This study focuses on assessing the state of population distribution, land cover distribution, biodiversity hotspots, and protected areas in global coastal zones. The coastal zone is defined as land within 100 km of the coastline. This study attempts to answer such questions as: how crowded are the coastal zones, what is the pattern of land cover distribution in these areas, how much of these areas are designated as protected areas, what is the state of the biodiversity hotspots, and what are the interconnections between people and coastal environment. This study uses globally consistent and comprehensive geospatial data-sets based on remote sensing and other sources. The application of Geographic Information System (GIS) layering methods and consistent datasets has made it possible to identify and quantify selected coastal zones environmental issues and their interconnections. It is expected that such information provide a scientific basis for global coastal zones management and assist in policy formulations at the national and international levels.
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Vol. 32 • No. 2


5 Signs of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive disease that causes inflammation between the joints. In patients diagnosed with RA, the immune system mistakenly attacks joint cells, which results in severe joint pain and swelling. The most commonly affected areas are the hands, wrists, and feet. It's not clear as to what exactly causes RA, but doctors have discovered certain risk factors including:
Some patients will go through periods where they do not experience any symptoms and periods when symptoms flare up without warning. Early diagnosis of RA is significant in preventing later complications. The following warning signs may warrant a trip to your doctor's office.
One of the first symptoms patients experience is extreme exhaustion. A patient's lack of energy can become particularly noticeable once it begins to affect their everyday activities, relationships, sexual drive, and work productivity.
People with RA tend to have a slightly raised temperature, which often comes prior to any pain or swelling within the joints.
3. Weight Loss
Unexplained weight loss often occurs in patients with RA, as the sickly feeling that comes with fever and fatigue may cause them to start losing their appetites.
4. Joint Pain and Tenderness
Pain and tenderness within the hands, fingers, wrists, and feet are characteristic signs of RA. The joints at the middle and base of the fingers and base of the toes may become tender when pressed on or moved.
The onset of stiffness within the joints often comes slowly and lasts for numerous days. This often occurs in one or two joints (usually within the fingers), and sometimes a general feeling of stiffness may affect the entire body.
If you or someone you know is experiencing any or all of these symptoms, it's important to visit your medical provider. Early diagnosis and treatment of RA can reduce future complications from the disease. MCO's joint and pain management specialists can help you find ways to relieve your chronic pain from RA. We also offer a chronic pain support group that meets on the second Thursday of every month at 5:45 p.m. in MCO's physical therapy conference room.


The present advent is a online storage system that allows users to produce and retail store sequential data sets, lacking the host computer to get the data in chunks. This invention provides an valuable means to commit space upon disk hard drives.
A digital storage system of the invention is essentially a processor chip that allocates space over a fast disc memory device to store a data place. The invention also features an external memory system that decides where you can store the information. This memory space subsystem is very important for huge storage performance.
The present advent uses data compression and decompression methods to improve storage space efficiency. The invention also includes an intelligent mind subsystem to perform different data backup operations. The invention also has the capability to immediately retrieve a duplicate of a shadow recording. This provides an added degree of versatility and reliability inside the operation of the storage program.
The invention could be made from commercially available elements. Introduced is particularly suitable with regards to large mainframes. The invention can also be used in conjunction with modifications to the operating system within the host. The invention can be coupled in any manner that is effortless.
The invention may be used to store specific pages of cap formalites com info in structures within a info cache. The invention also has the good thing about being able to provide a large number of info sets on a single magnetic storage space medium. Additionally, it introduces the concept of variable volumes of prints.


September is National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month. In the United States, about 1 in 6 children has obesity and 1 in 3 is overweight or obese. Obesity is a serious health condition that has no simple solution, but everyone can help work towards ending obesity.
Why is childhood obesity important?
The rate of childhood obesity is more than 4 times higher than it was four decades ago. People with obesity are at risk for type 2 diabetes, asthma, bone and joint problems, and sleep apnea. Also, children with obesity are more likely to have obesity as adults.
What influences childhood obesity?
There are many things that can contribute to childhood obesity. These can include eating and exercise, genetics, home environment, and community factors. For many children, these are large factors for obesity:
- too much time spent being inactive
- lack of sleep
- lack of places to go in the community to get physical activity
- easy access to inexpensive, high calorie foods and sugary beverages
- lack of access to affordable, healthier foods
How can I help childhood obesity?
There are many things that you can do to help a child have a healthy weight. These can include:
- Giving a child healthy, lower calorie foods like fruits and vegetables and avoiding sugary drinks.
- Joining a child in fun physical activity. This could be a walk around the neighborhood, a sports game in a park, or even fun dances inside of a house. The possibilities are endless!
- Talk with the child’s healthcare professional about their weight and strategies to keep a child healthy.


Alma Reville Biography
Birthday: August 14, 1899 (Leo)
Born In: Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England, United Kingdom
Popularly known as Lady Hitchcock, Alma Lucy Reville was a notable film editor and scriptwriter who majorly assisted her British-American director husband, Alfred Hitchcock, in filmmaking. She had already established a firm foothold in the film industry as an editor when Hitchcock made his debut. Nonetheless, she mostly preferred to stay behind the scenes rather than venturing into the domain of filmmaking. Having begun her career in the prestigious Twikenham Film Studios, she later moved to the Famous Players-Lasky’s Studio where she worked with Hitchcock in various projects. However, ‘The Pleasure Garden’ was their first independent joint venture with Hitchcock as a debutant director. Alma soon became an inevitable part of Hitchcock‘s team and together they produced some timeless films, such as ‘The Ring’, ‘The Mountain Eagle’, ‘the Lady Vanishes’, ‘Psycho’. She also worked with many other significant directors, such as Henrik Galeen, Maurice Elvey and Berthold Viertel. After moving to California with her family, she went on to contribute to Alfred Hitchcock’s Hollywood career in a remarkable way. Hitchcock, on many occasions, had spoken at large about how Alma Reville inspired and aided him in becoming one of the most influential filmmakers of all times.


Lung cancer and Ayurveda
Lung cancer is one of the most deadly cancers, taking away more lives every year than any other type of cancer. It usually occurs in adults over the age of 45 years. The ayurvedic medicine is increasingly being used to control lung cancer by helping in improving the survival rate and quality of life. The ayurvedic medicines for lung cancer are given as an additional therapy to the ongoing treatment.
One such medicine that helps to control the lung cancer is bambusa arundinacea or vanshlochan that works to prevent and reduce the spread of lung cancer to other parts of the body. Vanshlochan is a bamboo exudate, which is a form of herbal silica obtained from female bamboo trees. This ayurvedic medicinal herb is very effective in curing lung cancer. It is also helpful against upper and lower respiratory disorders. It works to clean the respiratory system and provides relief to the lung cancer patients. It is an effective herb for treatment of cough related problems as well.
It has proven to be greatly effective in treating lung cancer. It is commonly known as bans and the leaves are used in the treatment. The combination of herbal product bambusa arundinacear with modern medicine works to produce the best anti-inflammatory drug and is useful in treatment of lung cancer. The possible combination is bambusa arundinacear with piper longum and cinnamomum camphora for curing lung cancer.
Ayurvedic Medicines for Lung Cancer
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that uses natural herbs to cure diseases. The herbs are completely natural and safe and work to enhance the body functioning in an herbal way. Herbs are an integral part of nature and can promote health and alleviate diseases.
Though numerous studies have been conducted on the different parts of bambusa arundinacea, but still there’s lack of scientific evidence in its cure for lung cancer. It is a medicinal tree and more research needs to be done to investigate the potential of this plant.
The information shared in this blog post is for educational purposes only. Share your thoughts on ayurveda for lung cancer with us in the comments.


Region, primarily made up of the frozen Arctic Ocean, that surrounds the North Pole. Land masses include islands and the northern parts of the European, Asian, and North American continents.
Area: 14.056 million sq. km (5.4 million sq. mi.), largely frozen ocean.
Geographic North Pole: Northern end of Earth's axis, located at about latitude 90°N.
Magnetic North Pole: Continues to shift and is located at approximately 82°N and 114°W in the Queen Elizabeth Islands of northern Canada.
Terrain: Central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness; the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses.
Climate: Polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow.
Regions: The Arctic is divided by the summer isotherm, a climatic boundary between regions with summer temperatures averaging 50°F (or 10°C)—the subarctic—and colder regions (the true Arctic).
Elevation extremes: Lowest point: Fram Basin –4,665 m. Highest point: sea level 0 m.
Here are the facts and trivia that people are buzzing about.


Dark Chocolate fights inflammation14 years, 8 months ago
Posted on Sep 29, 2008, 7 a.m.
By Rich Hurd
Good news for chocolate lovers "“ new research suggests that eating a piece of dark chocolate each day may help to reduce inflammation, a known risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Good news for chocolate lovers "“ new research suggests that eating a piece of dark chocolate eat day may help to reduce inflammation, a known risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Italian researchers found that people who eat small amounts of dark "“ not milk "“ chocolate regularly have significantly lower levels of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. The association between dark chocolate consumption and C-reactive protein remained even after adjustment for age, sex, social status, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, BMI, waist:hip ratio, food groups, and total energy intake.
The researchers conclude: “Our findings suggest that regular consumption of small doses of dark chocolate may reduce inflammation.” The optimum amount of chocolate in the study was up to 1 serving (20 g) every 3 days.
di Giuseppe R, Di Castelnuovo A, Centritto F, Zito F, De Curtis A, Costanzo S, Vohnout B, Sieri S, Krogh V, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L. Regular consumption of dark chocolate is associated with low serum concentrations of C-reactive protein in a healthy italian population. J Nutr. 2008;138:1939-1945.


Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the base of the federal government. The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural. This plays a large role in politics. The head of state is the King, and the head of government is the Prime Minister. In 2010 the population exceeded 27.5 million. It is located in the tropic.
Some of its waters in the Coral Triangle, the waters around Sipadan Island and the Sulu Sea of the eastern part of the country, are a biodiversity hotspot, with 600 coral species and over 1000 fish species. Two thirds of Malaysia is covered in forest, and some of the forests are believed to be 130 million years old. There are around 14,500 species of plants and trees. These forests are home to the Rafflesia genus, the largest flowers in the world, with a diameter that can reach 3 feet. The Malaysian government tries to balance economic growth with environmental protection. 28 national parks have been established. Tourism has been limited in areas such as Sipadan Island because animal trafficking is a huge issue.
Traditional Malaysian art excels in the areas of carving, weaving, and silversmithing. Local artwork includes the ornamental Kris, beetle nut sets, and woven batik and fabrics. Native East Malaysians are known for their wooden masks. Traditional Malay music is based around percussion instruments, the most important being the drum. There are at least 14 types of traditional drums. Music is customarily used for storytelling.
Malaysia’s cuisine reflects the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural influences of its population. Many of the influences come from the Malay, Chinese, Indian, Thai, Javanese, and Sumatran cultures. This is primarily due to Malaysia being art of the ancient spice route.
October to November is the optimum time to visit Malaysia. The two monsoon seasons have passed; the temperatures have lowered and are still warm enough to enjoy the beaches and diving. It is also before the high holiday season of December and January where everywhere is overcome with local travelers on vacation.
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Preventing dental issues is the goal, but sometimes life happens. Cavities can occur, accidents can happen, teeth can break. Restorative dental care is all about restoring your tooth back to it’s natural function and appearance. Restorative dentistry includes treatments like fillings, root canal treatment, and dental crowns. Restoring a tooth with one of these treatments can save a tooth from extraction, as well as the way to protect it from future complications. Restorative treatment not only protects the tooth that is being restored, but the surrounding teeth can also benefit. This type of care restores the health and integrity of your teeth.
Most cavities can be prevented with good oral hygiene and mindful eating and drinking. However, some cavities can occur despite our best efforts. Teeth grinding can cause tiny cracks in teeth that can cause cavities. Hereditary genes can cause weaker enamel. Whatever the cause of the cavity, if treated early, a cavity can be stopped. A cavity is a hole in the tooth’s enamel. Over time, harmful bacteria can get inside the hole and cause it to deepen into the inner layers of the tooth. A filling can stop a cavity from growing. Your dentist will disinfect the area and restore the tooth with a biocompatible composite resin like the one used in cosmetic bonding. The resin will look and act like your natural tooth.
Root canal treatment
Also known as endodontics, root canal treatment can treat cavities that progressed to the inner layers of the tooth. Once a cavity reaches the inner pulp of the tooth, there can be a lot of pain. If left untreated, the canal can become infected, and the infection can spread throughout your body. A root canal treatment removes the infected area including parts of the tooth, disinfects the area, and fills it in. A dental crown is usually used to cover the remainder of the tooth to protect it from further damage. If root canal treatment is not done, the next step may be an extraction of the tooth.
Restoring a damaged or infected tooth is important
Visit your dentist to discuss your restorative dentistry options. To learn more, schedule a consultation by calling Cosmetic & Implant Dentistry of Kansas City, MO, today at 816-897-4288.


Are robots taking over the world? Let's hope not! But what if they could help predict and prevent osteoporosis?
In a recent study from Scientific Reports, doctors used artificial intelligence (AI) to predict a patient's osteoporosis, osteopenia, or healthy bone mass density (BMD). The goals of this study were to better understand risk factors for osteoporosis and to create AI that will appropriately recommend exercises based on each person's health history.
Over 1,200 men and women participated in the study. Each participant underwent a DXA scan of their femoral neck (hip bone), femur, and lumbar spine to determine the BMD in each of those areas. Based off of that data, as well as many other risk factors, the several AI algorithms were developed and were able to predict diagnosis with between 75% and 93% accuracy. The AI algorithms also recommended exercise programs involving resistance, aerobic, balance training as well as walking and swimming among other things.
This is one of a few initial studies looking into how AI can predict and prevent osteoporosis. As the authors concluded, these initial models can be a great tool for predicting when people are at risk of developing osteoporosis and provide them with a good path for treating their osteoporosis.


How Much Blood Is Circulating in Your Body?
As humans, we tend to take things for granted – starting with our own bodies. The human body is a miraculous and complex system made up of organs, tissues, bones, veins, arteries, plasma, blood, and so much more. Most of our body parts are critical for our survival, yet we don't think about them much – unless something goes wrong.
For example, have you ever wondered how much blood is circulating in your body? The average adult has around five liters (1.3 gallons) of blood, which accounts for around 10% of their weight. And while a human infant only has about as much blood as a 10-pound (4.54-kg) cat (roughly one cup, or 0.2 liters), a six-year-old child has about the same amount of blood as an adult. However, due to their smaller size, a child's blood accounts for a much greater proportion of their body weight than an adult's.
It is estimated that someone in the U.S. needs a blood transfusion every two seconds, which makes giving blood critical – especially for individuals with rare blood groups. There's a good reason, though, why you can't donate a pint of blood (0.57 liters) every day, or even every week. Though new red blood cells are constantly being made in the bone marrow, it can take up to six weeks for your blood to fully regenerate after a donation.
It's all in the blood:
- Various factors can affect the quantity and composition of your blood, including your location. At high altitudes, your body will produce more red blood cells because there is less oxygen available. And during pregnancy, a woman's blood volume increases by 30 to 50 percent to support her growing fetus.
- Human blood is made up of plasma, red and white blood cells, and platelets, along with dissolved electrolytes and nutrients that are transported around the body.
- Red blood cells have a lifespan of approximately 120 days.
- Although most people are familiar with the common blood types A, B, AB, and O, there are actually around 30 different blood types/blood groups.
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We will never forget!
Today we remember Patriot Day, officially known as National Day of Service and Remembrance, in honor of the individuals who lost their lives as a result of terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.
Additionally, a moment of silence is observed today to correspond with the attacks, beginning at 8:46 a.m. (Eastern Daylight Time), the time the first plane, American Airlines Flight 11, struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
The September 11 attacks, also called 9/11 attacks, were a series of airline hijackings and suicide attacks committed in 2001 by 19 militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda against targets in the United States, the deadliest terrorist attacks on American soil in U.S. history.
On December 18, 2001, President George W. Bush officially designated September 11th as Patriot Day. The day has also been designated as a day that the U.S. flag should be flown at half-staff from sunrise to sundown, not just until noon as is done on Memorial Day.
The World Trade Center’s South Tower collapses at 9:59 a.m., Sept. 11, 2001. The collapse caused flaming debris and rubble to crash down on the New York City streets below. (Getty Images photo by Thomas Nilsson/Released)
FBI agents, fire fighters, rescue workers and engineers work at the Pentagon crash site on Sept. 14, 2001, where a hijacked American Airlines flight slammed into the building on Sept. 11. The terrorist attack caused extensive damage to the west face of the building and followed similar attacks on the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. (DoD photo by Tech. Sgt. Cedric H. Rudisill/Released)


Why is trot popular in Korea?
Trot (트로트, RR: teuroteu) is a genre of Korean popular music, known for its use of repetitive rhythm and vocal inflections….Trot (music)
|Etymology||from the English word foxtrot|
|Stylistic origins||Korean folk enka ryūkōka blues jazz European popular folk music|
Is trot considered Kpop?
Trot is technically a different genre of Korean music but can be seen as a sub-genre of Kpop because it was once a mainstream popular style of music way bay in the day like I think it was big in the 1970s-80s. Trot has a distinct sound or rhythm of the music.
Is orange caramel a trot?
Advertisement: Orange Caramel is a three-member sub unit of the K-Pop Girl Group After School. While their main group’s image is more based towards sexiness, Orange Caramel’s songs have featured a retro Trot sound and are almost always accompanied by a bright, colorful and quirky music video.
Is there a dance called the Turkey Trot?
The turkey trot was a dance made popular in the early 1900s. The Turkey Trot was done to fast ragtime music popular in the decade from 1900 to 1910 such as Scott Joplin’s Maple Leaf Rag.
When was trot popular in Korea?
In the 1980s, trot was the main musical genre in Korea with singers like Nam Jin, Seol Undo and Na Hoon-a. With the rise of the K-pop idol format in the 1990s, trot saw a major decline in popularity until 2004, when trot singer Jang Yoon-jung’s “Eomeona” (Oh My Goodness) became a hit.
Which is faster a pacer or a trotter?
Pacers are much more common than trotters, and they tend to go faster. With trotters, the diagonal legs move in unison. The trotting gait is more natural for the horse so most do not need equipment to help them trot, although some wear loops on their front legs to maintain their rhythm, called trotting hobboles.


Shares of stock represent proportional ownership in a company. Debentures are a company's unsecured debt obligations backed by the general credit of the issuer. Both securities can be used to raise capital. Depending on a company's goals, debentures may offer several advantages over issuing shares.
When a corporation issues more stock, its current shareholder stakes may be diluted. For example, a shareholder who owns 100,000 out of 1 million shares of stock outstanding owns 10 percent of the company. If the company issues 500,000 more shares, that 100,000-share stake will shrink to 6.7 percent. Earnings per share will also shrink because they are calculated by dividing net earnings by the total number of shares outstanding. As debt securities, debentures do not cause dilution, although they might negatively impact earnings per share because of the added interest expense.
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Preserve Current Corporate Structure
A corporation can issue new stock when it can find buyers for it. If the current shareholders are not able or willing to buy more stock, new shareholders will come on board and change the current ownership structure. As debt securities, debentures do not represent ownership in a company and do not affect the current ownership structure.
Stocks are perpetual securities: once a corporation issues shares, it is under no obligation to redeem them. A shareholder must find a buyer if he wants to dispose of his stake. When a company issues new shares, it shares the ownership with new shareholders forever. Debentures are issued for a limited time and repaid in full. A corporation can raise capital through debentures when it needs the money and pay it back when it has a fund surplus.
A debenture has a maturity date when it must be repaid in full and a call date when it can be redeemed, or called, by the issuer prior to maturity. The issuer must pay interest on the debenture but if it can find cheaper financing elsewhere, it can call the debenture and issue a new security at a lower cost.


