docs: def request_ligodotorg(url, debug=False):
      """Request the given URL using LIGO.ORG SAML authentication.
  
      This requires an active Kerberos ticket for the user, to get one:
  
      $ kinit albert.einstein@LIGO.ORG
  
      Parameters
      ----------
      url : `str`
          URL path for request
      debug : `bool`, optional
          Query in verbose debuggin mode, default `False`
  
      Returns
      -------
      urllib.addinfourl
          file object containing output data, use .read() to extract
          text content
      """
      # set debug to 1 to see all HTTP(s) traffic
      debug = int(debug)
  
      # need an instance of HTTPS handler to do HTTPS
      httpsHandler = urllib2.HTTPSHandler(debuglevel = debug)
  
      # use a cookie jar to store session cookies
      jar = cookielib.LWPCookieJar()
  
      # if a cookier jar exists open it and read the cookies
      # and make sure it has the right permissions
      if os.path.exists(COOKIE_JAR):
          os.chmod(COOKIE_JAR, stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR)
  
          # set ignore_discard so that session cookies are preserved
          jar.load(COOKIE_JAR, ignore_discard = True)
  
      # create a cookie handler from the cookier jar
      cookie_handler = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(jar)
      # need a redirect handler to follow redirects
      redirectHandler = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler()
  
      # need an auth handler that can do negotiation.
      # input parameter is the Kerberos service principal.
      auth_handler = HTTPNegotiateAuthHandler(service_principal='HTTP@%s'
                                                              % (LIGO_LOGIN_URL))
  
      # create the opener.
      opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler, cookie_handler, httpsHandler,
                                    redirectHandler)
  
      # prepare the request object
      request = urllib2.Request(url)
  
      # use the opener and the request object to make the request.
      response = opener.open(request)
  
      # save the session cookies to a file so that they can
      # be used again without having to authenticate
      jar.save(COOKIE_JAR, ignore_discard=True)
  
      return response