There are 3 groups of molds that can be potentially harmful to humans.
Molds most often go by their scientific names, such as Cladosporium or Stachybotrys Chartarum (most commonly known as “black mold”). Because there are hundreds of thousands of mold types, mold is often classified.
- Toxigenic molds, such as black mold, are the most concerning types of mold. These types of molds can pose serious health threats and have been linked to symptoms such as nausea, worsened asthma, fatigue, and cancer.
- Allergenic molds can cause a reaction in some people, especially those with existing allergy sensitivities or asthma. This type of mold could cause allergic reactions such as itchy eyes, rash, runny nose, or wheezing.
- Pathogenic molds are types of molds that can cause infections, especially in those with a suppressed immune system. This type of mold would not negatively affect most healthy people, but it can be dangerous to some.
While black mold is the most commonly discussed toxigenic mold, it is important to note that not all black colored mold is toxic and that not all toxic mold is black. The best way to find out what type of mold you may have is to have a professional Newnan mold remediation company like The Mold Man LLC identify and develop a treatment plan for any mold growth in your home or office.


Your jaw joint-the connection between your upper and lower jaw, (under your ears), is the location of more nerves than all other joints. Therefore, a few minutes of yawning exercise can release many voice muscles, such as facial, lips, and jaw muscles, and positively affect your larynx muscles. Surprisingly, it can also release muscles all over your body.
The benefits of a simple yawning exercise:
- A smoother vocal performance, due to the release of the jaw and facial muscles
- An increased mouth aperture, which, in turn, positively affect the pronunciation of spoken and sung words, due to increase capability of vertical, horizontal and circular jaw movement.
- Minimizing the chances of hoarseness and other ill effects of excessive tension in the chewing muscles.
- An easier closure of the vocal cords, increased capability of generating high tones, and of using front cavity resonance, due to the lowering of the voice box.
- The release of calming hormones and intensified oxidation, which positively affects the entire body.
What to do?
Perform the following exercise between 3 seconds and a few minutes at a time:
- Open your mouth wide, and start yawning.
- Keep yawning, while slowly massaging your jaw area.
- Inhale through your mouth, and then exhale and close your jaws.
- While yawning, let out sigh-like sounds, which are generated spontaneously while yawning.
For maximum muscle relaxation, we recommend yawning slowly, opening your mouth wide and taking deep breaths.
So keep safe-and sound!
A TMRG Voice Specialist


Arthur G. Tansley’s “new psychology” and its relation to ecology
Abstract. In 1935, A. G. Tansley, who was knighted later, proposed the ecosystem concept. Nevertheless, this concept was not without predecessors. Why did Tansley’s ecosystem prevail and not one of its competitors? The purpose of this article is to pin the distinguishing features of Tansley’s ecosystem down, as far as the published record allows. It is an exercise in finding the difference that made a difference. Besides being a pioneering ecologist, Tansley was an adept of psychoanalysis. His interest even led him to visit Sigmund Freud in Vienna for a while. Psychologists had to regard the mind as an entity in its own right, while knowing that it truly was part of a larger whole (body + mind), because the causal relation between body and mind was unknown. This lead Tansley to conclude that psychologists must not objectify the system under study, have to search for causes within their own field, and must not speculate unless this serves a scientific purpose. In 1925, Tansley defended psychoanalysis in a prolonged controversy against a concerted attack criticizing its speculative content and poor scientific standing. This could have been the reason why Tansley kept his ecosystem free of speculative content and unscientific connotation. The competing ecosystem-like concepts, however, have contained philosophical speculation, non-deterministic properties like vitalism or entelechy, or have been burdened with unscientific connotations. Hence, rigorous restraint distinguished the ecosystem concept and made it ready for use by later researchers.


Mobile — the word itself implies mobility and mobility in today’s world shows how fast we are moving. The 21st century
has seen innovation of many things and the mobile phone is one of them.
Today mobile has become one of the most important means of communication and is of great help for our day-to-day work in many ways. Mobile has made our work very easier and faster.
Earlier, people had to wait for a month or days to receive any messages but mobile has made that work very faster. Now we can send and receive messages in seconds and we can also contact to the people living in another country anytime any place. It is one of the multifunctional devices. Mobiles having FMS can entertain us and games can be good pastime.
Besides, there are several functionalities like calculators, reminders, phonebooks and more.
Mobiles are comparatively smaller in size and can be carried around. This way the mobile is letting us stay connected. Today mobile has become a necessity. At present the mobile service has been cut throughout the country. This has created lots of problem for people of Nepal and has also stopped development work in our country. Let’s all hope that services are resumed soon.
— Alina Manandhar, Class X, Shuvatara School


Urban construction projects are essential in reducing the housing deficit of the latest urbanization trend. As such, construction projects contribute to more attractive, sustainable, and economically viable urban areas once they are finished. However, construction work and construction material flow activities cause severe negative impacts on the surrounding community during the construction process.
The MIMIC project (Minimizing impact of construction material flows in cities: Innovative Co-Creation) focuses on the social, economic, and environmental sustainability problems that arise from urban construction, and especially the logistics activities to, from, around, and on urban construction sites.
A new report is part of Work Package 2 of the MIMIC project, a JPI Europe funded research project with demonstration cases in Brussels, Vienna, Oslo, and Sweden. The objective of WP2 is the integration of state-of-the-art impact assessment methods in a practical and easy-to-use framework to assess the sustainability effects of on and off-site construction logistics and assessment of impacts.
Based on current knowledge of sustainability impacts of logistics operations, construction management, and existing calculation tools, a framework will be set up to monitor and quantify the off-site and on-site economic, social and environmental impact of construction logistics scenarios including major externalities (accidents, air pollution, climate change, infrastructure, congestion, and noise) compared to ‘business-as-usual’. Deliverable 2.1 of the MIMIC project introduces the methodologies that will be used to assess the impact of on-site and off-site construction logistics.
To cover the impact of both on-site and off-site construction logistics, the assessment framework will combine two distinct methodologies: External Cost Calculations and Life Cycle Assessment. The MIMIC report presents each methodology in detail, highlighting the scope, the system boundaries, their logistics activities, and their data collection plan. Finally, a first building stone will be laid towards expected outcomes, the feedback loop in developing the impact assessment framework, and how both methodologies will be brought together within the framework for the final deliverable by the end of the project.


Fri May 1 19:32:59 UTC 1987
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 87 21:34:04 EDT
From: mark at cbpavo.mis.oh.att.com (Mark Horton)
Message-ID: <8705010134.AA06737 at cbpavo.MIS.OH.ATT.COM>
How? deadline is a time_t (GMT) and so is time(0).
Simple, though its easier to explain if we use a 2 hour increment
rather than one, 1 hour increments get into problems of tm's
falling into improosibe time_t's (no legal conversion).
Consider that the fragment of code is being run at 01:30 on
October the X, which happens to be the (northern hemisphere)
day that daylight saving switches on.
Taking some liberties with correct C code (missing out casts,
declararions & such) ..
now = time(0); now = N; (for some N)
tm = *localtime(&now); tm.tm_hour = 1; tm.tm_min = 30;
tm.tm_hour += 2; tm.tm_hour = 3; tm.tm_min = 30;
later = mktime(&tm); later = N + 60; /* !!! */
this is because at N+30 tm.tm_hour increased by 1, while
time(0) increased by nothing.
The problem with all this is that mktime is supposed to be the
inverse of localtime, if it was the inverse of gmtime, or if it
had a zone parameter, then this kind of thing could be made to
work. But then mktime would be useless for more common functions,
especially that of hiding the timezone & dst rules from the application.
Assuming that you have a version of ado's localtime somewhere (the
recent mod.sources posting will do), you can easily test this by making
a faze zone name, where DST changes just about an hour ahead of whatever
time it is now, setting TZ to that zone, and then watch it happen (use
timelocal for mktime).
More information about the tz


In our English unit, Y1 have looked at the story ‘The Train Ride’ by June Crebbin. We made train tickets, pretended we went on a train ride for a lesson, and visited a variety of places. One of these places was the seaside, where we played in the sand and ate delicious vanilla ice-cream with raspberry sauce and sprinkles. Then we wrote about our seaside visit- look at some of our fantastic writing below!
During our history topic, we looked at the Great Fire of London. Here we looked at this significant event in history, we studied what happened and plotted this on a timeline. We made Tudor houses for our homework, and burnt these down to show how fast the fire spread. We were very sensible and stayed away from the fire!
As a class, we looked at the difference between natural and man-made materials. We looked at these for a beach and what things you find at a beach that are either man-made or natural. In groups, we sorted between natural and man-made materials.
In pairs, we chose 2 numbers. Using these numbers, we created an addition number sentence. Working in pairs, we used our 10 frames to make 10, partition and count on, to find the answer to our addition number sentence.
Whilst looking at our local area and our surroundings, we also covered our school and maps. In groups, we created an aerial map of the school groups. Here are some of our maps.
Nature area experience day
In English, we took a trip to our nature area. During our experience day, we searched for mini-beasts, made animal shelters, fed the birds, collected nature and finished the morning off with a warm hot chocolate.
Science Investigation- Everyday materials
In Science, we looked at the story ‘The Three Little Pigs.’ We talked about the different materials the houses were made out of. Working in a team, we built the houses out of straw (straws) sticks (wooden lolly sticks) and bricks (lego). Before doing this, we made predictions about which house we thought would withstand the ‘big bad wolf’ (hairdryer!) and then recorded these onto post it notes. After completing the investigation, Year One discussed the conclusion by completing the sentence stem…’ The brick houses were the strongest because…’


