James VI and I began the Plantation of Ulster.
 James then ruled without parliament until 1621, employing officials such as the merchant Lionel Cranfield, who were astute at raising and saving money for the crown, and sold baronetcies and other dignities, many created for the purpose, as an alternative source of income
 He was proclaimed "James the first, King of England, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith" in London on 24 March 1603