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Semantic code search for open source: Sourcegraph
A goldmine of open source code is available to programmers, but choosing the right library and understanding how to use it can be tricky. Sourcegraph has created a search engine and code browser to help developers find better code and build software faster.
Sourcegraph is a code search engine and browsing tool that semantically indexes all the open source code available on the web. You can search for code by repository, package, or function and click on fully linked code to read the docs, jump to definitions, and instantly find usage examples. And you can do all of this in your web browser, without having to configure any editor plugin.
Sourcegraph was created by two Stanford grads, Quinn Slack and Beyang Liu, who, after spending hours hunting through poorly documented code, decided to build a tool to help them better read and understand code.
Try searching for popular projects like Docker, the AWS Java SDK, Kubernetes, redis-py, or your own project.


Defining and Measuring Compliance With Oral Appliance Therapy
Oral appliance therapy (OAT) is a proven, effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, it can only be effective when it is used, which is why compliance – “the extent to which a patient’s behaviors match the prescriber’s recommendations”1 – is a necessary component of OAT.
Over the years, qualified dentists have individually used various metrics to define a patient’s compliance. Currently, there is no standardized definition for oral appliance therapy (OAT) compliance.
In developing a standardized definition for OAT compliance, the task force recognizes that compliance involves two components – the number of hours of sleep and the number of hours of oral appliance (OA) use. The prescriber recommendations for OAT are that patients sleep a minimum of 7 hours per night and wear the appliance for the duration of their sleep every night. Although it is not always possible for patients to get the recommended amount of sleep, OAs are most therapeutically effective when patients sleep 7 hours or more,2 so qualified dentists should educate patients on the importance of proper sleep duration and encourage patients to get at least 7 hours of sleep each night. When treating patients with OSA, the qualified dentist becomes a frequent point of contact with the patient and plays an important role in encouraging habits that will increase the chances of OAT success.


The message has been clear from countless sources: parents need to read to their children. But what parents really need to know is how they read makes all the difference in the development of their children’s vocabulary, comprehension and critical thinking skills. Research has shown that by reading with their children – not to them – parents greatly increase children’s language and literacy, developing the foundation they need to enter kindergarten as strong, confident learners on a path to grade level reading and so much more – for a lifetime. Plus, story time will be more fun as parents help their children become storytellers themselves.
To help parents learn key things to do at story time, the Rollins Center for Language & Learning at the Atlanta Speech School has partnered with the Junior League of Atlanta to produce the complimentary video READ. In just five minutes, parents learn what they can do to make books come alive for their children and increase their learning: Repeat Books, Engage and Enjoy, Ask Questions, and Do More. A two-page coaching sheet recaps the four steps, and provides more information on the research that is the basis for the READ strategy. This video is narrated by Justin Cook, a 2010 graduate of the Atlanta Speech School’s Wardlaw School, and is posted on the school’s website, atlantaspeechschool.org.
The Rollins Center is committed to providing teachers and school leaders professional development in research-based strategies to foster the language and literacy skills of young children. Recognizing parents as teachers’ key partners in a child’s learning, the Rollins Center and the Junior League have produced this video in support of the goal of the Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students’ vision that “by 2020, all Georgia students will enter kindergarten prepared to succeed and on a path to ‘read to learn’ by third grade.”
Founded 75 years ago by Katherine Hamm in partnership with the Junior League of Atlanta, the Atlanta Speech School is one of the world’s most comprehensive centers for language and literacy. Through the work of its four schools and five clinics, the School impacts the lives of 1,400 children and adults at the Atlanta Speech School and thousands more children beyond our campus through our Rollins Center for Language & Learning professional development program. The Rollins Center thanks Peachtree Publishers for the use of The Scarecrow’s Hat by Ken Brown.


Experience of Mount Longonot Trekking
About Mt Longonot Hiking Day Tour
Mount Longonot is a stratovolcano located southeast of Lake Naivasha in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya, Africa.
It is thought to have last erupted in the 1860s. Its name is derived from the Maasai word Oloonong'ot, meaning "mountains of many spurs" or "steep ridges". Rising from the floor of the Great Rift Valley like a monolith is the extinct volcano of Mount Longonot. A unique feature is the thick forest that lies within the crater of the mountain. The crater rim also provides great scenic views across the beautiful Rift Valley all the way to Lake Naivasha. Major wildlife attractions at Mount Longonot include buffaloes, elands, lion, leopard, bushbucks, common zebra, giraffe and Grant’s gazelles. Typifing the stormy volcanic roots of the Great Valley, Mount Longonot Mountain is a fascinating inactive volcano that overlooks the beautiful landscape of Lake Navisha area in Kenya.
Mt Longonot is a dormant stratovolcano mountain located some 68km from Nairobi.
The mount Longonot height is 2780m above sea level and it has a wide crater at the top with small green trees and volcanic spaced steam vents along the crater wall.
The mountain is located inside of a park bearing the same name.


Capella (α Aurigae, α Aur, Alpha Aurigae) is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga, the eleventh brightest star in the night sky and the third brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus and Vega.
Although it appears to be a single star to the naked eye, it is actually a star system of four stars in two binary pairs. The first pair consists of two bright, large type-G giant stars, both with a radius about 10 times the Sun's, in close orbit around each other. These two stars are thought to be cooling and expanding on their way to becoming red giants.
The second pair, around 10,000 astronomical units from the first, consists of two faint, small and relatively cool red dwarfs. The Capella system is relatively close, at only 42.2 light-years (12.9 pc) from Earth.
The system is a member of the Hyades moving group, a group of stars moving in the same direction as the Hyades cluster.
References[change | change source]
- ↑ Kaler, James B. 2002. Capella, in The hundred greatest stars, Springer. ISBN 0-387-95436-8 (see §18); doi:10.1007/0-387-21625-1_19.
- ↑ Ayres T.R. 1984. Capella HL. In Cool stars, stellar systems, and the Sun, edited by Sallie L. Baliunas and Lee Hartmann, Berlin/Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 1984, Lecture Notes in Physics, 193, pp. 202–204.
- ↑ Famaey B. et al. 2007. The Hyades stream: an evaporated cluster or an intrusion from the inner disk? Astronomy and Astrophysics 461, #3, 957–962.


The concept of viral load in hepatitis C - norm and pathology
Methods of determining viral load
As you know, there are several varieties of hepatitis, but only one of them, and that is exactly the kind denoted by the letter C, is the most dangerous as it can occur completely asymptomatic. As a result the person can be a carrier and vector of infection and not even know it. Some form of the disease not only completely invisible but also absolutely harmless to the carrier. Only when entering the active phase of the virus begins to progress and provide discomfort to the infected person. The other types of the disease have pronounced symptoms, which allows early treatment and to counteract the disease. Viral load for hepatitis b or A has clear indicators and is used in most cases to determine the stage of development of the disease.
If a qualitative method only shows the presence of RNA, the quantitative analysis determines the degree of spread of the disease. There is a certain norm, the so-called boundary measure which, if exceeded, it is necessary to start specific treatment. Compliance with the rule and its digital indicator is an important part of the predict and assess the propagation of infection. 800 000 IU/ml is an indicator of the norm. Only excess means the beginning of the disease, while the approach to this indicator is the signal for preventive care aimed at reducing this number.
Conclusion on the subject
Viral load and her determination are the most important method of diagnosing hepatitis C. the parameters obtained as a result of such studies indicate the degree of spread of the disease and its character. Needed these numbers to assign the most effective treatment and preventive measures.
1. Mayer K. P. Hepatitis and consequences of hepatitis. - M.: Geothermal, 2001. - 424 p.
2. Maliy V. P., Zvyagintsev, Etc., Titovskiy S. P. HCV infection (acute and chronic):clinical-pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects. - K. B. I., 2005. - 292 p.
3. Yastrebova O. N. Hepatitis C. the Information-methodical manual. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 40 p.


The disease can affect anyone of any age. It is estimated that about one million Americans have the disease. While it is more common among women, men can also develop ME. It can also affect children under 10 years old. However, the exact prevalence of the disease is difficult to determine, partly because most health care providers are not aware of the symptoms of ME.
ME/CFS, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome, is a debilitating disorder that affects many parts of the body. The World Health Organisation classifies it as a neurological disorder. More than 15 million people worldwide live with the illness. Most of them are unable to work or perform basic tasks. The disease is chronic and has symptoms that can vary in severity and frequency.
The disease is generally associated with a decreased energy level, which may lead to debilitation. People with ME should consult with a CFS/ME specialist team to confirm the diagnosis and develop a care plan. Initially, physical activity should be reduced. If possible, individuals should be able to progress to more physical activity.
Although there is no cure for ME/CFS, symptoms can be managed. It is not known what causes the disease, but certain factors can trigger it. ME/CFS can affect a person’s mental, emotional, and physical health. People with ME/CFS often feel isolated and lonely, but seeking support from other people suffering from this disease can help.
Various epidemiologic studies have attempted to estimate the prevalence of ME/CFS. Although the prevalence rate varies widely, researchers generally estimate that there are between two and four cases of ME/CFS for every thousand adults. In some cases, however, the true incidence rate is closer to four. It is estimated that a general practitioner could see up to forty patients with ME/CFS in a year.