Only 16 percent of Americans currently believe that there is not solid evidence of global warming, according to the latest CLOSUP survey on energy and the environment released earlier this week. This is one percentage point less than the previous low of 17 percent found during the first CLOSUP National Survey on Energy and the Environment (NSEE) in 2008.
Nearly 70 percent of Americans now believe there is solid evidence of global warming, an increase of 7 percentage points over the spring of 2015 and 10 percentage points in the past year.
“This is not a trivial jump,” report co-author Barry Rabe was quoted as saying in coverage of the survey results in TIME. “When you see a shift like this in a relatively short period of time, that’s significant.”
While the percentage of those who denied solid of evidence of global warming decreased across party affiliations, it was particularly pronounced among Republicans. Just 26 percent of Republicans now believe there is not solid evidence of global warming, a drop of 15 percentage points from last fall. A majority of Republicans (56 percent) now believe that there is solid evidence of global warming, joining solid majorities of Democrats (79 percent) and Independents (69 percent), according to a summary report of the poll results.
The report’s authors cite changing and extreme weather conditions -- specifically, the severe drought across many parts of the United States -- as playing a large role in the swing. A record 61 percent of Americans who indicated there is evidence of global warming said severe droughts had a “very large effect” on their belief, according to the report.
Since its publications, the survey results have garnered attention from several global news outlets, including:
The Guardian: “Rising numbers of Americans believe climate science, poll shows”
International Business Times: “Climate Change: 7 Out Of 10 Americans Now Believe There Is ‘Solid Evidence’ of Global Warming”
Christian Science Monitor: “Americans agree climate change is real. But made by humans? Not so much.”
Think Progress: "Poll Finds Fewer Americans Than Ever Doubt Climate Change Is Happening"
The Center for Local, State, and Urban Policy (CLOSUP) at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy conducts, supports and fosters applied academic research to inform local, state, and urban policy issues.


The DNA Extraction lab is an activity developed to help student explore the scientific method. Students will extract DNA from a plant to determine whether or not it’s fruit is biotic.
All living things are made of cells. Most cells contain deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, the blue print of all living things. In prokaryotes (single-celled organisms such as bacteria), the DNA is floating freely in the cytoplasm of the cell. In eukaryotes (multi-celled organisms), the DNA is enclosed within a nucleus. DNA contains the genetic code needed to synthesize proteins.
Students will be able to
- Differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors
- Identify the different components of a eukaryotic cell
- Illustrate the different components of DNA
- Extract DNA from a fruit
- Outline the steps of the scientific method
Standards Alignments + Connections
Activities to Gather Evidence
General information on DNA provided by the National Institutes of Health
Dolan DNA Learning Center
An animation of the 3-D structure of DNA


During the first year of life a baby experiences a giant leap in development and needs to learn so many new things – to hold the head up, capture things, roll over, crawl, sit, raising to feet, walk. Exercising is necessary for infants to help him or her learn to feel own body, balance muscle tone, prevent body asymmetry and learn a variety of movements.
- Bobot therapy is carried individually for infants from 3 months to 1 year old. In exercises the baby is actively involved, by learning his body and contacting the outside world. The exercises last for about 30 minutes, depending on the baby’s attention span.
- Handling training for parents together with the baby – teaches how to maintain and work with the baby correctly. This is the work of hands of the parents and touching their child as from the first days of life. Holding, lifting, calming and cradling the baby correctly can help the baby realize and arrange own body, ensuring in the long run symmetric and full-fledged development.
- Remedial gymnastics for children and teenagers.
Branch of Medical Centre ARS
ARS Rehabilitācijas centrs
Address – Brīvības 39, Riga
Phone: +371 67 699 369 or +371 27 827 224


Feingender is an umbrella term for all genders which are female in nature (FEIN). It can be used as an umbrella term for any genders that are partially or fully related to womanhood or femaleness. Feingenders may or may not also be related to femininity (fingenders). The term is similar to fiaspec and wifgender.
Feingender can also be used as a gender on its own, referring to a gender in which femaleness is a defining feature or the primary feature, but is not binary female. It's may be used by people who cannot narrow down their gender any more than being related to female, but not a binary woman. The male equivalent is maingender.
The term, along with the old flags, was created by Mod Em of the Tumblr blog mogai-monarchs on October 18, 2020. The original flags were created by the same person on May 5, 2021. The new flags were created by Mod Che of the same blog on May 5, 2021.
- ↑ https://archive.today/https://mogai-monarchs.tumblr.com/post/632363490196242432/honestly-just-posting-these-before-i-forget-might
- ↑ https://archive.today/https://mogai-monarchs.tumblr.com/post/650358859169415168/feingender-an-umbrella-term-for-genders-that-are
- ↑ https://archive.today/https://mogai-monarchs.tumblr.com/post/650387846797082624/new-feingender-flags-mod-che


Sometimes the simplest of designs can make you achieve the once considered impossible. 'Curtis Boirum', a Master student in Mechanical Engg. at Bradley University, Peoria, Illinois just proved the fact. He developed a Hemispherical omnidirectional gimbaled wheel (HOG) drive system which basically is nothing hi-tech so to speak, but its pure genius.
As you can see in the picture the design is really simple. It has a black rubber hemisphere that's mounted on the shaft of a high speed brushless motor salvaged from a RC plane. The motor is attached to a 2 axis gimbal, the assembly is attached to the frame which has a RC servo to control the tilt of the hemispherical ball. It basically rotates like a spinning top with servos to help it move left, right, forwards and backwards. So how this thing works is that, when the hemisphere is vertical, it's just like a spinning top and basically acts like a castor wheel, but when you tilt the hemisphere one of side of the ball which is already rotating at high speed, makes contact with the ground, this gives it a torque in any direction near-instantaneously, depending on which side of the hemisphere is touching the ground and what direction the spinning ball is rotating in. To simply put it together the robot can change its direction very instantly.
For example, if the hemisphere is spinning anti-clockwise and its tilted to the right side, it will 'push' the robot in the direction of the two wheels that are attached. Another interesting thing is that the amount of torque is proportional to the tilt of the hemisphere. You can almost get an infinite range of speeds and torques so to speak.
Curtis also developed a version with two of these gimbal units, which makes the vehicle completely omni-directional, almost appears like its hovering on the surface if you see in the video. He says the idea is not new but something that was already tried out 100 years ago, but seemed to be almost forgotten. He demoed this at RoboGames 2011. He has also submitted a paper to the RoboGames symposium.
He is hoping to create a cheap, powerful, omnidirectional drive system design that can be adapted for use by both researchers and hobbyists.
Check out some really cool maneuvers of the robot.
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Subarctic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Medium-sized tomato (salad) of about 4 to 5 cm with a well-balanced taste between tangy and sweet. As its name suggests, it is a very very early tomato and therefore ideal for cool climates or more northern latitudes. It is easy to maintain and requires little garden care. Also grown in pots.
Latin name: Solanum lycopersicum
Common name: Subarctic tomato, subarctic
English: Subarctic Tomato
MAINTENANCE AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
Gradually acclimatize to outdoor conditions about 10 days before planting by taking them out during the day. When planting, lay the plants horizontally, arching them slightly to bring out the leaves upwards.
|Plant type: Annual|
|Quantity: Envelope of about 30 seeds|
|Exposure: Full sun|
|Soil: Well drained|
|Watering: In dry weather|
|Plantation: In the garden after the risk of frost|
|Days to maturity: 50 days|
|Germination: 7 to 10 days|
|Plant spacing: 45 cm|
|Row spacing: 70 cm|
|Width: 45 cm with tutor or 60 cm if left on the ground|
|Height: 1 m|
|Type of growth: Semi-determined growth|
RETURN AND EXCHANGE
For the return of a purchased product: if you are not satisfied with your product or if you think there is an error in your order, do not hesitate to contact us at any time by email.


The People's Choice
• It is essential to hear the voice of service users and bring
about change to meet their needs.
• Eating well is fundamental to good health and well being.
• A well balanced diet provides all of the energy you need to
keep active throughout the day.
• Helping prepare meals develops important life skills.
The young peoples attendance at dinner has increased from
62% to 89% during the initiative.
A survey will be carried out to ascertain if they are more or
less satisfied with the quality and variety of food.
Input from a food dietician to educate young people on
healthy options will take place after Covid-19 restrictions
Sessions are planned to teach the young people to make their
own healthy snacks.
The initiative will continue to run as we continue to hear
from the young people, meeting their needs.
Why is this important to service users and carers?
Learning and next steps
To increase the satisfaction of young
people living in Marmion Children's
Residential Home, in relation to their food
experience, from 20% to 40% from
October 2020 to January 2021.
Young people's survey
What are we doing and why?
Carrying out a qualitative and quantitative survey into the
quality, variety and satisfaction of the food served.
The young people have created a menu that includes their
favourite dishes, giving them choice and ownership.
The quality of the food is recorded daily by the young people
that will contribute to improving the menu each month.
Increase participation in food preparation to develop cooking
October average 62%
November average 73%
'It's always the same type of food'
'It's really good now'


The Evolution of African Democracy
Kholisile David Dhliwayo
Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe
This study is premised on the definition of democracy as an experiment in which people are involved in authoritative decision making. It takes into account the view that conditions differ from culture to culture and because of that it is appropriate to define democracy within the context of historical experiences and the primacy of tradition. It is in that context that the title of this book is appropriately called The Evolution of African Democracy.
In analysing The Evolution of African Democracy it is appropriate to examine the political and economic roots of this democracy, and it is precisely for that reason that special attention is paid to a thorough and surgical analysis of Kemet sometimes referred to as Ancient Egypt, the civilization created by residents of the Nile Valley some 5000 years ago a civilization whose impact on the rest of Africa, serious scholars cannot ignore. This civilization provides us with a clear explanation of how a common African culture eventually emerged premised on democracy. Additionally this civilization and its impact planted the roots of Pan Africanism, a concept that shows that Africans have common views about themselves and nature.
What has emerged from this study is that the African democratic culture after surviving challenges posed by external powerful undemocratic and dictatorial forces is being provided with a new trajectory by both the organization of African Unity and the successor organization the African Union, the two continental organizations created by the African political leadership to ensure and guarantee the continuity of African democracy.
ISBN 9783862888948. LINCOM Studies in Politics 03. 54pp. 2018.


