text:
# If a gas sample in a balloon had a volume of 100 and a pressure of 3 atm. It mL was then compressed to a pressure of 10 atm, what would be its volume?

May 12, 2017

The final volume of the gas will be $\text{30 mL}$.

#### Explanation:

Boyle's gas law will allow us to find the answer. Boyle's law states that the volume of a given amount of gas varies inversely with the applied pressure, as long as temperature and mass are held constant. The equation for this law is:

${P}_{1} {V}_{1} = {P}_{2} {V}_{2}$

Given
${P}_{1} = \text{3 atm}$
${V}_{1} = \text{100 mL}$
${P}_{2} = \text{10 atm}$

Unknown: ${V}_{2}$

Solution
Rearrange the equation to isolate ${V}_{2}$. Insert the given data and solve.

${V}_{2} = \frac{{P}_{1} {V}_{1}}{{P}_{2}}$

V_2=(3color(red)cancel(color(black)("atm"))xx100"mL")/(10color(red)cancel(color(black)("atm")))="30 mL"

format: plain


text:
# Fundamental systems

• December 8th 2010, 09:53 AM
LHeiner
Fundamental systems
Hello

Once again I'm stuck: I need to calculate (explicitly) a (real) fundamental system of the following ODE:

$
x'=\begin{pmatrix}
2 &1 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 2 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& -1 &2 &0 & 0\\
0 & 0 & 0 & 2 &2 \\
0& 0 & 0 & -2 &0
\end{pmatrix} x$

Can somebody help me? I know it has something to do with Jordan normal form but my linear algebra is really worse (Crying).
THX very much!
• December 10th 2010, 02:11 AM
LHeiner
No idea? I really don't know where to start
• December 10th 2010, 02:36 AM
FernandoRevilla
Find $e^{tA}$, its columns provide a fundamental system.

In our case,

$A=\textrm{diag}(A_1,A_2)$

so,

$e^{tA}=\textrm{diag}(e^{tA_1},e^{tA_2})$

Fernando Revilla
• December 10th 2010, 04:30 AM
LHeiner
I'm sorry but what do you mean by $A=\textrm{diag}(A_1,A_2)$?
• December 10th 2010, 10:52 AM
FernandoRevilla
Quote:

Originally Posted by LHeiner
I'm sorry but what do you mean by $A=\textrm{diag}(A_1,A_2)$?

Diagonal block matrix.

Fernando Revilla
• December 10th 2010, 11:36 AM
LHeiner
Mhh, i really can't see the blocks, i can transform the matrix into a diagonal matrix but is this allowed in this case and does that help me:

$A=\begin{pmatrix}
2 &1 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 2 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& -1 &2 &0 & 0\\
0 & 0 & 0 & 2 &2 \\
0& 0 & 0 & -2 &0
\end{pmatrix} \rightarrow \begin{pmatrix}
2 &0 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 2 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 0 &2 &0 & 0\\
0 & 0 & 0 & 2 & 0\\
0& 0 & 0 & 0 &2
\end{pmatrix}$
• December 10th 2010, 11:44 AM
TheEmptySet
Quote:

Originally Posted by LHeiner
Mhh, i really can't see the blocks, i can transform the matrix into a diagonal matrix but is this allowed in this case and does that help me:

$A=\begin{pmatrix}
2 &1 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 2 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& -1 &2 &0 & 0\\
0 & 0 & 0 & 2 &2 \\
0& 0 & 0 & -2 &0
\end{pmatrix} \rightarrow \begin{pmatrix}
2 &0 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 2 &0 & 0 & 0\\
0& 0 &2 &0 & 0\\
0 & 0 & 0 & 2 & 0\\
0& 0 & 0 & 0 &2
\end{pmatrix}$

You need to find the characteristic polynomial to find the eigenvalues. After you have the eigenvalues you can find a basis of genervalized eigenvectors, from there you will know the size of each Jordan block for each eigenvalue, so you can write down the Jordan Normal form.


text:
frbs (version 3.2-0)

# fuzzifier: Transforming from crisp set into linguistic terms

## Description

Fuzzification refers to the process of transforming a crisp set into linguistic terms.

## Usage

fuzzifier(data, num.varinput, num.labels.input, varinp.mf)

## Arguments

data

a matrix of data containing numerical elements.

num.varinput

number of input variables.

num.labels.input

the number of labels of the input variables.

varinp.mf

a matrix containing the parameters to form the membership functions. See the Detail section.

## Value

A matrix of the degree of each linguistic terms based on the shape of the membership functions

## Details

In this function, there are five shapes of membership functions implemented, namely TRIANGLE, TRAPEZOID, GAUSSIAN, SIGMOID, and BELL. They are represented by a matrix that the dimension is ($$5, n$$) where $$n$$ is a multiplication the number of linguistic terms/labels and the number of input variables. The rows of the matrix represent: The first row is the type of membership function, where 1 means TRIANGLE, 2 means TRAPEZOID in left side, 3 means TRAPEZOID in right side, 4 means TRAPEZOID in the middle, 5 means GAUSSIAN, 6 means SIGMOID, and 7 means BELL. And, the second up to fifth row indicate the corner points to construct the functions.

• TRIANGLE has three parameters ($$a, b, c$$), where $$b$$ is the center point of the TRIANGLE, and $$a$$ and $$c$$ are the left and right points, respectively.

• TRAPEZOID has four parameters ($$a, b, c, d$$).

• GAUSSIAN has two parameters ($$mean$$ and $$variance$$).

• SIGMOID has two parameters ($$\gamma$$ and $$c$$) for representing steepness of the function and distance from the origin, respectively.

• BELL has three parameters ($$a, b, c$$).

