code: def dump(stuff, filename, verbose=True, protocol=3):
      
      filename = os.path.normcase(filename)
      dir_path = os.path.dirname(filename)
      if not os.path.exists(dir_path): os.makedirs(dir_path)
      with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
          p = pickle.Pickler(f, protocol=protocol)
          p.dump(stuff)
      if verbose:
          print('Written {} items to pickled binary file: {}'.format(len(stuff), filename))
      return filename
docs: Store an object to file by pickling
  
      Parameters
      ----------
      stuff : object to be pickled
      filename : path
      verbose : bool
      protocol : 1,2,3 (default = 3)
          Protocol used by Pickler, higher number means more recent version of Python is needed to read the pickle
          produced. Default is protocol=3, which only works with Python 3+
  
      Return
      ------
      path
          Path where pickled object was saved.