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  Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan, Mongolia Pages : 2 (758 words )
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  The Mongols ruled China and Russia, yet the effect of their rule in China and Russia, while in some ways similar, was quite different, politically and economically. Genghis Khan, born in the 1770s, was elected khagan (a title of imperial rank) of all Mongol tribes in 1206. Kubilai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson, was the commander of the Mongol forces responsible for the conquest of China; he became khagan in 1260. Kubilai Khan founded the Yuan Dynasty. Batu, the ruler of the Golden Horde of the dynasty, another grandson of Genghis Khan, was responsible for the invasion of Russia beginning in 1236. The Mongol rule over China was overbearing, while the Mongol rule over Russia was more disengaged. The political impact of he Mongols was under the rule of Kubilai Khan. They captured China and established the Yuan Dynasty in 1234. The Mongols controlled the Chinese area south of Mongolia. They established direct control over Mongolia, and ruled with a bureaucracy. There was no scholar gentry, no civil service exam, and Confucianism was not used. The Chinese were also not allowed in the government. They also had their hands on the social and cultural policies of China. The Mongol conquest of Russia reduced the Russian princes to tribute-payers. Payments fell heavily on the peasants, who found themselves reduced to serfdom. Until the mid- nineteenth century, serfdom was typical of Russian agricultural labor. Some Russian cities, such as Moscow, recovered their fortunes by the increased trade the Mongol empire permitted. After 1328, Moscow also profited by serving as the tribute collector for the Mongol overlords. The head of the Orthodox Church in Russia selected Moscow as his capital. In 1380, the princes of Moscow turned against the Mongols and led an alliance of Russian forces that defeated the Mongols at the battle of Kulikova. The victory broke the hold of the Mongols on Russia, although the nomads continued to make raids into the fifteenth century. The Mongol... Show More Please sign up to read full document.
  Mongol Rule Essay ...The Mongols ruled China and Russia, yet the effect of their rule in China and Russia, while in some ways similar, was quite different, politically and economically. Genghis Khan, born in the 1770s, was elected khagan (a title of imperial rank) of all Mongol tribes in 1206. Kubilai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson, was the commander of the Mongol forces responsible for the conquest of China; he became khagan in 1260. Kubilai
  Khan founded the Yuan Dynasty. Batu, the ruler of the Golden Horde of the dynasty, another grandson of Genghis Khan, was responsible for the invasion of Russia beginning in 1236. The Mongol rule over China was overbearing, while the Mongol rule over Russia was more disengaged. The Mongols, under the rule of Kubilai Khan, captured China and established the Yuan Dynasty in 1234. The Mongols controlled the Chinese area south of Mongolia. They established direct control over Mongolia, and ruled with a bureaucracy. There was no scholar gentry, no civil service exam, and Confucianism was not used. The Chinese were also not allowed in the government. They also had their hands on the social and cultural policies of China. Economically, the Mongols helped China much more than they did politically. Although china paid a heavy tribute tax to Mongolia, Mongolia renewed trade for...
  Essay on Mongol Rule ...The Mongols were regarded as cruel and vicious people, but changes in the above states caused by Mongolian rule is mostly well natured including advances in science and technology. The Mongols totally reformed some of the countries in the Middle East and Asia, with changes that are politically based as well as economically based.
  The Mongol era had many political influences on China and Russia. The Mongol
  rule brought about many power changes and reforms in both of the states. In Russia and China, the khans, referred to as "Great Leaders", ruled both states after initial conquest, causing a shift in the central power of the government. Also, the Mongols destroyed cities and forms of government rule of both states, even though many of the cities had initially surrendered, thus using terror tactics as a form of governing. Because the Mongols wanted to control both states with easy access, in China, the capital was moved to Beijing, thus causing Beijing to be the center of politics and commerce in China as well as Southeast Asia. Whereas in Russia, the Mongols formed an alliance with the Orthodox Church, and fused together government and church, giving more political power to the church. The Mongol era also helped unite China and formed the Yuan and Ming Empire.