For example:

varinp.mf <- matrix(c(2,1,3,2,3,0,30,60,0,40,20,50,80,

30,80,40,70,100,60,100,0,0,100,0,100), nrow=5, byrow=TRUE)

defuzzifier, rulebase, and inference


text:
allout.el 166 KB
 Richard M. Stallman committed Oct 30, 1995 1 ;;; allout.el --- Extensive outline mode for use alone and with other modes.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 2   Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 3 ;; Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 4   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 5 6 7 ;; Author: Ken Manheimer ;; Maintainer: Ken Manheimer ;; Created: Dec 1991 - first release to usenet  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 8 ;; Version: Id: allout.el,v 4.3 1994/05/12 17:43:08 klm Exp ||  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 9 ;; Keywords: outline mode  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 10 11 12  ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 07, 1994 13 14 15 16 17 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) ;; any later version.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 18 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 07, 1994 19 20 21 22 23 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ;; GNU General Public License for more details. ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License  Erik Naggum committed Jan 14, 1996 24 25 26 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 27   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 ;;;_* Commentary: ;; Allout outline mode provides extensive outline formatting and ;; manipulation capabilities, subsuming and well beyond that of ;; standard emacs outline mode. It is specifically aimed at ;; supporting outline structuring and manipulation of syntax- ;; sensitive text, eg programming languages. (For an example, see the ;; allout code itself, which is organized in outline structure.) ;; ;; It also includes such things as topic-oriented repositioning, cut, and ;; paste; integral outline exposure-layout; incremental search with  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 39 ;; dynamic exposure/concealment of concealed text; automatic topic-number  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 40 41 42 43 44 45 ;; maintenance; and many other features. ;; ;; See the docstring of the variables outline-layout' and ;; outline-auto-activation' for details on automatic activation of ;; allout outline-mode as a minor mode. (It has changed since allout ;; 3.x, for those of you that depend on the old method.)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 46 ;;  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 47 48 49 ;; Note - the lines beginning with ';;;_' are outline topic headers. ;; Just 'ESC-x eval-current-buffer' to give it a whirl.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 ;;Ken Manheimer 301 975-3539 ;;ken.manheimer@nist.gov FAX: 301 963-9137 ;; ;;Computer Systems and Communications Division ;; ;; Nat'l Institute of Standards and Technology ;; Technology A151 ;; Gaithersburg, MD 20899  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 ;;;_* Provide (provide 'outline) (provide 'allout) ;;;_* USER CUSTOMIZATION VARIABLES: ;;;_ + Layout, Mode, and Topic Header Configuration ;;;_ = outline-auto-activation (defvar outline-auto-activation nil "*Regulates auto-activation modality of allout outlines - see outline-init'. Setq-default by outline-init' to regulate whether or not allout outline mode is automatically activated when the buffer-specific variable outline-layout' is non-nil, and whether or not the layout dictated by outline-layout' should be imposed on mode activation. With value t', auto-mode-activation and auto-layout are enabled. $$This also depends on outline-find-file-hooks' being installed in find-file-hooks', which is also done by outline-init'.) With value ask', auto-mode-activation is enabled, and endorsement for performing auto-layout is asked of the user each time. With value activate', only auto-mode-activation is enabled, auto- layout is not. With value nil', neither auto-mode-activation nor auto-layout are enabled. See the docstring for outline-init' for the proper interface to this variable.") ;;;_ = outline-layout (defvar outline-layout nil "*Layout specification and provisional mode trigger for allout outlines.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 94   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 Buffer-specific. A list value specifies a default layout for the current buffer, to be applied upon activation of allout outline-mode. Any non-nil value will automatically trigger allout outline-mode, provided outline- init' has been called to enable it. See the docstring for outline-init' for details on setting up for auto-mode-activation, and for outline-expose-topic' for the format of the layout specification. You can associate a particular outline layout with a file by setting this var via the file's local variables. For example, the following  Richard M. Stallman committed Mar 16, 1995 108 lines at the bottom of an Emacs Lisp file:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123  ;;;Local variables: ;;;outline-layout: \(0 : -1 -1 0$$ ;;;End: will, modulo the above-mentioned conditions, cause the mode to be activated when the file is visited, followed by the equivalent of $$outline-expose-topic 0 : -1 -1 0$$'. $$This is the layout used for the allout.el, itself.) Also, allout's mode-specific provisions will make topic prefixes default to the comment-start string, if any, of the language of the file. This is modulo the setting of outline-use-mode-specific- leader', which see.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-layout)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 124   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 125 ;;;_ = outline-header-prefix  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 126 (defvar outline-header-prefix "."  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 127 128 129  "*Leading string which helps distinguish topic headers. Outline topic header lines are identified by a leading topic  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 130 131 header prefix, which mostly have the value of this var at their front. \(Level 1 topics are exceptions. They consist of only a single  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 132 133 character, which is typically set to the outline-primary-bullet. Many outlines start at level 2 to avoid this discrepancy.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 134 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-header-prefix)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 135 136 ;;;_ = outline-primary-bullet (defvar outline-primary-bullet "*"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 137 138 139  "Bullet used for top-level outline topics. Outline topic header lines are identified by a leading topic header  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 140 141 142 prefix, which is concluded by bullets that includes the value of this var and the respective outline-*-bullets-string vars.  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 143 The value of an asterisk ('*') provides for backwards compatibility  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 144 145 146 with the original emacs outline mode. See outline-plain-bullets-string and outline-distinctive-bullets-string for the range of available bullets.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 147 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-primary-bullet)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 148 149 150 ;;;_ = outline-plain-bullets-string (defvar outline-plain-bullets-string (concat outline-primary-bullet "+-:.;,")  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 151 152 153  "*The bullets normally used in outline topic prefixes. See 'outline-distinctive-bullets-string' for the other kind of  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 154 bullets.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 155   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 156 DO NOT include the close-square-bracket, ']', as a bullet.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 157   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 158 159 Outline mode has to be reactivated in order for changes to the value of this var to take effect.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 160 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-plain-bullets-string)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 161 162 ;;;_ = outline-distinctive-bullets-string (defvar outline-distinctive-bullets-string "=>([{}&!?#%\"X@~\\"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 163  "*Persistent outline header bullets used to distinguish special topics.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 164   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 165 166 167 168 These bullets are not offered among the regular, level-specific rotation, and are not altered by automatic rebulleting, as when shifting the level of a topic. See outline-plain-bullets-string' for the selection of alternating bullets.