Additional notes (click to expand)
The swiss botanist, Samuel Brunner, was a famous plant collector in the early 1800s who explored Crimea, the Caucasus, Siberia, Italy, and western Africa. He struck botanical gold when he discovered the now eponymous genus brunnera with its attractive, heart-shaped leaves and clusters of small, blue, forget-me-not-like flowers. The genus brunnera contains just 3 species and is very closely related to myosotis (Forget-me-not). Brunnera is popular in northern Europe and the northern US where it thrives in cool, consistently moist locations. (Plant Delights website)
sport of 'Langtrees'
- Asia-Temperate, Caucasus
- Asia-Temperate, Western Asia, Turkey
Brunnera macrophylla (Adams) I.M.Johnst. 'Jack Frost'Family: BORAGINACEAE
Species: macrophylla (Adams) I.M.Johnst.
Cultivar: 'Jack Frost'
Common names: Siberian Bugloss 'Jack Frost'
Distribution summary: Caucasus
Hardiness: H5 - Hardy; cold winter
Garden status: Currently grown
Garden location: Plants of the World (B)
Flowering months: March, April, May
Reason for growing: Commemorative


Addiction is a family disease. You commonly hear this phrase among clinicians, at recovery meetings,
and family support groups. But what does it mean?
First, addiction is a family disease because family genetics are primarily responsible for determining who will have a problem with drugs and alcohol in their lifetime. In fact, research shows that about half of what determines whether a person will become addicted rests in their genetic makeup.
Families Can Help to Prevent Addiction
The most important role models, guides, and mentors in a child’s life are in their families. Family members need to set a good example for children by avoiding the use of tobacco and illicit drugs and by drinking alcohol responsibly. Research shows that families can help to prevent addiction by monitoring their child, involving in them in extracurricular activities, and providing structure and routine.
Addiction Affects The Entire Family
Addiction does not only affect the individual who is addicted. Addiction affects every single member of the family system. No matter how healthy or loving a family may be, addiction impacts them all. Family members experience grief, pain, and heartache, just like their loved one who is addicted.
The Entire Family Can Help Addiction
Here is the good news: Families are not defenseless against addiction. Many families are at first paralyzed by fear when they learn of their loved one’s addiction. But they eventually find that they can have a positive effect. Research shows people recover at a better rate when families support them tangibly and emotionally, have an attitude of love and acceptance, and get involved in treatment. In fact, one of the best things a family member can do for their loved one is to seek support for themselves.
References: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: Recovery Support Tools for Families, Family Therapy Resource
Source: Alex Elswick, Ph.D., Assistant Extension Professor for Substance Use Prevention and Recovery, Kentucky Cooperative Extension


About Logistics Management
Logistic Managers analyze and coordinate an organization’s supply chain – the system that moves a product from supplier to consumer. They manage the entire life cycle of a product, which includes how a product is acquired, distributed, allocated, and delivered. Logistics are used in nearly every industry.
The Associate of Applied Science degree in Logistic Management is a sequence of courses that will prepare students for careers in the logistics profession. Logistics Management (LGM) focuses on the logistics of planning, implementing, and controlling the effective and efficient flow of goods and services.
Areas covered in this degree comprise basic fundamentals of supply chain management including procurement, issues in executing global supply chains, logistics, manufacturing, warehousing, and transportation. It also includes business management, project management, business communications, economics of supply and demand, computer fundamentals, and data management skills.
Career options include positions within manufacturing, transportation, order processing, warehousing, inventory control, and purchasing.
Students will be eligible to sit for the Certified Logistics Associate and Certified Logistics Technician exams for certification through Manufacturing Skill Standards Council (MSSC). SCPro™ Fundamental in Supply Management & Procurement exam for certification through the council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP). Microsoft Office Suite (MOS) Excel, Word, PowerPoint, and Outlook exams for certification through Certiport.
High school students may begin the Logistics Management program by taking classes concurrently with their regular studies and earn credit toward a certificate of proficiency which will apply to the technical certificate and associate of applied science degree.


The financial literacy standards promote the goal of financial capability. The standards focus on setting goals, saving and spending, credit and debt, investing, and measuring financial risk.
Develop Financial and Career Goals
SS-FL.9-12.13. Develop short- and long-term financial goals.
SS-FL.9-12.14. Evaluate entrepreneurship, career choices and the effect on the standard of living.
Create a Saving and Spending Plan
SS-FL.9-12.15. Evaluate the effect of taxes and other factors on income.
SS-FL.9-12.16. Develop a saving and spending plan using a financial recordkeeping tool.
SS-FL.9-12.17. Apply consumer skills to saving and spending decisions.
Analyze Credit and Debt Levels
SS-FL.9-12.18. Analyze the cost and benefits of different types of credit and debt.
SS-FL.9-12.19. Summarize a borrower's rights and responsibilities.
SS-FL.9-12.20. Investigate strategies to avoid and manage debt effectively.
Evaluate Savings and Long Term Investments
SS-FL.9-12.21. Evaluate short-term savings tools.
SS-FL.9-12.22. Apply investment tools to meet financial goals.
Measure Risk Management Tools
SS-FL.9-12.23. Justify reasons to use various forms of insurance.
SS-FL.9-12.24. Establish strategies for protection of personal identity and other forms of fraud.


Comparison of Design-Centric and Data-Centric Methods for Distributed Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems
Cyber-physical systems are vulnerable to a variety of cyber, physical and cyber-physical attacks. The security of cyber-physical systems can be enhanced beyond what can be achieved through firewalls and trusted components by building trust from observed and/or expected behaviors. These behaviors can be encoded as invariants. Information flows that do not satisfy the invariants are used to identify and isolate malfunctioning devices and cyber intrusions. However, the distributed architectures of cyber-physical systems often contain multiple access points that are physically and/or digitally linked. Thus, invariants may be difficult to determine and/or computationally prohibitive to check in real time. Researchers have employed various methods for determining the invariants by analyzing the designs of and/or data generated by cyber-physical systems such as water treatment plants and electric power grids. This chapter compares the effectiveness of detecting attacks on a water treatment plant using design-centric invariants versus data-centric rules, the latter generated using a variety of data mining methods. The methods are compared based on the maximization of true positives and minimization of false positives.
J. Leopold et al., "Comparison of Design-Centric and Data-Centric Methods for Distributed Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems," IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol. 596, pp. 261 - 279, Springer Verlag, Jan 2020.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62840-6_13
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology
Keywords and Phrases
Cyber-physical attacks; data mining; invariants; water treatment plant
International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Article - Conference proceedings
© 2020 Springer Verlag, All rights reserved.
01 Jan 2020
National Science Foundation, Grant CNS-1837472


The course deals with the theme of sustainability and sustainable development, which are perceived through ecological, economic and social aspects. The course program includes selected topics in the field of urban and spatial planning and urban design with the aim of gathering special knowledge about the principles of sustainable development in the mentioned fields.
In the course the theory of sustainable
development and its evaluation methods are initially discussed, followed by lectures in the field of spatial planning, urban planning and urban design with a number of selected world examples of different scales, which are updated with recent examples of realized projects, plans and strategies.
The aim of the course is to enable students to comprehensively overview/perceive, understand and deepen knowledge about the concept of sustainability and sustainable development in the field of urban planning and spatial planning. Lectures and seminar papers are conceived to develop the students' ability to analyse and assess the sustainability of urban projects, plans and strategies of cities and regions, and to create urban solutions based on sustainability principles. The specific knowledge and skills that a student receives in the course will serve as an addition to the mandatory and elective courses of the Department of Urban Planning, Spatial Planning and Landscape Architecture, and as a help in further work of future architects and urban planners.
Students take the exam in the form of seminar work. The subject of the seminar work is related to one of the topics discussed in the course lectures.
The course is linked to the mandatory and elective courses of the Department of Urban Planning, Spatial Planning and Landscape Architecture, and in particular with Spatial Planning, Urban Transformations, Urban planning 3, Urban planning 2 and Spatial Planning Workshop. The knowledge gained in the course can be applied in all graduate study workshops.


By Juan Carlos Ramirez ’18
Although undocumented students can obtain some sort of financial help for college through some scholarships, they are automatically ineligible for federal grants due to their residency status.
However, many students have made significant contributions to this country that they view as their home, and every student who has lived in the United States two to three years should qualify for federal grants.
One example of these deserving scholars are DACA recipients or DREAMers.
DREAMers, who are undocumented minors brought to this country illegally by their parents, should have every opportunity to obtain financial help like any other high school student.
Out of the 50 states, there are only 18 states that provide in-state tuition to the DREAMers and undocumented students with certain requirements.
This only creates an extra obstacle for these young people who want to further their education.
Out of the 690,000 Dreamers, roughly 65,000 will graduate from high school, but fewer than 6,500 will go on to attend college.
According to U.S. News & World Report, this is attributed to lack of guidance and financial support.
If a DREAMer is able to display greatness in their school, then that student should have the opportunity to achieve the financial support of a grant.
If we expect them to eventually contribute back to our society, then we should be able to allow these student to apply for federal grants.
This would allow a possible increase in admission of DREAMers and can have a positive effect on the community.
While these immigrants did not come here legally, that does not mean these kids have to suffer because of a decision that they had no part in making.
Most of these teenagers who graduate from high school have lived their whole lives in the United States.
Most of the DREAMers have to go through extensive background checks and a clean record to be approved as a DACA recipient, which means that these scholars are idealistic Americans because they embody what a good citizen should be.
Like other Americans, these individual should receive financial help through the federal government.


