docs: def fix_file(file_name, line_ranges, options=None, in_place=False,
               diff=False, verbose=0, cwd=None):
      """Calls fix_code on the source code from the passed in file over the given
      line_ranges.
  
      - If diff then this returns the udiff for the changes, otherwise
      returns the fixed code.
      - If in_place the changes are written to the file.
  
      """
      import codecs
      from os import getcwd
      from pep8radius.diff import get_diff
      from pep8radius.shell import from_dir
  
      if cwd is None:
          cwd = getcwd()
  
      with from_dir(cwd):
          try:
              with codecs.open(file_name, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  original = f.read()
          except IOError:
              # Most likely the file has been removed.
              # Note: it would be nice if we could raise here, specifically
              # for the case of passing in a diff when in the wrong directory.
              return ''
  
      fixed = fix_code(original, line_ranges, options, verbose=verbose)
  
      if in_place:
          with from_dir(cwd):
              with codecs.open(file_name, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  f.write(fixed)
  
      return get_diff(original, fixed, file_name) if diff else fixed