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 169   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 170 You must run 'set-outline-regexp' in order for changes  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 171 172 173 174 to the value of this var to effect outline-mode operation. DO NOT include the close-square-bracket, ']', on either of the bullet strings.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 175 176 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-distinctive-bullets-string)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 ;;;_ = outline-use-mode-specific-leader (defvar outline-use-mode-specific-leader t "*When non-nil, use mode-specific topic-header prefixes. Allout outline mode will use the mode-specific outline-mode-leaders' and/or comment-start string, if any, to lead the topic prefix string, so topic headers look like comments in the programming language. String values are used as they stand. Value t' means to first check for assoc value in outline-mode-leaders' alist, then use comment-start string, if any, then use default \(.'). \(See note about use of comment-start strings, below.$$ Set to the symbol for either of outline-mode-leaders' or comment-start' to use only one of them, respectively. Value nil' means to always use the default $$.'$$. comment-start strings that do not end in spaces are tripled, and an '_' underscore is tacked on the end, to distinguish them from regular comment strings. comment-start strings that do end in spaces are not tripled, but an underscore is substituted for the space. $This presumes that the space is for appearance, not comment syntax. You can use outline-mode-leaders' to override this behavior, when incorrect.$") ;;;_ = outline-mode-leaders (defvar outline-mode-leaders '() "Specific outline-prefix leading strings per major modes. Entries will be used in the stead (or lieu) of mode-specific comment-start strings. See also outline-use-mode-specific-leader'. If you're constructing a string that will comment-out outline structuring so it can be included in program code, append an extra character, like an \"_\" underscore, to distinguish the lead string from regular comments that start at bol.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 215 ;;;_ = outline-old-style-prefixes  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 216 (defvar outline-old-style-prefixes nil  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 217 218 219  "*When non-nil, use only old-and-crusty outline-mode '*' topic prefixes. Non-nil restricts the topic creation and modification  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 220 221 functions to asterix-padded prefixes, so they look exactly like the original emacs-outline style prefixes.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 222   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 223 224 Whatever the setting of this variable, both old and new style prefixes are always respected by the topic maneuvering functions.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 225 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-old-style-prefixes)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 226 ;;;_ = outline-stylish-prefixes - alternating bullets  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 227 (defvar outline-stylish-prefixes t  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 228  "*Do fancy stuff with topic prefix bullets according to level, etc.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 229   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 Non-nil enables topic creation, modification, and repositioning functions to vary the topic bullet char (the char that marks the topic depth) just preceding the start of the topic text) according to level. Otherwise, only asterisks ('*') and distinctive bullets are used. This is how an outline can look (but sans indentation) with stylish prefixes:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 237 238 239 240 241  * Top level .* A topic . + One level 3 subtopic . . One level 4 subtopic  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 242  . . A second 4 subtopic  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 243  . + Another level 3 subtopic  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 244 245 246 247  . #1 A numbered level 4 subtopic . #2 Another . ! Another level 4 subtopic with a different distinctive bullet . #4 And another numbered level 4 subtopic  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 248   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 249 250 This would be an outline with stylish prefixes inhibited (but the numbered and other distinctive bullets retained):  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 251 252 253  * Top level .* A topic  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261  . * One level 3 subtopic . * One level 4 subtopic . * A second 4 subtopic . * Another level 3 subtopic . #1 A numbered level 4 subtopic . #2 Another . ! Another level 4 subtopic with a different distinctive bullet . #4 And another numbered level 4 subtopic  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269  Stylish and constant prefixes (as well as old-style prefixes) are always respected by the topic maneuvering functions, regardless of this variable setting. The setting of this var is not relevant when outline-old-style-prefixes is non-nil.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-stylish-prefixes)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 270   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 271 272 ;;;_ = outline-numbered-bullet (defvar outline-numbered-bullet "#"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 273 274  "*String designating bullet of topics that have auto-numbering; nil for none.  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 275 Topics having this bullet have automatic maintenance of a sibling  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 276 sequence-number tacked on, just after the bullet. Conventionally set  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 277 to \"#\", you can set it to a bullet of your choice. A nil value  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 278 disables numbering maintenance.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 279 280 281 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-numbered-bullet) ;;;_ = outline-file-xref-bullet (defvar outline-file-xref-bullet "@"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 282 283 284  "*Bullet signifying file cross-references, for outline-resolve-xref'. Set this var to the bullet you want to use for file cross-references.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 Set it 'nil' if you want to inhibit this capability.") ;;;_ + LaTeX formatting ;;;_ - outline-number-pages (defvar outline-number-pages nil "*Non-nil turns on page numbering for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-label-style (defvar outline-label-style "\\large\\bf" "*Font and size of labels for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-head-line-style (defvar outline-head-line-style "\\large\\sl " "*Font and size of entries for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-body-line-style (defvar outline-body-line-style " " "*Font and size of entries for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-title-style (defvar outline-title-style "\\Large\\bf" "*Font and size of titles for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-title (defvar outline-title '(or buffer-file-name (current-buffer-name)) "*Expression to be evaluated to determine the title for LaTeX formatted copy.") ;;;_ - outline-line-skip (defvar outline-line-skip ".05cm" "*Space between lines for LaTeX formatting of an outline.") ;;;_ - outline-indent (defvar outline-indent ".3cm" "*LaTeX formatted depth-indent spacing.") ;;;_ + Miscellaneous customization ;;;_ = outline-keybindings-list ;;; You have to reactivate outline-mode - '(outline-mode t)' - to ;;; institute changes to this var. (defvar outline-keybindings-list ()  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 320 321 322 323 324 325  "*List of outline-mode key / function bindings. These bindings will be locally bound on the outline-mode-map. The keys will be prefixed by outline-command-prefix, unless the cell contains a third, no-nil element, in which case the initial string will be used as is.