A balanced diet can help to prevent many behavioural and health problems. When your bird is not well fed, malnutrition sets in, and it can cause preventable sickness that could lead to death. When feeding pet birds, you should try to mimic their natural feeding habitat. This primarily involves feeding what they would have eaten if they were free-roaming in the wild.
There are different categories of birds based on how they feed, they include:
- Florivores: They feed on tree barks, roots (Carrots), nuts, berries, seeds, and fruits. Examples of birds in this category are Red-faced parrots, Grey Parrots, Love birds, military macaws, blue and gold macaws.
- Granivores: Budgerigars (Parakeet), cockatiels, Pigeons, doves, canaries, and hyacinth macaw are Granivores and they feed basically on seeds and grains.
- Omnivores: They have more versatile feeding options. They do well with Insects, fruits, invertebrates, or seeds. Red-tailed Amazon and some cockatoo’s fall in this category.
- Nectarivores: These are birds that feed on nectar, pollen, seeds, and some insects. Lorry and Lorikeet are in this category.
- Frugivores: They mostly feed on fruits, flowers, seeds, and nuts. Birds in this category are Blue-throated macaws and Green-winged macaws.
These food options are from natural sources and with the categories above, you know what to feed your bird. There is also a commercial veterinary-formulated diet that you can feed your pet birds. They are usually designed for different birds and you can find them in most pet shops.
Foods To Avoid Your Pet Birds
Foods on the do-not-feed list for companion birds include chocolate, avocado, onions, apple seeds, mushrooms, table salts, caffeine, alcohol, and high-fat junk foods.


Easton's Bible Dictionary
The following is the results of your search for Horse.
Horse: Always referred to in the Bible in connection with warlike operations,
(Isaiah 28:28) The war-horse is described
(Job 39:19-25) For a long
period after their settlement in Canaan the Israelites made no use of
horses, according to the prohibition,
(Deuteronomy 17:16) David was the first
to form a force of cavalry
(2 Samuel 8:4) But Solomon, from his connection
with Egypt, greatly multiplied their number
(1 Kings 4:26; 10:26,29) After
this, horses were freely used in Israel
(1 Kings 22:4; 2 Kings 3:7; 9:21,33)
(2 Kings 11:16) The furniture of the horse consisted simply of a bridle
(Isaiah 30:28) and a curb
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It is not at all unusual to find plant extracts that will kill cancer cells in vitro. There are hundreds of phytochemicals that will do this. Neither is it unusual to find an effect in mice that have implanted tumours. But this is a long way away from demonstrating a viable cancer treatment in humans. In comparison to the number of plant compounds that have shown anti-cancer activity in the lab, the number that have made it through human clinical trials to be adopted into practice have been extremely few. For every taxol (Yew tree) and vincristine (Madagascar periwinkle) there are thousands of compounds that showed efficacy in the lab in early trials but never panned out. A study like this one about ginger is a small stepping stone and just means that further investigation is warranted. It certainly does not justify the concluding remarks in the article that state:
"Further adding to the benefits of ginger, the spice has no toxicity when consumed even in high doses, and does not cause people to endure the very uncomfortable side effects of chemo and radiation treatments. The American Cancer Society admits that more than 15% of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer, and more than 20,000 American women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer this year. Many of these cases can be helped with ginger root. While Big Pharma would have these men and women endure very invasive treatments, some simple ginger root powder can cause their cancer cells to commit a certain death."
This is reckless stuff. It implies that ginger is an alternative to chemo. Where does this advice originate? The "Natural Health Society" which seems to be the brainchild of a single guy who describes his mission thus:
"First and foremost, I believe that natural health should be the first option in addressing any of your health concerns. With a nutrient-rich diet that is free of toxic chemical additives and other harmful ingredients like GMOs, you can begin to reclaim your health like never before. Food contaminants like genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are devastating health worldwide, and the corrupt biotech juggernauts responsible for monopolizing the food supply have zero regard for your health. "
Yup. A real health expert.
See Link: http://www.jewsnews.co.il/2013/11/22/ginger-root-kills-ovarian-prostate-...


The Boitin Steintanz ('Stone Dance') is a very special monument to mankind’s early history. There are altogether four stone circles in the forest near the village of Boitin in the vicinity of Bützow. Three of them lie close together, the fourth one at a distance of about 200 metres. Already long ago there were theories about the age and function of the arrangement. Today it is assumed that this is a calendar from the 12th century before Christ.
A saga gives a different interpretation of the stone circles: The legend has it that a frolicsome wedding party celebrated here long ago. The party bowled with bread and sausages until a ghost, appearing as an old man, asked the boisterous group to end the game. However, the wedding party did not do what they had been asked. They scorned the old man instead. So he turned the bride, the groom and the guests into stones. A shepherd, who happened to be nearby, was to be spared. But in spite of his promise, he looked back out of curiosity when fleeing and therefore was also transformed into stone together with his sheep and dog.References:
Goryōkaku (五稜郭) (literally, 'five-point fort') is a star fort in the Japanese city of Hakodate on the island of Hokkaido. The fortress was completed in 1866. It was the main fortress of the short-lived Republic of Ezo.
Goryōkaku was designed in 1855 by Takeda Ayasaburō and Jules Brunet. Their plans was based on the work of the French architect Vauban. The fortress was completed in 1866, two years before the collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate. It is shaped like a five-pointed star. This allowed for greater numbers of gun emplacements on its walls than a traditional Japanese fortress, and reduced the number of blind spots where a cannon could not fire.
The fort was built by the Tokugawa shogunate to protect the Tsugaru Strait against a possible invasion by the Meiji government.
Goryōkaku is famous as the site of the last battle of the Boshin War.


Secret Mission – Support an Interest
Case File: Empowering
Your Parenting Secret Mission:
Show your child how to do something instead of banning them from it.
Your child wants to cut food, use the scissors, feed the dog, climb the tree…
Sometimes it’s something messy, sometimes it’s something dangerous or just flat out inconvenient, and we as parents get the urge to ban that interest completely.
Today the secret mission is to find some way to honor your child’s interest AND your needs. Can you show the proper places for them to put their feet while they climb? Can you spend ten minutes showing how to use a knife, or give them a plastic knife and some bananas to cut? Can you show how to cut slips of paper instead of her hair?
Yes, this depends on ages and stages, but often, very often, we can find at least some small part of an activity a child is interested in and show them how to do it safely or in a way that meets our needs for less mess, and so on rather than banning it all together.
64 Positive Things to Say to Kids
Subscribe to Download your FREE printable of 64 Positive Things to Say to Kids


There are currently 2 versions of HTTP in production use out in the world, these are HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2.
Despite there being these different versions, the API surface area of HTTP is the same. All the request methods, etc. are the same, but the underlying implementation and behavior about the server/client relationship changes, and maybe the transport changes too.
HTTP/1 was the first implementation of Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is generally not in use at all anymore. The issue with HTTP/1 was that each request required initializing it’s own TCP connection.
This is what most of our day to day traffic goes over. It supports reusing connections through “keep-alive”, so as to not block the network.
One major limitation with http/1.1 is the number of requests per connection is limited, usually to 6 requests per connection.
Also uses TCP. The main difference between HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 is that it uses multiplexing — one TCP connection can have multiple HTTP requests happening at once, and one HTTP request can also go over different TCP connections to complete its request.
Unlike all its predecessors, HTTP/3 uses QUIC.


Eat More Fiber
Most health experts nowadays are encouraging consumers to eat more fiber. This is a result of the evidence that inadequate levels of fiber in the diet may result in several diseases. Common among these diseases are diabetes, diabetes, diabetes, obesity and colon cancer. These diseases are life threatening diseases you would not wish to associate with.
Eating high animal fat is liked to raise risk of colon cancer. High consumption of fiber nevertheless protects against colon cancer. This is carried out by the speeding up the passage of food through the digestive tract, thus prolonging the period of exposure of the cells to agents in food which may possibly lead to colon cancer.
Fibers bind cholesterol chemicals and eliminate them from the body alongside feces, and inhibit the production of cholesterol in the body in addition to improving the clearance of cholesterol in the blood. The end result of this is that, the risk of heart diseases like atherosclerosis is lowered.
Fiber fights or averts the risk of diabetes by improving blood glucose tolerance and reducing insulin secretion thus delaying glucose absorption. Fiber reduces the energy density of the diet thus lowering the chance of obesity.
Forms of Fiber
Fiber has two forms that are; soluble fibers and insoluble fibers. Both of these kinds of fibers found in diet helps prevent many diseases. Insoluble fibers don’t dissolve in water and contain fiber types called cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Soluble fibers on the other hand dissolve or swell when put in water. They include fiber types like pectin, gums and mucilage.
Sources of Fiber
Dietary sources of insoluble fibers comprise fruit resources such as bananas, apples, peaches, pears and berries.
Other dietary sources include beans, sweet potatoes, apricots, barley, corn, potatoes, prunes, oatmeal, oat bran and vegetables like cabbage, broccoli and carrots. Look into Animal Removal Chattanooga TN for more deatils


Equation Calculator & Solver
When you enter an equation into the calculator, the calculator will begin by expanding (simplifying)
the problem. Then it will attempt to solve the equation by using one or more of the following: addition, subtraction,
division, taking the square root of each side, factoring, and completing the square.
Any lowercase letter may be used as a variable.
Exponents are supported on variables using the ^ (caret) symbol. For example, to express x2, enter x^2.
Note: exponents must be positive integers, no negatives, decimals, or variables. Exponents may not currently be placed
on numbers, brackets, or parentheses.
Parentheses and Brackets
Parentheses ( ) and brackets [ ] may be used to group terms as in a standard equation or expression.
Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction
For addition and subtraction, use the standard + and – symbols respectively. For multiplication, use the *
symbol. A * symbol is not necessary when multiplying a number by a variable. For instance: 2 * x can also
be entered as 2x. Similarly, 2 * (x + 5) can also be entered as 2(x + 5); 2x * (5) can be entered as 2x(5).
The * is also optional when multiplying with parentheses, example: (x + 1)(x – 1).
Order of Operations
The calculator follows the standard order of operations taught by most algebra books – Parentheses, Exponents,
Multiplication and Division, Addition and Subtraction. The only exception is that division is not currently supported;
attempts to use the / symbol will result in an error.
Division, Square Root, Radicals, Fractions
The above features are not supported.
Looking for someone to help you with algebra? At Wyzant, connect with algebra tutors and math tutors nearby. Prefer to meet online? Find online algebra tutors or online math tutors in a couple of clicks.