Did you know that of the 50 states, seven have named the cardinal as the state bird? Clearly, cardinals are doing something right for seven states to honor them this way! The seven are: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia. Follow the simple steps to make this cardinal craft with tissue paper and chipboard. Affiliate links below.
Tissue Paper Cardinal
- Folk Art paint (red, black, orange)
- tissue paper (red, black, orange)
- craft glue
- black enamel dot
Draw a cardinal shape on chipboard. The easiest way is to draw a semicircle, then add the crest, the tail, and a wing tip. You will also need a jelly-bean shaped piece for the face and a triangle for the beak. Fit the pieces together to make sure they look good and are the right proportion. After I took the step-out photos, I ended up rounding the base of the beak a bit.
Paint the body of the cardinal red, the face part black, and the beak orange. While you are waiting for the paint to dry, tear about 20 strips of red tissue paper.
Wrap black tissue paper around the face piece, gluing it in the back. Glue the face to the cardinal's body. Wrap orange tissue paper around the beak. Glue the beak to the face. Add an enamel dot eye.
I think cardinals are one of the most beautiful birds. I was thrilled each and every time I saw a cardinal during our December 2019 trip to Louisiana and Mississippi. We don't have cardinals where I live. This is Audobon's map of the cardinal's range. As you can see, cardinals are wide-spread throughout the east (indicated by the dark purple) and are rarely seen in the areas colored with light purple. Southern California has one tiny pocket of light purple, but nothing in northern California.
At least there's a cardinal on display in the craft room now!
Cute! LOVE how you photographed the cardinal.:)ReplyDelete


- National Drinking Water Alliance
New Interactive Map Tracks Water Safety
Where is tap water putting children at risk and how are state leaders responding?
University of California Nutrition Policy Institute and the National Drinking Water Alliance just released an interactive map identifying places across the country where drinking water has been rendered unsafe to drink by lead or other contaminants. The map was created to fill a gap: there is little readily accessible information on the extent of tap water contamination across the U.S.
Each pin tells a story: you can link to news articles about drinking water contamination around the U.S. You’ll see the states that have adopted policies or programs to test for lead in schools and childcare, and the states considering such action. You can sort each incident by Congressional district. The tool bar on the upper left side provides a legend feature and a layers feature to access the different types of information.
How does tap water get contaminated? Source water can be contaminated by heavy metals, biologicals, or agricultural or industrial chemicals. Public water utilities treat water to remove contaminants and they provide an annual Consumer Confidence Report to inform customers about water quality. Links to supplemental resources: Understanding Your Water Quality and Consumer Confidence Reports and A Guide to Understanding Your CCR.
Once water leaves utility main pipes and flows through service lines and into interior plumbing, it can absorb lead if lead is present in pipes, solder, or fittings. This leaching of lead is reduced when water pH is adjusted through adequate corrosion control by the water utility. The map reveals that despite laws and regulations that protect water quality for the majority of the U.S., problems such as inadequate or incorrect water treatment, lack of monitoring of water safety, and contaminants present in well water mean that there are times and places when the public is not getting safe drinking water.
Did we miss a news story about contamination in your community? Are we missing a state legislative proposal? Let us know at email@example.com.


What Does Variable Mean?
A variable, in the context of programming, is a symbolic name given to an unknown quantity that permits the name to be used independent of the information it represents. Variables are associated with data storage locations, and values of a variable are normally changed during the course of program execution. Variables represent all kinds of data, including booleans, names, integers, arrays, pictures, sounds, scalars, strings, or any object or class of objects depending on the programming language that supports them. The symbolic names of variables are replaced with the actual data location by compilers and interpreters. Data in locations changes during execution while locations and names are fixed.
Techopedia Explains Variable
A variable is assigned a value in one place and then used repetitively. Variables generally have four attributes: an identifier, data location, type and value. They are assigned during program execution at different times. In a few instances, non-identical identifiers may refer to the same location, variable, and value. Variable types specify the kind of information stored in a variable. They also describe the format of the value stored, memory occupied, and methods for manipulating and expressing the content.
Programming variables are normally represented using multiple-character names. Single-character names are normally used to represent auxiliary variables (for example, a loop variable might be named i). Naming of variables is supported at different language levels and is part of the language syntax. Most languages allow an underscore in variable names.
Programmers follow code style guidelines to name variables. Short names are less descriptive but easy to type, whereas long names can specify the purpose of a variable in the program. For example, the syntax int temp=0; in JAVA or C++, "temp" is the variable name; the type of variable is integer and its value is 0.
The scope of a variable determines the use of a variable in a program. A variable’s scope is the part of the program code in which the variable is visible and has a meaning. Memory space is allocated to a variable when the variable is first used and deallocated when it is no longer needed. If variables are declared and not used, compilers normally issue a warning.


What do Kids do in Mixed Media Class? - LAB Art Studio
Updated: May 6, 2021
We often get asked what “Mixed Media” is for our weekly classes :D
Perhaps a picture is worth a thousand words:
Mixed media means using different mediums to create our project. We might do some pencil drawing, watercolouring, Gelli-printing, collaging, acrylic painting, modeling clay, needle felting, sewing, and working with oil pastels - Whew! That's a lot of things to try! We might include at least two of these elements, or we might be very ambitious and do it all in one course. Depending on the month's theme, our instructors, and the capability of the students that month, everyone might end up with completely different projects. This is part of the fun of mixed media projects!
The benefits are endless when it comes to introducing art to kids' learning. Trying out different kinds of activities will let your kid(s) explore their interests and how they want to express their individuality. According to research done by George Lucas Educational Foundation, art processes allow children to remember information quicker and better as "[it] taps into the visual, kinaesthetic and linguistic areas of the brain" - yay!
For parents who aren’t sure what their kids like best, Mixed Media class is a great way to try different things within one month’s course. Every month is a different theme and project, so there's no better time than the present to see how we can help with your kids' learning!
Check out our schedules here, and sign up today. Can't wait to create you!
Messy Jessy & The LAB Team


June 7, 2019
Every year, approximately 270,000 Americans die from sepsis — when the body’s immune system dangerously overreacts to an initial infection. Within hours, sepsis can cause widespread inflammation, organ failure and death. But a new algorithm developed by Johns Hopkins computer scientist Suchi Saria is being used at several Johns Hopkins hospitals to help diagnose the illness earlier and save lives.
Called TREWS — which stands for Targeted, Real-Time Early Warning System — the algorithm is being used at Howard County General Hospital and Suburban Hospital and will be integrated into the electronic medical records system of The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center and Sibley Memorial Hospital in 2019.
Early-stage sepsis can be tricky to diagnose. Some electronic health record systems emit sepsis alerts when a patient shows signs of organ dysfunction and two out of four symptoms are detected: fever, elevated heartbeat, rapid breathing and high white blood cell count. However, because many illnesses share those symptoms, erroneous warnings are common.
“One of the challenges traditionally with sepsis has been making sure the patient gets all of the interventions within the first three hours,” says computer science graduate student Katharine Henry, who, along with Saria, first published the TREWS algorithm in 2015.
Henry estimates that, using the aforementioned criteria for some sepsis alert systems, approximately 1 of every 10 alerts is true. In comparison, 1 of every 2 to 3 TREWS alerts is correct. She says TREWS makes fewer false-positive alerts because it monitors dozens more data points in a patient’s electronic records. The algorithm also considers whether symptoms are caused by an acute condition, such as kidney failure.
“TREWS catches more than 80 percent of the patients who have sepsis before the onset of sepsis catches them,” says Henry.
When TREWS suspects someone’s at risk of developing sepsis, it alerts doctors and nurses through the patient’s electronic health records. It then cues the provider to take specific measures, such as requesting blood cultures or prescribing antibiotics.
TREWS is a product of Bayesian Health, a company Saria founded in 2016 and is in Johns Hopkins Medicine’s FastForward incubator for health care startups.
PUBLISHED IN INSIGHT MAY/JUNE 2019


The main problem related to HTML align text right is that it can cause issues with readability. When text is aligned to the right, it can be difficult for readers to follow the flow of the content, as their eyes have to move back and forth from left to right in order to read it. Additionally, when text is aligned right, there is often an uneven distribution of white space on either side of the text which can make it difficult for readers to focus on what they are reading.

This text is aligned to the right.

1. This line of code sets the style of the paragraph to “text-align: right”.
2. This means that any text within this paragraph will be aligned to the right side of the page.
3. The following line is a paragraph tag containing a sentence stating that “This text is aligned to the right.”
4. This sentence will appear on the page with its text aligned to the right side, due to the style set in line 1.
What is text-align
Text-align in HTML is an attribute used to define the alignment of text within a block element. It can be used to align text to the left, right, center, or justify. The default value for text-align is left.
How to Align Text right in HTML
To align text right in HTML, you can use the style attribute and set the text-align property to “right”.
This text is aligned to the right.


How to choose a MOSFET
An important consideration is whether there will be a radiator or not. in most cases, for devices capable of accepting the operation of a heat sink, a nominal continuous drain current about five times the continuous maximum.
For power mosfet, you choose it by following this sequence, in this order:
- polarity of use (channel n or p)
- maximum operating voltage
- current maximum operating
- maximum rdson (resistance drain – source when the channel is fully open).
- maximum operating frequency
- type of packaging (to-220, dpack, etc.)
you must first know the value of the nominal voltage of your application. If its high Voltages are suitable for power supply. Then check that the max. is chosen accordingly. check the merit (fom) for the mosfet. less of a better mosfet. rds (on) must be minimum to reduce conduction loss qg (tot), ie the total gate capacity must be lower for high frequency design if you are using it for an application of switching.
Choosing a mosfet is sometimes a daunting task. it’s all about compromise here and there. Here are the parameters to know. Break Voltage
vds – exceeds this limit and the MOSFET goes to kaboom and releases the magic smoke breakdown voltage
vgs. as above. it’s usually a +/- value.
Grid capacity – smaller will be better. if the capacity is large, you will need more power to charge it quickly enough. you may need to use a high current driver.
Enable / disable delay – the sooner the better. slow switching speeds result in power loss due to slow switching between cutoff and saturation states.
Rds (on) – on resistance – the smaller the better. decreased power loss and heat.
Package – depends on your application – to 220 or sot223 or sot 23 or dpak or d2pak.
Cost – as usual.