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 326 (setq outline-keybindings-list  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 327 328  '( ; Motion commands:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338  ("?t" outline-latexify-exposed) ("\C-n" outline-next-visible-heading) ("\C-p" outline-previous-visible-heading) ("\C-u" outline-up-current-level) ("\C-f" outline-forward-current-level) ("\C-b" outline-backward-current-level) ("\C-a" outline-beginning-of-current-entry) ("\C-e" outline-end-of-current-entry) ;;("\C-n" outline-next-line-or-topic) ;;("\C-p" outline-previous-line-or-topic)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 339  ; Exposure commands:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 340 341 342 343 344  ("\C-i" outline-show-children) ("\C-s" outline-show-current-subtree) ("\C-h" outline-hide-current-subtree) ("\C-o" outline-show-current-entry) ("!" outline-show-all)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 345  ; Alteration commands:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 346 347 348 349 350 351 352  (" " outline-open-sibtopic) ("." outline-open-subtopic) ("," outline-open-supertopic) ("'" outline-shift-in) (">" outline-shift-in) ("<" outline-shift-out) ("\C-m" outline-rebullet-topic)  Karl Heuer committed May 02, 1995 353  ("*" outline-rebullet-current-heading)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 354 355 356 357 358  ("#" outline-number-siblings) ("\C-k" outline-kill-line t) ("\C-y" outline-yank t) ("\M-y" outline-yank-pop t) ("\C-k" outline-kill-topic)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 359  ; Miscellaneous commands:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 360 361 362  ("\C-@" outline-mark-topic) ("@" outline-resolve-xref) ("?c" outline-copy-exposed)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 363   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 364 365 366 ;;;_ = outline-command-prefix (defvar outline-command-prefix "\C-c" "*Key sequence to be used as prefix for outline mode command key bindings.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 367   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 368 369 370 ;;;_ = outline-enwrap-isearch-mode (defvar outline-enwrap-isearch-mode t "*Set non-nil to enable automatic exposure of concealed isearch targets.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 371   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 372 373 If non-nil, isearch will expose hidden text encountered in the course of a search, and to reconceal it if the search is continued past it.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 374 375 376  ;;;_ = outline-use-hanging-indents (defvar outline-use-hanging-indents t  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 377 378 379 380  "*If non-nil, topic body text auto-indent defaults to indent of the header. Ie, it is indented to be just past the header prefix. This is relevant mostly for use with indented-text-mode, or other situations where auto-fill occurs.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 381 382 383 384 385 386  [This feature no longer depends in any way on the 'filladapt.el' lisp-archive package.]") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-use-hanging-indents) ;;;_ = outline-reindent-bodies  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 387 388 (defvar outline-reindent-bodies (if outline-use-hanging-indents 'text)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 389  "*Non-nil enables auto-adjust of topic body hanging indent with depth shifts.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 390   Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 When active, topic body lines that are indented even with or beyond their topic header are reindented to correspond with depth shifts of the header. A value of t' enables reindent in non-programming-code buffers, ie those that do not have the variable comment-start' set. A value of force' enables reindent whether or not comment-start' is set.")  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 399 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-reindent-bodies)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 400 401 402  ;;;_ = outline-inhibit-protection (defvar outline-inhibit-protection nil  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 403 404 405 406 407  "*Non-nil disables warnings and confirmation-checks for concealed-text edits. Outline mode uses emacs change-triggered functions to detect unruly changes to concealed regions. Set this var non-nil to disable the protection, potentially increasing text-entry responsiveness a bit.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 408   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 409 410 This var takes effect at outline-mode activation, so you may have to deactivate and then reactivate the mode if you want to toggle the  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 411 412 behavior.")  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 413 ;;;_* CODE - no user customizations below.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 414   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 415 416 417 418 ;;;_ #1 Internal Outline Formatting and Configuration ;;;_ - Version ;;;_ = outline-version (defvar outline-version  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 419  (let ((rcs-rev "Revision: 4.3"))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 420 421  (condition-case err (save-match-data  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 422  (string-match "Revision: \$$[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\$$" rcs-rev)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 423 424  (substring rcs-rev (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1))) (error rcs-rev)))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 425  "Revision number of currently loaded outline package. $$allout.el)")  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 ;;;_ > outline-version (defun outline-version (&optional here) "Return string describing the loaded outline version." (interactive "P") (let ((msg (concat "Allout Outline Mode v " outline-version))) (if here (insert-string msg)) (message "%s" msg) msg))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 434 435 ;;;_ - Topic header format ;;;_ = outline-regexp  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 436 (defvar outline-regexp ""  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 437  "*Regular expression to match the beginning of a heading line.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 438   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 439 440 441 Any line whose beginning matches this regexp is considered a heading. This var is set according to the user configuration vars by set-outline-regexp.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 442 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-regexp)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 443 ;;;_ = outline-bullets-string  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 444 (defvar outline-bullets-string ""  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 445 446 447 448  "A string dictating the valid set of outline topic bullets. This var should *not* be set by the user - it is set by 'set-outline-regexp', and is produced from the elements of 'outline-plain-bullets-string'  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 449 and 'outline-distinctive-bullets-string'.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 450 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-bullets-string)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 451 452 453 454 455 ;;;_ = outline-bullets-string-len (defvar outline-bullets-string-len 0 "Length of current buffers' outline-plain-bullets-string.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-bullets-string-len) ;;;_ = outline-line-boundary-regexp  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 456 (defvar outline-line-boundary-regexp ()  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 457 458  "Outline-regexp with outline-style beginning-of-line anchor.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 22, 1994 459 \(Ie, C-j, *or* C-m, for prefixes of hidden topics). This is properly  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 460 461 set when outline-regexp is produced by 'set-outline-regexp', so that (match-beginning 2) and (match-end 2) delimit the prefix.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 462 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-line-boundary-regexp)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 463 ;;;_ = outline-bob-regexp  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 464 (defvar outline-bob-regexp ()  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 465  "Like outline-line-boundary-regexp, for headers at beginning of buffer.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 22, 1994 466 \(match-beginning 2) and (match-end 2) delimit the prefix.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 467 468 469 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-bob-regexp) ;;;_ = outline-header-subtraction (defvar outline-header-subtraction (1- (length outline-header-prefix))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 470  "Outline-header prefix length to subtract when computing topic depth.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-header-subtraction) ;;;_ = outline-plain-bullets-string-len (defvar outline-plain-bullets-string-len (length outline-plain-bullets-string) "Length of outline-plain-bullets-string, updated by set-outline-regexp.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-plain-bullets-string-len)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 478 ;;;_ X outline-reset-header-lead (header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 479 (defun outline-reset-header-lead (header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 480  "*Reset the leading string used to identify topic headers."  