- class momepy.PerimeterWall(gdf, spatial_weights=None, verbose=True)[source]#
Calculate the perimeter wall length of the joined structure.
A GeoDataFrame containing objects to analyse.
- spatial_weightslibpysal.weights, optional
A spatial weights matrix. If
None, Queen contiguity matrix will be calculated based on
gdf. It is to denote adjacent buildings.
- verbosebool (default True)
True, shows progress bars in loops and indication of steps.
spatial_weightskeyword argument should be based on position, not unique ID.
It might take a while to compute this character.
>>> buildings_df['wall_length'] = mm.PerimeterWall(buildings_df).series Calculating spatial weights... Spatial weights ready... 100%|██████████| 144/144 [00:00<00:00, 4171.39it/s]
A Series containing resulting values.
The original GeoDataFrame.
The spatial weights matrix.
__init__(gdf[, spatial_weights, verbose])


Here is another miracle system. Air enters your nose and passes down to that same pharynx again. But this time, the swallow mechanism is not in operation, so the air goes directly downward into the larynx, past your voice box, and into the trachea, which then divides into the two bronchi, which then lead through the bronchioles into tiny air sacs called atria. Think of two trees with their branches continually rebranching until finally they end-in grapes! That is the appearance of the bronchi, bronchioles, and atria. Tiny projections, called alveoli, protrude outward from each grape-like atrium into the lung. It all does look very much like a bunch of grapes! The plan is to exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide-as much as possible and as quickly as possible. There are over 400 million alveoli; each one is closely connected with blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.
That is what, on the inside, your lungs look like; From the outside, the lungs appear to be two cone-shaped organs, nicely designed to fit the space in your chest. Your left one is not as large, in order to make room for the heart just below it. Your lungs hold about 31/z quarts [3.3 liters] of air, and are remarkably like air bellows, partly filling, partly emptying, partly filling, partly emptying; this goes on constantly, night and day. It should not take long for such action to wear a hole in the side of the lungs, but instead they are wrapped inside the pleural cavity. Moist fluid is exuded by the walls of the pleural membrane, which provides a slippery surface for the lungs to move against.
Please remember that, throughout this exploration, you are observing only the barest outline of the body systems. It is similar to lifting the top off the central processing unit of a home computer, letting you gaze within at the electronic boxes and cards neatly stacked inside,-and then concluding that you understood the complexity of a computer!
Several lengthy books could easily be written about each italicized word in this article.


The climate lab is a multipurpose laboratory for testing of heating and cooling processes, analysis of biomass and gas, electronic control systems, and other energy-related applications. For example, the climate lab is used to measure the heat transfer coefficient of building modules. Vi also investigate the properties of materials related to combustion: both feedstock in the form of algae, straw or wood, and ash left over from combustion processes.
Fiber analyzer, FOSS Fibertech 8000 Analysis of fiber content in organic material, typically for combustion or determination of fiber content in dietary products.
Heating Microscope, Hesse Instruments EM301 Heating microscope for observation of samples at temperatures up to 1750°C. Primarily used for determination of ash melting points.
Hotbox Calibrated hotbox for measurement of heat transfer in building materials or modules and determination of U-values. Climate controlled chamber with cold and hot side regulated by active ventilation. Temperature transducers for monitoring temperatures across large surfaces.
Gas chromatograph, Varian CP-4900 Separation and determination of composition for gas samples. Can be connected to other instruments such as heating microscope for evolved gas analysis.
Heat Pump Teaching Rig Integrert system med heat pump, accumulator tank, and heting elements together with instruments for monitoring temperature and performance.
Door-mounted Airtightness Monitor For airtightness measurements of rooms and buildings. A fan is used to generate a pressure differential across the door, and by measuring the resulting airflow the airtightness of the building can be determined.
TESTO Måleutstyr Portable logging equipment for a variety of applications, inlcuding temperature, humidity, and dew point.


|Raoult's Second law and the freezing temperature.|
Calculation of boiling point and crystallization (freezing) of non-electrolyte solutions.
|Two Buckets Puzzle Calculator|
This online calculator finds a solution for a variation of two buckets puzzle where you need to fill a tank with certain volume.
|Alcohol amount in the aqueous alcohol solution|
Defines the mass and volume concentration of ethanol in the solution of two liquids with different levels of alcohol.
|Strength of alcoholic cocktail|
Calculates volume fraction of alcohol in a beverage made of 3 other beverages.
|Glue Solution Calculator|
The Glue Solution Calculator is a handy tool that helps you calculate the exact amount of dry glue and water needed to make the glue solution of the desired strength.
|CaCl2 ppm to chlorides WPS ppm converter|
This online calculator converts given CaCl2 ppm concentration into chlorides water phase salinity ppm concentration
Derives a formula from input formulas and input data to calculate remained parameters
This online calculator can calculate the molar concentration of a solute in a solution, or mass of a solute in a solution with a specific molar concentration.
|Dilution calculator and problems solver|
This online calculator can calculate the molar concentration (molarity) of a solute or volume of a solution before or after the dilution.
|pH of a solution calculator|
These online calculators calculate the pH of a solution. There are two calculators – one for either strong acid or strong base, and another for either weak acid or weak base.


by Yona Verwer
Urim & Tumim Collection
16 by 16 inch giclee
Limited Edition of 50
175 usd + shipping
The Urim and Tumim were part of a biblical tool of prophecy known as “The Breastplate of Judgment.” The original breastplate was mounted with twelve precious stones, upon which were engraved the names of the Twelve Tribes. According to the Zohar, the foundational work in the literature of Jewish mystical thought known as Kabbalah, the Urim and Tumim were the forty-two and seventy-two letter secret names of G‑d placed in the folds of the breastplate.
In biblical times during war and national crisis, this breastplate was worn and consulted by the Jewish High Priest. Upon meditation, individual letters would sparkle or bulge out up to display prophetic messages. Text messages from above! In our days of current conflicts we are looking for a direct connection with a higher source of guidance.
This image, with the tribal name of Yehudah, shows the stones’ inner light, as well as describe the mystical energy of the stones. The letters are painted in the Paleo-Hebrew characters in use at that time.
More about the Urim and Tumim in ancient times:
The Urim and Tumim, which translates to “Light and Truth”, were being put intothe breastplate, implying they were objects put into some sort of pouch within it; they were presumably small and fairly flat, and were possibly tablets of wood or of bone. The first reference to Urim and Tumim in the Bible is the description in the Book of Exodus concerning the high priest’s clothing. Consulting them was said to be required, in addition to permission from the king or a prophet, if there was an intention to expand Jerusalem or the Temple in Jerusalem. They were only permitted to be consulted by very prominent figures such as army generals, and kings, and the only questions which could be raised were those which were asked for the benefit of the people as a whole. The Urim and Tumim were lost when Jerusalem was sacked by the Babylonians.
More info on Verwer”s Urim & Tumim series here.


What are others doing?
Microsoft Teams is evolving in the Higher Education space as we continue to promote work integrated learning. The following examples demonstrate different ways in which Microsoft Teams is being used in Education.
USE CASE – Dr David Kellerman with Microsoft Teams at UNSW
See how Dr David Kellerman from University of NSW implemented Microsoft Teams in an Engineering cohort of 5000 students with on and off campus students. He explains the purpose of choosing Microsoft Teams and the impact it has had on his teaching and students.
Watch how he has implemented Microsoft Teams.
USE CASE – Esam Baboukhan using Microsoft Teams for accessibility at the City of Westminister College
The City of Westminister College uses technology to ensure students have the necessary skills to succeed in future jobs. They implemented Microsoft Teams to make it seamless for students to collaborate on projects. Communicate with peers easily, connect with the teacher, and have a conversation in real-time.
Watch eLearning Manager, Esam Baboukhan explain how Microsoft Teams has made his classroom more inclusive and enabled all of his students to connect.
USE CASE – Watch Dr Timothy Ponce enhance communication at University of Texas
Dr Timothy Ponce is a Professor of English where some of his students were struggling with their coursework and didn’t reach out to him or their peers for help. Although there were multiple communication channels available, he wanted to reduce the number of tools that the students were accessing so he introduced Microsoft Teams.
Watch him explain what he did and the impact it had on his students here.