Optical Systems In Magic Lanterns
The optical system in Magic lanterns was, in the early years, very crude consisting of a light source and a single lens to focus the picture onto a distant screen. Later as an understanding of optics in other fields was developed it was applied to the art of projection resulting in ever sharper pictures on the screen.
The diagram illustrated below shows a later lens/light/picture configuration
The Objective Lens System
This consisted typically of 4 lenses (although the front 2 appear as one being cemented together).It is the objective lens system that is used to focus the image
The objective lens system illustrated shows more clearly the arrangement of the four lenses (marked A,B,C and D). Lanternists frequently were required to give shows in halls of varying sizes so a selection of objective lens systems were carried each of a different focal length. The shorter the focal length of the objective lens system the larger the picture would be on the screen.
Illustration shows a set of objective lenses of different focal lengths each housed in their brass sleeves. Note the addition of the focus knob and a slot to take coloured glass filters so the image could be modified in the projection process.
The Condensor Lens Arrangement
The condenser lens ,as its name implies, is to condense the light in an efficient way onto the slide.There appears to have been no agreed method as to which was the best arrangement of lenses for this so many lanterns had wildly differing condenser lens systems as the next illustration so clearly exemplifies.
Fig 13. Plano Convex lenses
Fig. 14 Meniscus, plano convex lenses
Fig 15.Meniscus, bi convex lens
Fig 16. same arrangement as Fig.15 but with reverse sleeve mount


- Robert Alongi
Early Influenza Vaccination May Be Less Effective
As the flu season approaches and COVID-19 still in play, it is more important now than ever to recommend the flu shot to patients. The CDC recommends annual influenza vaccinations to people ages 6 months and up without contraindications.
For more information about who is eligible for an influenza vaccination: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/whoshouldvax.htm
The CDC recommendation for obtaining an influenza vaccine is mid-to-late October for maximum effectiveness. It is important to note that early vaccination against the flu (July and August) may be less effective and require revaccination, especially in elderly patients. For patients that require 2 doses of the flu shot, it is recommended to start early (September) due to having a minimum 4 weeks apart between shots.
As pharmacists, encouraging patients to become vaccinated against the flu is crucial in prevention of an influenza outbreak. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, patients may obtain a flu shot sooner than recommended by the CDC. Patients, especially those 65 years and older, need to be aware that obtaining a flu shot now may be less effective than obtaining one in late October or require another dose.
For more information on the influenza vaccines and CDC guidelines:


Your business may not be in the advertising sector, but publicizing your products or services through ads and marketing will likely still be crucial. Because advertising may not be in your area of expertise, you may run into some legal complications for unfair competition actions.
One example of this is to confuse puffery with false advertising.
What is puffery?
We see a lot of puffery in advertising today, and it is not illegal. It involves exaggerations or statements meant to attract buyers rather than deceive them. Puffery does not act as a guarantee, and it is typically easy to distinguish puffery from false advertising because it is subjective.
Let’s imagine a local coffee shop. To advertise lawfully, they might use puffery phrases like:
- The best coffee in the world
- A customer favorite
- More delicious than the rest
- No one gives better service
These types of statements are somewhat vague, and they do not make specific promises. Thus, they would likely be lawful puffery claims.
When puffery becomes false advertising
Making grandiose statements to attract customers is one thing; misleading them or making false statements is something else.
False advertising consists of efforts that deceive consumers, use baseless guarantees or present figures without having the data to back them up. Some examples of false advertising can include statements like:
- 50 percent bigger than the competition (when there is no research to back this up)
- FDA-approved (when it is not)
- Safe for all ages (when it is not)
- Made in the USA (when it is not)
Other tactics can include using misleading before and after pictures or giving inaccurate information about ingredients.
When companies make these claims, they could face allegations of deceptive advertising, which can have costly penalties.
Defending against false advertising claims
Knowing the difference between these two approaches may be crucial for business owners. Failure to do so could mean making avoidable mistakes in an advertising plan that lead to unfair competition claims rather than launching a successful campaign.
If a false advertising claim does arise, proving the materials are puffery can be an effective strategy for businesses.


Stars for Schools is a research project for school years 10-13 (ages 14-18). It involves investigating how stars evolve using software and coding on the Raspberry Pi. Students will be able to carry out short research projects, each of which investigates one aspect of the physics or a historical discovery in stellar astronomy.
The project aims both to educate and demonstrate the physical and mathematical beauty of the stars in our sky. Stars are unique laboratories that feel the influence of all physics from tiny-scale quantum mechanics to large-scale general relatively.
Stars for Schools is in two main parts: the software and the course guide.
The Window to the Stars software is the main tool used by students in the project. This is a graphical user interface to the TWIN stellar evolution code which is software used by professional astrophysicists. You can think of this as like a web browser that makes your stars on a computer. The software is provided as a Raspberry Pi image or a virtual machine for use with VirtualBox.
We provide a a detailed guide to using the Window to the Stars software to investigate the physics of stars. This guide is suitable for students with some mathematical and physics knowledge typical of UK school year 10 (aged 14-15) or later. It introduces them to the computational skills and physics of stars as needed.
Completing the work takes about 1-2hr per week over an approximately 12-week term, and can be done both in school and at home. We recommend students try Stars for Schools in the lower-5th (UK year 10, age 14-15) or lower-6th (UK year 12, age 16-17).
Would you like to help?
We are currently seeking academic partners from primarily UK institutions to spread the good word of Window to the Stars.
Are you a professional astrophysicist interested in working with a local school to provide astrophysics and astronomy education?
Do you have members of your team, such as PhD students, who would greatly benefit from this experience?
Are you teaching at a school that wants to be involved and you need a local partner?
If any of these are true then please get in touch by email (firstname.lastname@example.org) and we will organise the material and training, and try to find local academic help for you.


On October 19, 2017, the OCS KEO mooring broke from its anchor and went adrift. Though it drifted in the North Pacific for two full months before being rescued, the buoy stayed in the Kuroshio Extension’s recirculation gyre, and had nearly made its way back to the original anchor location to meet the rescue ship.
The KEO station is located off the coast of Japan. NOAA has maintained a surface mooring there since 2004, and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) has maintained a subsurface sediment trap at KEO since 2014. The KEO surface mooring carries a suite of instrumentation to monitor air-sea exchanges of heat, moisture, momentum (wind stress), and carbon dioxide; surface ocean acidification; and upper ocean temperature, salinity and currents. The combined data sets from both moorings enable computation of the physical and biological pumps of the carbon cycle in this key region of the North Pacific. As such, the site has become a focal point for international climate research.
Researchers are now looking with interest at the data set recorded during the time when the buoy was drifting. The path taken by the buoy is interesting in itself, as it outlines the anti-cyclonic flowing recirculation gyre south of the Kuroshio Extension. Because the mooring still carried subsurface instruments down to 425m, the drifting mooring observations can be used to study the air-sea interactions along the entire recirculation gyre.
The drifting buoy was rescued and redeployed by PMEL technicians aboard a JAMSTEC ship at the end of December 2017. Now that it has been redeployed, the KEO mooring will continue to provide high quality measurements for research. In January 2018, it will be at the center of an international science expedition studying upper ocean heat and carbon exchanges. The mission includes researchers from University of Tokyo, JAMSTEC, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, and North Carolina State University.
Thanks to the joint efforts of PMEL and JAMSTEC, the NOAA KEO mooring is back where it belongs, continuing to be a central part of the research in this region.
By: Jennifer Keene


One of the biggest inventions of our time was made at a mind-numbingly boring Swiss headquarters of European Organization of Nuclear Research. 25 years ago, Tim Berners Lee’s idea about “a wide-area hypermedia information retrieval initiative aiming to give universal access to a large universe of documents” led to the birth of the very first web page. It is spectacularly ugly and mind-blowingly meaningful and stated curtly that “everything there is online about W3 is linked directly or indirectly to this document.” The World Wide Web was born.
This ugly little collection of fewer than two dozen links is the granddaddy of everything that now consumes our lives: Twitter, Facebook, Google, BuzzFeed, etc. That ultimate government-sponsored conflagration of taxpayer money across the European Union, CERN, ended up spawning the phenomenon that created a plethora of companies worth hundreds of millions of dollars. The first American web page was created in the first week of December, 1991 at Stanford. It is truly zen as it only includes two links and no announcements about its purpose or scope.
There are now more than 860 million registered domain names in the world. The number of individual web pages is hard to gauge. Nobody talks about World Wide Web anymore — the very concept is vanishing, because the web is now so ubiquitous it is becoming invisible.
Interestingly, the explosive growth of mobile apps over the past half a decade came as a complete surprise — back in 2007 even Steve Jobs was deeply skeptical about downloadable apps. Now they consume 2 hours of the day of an average American smartphone user. The web page is no longer quite as dominant as it was half a decade ago but it still is something most of us stare at least 8 hours a day.