Download Full Text (1.4 MB)
In the late 1800s, Norwegian immigrants began flooding into the Red River Valley. As they moved into the Grand Forks area, they brought their Old World folkways and religious practices. On the corner of Third and Walnut, Norwegian Lutherans built a small sanctuary to house their services.
The building mirrored the simple worship of the Hauge Synod, the organization to which this congregation belonged. After merging with two other Norwegian church- es in town, the old Trini Lutheran structure passed into the hands of the Grand Forks Church of God, a congregation that echoed the revival fires of the Second Great Awakening. This is the story of a church building and the two assemblies that utilized it over a 100-year period.
North Dakota--Grand Forks
The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota
Grand Forks, ND
Immigrants--Cultural assimilation; Church history; Lutherans, Norwegian; Norwegian Americans
History of Religions of Western Origin
Price, Christopher Neal, 1975-
Grand Forks Church of God (Grand Forks, N.D.); Trinity Lutheran Church (Grand Forks)
Price, Chris, "The Old Church on Walnut Street" (2018). Digital Press Books. 10.


Communication Plan for Low Flows
The project involved developing a communication plan for periods of drought in the Nicola watershed, also referred to as low flows. The project had three main objectives: 1) a communication plan (document) that described who the main communicators would be, their respective roles, the activities each intended to undertake/implement and other pertinent information such as definitions of drought. 2) to upload the communication plan to a web site especially created for this purpose; and 3) to distribute the final communication plan to all water licensees in the Nicola watershed. The results of the project are as follows:
1) A communication plan was completed and adopted.
2) The communication plan was uploaded to a new web site with the following address: www.nwcrt.org. While not all of the web site is devoted to the topic of drought/low flows, the opening page gives the visitor one of three choices of where to go next for more detailed information, with information about drought being one of the choices.
3) A brochure was developed which summarized the contents of the Plan and that brochure has been distributed to all water licensees in the Nicola watershed. The brochure makes reference to the complete Communication Plan and provides a web link from where it can be downloaded in its entirety. The brochure can also be downloaded from the web site.


The Tennessee Aquarium is involves to a number of global efforts to protect animals and environments around the world.
The Aquarium is partnering with the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) on a new initiative: “Saving Animals From Extinction” (SAFE).
This comprehensive, long-term commitment combines the power of zoo and aquarium visitors with the resources and collective expertise of AZA members and partners to protect animals for future generations. Over time, 100 species will be identified that not only have the most urgent needs in the wild, but these animals are viewed as species that can be helped the most by the experts and assets of zoos and aquariums. Learn More
Madagascar Flora and Fauna Group
More than 100 species of lemur are known to exist, and all are endemic to Madagascar, an island which represents a hotspot of biodiversity. About 80 percent of its plant and animal species are found nowhere else and many are in various states of imperilment.
Populations of all lemur species are decreasing, and more than two-thirds are classified as endangered or critically endangered, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
In Madagascar, lemurs face a plethora of human-induced threats, including habitat loss caused by deforestation and the pet and bushmeat trades. When you visit or join the Tennessee Aquarium, your contribution helps us protect imperiled species in our backyard and now internationally. The Tennessee Aquarium proudly provides support to the Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group (MFG), a nonprofit organization working to restore habitat and increase lemur populations in Madagascar. MFG chair Dr. Eric Miller recently visited the Tennessee Aquarium just before the opening of our new Lemur Forest exhibit and talked more about lemurs and their plight in the wild:


What's an Education For? Harry Lewis and Stephen Blackwood
Podcast 5th February 2021
“Plutarch says ‘the mind is not a vessel to be filled; it’s a fire to be kindled."
Stephen Blackwood speaks with Harry Lewis, legendary Professor of Computer Science at Harvard University (where he taught both Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg). They discuss the tragic limits of narrowly vocational approaches to education—with which many young people are pressured to conform—by contrast with education that fosters true self-reflection and a meaningful life. They also discuss cancel culture, college admissions, and freedom of speech.
- 0:00 - Introduction
- 1:49 - Harry Lewis’s background
- 4:14 - Excellence Without a Soul and observations of Harvard
- 12:15 - Advice for young people at university
- 36:26 - How to cultivate independence of mind
- 46:24 – Free speech and cancel culture
- 54:55 – Possibility for unity and correction
Image: Lorenzo Baldiserra Tiepolo, Philosophers Instructing Pupils by an Antique Sarcophagus, mid-18th century, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Podcasts, Articles & Events
It’s Time to Start Building New Schools
Thoughts from the Life of Sir Roger Scruton: On the Importance of 'Bunking'
Apprehending the Transcendent: Jordan Peterson and Roger Scruton
SUPPORT A NEW BEGINNING
Education and conversation free from censorship, cynicism, and corruption matter. Ralston College is a place for them to happen, for human flourishing and building anew.


It is an undeniable fact that solar power generation has taken off in the United States in recent years and that its rapid success is due to a series of policy changes that have been established in certain states. California stands out as one of the most solar friendly states offering a plethora of incentives to utilities and customers to invest in distributed solar. However, many other states, including Indiana, pale in comparison.
While looking at solar as a mechanism to curb the affects of climate change and create a sustainable future has been inspiring, the real drivers for the success of solar are as follows: net energy metering, solar access laws, interconnection agreements and a renewable portfolio standard that sets minimum requirements for solar installations thus generating demand. Without these policies, it becomes virtually impossible for customers to purchase distributed solar at a fair price regardless of their desire to do so (Utility Dive). The renewal of the Federal Solar Incentive Tax Credit in 2015 will provide ample support at the federal level until 2019 at the very least. However, many states such as Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Michigan, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin need to increase the quality and frequency of local policy incentives for solar installations to match their solar output potential based on the climate characteristics of those states mentioned.


Critical Study of Novels Written by Siraj Memon
Sirajmemon is veteran scholar, researcher and fictionwriter. He is well known by his novels in sindhi literature. He has interpreted Sindh and Sindhi society in his novels. After reviewing his novels, it is concluded that he loves Sindh. He wants to bring reform in Sindh and to create awareness in the Sindhi people. Siraj always wanted to end the old and oppressive system in Sindh. As a humble person he always seeks to bring a new system, create a trend of development in people and give them the message of sacrifice and welfare for their homeland, especially Sindh. Siraj also criticizes the very character of some people in Sindh, which abuses and tortures its farmers and men, and takes everything of the farmers and force them to move to the cities, leaving and losing everything behind. He keeps his eyes shut and engage in the flight of imagination. The context of Sindh‘s history is described in Siraj‘s novels. Siraj studied the history of Sindh deeply and wrote these novels. In these novels, the images of the real history of Sindh are included. Especially, the stories of the atrocities of the Arghun-Tarkhan period, which they committed against Sindhis. After reading Siraj‘s novels, the reader will come to the opinion that, in his novels, Siraj tells the story of atrocities against Sindh in a clear way, revealing the hidden aspects of the history of Sindh and making the history of Sindh straight. Siraj Memon is a true and honest historian of Sindh.


A word about the koala from the Australian Wildlife Society
Have you seen a Koala?
The koala is one of Australia’s most loved and iconic animals. Though often called the koala "bear," this cuddly animal is not a bear at all; it is a marsupial, or pouched mammal. Koalas have two thumbs on their front paws - to help them climb, to hold onto the tree and to grip their food. Koalas are mostly nocturnal animals. This means that they sleep in the daytime, and move around and feed mainly at night. The koalas' fur is different in different parts of Australia. In the southern parts of Australia it is longer and shaggier than in the north, in order to keep them warm in the cold southern winters. MORE »
Do you love Koalas?
With your support we can save Australia's precious koala
Join the Australian Wildlife Society's koala donation program for as little as $10 or more each month and together we can make Australia a safe place where native wildlife conservation matters
Please support our wildlife conservation work.
Help save Australia's precious wildlife by making a donation to the Australian Wildlife Society
Please support our wildlife conservation work. Click here to make a donation »


A strange combination of tissue and electronics could help us repair — or someday even replace — human ears. Researchers led by Michael McAlpine, an assistant engineering professor at Princeton, have created a prototype artificial ear from an antenna and 3D printed cells. McAlpine has worked for years on making electronics that could be integrated with the human body: in 2011, his team built a graphene tattoo that could be stuck on a tooth to detect bacteria. In this project, though, he wanted something more: an organ with electronics embedded inside it.
To make the ear, McAlpine started with a 3D printer. While it's possible to reconstruct an ear with cartilage grafts or cultured tissue, printing it allowed researchers to closely duplicate the shape of an ear while building in an antenna. The team used a hydrogel seeded with calf cells for the structure, adding layers of silver nanoparticles that formed a coil antenna. Those cells could then turn into cartilage, as seen above. The end of the antenna connects to a system meant to simulate the cochlea, which lets us sense sounds.
Cultured cells share space with silver nanoparticles
In tests, the ear could pick up radio waves, and a "complementary" left and right pair could listen in stereo; future versions could pick up acoustic audio with different sensors. For now, though, it remains a lab prototype. McAlpine says that it could theoretically be attached to human nerve endings, like some hearing aids, but doing so would require much more testing. His research on the subject has been accepted for publication in Nano Letters.
McAlpine's ultimate hope is to help push forward advances in "bionic" organs, which would seamlessly combine sensors or other electronics with the human body. "Previously, researchers have suggested some strategies to tailor the electronics so that this merger is less awkward. That typically happens between a 2D sheet of electronics and a surface of the tissue," he says. "However, our work suggests a new approach — to build and grow the biology up with the electronics synergistically and in a 3D interwoven format."