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 481 482 483  (interactive "sNew lead string: ") (setq outline-header-prefix header-lead) (setq outline-header-subtraction (1- (length outline-header-prefix)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 484  (set-outline-regexp))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 485 ;;;_ X outline-lead-with-comment-string (header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 486 (defun outline-lead-with-comment-string (&optional header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 487 488 489 490  "*Set the topic-header leading string to specified string. Useful when for encapsulating outline structure in programming language comments. Returns the leading string."  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498  (interactive "P") (if (not (stringp header-lead)) (setq header-lead (read-string "String prefix for topic headers: "))) (setq outline-reindent-bodies nil) (outline-reset-header-lead header-lead) header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 499 500 ;;;_ > outline-infer-header-lead () (defun outline-infer-header-lead ()  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 501 502 503 504  "Determine appropriate outline-header-prefix'. Works according to settings of:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 505  comment-start'  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 506 507 508 509  outline-header-prefix' (default) outline-use-mode-specific-leader' and outline-mode-leaders'.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 510 511 Apply this via \(re$$activation of outline-mode', rather than invoking it directly."  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548  (let* ((use-leader (and (boundp 'outline-use-mode-specific-leader) (if (or (stringp outline-use-mode-specific-leader) (memq outline-use-mode-specific-leader '(outline-mode-leaders comment-start t))) outline-use-mode-specific-leader ;; Oops - garbled value, equate with effect of 't: t))) (leader (cond ((not use-leader) nil) ;; Use the explicitly designated leader: ((stringp use-leader) use-leader) (t (or (and (memq use-leader '(t outline-mode-leaders)) ;; Get it from outline mode leaders? (cdr (assq major-mode outline-mode-leaders))) ;; ... didn't get from outline-mode-leaders... (and (memq use-leader '(t comment-start)) comment-start ;; Use comment-start, maybe tripled, and with ;; underscore: (concat (if (string= " " (substring comment-start (1- (length comment-start)))) ;; Use comment-start, sans trailing space: (substring comment-start 0 -1) (concat comment-start comment-start comment-start)) ;; ... and append underscore, whichever: "_"))))))) (if (not leader) nil (if (string= leader outline-header-prefix) nil ; no change, nothing to do. (setq outline-header-prefix leader) outline-header-prefix))))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 ;;;_ > outline-infer-body-reindent () (defun outline-infer-body-reindent () "Determine proper setting for outline-reindent-bodies'. Depends on default setting of outline-reindent-bodies' $$which see) and presence of setting for comment-start', to tell whether the file is programming code." (if (and outline-reindent-bodies comment-start (not (eq 'force outline-reindent-bodies))) (setq outline-reindent-bodies nil)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 560 ;;;_ > set-outline-regexp ()  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 561 (defun set-outline-regexp ()  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 562 563 564 565  "Generate proper topic-header regexp form for outline functions. Works with respect to outline-plain-bullets-string' and outline-distinctive-bullets-string'."  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573  (interactive) ;; Derive outline-bullets-string from user configured components: (setq outline-bullets-string "") (let ((strings (list 'outline-plain-bullets-string 'outline-distinctive-bullets-string)) cur-string cur-len  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 574  cur-char  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609  cur-char-string index new-string) (while strings (setq new-string "") (setq index 0) (setq cur-len (length (setq cur-string (symbol-value (car strings))))) (while (< index cur-len) (setq cur-char (aref cur-string index)) (setq outline-bullets-string (concat outline-bullets-string (cond ; Single dash would denote a ; sequence, repeated denotes ; a dash: ((eq cur-char ?-) "--") ; literal close-square-bracket ; doesn't work right in the ; expr, exclude it: ((eq cur-char ?\]) "") (t (regexp-quote (char-to-string cur-char)))))) (setq index (1+ index))) (setq strings (cdr strings))) ) ;; Derive next for repeated use in outline-pending-bullet: (setq outline-plain-bullets-string-len (length outline-plain-bullets-string)) (setq outline-header-subtraction (1- (length outline-header-prefix))) ;; Produce the new outline-regexp: (setq outline-regexp (concat "\\(\\" outline-header-prefix "[ \t]*[" outline-bullets-string "]\$$\\|\\" outline-primary-bullet "+\\|\^l")) (setq outline-line-boundary-regexp  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 610  (concat "\$$[\n\r]\$$\$$" outline-regexp "\$$"))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 611 612 613  (setq outline-bob-regexp (concat "\$$\\\$$\$$" outline-regexp "\$$")) )  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 614 ;;;_ - Key bindings  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 ;;;_ = outline-mode-map (defvar outline-mode-map nil "Keybindings for (allout) outline minor mode.") ;;;_ > produce-outline-mode-map (keymap-alist &optional base-map) (defun produce-outline-mode-map (keymap-list &optional base-map) "Produce keymap for use as outline-mode-map, from keymap-list. Built on top of optional BASE-MAP, or empty sparse map if none specified. See doc string for outline-keybindings-list for format of binding list." (let ((map (or base-map (make-sparse-keymap)))) (mapcar (lambda (cell) (apply 'define-key map (if (null (cdr (cdr cell))) (cons (concat outline-command-prefix (car cell)) (cdr cell)) (list (car cell) (car (cdr cell)))))) keymap-list) map)) ;;;_ = outline-prior-bindings - being deprecated.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 633 634 635 (defvar outline-prior-bindings nil "Variable for use in V18, with outline-added-bindings, for resurrecting, on mode deactivation, bindings that existed before  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 636 637 activation. Being deprecated.") ;;;_ = outline-added-bindings - being deprecated  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 638 639 640 (defvar outline-added-bindings nil "Variable for use in V18, with outline-prior-bindings, for resurrecting, on mode deactivation, bindings that existed before  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 641 activation. Being deprecated.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 642 643 ;;;_ - Mode-Specific Variable Maintenance Utilities ;;;_ = outline-mode-prior-settings  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 644 (defvar outline-mode-prior-settings nil  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 645  "Internal outline mode use; settings to be resumed on mode deactivation.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 646 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-mode-prior-settings)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 647 ;;;_ > outline-resumptions (name &optional value)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 648 649 (defun outline-resumptions (name &optional value)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657  "Registers or resumes settings over outline-mode activation/deactivation. First arg is NAME of variable affected. Optional second arg is list containing outline-mode-specific VALUE to be imposed on named variable, and to be registered. (It's a list so you can specify registrations of null values.) If no value is specified, the registered value is returned (encapsulated in the list, so the caller can distinguish nil vs no value), and the registration is popped  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 658 from the list."  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676  (let ((on-list (assq name outline-mode-prior-settings)) prior-capsule ; By 'capsule' i mean a list ; containing a value, so we can ; distinguish nil from no value. ) (if value ;; Registering: (progn (if on-list nil ; Already preserved prior value - don't mess with it. ;; Register the old value, or nil if previously unbound: (setq outline-mode-prior-settings (cons (list name (if (boundp name) (list (symbol-value name)))) outline-mode-prior-settings)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 677 678 679  ; And impose the new value, locally: (progn (make-local-variable name) (set name (car value))))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704  ;; Relinquishing: (if (not on-list) ;; Oops, not registered - leave it be: nil ;; Some registration: ; reestablish it: (setq prior-capsule (car (cdr on-list))) (if prior-capsule (set name (car prior-capsule)) ; Some prior value - reestablish it. (makunbound name)) ; Previously unbound - demolish var. ; Remove registration: (let (rebuild) (while outline-mode-prior-settings (if (not (eq (car outline-mode-prior-settings) on-list)) (setq rebuild (cons (car outline-mode-prior-settings) rebuild))) (setq outline-mode-prior-settings (cdr outline-mode-prior-settings))) (setq outline-mode-prior-settings rebuild))))) )  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 705 ;;;_ - Mode-specific incidentals  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 706 707 ;;;_ = outline-during-write-cue nil (defvar outline-during-write-cue nil  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 708  "Used to inhibit outline change-protection during file write.