Georgia Tech inventors have developed a device and interrogation method for extended range wireless sensing. The device is an inkjet printed reflect-array with Van-Atta operation. The device consists of rectangular patch antennas, which are connected for in-phase reemission in the direction of the impinging interrogation signal. Because of this, the tag can be read at long range from any direction. Unlike standard Van-Atta reflect-arrays, this device involves two degenerate modes of the square patch antenna to reemit the wave with “P” polarization. This provides improvement in isolation between the signals reflected by the array from the interference due to reflections of the environmental clutter. This device takes advantage of the humidity dependence of the permittivity of this substrate in order to enable it with humidity sensing capabilities. Because of its design, the working frequency of the array is fully determined by the permittivity of the substrate. Its resonance frequency is then determined by interrogating with a frequency sweep to find the frequency that maximizes the radar cross section of the array, therefore determining the working frequency of the device. This frequency is then used to determine the permittivity of the substrate and, finally, the ambient humidity level.
- Low cost
- Fully inkjet-printed
- Chip-less (unlike RFID tags) and component-less
- High frequency operation capable
- Changes polarization of reflected signal
- Fully scale-able for different frequency operation or radar cross section increase
- Capable of being interrogated from a large range of angles
- Low cost sticker that can be interrogated with a radar system at ranges under and beyond 30m
- To track the humidity level in different locations of a large room
- Potential use in agricultural applications
- Long range readable fully-printed wireless barcodes for industries such as warehousing
Concepts such as the Internet of Things and 'Smart Skins' promise to connect objects to form a global information and sensing-enabled devices network. In order to implement this idea, low cost and environmentally friendly technologies are needed, with fully-printable and chip-less sensing devices offering appeal. Current devices for gas, temperature, or humidity sensing rely on UHF frequency based sensors or time-encoded UWB chip-less structures. However, both technologies are hindered by the use of low gain, large beam width antennas, resulting in a low range.


The full name of the country is the Kyrgyz Republic. The country has a parliamentary system of governing. The name of the president is Almazbek Atambaev. The country received its independence on August 31, 1991 splitting from the USSR. It is located in North- Eastern part of Central Asia. It borders on the countries like Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The area occupies 195 sq km and 93 % of it is above 1500 meters. The highest point makes 7439 m (Peak Pobeda) while the lowest is 401 m in Fergana valley. The capital is the city of Bishkek with the population of over 5 million people. The main cities in Kyrgyzstan are Bishkek, Cholpon Ata, Karakol, Osh, Naryn, Jalal Abad and Talas. The languages are Kyrgyz and Russian. The main ethnicities living in our country are Kyrgyz (59.7%), Russian (16.2%), Uzbek (14.1%), Ukrainian (1.7%), Tatars (1.2%), other nationalities (7.1%): German, Kazakh, Korean, Uigur, Tajik, Dungan.


The coliform bacteria are a member of the enterobacteria family which are responsible for causing digestive conditions. A coliform infection typically arises after ingesting contaminated water or food.
The major coliform bacteria include shigella which causes dysentery, some strains of E. coli and salmonella.
Diarrhea due to coliform bacteria
The usual indication of an infection with coliform bacteria is diarrhea. Shigella can trigger dysentery which is characterized as copious blood-streaked diarrhea. Some strains of E. coli can also cause mild symptoms like food poisoning.
Both can be acquired after ingesting contaminated water or food or ingesting food that has been washed with contaminated water. Most cases of diarrhea due to E. coli and shigella settle on their own after a brief span of time.
Gastroenteritis causes abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and fever. The condition can be triggered by consuming food or water contaminated by the coliform bacteria particularly strains of salmonella.
Poultry or meat products are the usual cause of salmonella-induced food poisoning but it can also be acquired from contaminated water. Gastroenteritis typically lasts for 2-3 days without requiring antibiotics.
Typhoid fever is caused by the salmonella typhi bacteria and characterized by flu-like symptoms such as abdominal tenderness, headache, appetite loss, dry cough and fever.
In most cases, there is an elevated reddened rash on the front of the chest that subside after 3-4 days. If not treated, it is considered deadly. Similar with other ailments caused by coliform bacteria, typhoid fever is acquired after consuming contaminated water or food.
Urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infections can be triggered by the pathogenic strains of E. coli and klebsiella which is a similar form of coliform bacteria. Similar with the diarrheal ailments, UTI can be acquired by ingesting contaminated water but more often due to direct contact with the bacteria.


Our school is participating in Kids Vote MO this year and we will all be doing some learning about voting and how we can all make our voices heard. The first step for us was to have some super smart 5th graders come to teach us about what it means to vote for the President, what the President does, and some general info about how to register to vote. They brought a really interesting Keynote that they shared with us on our ActivBoard (they reflected it, which is cool and something we know how to do, too!).
After we had the basic idea of what voting is all about (well, ok, we actually already know what ti means in our classroom, but our 5th grade friends added a USA layer to it…), we got busy REGISTERING to vote in the election next month. We got actual voting cards, that we worked to fill out with our information.
Check out our cards! We are super excited!
Now to figure out what we will vote for…I’ve kind of decided that as 6-7y0s we’re a little too young and innocent to learn about what the “big” kids are learning about the actual President, so we are planning on voting on the best book, or for a character for President using books we will enjoy together. You know, like Elephant or Piggie, or Pigeon or even Duck! Yep, we are big fans of Mo Willems so that would make sense. As we get further into the process over the next few weeks, I’ll share more details. Until then, we’re registered to vote–are you??
Pingback: #classroombookaday UPDATE: Week 11 | 20somethingkids and 1kookyteacher


Madison’s rightful claim to fame is its National Historic Landmark District, one of the largest contiguous Landmark Districts in the United States. This prestigious award was bestowed on the city in 2006 after an extensive nomination process that included site surveys of 2,000+ downtown buildings, 700 local letters of support and a special study conducted by the National Park System Advisory Board.
Why is this a big deal?
National Historic Landmark Districts are designated by the Secretary of the Interior as outstanding examples of our country’s heritage. They are significant places where Americans and visitors from other countries can gain an understanding of how the United States developed. During its nomination process, the number and variety of Madison’s historic buildings dating from the early 1800’s – 1940 was found to be exceptional. The town’s architecture reflected how river port cities developed and played a vital role in America’s economic growth.
The District comprises more than 100 blocks of historic buildings in Federal, Greek Revival, Italianate, and other architectural styles that served as domestic, commercial, public, religious, and industrial buildings through that time period reflecting the history of America.
To read more about the process of how Madison’s National Historic District came to be, click on these links to news stories and related websites.
Dept. of Interior Announcement
Wikipedia – Madison Historic District


|Introduction to Ethical Studies: An Open Source Reader|
|Prev||Chapter 8. "Positive Philosophy" by August Comte||Next|
Comte notes that "[n]o idea can be properly understood apart from its history." Evaluate whether or not Comte's description of the laws of development commits the genetic fallacy.
Consider some of the concepts used in some of our reading selections: the "Great Mystery" of the Sioux, the "Idea of the Good" of Plato, the "Allah" of Islam, and the "science" of Comte. Relate each of these ideas to a stage of development and state your reasoning. What does the claim mean that "science has become God in the contemporary world"?
Recognizing that there is no absolute truth, Comte notes that in the third stage of knowledge, reason and observation discover "invariable relations of succession and likeness." Are scientific laws, according to Comte, the same thing as necessary connections in nature? Explain Comte's view on the possibility of scientific knowledge.
Briefly discuss how the discipline of ethics is viewed under each of the three states of knowledge Comte explains.
If all three stages of understanding, the theological, the metaphysical, and the scientific, are all systems of conceiving phenomena, even though as Comte remarks they are mutually inconsistent, might not the terms used in each system be functionally structured much like terms in the other systems? For example, are the notions of "God," "the Absolute Idea," and "Nature" functionally equivalent. Do other ideas serve similar purposes in the different states of knowledge? (Interestingly enough, Comte, in this regard, sought a religion of humanity for his own time.)
In brief, the genetic fallacy is an error in reasoning committed by basing or supporting the truth of a conclusion on an account of its history or origin.


The Dutch Caribbean contains some of the richest biodiversity within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The diverse ecosystems are a magnet for tourism and serve as a significant source of income for the islanders. Nature conservation is not a luxury, but an essential part of the Dutch Caribbean’s sustainable economic and social development.
Providing sustainable and regular funding to cover the operating costs of the organizations managing the marine and terrestrial protected areas on the six islands has proven to be a challenge as the funds strongly depend on one-time project subsidies, limited ad hoc financial assistance from local government authorities and fluctuating revenues from tourism.
These uncertainties made it virtually impossible for park management organizations to draft long-term plans, create systematic protected area management structures (including the recruitment and retention of qualified personnel from the local community and elsewhere), and even threatened the very survival of some organizations. Since 1998 the conservation organizations and the Antilles Environment and Nature Department have therefore argued for the establishment of a Trust Fund as one of the most appropriate sustainable strategies for resolving this financial impasse.
After a study positively assessed the feasibility of a Trust Fund, the fund was created accordingly in 2006. The DCNA conservation Trust Fund is intended to eventually provide enough revenue to cover essential operational support for each of the island Protected Area Management Organizations. A Trust Fund Committee was created by DCNA and provides coordination, leadership and decision making power throughout this process.
Until 2016, through a 10-year subsidy agreement, the Dutch Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations contributed €750,000 annually to the Conservation Trust Fund. In 2009, DCNA became a beneficiary of the Dutch Postcode Lottery and from each annual donation a proportion went into the Trust Fund (until 2018). The target capital of the trust fund has however not yet been reached.


Social flexibility occurs when individuals of both sexes can change their social and reproductive tactics, which in turn can influence the social system of an entire population. However, little is known regarding the extent to which individuals of socially flexible species vary in their social behavior and in the underlying physiological mechanisms that support different social tactics. The present study in African striped mice modeled in captivity three male tactics described from the field: (a) philopatric males remaining in the family; (b) solitary roamers; or (c) group-living breeding males. Sixteen pairs and their offspring were kept in captivity, while onemale offspring from the family remained as singly housed after he reached 21 days of age. Differences in behavior, morphology, hormone and neuropeptide levels were tested, and physiological measurements were correlatedwith behavioralmeasurements. In standardized arena experiments group-living males (philopatrics and breeders) were significantly more aggressive than singly housed males, in agreement with previous data suggesting that group-living, but not roaming males, are territorial. Philopatric males showed signs of reproductive suppression, small testes, lower testosterone and higher corticosterone levels than their singly housed brothers. Higher levels of arginine vasopressin (AVP) were measured in the PVN and BNST of singly housed males compared to group-livingmales. Based on these findings we hypothesize that roamers are physiologically primed, and capable, if the opportunity to mate arises, to release AVP, form social bonds and become territorial, thus quickly adopting the tactic as breeding male which would yield a higher reproductive success.


