code: def _toVec(shape, val):
      '''
      takes a single value and creates a vecotor / matrix with that value filled
      in it
      '''
      mat = np.empty(shape)
      mat.fill(val)
      return maf _toVec(shape, val):
      '''
      takes a single value and creates a vecotor / matrix with that value filled
      in it
      '''
      mat = np.empty(shape)
      mat.fill(val)
      return mat
docs: takes a single value and creates a vecotor / matrix with that value filled
      in it