(1.) Heb. Adam, used as the proper name of the first man. The name is derived from a word meaning "to be red," and thus the first man was called Adam because he was formed from the red earth. It is also the generic name of the human race (Gen. 1:26, 27; 5:2; 8:21; Deut. 8:3). Its equivalents are the Latin homo and the Greek anthropos (Matt. 5:13, 16). It denotes also man in opposition to woman (Gen. 3:12; Matt. 19:10). (2.) Heb. ish, like the Latin vir and Greek aner, denotes properly a man in opposition to a woman (1 Sam. 17:33; Matt. 14:21); a husband (Gen. 3:16; Hos. 2:16); man with reference to excellent mental qualities. (3.) Heb. enosh, man as mortal, transient, perishable (2 Chr. 14:11; Isa. 8:1; Job 15:14; Ps. 8:4; 9:19, 20; 103:15). It is applied to women (Josh. 8:25). (4.) Heb. geber, man with reference to his strength, as distinguished from women (Deut. 22:5) and from children (Ex. 12:37); a husband (Prov. 6:34). (5.) Heb. methim, men as mortal (Isa. 41:14), and as opposed to women and children (Deut. 3:6; Job 11:3; Isa. 3:25). Man was created by the immediate hand of God, and is generically different from all other creatures (Gen. 1:26, 27; 2:7). His complex nature is composed of two elements, two distinct substances, viz., body and soul (Gen. 2:7; Eccl. 12:7; 2 Cor. 5:1-8). The words translated "spirit" and "soul," in 1 Thess. 5:23, Heb. 4:12, are habitually used interchangeably (Matt. 10:28; 16:26; 1 Pet. 1:22). The "spirit" (Gr. pneuma) is the soul as rational; the "soul" (Gr. psuche) is the same, considered as the animating and vital principle of the body. Man was created in the likeness of God as to the perfection of his nature, in knowledge (Col. 3:10), righteousness, and holiness (Eph. 4:24), and as having dominion over all the inferior creatures (Gen. 1:28). He had in his original state God's law written on his heart, and had power to obey it, and yet was capable of disobeying, being left to the freedom of his own will. He was created with holy dispositions, prompting him to holy actions; but he was fallible, and did fall from his integrity (3:1-6). (See [374]FALL.) Four Hebrew terms are rendered "man" in the Authorized Version: + Adam, the name of the man created in the image of God. It appears to be derived from adam, "he or it was red or ruddy," like Edom. This was the generic term for the human race. + Ish, "man," as distinguished from woman, husband. + Geber, "a man," from gabar, "to be strong," generally with reference to his strength. + Methim, "men," always masculine. Perhaps it may be derived from the root muth, "he died." Made for God -- Pr 16:4; Re 4:11. God's purpose in creation completed by making -- Ge 2:5,7. Cannot profit God -- Job 22:2; Ps 16:2. Unworthy of God's favour -- Job 7:17; Ps 8:4. Created By God. -- Ge 1:27; Isa 45:12. By Christ. -- Joh 1:3; Col 1:16. By the Holy Spirit. -- Job 33:4. After consultation, by the Trinity. -- Ge 1:26. On the sixth day. -- Ge 1:31. Upon the earth. -- De 4:32; Job 20:4. From the dust. -- Ge 2:7; Job 33:6. In the image of God. -- Ge 1:26,27; 1Co 11:7. After the likeness of God. -- Ge 1:26; Jas 3:9. Male and female. -- Ge 1:27; 5:2. A living soul. -- Ge 2:7; 1Co 15:45. In uprightness. -- Ec 7:29. In knowledge (inferred). -- Col 3:10. Under obligations to obedience. -- Ge 2:16,17. A type of Christ. -- Ro 5:14. Approved of by God -- Ge 1:31. Blessed by God -- Ge 1:28; 5:2. Placed in the garden of Eden -- Ge 2:15. Every herb and tree given to, for food -- Ge 1:29. Allowed to eat flesh after the flood -- Ge 