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 709   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 710 711 712 See also outline-post-command-business', outline-write-file-hook', outline-before-change-protect', and outline-post-command-business' functions.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 713 714 ;;;_ = outline-override-protect nil (defvar outline-override-protect nil  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 715 716 717  "Used in outline-mode for regulate of concealed-text protection mechanism. Allout outline mode regulates alteration of concealed text to protect  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 718 against inadvertent, unnoticed changes. This is for use by specific,  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 719 720 native outline functions to temporarily override that protection. It's automatically reset to nil after every buffer modification.")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 721 722 723 (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-override-protect) ;;;_ > outline-unprotected (expr) (defmacro outline-unprotected (expr)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 724  "Evaluate EXPRESSION with outline-override-protect' let-bound 't'."  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 725 726 727 728 729  ( (let ((outline-override-protect t)) (, expr)))) ;;;_ = outline-undo-aggregation (defvar outline-undo-aggregation 30 "Amount of successive self-insert actions to bunch together per undo.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 730   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 731 732 733 This is purely a kludge variable, regulating the compensation for a bug in the way that before-change-function and undo interact.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-undo-aggregation)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 734 ;;;_ = file-var-bug hack  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 735 736 737 738 (defvar outline-v18/9-file-var-hack nil "Horrible hack used to prevent invalid multiple triggering of outline mode from prop-line file-var activation. Used by outline-mode function to track repeats.")  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 ;;;_ > outline-write-file-hook () (defun outline-write-file-hook () "In outline mode, run as a local-write-file-hooks activity. Currently just sets 'outline-during-write-cue', so outline-change- protection knows to keep inactive during file write." (setq outline-during-write-cue t) nil) ;;;_ #2 Mode activation ;;;_ = outline-mode (defvar outline-mode () "Allout outline mode minor-mode flag.") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-mode) ;;;_ > outline-mode-p () (defmacro outline-mode-p () "Return t if outline-mode is active in current buffer." 'outline-mode) ;;;_ = outline-explicitly-deactivated (defvar outline-explicitly-deactivated nil  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 758  "Outline-mode was last deliberately deactivated.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 759 760 So outline-post-command-business should not reactivate it...") (make-variable-buffer-local 'outline-explicitly-deactivated)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 761 762 ;;;_ > outline-init (&optional mode) (defun outline-init (&optional mode)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 763 764  "Prime outline-mode to enable/disable auto-activation, wrt outline-layout'.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 765 MODE is one of the following symbols:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 766   Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 767 768 769  - nil $$or no argument) deactivate auto-activation/layou; - 'activate', enable auto-activation only; - 'ask', enable auto-activation, and enable auto-layout but with  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 770  confirmation for layout operation solicited from user each time;  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 771 772 773  - 'report', just report and return the current auto-activation state; - anything else \(eg, t) for auto-activation and auto-layout, without any confirmation check.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789  Use this function to setup your emacs session for automatic activation of allout outline mode, contingent to the buffer-specific setting of the outline-layout' variable. (See outline-layout' and outline-expose-topic' docstrings for more details on auto layout). outline-init' works by setting up (or removing) the outline-mode find-file-hook, and giving outline-auto-activation' a suitable setting. To prime your emacs session for full auto-outline operation, include the following two lines in your emacs init file: \(require 'allout) \(outline-init t)"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 790 791  (interactive) (if (interactive-p)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 792  (progn  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835  (setq mode (completing-read (concat "Select outline auto setup mode " "(empty for report, ? for options) ") '(("nil")("full")("activate")("deactivate") ("ask") ("report") ("")) nil t)) (if (string= mode "") (setq mode 'report) (setq mode (intern-soft mode))))) (let ;; convenience aliases, for consistent ref to respective vars: ((hook 'outline-find-file-hook) (curr-mode 'outline-auto-activation)) (cond ((not mode) (setq find-file-hooks (delq hook find-file-hooks)) (if (interactive-p) (message "Allout outline mode auto-activation inhibited."))) ((eq mode 'report) (if (not (memq hook find-file-hooks)) (outline-init nil) ;; Just punt and use the reports from each of the modes: (outline-init (symbol-value curr-mode)))) (t (add-hook 'find-file-hooks hook) (set curr-mode ; 'set', not 'setq'! (cond ((eq mode 'activate) (message "Outline mode auto-activation enabled.") 'activate) ((eq mode 'report) ;; Return the current mode setting: (outline-init mode)) ((eq mode 'ask) (message (concat "Outline mode auto-activation and " "-layout \(upon confirmation) enabled.")) 'ask) ((message "Outline mode auto-activation and -layout enabled.") 'full)))))))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 836 837 ;;;_ > outline-mode (&optional toggle) ;;;_ : Defun:  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 838 (defun outline-mode (&optional toggle)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 839 ;;;_ . Doc string:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851  "Toggle minor mode for controlling exposure and editing of text outlines. Optional arg forces mode reactivation iff arg is positive num or symbol. Allout outline mode provides extensive outline formatting and manipulation capabilities. It is specifically aimed at supporting outline structuring and manipulation of syntax-sensitive text, eg programming languages. \(For an example, see the allout code itself, which is organized in outline structure.$$ It also includes such things as topic-oriented repositioning, cut, and paste; integral outline exposure-layout; incremental search with  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 852 dynamic exposure/concealment of concealed text; automatic topic-number  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 maintenance; and many other features. See the docstring of the variable outline-init' for instructions on priming your emacs session for automatic activation of outline-mode, according to file-var settings of the outline-layout' variable. Below is a description of the bindings, and then explanation of special outline-mode features and terminology. The bindings themselves are established according to the values of variables outline-keybindings-list' and outline-command-prefix', each time the mode is invoked. Prior bindings are resurrected when the mode is revoked. Navigation: Exposure Control: ---------- ---------------- C-c C-n outline-next-visible-heading | C-c C-h outline-hide-current-subtree C-c C-p outline-previous-visible-heading | C-c C-i outline-show-children C-c C-u outline-up-current-level | C-c C-s outline-show-current-subtree C-c C-f outline-forward-current-level | C-c C-o outline-show-current-entry C-c C-b outline-backward-current-level | ^U C-c C-s outline-show-all C-c C-e outline-end-of-current-entry | outline-hide-current-leaves C-c C-a outline-beginning-of-current-entry, alternately, goes to hot-spot Topic Header Production: ----------------------- C-c outline-open-sibtopic Create a new sibling after current topic. C-c . outline-open-subtopic ... an offspring of current topic. C-c , outline-open-supertopic ... a sibling of the current topic's parent. Topic Level and Prefix Adjustment: --------------------------------- C-c > outline-shift-in Shift current topic and all offspring deeper. C-c < outline-shift-out ... less deep. C-c outline-rebullet-topic Reconcile bullets of topic and its' offspring - distinctive bullets are not changed, others alternated according to nesting depth.  