code: def to_text(s, encoding="utf-8"):
      
      if isinstance(s, six.text_type):
          return s
      else:
          return six.binary_type(s).decode(encoding)
docs: Converts the bytes to a text type, if not already.
  
      :s: the bytes to convert to text
      :returns: `unicode` on Python2 and `str` on Python3.