9:3. Not good for, to be alone -- Ge 2:18. Woman formed to be a help for -- Ge 21:2-25. Possessed of A Body. -- Mt 6:25. A soul. -- Lu 12:20; Ac 14:22; 1Pe 4:19. A spirit. -- Pr 18:14; 20:17; 1Co 2:11. Understanding. -- Eph 1:18; 4:18. Will. -- 1Co 9:17; 2Pe 1:21. Affections. -- 1Ch 29:3; Col 3:2. Conscience. -- Ro 2:15; 1Ti 4:2. Memory. -- Ge 41:9; 1Co 15:2. Made by God in his successive generations -- Job 10:8-11; 31:15. Fearfully and wonderfully made -- Ps 139:14. Of every nation, made of one blood -- Ac 17:26. Quickened by the breath of God -- Ge 2:7; 7:22; Job 33:4. Made wise by the inspiration of the Almighty -- Job 32:8,9. Inferior to angels -- Ps 8:5; Heb 2:7. Is of the earth earthy -- 1Co 15:47. Nature and constitution of, different from other creatures -- 1Co 15:39. More valuable than other creatures -- Mt 6:26; 10:31; 12:12. Wiser than other creatures -- Job 35:11. Received dominion over other creatures -- Ge 1:28; Ps 8:6-8. Gave names to other creatures -- Ge 2:19,20. Intellect of, matured by age -- 1Co 13:11. Called The potsherd of the earth. -- Isa 45:9. A worm. -- Job 25:6. Vain man. -- Job 11:12; Jas 2:20. Flesh. -- Ge 6:12; Joe 2:28. Compared to Grass. -- Isa 40:6-8; 1Pe 1:24. Clay in the potter's hand. -- Isa 64:8; Jer 18:2,6. Vanity. -- Ps 144:4. A sleep. -- Ps 90:5. A wild ass's colt. -- Job 11:12. Originally naked and not ashamed -- Ge 2:25. Disobeyed God by eating part of the forbidden fruit -- Ge 3:1-12. Filled with shame after the fall -- Ge 3:10. Covered himself with fig leaves -- Ge 3:7. Clothed by God with skins -- Ge 3:21. Punished for disobedience -- Ge 3:16-19. Banished from paradise -- Ge 3:23,24. Involved posterity in his ruin -- Ro 5:12-19. Has sought out many inventions -- Ec 7:29. Born in sin -- Ps 51:5. Born to trouble -- Job 5:7. Has an appointed time on the earth -- Job 7:1. Days of, compared to a shadow -- 1Ch 29:15. Days of, as the days of a hireling -- Job 7:1. Has but few days -- Job 14:1. Ordinary limit of his life -- Ps 90:10. Ignorant of what is good for him -- Ec 10:2. Ignorant of what is to come after him -- Ec 10:14. Not profited by all his labour and travail -- Ec 2:22; 6:12. Cannot direct his ways -- Jer 10:23; Pr 20:24. Walks in a vain show -- Ps 39:6. God Instructs. -- Ps 94:10. Orders the goings of. -- Pr 5:21; 20:24. Prepares the heart of. -- Pr 16:1. Enables to speak. -- Pr 16:1. Preserves. -- Job 7:20; Ps 36:6. Provides for. -- Ps 145:15,16. Destroys the hopes of. -- Job 14:19. Makes the wrath of, to praise him. -- Ps 76:10. Makes his beauty consume away. -- Ps 39:11. Turns to destruction. -- Ps 90:3. Cannot be just with God -- Job 9:2; 25:4; Ps 143:2; Ro 3:20. Cannot cleanse himself -- Job 15:14; Jer 2:22. All the ways of, clean in his own eyes -- Pr 16:2. Christ Knew what was in. -- Joh 2:25. Took on him nature of. -- Joh 1:14; Heb 2:14,16. Made in the image of. -- Php 2:7. Was found in fashion as. -- Php 2:8. Approved of God as. -- Ac 2:22. Called the second, as covenant head of the church. -- 1Co 15:47. Is the head of every. -- 1Co 11:3. A refuge as, to sinners. -- Isa 32:2. As such, is the cause of the resurrection. -- 1Co 15:21,22. Shall be recompensed according to his works -- Ps 62:12; Ro 2:6. Cannot retain his spirit from death -- Ec 8:8. Would give all his possessions for the preservation of life -- Job 2:4. Able to sustain bodily affliction -- Pr 18:14. Sinks under trouble of mind -- Pr 18:14. No trust to be placed in -- Ps 118:8; Isa 2:22. The help of, vain -- Ps 60:11. The whole duty of -- Ec 12:13.
Man