calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method, is determined by an independent actuarial firm, considering the estimated future cash outflows using market yields at the statement of financial position date of high-quality corporate bonds which have currency and terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related liability. The current service cost of the defined benefit plan reflects the increase in the defined benefit obligation resulting from employee services in the current year. It is recognised in the statement of profit or loss as employee benefits expense. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefits obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit or loss.Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised directly to the OCI in the period in which they arise. The actuarial gains and losses are not subsequently reclassified to the statement of profit or loss. (i) Retirement Benefit Trust Fund (‘RBTF’) The Group and the Company operate a final salary defined benefit plan. The benefit is made as lump sum payment at retirement or earlier exits due to death and early retirement. Currently, there is no minimum funding requirement under the law. The RBTF exposes the Group and the Company to risks from interest rates from defined benefit being greater than expected due to assumptions such as salary increment or turnover rates not being borne out. The RBTF is also exposed to investment risks in relation to the assets of the plan. Any surplus in RBTF will be used to reduce any future contributions to be paid by the Group and the Company. The funding of the RBTF is based on recommendation of the actuary and approved by the Group and the Company. The contributions by the Group and the Company are based on 7.0% (2022: 7.0%) of the annual basic salaries of the members. The employees are not required to