  In addition to changes in political affairs of China and...
  compare and contrast mongol rule Essay ...centuries the Mongols swept across Eurasia and conquered various peoples, including the Persians and Chinese. There are many similarities and differences in the political and economic effects of Mongol rule on the Abbasid Empire in Persia and on the Yuan Dynasty in China. In both regions, the Mongols were relatively tolerant of all religions. However, they differed in that the Mongol's allowed Persia to have native
  administrators but did not allow China to. When the Mongols ruled in Persia and China, they respected all the religions they encountered. In Persia, the Mongols were attracted to Islam and overtime they assimilated to it. The Mongols were intrigued by Muslim society and by the year 1295, the Persian khanate had converted to Islam. They built mosques throughout the region and returned Islam to a privileged position of Persian society. The Mongols were also tolerant of the other religions in Persia including, Nestorian Christianity, Buddhism and Judaism. In China as well, the Mongols respected all cultural and religious traditions. They began to adopt some of Chinese culture, like ancestor worship. Khubilai Khan even built temples for his predecessors, so he could practice ancestor worship. The Mongols tolerated religions and belief systems such as, Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism and Christianity. They allowed...
  Mongol Effect on China and Russia Essay ...period C&C #4
  For many years the Mongols influenced the Eurasian world in more ways than one. This nomadic people, though few in number when compared to those they "conquered", was highly successful in gaining power and facilitating trade across the European and Asian continents. Russia and China are two particular regions that experienced the effects of Mongol rule both politically and economically. Yet while both regions
  benefitted economically, China saw greater benefit in its political system because of direct Mongol influence.
  Economically, the two regions saw much similarity under Mongol authority. In both, the Silk Road was maintained and the Mongols played a major role in facilitating trade across the two continents. The benefits of safe travel in both regions also helped to develop a sort of international economy that shared goods and ideas. The differences in the political policies of China and Russia came forth in their relationship with the Mongols and whether they were subjected to direct or proxy rule. Russia was isolated from the Byzantines and Western Europe under Mongol control but aside from that, Russians were generally free to govern themselves so long as the princes that purchased the right to be "Grand Prince" collected tribute and recognized the Mongols as the great khans. Under the...
  Essay about Mongols ...Mongols Essay
  During the thirteenth century the Mongols created the greatest empire in the world, which at its peak extended from the borders of Poland to the East Sea/Sea of Japan and from the Siberian forests to the Persian Gulf. Like so many of the other steppe empires, it originated in the grasslands and mountain pastures of Mongolia or Western Manchuria. The Mongols initially followed the pattern of earlier nomadic confederations such
  as the Xiongnu, who had engaged in mutually beneficial exchange with their sedentary neighbors, the Han, and controlled the trade of the silk routes. Unlike the Xiongnu, however, the Mongols would conquer most of the major sedentary centers producing the goods traded across Eurasia. The result was a mixed blessing. Some areas never recovered from the shock of invasion, while others flourished. As travel by Europeans such as Marco Polo all the way across Asia attests, for a time one can speak of a Mongol Peace on the trade routes, even if its benefits were far from uniform.
  The Mongol Empire was created by Chingis Khan. He was given the title of "Universal Emperor" when he unified the Mongol tribes in 1206. He spent the next years campaigning against the Qin rulers of north China. In 1219-1220 he marched west, destroying the kingdom of Khwarezm, in response to the murder of a trade mission he had sent. As in other examples, here we...
  cold, more
  resource-poor area that was ruled by a number of independent princes. The Mongols did not rule
  comparable in amount and served the Mongols similarly....
  Compare and Contrast Economic and Political Effects of the Mongol Rule in the Middle East and China Essay ...	The Mongols were a nomadic group from Central Asia who joined together under the rule of Ghengis Khan to conquer territory. The Mongols had an enormous affect on the territories it conquered. They generally took on the culture of the peoples they conquered. In China, the Mongols modeled the government similar to China's but did not allow Chinese members to become a part of the government. They also outlawed the civil service exam. In
  contrast in the Middle East, Il-Khan allowed local government officials to stay in power and keep their rule as long as they continued to pay taxes. However in both regions the Mongol's encouraged trade and eliminated tariffs through their empire. In that way they boosted their economies. Politically the Mongols changed the system significantly in China. Although Kublei Khan, the ruler of China during the Mongol ruler tried to model the government after the Chinese bureaucracy as exemplified by his naming the dynasty, the Yuan dynasty and keeping a strong centralized government with regular tax payment. He also outlawed the civil service exam because the Mongols were not well educated. In Addition he only allowed Mongols to be a part of the government. In contrast, in the Middle East Il-Khan kept the government very similar to how it had always been. The leaders of the mongols converted to Islam unlike...