text: Ruchi Joshi | PubFacts
  Publications by authors named "Ruchi Joshi"
  Relationship between emergency department and inpatient occupancy and the likelihood of an emergency admission: a retrospective hospital database study.
  Steven Wyatt Ruchi Joshi Janet M Mortimore Mohammed A Mohammed
  Emerg Med J 2021 Aug 4. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
  Strategy Unit, NHS Midlands and Lancashire Commissioning Support Unit, West Bromwich, UK.
  Background: We investigate whether admission from a consultant-led ED is associated with ED occupancy or crowding and inpatient (bed) occupancy.
  Methods: We used general additive logistic regression to explore the relationship between the probability of an ED patient being admitted, ED crowding and inpatient occupancy levels. We adjust for patient, temporal and attendance characteristics using data from 13 English NHS Hospital Trusts in 2019. We define quintiles of occupancy in ED and for four types of inpatients: emergency, overnight elective, day case and maternity.
  Results: Compared with periods of average occupancy in ED, a patient attending during a period of very high (upper quintile) occupancy was 3.3% less likely (relative risk (RR) 0.967, 95% CI 0.958 to 0.977) to be admitted, whereas a patient arriving at a time of low ED occupancy was 3.9% more likely (RR 1.039 95% CI 1.028 to 1.050) to be admitted. When the number of overnight elective, day-case and maternity inpatients reaches the upper quintile then the probability of admission from ED rises by 1.1% (RR 1.011 95% CI 1.001 to 1.021), 3.8% (RR 1.038 95% CI 1.025 to 1.051) and 1.0% (RR 1.010 95% CI 1.001 to 1.020), respectively. Compared with periods of average emergency inpatient occupancy, a patient attending during a period of very high emergency inpatient occupancy was 1.0% less likely (RR 0.990 95% CI 0.980 to 0.999) to be admitted and a patient arriving at a time of very low emergency inpatient occupancy was 0.8% less likely (RR 0.992 95% CI 0.958 to 0.977) to be admitted.
  Conclusions: Admission thresholds are modestly associated with ED and inpatient occupancy when these reach extreme levels. Admission thresholds are higher when the number of emergency inpatients is particularly high. This may indicate that riskier discharge decisions are taken when beds are full. Admission thresholds are also high when pressures within the hospital are particularly low, suggesting the potential to safely reduce avoidable admissions.
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2021-211229 DOI Listing
  Investigating organic nitrogen production in activated sludge process: Size fraction and biodegradability.
  Ruchi Joshi Murthy Kasi Tanush Wadhawan Eakalak Khan
  Sci Total Environ 2021 Jun 6;773:145695. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
  Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Electronic address:
  The effect of sludge retention time (SRT) on the production of organic nitrogen (ON) fractions (particulate, colloidal and soluble) and the biodegradability of produced soluble ON in an activated sludge process was investigated. Synthetic wastewater with no ON was fed to the four laboratory-scale reactors operated at SRTs of 2, 5, 10 and 20 d, respectively. Effluent ON from each reactor was fractionated into particulate, colloidal, and soluble ON (pON, cON, and sON). The effluent total ON contained 5.7 to 11.9 mg/L pON, 3.6 to 3.8 mg/L cON, and 2.3 to 4.6 mg/L sON. cON fraction can be larger than sON fraction in the secondary effluent. Therefore, besides focusing on sON, water resource recovery facilities aiming to meet stricter effluent TN limits should also identify appropriate technologies to target cON. More than 50% of effluent sON was biodegradable under SRTs of 2, 5, and 10 d but the biodegradability decreased to 31% at 20-d SRT. Large fractions of non-biodegradable sON (69%) at SRT of 20-d could be contributed by extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products, specifically biomass associated products due to endogenous respiration. Thus, sON generated at long SRTs may take longer to decompose in receiving waters.
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145695 DOI Listing
  Shreyas V Kumbhare Himanshu Kumar Somak P Chowdhury Dhiraj P Dhotre Akihito Endo Jaana Mättö Arthur C Ouwehand Samuli Rautava Ruchi Joshi Nitinkumar P Patil Ravindra H Patil Erika Isolauri Ashish R Bavdekar Seppo Salminen Yogesh S Shouche
  Sci Rep 2017 09 5;7(1):10555. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
  National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule University of Pune campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
  The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the compositional development of gut microbiota. Though well documented in western pediatrics population, little is known about how various host conditions affect populations in different geographic locations such as the Indian subcontinent. Given the impact of distinct environmental conditions, our study assess the gut bacterial diversity of a small cohort of Indian and Finnish children and investigated the influence of FUT2 secretor status and birth mode on the gut microbiome of these populations. Using multiple profiling techniques, we show that the gut bacterial community structure in 13-14-year-old Indian (n = 47) and Finnish (n = 52) children differs significantly. Specifically, Finnish children possessed higher Blautia and Bifidobacterium, while genera Prevotella and Megasphaera were predominant in Indian children. Our study also demonstrates a strong influence of FUT2 and birth mode variants on specific gut bacterial taxa, influence of which was noticed to differ between the two populations under study.