Assumption 1 requires that the dependent variable is a linear combination of the explanatory variables and the error terms . Assumption 1 requires the specified model to be linear in parameters, but it does not require the model to be linear in variables. Equation 1 and 2 depict a model which is both, linear in parameter and variables. Note that Equation 1 and 2 show the same model in different notation.
In order for OLS to work the specified model has to be linear in parameters. Note that if the true relationship between and is non linear it is not possible to estimate the coefficient in any meaningful way. Equation 3 shows an empirical model in which is of quadratic nature.
Assumption 1 of CLRM requires the model to be linear in parameters. OLS is not able to estimate Equation 3 in any meaningful way. However, assumption 1 does not require the model to be linear in variables. OLS will produce a meaningful estimation of in Equation 4.
Using the method of ordinary least squares (OLS) allows us to estimate models which are linear in parameters, even if the model is non linear in variables. On the contrary it is not possible to estimate models which are non linear in parameters, even if they are linear in variables.
Finally, every model estimated with OLS should contains all relevant explanatory variables and all included explanatory variables should be relevant. Not including all relevant variables gives rise to the omitted variables bias. A very serious issue in regression analysis.
Assumptions of Classical Linear Regressionmodels (CLRM)
Overview of all CLRM Assumptions
9 thoughts on “CLRM – Assumption 1: Linear Parameter and correct model specification”
I have a question with regards to this. If for instance, the model if: ln(y) = a+bx^2 +e. do we still say that it satisfied GMA?
Generally, the Assumptions of Classical Linear Regression Model require the specified model to be linear in parameters, but they do not require the model to be linear in variables. Does this answer your question?


6. Phalaris paradoxa L. (Medit.) – A rather rare and ephemeral alien. Known in Belgium since at least the first half of the 19th century. Formerly mainly introduced with wool but at present probably exclusively associated with cereals. Like Phalaris minor it is now chiefly found near grainstores, on grain dumps, by railway tracks,… In parts of the British Isles Phalaris paradoxa is increasingly recorded as a weed of arable land as well (Groom 2010).
Two more or less distinct varieties are sometimes distinguished (but not in Euro+Med Plantbase): var. paradoxa and var. praemorsa (Lam.) Coss. et Durieu (syn.: P. praemorsa Lam.). Both have been recorded in Belgium (in the past as well as at present), the former perhaps being the more regular alien. They are distinguished in the following couplet:
- Most staminate (or sterile) florets of each group not reduced and malformed. Inflorescence rather wide === var. paradoxa
- All staminate (or sterile) florets of each group much reduced and malformed. Inflorescence narrowly cylindrical === var. praemorsa
The very similar but perennial Phalaris coerulescens – recorded before 1950 as an alien in Belgium – could have been overlooked. The wings of its bisexual floret are entire or irregularly crenate (in stead of provided with a prominent tooth).
Bowen H.J.M. (1985) More on Phalaris paradoxa and related species. BSBI News 39: 8.
Groom Q. (2010) Phalaris paradoxa (Awned Canary-grass) has no awns. BSBI News 115: 51.
Verloove F. & Vandenberghe C. (1995) Nieuwe en interessante voederadventieven voor de Belgische en Noordfranse flora, hoofdzakelijk in 1994. Dumortiera 61-62: 23-45.


9th General Math MCQs With Answer Keys All Units. General Math 9th class solved MCQs in Urdu, chapter by chapter. In Urdu, there is an essential book for general mathematics. Download Urdu Medium 9th Class General Math Notes 2021. Overall, get 9th class general Mathematics English Medium notes 2021 pdf. General Mathematics Punjab Text Book Board MCQs notes These notes are applicable to all Punjab Boards. Important brief questions and definitions are also included in these Mathematics notes. The following Unit’s solved MCQs may be found here.
- Proportion, Ratio, And Percentage
- Inheritance, Zakat, And Usher
- Mathematics in Business
- Applied Financial Mathematics
- Mathematics for Consumers
- Logarithms and Exponents
- Geometric and Arithmetic Sequences
- Functions And Sets
- Linear Diagrams
- Statistics for Beginners
Notes for 9th Class MCQs:
- Mathematics topic specialty professors composed and organised the music.
- Emphasis is placed solely on the abilities of arts students.
- Managed in accordance with the Punjab Board of Education’s 2021 study programme
- Simple technique of delivering complicated formulae and conceptsWith exercises and their solutions, I strictly adhered to the Punjab Text Book.
9th Class General Math MCQs Solved:
You might be interested in downloading the following pdf files.


By Alex Friedlander and Abraham Arcavi
Tasks and Competencies in the Teaching and Learning of Algebra provides a conceptual approach that will encourage students learning algebra to employ a variety of thinking processes and strategies and, most importantly, will enable them to truly understand the concepts that underlie the problems they are solving.
The authors’ framework develops those skills and competencies, aligned with the goals of the Common Core State Standards, that are necessary for an integrated, conceptual learning of algebra. The book’s four chapters include tasks focusing on algebraic expressions, equations, and functions, followed by tasks that integrate several mathematical concepts. Each of the 48 tasks in this book contains—
a classroom-ready task, with items arranged by increasing order of complexity;
a discussion of the task’s main ideas and objectives;
solutions for each item in the task, with suggestions of various methods that students might use; and
a listing of the essential competencies that students can develop by working on the task.
All 48 tasks are also available at NCTM’s More4U website as downloadable and printable worksheets to hand out to students.
With its strong conceptual framework, Tasks and Competencies in the Teaching and Learning of Algebra is designed to enable teachers, teacher educators, and curriculum designers to help students at all levels master the ideas and practices found in algebra and to develop skills they can use throughout their mathematics education.


Plant Pathology Department
Date of this Version
The family Phycodnaviridae encompasses a diverse collection of large icosahedral, dsDNA viruses infecting algae. These viruses have genomes ranging from 160 to 560 kb. The family consists of six genera based initially on host range and supported by sequence comparisons. The family is monophyletic with branches for each genus, but the phycodnaviruses have evolutionary roots that connect with several other families of large DNA viruses, referred to as the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV). The genomes of members in three genera in the Phycodnaviridae have recently been sequenced and the purpose of this manuscript is to summarize these data. The viruses have diverse genome structures, some with large regions of non-coding sequence and others with regions of single-stranded DNA. Typically, phycodnaviruses have the coding capacity for hundreds of genes. The genome analyses have revealed in excess of 1000 unique genes, with only 14 homologous genes held in common among the three genera of the phycodnavirses sequenced to date. Thus, the gene diversity far exceeds the number of so-called “core” genes. Little is known about the replication of these viruses, but the consequences of these infections of the phytoplankton have global affects, including altered geochemical cycling and weather patterns.
Published in Virus Research 117,:1 (April 2006), pp. 119-132: Comparative Genomics and Evolution of Complex Viruses. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2006.01.024 Copyright © 2006 Elsevier B.V. Used by permission. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01681702


The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Sample Answer of The Diagram Below Shows How Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station
The given process figure illustrates the generation of electricity in a hydroelectric power station.
Overall, it can be seen that electricity is generated mostly in day hours. However, at night time, water is sent to the reservoir. The generation of current involves around seven stages.
To begin with, firstly, water was transferred from the river to a high-level reservoir. It was regulated by a dam, which is constructed behind a reservoir. Secondly, in the daytime, water had flown from pipes to reversible turbines to generate power. Then, some water is sent into the generator in the power station. After that, the generator produces the power lines then it forms the national grid. Next, the liquid is directed to the low-level reservoir in light time.
In the nighttime, the process is reversed, pumping water from the low-level reservoirs to reversible turbines and through the pipes to the main pool. In the nocturnal time, intake is closed. The same water which is pumped from a low-level reservoir is used for daylight production of energy.
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In India, we worship many living and non-living creatures as the form of various God and Goddess. Likewise, snake worship in India is popular from ancient times. Hindus also worship snakes like Kalnaga and Cobra. Devotees’ belief snake has a connection to Lord Shiva as he is a Yogi and wear cobra (Name: Vasuki) around his neck. So, Shiva will protect us if we pray snakes.
Snake worship in Hinduism has a deep significance also. According to Hindu mythology, snakes represent rebirth, death and mortality, transformation, and healing.
In India, a special prayer is arranged every year, dedicated to snakes- ‘Nagpanchami’. The Nag Panchami is celebrated on the fifth day (Panchami) of Shukla Paksha (Lunar Period during Shravan Month in Hindu calendar). Stone and real nagas are worshiped and bathed in milk by devotees and chant ‘Om Namah Shivay’.
The ancient Hindu snake god is ‘Shreshnag’– the king of snakes. He is the symbol of energy. Lord Bramha created him, and Lord Vishnu rests upon his coil.
Snake is also associated with Goddess Manasha– the queen of snakes. They are Manasha’s companion and vehicle.
Nagas are a pretty important part of our Hindu mythology and scriptures. Especially, fourteen legendary nagas are being worshiped- Shresha, Ananta, Vasuki, Manasha, Kaliya, Padma, Kambala, Karkotaka, Ashvatara, Dhritarashtra, Shankhapala, Astika, Takshaka, and Pingala.
Besides, in Hindu culture, the snake is also correlated with yoga, named ‘Kundalini yoga’. It means a coiled snake and linked with vital Goddess of Hindu mythology, Adi Parashakti, and Bhairavi.
The continuous practice of Kundalini Yoga will awake your spiritual energy.
Feature Image Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Snake_Worship,_Tamilnadu.jpg
Sumathysk / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)


