code: def has_valid_padding(value, bits=7):
          
  
          assert bits <= 8
  
          mask = (((1 << (8 - bits)) - 1) << bits)
  
          if isinstance(value, integer_types):
              while value:
                  if value & mask:
                      return False
                  value >>= 8
          elif isinstance(value, bytes):
              for byte in bytearray(value):
                  if byte & mask:
                      return False
          else:
              raise TypeError
  
          return True
docs: Whether the padding bits are all zero