text: Epistemic has shifted from the arcane worlds of philosophy, linguistics, and rhetoric to the practical realms of business and marketing; for example, a 2007 Letter to Shareholders from the asset management firm Legg Mason referred to investors who "have a high epistemic threshold and do exhaustive analysis to create near certainty, or at least very high conviction, about their investments." Wherever it is used, epistemic traces back to the knowledge of the Greeks. It comes from epistēmē, Greek for "knowledge." That Greek word is from the verb epistanai, meaning "to know or understand," a word formed from the prefix epi- (meaning "upon" or "attached to") and histanai (meaning "to cause to stand"). The study of the nature and grounds of knowledge is called epistemology, and one who engages in such study is an epistemologist.
  The epistemic crisis Trump has accelerated is now morphing into a full-fledged crisis of democracy. — David Roberts, Vox, "The caravan “invasion” and America’s epistemic crisis," 2 Nov. 2018 Facebook’s epistemic crisis is perhaps the biggest story in tech and media from the last year. — Derek Thompson, The Atlantic, "Why Can’t Facebook Tell the Truth?," 10 May 2018 The slow death of local media has contributed to the epistemic closure in conservative circles, especially in rural areas. — Todd Vanderwerff, Vox, "The rise of the American news desert," 9 May 2018 Perceptual curiosity is often unpleasant until an ambiguity is resolved, while epistemic curiosity can be enjoyable while on the quest for new terrain. — Matthew Hutson, WSJ, "It Never Hurts to Ask," 19 July 2017 Revkin focuses on details in climate science, not on grand epistemic theories. — William Saletan, Slate Magazine, "Bret Stephens Should Take His Own Advice," 3 May 2017 After all, Republicans have taken pains to build an epistemic wall around their core voters, by delegitimizing the mainstream media, academics, or any kind of expert who does not flatter Sean Hannity’s intuitions. — Eric Levitz, Daily Intelligencer, "Rand Paul Comes Out Against Trump’s ‘Middle-Class Tax Hike’," 2 Oct. 2017 Whether the lies are the result of a strategic mind or a careless one, the general effect is the same: epistemic exhaustion, among Trump’s fans and detractors alike. — Megan Garber, The Atlantic, "The Mona Lisa Presidency," 29 Sep. 2017 One axis goes from perceptual to epistemic curiosity. — Jessica Gross, Longreads, "Why Are Humans So Curious?," 18 July 2017
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  The new Apple iPhone 8 is the new source for the rumors. From the release date, the specs and other rumors about it are already spread widely. The one surprising rumor that recently comes is that it will be featured with the Qi charging standard on the smart phone. Some believe that this is disappointing news. The explanation about it will be given below.
  Some source mentioned clearly about the iPhone feature that supports the charging system. Apple will support the 7.5W wireless charging through Qi. Actually, the Qi standard allows for a maximum number of 15W which will be followed by the smart phone. It is also mentioned that this 7.5W allows for 5V and the 1.5A. But Apple will share the program with the third party called MFi chips. This means that the restriction will be enforced for MFi.
  The disappointing news doesn’t end here. The rumor said that the same charger will be applicable for both Apple Watch and the iPhone 8. This makes the expectation of the iPhone 8 is going negatively. Some mentioned that probably some of the users will need to buy the more expensive wireless charger or some of the additional things like that. On the other hands, Apple has been claimed that this company has the poor record about this thing.
  People who are waiting for the next Apple’s flagship are currently thinking much about this one. Some of them are afraid that this information will be true. So what will happen if this information is true?
  If the information about this charging issue of iPhone 8 is true, it means that Apple will just introduce the wireless charging the market trend without making any great deal.
  But, this information has been revealed and confirmed by Apple. Some speculation rejected about the charging issue that will be slower and can take one-night only to make the battery full. This is because Apple hasn’t announced any official information regarding iPhone 8. On the other hand, many trusted sources mentioned that Apple is currently preparing the advanced technology to be featured in its next flagship product.
  And since iPhone 8 is expected to be released in late September or probably go on sale in between October or November 2017, all of us just need to wait for the release date to prove the rumor.
  Not long from now, Apple will release the information about iPhone 8 and we’ll see if there is news about the specs and design that can make us worthy to purchase it.