text: Des résultats aux politiques › Adapting and scaling a program, Scaling up an evaluated pilot › Community chlorine dispensers for better health
  The Problem: Millions of people worldwide lack access to safe water—a key to improving health and lives.
  Globally, more than 840 million people lack access to safe drinking water, putting them at risk of contracting a number of waterborne diseases, such as cholera, numerous worm diseases, typhoid, and dysentery. Access to safer drinking water, alongside improved sanitation and hygiene, can help prevent diarrhea, a leading cause of death among children under five years of age.1 Adding chlorine to drinking water can disinfect it against most bacteria and protect water from recontamination. Chlorinating water also eliminates the need to boil water to disinfect it, saving time and natural resources.
  However, encouraging take-up can be a challenge under distribution models that rely on households to purchase individually packaged chlorine. In Kenya, for example, 60 percent of households that were given free chlorine bottles used chlorine to treat their drinking water, compared with less than 10 percent who had to pay KSh 20 (US$0.30).2
  The Research: Source-based chlorine dispensers significantly increased the share of households using chlorine.
  […] Two years after installing the dispenser, 61 percent of sampled households had chlorine in their water, compared to less than 15 percent of households in the control group. — The New York Times. May 14, 2014.3
  From Research to Action: Based on research conducted by J-PAL affiliates and coauthors, more than 27,000 chlorine dispensers have been installed across Kenya, Malawi, and Uganda, providing access to clean water for 4 million people.
  1World Health Organization. 2018. "Drinking Water." Last modified February 7, 2018.
  2Kremer, Michael, Edward Miguel, Sendhil Mullainathan, Clair Null, and Alix Zwane. "Social Engineering: Evidence from a Suite of Take-up Experiments in Kenya." Working Paper, April 2011.
  3Coster, Hellen. "Peer Pressure Can Be a Lifesaver." The New York Times, May 14, 2014.
  4Null, Clair, Christine P Stewart, Amy J Pickering, Holly N Dentz, Benjamin F Arnold, Charles D Arnold et al. 2018. "Effects of Water Quality, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Diarrhoea and Child Growth in Rural Kenya: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial." The Lancet Global Health 6 (3): e316-e329.
  Researchers sought to examine the impact of factors including price, persuasion, and promotion on takeup of chlorination products in Kenya.