This means that learning is structured, teaching methods are by telling and directing and the subject is perceived to be important in its own right, with memorizing facts and learning rules seen to be of great importance.
Hii ina maana kwamba kujifunza ni muundo, kufundisha mbinu ni kwa kuwaambia na kuelekeza na somo ni alijua kuwa muhimu katika haki yake mwenyewe, na kukariri ukweli na kujifunza sheria kuonekana kuwa ya umuhimu mkubwa.