James Joyce's "Ulysses" (1922), Enrique Jardiel Poncela's "La Tournée de Dios" (1932), Jorge Luis Borges' "The Garden of Forking Paths" (1941), Vladimir Nabokov's "Pale Fire" (1962), Julio Cortázar's "Rayuela" (1963; translated as "Hopscotch"), and Italo Calvino's "The Castle of Crossed Destinies" (1973) are early examples predating the word "hypertext", while a common pop-culture example is the "Choose Your Own Adventure" series in young adult fiction and other similar gamebooks.