text: Notwithstanding the sympathy and support from commanders (such as Brock,[178] Cochrane and Nicolls), the policymakers in London reneged in assisting the Indians, as making peace was a higher priority for the politicians. At the peace conference the British demanded an independent Indian state in the Midwest, but by late 1814 the British-Indian alliance had been defeated militarily and the British had to abandon the demand. The withdrawal of British protection gave the Americans a free hand, which resulted in the removal of most of the tribes to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma).[179] In that sense according to historian Alan Taylor, the final victory at New Orleans had “enduring and massive consequences”.[180] It gave the Americans “continental predominence” while it left the Indians dispossessed, powerless, and vulnerable.[181]
  The Creek War came to and end, with the Treaty of Fort Jackson being imposed upon the Indians. About half of the Creek territory was ceded to the United States, with no payment made to the Creeks. This was, in theory, invalidated by Article 9 of the Treaty of Ghent, thereby restoring to the Indians “all the possessions, rights and privileges which they may have enjoyed or been entitled to in 1811.”[182] The British failed to uphold this, and did not take up the Indian cause as an infringement of an international treaty. Without this support, the Indians lack of power was apparent and the stage was set for further incursions of territory by the United States in subsequent decades.[183]