When preparing for exams or studying, which method do you use? Each learner is different and when it comes to academia, everyone has their own style. However, while some swear with the “sleeping in the library theory,” many realized, albeit painfully, that burying your face in books for hours on end does not always work. To make things easier for you the next time you study for your classes or exams, here are some tips that will make your experience “fun,” or if we are being honest, bearable, and fruitful. · Organize your study space Whether you are studying on your desk or bed, make sure that your space is comfortable and free of distractions. Studies show that being tidy and organized helps us concentrate.Have study sessions While studying alone is great, when you do it in a group, you expose yourself to different versions of answers and approaches to understanding a subject. With a group, you can study longer and when you get stuck in an exam, you can recall explaining or hearing a point when it was said out loud.
Take a break, regularly Have you ever heard of an athlete running 24 hours a day to prepare for a race? Never. So, unless you want to break down, take regular breaks within your study routine. Don’t feel guilty for taking time off, because when your brain recharges, you will retain content for longer.
Use old exams and papers to prepare If your exam is on the way, what is the best way to study than seeing its past versions? Practicing with old papers helps you get used to questioning formats, time yourself, and if you are lucky, questions are repeated.
Be ready a day, a week, or a month before your exam! While the “last time crammers” swear with their strategy, it is widely accepted that this is not the best way to study at all. Sort your schedules earlier to make sure you give yourself time to prepare and an allowance in case things change.
3 thoughts on “Study Smart, Not Hard”
Early preparation is key to studying for exams
“last time crammers” swear with their strategy, it is widely accepted that this is not the best way to study at all


Fly Fishing is, more or less, about using a fly rod and a fly line to make precise casts in hopes of landing a fish.
In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line. The type of cast used when fishing varies according to the conditions. The most common cast is the forward cast, where the angler whisks the fly into the air, back over the shoulder until the line is nearly straight, then forward, using primarily the forearm. The objective of this motion is to “load” or bend the rod tip with stored energy, then transmit that energy to the line, resulting in the fly line being cast for an appreciable distance. Other casts are the roll cast, the single- or double-haul, the tuck cast, and the side- or curve-cast.
Modern fly fishing is said to have originated on the fast, rocky rivers of Scotland and northern England. The conditions on rivers in Scotland, the river Spey in particular, are strikingly similar to those found on Pacific Northwest rivers. With so many trees and shrubs growing right to the waterline, there isn’t much room for a backcast. So a new cast, the spey cast, was created and is now one of the most popular and the most efficient method of fly casting. The cast is characterized by ribbon-like motions of the fly rod and fly line, creating loops upon loops of line, building up length and momentum for a single cast, often traveling 90 feet effortlessly. With the level of difficulty and the sheer gracefulness of a successful spey cast, the sight is truly one to behold.
Fly fishing is about more than just catching a fish. The Mount Rainier area provides more water than anyone could fish in a lifetime. Within a relatively short distance of Seattle of Portland, you can be in an area that is completely devoid of other people, creating the perfect solitude for the art and pleasure of fly fishing.
For more information about fly fishing in the Pacific Northwest, visit www.northwestflyfisherman.com.
– Kelli Clouse


Sushi rice is a crucial component of any sushi dish and selecting sustainable ingredients for it can help promote environmentally conscious consumption. Here are some things to keep in mind when choosing eco-friendly options for sushi rice:
- Rice variety: Selecting the right variety of rice can make a difference in sustainability. Consider choosing organic, non-GMO rice to reduce the use of pesticides and promote biodiversity. Look for rice varieties that are grown sustainably and use less water, such as Japanese Koshihikari rice.
- Country of origin: Rice grown locally or regionally can have a lower carbon footprint than rice that has been shipped from across the globe. Check the origin of the rice before purchasing to ensure you are making a sustainable choice.
- Packaging: Choose rice that is sold in biodegradable or recyclable packaging to reduce waste. If possible, buy in bulk to reduce packaging waste even further.
- Fair trade: Consider purchasing sushi rice that is fair trade certified, which ensures that farmers are paid fairly and work under humane conditions.
- Water usage: Rice production is known to be a water-intensive crop. Look for rice that has been grown using sustainable water practices such as rainwater harvesting or efficient irrigation techniques.
- Local alternatives: Consider exploring alternative grains like quinoa or millet, which are grown sustainably and locally in many regions. They also offer a unique taste and texture to sushi dishes.
By taking these factors into consideration, you can make a more informed decision when selecting eco-friendly options for your sushi rice.


Improving quality of life of adolescents diagnosed with testicular cancer through early detection.
Testicular germ cell cancer is the most common cancer in male adolescents - accounting for 15 per cent of all malignancies - yet due to the excellent five-year survival rate (over 95 per cent) novel methods for detection and treatment are not prioritised and receive little to no research funding.
Although treatment is usually life-sparing, these young men must live with the long-term side effects of treatment, sometimes for up to 80+ years. Effects of successful treatment may include hypogonadism, life-time testosterone treatment and infertility, as well as a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and other cancers.
Following orchiectomy, germ cell tumours will relapse in up to 35 per cent of cases, requiring salvage chemotherapy to treat metastases which most commonly arise in the retroperitoneum, pelvic lymph nodes and lung. The five-year survival rate following secondary neoplasm diagnosis is just 41 per cent.
Germ cell cancer is a good candidate for early detection/screening: There are several well-defined risk factors for developing germ cell cancer, including family history, cryptorchidism (undescended testes) and/or testis dysgenesis identified at birth, and sub-fertility, making the approach of selective screening extremely viable and attractive.
This project aims to develop a test to detect pre-cancerous testicular cells. Such detection would greatly minimise the need for chemotherapy because orchiectomy followed by surveillance can be enough treatment when some tumours are detected early.


Human migration: Climate and the peopling of the world
The human dispersal out of Africa that populated the world was probably paced by climate changes. This is the inference drawn from computer modelling of climate variability during the time of early human migration.
One of the most puzzling questions about the origins of modern humans has been why the dispersal of Homo sapiens out of Africa occurred so long after their first known appearance in east Africa approximately 150,000 to 200,000 years ago1. Fossil, archaeological and genetic evidence indicates that early migrations out of Africa into the Levant (eastern Mediterranean) and the Arabian peninsula occurred around 120,000 to 90,000 years ago1, but the further dispersal of our kind halfway around the world did not begin until about 60,000 years ago1. This out-of-Africa migration was pulsed, with waves of dispersal eastward to south Asia, Indonesia and Australia by 50,000 years ago, migration westward to Europe by 45,000 years ago1, migration into north Asia by 20,000 years ago and to the Americas by 15,000 years ago2 (Fig. 1). A paper online in Nature by Timmermann and Friedrich3 provides modelling insights into the potential role of climate in the human migration out of Africa.


Ever since the human race has discovered fire, it has been finding new ways to light the darkness. For millennia, simply setting a stick or oil on fire was our source of light, a very inefficient one at that. In 1879, Edison filed a patent for a light source that essentially heated a tungsten element to the point its red-hot glow emitted light. This was a huge leap in illuminance moving towns and homes away from highly pollutant oil burning. However, the incandescent bulb was still not very efficient.
In the 1930’s technology finally began to take some steps towards efficiency when it developed fluorescent lights. The approach here was to run an electric current through a tube filled with gases and produce light via the reaction caused.
More recently, light-emitting-diode (LED) technology has been commercialized. An LED is a small electronic device with two halves too it: One side known as the N side for negative and one side known as the P side for positive. When an electric voltage is applied to the two sides, electrons flow from the negative side to the positive side and, in the process of doing so, emit light. No more lighting something on fire or performing an electrochemical reaction on gas. Whether it be for a classic household light bulb or for a large highway light, these LED’s are now being arranged in a myriad of different configurations however best suited to their end application.
The efficacy of a light source is measured by the amount of brightness (measured in lumens) that can be produced for a given power use (watts). Below shows the increases in efficacy lighting technologies have gained over time. The higher the efficacy the less energy is needed to light a given application.
Enlighten is lighting consultant, designer, and wholesaler for commercial and industrial spaces.


In this series we are going to consider several metaphors that are found in the Bible that are used to describe God’s word. As with our recent study on Metaphors for the church, each example in this series will teach some unique and important truth about the Bible that will help us appreciate it more and better understand the role it should play in our lives.
THE BIBLE IS A LIGHT
When do men need lights?
What kinds of darkness do we face in human life? What do some of these verses suggest? Matthew 4:13-16, Luke 1:79, John 3:19-20, Acts 26:18, Romans 13:12, Ephesians 5:8-20, Proverbs 4:19, Ecclesiastes 2:13-14, 1 Thessalonians 5:4-5.
Read about the Bible as a light in the following verses: Psalm 119:105, Proverbs 6:20-23, 2 Peter 1:15-19, 1 John 1:-5-7.
How does the Bible give us hope?
How does the Bible remove ignorance?
How does the Bible expose sin?
How does the Bible give us wisdom?
What obligation do we have according to 1 John 1:7?
What other obligations can you think of as you consider that God’s word is a light?
Share any thoughts you have in the reply box below. Join us on Facebook Live or Zoom Wednesday night at 7 for an online review of this material.


