text: We direct and facilitate real-context, real-time reflective learning in a wide range of situations and contexts, in person and through virtual media; to generate and implement strategies for behaviour change.
  Our methods are supported by technologies for personal profiling, performance feedback, team-based reward, knowledge-sharing, and developing social and relational capital.
  We live what we teach: we collaborate closely with other specialists in organisational change and innovation including:
  
  Each SHAKTI class will support you in building physical strength and finding mental clarity through the practice of yoga. We believe in personal growth and transformation as a daily practice. Our mission is to empower and inspire everyone to live healthy, balanced lives on their mat and in the world.
  Join our community of amazing teachers and students, and practice with us wherever you are. When we flow together we create connection and build a powerful yoga community, even when we’re apart.
  All of our classes are live and use a two-way video livestream so you are in class with us, wherever you are in the world.
  We know you are super busy. That’s why SHAKTI Vinyasa Yoga has multiple teachers offering various classes.
  
  Trying to enjoy Ham Radio during the bottom of the 11-year solar cycle can be tough. The maximum usable frequency (MUF) rarely gets above 14 MHz, meaning QSOs on 17, 15, 12, and 10 meters are hard to come by. And the summer months see an increase in noise on the HF bands, which only deepens the suffering.
  However, for many Hams, the summer months are the most exciting time to be on the air. These are VHFers, Hams who enjoy making QSOs on 50 MHz and up. To them, mid-May to mid-August on the “ultra-highs” offers exciting propagation modes whose openings have nothing to do with the 11-year solar cycle. With a bit of change in perspective, you could be enjoying Ham Radio when others have pulled the big switch and found alternative things to do. And if you’re a Technician, these tips can help you do more with your license, because you have full privileges on all frequencies above 50 MHz. Many Hams have HF all-mode radios that include 6 meters, and some of the “DC-to-daylight” rigs have 2 meters and 70 centimeters as well. If you haven’t explored these additional bands, you are leaving some QSOs on the table during a time of low sunspot activity!
  There are three major forms of propagation that VHFers use to their advantage: sporadic-E, tropospheric ducting, and aurora. Here’s a brief description of how these propagation modes work.
  Sporadic-E, sometimes called E-skip, is so named because it occurs in the E-layer of the ionosphere, and because it’s… well, sporadic. During the summer months, ionized particles in the E-layer can clump together, becoming dense enough to reflect radio signals back to earth. 10 meters sees quite a bit of sporadic-E activity in the summer months. However, when the clouds get dense enough, 6 meters will also open. On rare occasions, even 2 meters can be affected. QSOs from 800-1,000 miles are common on a single “hop.” If two clouds appear at the same time and line up just right, “double-hop” QSOs are possible up to around 1,600 miles. Multi-hop openings to Europe and Central/South America occur on occasion. Lots of contacts can be made on SSB, CW, and FT8.
  The downsides: First, because this is a naturally-occurring phenomenon, it’s nearly impossible to predict when a sporadic-E opening will happen. It is possible to go weeks without hearing a signal, though that is a rare occurrence during the summer months. Second, the opening can be very selective. You may see 6 meters open, but Hams a hundred miles away may hear nothing but static.
  Depending on the size, position and density of the ionized clouds, the areas you hear may be very selective. For example, you may only hear stations from a particular state. Other times, the band is wide open, and you will hear stations from an entire region of the country. Openings can last from just a few minutes to several hours, depending on the density of the ionized clouds. Check out this video of VE3EN in Ontario working a 6 meter pileup on sporadic-E.
  Tropospheric ducting, or tropo, openings occur during stable weather periods of high pressure. While tropo can occur any time of year, it is most common during the summer and autumn. Typical conditions are warm, cloudless days with little or no wind. If a large layer of cold air encounters a large body of warm air, a temperature inversion, or duct, can be created. If it occurs on a larger scale, 2 meter signals can travel hundreds of miles. In extreme cases, tropo openings can extend all the way up to 1.2 GHz. Here’s a video of Larry, WD0AKX, talking us through a 2 meter FM tropo opening in Minnesota in 2015.
  HF operators cringe when they hear the words “solar flare” or “coronal mass ejection.” They know that a large burst of charged particles is going to hit the ionosphere and disrupt their bands, oftentimes generating the Northern Lights. What many Hams don’t know is that these flares can create fascinating opportunities for QSOs on 6 and 2 meters, and even 70 centimeters in extreme cases.