docs: def add_upsert(self, value, criteria):
          """Add a tag or populator to the batch by value and criteria"""
  
          value = value.strip()
          v = value.lower()
          self.lower_val_to_val[v] = value
          criteria_array = self.upserts.get(v)
          if criteria_array is None:
              criteria_array = []
              # start with # '{"value": "some_value", "criteria": []}, '
              self.upserts_size[v] = 31 + len(value)
          criteria_array.append(criteria.to_dict())
          self.upserts[v] = criteria_array
          self.upserts_size[v] += criteria.json_size()