Posted August 2010
While visiting the IMA in early 2001, Tom Duchamp of University of Washington, a geometer who works in computer graphics, attended a talk by postdoc Selim Esedoglu on image denoising. He wondered if the denoising method that Esedoglu described, which preserves image edges, could be modified to smooth surfaces that have edges and corners. The two started worked on this problem at the IMA but were not able to make much progress.
Why is this problem important? In computer graphics, one often acquires 3D models using some form of scanning. The process can be noisy and often introduces artifacts which show up as bumps on the surface. The task of smoothing is to remove these bumps. There are many methods for smoothing. While they do remove the bumps, they also smooth the edges and the corners, thus artificially introducing inaccuracies in the process.
Nearly seven years later, Esedoglu, along with graduate student Matthew Elsey, came up with a definitive solution to the problem. The approach they take is to associate an "energy" with a geometrical object. The idea is that the desired smoothed object is one that minimizes this energy. To solve their problem, they applied tools from topology, which is the study of mathematical properties of objects that are preserved under deformation. In particular, the computational scheme they devised were inspired by fundamental theory from topology.


There exists around seventy scorpion species that dwell in the United States. These arachnids are widespread in the desert regions of the southwest US, but many relatively harmless scorpion species can also be found in states along the southeast and even into the mid-east US. Of all the scorpion species that exist in the US, the most venomous is undoubtedly the Arizona bark scorpion. This species, which is often referred to as simply “bark scorpion,” is the only species in the US that is truly considered to be potentially deadly to humans. In fact, the bark scorpion is one of the most venomous scorpion species in the entire world. This scorpion species is most abundant in the state of Arizona, but these scorpions are widespread in the region ranging from southern California to western New Mexico and down into Mexico. What is perhaps more amazing than this scorpion’s venomous sting is the mouse species that willingly allows itself to sustain repeated stings from this scorpion. This mouse species is not only unharmed by repeated bark scorpion stings, but it also proceeds to feed on these scorpions by first consuming the stinger before moving on to the bulb containing the typically deadly venom. So why and how does this mouse species tolerate these stings?
The particular mouse species being discussed is commonly known as the grasshopper mouse, and strangely enough, bark scorpion venom allows this mouse to avoid pain rather than experience pain. Amazingly, the brain of a grasshopper mouse has evolved to make use of bark scorpion venom as a painkiller. After happily sustaining several stings, a grasshopper mouse proceeds to eat the entire scorpion before consuming its venom bulb in an effort to make the most of the arachnid’s valuable venom. Obviously, grasshopper mice dwell within the same desert region where its prey, bark scorpions, also dwell. The grasshopper mouse likely evolved this neurochemical trick in order to survive in a habitat where scorpions had been a constant threat. Ironically, a few genetic mutations converted this mouse species from a scorpion prey animal to a scorpion predator, and the worst kind of predator, as bark scorpions are defenseless against their attacks.
Have you ever heard of any other animal that is curiously unaffected by otherwise harmful insect or arachnid venoms?


Native/ Indigenous is a terms to encompass populations that are native to a specific region, existing before colonists occupied the land. Some other terms may be used in relation: American Indian/Alaska Native, Indigenous Peoples, or Native American. The resources in this guide focus on healthcare, treatment and the wellbeing of those in the Native/Indigenous community as well as increase education. Native people in America face unique health challenges such as traditional practices not being recognized in clinics and health concerns that arise from Historical Trauma Responses.
There are currently three federally recognized tribes in the State of Texas. The nations are the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas, Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas, and Ysleta del Sur Pueblo. (BIA) It is also important to recognize that the traditional stewards of the land the university occupies are the Kickapoo, Jumanos, Tawakoni, Wichita, and Comanche nations. Please visit the websites of each tribe to learn more about the history and check out the resources below on decolonization.
To view the citations related to the suggested search string, click on “Current Search Results”. Search strategies are included to allow the user to set up a PubMed search alert. Users can also cut and paste the search strategy into PubMed and combine with additional search terms.
(((((("Minority Groups"[Mesh]) OR (minority group*[Title/Abstract])) OR ("Ethnic Groups"[Mesh])) OR (ethnic group*[Title/Abstract] OR ethnicity[Title/Abstract] OR nationality[Title/Abstract] OR nationalities[Title/Abstract])) OR (("Indigenous Peoples"[Mesh]) OR "Alaskan Natives"[Mesh])) OR (Indigenous People*[Title/Abstract] OR First Nation People*[Title/Abstract] OR First People[Title/Abstract] OR Native People*[Title/Abstract] OR Alaskan Native*[Title/Abstract]))
Current PubMed Native/Indigenous Search Results
(Note: Results may include preprints. Preprints are not peer reviewed.)


May 26, 1932
In Denmark, a royal yacht was officially commissioned as an auxiliary ship of the Royal Danish Navy. His Danish Majesty’s Yacht (HDMY) Dannebrog (A540), which was named after the national flag of Denmark, had been built at the Naval Shipyard in Copenhagen. She was launched by Queen Alexandrine (1879-1952), who reigned as queen of Denmark from 1912 until the death of her husband King Christian X in 1947. The vessel replaced a longtime paddle steamer, likewise named Dannebrog, as the yacht for the Danish royal family.
Along with serving as a royal yacht, HDMY Dannebrog (A540) has been put to use when needed as a hospital ship. This vessel’s captains over the years have included Jørgen Hviid (1916-2001). As an officer in the Royal Danish Navy, Hviid played a prominent role in the Danish resistance movement that fought the German occupation of Denmark during World War II.
In the time since her commissioning, the Dannebrog has traveled more than 400,000 nautical miles (700,000 kilometers) and visited many of Denmark’s ports. She has also made trips to Greenland and the Faroe Islands, both of which — along with Denmark — form the sovereign state collectively known as the Kingdom of Denmark. In addition, the Dannebrog has visited numerous ports in other European countries and cruised the Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas.
The 257-foot (78.4-meter)-long Dannebrog currently serves as both the royal yacht and a private residence for Queen Margrethe II (1940- ), who is a granddaughter of King Christian X and Queen Alexandrine and has reigned as Denmark’s monarch since 1972.
Photo Credit: Colin (licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en)
For more information on HDMY Dannebrog (A540), please check out https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/palaces/the-royal-yacht
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The Signs of Heart Disease and Differences
What is heart disease?
Cardiovascular disease or heart disease is a broad term that refers to several different types of issues an individual may have with their heart. A heart attack occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked by a blood clot. Heart failure occurs when the heart isn’t pumping blood as well as it should. Arrhythmia is an abnormal rhythm of the heart. Stenosis occurs when heart valves don’t open enough to allow the blood to flow through as it should.
The first symptoms of undiagnosed coronary disease is sudden death in almost one-third of patients with the disease. The sudden death is the result of a heart attack that causes a lethal heart rhythm abnormality, known as ventricular fibrillation.
How significant is the problem of heart disease in America?
Most people have some risk of heart disease: It is the leading cause of death in the United States. More than 800,000 people die of cardiovascular disease each year – that’s one in every three deaths, and about 160,000 of them occur in people under age 65. Heart disease kills roughly the same number of people in the United States each year as cancer, lower respiratory disease and accidents combined.
We hear the terms “heart attack” and “cardiac arrest” often, and many people use them interchangeably, but in fact they are two different conditions. Can you explain?
A heart attack is the result of a sudden occlusion of a coronary artery by a blood clot. This actually is caused when the cholesterol plaque breaks and precipitates the formation of a blood clot.
“Cardiac arrest” is the term used to describe when the heart no longer pumps blood effectively and thus there is no blood pressure. Most common cause of this is ventricular fibrillation. This rhythm is most often associated with a heart attack.


Class LKG: Download Online Study Material, Textbooks, Worksheets PDF
LKG Class is crucial because This is the starting point for everything! It's not just a primer or a first step toward more advanced concepts. The fundamental building blocks that will be used throughout your children's lives are laid in this grade, and their love or disdain for a subject is developing. We provide Textbook solutions, Text Books, Worksheets and Drawing books in PDF format for LKG students.
CBSE Class LKG Books
Textbooks help teachers and learners in this regard. They play a vital role in the teaching-learning process. They provide the basic framework within which much of our range of Class LKG books includes textbooks for all subjects and boards in PDF. The digital format of these books allows students to download and access these on laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
Worksheet for Class LKG
As an assessment tool, worksheets can be used by teachers to understand students' previous knowledge, outcome of learning, and the process of learning; at the same time, they can be used to enable students to monitor the progress of their own learning. We also provide specially designed Class LKG worksheets created by academic experts to help students practise, revise, and test their knowledge at the end of each chapter.
Drawing Books for Class LKG
Our Class LKG Drawing books assist nursery children in drawing. It is a colouring book page that helps children improve their creative thinking skills. Beautifully printed colour pages are included in the nursery drawing book. The children enjoy colouring with ease and perfection in order to express their wonderful imaginations.