Introducing a new type of airplane: One that works on a hydrogen hybrid system.
The new concept will be embraced by easyJet, the cheapie that operates in 27 European cities. But this is no publicity stunt—it's happening precisely because the airline is so stingy.
The new aircraft, an adapted Airbus A320 to be called A320neo, will use a hydrogen battery to power part of its journey. It won't be able to go zero-emissions in the air—modern jets require too much thrust for that given current technology. Instead, it will operate a bit like a Toyota Prius: When it lands, it will store the immense energy created by braking and use that to move around on the ground.
Using a rechargeable battery for taxiing is projected to eliminate the need for gate towing and be between 13 and 15 percent more fuel efficient than the standard A320. That will save easyJet an estimated 50,000 tons of fuel a year, reportedly cutting between $25 and $35 million in its annual expenses. Theoretically, airlines could pass that savings to customers. Realistically, they won't.
Still, there are benefits. "The new quieter aircraft will reduce our impact on the communities who live near our airports," said an Airbus statement.
As a bonus, pure water is a natural by-product of hydrogen cells, and that water could be used in the lavatories or even recycled for on-board drinking.
Lufthansa was the first airline to put the A320 into service last month without much fanfare (and with less legroom than its standard planes) on a flight between Frankfurt and Munich. Turkish Airlines and Gulf Air are among other airlines that have ordered the "Neo" aircraft. But easyJet has put the largest stake in the new aircraft, purchasing some 100 planes so far with options on as many more.
Airbus is expanding the types of aircraft with the hybrid capability. On Feburary 9 a larger version, the A321neo, performed a five-hour test flight in Germany.
The idea of eliminating powered taxiing is not new to the airline industry. Virgin's Richard Branson, a noted environmentalist, proposed that all airlines cut their engines while waiting for take-off a decade ago. But it never happened, and this is the first attempt by a major airline to put the concept into practice using current technology.
Photo credit: Lufthansa


Published: 25.02.2013 | Author: Nils Georg Brekke, Johannes Gjerdåker, Aslak L.Hellev
Knute Nelson (no. 3 from right) at Kvilekvål in 1899.
Knut was born in 1842 in the house at Kvilekvål in Evanger. His mother, Ingebjørg, was unmarried and had to provide for the boy on her own. When he was seven years old, she borrowed money and took the son with her to America. Despite difficulties and adversity Knute Nelson, as he now called himself, acquired an education as lawyer, and practiced as an advocate beside his farming activities. He was elected governor of Minnesota in 1892, and senator in 1895, as the first Scandinavian. He was later re-elected time after time and sat in the Senate in Washington for 28 years. He was greatly involved in the law-making processes, and for many years he was the chairman of the law committee in Congress.
Outside the congress building in St. Paul, Minnesota a large monument has been erected to Knute Nelson, and similarly a memorial to him has been erected at Evanger. Knute Nelson never lost his interest in his native country and visited the community twice. The house in which he was born is still in good condition.
- Dyrvik, S. & Kolle, N. red. (1986) Eit blidare tilvere? Drivkrefter og motiv i den tidlegaste utvandringa frå Hordaland og Sogn og Fjordane. Voss.


Write a function that takes a random number as input and converts it into an array with the digits of that number appearing in reverse order.
This challenge comes from emporio on CodeWars. Thank you to CodeWars, who has licensed redistribution of this challenge under the 2-Clause BSD License!
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Top comments (16)
It checks if it's a positive number, then turns it into a string, separate the characters and reverse them. If the parameter is not valid, it returns null.
This will process numbers that some people may not consider valid as they contain characters different than digits (e.g.
Also having those
||like that is not pretty... don't do it :P
The result should be an array of numbers but this yields an array of strings.
Maybe consider adding
Assuming the input should be a positive integer as in the test cases.
Using modulo and division should make it an O(n) solution, n being the number of digits in the number.
We could also have used the
toStringmethod from the
Number.prototypeand then use a spread operator into an array, and then use the
Array.prototype.reversemethod to reverse each one of its digits, but that would have made the function run in O(n³) space I believe.
Python one liner
dude, I don't think the input to the function is a string.
Whoops, looks like someone didn't specify the base of the number :o
Rust one liner:


The sinking of concrete slab paves way for multiple difficulties. It may lead to foundation leak, ground moisture creeping in the corners of the wall and many such issues spoiling the structure of the property. It often happens when the ground underneath is disturbed.
The causes of concrete slab sinking in:
- Soil under the concrete slab moves due to some environmental conditions. It may be due to leak in the drainage system, heavy rainfall or due to erosion.
- Ground under the slab hasn’t been rightly filled. Spread out soil to achieve required grade level of ground is compressed creating gaps. This lead to cracks in the concrete and finally it breaks away.
- The proportions of moisture level in the underneath soil changes. When clay soil dried up, it loses its integrity level gradually and finally leaves empty space under the slab.
What are the general issues faced due to sinking of concrete?
- Basement becomes wet leading to formation of mildew and growth of other harmful microbes.
- Drainage problem surfaces, thus water is accumulated in one place.
- Cracks in the concrete are seen, leading to damages in the infrastructure of the build-up property.
Fortunately, there are numerous beneficial ways to repair the broken or sunken concrete slab and to avoid any issues in future.
Noting few of the popular remedies:
- Poly jacking or polyurethane concrete raising method. In this method foam is used to fill up the underneath spaces leading to settling the earth problems. The components of polyurethane are mixed causing the expansion of foam to fill up every void in the sunken ground. Holes are drilled where the concrete part needs to be lifted to inject the polyurethane material to drive into the crevices.
- Mud jacking or slab jacking method. A hole is drilled in the damaged concrete slab to inject pond sand and grout under the slab to raise it. The whole process continues for few hours to fully rise up the sunken slab. If the damage is quite big then the repairing work will take longer time to complete.
Both the methods of repairing the sunken concrete slab are cost effective compared to replacing the whole new slab with fresh batch of concrete cement. To have permanent solution contact the best services of concrete raising Houston city. It will be helpful to know more about the company credentials from their earlier clients or from the ratings posted on their advertising websites.


Hurricane Iota exploded Sunday and Monday morning into a Category 4 storm on track to hit nearly the exact region pummeled by Hurricane Eta two weeks ago. Iota’s maximum sustained winds increased 65 mph in the 24-hour period ending at 4:00 a.m. EST Monday — nearly double the rate required to meet the criteria for rapid intensification. It is the record-tying 10th storm this year to undergo rapid intensification, a phenomenon happening more frequently because of climate change. This is projected to be the first time on record two major hurricanes (Cat3 or stronger) made landfall in Nicaragua in the same hurricane season.
“We never imagined that we would become homeless overnight,” Ruben Garcia, a leader in the Indigenous Miskito community in northern Nicaragua and a father of three, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation. “I’ve lost my plantain and rice crops. We’re searching for cattle, the ones we find [are] either dead or injured.”
Experts predict the major hurricanes hitting Central America in such quick succession could lead to a new round of migration from the region and Guatemala has already requested that the United States allow Guatemalan nationals to remain in the U.S. under Temporary Protected Status. Iota is expected to make landfall near Puerto Cabezas Monday night with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph, a life-threatening storm surge of 10 to 15 feet, and up to two feet of rain. That rain could be cataclysmic for the largely-Indigenous Nicaraguan coast, and on the north coast of Honduras where levees have been destroyed, dams are at capacity, and standing water is already at rooftop level in places. Iota is the record-breaking 30th named storm, and 13th hurricane, of the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season.
(Weather Channel, CNN, AP, Washington Post $, New York Times $, Univision; Migration pressures: Reuters, New York Times $; Honduras: The Guardian, Yale Climate Connections; Nicaragua: Thomson Reuters Foundation, La Prensa NI (es); Climate Signals background: Hurricanes, 2020 Hurricane Season)


‘Wellbeing’ has now become a household word. But what exactly does it mean? The notion of human flourishing begins to unpack it. Mindfulness is involved; to be in the present observing our inner life. Beyond observing is changing our negativity when recognized, but not through suppressing it. Compassion is an essential ingredient in wellbeing since it is a win-win situation. The other person benefits, and we benefit by feeling filled and meaningful. Resilience is included; the ability to bounce back from adversity even stronger than before. Forgiveness makes us feel lighter and happier, so it is also included. Gratitude brings even more happiness and contentment, so it too is included. Reducing anger, jealousy, and pride makes us happier, opening the heart to more love and compassion, so this too must be included. In this way wellbeing is a complex delicious cake made from many ingredients.
Resilience is important
Resilience is important in handling all situations. Whether we are praised or blamed, have a good reputation or a bad reputation, have gains or losses, or have pleasure or pain, always remain calm, balanced, and […]
When the going gets tough
When the going gets tough, the tough get going. This is regardless of how “tough” or strong we do or do not feel. These are unprecedented times, certainly in our lifetimes. We will get through […]
In order to fully care for others
In order to fully care for others, we must take good care of ourself. This is often overlooked. We are very hard on ourselves. We do things to ourself that we would never do to […]


China is expected to reach its highest point of energy consumption by 2035, while its reliance on fossil fuels is expected to drop, according to a report cited by the state media on Tuesday.
The study by the report by the Economics & Technology Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) found that the equivalent of 3.75 billion tons of oil would be spent on energy nineteen years from now.
Fossil fuel usage, meanwhile, is expected to hit its ceiling in 2030 at 2.93 billion tons of oil equivalent with coal expected to continue as the top energy source for China by 2050. Nevertheless, the CNPC noted that the proportion of coal in the prime energy mix would fall to 37 percent by 2050, even though coal accounted for 64 percent of national energy consumption in 2015.
The proportion of non-fossil fuels to total energy mix will more than double from the current 12 percent to at least 30 percent by 2050. A separate report published two years ago detailed how the proportion is expected to rise to 15 percent by 2020.
The analysis by the state-owned giant mentioned that China’s energy sources are expected to become cleaner in the years ahead with increased investment in clean energy like hydropower and solar. For example, China Huadian Corporation could soon purchase private equity firm Terra Firma’s wind farm interests for around US$500 million.


