between changes in the mid-latitude East Asia monsoon and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) over this period. The results show that during the Medieval Climate Anomaly when the PDO index was negative, East Asia was characterized by surface warming with a strengthened summer monsoon. Summer monsoon-related precipitation increased and pluvials possibly dominated in the region at that time. Onset of Asia monsoon failure and severe drought occurred at the end of the MCA and extended to the Little Ice Age when the PDO became positive.
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Vancouver, BC – Graphene, the ultra-thin, ultra-strong material made from a single layer of carbon atoms, just became a little more extreme. Physicists at the University of British Columbia have been able to create the first-ever superconducting graphene sample by coating it with lithium atoms. Their findings have been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Although superconductivity has already been observed in intercalated bulk graphite—three-dimensional crystals layered with alkali metal atoms, based on the graphite used in pencils—inducing superconductivity in single-layer graphene has until now eluded scientists.
“This first experimental realization of superconductivity in graphene promises to usher us in a new era of graphene electronics and nanoscale quantum devices,” says Andrea Damascelli, director of UBC’s Quantum Matter Institute and leading scientist of the PNAS study outlining the discovery.
Graphene, roughly 200 times stronger than steel by weight, is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Along with studying its extreme physical properties, scientists eventually hope to make very fast transistors, semiconductors, sensors and transparent electrodes using graphene.
“This is an amazing material,’” says Bart Ludbrook, first author on the PNAS paper and a former PhD researcher in Damascelli’s group at UBC. “Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene’s electron–phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be stabilized.”
Given the massive scientific and technological interest, the ability to induce superconductivity in single-layer graphene promises to have significant cross-disciplinary impacts. According to financial reports, the global market for graphene reached $9 million in 2014 with most sales in the semiconductor, electronics, battery, energy, and composites industries.
The researchers, which include colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research through the joint Max-Planck-UBC Centre for Quantum Materials, prepared the lithium-decorated graphene in ultra-high vacuum conditions and at ultra-low temperatures (-267 degrees Celsius or 5 Kelvin), to achieve this breakthrough.
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Plumage Development and Molt in Long-Tailed Manakins (Chiroxiphia Linearis): Variation According to Sex and Age
journal contributionposted on 2021-11-15, 21:31 authored by S. M. Doucet, David McDonald, M. S. Foster, R. P. Clay
Lek-mating Long-tailed Manakins (Chiroxiphia linearis) exhibit an unusual pattern of delayed plumage maturation. Each year, males progress through a series of predefinitive plumages before attaining definitive plumage in their fifth calendar year. Females also exhibit variation in plumage coloration, with some females displaying male-like plumage characteristics. Using data from mist-net captures in northwest Costa Rica (n = 1,315) and museum specimens from throughout the range of Long-tailed Manakins (n = 585), we documented the plumage sequence progression of males, explored variation in female plumage, and described the timing of molt in this species. Males progressed through a series of age-specific predefinitive plumages, which enabled the accurate aging of predefinitive-plumaged males in the field; this predefinitive plumage sequence is the basis for age-related status-signaling in these males. Females tended to acquire red coloration in the crown as they aged. However, colorful plumage in females may be a byproduct of selection on bright male plumage. Females exhibited an early peak of molt activity from February to April, little molt from May through July, and a second, more pronounced peak of molt activity in October. By contrast, males in older predefinitive-plumage stages and males in definitive plumage exhibited comparable unimodal distributions in molt activity beginning in June and peaking between July and October. Our data are consistent with selective pressure to avoid the costs of molt-breeding overlap in females and older males. Our findings have important implications for social organization and signaling in Longtailed Manakins, and for the evolution of delayed plumage maturation in birds.