Imprinting is an irreversible form of learning. During the sensitive phase, environmental stimuli are permanently incorporated into the behavioral repertoire. Learning by imprinting occurs without reward or punishment. It is also fundamentally different from learning by experience. There are different forms of imprinting e.g.
Successor imprinting: especially in geese. The chicks of geese must first learn who their mother is after hatching, so they have no innate appearance of the mother. In the first hours after hatching, they prefer to approach all objects in their environment that move and make regular vocalizations. After a few minutes in their proximity, the chicks follow them almost unconditionally. In a natural environment, this is the animal that hatched the eggs and keeps all foreign individuals away from the nest – i.e. the mother. Konrad Lorenz repeatedly made sure that only he himself stayed in the immediate vicinity of chicks after they hatched. As a result, the chicks were imprinted on Lorenz and followed him wherever he went.
Sexual imprinting: Sexual imprinting describes the learning processes of the individual in its early development, which essentially determine the later choice of mate. During the sensitive phase, juveniles learn certain parental traits and develop a later preference to the mate that resembles these parental traits. Another feature is the large time lag between the time of imprinting on the object/trait and the performance of the associated behavior. Konrad Lorenz showed as early as the 1950s that male ducks imprinted on him after hatching did not later accept their female conspecifics as sexual partners. Female ducks, on the other hand, possess an innate knowledge of their male conspecifics – as do both sexes of geese.


2019 is on track to become a year in which there will be more mass shootings in our country than there are days in the year. A mass shooting is defined as an incident in which four people are shot excluding the shooter. According to the Gun Violence Archive which tracks all data for mass shootings, as of August 5, 2019, there have been 255 mass shootings, 3,237 total shooting incidents resulting in 8,796 gun deaths and 17,480 injuries in the United States.
It is time for us to say STOP!! ENOUGH!! There are no easy answers to resolving this problem but there are things each of us can do to help bring awareness and education to this issue. The U.S. Federation of the Sisters of St. Joseph recently released a statement calling for an end to gun violence. The Federation also offers suggestions we can all do to help bring awareness to gun violence. They are:
- Pray. Pray that we can turn our anger and sadness into advocacy and action.
- Call. Contact your Senators and ask them to pass the bipartisan background checks bill (House Bill 8) that was passed by the House earlier this year. To reach your Senators, call 202-224-3121 and ask to be connected to your senator. You will have to call twice to reach both Senators.
- Join a Local Organization. Join a local organization in your area advocating against gun violence or supporting victims of gun violence.
- Educate. Learn what roles systemic racism and white supremacy ideology play in contemporary justice issues.
- Examine. Examine yourself and your relationships for implicit bias to better understand the roots of prejudice in our society.
Join us in saying STOP. ENOUGH!


When I tell people I teach preschool for a living some reply, “What a great job. You get to play with children all day.”
My response? “You betcha.”
Play is not to be trivialized and is largely misunderstood. For young, capable and developing minds, play is serious business.
Adrian Voce author of the book, Policy for Play reminds readers in this extract that play for children is instinctual and imperative and being given the freedom and appropriate space to do so is their right.
In this adapted extract from Policy for Play: responding to children’s forgotten right, Adrian Voce summarises the importance of play and the barriers to its full enjoyment that modern children face. This extract was first published on the Toy Industries of Europe’s Importance of Play website.
While the precise nature of play remains elusive and indefinable, several academic disciplines – from evolutionary biology to developmental and depth psychology and the emergent neurosciences – each agree in their different ways that children’s play is central to who and what we are. It seems clear from these various studies that playing has a vitally important role, both in individual development and in human evolution, but that its primary purpose is simply to be enjoyed.
The great play scholar Brian Sutton-Smith famously said, ‘the opposite of play isn’t work, it’s depression’; the act of playing brings about ‘renewed belief in the worthwhileness…
View original post 955 more words
Play is so important. It’s an absolute travesty how schools are taking play time away when it’s such a critical component of development.


Soy lecithin is considered a supplement, it is important to know not only its benefits but also its side effects and whether or not it can be harmful to health. This way, you can take advantage of their strengths and prevent possible adverse effects.
Lecithin is an essential fat to cells, and can be obtained through the consumption of certain foods such as soy.
While it is an organic compound, today it is considered a dietary supplement that can help treat different conditions, such as losing weight through hepatic clearance.
While soy lecithin has different properties and benefits, its can also have side effects.
While soy lecithin considered potentially safe for most people, can cause certain side effects, the most common are:
- Gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea.
- Sudden changes in weight.
- Loss of appetite.
- Skin allergies such as rashes.
- Nausea, dizziness and vomiting.
- Blood pressure reduction.
Many of these side effects can be caused by chemicals applied to the cultivation of soybeans.
In addition to these data, are known controversial scientific studies that have evaluated the toxicity of the organic compound. According to the researchers of these studies, soy lecithin at concentrations between 2 to 5% in pregnant rats diets, and diet of newborn rats, would provoke cognitive deficiencies.
This toxic effect is due to the excess of choline in the brain, but it is important to note that most people are deficient in choline, therefore the results of this study are controversial. Also, no negative interactions with other supplements and/or medications are known.
Given all this information, you may wonder if soy lecithin is harmful to health. Well, in principle it is important to consult your doctor especially if you’re allergic. Nevertheless, the FAO/WHO considers soy lecithin as a safe natural supplement consumed in adequate doses (doses depend on age and certain health conditions).


The Santa Ana, Fairview, and Pacific Railroad was one of the shortest-lived railroads in boom-era Orange County. In March 1889, the Santa Ana River overflowed at Fruitland, washing out a portion of the nine-month-old tracks, and the small repairs were never made.
The town of Fruitland was near the intersection of present-day Harbor and Warner. It is called a phantom town because it was never officially registered.
In addition to the town of Fruitland, the right of way survey for the railroad lists other landholders adjacent to the tracks. At least three properties appear to have been held by women: Elizabeth Rabel, Mary Smith, and Mary Banning.
The SAF&P never reached the harbor. Some claim Banning denied the right of way, while others say the boosters only wanted to sell land, not run a railway.
Many old place names have changed over the years. Fairview Avenue is now Harbor Boulevard, Shell Beach is now Huntington, Rocky Point is now Corona Del Mar, and Santa Ana’s West Street is now Broadway.
Speaking of Broadways, in June 1928 the residents of Harper Street in Costa Mesa successfully petitioned to rename their own thoroughfare to Broadway. Why? Was it to shake off the associations with “old” Harper? To advertise, reminding visitors of the mansion-lined street in Santa Ana? Or because every town needs a Broadway?
According to the OC Register, contemporary accounts show the namesake of Edinger Avenue, farmer and politician Christopher C. Edinger, rhymed his name with “finger” or “humdinger,” not with “ginger,” as it’s usually heard today.
A photograph of the Fairview No. 1 engine is stamped Conaway & Hummel. Conaway was a leading landscape photographer of his day. While Conaway’s partnership with Hummel only lasted between 1887-1889, he later took on a young apprentice, Lou P. Hickox, who eventually bought out his former master. Hickox in turn sold to Mary A. Smart, who renamed the studio after herself. The Smart Studio operated until 1992, when the business closed for good, some 100 years after this photo was taken.


The M1919 Browning, A Piece of American Military History
The M1919 Browning, a .30 caliber heavy machine gun that was widely used during World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. The M1919 was utilized in the battlefield as a light infantry, coaxial, mounted, aircraft, and anti-aircraft machine gun by the United States armed forces. The belt-fed Browning machine gun was a force to be reckoned with and left carnage and devastation for those who stood up against these dreadful brutes.
Eventually, these machine guns were retired by the U.S. military and after these machine guns were phased out, they were sold to the Israeli military. It took these guns and made some significant improvements on the mechanical parts and improved the ammunition feeding system.
They were also converted these machine guns to be chambered in .308. The intention was to alleviate the stress of trying to find the original .30 caliber ammunition that it was originally designed to accept. Over time, that ammunition became costly and hard to find in surplus.
In the 80’s and the 90’s, after numerous upgrades by the Israeli military, it was phased out by them. Ironically, the guns and surplus parts made their way back to the U.S. for civilian use. The inflation of prices that followed and the availability of surplus parts and scrapped machine guns led to the development of semi-automatic versions of the Browning M1919.
Typically, these are built using a new right sideplate which has a raised “island” protruding into the interior of the receiver. This requires the use of a modified bolt, barrel extension and lock frame which have been designed to allow only semi-automatic firing. The “island” prevents the insertion of unmodified full-automatic parts. Several small gun companies have produced these “semi-auto machine guns” for commercial sales.
New to our inventory is one of these converted Brownings made by U.S. Ordnance, of Sparks Nevada.
A truly iconic piece of American firearms history, this beauty will be an excellent addition to any fanatics collection. Be on the lookout for this soon from D4 Guns.


Science on a Sphere is Science Central’s first new major exhibition since 1995. But don’t worry, none of your Science Central favorites are going away—the museum is opening up more space in the building for this exciting exhibition.
The display was created by researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to help display and visualize data; however, it quickly became clear to the researchers that Science on a Sphere was a great tool for science museums around the world. This exhibition will be the first of its kind in Indiana, and one of only eighty in the world.
Science on a Sphere works like this: four high-definition projectors in each corner of the room display images onto a suspended fiberglass sphere. The projectors show series of images, called data sets, from Earth or another planet or moon. The data sets can be historical information, like how the continents have moved over time, or can be more current, like where the clouds are in the sky today. Visitors move through a darkened room to view the projections on the sphere.
The educator leading the session will make a list of the datasets to be shown to the audience. This process is much like making a playlist of music—you decide ahead of time what you are going to play and choose the order. Educators at Science Central will then be able to use different datasets to make different kinds of presentations to visitors.
Science on a Sphere will open later this summer. For more information and to hear Science Central’s Executive Director Martin Fisher explain more, check out this video.
Molly Zweig is a student at Indiana University Bloomington majoring in International Studies, Spanish, and Portuguese. Molly enjoys spending time with her friends and family, cooking, and traveling.


This Week in California History (an ever-useful site, maintained by Jim Silverman) tells me that December 20th, 1844, is the date on which
Rancho Rio de los Molinos, a 22,172-acre Mexican land grant in present day Tehama County was deeded. It extended along the east side of the Sacramento River from Dye Creek to Toomes Creek, including present day Los Molinos.
So here is a little more about Rancho Rio de los Molinos:
Albert G. Toomes, a native of Missouri, came into California with the Rowland-Workman party by way of the southern route. They arrived in California on November 10, 1841, just a few days after the Bidwell-Bartleson Party arrived at Marsh’s Ranch near Mt. Diablo.
Toomes worked in Monterey as a carpenter with Robert H. Thomes, who had come with the Bidwell group. Together they built a house for Manuel Jimeno Casarin, secretary of state and sometimes acting governor under Governors Alvarado and Micheltorena, This turned out to be to their advantage, for as Toomes said:
“The house we built at Monterey for Governor Jimeno in 1845 was one of the best jobs we ever did in our lives, for the old gentleman not only paid us well, but got us our farms without any of the trouble others had.”
On December 20th, 1844, five square leagues (22,177 acres) were granted to Albert G. Toomes by Manuel Micheltorena, between Dye Creek and Toomes Creek with Mill Creek in about the center, on the east side of the Sacramento River. Robert H. Thomes received a matching land grant, Rancho Saucos, on the west side of the river.
John Bidwell had named Mill Creek (in Spanish, Rio de los Molinos) because it looked like a good stream for a mill. He also drew the diseño for the rancho.
You can see on the diseño that Job Dye’s ranch (Rancho de Dye) is to the north, and Peter Lassen’s ranch is to the south.
yesterday I just found the Toomes mill site.
His home site is next on the list.
I look forward to hearing more.


The danger of 5G and smartphone radiation
Scientists, doctors, environmental organizations and citizens from most countries, urgently call for a halt to the deployment of the 5G (fifth generation) wireless network, including 5G from space satellites. 5G will massively increase exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation on top of the 2G, 3G and 4G networks for telecommunications already in place. RF radiation has been proven harmful for humans and the environment. The deployment of 5G constitutes an experiment on humanity and the environment that is defined as a crime under international law.
Harmful effects of radio frequency radiation are already proven
Even before 5G was proposed, dozens of petitions and appeals by international scientists, including the Freiburger Appeal signed by over 3,000 physicians, called for a halt to the expansion of wireless technology and a moratorium on new base stations.
In 2015, 215 scientists from 41 countries communicated their alarm to the United Nations (UN) and World Health Organization (WHO). They stated that “numerous recent scientific publications have shown that EMF [electromagnetic fields] affects living organisms at levels well below most international and national guidelines”. More than 10,000 peer-reviewed scientific studies demonstrate harm to human health from RF radiation.  Effects include:
Negative microbiological effects have also been recorded.
Click here to see the full article.


The Wildlife Habitat Council certification program is a voluntary program that certifies ecosystem restoration efforts on corporate landholdings in support of overall biodiversity enhancement and conservation education efforts. Certification through the Wildlife Habitat Council offers a comprehensive and objective evaluation that can aid in environmental reporting and disclosure and demonstrate corporate support for managing high-quality wildlife habitats and community engagement and education. Habitat restoration, management, and monitoring programs generally consist of three components: 1) Habitat, 2) Species Management, and 3) Education and Awareness. Each part can consist of multiple projects, all of which individually contribute to scoring and, ultimately, certification level. Conservation Certification represents a long-term commitment not just to restoration, but also effective management and monitoring, with preparation for certification occurring over multiple years and continuing in perpetuity.
Process for Conservation Certification
The process for Conservation Certification and continued monitoring and management of corporate habitat restoration programs is shown in the diagram below.
EnviroScience can assist in all levels of the habitat and species management, monitoring, and education process to aid in WHC Conservation Certification. Please contact Natural Resources Practice Area Lead, Teal Richards-Dimitrie (email@example.com), with questions and inquiries regarding certification.
To learn more about WHC check out their great website full of resources for corporations looking to amplify their conservation efforts. “Every act of conservation matters!”


In a recent statement, the U.S. Conference of Mayors announced that mayors from over 170 cities in Illinois and throughout the rest of the country joined a national anti-bullying initiative. According to Education Week, the purpose of this bullying initiative is to create a series of responses based on evidence to combat the bullying problem that exists in school districts nationwide.
The Mayors’ Campaign to End Bullying
This initiative was developed as a part of The Mayors’ Campaign to End Bullying, which is a program that partners with the BULLY project and the national mayors association. When the mayors signed this initiative, they pledged to do the following:
- Raise awareness about the school bullying problem
- Create safe atmospheres for children to attend school
- Develop customized plans to mitigate and prevent bullying in school districts
To accomplish these goals, the mayors will receive technical assistance from a team at the University of Illinois. In response to this new initiative, the mayor of Sacramento said that it is the responsibility of community leaders to raise awareness about bullying and educate residents about how harassment can negatively impact the learning environment in schools.
Problems that could compromise the initiative’s success
Although this initiative was developed with good intentions, there are several issues that could affect its success. For example, in many cities, mayors do not have the control to determine which policies schools will adopt. Typically, these decisions are left up to separately elected boards. This could make it difficult for mayors to implement new anti-bullying policies and procedures in schools. However, mayors often have a great amount of influence in their cities, which may allow them to play a larger role in preventing harassment in schools.
One other obstacle mayors may face is that many of the schools throughout the country have already adopted anti-bullying policies to address bullying and prevent its short and long-term consequences. Mayors may find that already busy teachers and school administrators may not be interested in implementing new programs that duplicate existing policies. However, since one of the goals of this initiative is to create evidence-based solutions, the efforts made by the mayors who signed this initiative may be able to create solutions that can make a real difference in schools.
Although initiatives like this are often created and many schools already have bullying procedures they abide by, bullying remains a problem in educational settings. Parents who have a child that is regularly bullied by one of their peers may benefit from speaking with an attorney who can take legal action against the child’s bully.


Hindi varnamala practice worksheet can help your kids’ handwriting skills in a fun and engaging way. By practicing regularly, your kids will be able to improve their accuracy, and formation of the Hindi alphabet. If you are looking for a fun way to improve your kids’ Hindi handwriting skills, Hindi alphabet tracing writing practice is a great option!
Whether, your kids are in class 1, class 2, UKG, LKG, or Nursery, we have covered you all.
Also, if you’re starting to learn Hindi, or are just brushing up on your skills, it’s time to start practicing your alphabet writing.
In this article, we have provided Hindi varnamala tracing worksheets from vowel अ to consonant ज्ञ (अ से ज्ञ तक वर्णमाला practice worksheet). You can print out the worksheet and let your kids start practicing.
After practicing the writing of Hindi varnamala, you can let your kids start learning the sounds and spelling of each letter of Hindi varnamala via the Hindi varnamala worksheet.
Note: You can print the worksheets for personal use only, commercial use is not allowed.
Printable Hindi Varnamala Vowel Practice Worksheet
As a parent, you can print out these vowel tracing practice worksheets and let your kids trace and write the Hindi alphabet vowel. And as a teacher, this will be very helpful for your students as well.
Printable Hindi Varnamala Consonant Practice Worksheet
You can print out these consonant tracing practice worksheets and let your kids trace and write the Hindi alphabet consonant.
Also Learn: 30+ Best Hindi Varnamala Worksheets
We hope, these tracing practice worksheets will help your kids to improve the hand writing of the Hindi varnamala. If there is anything else you want regarding varnamala practice worksheet, let us know by commenting below, and we will create & provide more such amazing worksheets.


Buy your child a career for £25
Published 27 September 2012 under news
Any child's career prospects could be transformed for as little as £25, says Afterthought Software director Andy Duller.
That is the price of a Raspberry Pi, the revolutionary credit-card sized computer which has taken the personal computer world by storm.
The UK-made Raspberry Pi is on course to reach a million sales this year following its launch last April. The tiny PC has all the potential of a normal sized computer or laptop.
The Raspberry Pi’s use of Linux as the operating system introduces the exciting world of Open Source Software to a new audience. This encourages a collaborative form of software development which has major benefits for all concerned.
Andy Duller says the Raspberry Pi gives every child in the UK the chance of having their own computer, with its massive programming potential.
Andy adds: "In the software industry there is a serious shortage of skilled programmers. The Pi gives kids a cheap opportunity to mess around with a PC and to pick up some programming knowledge, which could be invaluable when they come to look for work. It’s never too early to try your hand at programming.
"We urge every parent to invest £25 in the potential of a brilliant and highly-rewarding career for their children."
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Terra Nova Discovery
The S.S. Terra Nova, a ship best known for its early Antarctic exploration, has likely been found off Greenland, an ocean-research group announced this week. Among the evidence: this picture of a mast lying in the North Atlantic.
Originally a whaler, the wooden vessel carried British Navy Capt. Robert Falcon Scott and his crew to Antarctica during the 1910-1912 Terra Nova expedition to the South Pole. (Related: "Rare Pictures: Scott's South Pole Expedition, 100 Years Later.")
After its polar days, the Terra Nova lived on as a supply vessel until it was damaged by ice and sank off southern Greenland in 1943.
A team led by the Schmidt Ocean Institute made the discovery July 11 while testing the new ship R/V Falkor's echo sounders-devices that help map the seafloor using acoustic waves.
Marine technician and history buff Leighton Rolley knew the general region of shallow water where the Terra Nova had sunk, so the team selected this region for their tests. Later comparisons of the sunken ship's features—including its length—with a museum scale model and historic photographs of the Terra Nova suggested a match.
Due to concerns for the Terra Nova's preservation, the exact location and depth of the wreck are being kept secret, according to Victor Zykov, Schmidt's director of science operations.
"It's a wonderful achievement—we're only starting to appreciate the importance of this find," Zykov said.
Clemson University historian Stephanie Barczewski said via email, "That the Terra Nova was found in the year of the hundredth anniversary of Scott's [reaching the South Pole makes] finding it even more special."
Terra Nova Pictures: Antarctic Explorer's Shipwreck Found
A century after Robert Falcon Scott's expedition to the South Pole, his ship Terra Nova has been located off Greenland.


