(ب) أثر هبوط قيمة دولار الولايات المتحدة قياسا إلى العملات الرئيسية الأخرى؛ و
The 2003 administrative expenditure (including any direct charges to the operational reserve), which was finally projected at $45.5 million, posed a major challenge to UNOPS because of significant unavoidable cost increases resulting from: