code: def after(f, chain=False):
      
      def decorator(g):
          @wraps(g)
          def h(*args, **kargs):
              if chain:
                  return f(g(*args, **kargs))
              else:
                  r = g(*args, **kargs)
                  f(*args, **kargs)
                  return r
          return h
      return decorator
docs: Runs f with the result of the decorated function.