PublisherUniversity of Wyoming. Libraries
CollectionFaculty Publication - Zoology and Physiology
- Library Sciences - LIBS


Rainbow Trout Migration Patterns in the Saugeen River Watershed
The goal of this study is to investigate rainbow trout migration patterns and passage success within the Saugeen River watershed, with a focus on the impacts of the removal of the Truax Dam in Walkerton, Ontario. Baseline phases of this study were conducted in Spring 2018, Fall/Winter 2018/2019 and Spring 2019. In each phase 50 adult rainbow trout were captured at the Denny's Dam fishway in Southampton and implanted with coded radio transmitters. These fish continue to be tracked throughout the watershed (Saugeen River and associated tributaries) using a combination of mobile telemetry, fixed tracking stations, and aerial telemetry surveys. The data collected to date has provided valuable insight regarding inter-seasonal and inter-annual variation in rainbow trout migration patterns and motivation, use of spawning areas and other habitats, and the impact of potential barriers (Denny's Dam, Truax Dam, Carrick Dam, Maple Hill Dam) within the Saugeen River for continued upstream migration.
The Truax Dam was removed in August 2019 as part of a fisheries offset and compensation project. Future post-removal phases of this study will provide data that will be compared to baseline information to assess the impact of the removal of this barrier on the Saugeen River rainbow trout population. The first post-dam-removal study was initiated in Fall 2019 with seasonal tagging and/or tracking of tagged fish scheduled to continue into 2024.
Find additional details regarding the fisheries offset and compensation project here, the biomass electrofishing survey component of this project here, the redd count survey component here, and the videographic survey component here.
The most recent annual summary of all project component findings to-date (2022) can be found here.
A detailed summary of all radiotelemetry findings to-date (2022) can be found here.
News coverage of this project:


Here. An excerpt from the introduction:
This is the second monograph published by Northern Arizona University emphasizing culture-based education, which seeks to accomplish the melding of Indigenous and Western knowledge and pedagogy to improve school experiences for both Indigenous and non-Indigenous students. The first book, Honoring Our Heritage: Culturally Appropriate Approaches for Teaching Indigenous Students (Reyhner, Gilbert & Lockard, 2011) was dedicated to the memory of Alaskan educator Dr. Bill Demmert (Tlingit/Ogala Lakota) and included nine chapters
focusing on various aspects of culture-based education. This current volume begins with adaptations of the keynote speeches by Donna Deyhle and Ray Barnhardt at the Honoring Our Heritage: American Indian Teacher Education Conference held on July 13-14, 2012 at Northern Arizona University. Dr. Deyhle
writes in “Listening to Lives: Lessons Learned from American Indian Youth” about what she has learned from three decades working with Navajo children and their families.
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For Friday, Jan. 11, 2019
1 – Every year, thousands of trees are removed in cities as part of routine maintenance and utility line pruning, state officials say. Most of that wood ends up in landfills, is sold for firewood or gets chipped for mulch.
But some logs can be repurposed for use as lumber or other products.
The Michigan Department of Natural Resources says a new toolkit is available with tips on how communities can start an urban wood program.
It’s a planning guide for city officials, businesses and others that could use logs and lumber made from urban trees.
This project is part of an effort to promote economic development and the sustainable and efficient use of wood products.
For more information, see miurbanwoodnetwork.com/toolkit.
2 – January is National Radon Action Month.
In Michigan, the state Department of Environmental Quality says one in four homes is expected to have radon levels that exceed the recommended federal action level.
This matters because radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer, behind smoking.
You can’t see, smell or taste radon. The only way to know if you have elevated radon levels is to test.
You can pick up a free test kit during the month of January at your local county health department.
Testing is recommended every two years because homes settle, new cracks form in the foundation and radon levels can change.
More information is online at michigan.gov/deq.
– Mr. Great Lakes is heard Friday mornings in Bay City, Michigan, on Delta College Q-90.1 FM NPR. Follow @jeffkart on Twitter #MrGreatLakes


Common Places You Can Find Mildew Outdoors
Late summer and early autumn fall under the period of peak mold season, which means mold and mildew growth is on the rise. As a type of mold, mildew is common both indoors and outdoors at this time of year. If you or a family member is sensitive to mold growth, you’ll want to be especially careful this time of year. Make sure to take caution around these common places you can find mildew outdoors.
