code: protected function getDirectPermissionsByUser($userId)
      {
          $permissions = [];
          foreach ($this->getAssignments($userId) as $name => $assignment) {
              $permission = $this->items[$assignment->roleName];
              if ($permission->type === Item::TYPE_PERMISSION) {
                  $permissions[$name] = $permission;
              }
          }
  
          return $permissions;
      }
docs: Returns all permissions that are directly assigned to user.
  @param string|int $userId the user ID (see [[\yii\web\User::id]])
  @return Permission[] all direct permissions that the user has. The array is indexed by the permission names.
  @since 2.0.7