Karl Heuer committed May 02, 1995 890 C-c * outline-rebullet-current-heading Prompt for alternate bullet for  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 891  current topic.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 892 893 894 895 C-c # outline-number-siblings Number bullets of topic and siblings - the offspring are not affected. With repeat count, revoke numbering.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 896 897 898 899  Topic-oriented Killing and Yanking: ---------------------------------- C-c C-k outline-kill-topic Kill current topic, including offspring. C-k outline-kill-line Like kill-line, but reconciles numbering, etc.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 900 901 C-y outline-yank Yank, adjusting depth of yanked topic to depth of heading if yanking into bare topic  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 902  heading (ie, prefix sans text).  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 903 904 M-y outline-yank-pop Is to outline-yank as yank-pop is to yank  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 905 906  Misc commands: -------------  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 907 C-c @ outline-resolve-xref pop-to-buffer named by xref (cf  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916  outline-file-xref-bullet) C-c c outline-copy-exposed Copy current topic outline sans concealed text, to buffer with name derived from current buffer - \"XXX exposed\" M-x outlineify-sticky Activate outline mode for current buffer, and establish a default file-var setting for outline-layout'. ESC ESC (outline-init t) Setup emacs session for outline mode auto-activation.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 917   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 918  HOT-SPOT Operation  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 919   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 920 921 Hot-spot operation provides a means for easy, single-keystroke outline navigation and exposure control.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 922   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 \\ When the text cursor is positioned directly on the bullet character of a topic, regular characters (a to z) invoke the commands of the corresponding outline-mode keymap control chars. For example, \"f\" would invoke the command typically bound to \"C-c C-f\" $$\\[outline-forward-current-level] outline-forward-current-level'). Thus, by positioning the cursor on a topic bullet, you can execute  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 931 the outline navigation and manipulation commands with a single  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 932 933 934 keystroke. Non-literal chars never get this special translation, so you can use them to get away from the hot-spot, and back to normal operation.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 935   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 936 Note that the command outline-beginning-of-current-entry' \(\\[outline-beginning-of-current-entry]$$  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 937 938 939 will move to the hot-spot when the cursor is already located at the beginning of the current entry, so you can simply hit \\[outline-beginning-of-current-entry] twice in a row to get to the hot-spot.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 940   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 941  Terminology  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 942   Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 943 944 945 946 947 948 Topic hierarchy constituents - TOPICS and SUBTOPICS: TOPIC: A basic, coherent component of an emacs outline. It can contain other topics, and it can be subsumed by other topics, CURRENT topic: The visible topic most immediately containing the cursor.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 949 950 DEPTH: The degree of nesting of a topic; it increases with containment. Also called the:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 LEVEL: The same as DEPTH. ANCESTORS: The topics that contain a topic. PARENT: A topic's immediate ancestor. It has a depth one less than the topic. OFFSPRING:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 958 959 960  The topics contained by a topic; SUBTOPIC: An immediate offspring of a topic;  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 961 962 963 CHILDREN: The immediate offspring of a topic. SIBLINGS:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 964 965  Topics having the same parent and depth.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 Topic text constituents: HEADER: The first line of a topic, include the topic PREFIX and header text. PREFIX: The leading text of a topic which which distinguishes it from normal text. It has a strict form, which consists of a prefix-lead string, padding, and a bullet. The bullet may be followed by a number, indicating the ordinal number of the topic among its siblings, a space, and then the header text. The relative length of the PREFIX determines the nesting depth of the topic. PREFIX-LEAD: The string at the beginning of a topic prefix, normally a '.'. It can be customized by changing the setting of  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 981  outline-header-prefix' and then reinitializing outline-mode.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 982 983 984 985  By setting the prefix-lead to the comment-string of a programming language, you can embed outline-structuring in program code without interfering with the language processing  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 986 987  of that code. See outline-use-mode-specific-leader' docstring for more detail.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 PREFIX-PADDING: Spaces or asterisks which separate the prefix-lead and the bullet, according to the depth of the topic. BULLET: A character at the end of the topic prefix, it must be one of the characters listed on 'outline-plain-bullets-string' or 'outline-distinctive-bullets-string'. (See the documentation for these variables for more details.) The default choice of bullet when generating varies in a cycle with the depth of the topic. ENTRY: The text contained in a topic before any offspring. BODY: Same as ENTRY. EXPOSURE: The state of a topic which determines the on-screen visibility of its' offspring and contained text. CONCEALED: Topics and entry text whose display is inhibited. Contiguous units of concealed text is represented by '...' ellipses. (Ref the 'selective-display' var.) Concealed topics are effectively collapsed within an ancestor. CLOSED: A topic whose immediate offspring and body-text is concealed.  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1011 OPEN: A topic that is not closed, though its' offspring or body may be."  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1012 ;;;_ . Code  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1013 1014  (interactive "P")  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1015  (let* ((active (and (not (equal major-mode 'outline))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1016 1017  (outline-mode-p))) ; Massage universal-arg 'toggle' val:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1018  (toggle (and toggle  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1019 1020  (or (and (listp toggle)(car toggle)) toggle)))  Karl Heuer committed Jan 04, 1996 1021  ; Activation specifically demanded?  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1022  (explicit-activation (or  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027  ;; (and toggle (or (symbolp toggle) (and (natnump toggle) (not (zerop toggle)))))))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1028 1029  ;; outline-mode already called once during this complex command? (same-complex-command (eq outline-v18/9-file-var-hack  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1030 1031 1032  (car command-history))) do-layout )  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1033   Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1034  ; See comments below re v19.18,.19 bug.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1035 1036  (setq outline-v18/9-file-var-hack (car command-history))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1037 1038  (cond  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1039  ;; Provision for v19.18, 19.19 bug -  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044  ;; Emacs v 19.18, 19.19 file-var code invokes prop-line-designated ;; modes twice when file is visited. We have to avoid toggling mode ;; off on second invocation, so we detect it as best we can, and ;; skip everything. ((and same-complex-command ; Still in same complex command  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049  ; as last time outline-mode invoked. active ; Already activated. (not explicit-activation) ; Prop-line file-vars don't have args. (string-match "^19.1[89]" ; Bug only known to be in v19.18 and emacs-version)); 19.19.