Mechatronic engineer Dimuthu Kodippili Arachchige and his team at the RoME Lab at DePaul University have developed a flexible robot that wiggles like a seal moving on land. The robot had four identical legs set up in an X formation. These legs are made up of three flexible silicone tubes that can be filled with fluid to make them more rigid, depending on what is needed at the time. The robot can be particularly useful in situations where wheels or feet can’t enter.
With heavy bodies and small flippers, seals are not the most graceful movers out of water. But despite appearances, a robot that mimics the way they flop over dry land might be effective in search and rescue operations where a wheeled robot would struggle, say researchers.
Arachchige told New Scientist that he was inspired by the movement of pinnipeds, noting that their bodies best move when going backward.
Most of a seal’s weight is concentrated towards the rear of their body, but due to the even distribution of weight in the robot, it becomes challenging to stay upright while moving forward,..On the contrary, when it’s moving backward, the robot’s body helps maintain the balance by countering torque produced by its movement.


A combined-cycle power plant uses both a gas and a steam turbine together to produce up to 50% more electricity from the same fuel than a traditional simple-cycle plant. The waste heat from the gas turbine is routed to the nearby steam turbine, which generates extra power.
- Gas turbine burns fuel:
The gas turbine compresses air and mixes it with fuel that is heated to a very high temperature. The hot air-fuel mixture moves through the gas turbine blades, making them spin.
The fast-spinning turbine drives a generator that converts a portion of the spinning energy into electricity.
- Heat recovery system captures exhaust:
A heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) captures exhaust heat from the gas turbine that would otherwise escape through the exhaust stack.
The HRSG creates steam from the gas turbine exhaust heat and delivers it to the steam turbine.
- Steam turbine delivers additional electricity:
The steam turbine sends its energy to the generator drive shaft, where it is converted into additional electricity.
KemalPasa-2005, 120MWeCCPP, Turkey
2 x GTG GE F6C (new!!!) –41MWe, 2 xHRSG -57/18 t/h;58/4 bara, 537/200degCSTG –38MWe
Syzran Power Station-2011, 200MWeCCPP, Russia, 2 x GTG –GE F6FA 80MWe, 2 x HRSG
1 x STG –40MWe
Tashkent CC Power Station-2012, 370 MWeCCPP, Uzbekistan, 1x GTG –GE F9FA 270 MWe, 1x HRSG
1 x STG –100 MWe


With all the plastic polluting the environment, it makes more sense that plastic would be making its way into our food, too. Several recent studies have attempted to quantify just how much plastic we’re ingesting and the results are alarming..
1. Drink Tap water or use stainless steel drinking bottles
The Canadian study mentioned above found that bottled water drinkers took in 90,000 additional micro plastic particles per year, compared to tap water drinkers, who only ingested an extra 4,000 particles. So this is obvious; skip the plastic bottled beverages of all kinds – water, soda or juice, anything, rather use ecof’s stainless steel water bottles.
2. Avoid plastic packaging.
This is a tall order, one that’s nearly impossible to implement 100 percent of the time, but it’s worth striving for. If you can buy loose products instead of Styrofoam tray-and-plastic-wrapped produce, do that. If you can take your jars and containers to a bulk store for plastic-free refills, do that. If you can choose a glass jar of honey or peanut butter over a plastic one, go for it. (Check out: A beginner’s guide to plastic-free living)
3. Don’t heat food in plastic.
Plastic and heat are not meant to mix, as it can cause the plastic to leach chemicals (and micro particles) into food. If you store food in plastic, transfer it to glass or ceramic before microwaving or heat it on the stove. Consumer Reports points out that the American Academy of Pediatrics “also recommends not putting plastic into your dishwasher” – a suggestion that’s bound to strike horror into the hearts of many parents, but makes sense.
4. Do more housecleaning.
The dust in our homes is full of toxic chemicals and micro plastic bits. Researchers say it comes from synthetic furnishings and fabrics breaking down over time and binding to household dust, which then rain down on our food. Make a point of vacuuming regularly and choose natural fabrics and home furnishings whenever possible.
This list is far from comprehensive, of course, but it’s a good place to start thinking about this issue.
Original posts from treehugger.com.


Haitian cholera outbreak: When will it end?
It is highly probable that Haiti's worst cholera outbreak, which began in 2010, was caused by United Nations Peacekeeping troops stationed at a base which leaked raw sewage into a river used by the victims (the Artibonite River). In 2017, the problem continues. When is Haito going to be free of cholera?
Yesterday, UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed stated that a critical lack of resources was hampering the UN campaign to eradicate cholera in Haiti. "Without additional resources, the intensified cholera response and control efforts cannot be sustained through 2017 and 2018. Without your political will and financial support, we have only good intentions and words."
In December 2016 the UNO launched a New Approach to Cholera in Haiti as then UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon apologized because the UN had not done enough. As usual, under-funding is responsible for much of this failure. Voluntary contributions to the Cholera Response Trust Fund by the end of April had reached a paltry 2.7 million USD against the 400 million USD required. The Trust Fund now has 183,000 dollars in its account.
By Marcello Casal Jr./ABr - Agencia Brasil. Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by RoyFocker 12 using CommonsHelper., CC BY 3.0 br, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6272270
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Negotiations with Russia are possible if Moscow changes the goals of the special operation, the head of the Ukrainian Defence Ministry Oleksiy Reznikov said


Alpha Centauri system
/ (sɛnˈtɔːrɪ) /
Save This Word!
a star system comprising the binary star Alpha Centauri A and B and Proxima Centauri (also called Alpha Centauri C), which is 0.1 light years closer to the sun. Visual magnitude: 0.01 (A), 1.33 (B); spectral type: G2V (A); distance from earth: 4.3 light yearsAlso called: Rigil Kent See also Proxima
THINGAMABOB OR THINGUMMY: CAN YOU DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE US AND UK TERMS IN THIS QUIZ?
Do you know the difference between everyday US and UK terminology? Test yourself with this quiz on words that differ across the Atlantic.
Question 1 of 7
In the UK, COTTON CANDY is more commonly known as…
Words nearby Alpha Centauri system
alphabetize, alphabet soup, alpha blocker, alpha brass, Alpha Centauri, Alpha Centauri system, alpha decay, alpha emitter, alpha-fetoprotein, alpha geek, alpha globulin
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012


Water Flowing (Discharging) Steadily from a Tank
Calculation and equations
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Units in Steady State Tank Discharge calculator: cm=centimeter, ft=foot, gal=U.S. gallon, m=meter, min=minute, s=second.
Either the free discharge orifice or the submerged orifice can be modeled. The equations are the same for both cases. A drop-down menu allows you to select circular or square orifice geometry. For a circular orifice, B is orifice diameter. For a square orifice, B is orifice width and height. A drop-down menu allows you to select an orifice type. Discharge coefficients for the four orifice types are built into the calculation. User-defined discharge coefficients are permitted but be sure that Co= CcCv. The calculation only checks to see if inputs are positive; we do not check to see if Co= CcCv.
Built-in values for orifice discharge coefficients
where: A = orifice area, B = orifice diameter or width and height, Cc = contraction coefficient, Cv = velocity coefficient, Co = orifice coefficient = CcCv, g = acceleration due to gravity = 32.174 ft/s2 or 9.8066 m/s2, H = head defined in diagrams above, Q = flow rate (discharge), V = horizontal velocity through orifice, X = horizontal trajectory, Y = vertical trajectory.
Streeter, V. L., E. G. Wylie, and K. W. Bedford. 1985. Fluid Mechanics. McGraw-Hill. 9ed.
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Abstract. Organic synthesis in the last century was a scientific and experimental branch involved in the practical synthesis of organic chemicals from simple chemical reagents to highly compicated molecular structures for the chemical industry and for research purposes. The synthesis of organic molecules has developed into one of the most important branches of organic chemistry and a cornestone sector of the economy worldwide.Organic chemicals are used for plastics, rubber materials, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, detergents, coatings, dyestuff, agrichemical chemicals and a variety of materials for the heavy industry and commercial businesses. Also, synthetic organic chemicals are important for biochemistry, biotechnology, medicinal products and health treatments. With the emergence of artificial intelligence‐driven technology, the challenge of generalized predictions of organic reaction outcomes and streamlined reaction optimization has gained significant importance. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is considered one of the most important disruptive innovations with the potential to revolutionize research in synthetic organic chemistry. Also computer programmes supported by AI and specialized deep learning techniques can help organic chemists to predict mechanisms, reactivity, yields and final products of given reagents, aiming to accelerate the outcome of organic synthetic reactions. The advent of AI and algorithms to automatize, improve, and generalize organic reaction prediction is gaining importance in parallel with conventional synthetic methodologies. There are now several published studies in this area that reviewed and explored the results of experimental research with connection to advanced methods of AI. In the last decade scientists employed AI techniques and deep reinforcement learning to optimize organic chemical reactions, giving researchers the opportunity to use model iteratively records leading to new experimental conditions to improve organic reaction outcomes. This review collected some interesting studies from the scientific literature of the last decade on the subject of AI and organic reaction synthesis.