I was wandering if the following is possible. I have a huge voltage 3kvolt, when is passed through a coil my voltmeter is showing me negative voltage. I would like to phase shift this or invert this so to get positive voltage How do I go about this? ...I heard that inthe 70's, some cars where negatively based, and used such converters to get positive. now I believed everything is positive.
More info is needed. Is the voltage source AC or DC? Is the meter analog (AC or DC?) or digital? What is this coil you mention? How is it in the circuit?
In simple circuits coils don't change the polarity of DC signals.
Phase is a word commonly used with AC signals and voltage sources where you're talking about the time shift of signals with respect to each other. One signal leads or lags the other . . .
A coil can cause current to lag voltage in an AC signal by shifting the phase. That doesn't change the meter reading polarity.
Some English cars did use a positive ground I'm told. That is a DC circuit and you just reverse the polarity of the voltmeter leads to for a positive needle deflection . . . (on an analog moving coil voltmeter - a iron vane type meter doesn't care about polarity or AC or DC)
A DC to DC converter could be used to power something that required a positive ground or isolated voltage source (but not practical with 3KV as a rule)
Give us more info?
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In this video series you will learn how to cut the fabric required for an Angrakha.
We shall start by cutting the back pattern.
To learn how to make the pattern, watch the previous videos.
For cutting fabric, you will need: Your Pattern Fabric in 2 different colours Some Pins A piece of Chalk A Measuring tape A pair of scissors And a Ruler
Take a sheet of what will be used as the main fabric for your garment and spread it out on the table.
Fold the sheet such that its overlapping layers are at least half an inch wider than the pattern of the back panel.
The first step will be to mark the outline of the pattern on the fabric.
Once this is done, pin the pattern to the sheet of fabric at the points shown.
These pins will keep the pattern firmly in place on the fabric.
Using a piece of chalk and a measuring tape, mark a series of points half an inch above the shoulder seam to demarcate a seam allowance.
Connect the points with a dotted line.
Extend the dotted line past the edge of the pattern, as shown.
Use a pair of scissors to cut the fabric along the outline .
Don’t forget to cut along the neckline and to include the shoulder seam allowance.
Remove the extra fabric material.
Mark the hemline 1 inch from the bottom of the side seam line.
Fold the sheet of fabric along with the pattern at the mark you have just made and snip the corner so it forms a notch.
Next, make a similar notch half an inch into the adjacent side to mark the seam allowance.
Make another notch marking the other end of the seam allowance, half an inch into the arc of the armhole.
From the top of the armhole make a mark half an inch into the shoulder seam, as allowance for the binding.
Snip a notch to mark the shoulder seam at the top corner of the pattern’s armhole as well as on the mark made just before on the adjacent side.
Finally, make a notch where the shoulder seam meets the neckline.
Unpin the pattern sheet from the fabric.
You may now open out the fabric.
You have now learnt how to cut the fabric required for the back piece of an Angrakha.
To learn how to cut fabric for the two front panels, watch the next video.
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Wandsworth Prep’s Chance to Save Earth
Each year, we celebrate reading through the Wandsworth Prep Book Fortnight. It is a fantastic opportunity to encourage children to read, whilst making links to other areas of the curriculum and improving our communication skills. Ultimately, we want the children to use and improve their reading skills, work collaboratively and create wonderfully written pieces of work as well.
This year, we based our Book Fortnight on a book by Oliver Jeffers called ‘Here We Are’, which is essentially a guide to living on Earth. The book inspired the premise of our Book Fortnight, which was all centred around the Planet Auditing Committee (or Pac for short)...
PAC visited our school to tell the children that they had been selected to try and save our planet! Led by the Chief Auditing Person (or CAP for short - and definitely not Mr Seb), the team of PAC-men and women explained that due to intergalactic budget cuts, one planet must be destroyed! The only way that Earth could be saved was through the children of Wandsworth Prep working collaboratively with a different class to make a pitch to PAC giving reasons why Earth should not be the planet destroyed.
The children worked superbly, with different classes coming together to create travel brochures, books about the perfect day on Earth and even a news broadcast, filmed on a green screen! Throughout the fortnight, CAP threw in some curveballs to distract and discourage the children, but the children prevailed, despite an attempt by Mr Mars (definitely not Mr Alastair) to bribe CAP. Thankfully, Earth and all the planets were saved, as it was decided that our WPS children could work with PAC on their budgeting skills and help redistribute funding to ensure the survival of all the planets.


Every day, people go through different experiences. Around 70% of adults, in particular, experience a traumatic event in their lives. During this time, the brain processes information and signals differently. Sometimes, these incidents can stay in the brain forever. The video demonstrates how to overcome this as well as the benefits of EMDR therapy.
Most people experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One way to overcome this is to undergo EMDR therapy.
The therapy focuses on the traumatic memory and negates the emotions surrounding it. The therapy involves varied eye movements intended to target the traumatic memory. EMDR therapy lasts for a few weeks, depending on the type of trauma. The traumatic memory gradually fades over the course of 2-3 sessions. With increased visits, the memory is reprocessed for resolution.
Patients under the influence of drugs or alcohol will be ineligible for this treatment. Similarly, a person unwilling to process emotions may not be ready to undergo therapy. The majority of people who experience a traumatic event do not seek medical attention. However, with the help of EMDR therapy, patients witness decreased emotional distress. Furthermore, the therapy fosters positive beliefs and makes the patient feel lighter.
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The Panda Problem | Story Structure With a Twist
The panda has a problem...or the panda is the problem? Find out which is the case in this hilarious picture book that turns story structure upside down.
Author: Deborah Underwood
Illustrator: Hannah Marks
Age Range: 3-7
We all know what story structure to expect in most children's books. The story will begin by introducing us to the main character. Then, something will happen to this character which propels them into an adventure. They will face conflict throughout the story until the end when it is finally resolved.
The Panda Problem starts like every other story you have read. You think you know what you are getting into until the author flips the script. Take a look at the first few pages of the the book:
Narrator: Once upon a time, there was a panda who lived in a beautiful bamboo grove. But the panda had a BIG problem.
Narrator: Excuse me?
Wait a second...the panda doesn't have a problem? How can we have a story without a problem? We will soon learn that the panda is the problem!
The rest of the book unfolds as the narrator tries to solve his panda problem. Kids will laugh their way through a beautifully illustrated story filled with mischief and panda hijinks. It's fun, it's imaginative, and it's a refreshing take on story. You will want to keep turning the page along with your kids to find out what happens next!
Why Read This Book?
The best books and movies are ones that keep you on your toes. No one wants to go to a movie where they know what happens before it even starts. That's why we tell people that have seen a movie before us to keep the spoilers to themselves! The Panda Problem is that kind of book. It keeps you guessing until the end (and leaves you wanting more).
I am always looking for books that instill the principles of story into my children, but my kids want books that they enjoy reading! The Panda Problem gives you the best of both worlds. Character. Conflict. Resolution...and Fun.
Check it out at your local library or add it to your family bookshelf.
Click below to buy it on Amazon.


Back in April, the USGS released a report on Dust-Bowlification that concluded drier conditions were projected to accelerate dust storms in the U.S. Southwest. In large parts of Texas and Oklahoma now, the drought is more intense than it was during the Dust Bowl of the 1930s.
In 2007, Science (subs. req’d) published research that “predicted a permanent drought by 2050 throughout the Southwest” — levels of aridity comparable to the 1930s Dust Bowl would stretch from Kansas to California.
Dust Storm Marks Beginning of Southwest’s “Permanent Drought” | The Energy Collective
Looks like they had up to twelve inches of permanent drought this week.
Apparently Australia is having a terrible drought too. Funny how the rainfall map doesn’t show that at all. Weather bureaus are now politically compromised and full of left wing climate graduates.
unless its under water for a year, its a drought.
When I was a climatolgy student thirty years ago, I wrote a paper on Desertification. I dilligently collected the very best sceintific data from universities and government agencies from around the globe, and concluded from the ‘consensus’ that we should spend vast fortunes on mitigation.
Globally, the deserts have not expanded. This is one reason why I do not trust ‘consensus’ science, universities or governments.
Brace yourself for killer heat waves: http://vitals.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18803031-get-used-to-killer-heat-waves-cdc-warns?lite&ocid=msnhp&pos=1


Indigo - Indigofera tinctoria
Indigo is the only natural blue dye used by many cultures in unrelated places on every habited continent. Each culture, each village, and each dyer has a unique way of making the magic of indigo work. There are often rituals surrounding the successful extraction and dye process. Stories unfold about why this vat was successful and another failed. Our natural indigo is indigofera tinctoria, one of the strongest natural indigos, and is finely powdered and easy to use. This particular indigo is ideal for producing greens when overdyed with any of the yellow immersion dyes. You can obtain lime green to forest green depending on the yellow dye used and the number of indigo dips.
Color: Sky Blue to Midnight
Earthues recommends using lye (sodium hydroxide) to dissolve the indigo and thiourea dioxide to reduce (remove the oxygen) for the chemically-reduced vat. Sodium carbonate is then used to raise the pH of the vat as necessary.
There are several natural methods that work well with indigofera tinctoria as well; lime (calcium hydroxide) is used to dissolve the indigo and then fructose sugar, ferrous sulfate, henna, or ripe bananas are used to reduce the vat. Sodium carbonate is used to raise the pH of the vat as necessary.