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1050  t)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1051 1052  ;; Deactivation:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1053  ((and (not explicit-activation)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059  (or active toggle)) ; Activation not explicitly ; requested, and either in ; active state or *de*activation ; specifically requested: (setq outline-explicitly-deactivated t)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1060  (if (string-match "^18\." emacs-version)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1061 1062  ; Revoke those keys that remain ; as we set them:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1063  (let ((curr-loc (current-local-map)))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071  (mapcar '(lambda (cell) (if (eq (lookup-key curr-loc (car cell)) (car (cdr cell))) (define-key curr-loc (car cell) (assq (car cell) outline-prior-bindings)))) outline-added-bindings) (outline-resumptions 'outline-added-bindings) (outline-resumptions 'outline-prior-bindings)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1072 1073 1074  (if outline-old-style-prefixes (progn  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1075 1076  (outline-resumptions 'outline-primary-bullet) (outline-resumptions 'outline-old-style-prefixes)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1077  (outline-resumptions 'selective-display)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1078 1079 1080  (if (and (boundp 'before-change-function) before-change-function) (outline-resumptions 'before-change-function)) (setq pre-command-hook (delq 'outline-pre-command-business  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1081  pre-command-hook))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1082  (setq local-write-file-hooks  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1083 1084  (delq 'outline-write-file-hook local-write-file-hooks))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1085 1086  (outline-resumptions 'paragraph-start) (outline-resumptions 'paragraph-separate)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1087  (outline-resumptions (if (string-match "^18" emacs-version)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1088 1089  'auto-fill-hook 'auto-fill-function))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1090  (outline-resumptions 'outline-former-auto-filler)  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1091 1092  (setq outline-mode nil))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1093  ;; Activation:  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1094  ((not active)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1095  (setq outline-explicitly-deactivated nil)  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1096 1097  (if outline-old-style-prefixes (progn ; Inhibit all the fancy formatting:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1098 1099 1100 1101  (outline-resumptions 'outline-primary-bullet '("*")) (outline-resumptions 'outline-old-style-prefixes '(())))) (outline-infer-header-lead)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 1102  (outline-infer-body-reindent)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1103   Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1104  (set-outline-regexp)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1105 1106 1107  ; Produce map from current version ; of outline-keybindings-list:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1108 1109 1110  (if (boundp 'minor-mode-map-alist) (progn ; V19, and maybe lucid and  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125  ; epoch, minor-mode key bindings: (setq outline-mode-map (produce-outline-mode-map outline-keybindings-list)) (fset 'outline-mode-map outline-mode-map) ; Include on minor-mode-map-alist, ; if not already there: (if (not (member '(outline-mode . outline-mode-map) minor-mode-map-alist)) (setq minor-mode-map-alist (cons '(outline-mode . outline-mode-map) minor-mode-map-alist)))) ; V18 minor-mode key bindings: ; Stash record of added bindings ; for later revocation:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1126  (outline-resumptions 'outline-added-bindings  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1127  (list outline-keybindings-list))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1128  (outline-resumptions 'outline-prior-bindings  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1129 1130  (list (current-local-map))) ; and add them:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1131  (use-local-map (produce-outline-mode-map outline-keybindings-list  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1132  (current-local-map)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1133  )  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1134 1135 1136 1137  ; selective-display is the ; emacs conditional exposure ; mechanism:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1138 1139 1140 1141  (outline-resumptions 'selective-display '(t)) (if outline-inhibit-protection t (outline-resumptions 'before-change-function  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1142 1143 1144 1145  '(outline-before-change-protect))) ; Temporarily set by any outline ; functions that can be trusted to ; deal properly with concealed text.  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1146  (add-hook 'local-write-file-hooks 'outline-write-file-hook)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1147 1148 1149  ; Custom auto-fill func, to support ; respect for topic headline, ; hanging-indents, etc:  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1150  (let* ((fill-func-var (if (string-match "^18" emacs-version)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1151 1152 1153  'auto-fill-hook 'auto-fill-function)) (fill-func (symbol-value fill-func-var)))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158  ;; Register prevailing fill func for use by outline-auto-fill: (outline-resumptions 'outline-former-auto-filler (list fill-func)) ;; Register outline-auto-fill to be used if filling is active: (outline-resumptions fill-func-var '(outline-auto-fill))) ;; Paragraphs are broken by topic headlines.  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1159 1160  (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start) (outline-resumptions 'paragraph-start  Boris Goldowsky committed Mar 01, 1995 1161  (list (concat paragraph-start "\\|\$$"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1162  outline-regexp "\$$")))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1163 1164  (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate) (outline-resumptions 'paragraph-separate  Boris Goldowsky committed Mar 01, 1995 1165  (list (concat paragraph-separate "\\|\$$"  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1166  outline-regexp "\$$")))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1167 1168 1169  (or (assq 'outline-mode minor-mode-alist) (setq minor-mode-alist  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1170 1171 1172 1173  (cons '(outline-mode " Outl") minor-mode-alist))) (if outline-layout (setq do-layout t))  Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1174 1175  (if outline-enwrap-isearch-mode  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1176  (outline-enwrap-isearch))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1177   Richard M. Stallman committed Jun 02, 1993 1178 1179  (run-hooks 'outline-mode-hook) (setq outline-mode t))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1180 1181  ;; Reactivation:  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 1182 1183  ((setq do-layout t) (outline-infer-body-reindent))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1184  ) ; cond  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194  (if (and do-layout outline-auto-activation (listp outline-layout) (and (not (eq outline-auto-activation 'activate)) (if (eq outline-auto-activation 'ask) (if (y-or-n-p (format "Expose %s with layout '%s'? " (buffer-name) outline-layout)) t  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 1195  (message "Skipped %s layout." (buffer-name))  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200  nil) t))) (save-excursion (message "Adjusting '%s' exposure..." (buffer-name)) (goto-char 0)  Richard M. Stallman committed May 17, 1994 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209  (outline-this-or-next-heading) (condition-case err (progn (apply 'outline-expose-topic (list outline-layout)) (message "Adjusting '%s' exposure... done." (buffer-name))) ;; Problem applying exposure - notify user, but don't ;; interrupt, eg, file visit: (error (message "%s" (car (cdr err))) (sit-for 1)))))  Richard M. Stallman committed Apr 30, 1994 1210 1211  outline-mode ) ; let*  Richard M. Stallman committed May 09, 1994 1212  ) ; defun