وترد في عديد من الصكوك ومنها اتفاقية لوغانو، واتفاقية باريس لعام 1960 عن مسؤولية طرف ثالث في مجال الطاقة النووية() واقتراح توجه عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوربي عن المسؤولية البيئية().
It was also noted that residual liability for States was also supported in the Sixth Committee and was contained in several instruments, including the Lugano Convention, the 1960 Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy as well as the proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Environmental Liability.