Mold vs. Mildew
Both mold and mildew are common during this peak period, but mildew is different from mold due to the locations in which you can find it. Although you can find both outdoors, mildew is the more common of the two. This is why you should be on the lookout for these areas outdoors, especially if you have seasonal or mold-related allergies.
Where You Might Encounter Mildew
You can find mildew in several places outdoors. With the fall season comes dead and decaying plants, which can collect moisture and cause mildew to grow. Some common spots for mildew growth include piles of fallen leaves, dying plants, and soil. Mildew can also grow on damp surfaces such as outdoor patios, house siding, and concrete.
Preventing Mildew Exposure
If you have a sensitivity to mold and mildew, outdoor activities during this time of year can be dangerous to your health. Make sure to distance yourself from these sources as much as possible. If you must expose yourself to mold and mildew—by taking on the task of raking leaves, for example—make sure to wear a respiratory mask, gloves, and clothing with proper coverage.
Mildew and mold are more common than ever in the late summer and fall months. If you are sensitive to these allergens or if you suffer from asthma or seasonal allergies, make sure to distance yourself from these common places you can find mildew outdoors.


There has been a lot of news recently about outbreaks of Zika virus infections particularly in Brazil. The virus, which has been associated with fetal abnormalities in pregnant women, is causing a real scare in Central and South America. The government of El Salvador took the unprecedented step of calling for women to refrain from getting pregnant for two years.
The virus is thought to be at risk for spreading to the U.S especially in areas where the Aedes mosquito exists. The virus is mosquito borne and is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito. The Aedes mosquito bites during the daytime and breeds in standing water.
What should you look for?
Unfortunately the symptoms of Zika virus infection are very vague and non-specific. These symptoms include low-grade fever, rash, joint pain, and pink eye. Signs and symptoms occur within 2 - 12 days and the symptoms are usually mild. Many patients have no symptoms at all.
For now, individuals should be concerned if they have the clinical symptoms and recently traveled to an area where the Aedes mosquito is present and cases have been reported. This is especially true for pregnant women who should get lab testing and an ultrasound to evaluate for Zika virus related birth defects.
There is no treatment for the infection and no vaccine. The key is prevention which includes wearing personal protective equipment and instituting measures to eliminate and control mosquito breeding sites.
Recently the CDC advised that pregnant women consider forgoing travel to any area where Zika virus transmission is ongoing.
Of course, each individual case is different and the advice in this post should not substitute for getting a consultation with your doctor.
Visit the home page for more information on Murdock Health and our services or call 214-929-2411 to schedule an appointment today.
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Friction welding is a popular process for joining metal and polymer work pieces by rubbing them against each other. This way, friction heat is generated in a zone of the faying surfaces, thinner than 1 mm. After cooling down, the heated surfaces establish a tight and strong bond. To improve this joining process, a method is desirable allowing measuring generated temperature and shear stress in the zone between the joining work pieces. Unfortunately, this is a very difficult task because the welding zone cannot be accessed with a sensor without significantly altering the process and thereby the desired measurement results. This paper describes how shear stress and temperature change generated by rubbing polymer pieces in a friction welding machine have been measured between the faying surfaces by employing sensor foils from the piezoelectric and pyroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This way, heating and cooling rates, pressure rise of the pneumatic system, frequency rise of the starting machine, the duration of starting and stopping, the damping of the vibrations after the drive was stopped, and the stress generated by the pullback of the machine head have been measured. A careful characterization of the sensor was necessary to enable distinguishing the measured voltage due to straining, shearing and temperature change.
Keywords: PVDF sensor; friction welding; piezoelectric; pyroelectric; shear stress; temperature.