We know also that the opposite party-I mean Imam Ali’s companions-was lying in wait for the caliphate and if any slip or deviation happened to distort the face of the rule at that time, it would be enough for them to turn it upside down as they did with Othman when he bought a palace, when he appointed his relatives as walis and when he deviated from the Sunna of the Prophet [2] although the people at the time of Othman were nearer to mildness and tameness and were feeble in their religion [3] unlike the people in the days of the first two caliphs.
Sawa awe amefika kwenye utawala huo kwa njia ya uchaguzi kama ilivyo fanyika kwa Abubakar na Uthumani na Ali na Hassan, na haukufanyika kwa mwingine yeyote kwenye historia ya kiislamu, au amefika kwenye utawala kwa kuwekwa na yule alie mtangulia kama ilivyo tokea kwa Omar Binil-Khattab na makhalifa wengine wa bani umayya na bani Abbasi na Uthmaniyyah, au afike hapo kwa nguvu na kwa kutumia silaha kama ilivyo tokea kwa Muawia bin abi Sufiyani na Abul Abbas Assafah.