The uninitiated are not always able to tell the difference between the blood parent, the legal guardian, the ray aman-dreny and the mpiantoka, or distinguish the informal ties between them and the child.
Los no iniciados no logran distinguir fácilmente entre el pariente consanguíneo, el tutor legal, el "ray aman-dreny", "mpiantoka" y los vínculos informales que los unen mutuamente y al niño.