Heart failure is a global problem with an estimated prevalence of 38 million patients worldwide, a number that is increasing with the ageing of the population. It is the most common diagnosis in patients aged 65 years or older admitted to hospital and in high-income nations. Despite some progress, the prognosis of heart failure is worse than that of most cancers. Because of the seriousness of the condition, a declaration of war on five fronts has been proposed for heart failure. Efforts are underway to treat heart failure by enhancing myofilament sensitivity to Ca(2+); transfer of the gene for SERCA2a, the protein that pumps calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the cardiomyocyte, seems promising in a phase 2 trial. Several other abnormal calcium-handling proteins in the failing heart are candidates for gene therapy; many short, non-coding RNAs--ie, microRNAs (miRNAs)--block gene expression and protein translation. These molecules are crucial to calcium cycling and ventricular hypertrophy. The actions of miRNAs can be blocked by a new class of drugs, antagomirs, some of which have been shown to improve cardiac function in animal models of heart failure; cell therapy, with autologous bone marrow derived mononuclear cells, or autogenous mesenchymal cells, which can be administered as cryopreserved off the shelf products, seem to be promising in both preclinical and early clinical heart failure trials; and long-term ventricular assistance devices are now used increasingly as a destination therapy in patients with advanced heart failure. In selected patients, left ventricular assistance can lead to myocardial recovery and explantation of the device. The approaches to the treatment of heart failure described, when used alone or in combination, could become important weapons in the war against heart failure.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Eating disorders studied
Janice Bremis began her battle with anorexia nervosa at age 17. Now at age 65, Bremis is sharing her story for a study on how genetic makeup influences a person’s chances of developing an eating disorder.
Bremis, who founded the Campbell-based Eating Disorders Resource Center (EDRC), is urging others to share their stories for the Eating Disorders Genetic Initiative (EDGI), an international study at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill that aims to identify the hundreds of genes that influence a person’s risk of developing anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder.
“The EDGI research study is so important because it offers the potential to find a cure for eating disorders and the discovery of effective, evidence-based treatment options,” Bremis said in a statement.
Bremis is a strong believer that genes play a significant role in the development of eating disorders, given there is a history of disordered eating in her family.
“I believe eating disorders are not a choice, but rather a combination of genes, personality and the environment,” she said.
Participants in the EDGI study must be U.S. residents age 18 or older and must experience symptoms of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder during their lifetime.
EDGI takes participants’ DNA samples and compares their genotypes to those of individuals who don’t have an eating disorder.
The EDRC provides support for individuals struggling with eating disorders and offers education and outreach programs on early signs and interventions of eating disorders.
For more information on the study, visit edgi.org


Self-respect is a precursor to self-awareness. When you understand and value yourself, your perspective and skill set, you’re able to engage others with equal respect.
Shared goals unify diverse personalities in the workplace. Being a team player doesn't mean sacrificing your opinion, but prioritizing the ultimate purpose.
Don't take conflicts personally. Others' behavior stems from their own issues, not your character. Create space to manage a team with different personalities.
Master your emotions to show competence effortlessly and excel in any situation, projecting confidence and professionalism.
Embrace workplace conflicts and address them directly. Confrontation is uncomfortable but necessary for effective leadership and fostering empathy.
Understanding how to manage a team with different personalities is a skill that’s relevant for managers and employees alike. Put the following strategies to use to realize your team’s full potential:
The more you understand each person you have on staff, the more efficient your team is. Take time to interact with each employee to build high-quality relationships.
Lead by example when managing a diverse team. Adapt your communication style to each individual, being sensitive to their preferences and adjusting accordingly.
Take notes, record important information, and ask clarifying questions to retain knowledge. Avoid asking others to repeat themselves to demonstrate competence.


One of the more useful metaprograms is the one that is called “sameness/difference” Our brain works by making things the same. Evolutionary this has a great advantage because once your learn that a specific tiger is dangerous you don’t have to learn that again for the next tiger you meet. Sameness makes life saver. So the brain filters out differences. Nevertheless in some people the brain filters out less differences and in others more. That distinction can be described within NLP with the metaprogram “sameness/difference”.
Judgement: this is the belief that ‘such and such is the case’. Thus, judgement involves admitting having encountered an identical case: it thus presupposes comparison, with the help of memory. Judgement does not create the appearance of an identical case. Instead, it believes it perceives one; it works on the supposition that identical cases even exist. But what is that function, which must be much older and have been at work much earlier, that levels out and assimilates cases in themselves dissimilar? What is that second function which, on the basis of the first, etc. ‘What arouses the same sensations is the same’: but what is it that makes sensations the same, ‘takes’ them as the same? – There could be no judgments at all if a kind of leveling had not first been carried out within the sensations: memory is only possible with a constant underscoring of what has been experienced, has become habit – – Before a judgement can be made, the process of assimilation must already have been completed: thus, here too there is an intellectual activity which does not enter consciousness, as in the case of pain caused by an injury. Probably, all organic functions have their correspondence in inner events, in assimilation, elimination, growth, etc. Essential to start from the body and use it as a guiding thread. It is the far richer phenomenon, and can be observed more distinctly. Belief in the body is better established than belief in the mind. ‘However strongly something is believed, that is not a criterion of truth.’ But what is truth? Perhaps a kind of belief which has become a condition of life? In that case, its strength would indeed be a criterion. E.g., regarding causality.
Notebook 40, August – September 1885 paragraph 15


The Concept of Milieu in Environmental Ethics Individual Responsibility within an Interconnected World
The Concept of Milieu in Environmental Ethics discusses how we can come together to address current environmental problems at the planetary level, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, transborder pollution and desertification.
The book recognises the embedded individual sociocultural and environmental contexts that impact our everyday choices. It asks, in this pluralism of worldviews, how can we build common ground to tackle environmental issues? What is our individual moral responsibility within the larger collaborative challenge? Through philosophical reasoning, this book pragmatically addresses these questions and builds a framework to support sustainable ways of living. At the core of the book, it draws on the concept of milieu (fūdo) inspired by the Japanese philosopher Watsuji Tetsurō, which captures how we act within and perceive our surroundings as a web of culturally, historically and geographically situated meanings and values. It argues that the milieu connects us as individuals with community, past and future history, and the natural world, providing us with common ground for global environmental ethics.
This book will be an engaging and interesting read for scholars, researchers and students in environmental ethics, philosophy and sustainability.
1. Introduction 1.1. Environmental urgency 1.2. Current dominant key ideas 1.3. Pragmatism and need for consensus 1.4. Plan 2. Milieu 2.1. Three-levels model 2.2. Background of the concept of milieu 2.3. Updating the idea of milieu 2.4. Medial matrix shaping individuals 2.5. Ethical action as medial imprint 2.6. Summary 3. Sustainability 3.1. Precaution, diversity and environmental autonomy 3.2. Normative implications 3.3. Limits and priorities 3.4. Summary 4. Responsibility 4.1. Imprints and contributory individual responsibility 4.2. Matrix and capacity-responsibility 4.3. Responsibility to do reparative actions 4.4. Pragmatic safeguards 4.5. Summary 5. Conclusion


When knowing which vaccines are the most important, we need to understand that not all viruses are spread the same way and not all parts of our amazing country have the same rate of infection. Our decisions of what to vaccinate against will be affected by lifestyle and local risk. Your local veterinarian will be able to better discuss lifestyle risk and local disease rates to help you decide which vaccines your cat needs. However, we are guided by cat-expert approved vaccination protocols and guidelines.
All cats, regardless of lifestyle, should be vaccinated against our most common “cold” viruses (feline herpesvirus/rhinotracheitis) and calicivirus. Much like a flu vaccine in people, these vaccines help lessen the severity of infection. The other part of our core vaccine is against the feline distemper. Distemper is also called panleukopenia and is caused by a parvovirus. Much like parvovirus in dogs, cats with panleukopenia are very sick.
Cats that are more free spirited and have access to the great outdoors, including backyards and balconies, must be protected against rabies. Rabies is a direct contact virus spread by bats and other mammals such as raccoons or foxes. Rabies can also spread to people. By protecting our cats, we are helping to protect ourselves. In areas that have higher rates of rabies, such as Ontario, all cats should be vaccinated, as there is a chance of bats or other wildlife getting into our homes.
The other vaccine given to cats that roam protects against feline leukemia virus. This is also a direct contact virus and can be spread by saliva contact including grooming, sharing water bowls, cat fights and bites. Feline leukemia virus is an odd virus in that kittens and young cats are more at risk of developing infection, so protecting kittens – even if we are not sure they will be in contact with other cats – is very important.
Vaccinations are essential to protecting your cat’s health, and we know it is a very complicated subject, with many passionate opinions. As with any aspect of cat health, your veterinarian is always your best resource. From my heart, veterinarians are guided by cat love and love of medicine.


This activity is similar to the one on Creativity, however the ability to make a mental leap / the ability to make a judgment that really looks for originality, is a skill that children are just beginning to develop.
1. It is a tremendous "mental-leap" for young students to STOP... and consider whether or not an idea is original or common. This is especially true when kids come up with their own ideas. The following activities are designed to help children think about the differences between common and exceptional ideas. This is followed by viewing the two goat videos under Creativity Videos. Students are asked to justify what they see as truly creative and that which is common.
2. cIRCLE pROJECT --have kids participate in whole class brainstorming activity based on, "What could a circle be turned into?" For instance, a cookie, a happy face, a apple. Keep the brainstorming going, using the thinking categories below to extend their thinking. The idea is to fill up the board with many ideas that efficiently use up ORDINARY ideas. When you feel kids "think" they are out of ideas, hand each child a sheet of paper with one large circle drawn in the center. Tell children that their challenge is to turn the circle into something that has NOT been named. Below are some CIRCLE PROJECTS completed by older kids AFTER the brainstorming session used up all the ordinary ideas. Show these to children, explaining there are always lots of ideas that are creative that we only think of after ordinary ones are used up! Before children start drawing, they must tell you their idea so that you can be sure it is not on the brainstorm list. ***This activity can be a "partner" activity. A rubric is provided below that can be adapted according to age. Children should see it BEFORE they begin drawing their idea.
THE CIRCLE PROJECT -- (adapt according to age of student)


Are you looking for a quick way to have students check their own work? Or perhaps you’re simply ready to introduce your students to the calculator. Yet, calculators run out of batteries, can be hard to keep track of, and aren’t good for much outside of basic calculations.
This free online calculator is ideal for early learners. Featuring color coded buttons, the calculator makes it easy for students to add, subtract, multiply, and divide. Students simply enter the operation using the buttons and press the purple equals sign. Students can also use the keyboard on a computer instead of the blue number buttons if they prefer. To enter a new equation, students simply press the “clear entry” button, clearing the window. The answer to the previous equation appears above the window.
Using calculators in your lessons can help students learn to solve more complex problems. Through the use of the calculator, students are able to focus more on problem-solving and strategy when approaching word problems.
Note on Exponential Notation: Answers are rounded to four decimal places to keep the display simple. Very large and very small numbers will feature an “e” followed by a number. The number represents the number of decimal places to apply to the number to the left of the “e.” If the number following the “e” is positive, the decimal moves right, and if it is negative, the decimal moves left.
- Example: 52e5= 52 x (10x10x10x10x10) or 5200000 and 52e-5=52÷(10x10x10x10x10) or .00052
Visit classplayground.com for more resources and printables related to math.


