code: def pass_defaults(func):
      
      @functools.wraps(func)
      def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
          merged = {}
          merged.update(self.defaults)
          merged.update(kwargs)
          return func(self, *args, **merged)
      return wrapper
docs: Decorator that returns a function named wrapper.
  
      When invoked, wrapper invokes func with default kwargs appended.
  
      Parameters
      ----------
      func : callable
          The function to append the default kwargs to