Volume 26: Economy Of Times (1965)
Five 1-hour lectures.
All modern philosophy does is to omit one little thing: sacrifice… The economy of our creation is a very difficult one, because it demands from you and me —as a first admission—that we are the victims in the process. God’s world cannot stand without sacrifice.
—November 16, 1965
Reviewing this lecture series, Richard Feringer wrote that it was both the most compre hensive and most concise expression by Rosenstock-Huessy on time and its basic meaning to society, as opposed to the meaning of time to the natural sciences.
“Economy” has two meanings; before 1800, it meant that from the house of God, “plenty” was created out of the wilderness. After 1800, after Adam Smith and Karl Marx, it came to mean simply the production of goods and services, buying and selling.
The old meaning acknowledged that sacrifice was a necessary part of becoming a human being, that we must be convinced we are not wild animals and were within the House of God and so obligated to maintain an orderly house. The new meaning implied the possibility of avoiding sacrifice omitted any acknowledgement of community strictures.
These lectures explore the two different meanings of economy and suggest a way to re-integrate them for improved outcomes in the future.


What is a holotes and its parts?
Answer by Tony Fahey
An answer to this question can be adequately found by anyone familiar with research engine Google. However, given that this question has been put to the panel of Ask a Philosopher, and that it is a relevant philosophical question, please find below, a brief synopsis of the term that I have put together from the information available from sources too numerous to acknowledge individually.
The term ‘holotes’, first found in the Theology of Orpheus, but used extensively by Aristotle in his Metaphysics, derives from the Greek word ‘holos’ meaning whole. Holotes is a word used to describe any entity, living or dead, animate or inanimate, that is made up of dissimilar parts which when put together is altogether different in form and function from all or any of the parts from which it is constructed. The human brain, for instance, is a holotes the component parts of which may be said to consist of matter, energy and mind (thought), and whose function is to incessantly attempt to explain phenomena accordingly (similarly), that is, according to its own existence, to itself and to its complete satisfaction.
Thus, any form of existence is a holotes (plural: holoteses). For example, a stone, an animal (human or non-human), a celestial body are all holoteses. In turn, these ‘whole’ entities can be, at the same time, component parts of a larger or hyper holotes.
In short, holotes is a term used to denote the whole, completeness, integrality, the entity and its state of being complete, either by nature or by action of man, by including/putting together all necessary parts to this end.


By Alan Hewett
Since the Covid lockdowns and restrictions dog ownership has increased to such an extent that there is now a shortage of pooches and people are prepared to pay thousands for one. Dogs are loveable of course, (unless you have one next door barking incessantly.) For over eleven thousand years humankind has established a symbiotic relationship with dogs. They may even have been a factor in Homo-Sapiens surviving at the expense of other hominids such as Neanderthals.Dogs feature prominently in our lives. Farmers find their working dogs indispensable. There are guide dogs, search-and rescue dogs, assistance dogs, dogs that visit hospitals and retirement homes. Those of us that have one enjoy the benefits of exercise and companionship; they are truly, ‘one of the family.’ But the environmental impact of our pets may come as a shock.
Producing food for pets uses significant land, water and energy resources as well as generating huge amounts of greenhouse gasses. A study in America revealed that feeding pets created 64 million tonnes of carbon dioxide a year, that’s the equivalent of 13.6 million cars. A way of quantifying human demand on the earth’s ecosystems is a measure called global hectares. A medium sized dog requires 0.84 hectares to keep it fed for a year. Running a 4.6litre Land Cruiser, including the energy needed to build it and drive it for 10,000 kilometres requires 0.41 hectares. A citizen of Ethiopia uses 0.67 hectares. By the way, if you have a cat that equates to a V.W. Golf.
If you are now a dog owner consumed with guilt, there may be some relief ahead. Just as humans are reducing their meat intake there are similar moves with dogs. They can eat a vegetarian diet, but care must be taken to ensure it maintains healthy digestion and nutrition. There are plans to cultivate lab-grown meat, but a more interesting proposal is the use of insects. They are great for dogs, a complete protein. Crickets for example contain iron, vitamin B12 and omega-3 oils. Of course, convincing owners may be a problem and expect opposition from a pet food industry that generates over $90 billion a year.
Our planet has finite resources. We face many challenges regarding power, transportation and housing. Unfortunately, pet ownership adds to those problems.


Abstract: This paper aims to review and describe the models of disability i.e. the medical and the social model, the international classification of impairments, disabilities, and handicaps (ICIDH), as well as the International classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICIDH-2 or ICF). The terminology used was also the subject of review due to a lack of clarity about usage. After an in-depth literature review, it was determined that two terms are more widely used in journals, books and government documentation, namely ‘disabled people’ and ‘people with disabilities’. The WHO and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) definitions are accepted worldwide because they address and acknowledge the issues of disabled people. This article sheds light on the detailed conceptual framework of the ICIDH & ICF and the acceptance of ICF as the main disability guide at the global level. The applications of these models definitely help in understanding the health phenomenon called ‘disability’ and explain the paramount relationship between disabled people and society as a whole. This could be a ‘handbook’ for people at different levels in any organization to understand and be aware of different aspects of disability.
Authors: Ambuj Sharma, Anna Dunay
Keywords: disability, medical model, social model, ICIDH, ICF


Track Editor: Dimitrios Katsaros (firstname.lastname@example.org)
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), also called a drone, is an aircraft with no pilot on board. For some time, UAVs have been used by various countries’ militaries to carry out missions, either to avoid human casualties or to perform missions in a highly efficient manner.
The last few years, however, enabled by recent technological advances, miniaturization, and open source hardware/software initiatives, UAVs have found several key applications — in precision agriculture, delivery services, surveillance, and monitoring. Their use in diverse contexts is quickly transforming them from a futuristic idea to reality.
Thus, this special track on “Drone-Delivered Computing and Services” addresses theoretical and applied research related to the modeling, analysis, design, and application of drone computing and services. The track is interdisciplinary in nature. Relevant topics include theoretical and applied aspects of
- cloud/fog computing and drones;
- drones as cooperating agents;
- IoT and drones;
- drone streaming data management;
- security and privacy management;
- system software for drones (for example, operating systems and middleware);
- storage and caching issues for drones;
- application software for drones; and
- applications of drones.
All submissions must be original manuscripts of fewer than 5,000 words, focused on Internet technologies and implementations. All manuscripts are subject to peer review on both technical merit and relevance to IC’s international readership—primarily practicing engineers and academics who are looking for material that introduces new technology and broadens familiarity with current topics. We do not accept white papers, and papers which are primarily theoretical or mathematical must clearly relate the mathematical content to a real-life or engineering application. To submit a manuscript, please log on to ScholarOne to create or access an account, and then upload your submission.


This interesting name is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and has two possible meanings, the first being that it is an occupational name for someone who winnowed corn or performed a similar process on crushed metalliferous rock, or a maker of "fans" or winnowing baskets. The derivation is from the Olde English pre 7th Century "fann", to fan or winnow. Job-descriptive surnames originally denoted the actual occupation of the namebearer, and later became hereditary. However, it may also be topographical, and an East Saxon form of the Middle English "fann", translating as "dweller by the marsh", from the Olde English "fenn", marsh, bog.Topographical surnames were among the earliest created, since both natural and man-made features in the landscape provided easily recognisable distinguishing names in the small communities of the Middle Ages. In the modern idiom the surname can be found recorded as Fanner, Vannar, Vanner and Vannah. A quotation from Cocke Lorelle's bote, reads, "Barbers, bokebynders, and lymners, Repers, faners, and horners". John Fanner was recorded in Wiltshire in 1562, and Edmund Fanner was christened on November 5th 1595, at St. Mary's, Whitechapel, Stepney, London. A Coat of Arms granted to a family of the name is a gold chevron between three gold leopard's faces on a red shield, the Crest being out of a gold ducal coronet a gold buck's head. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William le Fanmer, which was dated 1285, witness in the "Assize Court Rolls of Essex", during the reign of King Edward 1, known as "The Hammer of the Scots", 1272 - 1307. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022
Enjoy this name printed onto our colourful scroll, printed in Olde English script. An ideal gift.


The Victorians were ahead of the game when it comes to the latest trend of 3-D entertainment. Before you needed sill glasses to view all the summer blockbusters, and before the even sillier blue and red eyed glasses, there was the Stereoscope, all the rage in trendy Victorian Parlours.
The stereoscope was a devise that allowed the viewer to see 3-D images. Stereoscopic cards would have two nearly identical images side by side, and when viewed through the stereoscope, our eyes would view the images as one, and certain elements would become 3-D. Remember when you were a kid and you had the plastic ViewMaster? The stereoscope worked the same way.
In 1998, the Oshawa Community Archives received a fascinating collection of Stereographs. They were published by Underwood and Underwood in New York, and these 22 cards were housed in a brown case, labeled ‘European War.’ Depicted on the cards are various scenes from World War I, and the images range from stoic to devastating. A harsh reminder that war is bitter and real. It does not care for nationality, religion, or status. War devastates.
A selection from the collection. Some images may be disturbing to the reader. Please be advised.