After considering all the rules mentioned above as to the various positions, we have to study the process of discharging the arrow. This is called "Hanare." As hitting the mark is, to a great extent, dependent upon the soundness of the "Hanare," this process must be thoroughly understood.
When the arrow is fully drawn, the archer should take aim at the centre of the mark with the right eye. While aiming at the mark, the bow arm, as mentioned in Rule VII. should be kept on pushing forwards very slowly, evenly, and naturally. But this only should be done bearing in mind that the archer is not particularly moving either the left hand or the right hand, but he is expanding his chest. In short, it is most undesirable that the drawing should be done by stretching the arm beyond the natural limit.
When the archer thinks his aim is correct, he loosens the thumb of the right hand, and thus the arrow flies, the bow at the same time turning in the hand, the string striking the outside of the arm.
When the archer is not well trained, it is quite common to see the right hand follow the string as if it were pulled by it. Therefore it is laid down that beginners in archery should discharge the arrow with more force than necessary, and on an assumption that he is going to strike his back with his elbow. Even after discharging the arrow the archer should look at the target.


As legal professionals know, legal techniques in international locations all over the world generally fall into considered one of two predominant categories: common regulation systems and civil regulation techniques. This case is just like a marriage the place the parties are quickly separated or not cohabiting for a wide range of reasons, but nonetheless take into account themselves to be married and dwelling in a conjugal relationship with their partner with the intention of dwelling together as soon as potential.
United States federal courts solely act as interpreters of statutes and the structure by elaborating and precisely defining broad statutory language ( connotation 1(b) above), but, in contrast to state courts, do not act as an unbiased supply of frequent legislation.
For we all know that the widespread regulation is that system of law which was launched by the Saxons on their settlement in England, and altered occasionally by proper legislative authority from that point to the date of Magna Carta, which terminates the period of the frequent legislation, or lex non scripta, and commences that of the statute legislation, or Lex Scripta.
Now is an especially exciting time to be learning about English widespread legislation, given the potential changes that lie forward in as we speak’s political, economic and social environment – all these pose challenges to and alternatives for the law.
Though certain legal guidelines apply to frequent-legislation couples equivalent to income tax, insurance coverage, pension or help, frequent-legislation couples would not have a right to marital property after they split up (an equal division) no matter how long they lived collectively.


🤖 AI Proliferation: Exciting Opportunity or Cause for Concern? 🧐
TL;DR: As AI generators and chatbots become increasingly accessible, concerns are growing regarding the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence. The debate centers on whether we can trust this technology that seeks to mimic the human brain.
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant strides, with AI generators and chatbots now readily available to the public. However, the rapid growth of this technology, designed to emulate human cognition, has sparked a wave of questions and apprehensions. 🌊
From classrooms to government institutions, concerns over the fast-evolving, human-like creators persist. This week, the man widely regarded as the 🌎 world’s leading authority on AI has weighed in on the issue, adding to the conversation and raising even more questions. Can we truly trust AI, and if so, to what extent? 🔍
The increasing accessibility of AI technologies brings both excitement and trepidation. On one hand, these innovations promise improved efficiency, productivity, and convenience. On the other hand, there are valid concerns about job displacement, privacy issues, and ethical dilemmas. How can we strike a balance between embracing AI’s potential and addressing these legitimate concerns? ⚖
As AI continues to permeate various aspects of our lives, it is essential to engage in open, thoughtful discussions about its potential impact. This includes conversations about regulations, ethical guidelines, and the responsibilities of AI creators and users. How can we ensure that AI serves humanity’s best interests, rather than working against them? 🤔
The debate surrounding AI’s rapid advancement will undoubtedly continue as the technology becomes even more sophisticated and integrated into society. As we move forward, it is crucial to remember that AI is a tool created by humans, and as such, its ultimate impact will be determined by how we choose to use it. Will we harness AI’s power for good or allow it to exacerbate existing societal issues? 🌟
First seen at MSN News.
How can we best navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by AI? What steps can we take to ensure that AI serves humanity, rather than the other way around? 💡


A team led by Prof. ZHAO Guoping from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has discovered for the first time that radiation induces the translocation of mitochondrial HIGD1A, an important mitochondrial protein, to the nucleus and promotes homologous recombination and radiation resistance, according to a study published in Oncogene.
It is of great significance to analyze the role of mitochondria in radiation sensitivity and to develop new radiosensitizers.
Radiation-induced DNA damage response is the theoretical basis of radiotherapy. How to improve the sensitivity of tumor to radiation is the key factor of clinical radiotherapy.
Recent studies have found that the mitochondrial factor HIGD1A translocates from the mitochondria to the nucleus under severe stress, suggesting that it may play critical extramitochondrial moonlighting roles in DNA damage repair pathway, but the specific mechanism remains clear.
In this study, using bioinformatics analysis, RNA sequencing, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and other techniques, the researchers found that DNA damage-induced of mitochondrial factor HIGD1A translocates into the nucleus, modulates homologous recombination, and affects the sensitivity of multiple tumor cell lines to radiation therapy.
This study demonstrates a novel regulatory role of HIGD1A in DNA damage repair by dynamically regulating the binding of replication protein A1 (RPA1) to SSDNA and timely removing RPA1 from the DNA double-strand break site.
Taken together, these results provide compelling evidence that HIGD1A is a promising target for radiotherapy to sensitizing cancer.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Director's Fund of HFIPS.
Schematic illustration of the mechanism of HIGD1A regulating homologous recombination. (Image by CHEN Bin)
52 Sanlihe Rd., Xicheng District,
Beijing, China (100864)


The main advantages of Using the Controlled Method in Everyday Problem Solving
Using the logical method in everyday problem solver is very beneficial. It can help to establish a base of knowledge that is robust and replicable. The use of this know-how improves living standards. It also helps to fulfill the basic human requires.
Despite these types of benefits, a significant part of scientific disciplines is unnoticed in culture. There is a need to bring scientific disciplines back in the spot light. There is also a ought to better guide science to cope with problems important to the community.
The application of clinical knowledge will help you to address cultural and personal problems. This can be accomplished by engaging more people in scientific disciplines research. In addition, it can bring about education at all levels.
A large number of technologies today are goods of explore. Most medications are developed through research. A lot of the tools all of us use today are products of study as well. Yet , some tools are created in isolation. Addititionally there is the issue of „disciplinary capture. inch This occurs the structural features of a self-control overtake the process.
The logical method has the potential to enhance our world enjoy. It is a effective and ennobling force. In this way, the quest for new know-how mpgpress.com/generated-post/ can easily open a huge vista to get technological expansion. However , in case the quest is self-destructive, there is absolutely no effective basis for the purpose of public business.
The application of science can also help to improve living expectations. For example , finding a cure to get cancer or perhaps energy efficiency could help in order to meet a basic human being need.


DApp and the Relationship with Blockchain
Decentralized Application (DApp) is an application built on the blockchain, also known as a decentralized application. DApp is built on the blockchain network, and the relationship between DApp and blockchain is Like apps built on iOS and Android systems, DApps allow the blockchain to develop various application values, which can be said to have opened the blockchain era.
Decentralized Application DApp
DApp is an app developed for a certain application technology purpose, that is, an application in the blockchain world. Common applications include financial investment, stores, etc., and are constructed in a decentralized way. The deployment and operation on the chain can run automatically after construction. Due to the decentralized nature of the blockchain, all data are open, transparent and immutable.
DApps are decentralized, eliminating the risk of centralized management. Common public chains include ETH, ESO, IOST, TRON, etc. Currently, the Ethereum (ETH) public chain has the most nodes and high security. Most popular with developers.
How to Distinguish DApp from App
APP (Application) is an application downloaded on daily mobile phones, such as Facebook, Line, etc. DApp literally translates to a decentralized APP, just like decentralized Facebook and Line, which are often seen on the Internet To being punished by Facebook for political or sensitive speech, there will be no centralized judgment or punishment in DApps.
If an engineer wants to develop an App, the traditional App must choose the iOS or Android system, and the DApp must be developed on the public chain system of the blockchain, so the difference between the two lies in the different systems and whether the overall management is centralized , in the App, all user data will be controlled by the developer and stored on the developer’s data platform. It is difficult for the user to trace the development method and details of the App, but in the DApp, the data is encrypted and stored in the block On the chain, users can learn all the development data from the blockchain and have control over any virtual assets they own in the DApp


Dr. Ayisha Kurji, a pediatrician in Saskatoon, said the pandemic has led to an increase in the prevalence of eating disorders in children and youth in Saskatchewan and a “dramatic increase” in hospitalizations. According to her ongoing study, eating disorders are on the rise among young people, and she has seen kids as young as 11 and 12 hospitalized due to an eating disorder. She believes there are multiple reasons for these increases including disrupted routines, remote learning, and increased time spent on social media. She offers several things to be on the lookout for, such as changes in eating patterns and behaviors, eating alone, and even the way a young person eats as potential indicators that should be given attention. She also invites parents to consider the importance of seeking support as soon as possible, including support from a physician.
Similar findings have been in the news recently that show this to be a trend across the country. Hospitals, such as Sick Kids in Toronto are reporting a 35% increase in admissions to their eating disorder programs, and a children’s hospital in Hamilton says it’s seen a 90% spike in referrals to its eating disorder program. The Kids Help Phone and other online services are also noting an alarming spike in the number of people seeking help for eating disorders. In a study drawing participants from many provinces across Canada, they found that during the first wave of the pandemic, monthly new cases of anorexia and atypical anorexia increased by more than 60 percent and monthly hospitalization nearly tripled compared to pre-pandemic rates, and call for early and more attention to be paid to children and youth’s mental health, and to the protective factors that can support them.
For more information on disordered eating, please visit:
This website is for educational purposes. If the situation is urgent, please call 911, or your local emergency services providers.


Here’s another great story from the new British Archaeology, which went live online today (February 8). Conservation of a hoard of late Roman bronze pots and pans found near Pewsey, Wiltshire, has revealed they were packed with plants, among which were bracken and knapweed flowers.
Eight mostly plain vessels had been carefully nested inside each other. There’s a bit of tinning on some of them, so I coloured the diagram silver rather than a reddish bronze.
The plants gave a rare radiocarbon date for a hoard, of AD380–550, placing its burial most probably in post-Roman (after AD410) or Anglo-Saxon times. It may be contemporary with a nearby early Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Blacknall Field.
Three men and a woman with metal detectors made the discovery in late 2014 (Tony Millett writing in Marlborough Online – nearly opposite me across our little street! – identifies the detectorists as “Mick Rae, Rob Abbott and their friend Dave”, and credits photos to Marina Rae).
In an example of how the Treasure Act can have some odd results, the hoard is not legally treasure (which it would have been if prehistoric, or if Roman, of precious metal). Were it treasure, the pans would be independently valued and museums would have the chance to raise money to buy them from the finders. The finders have kept the vessels, but have given the fragile organic remains to the Wiltshire Museum: they are on display there now. What will happen to the pans is entirely in the hands of their new owners.
More details in British Archaeology. The digital magazine can be viewed now. Members and subscribers will be receiving their magazine in the post, and it will be in the shops on Friday.
3 thoughts on “Roman bronze pots and pans buried with flowers”
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Why Four Gospels?
$13.99 – $24.99
A short but thorough discussion of the order in which the gospels were written, challenging the dominant view, which is Markan priority.
Why do we have four gospels in the New Testament? How were they written, preserved, and chosen?
In Why Four Gospels? noted Greek and New Testament scholar David Alan Black concisely and clearly presents the case for the early development of the gospels, beginning with Matthew, rather than Mark. This is much more than a discussion of the order in which the gospels were written. Using both internal data from the gospels themselves and an exhaustive and careful examination of the statements of the early church fathers, Dr. Black places each gospel in the context of the early development of Christianity.
Though Markan priority is the dominant position still in Biblical scholarship, Dr. Black argues that this position is not based on the best evidence available, that the internal evidence is often given more weight than it deserves and alternative explanations are dismissed or ignored.
If you would like an outline of the basis for accepting both early authorship of the gospels and the priority of Matthew, this book is for you.
|Dimensions||9 × 6 × 0.2922 in|
Hardback (Case Laminate), Paperback
Additional Book DataISBN: 978-1-893729-87-2
Dave Black blogs at Dave Black Online.
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Man, the fun stuff you learn writing a book about wiping out all life on Earth.
I was trying to put some sort of statistical likelihood on how often the Sun plows into a dense cloud of dust called a molecular cloud. These clouds orbit the Milky Way like the Sun does, and were we to smash into one, it could, in theory, deposit enough dust in the Earth’s atmosphere to darken our skies somewhat. This would
lower the Earth’s albedo (reflectivity), preventing prevent sunlight from reaching the surface, which in turn would cause a global drop in temperature and trigger an Ice Age.
Clouds like this are pretty rare, and tend to hang out in the spiral arms of galaxies. So how close are we to a spiral arm? I did some searching and found out that the Sun is about 6400 light years from the nearest arm, called the Perseus Arm.
I didn’t know that! Interesting.
The Sun orbits the center of the Milky Way at about 200 km/sec. Assuming the arm is just sitting out there like a cosmic traffic jam, we’ll enter it in about 10 million years or so. In reality, the arms move around the center as well, so it’ll actually take us a bit longer. That sounds like a safe enough buffer for me! Also, entering an arm doesn’t guarantee smacking into a cloud, which are actually small as astronomical objects go. We probably don’t do this except once every billion years or so.
So the odds of being killed by entering a molecular cloud are essentially zero for the next few megayears, but then sharply increase (but are still very low) after that. I find this is true a lot in astronomical doomsday scenarios; the odds of dying because the Sun turns into a red giant are zero for the next 6 billion years, but then go to 100% as soon as it expands. However, the Sun is slowly getting hotter with time (as helium builds up in its core due to nuclear fusion), and by my rough calculations the Earth will be too hot for life in a mere 200 million years or so (in 100 million the Earth’s temperature will increase by 10 degrees Fahrenheit, causing a giant global warming, and in one billion years our temperature will be the boiling point of water). So again, we’re safe… for now.


A Lack of Security or of Cultural Capital? Acculturative Conservatism in the Naming Choices of Early 20th-Century U.S. Jews
50 Pages Posted: 9 Oct 2014
Date Written: September 9, 2014
Research demonstrates a marked tendency towards “acculturative conservatism,” whereby immigrants select given names for their children that are “established” -- i.e., popular in an earlier generation of the native population. Two explanations for this tendency are: (a) Immigrants lack the cultural capital to discern which mainstream cultural practices are fashionable; and (b) Immigrants are insecure in their membership in the host society, and they use established names to signal such membership. This paper develops a novel analytic strategy for distinguishing these two mechanisms and uses it to examine unique data on given names among World War II Jewish servicemen and compare them to given names in the general U.S. population. We first demonstrate that the parents of these servicemen exhibited a pattern of acculturation that was (a) selective (in avoiding popular native names with strong Christian associations, and embracing certain unpopular native names) and (b) conservative (in their tendency to favor established popular names relative to newly-popular names). We then show that these parents favored those established names whose popularity was rising and avoided those that whose popularity was declining. This suggests that Jewish immigrants had the mainstream cultural capital to discern recent fashion, but deliberately chose established names so as to express their membership in the U.S. society.
Keywords: Immigration, fashion, acculturation, American Jews, naming
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


A network administrator is verifying the configuration of a newly installed host by establishing an FTP connection to a remote server. What is the highest layer of the protocol stack that the network administrator is using for this operation?
Click on the arrows to vote for the correct answerA. B. C. D. E. F.
The highest layer of the protocol stack that the network administrator is using for establishing an FTP connection to a remote server is the application layer.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an application-layer protocol that enables file transfer between hosts. The application layer is the topmost layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, and it is responsible for providing network services and application support to end-users.
The application layer interacts with the software application that requires network services and provides an interface to the network protocols and services. In this case, the FTP client software running on the host communicates with the FTP server software running on the remote server using the FTP protocol.
The other options listed in the question are layers below the application layer in the OSI model, and they provide services to the application layer.
The presentation layer (option B) is responsible for data representation and encryption/decryption of data for secure transmission. It prepares the data in a format that is understood by the application layer.
The session layer (option C) establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between applications. It ensures that data exchanges are synchronized and orderly.
The transport layer (option D) is responsible for end-to-end delivery of data between hosts. It provides reliable, connection-oriented data transmission using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) or unreliable, connectionless data transmission using UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
The internet layer (option E) is responsible for addressing and routing data packets between hosts on different networks. It uses IP (Internet Protocol) to encapsulate data into packets and forward them to their destinations.
The data link layer (option F) is responsible for the physical transmission of data over a network segment. It defines the format of data on the network and handles error detection and correction.
In summary, the highest layer of the protocol stack that the network administrator is using for establishing an FTP connection to a remote server is the application layer.


Attacks on civilians during wartime are seen as a great evil and a "crime against humanity." Yet such attacks have been fundamental to warfare for thousands of years. The reason is simple. Civilians are attacked because they are the economic underpinning of the armed forces. The earliest written records talk of "pillaging the enemy lands." The reasons for this dreadful practice was twofold. First, but destroying enemy farms and herds, the enemy warriors would, for a year or so, be too busy keeping themselves and their kin alive to bother you. The second reason is the pillaging would force the enemy army to fight, so that the issue could be decided once and for all (until the next war.) Besieging cities made it clear that everyone inside the city was supporting the defense. The idea that civilians should be "exempt" began with the end of the 30 Years War in 1648. That war was particularly horrendous in terms of pillaging and the destruction of urban populations. These agreements cut down on the pillaging for a while. Then along came Napoleon and "total war" and no one has managed to put the genie back in the bottle since. But many of the atrocities against civilians today are committed by armies that are biblical in their organization and methods. Armed young men and teenagers maraud across the landscape in Africa, the Balkans and parts of Asia. They take what they want from local civilians and in the process terrorize the civilians into not opposing them. Adult males are often killed out of hand, another ancient practice, to get rid of potential opposition before they can get armed and organized. Calling this sort of thing a "crime against humanity" may be accurate, but won't stop it. Religious leaders have always preached against war and the pain it inflicts on women and children. But as long as the reasons for war (a whole other subject) you will have many of these wars fought in what the participants consider practical ways.